WO2015196955A1 - 一种热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备及其控制方法和装置 - Google Patents

一种热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备及其控制方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015196955A1
WO2015196955A1 PCT/CN2015/082019 CN2015082019W WO2015196955A1 WO 2015196955 A1 WO2015196955 A1 WO 2015196955A1 CN 2015082019 W CN2015082019 W CN 2015082019W WO 2015196955 A1 WO2015196955 A1 WO 2015196955A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nitrogen
pressure
gas tank
filling
filled
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PCT/CN2015/082019
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王颖
王玉军
李晓虎
刘军
王天舒
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江苏天舒电器有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN201410287726.8A external-priority patent/CN104075106B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201410287070.XA external-priority patent/CN104062076B/zh
Application filed by 江苏天舒电器有限公司 filed Critical 江苏天舒电器有限公司
Publication of WO2015196955A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015196955A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum

Definitions

  • the invention relates to quality inspection of a compressor, device or system with a low boiling point gas as a refrigerant, in particular to a nitrogen pumping and pressure detecting leak detection device for a heat pump-refrigeration unit or an air conditioner and a refrigeration unit and control thereof Method and apparatus.
  • leak detection In the production process of heat pump and refrigeration system, leak detection must be carried out to ensure its quality. Due to the low temperature of liquid nitrogen, easy preparation, low cost and no pollution, many companies are in the process of heat pump and refrigeration system production. In the middle, the heat pump-refrigeration unit is leak-detected by the nitrogen-filled pressure-holding leak detection method. After the leak detection is completed, the nitrogen gas is directly discharged into the surrounding air, and is not recycled. Several dozen machines are produced every day, causing a large amount of nitrogen waste. And nitrogen is directly discharged around the production line. Although the nitrogen itself has little harm to the human body, when the concentration increases, the oxygen concentration in the air drops below 19.5%, and an oxygen-deficient environment is formed, which produces a suffocating effect.
  • the above prior art solution can directly charge the nitrogen in the refrigeration system that has completed the leak detection into the next refrigeration system to be inspected, the recovery and utilization of the nitrogen after the pressure-holding leak detection is realized, and the waste of nitrogen is avoided. And it can directly hold the pressure of the next refrigeration system to be inspected while nitrogen is being recovered.
  • the product models and batches on the production line are constantly changing, especially for small flexible multi-variety modern flexible production lines.
  • the systems to be leak tested and the systems that have completed leak detection in the same period often belong to different models or For different batches of products, therefore, the amount of nitrogen that has been exhausted by the leak detection system is not equal to the nitrogen charge of the system to be tested. In most cases, the nitrogen discharged from the leak detection system is directly transferred to the system to be tested.
  • the prior art solution makes it difficult to achieve an effective nitrogen recovery function.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a nitrogen-filled pressure-preserving leak detection device for a heat pump-refrigeration unit, which can solve the technical problems of nitrogen-filled pressure-holding leak detection and nitrogen recovery in a flexible production line of a heat pump-refrigeration unit.
  • a heat pump-refrigeration unit nitrogen-filled pressure-preserving leak detection device is used for nitrogen-filled pressure-holding leak detection and nitrogen recovery of a heat pump or refrigeration unit production line, and the heat pump or refrigeration unit production line includes a pressure leak detection unit for containing a unit to be tested
  • the working area and the vacuum working area for accommodating the vacuum unit are characterized by:
  • the nitrogen-filled pressure-preserving leak detecting device comprises a high-pressure gas tank, a constant-pressure gas tank, a vacuum pump, an expanded gas tank and a nitrogen gas bottle, and m strips are connected to the nitrogen-filling pipeline of the pressurized leak detecting working area, and n connections are waiting a vacuum pumping line in the vacuum working area, a high pressure gas supply line connecting the high pressure gas tank and the nitrogen bottle, and a control device for controlling the nitrogen pressure and the vacuum degree; wherein m and n are positive integers greater than 1, according to the heat pump Or the production capacity of the refrigeration unit production line is determined;
  • the nitrogen-filling pipeline comprises a nitrogen-filled one-way valve, a nitrogen-filled electromagnetic valve and a nitrogen-filled quick joint connected in series; a first pressure detecting element is arranged on a pipeline between the nitrogen-filled electromagnetic valve and the nitrogen-filled quick joint
  • the inlet end of the nitrogen-filled check valve of each nitrogen-filling pipeline is connected in parallel to the constant-pressure gas tank; the unit to be tested entering the pressurized leak-detecting working area is respectively connected to the nitrogen-filled quick joint of each nitrogen-filling pipeline,
  • the nitrogen in the constant pressure gas tank is automatically filled with nitrogen through the nitrogen-filling pipelines at a constant pressure for the unit to be tested in the pressurized leak detection working area;
  • the high-pressure gas tank is connected to the constant pressure gas tank through a constant pressure valve, and the constant pressure gas tank is automatically ventilated through the constant pressure valve to ensure the pressure of the constant pressure gas tank when the nitrogen is filled;
  • the expansion gas tank is connected to the high pressure gas tank, and the high pressure Gas capacity in the gas tank When the leakage is reduced, the gas in the expanded gas tank is automatically replenished into the high-pressure gas tank, thereby ensuring the nitrogen pressure in the high-pressure gas tank, which can meet the requirement of maintaining a constant pressure of the constant pressure valve;
  • the high-pressure gas supply pipeline includes a gas supplemental electromagnetic valve, and a third pressure detecting component is disposed on the high-pressure gas tank, and the nitrogen gas in the nitrogen gas cylinder is automatically replenished into the high-pressure gas tank through the gas supplemental electromagnetic valve;
  • the vacuuming pipeline includes a pumping quick connector, an air suction solenoid valve and an air suction check valve connected in series; a second pressure detecting element is disposed on a pipeline between the air suction solenoid valve and the air suction quick connector;
  • the outlet end of the suction check valve of each vacuum line is connected in parallel to the intake end of the vacuum pump, and the exhaust end of the vacuum pump is connected to the high pressure gas tank; the vacuum pumping unit that completes the pressure maintaining leak detection into the vacuum working area, The discharged nitrogen gas is recovered into the high pressure gas tank through each vacuuming line;
  • the control device comprises a nitrogen filling control unit, a pumping control unit and a supplemental gas control unit; and corresponding to each nitrogen filling pipeline, the nitrogen filling control unit is provided with a nitrogen-filled switch, and the first pressure detecting element is normally closed.
  • a nitrogen-filled control branch formed by connecting the power supply coils of the nitrogen-filled solenoid valve in series; corresponding to each vacuum pumping line, the pumping control unit is provided with a pumping control branch;
  • the pumping control branch includes a suction switch connected in series, a normally closed contact of the second pressure detecting element and a power supply coil of the pumping solenoid valve, and a vacuum pump relay connected in parallel at both ends of the power supply coil; each of the nitrogen-filled control branch and the pumping control branch are connected in parallel It is connected between the L and N terminals of the power supply;
  • the air supply control unit is composed of an air supply switch, a normally closed contact of the third pressure detecting element, and a power supply coil of the air supply solenoid valve.
  • a preferred technical solution of the nitrogen-filled pressure-preserving leak detection device of the heat pump-refrigeration unit of the present invention is characterized in that the high-pressure gas tank is also connected with a safety relief valve, when the high-pressure gas tank and the constant pressure gas tank When the nitrogen pressure difference exceeds the safe range of the constant pressure valve to maintain a constant pressure, the nitrogen of the high pressure gas tank is automatically released through the safety relief valve, thereby ensuring the nitrogen pressure in the high pressure gas tank, which can meet the requirement of the constant pressure valve to maintain a constant pressure. .
  • a better technical solution for the nitrogen-filled pressure-preserving leak detection device of the heat pump-refrigeration unit of the present invention is characterized in that the vacuum pump is a variable frequency control vacuum pump, and the normally open contact of the vacuum pump relay is connected to the control input end of the frequency converter. According to the number of vacuum pumping units connected by the vacuum line, the frequency of the vacuum pump is automatically changed.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a control method for a nitrogen-filled pressure-preserving leak detection device of a heat pump-refrigeration unit, and the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is:
  • a control method for the above-mentioned heat pump-refrigeration unit nitrogen-filled pressure-preserving leak detecting device characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
  • test unit Turn on the nitrogen-filling switch of the nitrogen-filled control branch, and open the nitrogen-filled electromagnetic valve on the corresponding nitrogen-filling pipeline.
  • the test unit is automatically filled with nitrogen by a constant pressure gas tank;
  • the high pressure gas tank automatically replenishes the constant pressure gas tank through the constant pressure valve to ensure the pressure of the constant pressure gas tank during nitrogen filling; the opening degree of the constant pressure valve follows the high pressure gas tank and The pressure difference between the constant pressure gas tanks increases and becomes larger, thereby ensuring the pressure stability of the constant pressure gas tank during the nitrogen filling process;
  • S220 adjusting the capacity of the gas in the high pressure gas tank by using the expanded gas tank, so that the high pressure gas tank and the constant pressure gas tank maintain a predetermined nitrogen pressure difference range;
  • S240 Turn on the air supply switch of the air supply control unit, if the third pressure detecting element detects that the pressure of the high pressure gas tank is lower than the minimum working pressure: the normally closed contact of the first pressure detecting element is closed, and the air supply electromagnetic valve is opened, The nitrogen in the nitrogen bottle is replenished into the high-pressure gas tank through the supplemental gas solenoid valve, so that the high-pressure gas tank and the constant pressure gas tank are restored to a predetermined pressure difference range;
  • S300 The pressure-retaining leak detection is sent to the n sets of vacuum-removing units in the vacuum working area, and respectively connected to an idle vacuuming line through the pumping quick joint;
  • a preferred technical solution for the control method of the nitrogen-filled pressure-preserving leak detection device of the heat pump-refrigeration unit of the present invention is characterized in that after step S240, the following steps are further included:
  • step S360 further includes the following actions of the frequency conversion control:
  • a third object of the present invention is to provide a nitrogen-filled pressure-holding leak detection control device using the above-described heat pump-refrigeration unit nitrogen-filled pressure-preserving leak detecting device, and the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is:
  • a nitrogen-filled pressure-holding leak detection device control device using the above control method which is used for nitrogen-filled pressure-holding vacuum control of the heat pump-refrigeration unit leak detection device, characterized in that:
  • the control device comprises a nitrogen filling control unit, a pumping control unit and a supplemental gas control unit;
  • the nitrogen-filling control unit is provided with a nitrogen-filling control branch; the nitrogen-filling control branch is routed to the nitrogen-filling switch, the normally-closed contact of the first pressure detecting element, and the nitrogen-filled electromagnetic valve
  • the power supply coils are connected in series; each nitrogen-filled control branch is connected in parallel between the L and N terminals of the power supply;
  • the pumping control unit is provided with a pumping control branch;
  • the pumping control branch includes an exhausting switch connected in series in series, a normally closed contact of the second pressure detecting component and pumping a power supply coil of the solenoid valve, and a vacuum pump relay connected in parallel at both ends of the power supply coil;
  • each pumping control branch is connected in parallel between the L and N terminals of the power supply; one end of the normally open contact of the vacuum pump relay is respectively pumped through
  • the suction switch of the gas control branch is connected to the L end of the power supply, and the other end of all the normally open contacts is connected to the power input end of the vacuum pump;
  • the air supply control unit is composed of an air supply switch, a normally closed contact of the third pressure detecting element, and a power supply coil of the air supply solenoid valve.
  • a preferred technical solution of the nitrogen-filled pressure-preserving leak detection device of the present invention is characterized in that the first pressure detecting element, the second pressure detecting element or the third pressure detecting element is an electric contact pressure gauge or pressure Relay.
  • An improved technical solution of the nitrogen-filled pressure-preserving leak detection control device of the present invention is characterized in that the vacuum pump is a variable frequency control vacuum pump, and a normally open contact of the vacuum pump relay is connected to a control input end of the frequency converter, according to the vacuum pumping tube The number of vacuum units to be connected to the road automatically changes the frequency of the vacuum pump.
  • the heat pump-refrigeration unit of the present invention is provided with a nitrogen-filled pressure-storing leak detection device and a control method thereof, which uses a constant pressure valve to replenish gas to a constant pressure gas tank, and supplies gas through a constant pressure gas tank to ensure stable pressure of the constant pressure gas tank.
  • the speed of inflation is fast, the pressure detecting element is used to detect and control the inflation pressure, and the pressure deviation of the pressure holding is small, which can replace the existing pressure maintaining leak detection mode of one gas cylinder inflation, and meet the needs of a small flexible multi-variety modern flexible production line.
  • the heat pump-refrigeration unit of the present invention is equipped with a nitrogen-filled pressure-preserving leak detecting device and a control method thereof, and a plurality of devices are simultaneously vacuumed by a vacuum pump, and a pressure detecting element is used to detect and control the degree of vacuum, and the gas in the device is used. Transferred to the high-pressure gas tank, the vacuuming and gas recovery are reasonably concentrated together, and the vacuum pump frequency control is adopted to adapt to the demand of different quantities of vacuuming equipment, which not only solves the complete recovery of nitrogen in the pressure-holding leak detection, but also avoids nitrogen gas.
  • the wasteful technical problem can greatly reduce the equipment cost and operating cost of the product quality inspection.
  • the heat pump-refrigeration unit of the present invention is provided with a nitrogen-filled pressure-storing leak detection device and a control method thereof, wherein an expanded gas tank is used to adjust the amount of gas in the high-pressure gas tank, thereby adjusting the pressure of the gas in the gas tank.
  • an expanded gas tank is used to adjust the amount of gas in the high-pressure gas tank, thereby adjusting the pressure of the gas in the gas tank.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a nitrogen-filled pressure-preserving leak detecting device of a heat pump-refrigeration unit according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an electrical schematic diagram of a control device for a nitrogen-filled pressure-preserving leak detecting device of the heat pump-refrigeration unit of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a flow chart showing the control of the nitrogen-filled pressure-preserving leak detecting device of the heat pump-refrigeration unit of the present invention.
  • the nitrogen pumping pressure detecting and leaking device of the heat pump refrigeration unit of the present invention is used for nitrogen-filled pressure-holding leak detection and nitrogen recovery of a heat pump or refrigeration unit production line.
  • the heat pump or refrigeration unit production line includes a pressurized leak detection working area 200 for accommodating a set of to-be-tested units and an evacuated working area 300 for accommodating n sets of vacuum-removing units, the nitrogen-filled pressure-holding leak detecting apparatus 100 comprising a high-pressure gas tank 110, a constant-pressure gas tank 120, vacuum pump 130, expanded gas tank 140 and nitrogen cylinder 150, m strips are connected to the nitrogen filling pipeline of the pressurized leak detecting working area 200, n are connected to the vacuuming pipeline to be evacuated working area 300, and the high pressure gas tank is connected 110 and a high pressure gas supply line of the nitrogen bottle 150, and a control device 400 for controlling the nitrogen pressure and the degree of vacuum; wherein m and n are greater than 1 Positive integer, which can be determined according to the production capacity of
  • the nitrogen-filling pipeline includes a nitrogen-filled check valve 121 connected in series, a nitrogen-filled solenoid valve 122 and a nitrogen-filled quick joint 123; and a pipeline between the nitrogen-filled electromagnetic valve 122 and the nitrogen-filled quick joint 123.
  • the nitrogen gas in the constant-pressure gas tanks 120 passes through the respective nitrogen-filling pipelines, and at the same time, the respective units to be tested in the pressurized leak detection working area 200 are 201 to 20 m.
  • the high pressure gas tank 110 is connected to the constant pressure gas tank 120 through the constant pressure valve 111, and the constant pressure gas tank 120 is automatically ventilated by the constant pressure valve 111 to ensure the pressure of the constant pressure gas tank during nitrogen filling;
  • the expansion gas tank 140 is connected to In the high-pressure gas tank 110, when the gas capacity in the high-pressure gas tank 110 is reduced due to leakage, the gas in the expanded gas tank 140 is automatically replenished into the high-pressure gas tank 110, thereby ensuring the nitrogen pressure in the high-pressure gas tank 110, which can satisfy the constant pressure.
  • Valve 111 maintains a constant pressure requirement;
  • the high-pressure air supply line includes a supplemental gas solenoid valve 151; the high-pressure gas tank 110 is provided with a third pressure detecting element 432; the nitrogen gas in the nitrogen cylinder 150 is automatically replenished into the high-pressure gas tank 110 through the supplemental gas solenoid valve 151;
  • the vacuuming pipeline includes a pumping quick connector 133, an air suction solenoid valve 132 and an air suction check valve 131 connected in series; and a pipe between the air pumping solenoid valve 132 and the air pumping quick connector 133.
  • the second pressure detecting element 422; the outlet end of the suction check valve 131 of each vacuuming line is connected in parallel to the intake end of the vacuum pump 130, and the exhaust end of the vacuum pump 130 is connected to the high pressure gas tank 110;
  • the vacuuming units 301 to 30n to be evacuated in the vacuum working area 300 are used to recover the discharged nitrogen into the high pressure gas tank 110 through the respective vacuuming lines;
  • the control device 400 for the nitrogen-filled pressure-preserving leak detection device of the heat pump-refrigeration unit of the present invention includes a nitrogen-filling control unit 410, a pumping control unit 420, and a supplemental gas control unit 430;
  • the nitrogen charging control unit 410 is provided with a nitrogen filling control branch; the nitrogen filling control branch routes the nitrogen filling switch 411, the normally closed contact of the first pressure detecting element 412, and the nitrogen filling
  • the power supply coil 122x of the solenoid valve 122 is connected in series; each nitrogen-filling control branch is connected in parallel between the L and N terminals of the power supply; the first pressure detecting element 412 detects the pressure of the nitrogen-filled pipeline and reaches the nitrogen-filling pressure.
  • the preset pressure holding value is preset, the corresponding nitrogen filling solenoid valve 122 is automatically closed;
  • the pumping control unit 420 is provided with a pumping control branch;
  • the pumping control branch includes an airing switch 421 connected in series in series, and the normally closed contact of the second pressure detecting element 422 And a power supply coil 132x of the suction solenoid valve 132, and a vacuum pump relay 423 connected in parallel at the two ends of the power supply coil 132x;
  • each suction control branch is connected in parallel between the L and N terminals of the power supply;
  • the vacuum pump relay One end of the normally open contact c of the device 423 is respectively connected to the L terminal of the power supply through the suction switch 421 of each pumping control branch, and the other end of all the normally open contacts c is connected to the power supply of the vacuum pump 130.
  • the second pressure detecting component 422 detects the vacuum degree of the vacuuming pipeline, and automatically closes the corresponding air suction solenoid valve 132 when the vacuum degree reaches the setting requirement; when any one of the pumping control branches is in the ON state, The coil X of the vacuum pump relay 423 is energized, and the vacuum pump 130 is activated by the corresponding normally open contact c; when all the pumping control branches are in the off state, the vacuum pump 130 is automatically stopped;
  • the supplemental air control unit 430 is composed of a supplemental switch 431, a normally closed contact of the third pressure detecting element 432, and a power supply coil 151x of the supplemental solenoid valve 151; the third pressure detecting element 432 detects the pressure of the high pressure gas cylinder 110, When the nitrogen pressure of the high pressure gas tank 110 fails to meet the requirement that the constant pressure valve 111 maintains a constant pressure, the plenum solenoid valve 151 is automatically opened.
  • the first to third pressure detecting elements 412, 422, and 432 of the heat pump-refrigeration unit of the heat pump-refrigeration unit of the present invention may employ an electric contact pressure gauge or a pressure relay, or the like to convert the pneumatic signal into a switch. Pressure sensor assembly for measuring electrical signals.
  • a preferred embodiment of the first to third pressure detecting elements 412, 422, and 432 is an electric contact pressure gauge whose range can be selected according to the holding pressure, the vacuum setting requirement, and the working pressure range of the high pressure gas tank, respectively.
  • the high pressure gas tank 110 is further connected with a safety relief valve 160, and the high pressure gas tank 110 and the constant pressure gas are connected.
  • the nitrogen pressure difference of the tank 120 exceeds the safe range in which the constant pressure valve 111 maintains a constant pressure
  • the nitrogen gas of the high pressure gas tank 110 is automatically released through the safety relief valve 160, thereby ensuring the nitrogen pressure in the high pressure gas tank 110, which can satisfy the constant pressure.
  • Valve 111 maintains a constant pressure requirement.
  • the vacuum pump is a variable frequency control vacuum pump
  • the normally open contact c of the vacuum pump relay 423 is connected to the control input end of the frequency converter according to the vacuum pumping tube.
  • the number of vacuum units to be connected to the road automatically changes the frequency of the vacuum pump.
  • FIG. 3 An embodiment of the control method for the nitrogen-filled pressure-preserving leak detecting device of the heat pump-refrigeration unit of the present invention is as shown in FIG. 3, and includes the following steps:
  • the high pressure gas tank 110 automatically supplies air to the constant pressure gas tank 120 through the constant pressure valve 111 to ensure that the pressure of the constant pressure gas tank is stable when nitrogen is filled; the opening degree of the constant pressure valve 111 follows The pressure difference between the high pressure gas tank 110 and the constant pressure gas tank 120 increases and becomes larger, thereby ensuring the pressure stability of the constant pressure gas tank 120 during the nitrogen filling process;
  • S220 adjusting the capacity of the gas in the high pressure gas tank 110 by using the expanded gas tank 140, so that the high pressure gas tank 110 and the constant pressure gas tank 120 maintain a predetermined pressure difference range, preferably, the nitrogen gas of the high pressure gas tank 110 and the constant pressure gas tank 120.
  • the pressure difference is maintained between 0.2 MPa and 0.4 MPa;
  • S240 Turn on the air supply switch 431 of the air supply control unit 430. If the third pressure detecting element 432 detects that the pressure of the high pressure gas tank is lower than the minimum working pressure: the normally closed contact of the first pressure detecting element 432 is closed, and the air is supplied. The solenoid valve 151 is opened, and the nitrogen gas in the nitrogen cylinder 150 is replenished into the high pressure gas tank 110 through the supplemental gas solenoid valve 151, so that the high pressure gas tank 110 and the constant pressure gas tank 120 are returned to a predetermined pressure difference range;
  • the high pressure gas tank 110 If the nitrogen pressure of the high pressure gas tank 110 exceeds the maximum allowable working pressure: the high pressure gas tank automatically depressurizes through the safety relief valve, so that the high pressure gas tank pressure is lower than the maximum allowable working pressure; preferably, the highest allowable capacity of the high pressure gas tank 110 The working air pressure is equal to the constant air pressure of the constant pressure gas tank 120 + 0.6 MPa;
  • suction switch 421 of the pumping control branch is turned on, the normally closed contact of the second pressure detecting element 422 in the closed state, the pumping solenoid valve 132 corresponding to the vacuuming line is turned on, and the vacuum pump relay 423 is normally open.
  • the contact c is closed, and the vacuum pump 130 is activated to draw the gas in the vacuum pumping unit into the high pressure gas tank 110;
  • the heat pump-refrigeration unit of the present invention is provided with a nitrogen-filled pressure-preserving leak detecting device and a control method and device thereof, which are supplemented by a constant pressure valve Inflatable body to constant pressure gas tank, through the constant pressure gas tank centralized gas supply, to ensure the stability of the constant pressure gas tank pressure, can be applied to the product line of the heat pump-refrigeration unit, replacing the existing pressure check of the gas cylinder inflation Leak mode, to meet the needs of small-volume and multi-variety modern flexible production lines, provide technical support for product quality inspection, and ensure the quality of heat pump-refrigeration unit.
  • the heat pump-refrigeration unit of the present invention is provided with a nitrogen-filled pressure-preserving leak detecting device and a control method and device thereof, and a plurality of devices are simultaneously vacuumed by a vacuum pump, and the pressure detecting element is used to detect and control the degree of vacuum, and the gas in the device is used. Transferred to the high-pressure gas tank, the vacuuming and gas recovery are reasonably concentrated together, and the vacuum pump frequency control is adopted to adapt to the demand of different quantities of vacuuming equipment, which not only solves the complete recovery of nitrogen in the pressure-holding leak detection, but also avoids nitrogen gas.
  • the waste can greatly reduce the equipment cost and operating cost of the product quality inspection, and has a positive technical effect.
  • the technical scheme of the invention can be applied to the design and manufacture field of the heat pump-refrigeration unit, and provides the nitrogen-filled pressure-proof leak detection device and the control method thereof for the quality inspection of the heat pump-refrigeration unit, and can be widely applied to the industrialization of the heat pump-refrigeration unit equipment. Quality inspection and quality control of the production process.

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Abstract

一种热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备及其控制方法，充氮保压检漏设备包括高压气罐（110）、恒压气罐（120）、真空泵（130）、膨胀气罐（140）、氮气瓶（150）、充氮管路、抽真空管路、高压补气管路和控制装置（400）；充氮管路包括串联连接的充氮单向阀（121）、充氮电磁阀（122）和充氮快速接头（123），充氮管路上设有第一压力检测元件（412）；高压补气管路包括补气电磁阀（151），高压气罐（110）上设有第三压力检测元件（432）；抽真空管路包括串联连接的抽气快速接头（133）、抽气电磁阀（132）和抽气单向阀（131），抽真空管路上设有第二压力检测元件（422）。该充氮保压检漏设备及其控制方法利用恒压阀（111）从高压气罐（110）补充气体到恒压气罐（120），通过恒压气罐（120）对待测机组集中供气，利用第一压力检测元件（412）检测控制充气压力，充气速度快，保压压力偏差小,可满足小批量多品种的现代柔性生产线的需要。

Description

一种热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备及其控制方法和装置
本申请要求以下中国发明专利申请的优先权：
1.申请日2014年6月24日、申请号201410287070.X的中国发明专利申请
2.申请日2014年6月24日、申请号201410287726.8的中国发明专利申请
技术领域
本发明涉及低沸点气体为制冷剂的压缩机器、装置或系统的质量检测，尤其涉及一种用于热泵-制冷机组或空调、制冷设备的热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备及其控制方法和装置。
背景技术
在热泵和制冷系统的生产过程中，必须进行泄漏检测，以确保其品质，由于液氮的温度低、制取容易，并且成本低，无污染，因此，很多企业在热泵和制冷系统的生产过程中，都是采用充氮保压检漏法对热泵-制冷机组进行检漏，检漏结束后直接将氮气排放到周围空气中，不进行回收利用，每天生产几十台机器，造成大量氮气浪费，而且氮气直接排放在生产线周围，虽然氮气本身对人体的危害很小，但当浓度升高，造成空气中氧气浓度下降至19.5％以下时，会形成缺氧的环境，产生窒息作用，有可能造成人身伤害。同时，大部分企业使用的是多个氮气瓶充注保压，当瓶内的气体压力低于需要保压的压力时，剩余的氮气就无法利用。因此，在热泵和制冷系统的检漏过程中，必须对排放和剩余氮气进行回收利用，提高氮气的利用率，避免资源浪费。
中国发明专利申请“一种制冷系统充氮保压检漏装置及方法”(发明专利申请号201320455044.9，公开号CN103487214A)公开了一种制冷系统充氮保压检漏装置及方法，在制冷系统保压完成后，将其管路中的氮气通过氮气回收管路充入到另一个待检漏的制冷系统中，当待检漏的制冷系统中的保压压力值达不到设定要求时，再通过充氮管路充入高压氮气，直到待检制冷系统中的压力达到设定的保压压力值时，停止充氮，对待检制冷系统进行保压。中国发明专利申请“一种用于制冷系统保压检漏后的氮气回收装置及方法”(发明专利申请号201320456988.8，公开 号CN103471776A)公开了一种用于制冷系统保压检漏后的氮气回收装置及方法，在制冷系统保压完成后，将其管路中的氮气通过氮气回收管路排放到另一个待检漏的制冷系统中，当己完成检漏的制冷系统中的压力低于0.1MPa时，吸气泵停止工作,完成氮气的回收，并拆下所述软管。
虽然上述现有技术方案可以直接将己完成检漏的制冷系统中的氮气充入到下一个待检的制冷系统中，实现了对保压检漏后氮气的回收利用,避免了氮气的浪费,并且可以在氮气回收的同时直接对下一个待检的制冷系统进行保压。但是，在实际生产过程中，生产线上的产品型号和批量是不断变化的，尤其是对于小批量多品种的现代柔性生产线，同一时段待检漏的系统和己完成检漏的系统经常属于不同型号或不同批量的产品，因此，己完成检漏系统排放的氮气量与待检漏系统的充氮量大多数情况下并不相等，上述将己完成检漏系统排放的氮气直接转移到待检漏系统的现有技术方案，很难实现有效的氮气回收利用功能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是要提供一种热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备，可以解决热泵-制冷机组柔性生产线的充氮保压检漏和氮气回收的技术问题。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案是：
一种热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备，用于热泵或制冷机组生产线的充氮保压检漏和氮气回收，所述的热泵或制冷机组生产线包括容纳待检测机组的加压检漏工作区和容纳待抽真空机组的抽真空工作区，其特征在于：
所述的充氮保压检漏设备包括高压气罐，恒压气罐,真空泵，膨胀气罐和氮气瓶，m条连接到加压检漏工作区的充氮管路，n条连接待到抽真空工作区的抽真空管路，连接高压气罐和氮气瓶的高压补气管路，以及用于控制充氮压力和真空度的控制装置；其中，m和n为大于1的正整数，根据热泵或制冷机组生产线的生产能力确定；
所述的充氮管路包括依次串联连接的充氮单向阀，充氮电磁阀和充氮快速接头；在充氮电磁阀和充氮快速接头之间的管路上设有第一压力检测元件；各充氮管路的充氮单向阀的入口端，并列连接到恒压气罐；进入加压检漏工作区的待检测机组，分别连接到各充氮管路的充氮快速接头，恒压气罐中的氮气通过各充氮管路，以恒定的压力为加压检漏工作区中的待检测机组自动充氮；
高压气罐通过恒压阀连接到恒压气罐，通过恒压阀对恒压气罐自动补气，保证恒压气罐在充氮时压力稳定；膨胀气罐连接到高压气罐，当高压气罐中的气体容量 因泄漏减少时，膨胀气罐中的气体自动补充到高压气罐中，从而保证高压气罐中的氮气压力，能够满足恒压阀维持恒定压力的要求；
所述的高压补气管路包括补气电磁阀，高压气罐上设有第三压力检测元件，氮气瓶中的氮气通过补气电磁阀自动补充到高压气罐中；
所述的抽真空管路包括依次串联连接的抽气快速接头，抽气电磁阀和抽气单向阀；在抽气电磁阀和抽气快速接头之间的管路上设有第二压力检测元件；各抽真空管路的抽气单向阀的出口端，并列连接到真空泵的进气端，真空泵的排气端连接到高压气罐；完成保压检漏进入抽真空工作区的待抽真空机组，通过各抽真空管路将所排放的氮气回收到高压气罐中；
所述的控制装置包括充氮控制单元，抽气控制单元和补气控制单元；对应于每一条充氮管路，充氮控制单元设置一条由充氮开关，第一压力检测元件的常闭触点，以及充氮电磁阀的供电线圈串联连接组成的充氮控制支路；对应于每一条抽真空管路，抽气控制单元设置一条抽气控制支路；所述的抽气控制支路包括依次串联连接的抽气开关，第二压力检测元件的常闭触点和抽气电磁阀的供电线圈，以及并联连接在供电线圈两端的真空泵继电器；各充氮控制支路和抽气控制支路并联连接在供电电源的L和N端之间；补气控制单元由补气开关，第三压力检测元件的常闭触点，以及补气电磁阀的供电线圈串联组成。
本发明的热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备的一种较佳的技术方案，其特征在于所述的高压气罐上还连接有安全泄压阀，当高压气罐与恒压气罐的氮气压差超出恒压阀维持恒定压力的安全范围时，高压气罐的氮气通过安全泄压阀自动泄压，从而保证高压气罐中的氮气压力，能够满足恒压阀维持恒定压力的要求。
本发明的热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备的一种更好的技术方案，其特征在于所述的真空泵为变频控制真空泵，真空泵继电器的常开触点连接到变频器的控制输入端，根据抽真空管路连接的待抽真空机组数量，自动改变真空泵的频率。
本发明的另一个目的是要提供一种用于热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备的控制方法，本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案是：
一种用于上述热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备的控制方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
S100：将进入加压检漏工作区的m套待检测机组，分别通过充氮快速接头连接到一条空闲的充氮管路；
S120：接通充氮控制支路的充氮开关，打开对应充氮管路上的充氮电磁阀，利 用恒压气罐自动对待检测机组进行充氮；
S140：若第一压力检测元件检测到充氮压力达到预设保压值：第一压力检测元件的常闭触点断开，自动关闭对应管路上的充氮电磁阀；通过分离充氮快速接头，使该机组脱离对应的充氮管路，进入保压检漏状态；
S200：在机组充氮过程中，高压气罐通过恒压阀对恒压气罐自动补气，保证恒压气罐在充氮时压力稳定；恒压阀的开度大小随着高压气罐和恒压气罐之间的压差增加而变大，从而保证恒压气罐在充氮过程中压力稳定；
S220：利用膨胀气罐调节高压气罐中气体的容量，使高压气罐与恒压气罐保持预定的氮气压差范围；
S240：接通补气控制单元的补气开关，若第三压力检测元件检测到高压气罐的压力低于最低工作气压：第一压力检测元件的常闭触点闭合，补气电磁阀打开，氮气瓶中的氮气通过补气电磁阀补充到高压气罐中，使高压气罐与恒压气罐回复到预定的压差范围内；
S300：将保压检漏结束送入抽真空工作区的n套待抽真空机组，分别通过抽气快速接头连接到一条空闲的抽真空管路；
S320：接通抽气控制支路的抽气开关，处于闭合状态的第二压力检测元件的常闭触点，接通对应抽真空管路上的抽气电磁阀，真空泵继电器的常开触点闭合，启动真空泵将待抽真空机组中的气体抽入高压气罐中；
S340：若第二压力检测元件检测到真空度达到设定要求：第二压力检测元件的常闭触点断开，自动关闭对应抽真空管路中的抽气电磁阀，该机组抽真空结束；通过分离抽气快速接头，使该机组脱离对应的抽真空管路；
S360：若所有连接在抽真空管路中的机组全部抽真空结束：所有各抽气控制支路中的真空泵继电器的常开触点全部断开，自动关闭真空泵。
本发明的热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备的控制方法的一种较佳的技术方案，其特征在于步骤S240之后还包括以下步骤：
S260：若高压气罐的氮气压力超过高压气罐的最高允许工作气压：高压气罐通过安全泄压阀自动泄压，使高压气罐压力低于最高允许工作气压。
本发明的热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备的控制方法的一种改进的技术方案，其特征在于所述的步骤S360还包括以下变频控制的动作：
S361：根据真空泵继电器的常开触点的状态判断当前连接到抽真空管路的待抽真空机组数量；
S362：根据连接到抽真空管路的待抽真空机组数量，改变真空泵的工作频率，以适应不同数量抽真空机组抽气量的需要。
本发明的第三个目的是要提供一种使用上述热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备的充氮保压检漏控制装置，本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案是：
一种使用上述控制方法的充氮保压检漏设备控制装置，用于所述热泵-制冷机组检漏设备的充氮保压抽真空控制，其特征在于：
所述的控制装置包括充氮控制单元，抽气控制单元和补气控制单元；
对应于每一条充氮管路，充氮控制单元设置一条充氮控制支路；所述的充氮控制支路由充氮开关，第一压力检测元件的常闭触点，以及充氮电磁阀的供电线圈串联连接组成；各充氮控制支路并联连接在供电电源的L和N端之间；
对应于每一条抽真空管路，抽气控制单元设置一条抽气控制支路；所述的抽气控制支路包括依次串联连接的抽气开关，第二压力检测元件的常闭触点和抽气电磁阀的供电线圈，以及并联连接在供电线圈两端的真空泵继电器；各抽气控制支路并联连接在供电电源的L和N端之间；真空泵继电器的常开触点的一端，分别通过各抽气控制支路的抽气开关，连接到供电电源的L端，所有常开触点的另一端，并接在真空泵的供电输入端；
补气控制单元由补气开关，第三压力检测元件的常闭触点，以及补气电磁阀的供电线圈串联组成。
本发明的充氮保压检漏控制装置的一种较佳的技术方案，其特征在于所述的第一压力检测元件、第二压力检测元件或第三压力检测元件为电接点压力表或者压力继电器。
本发明的充氮保压检漏控制装置的一种改进的技术方案，其特征在于所述的真空泵为变频控制真空泵，真空泵继电器的常开触点连接到变频器的控制输入端，根据抽真空管路连接的待抽真空机组数量，自动改变真空泵的频率。
与现有技术比较，本发明的优点是：
1、本发明的热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备及其控制方法，利用恒压阀补充气体到恒压气罐，通过恒压气罐集中供气，保证恒压气罐压力的稳定，充气的速度快，利用压力检测元件检测控制充气压力，保压的压力偏差小，可取代一个个气瓶充气的现有保压检漏模式，满足小批量多品种的现代柔性生产线的需要。
2、本发明的热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备及其控制方法，通过一台真空泵对多台设备同时进行抽真空，利用压力检测元件检测控制真空度，将设备中的气体 转移到高压气罐中，将抽真空和气体回收合理地集中到一起，通过真空泵变频控制，适应不同数量抽真空设备的需求，既解决了在保压检漏时对氮气进行全部回收，避免氮气的浪费的技术问题，又可以大大降低产品质检的设备成本和运行成本。
3、本发明的热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备及其控制方法，采用膨胀气罐调节高压气罐中气体的量，从而调节气罐中气体的压力。当高压气罐的压力变化超过膨胀气罐的调节范围时，通过补气电磁阀和安全泄压阀，进行高压气罐中的气体量的调节，利用压力检测元件实现自动控制，结构合理，安全、方便、节约生产空间。
附图概述
图1是本发明的热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备的结构示意图；
图2是本发明的热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备的控制装置电原理图；
图3是本发明的热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备的控制流程图。
以上图中的各部件的标号：100-充氮保压检漏设备，110-高压气罐，120-恒压气罐，121-充氮单向阀，122-充氮电磁阀，123-充氮快速接头，130-真空泵，131-抽气单向阀，132--抽气电磁阀，133-抽气快速接头，111-恒压阀，150-氮气瓶，151-补气电磁阀，140-膨胀气罐，160-安全泄压阀，200-加压检漏工作区，201～20m-待检测机组，300-抽真空工作区，301～30n-待抽真空机组，400-控制装置，410-充氮控制单元，411-充氮开关，412-第一压力检测元件，420-抽气控制单元，421-抽气开关，422-第二压力检测元件，423-真空泵继电器，430-补气控制单元，431-补气开关，432-第三压力检测元件。
具体实施方式
为了能更好地理解本发明的上述技术方案，下面结合附图和实施例进行进一步地详细描述。
本发明的热泵制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备，用于热泵或制冷机组生产线的充氮保压检漏和氮气回收，根据图1所示的实施例，所述的热泵或制冷机组生产线包括容纳m套待检测机组的加压检漏工作区200和容纳n套待抽真空机组的抽真空工作区300，所述的充氮保压检漏设备100包括高压气罐110，恒压气罐120,真空泵130，膨胀气罐140和氮气瓶150，m条连接到加压检漏工作区200的充氮管路，n条连接待到抽真空工作区300的抽真空管路，连接高压气罐110和氮气瓶150的高压补气管路，以及用于控制充氮压力和真空度的控制装置400；其中，m和n为大于1 的正整数，可根据热泵或制冷机组生产线的生产能力确定；
所述的充氮管路包括依次串联连接的充氮单向阀121，充氮电磁阀122和充氮快速接头123；在充氮电磁阀122和充氮快速接头123之间的管路上设有第一压力检测元件412；各充氮管路的充氮单向阀121的入口端，并列连接到恒压气罐120；进入加压检漏工作区200的待检测机组201～20m，分别连接到各充氮管路的充氮快速接头123，恒压气罐120中的氮气通过各充氮管路，以恒定的压力同时为加压检漏工作区200中的各待检测机组201～20m自动充氮；
高压气罐110通过恒压阀111连接到恒压气罐120，通过恒压阀111对恒压气罐120自动补气，保证恒压气罐在充氮时压力稳定；膨胀气罐140连接到高压气罐110，当高压气罐110中的气体容量因泄漏减少时，膨胀气罐140中的气体自动补充到高压气罐110中，从而保证高压气罐110中的氮气压力，能够满足恒压阀111维持恒定压力的要求；
所述的高压补气管路包括补气电磁阀151；高压气罐110上设有第三压力检测元件432；氮气瓶150中的氮气通过补气电磁阀151自动补充到高压气罐110中；
所述的抽真空管路包括依次串联连接的抽气快速接头133，抽气电磁阀132和抽气单向阀131；在抽气电磁阀132和抽气快速接头133之间的管路上设有第二压力检测元件422；各抽真空管路的抽气单向阀131的出口端，并列连接到真空泵130的进气端，真空泵130的排气端连接到高压气罐110；完成保压检漏进入抽真空工作区300的待抽真空机组301～30n，通过各抽真空管路将所排放的氮气回收到高压气罐110中；
本发明的热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备的控制装置400如图2所示，包括充氮控制单元410，抽气控制单元420和补气控制单元430；其中：
对应于每一条充氮管路，充氮控制单元410设置一条充氮控制支路；所述的充氮控制支路由充氮开关411，第一压力检测元件412的常闭触点，以及充氮电磁阀122的供电线圈122x串联连接组成；各充氮控制支路并联连接在供电电源的L和N端之间；第一压力检测元件412检测充氮管路的压力，并在充氮压力达到预设保压值时自动关闭对应的充氮电磁阀122；
对应于每一条抽真空管路，抽气控制单元420设置一条抽气控制支路；所述的抽气控制支路包括依次串联连接的抽气开关421，第二压力检测元件422的常闭触点和抽气电磁阀132的供电线圈132x，以及并联连接在供电线圈132x两端的真空泵继电器423；各抽气控制支路并联连接在供电电源的L和N端之间；真空泵继电 器423的常开触点c的一端，分别通过各抽气控制支路的抽气开关421，连接到供电电源的L端，所有常开触点c的另一端，并接在真空泵130的供电输入端；第二压力检测元件422检测抽真空管路的真空度，并在真空度达到设定要求时自动关闭对应的抽气电磁阀132；当任何一路抽气控制支路处于接通状态时，真空泵继电器423的线圈X通电，通过对应的常开触点c加电启动真空泵130；当所有各路抽气控制支路均处于关闭状态时，真空泵130自动停止；
补气控制单元430由补气开关431，第三压力检测元件432的常闭触点，以及补气电磁阀151的供电线圈151x串联组成；第三压力检测元件432检测高压气罐110的压力，并在高压气罐110的氮气压力不能满足恒压阀111维持恒定压力的要求时，自动打开补气电磁阀151。
本发明的热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备控制装置的第一至第三压力检测元件412、422和432可以采用电接点压力表或压力继电器，或者类似的可以将气压信号转换为开关量电信号的压力传感器组件。第一至第三压力检测元件412、422和432的优选实施例是电接点压力表，其量程范围可分别根据保压压力、真空度设定要求和高压气罐的工作压力范围选择。
根据图1所示的本发明的热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备的实施例，所述的高压气罐110上还连接有安全泄压阀160，当高压气罐110与恒压气罐120的氮气压差超出恒压阀111维持恒定压力的安全范围时，高压气罐110的氮气通过安全泄压阀160自动泄压，从而保证高压气罐110中的氮气压力，能够满足恒压阀111维持恒定压力的要求。
根据本发明的热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备的一个实施例，所述的真空泵为变频控制真空泵，真空泵继电器423的常开触点c连接到变频器的控制输入端，根据抽真空管路连接的待抽真空机组数量，自动改变真空泵的频率。
本发明的用于热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备的控制方法的一个实施例如图3所示，包括以下步骤：
S100：将进入加压检漏工作区200的m套待检测机组201～20m，分别通过充氮快速接头123连接到一条空闲的充氮管路；
S120：接通充氮控制支路的充氮开关411，打开对应充氮管路上的充氮电磁阀122，利用恒压气罐120自动对待检测机组进行充氮；
S140：若第一压力检测元件412检测到充氮压力达到预设保压值：第一压力检测元件412的常闭触点断开，自动关闭对应管路上的充氮电磁阀122；通过分离充 氮快速接头123，使该机组脱离对应的充氮管路，进入保压检漏状态；
S200：在机组充氮过程中，高压气罐110通过恒压阀111对恒压气罐120自动补气，保证恒压气罐在充氮时压力稳定；恒压阀111的开度大小随着高压气罐110和恒压气罐120之间的压差增加而变大，从而保证恒压气罐120在充氮过程中压力稳定；
S220：利用膨胀气罐140调节高压气罐110中气体的容量，使高压气罐110与恒压气罐120保持预定的压差范围，优选地，高压气罐110与恒压气罐120的氮气压差维持在0.2MPa～0.4MPa之间；
S240：接通补气控制单元430的补气开关431，若第三压力检测元件432检测到高压气罐的压力低于最低工作气压：第一压力检测元件432的常闭触点闭合，补气电磁阀151打开，氮气瓶150中的氮气通过补气电磁阀151补充到高压气罐110中，使高压气罐110与恒压气罐120回复到预定的压差范围内；
S260：若高压气罐110的氮气压力超过最高允许工作气压：高压气罐通过安全泄压阀自动泄压，使高压气罐压力低于最高允许工作气压；优选地，高压气罐110的最高允许工作气压等于恒压气罐120的恒定气压+0.6MPa；
S300：将保压检漏结束送入抽真空工作区300的n套待抽真空机组301～30n，分别通过抽气快速接头133连接到一条空闲的抽真空管路；
S320：接通抽气控制支路的抽气开关421，处于闭合状态的第二压力检测元件422的常闭触点，接通对应抽真空管路上的抽气电磁阀132，真空泵继电器423的常开触点c闭合，启动真空泵130将待抽真空机组中的气体抽入高压气罐110中；
S340：若第二压力检测元件422检测到真空度达到设定要求：第二压力检测元件422的常闭触点断开，自动关闭对应抽真空管路中的抽气电磁阀132，该机组抽真空结束；通过分离抽气快速接头133，使该机组脱离对应的抽真空管路；
S360：若所有连接在抽真空管路中的机组全部抽真空结束：所有各抽气控制支路中的真空泵继电器423的常开触点c全部断开，自动关闭真空泵130。
以上的各实施例仅仅是用来解释和说明本发明的，而并非用作对本发明技术方案的限定；本领域的普通技术人员应当认识到，只要在本发明的本质精髓范围内，对以上实施例的变化、变形，都将落在本发明权利要求所要求的保护范围内。
工业实用性
本发明的热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备及其控制方法和装置，利用恒压阀补 充气体到恒压气罐，通过恒压气罐集中供气，保证恒压气罐压力的稳定，可以应用在热泵-制冷机组的产品生产线上，取代一个个气瓶充气的现有保压检漏模式，满足小批量多品种的现代柔性生产线的需要，为产品的质量检验提供技术支持，保证热泵-制冷机组整机质量。
同时，本发明的热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备及其控制方法和装置，通过一台真空泵对多台设备同时进行抽真空，利用压力检测元件检测控制真空度，将设备中的气体转移到高压气罐中，将抽真空和气体回收合理地集中到一起，通过真空泵变频控制，适应不同数量抽真空设备的需求，既解决了在保压检漏时对氮气进行全部回收，避免氮气的浪费，又可以大大降低产品质检的设备成本和运行成本，产生了积极的技术效果。
本发明的技术方案可适用于制造热泵-制冷机组的设计制造领域，为热泵-制冷机组的质量检测提供充氮保压检漏设备及其控制方法，可广泛适用于热泵-制冷机组设备的工业化生产过程的质量检测与品质控制。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备，用于热泵或制冷机组生产线的充氮保压检漏和氮气回收，所述的热泵或制冷机组生产线包括容纳待检测机组的加压检漏工作区和容纳待抽真空机组的抽真空工作区，其特征在于：
    所述的充氮保压检漏设备包括高压气罐，恒压气罐,真空泵，膨胀气罐和氮气瓶，m条连接到加压检漏工作区的充氮管路，n条连接待到抽真空工作区的抽真空管路，连接高压气罐和氮气瓶的高压补气管路，以及用于控制充氮压力和真空度的控制装置；其中，m和n为大于1的正整数，根据热泵或制冷机组生产线的生产能力确定；
    所述的充氮管路包括依次串联连接的充氮单向阀，充氮电磁阀和充氮快速接头；在充氮电磁阀和充氮快速接头之间的管路上设有第一压力检测元件；各充氮管路的充氮单向阀的入口端，并列连接到恒压气罐；进入加压检漏工作区的待检测机组，分别连接到各充氮管路的充氮快速接头，恒压气罐中的氮气通过各充氮管路，以恒定的压力为加压检漏工作区中的待检测机组自动充氮；
    高压气罐通过恒压阀连接到恒压气罐，通过恒压阀对恒压气罐自动补气，保证恒压气罐在充氮时压力稳定；膨胀气罐连接到高压气罐，当高压气罐中的气体容量因泄漏减少时，膨胀气罐中的气体自动补充到高压气罐中，从而保证高压气罐中的氮气压力，能够满足恒压阀维持恒定压力的要求；
    所述的高压补气管路包括补气电磁阀，高压气罐上设有第三压力检测元件，氮气瓶中的氮气通过补气电磁阀自动补充到高压气罐中；
    所述的抽真空管路包括依次串联连接的抽气快速接头，抽气电磁阀和抽气单向阀；在抽气电磁阀和抽气快速接头之间的管路上设有第二压力检测元件；各抽真空管路的抽气单向阀的出口端，并列连接到真空泵的进气端，真空泵的排气端连接到高压气罐；完成保压检漏进入抽真空工作区的待抽真空机组，通过各抽真空管路将所排放的氮气回收到高压气罐中；
    所述的控制装置包括充氮控制单元，抽气控制单元和补气控制单元；对应于每一条充氮管路，充氮控制单元设置一条由充氮开关，第一压力检测元件的常闭触点，以及充 氮电磁阀的供电线圈串联连接组成的充氮控制支路；对应于每一条抽真空管路，抽气控制单元设置一条抽气控制支路；所述的抽气控制支路包括依次串联连接的抽气开关，第二压力检测元件的常闭触点和抽气电磁阀的供电线圈，以及并联连接在供电线圈两端的真空泵继电器；各充氮控制支路和抽气控制支路并联连接在供电电源的L和N端之间；补气控制单元由补气开关，第三压力检测元件的常闭触点，以及补气电磁阀的供电线圈串联组成。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备，其特征在于所述的高压气罐上还连接有安全泄压阀，当高压气罐与恒压气罐的氮气压差超出恒压阀维持恒定压力的安全范围时，高压气罐的氮气通过安全泄压阀自动泄压，从而保证高压气罐中的氮气压力，能够满足恒压阀维持恒定压力的要求。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备，其特征在于所述的真空泵为变频控制真空泵，真空泵继电器的常开触点连接到变频器的控制输入端，根据抽真空管路连接的待抽真空机组数量，自动改变真空泵的频率。
  4. 一种用于权利要求1、2或3所述的热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备的控制方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
    S100：将进入加压检漏工作区的m套待检测机组，分别通过充氮快速接头连接到一条空闲的充氮管路；
    S120：接通充氮控制支路的充氮开关，打开对应充氮管路上的充氮电磁阀，利用恒压气罐自动对待检测机组进行充氮；
    S140：若第一压力检测元件检测到充氮压力达到预设保压值：第一压力检测元件的常闭触点断开，自动关闭对应管路上的充氮电磁阀；通过分离充氮快速接头，使该机组脱离对应的充氮管路，进入保压检漏状态；
    S200：在机组充氮过程中，高压气罐通过恒压阀对恒压气罐自动补气，保证恒压气罐在充氮时压力稳定；恒压阀的开度大小随着高压气罐和恒压气罐之间的压差增加而变大，从而保证恒压气罐在充氮过程中压力稳定；
    S220：利用膨胀气罐调节高压气罐中气体的容量，使高压气罐与恒压气罐保持预定的氮气压差范围；
    S240：接通补气控制单元的补气开关，若第三压力检测元件检测到高压气罐的压力低于最低工作气压：第一压力检测元件的常闭触点闭合，补气电磁阀打开，氮气瓶中的氮气通过补气电磁阀补充到高压气罐中，使高压气罐与恒压气罐回复到预定的压差范围内；
    S300：将保压检漏结束送入抽真空工作区的n套待抽真空机组，分别通过抽气快速接头连接到一条空闲的抽真空管路；
    S320：接通抽气控制支路的抽气开关，处于闭合状态的第二压力检测元件的常闭触点，接通对应抽真空管路上的抽气电磁阀，真空泵继电器的常开触点闭合，启动真空泵将待抽真空机组中的气体抽入高压气罐中；
    S340：若第二压力检测元件检测到真空度达到设定要求：第二压力检测元件的常闭触点断开，自动关闭对应抽真空管路中的抽气电磁阀，该机组抽真空结束；通过分离抽气快速接头，使该机组脱离对应的抽真空管路；
    S360：若所有连接在抽真空管路中的机组全部抽真空结束：所有各抽气控制支路中的真空泵继电器的常开触点全部断开，自动关闭真空泵。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备的控制方法，用于权利要求2所述的热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备，其特征在于步骤S240之后还包括以下步骤：
    S260：若高压气罐的氮气压力超过高压气罐的最高允许工作气压：高压气罐通过安全泄压阀自动泄压，使高压气罐压力低于最高允许工作气压。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的热泵-制冷机组充氮保压检漏设备的控制方法，其特征在于所述的步骤S360还包括以下变频控制的动作：
    S361：根据真空泵继电器的常开触点的状态判断当前连接到抽真空管路的待抽真空机组数量；
    S362：根据连接到抽真空管路的待抽真空机组数量，改变改变真空泵的工作频率，以适应不同数量抽真空机组抽气量的需要。
  7. 一种使用权利要求4、5或6所述的控制方法的充氮保压检漏设备控制装置，用于所述热泵-制冷机组检漏设备的充氮保压抽真空控制，其特征在于：
    所述的控制装置包括充氮控制单元，抽气控制单元和补气控制单元；
    对应于每一条充氮管路，充氮控制单元设置一条充氮控制支路；所述的充氮控制支路由充氮开关，第一压力检测元件的常闭触点，以及充氮电磁阀的供电线圈串联连接组成；各充氮控制支路并联连接在供电电源的L和N端之间；
    对应于每一条抽真空管路，抽气控制单元设置一条抽气控制支路；所述的抽气控制支路包括依次串联连接的抽气开关，第二压力检测元件的常闭触点和抽气电磁阀的供电线圈，以及并联连接在供电线圈两端的真空泵继电器；各抽气控制支路并联连接在供电电源的L和N端之间；真空泵继电器的常开触点的一端，分别通过各抽气控制支路的抽气开关，连接到供电电源的L端，所有常开触点的另一端，并接在真空泵的供电输入端；
    补气控制单元由补气开关，第三压力检测元件的常闭触点，以及补气电磁阀的供电线圈串联组成。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的充氮保压检漏设备控制装置，其特征在于所述的第一压力检测元件、第二压力检测元件或第三压力检测元件为电接点压力表或者压力继电器。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的充氮保压检漏设备控制装置，其特征在于所述的真空泵为变频控制真空泵，真空泵继电器的常开触点连接到变频器的控制输入端，根据抽真空管路连接的待抽真空机组数量，自动改变真空泵的频率。
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CN114001873A (zh) * 2021-10-18 2022-02-01 中航通飞华南飞机工业有限公司 一种飞机防冰除雨系统气密性检查一体设备及检测方法
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CN114542983A (zh) * 2022-03-11 2022-05-27 苏州协同创新智能制造装备有限公司 球阀充气检测装置的管路控制方法
CN114719182A (zh) * 2022-04-24 2022-07-08 国家电网有限公司 一种用于六氟化硫电气设备的补气装置及补气方法
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CN108332508A (zh) * 2018-04-09 2018-07-27 广东省输变电工程有限公司 一种结构可分体的sf6气体回收装置
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