WO2015151848A1 - 二次電池状態検出装置および二次電池状態検出方法 - Google Patents
二次電池状態検出装置および二次電池状態検出方法 Download PDFInfo
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- secondary battery
- state detection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/16—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to battery ageing, e.g. to the number of charging cycles or the state of health [SoH]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/374—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] with means for correcting the measurement for temperature or ageing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/378—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] specially adapted for the type of battery or accumulator
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4285—Testing apparatus
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/005—Detection of state of health [SOH]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/545—Temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/547—Voltage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/549—Current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a secondary battery state detection device and a secondary battery state detection method.
- the secondary battery mounted on the vehicle may be replaced with a new secondary battery depending on the lifetime.
- the battery is replaced with a new secondary battery, it is necessary to newly update the element value of the equivalent circuit and update the usage history such as the integrated current value of the secondary battery in order to accurately detect the state.
- the usage history such as the integrated current value of the secondary battery
- An object of the present invention is to provide a secondary battery state detection device and a secondary battery state detection method capable of accurately detecting that a secondary battery has been replaced.
- the present invention provides a secondary battery state detection device for detecting a state of a secondary battery mounted on a vehicle, based on the voltage and current of the secondary battery.
- a learning means for learning an element value of an equivalent circuit is compared with an element value obtained by learning at different timings by the learning means, and when the at least one element value changes by a predetermined threshold value or more, the secondary Determining means for determining that the battery has been replaced. According to such a configuration, it is possible to accurately detect that the secondary battery has been replaced.
- the determination means when the electric double layer capacity constituting the equivalent circuit changes by a predetermined threshold value or more and the change in reaction resistance is a predetermined threshold value or less, the determination means has two kinds of the same kind having different deterioration degrees. It is determined that the secondary battery has been replaced. According to such a configuration, it can be accurately determined that a deteriorated secondary battery is replaced with a new secondary battery of the same type.
- the present invention is characterized in that the determination means determines that the secondary battery has been replaced with a different type when the reaction resistance constituting the equivalent circuit has changed by a predetermined threshold value or more. According to such a configuration, it can be accurately determined that a different type of secondary battery has been replaced by the driver.
- the present invention includes an erasing unit that erases an element value of the equivalent circuit that has been learned in the past and stored in a storage device when the determination unit determines that the secondary battery has been replaced. It is characterized by that. According to such a configuration, by erasing the element value, it can be replaced with a new equivalent circuit of a secondary battery, and the state of the replaced secondary battery can be accurately detected.
- the present invention provides the information indicating the usage history of the secondary battery stored in the storage device when the erasing unit determines that the secondary battery has been replaced by the determination unit. It is characterized by erasing. According to such a configuration, a new secondary battery can be accurately controlled by deleting the use history.
- the invention is characterized in that the element value of the equivalent circuit is corrected so as to be an element value at a reference temperature and a reference SOC. According to such a configuration, it is possible to accurately determine the presence or absence of replacement regardless of the temperature and the SOC value.
- a secondary battery state detection method for detecting a state of a secondary battery mounted on a vehicle, wherein an element value of an equivalent circuit of the secondary battery is determined based on a voltage and a current of the secondary battery.
- a learning step to learn and an element value obtained by learning at different timings in the learning step are compared, and it is determined that the secondary battery has been replaced when at least one element value has changed by a predetermined threshold value or more And a determination step. According to such a method, it is possible to accurately detect that the secondary battery has been replaced.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a secondary battery state detection device and a secondary battery state detection method capable of accurately detecting that the secondary battery has been replaced.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a power supply system of a vehicle having a secondary battery state detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the secondary battery state detection device 1 includes a control unit 10, a voltage sensor 11, a current sensor 12, a temperature sensor 13, and a discharge circuit 15 as main components, and detects the state of the secondary battery 14.
- the control unit 10 refers to outputs from the voltage sensor 11, the current sensor 12, and the temperature sensor 13 to detect the state of the secondary battery 14.
- the voltage sensor 11 detects the terminal voltage of the secondary battery 14 and notifies the control unit 10 of it.
- the current sensor 12 detects the current flowing through the secondary battery 14 and notifies the control unit 10 of the current.
- the temperature sensor 13 detects the secondary battery 14 itself or the surrounding environmental temperature, and notifies the control unit 10 of it.
- the discharge circuit 15 is configured by, for example, a semiconductor switch and a resistance element connected in series, and the secondary battery 14 is intermittently discharged when the control unit 10 performs on / off control of the semiconductor switch.
- the secondary battery 14 is composed of, for example, a lead storage battery, a nickel cadmium battery, a nickel hydrogen battery, or a lithium ion battery, and is charged by the alternator 16 to drive the starter motor 18 to start the engine and load 19 To supply power.
- the alternator 16 is driven by the engine 17 to generate AC power, convert it into DC power by a rectifier circuit, and charge the secondary battery 14.
- the engine 17 is composed of, for example, a reciprocating engine such as a gasoline engine and a diesel engine, a rotary engine, or the like.
- the engine 17 is started by a starter motor 18 and drives driving wheels via a transmission to give propulsive force to the vehicle. Drive to generate power.
- the starter motor 18 is constituted by, for example, a DC motor, and generates a rotational force by the electric power supplied from the secondary battery 14 to start the engine 17.
- the load 19 is configured by, for example, an electric steering motor, a defogger, an ignition coil, a car audio, a car navigation, and the like, and operates with electric power from the secondary battery 14.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration example of the control unit 10 shown in FIG.
- the control unit 10 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 10a, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 10b, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 10c, a communication unit 10d, and an I / F (Interface) 10e.
- the CPU 10a controls each unit based on the program 10ba stored in the ROM 10b.
- the ROM 10b is configured by a semiconductor memory or the like, and stores a program 10ba or the like.
- the RAM 10c is configured by a semiconductor memory or the like, and stores data generated when the program 10ba is executed and parameters 10ca such as a table or a mathematical expression described later.
- the communication unit 10d communicates with an upper device such as an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) and notifies the detected information to the upper device.
- the I / F 10e converts the signal supplied from the voltage sensor 11, the current sensor 12, and the temperature sensor 13 into a digital signal and takes it in, and supplies a driving current to the discharge circuit 15 to control it.
- an equivalent circuit of the secondary battery 14 having the configuration shown in FIG. 3 is obtained by learning processing. Each time the learning process is executed, the newly obtained element value is compared with the element value obtained in the past. When the element value changes discontinuously, the secondary battery 14 is replaced. judge.
- FIG. 4 shows element values of equivalent circuits of different types of secondary batteries having substantially the same size.
- four types of secondary batteries of Company A type A, Company B type A, Company C type A, and Company A type B are shown.
- Each type of secondary battery is 1 to 3.
- Three individuals are shown as samples.
- “SOH” at the right end indicates SOH at the time of measurement of each secondary battery.
- the solution resistance Rohm hardly changes depending on the type of the secondary battery.
- the electric double layer capacity C the value of Company B type A is slightly different, but other than that, it hardly changes.
- the reaction resistance Rct varies little depending on the type of secondary battery, although it does not vary greatly depending on the individual. For this reason, by observing a change in reaction resistance, it can be detected that the battery has been replaced with a different type of secondary battery.
- FIG. 5 shows element values of an equivalent circuit of a new secondary battery of the same type and a deteriorated secondary battery.
- a new article No. 1-No. Reference numeral 3 denotes a new secondary battery.
- Sulfuration degradation No. 1-No. Reference numeral 3 denotes a secondary battery that has been left for a long period of time in a low SOC state and has undergone sulfation degradation.
- Deep charge / discharge cycle deterioration No. 1-No. Reference numeral 3 denotes a secondary battery that has deteriorated due to a deep charge / discharge cycle that repeats a full charge state and a low SOC state. Idling stop cycle deterioration No. 1-No.
- FIG. 3 shows a secondary battery deteriorated by a test based on SBA S 0101 of the battery industry association standard.
- the second SOH (Ah) from the right in the figure indicates the SOH indicated by Ah, and the rightmost SOH indicates the percentage SOH.
- the electric double layer capacity C is greatly changed as compared with a new battery. Therefore, by observing the change in the electric double layer capacity, it can be detected that the secondary battery has been replaced with the same type of secondary battery having a different degree of deterioration.
- the CPU 10a for example, when a predetermined time elapses after the engine 17 is stopped or when a power-on reset is executed on the secondary battery state detection device 1, A process for learning an equivalent circuit of the secondary battery 14 is executed to obtain an element value.
- the CPU 10a obtains the element value obtained by the past process and stored in the RAM 10c, and compares it with the newly obtained element value. More specifically, the CPU 10a determines whether or not
- the secondary battery 14 has been replaced with a different type.
- the past element values stored in the RAM 10c are erased and the usage history of the secondary battery 14 is erased from the RAM 10c.
- the usage history is information such as the accumulated charge / discharge current of the secondary battery 14, the usage time, the environmental temperature history, and the travel distance, for example.
- the CPU 10a deletes these usage histories from the RAM 10c.
- the CPU 10a determines whether or not
- the above is the operation when the secondary battery 14 is replaced with a different or the same type of secondary battery 14. For example, when the power-on reset is executed without replacing the secondary battery 14, Since the element value of the equivalent circuit does not change, the element value and usage history of the equivalent circuit are not erased.
- the replacement of the secondary battery 14 since the replacement of the secondary battery 14 is detected from the change in the element value of the equivalent circuit, the replacement of the secondary battery 14 can be accurately detected. Further, it is possible to identify the replacement with the secondary battery 14 of the same type or different type depending on the type of the element value that changes. For this reason, for example, when the battery is replaced with a different type of secondary battery 14, the state detection accuracy may be lower than that of the same type of secondary battery 14. Charging control or the like can be performed.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining an example of processing executed in the embodiment shown in FIG. When this flowchart is started, the following steps are executed.
- step S10 the CPU 10a determines whether or not a power-on reset has been executed. If it is determined that the power-on reset has been executed (step S10: Yes), the process proceeds to step S12, and otherwise (step S10). : No), the process proceeds to step S11.
- the power-on reset means that the supply of power is resumed by reconnection after the connection between the secondary battery state detection device 1 and the secondary battery 14 is disconnected, and reset due to power-on occurs.
- step S11 for example, the CPU 10a refers to the charging current flowing through the secondary battery 14 by the current sensor 12, determines whether or not the engine 17 is stopped, and determines that it is stopped (step S11: Yes). Advances to step S12, and otherwise ends the process (step S11: No).
- step S12 the CPU 10a executes a learning process for an equivalent circuit (see FIG. 3) of the secondary battery 14. Details of the process in step S12 will be described later with reference to FIG.
- step S13 the CPU 10a determines whether or not the element value of the equivalent circuit has already been stored in the RAM 10c. If it has been stored (step S13: Yes), the process proceeds to step S14, and otherwise (step S13). : No), the process proceeds to step S24. For example, if the vehicle is immediately after being assembled on the assembly line, the element value of the equivalent circuit is not stored in the RAM 10c. In this case, the determination is No and the process proceeds to step S24.
- step S14 the CPU 10a acquires the reaction resistance Rctm of the equivalent circuit (calculated in the past) stored in the RAM 10c.
- step S15 the CPU 10a acquires the reaction resistance Rctl obtained by the learning process in step S12.
- step S16 the CPU 10a determines whether or not
- step S17 the CPU 10a determines that a different type of secondary battery 14 has been replaced, and proceeds to step S22.
- the host device via the communication unit 10d that it has been determined that the secondary battery 14 has been replaced with a different type of secondary battery 14, and the host device displays the determination result on the display unit or the like. May be notified.
- step S18 the CPU 10a acquires the electric double layer capacitance Cm of the equivalent circuit (calculated in the past) stored in the RAM 10c.
- step S19 the CPU 10a acquires the electric double layer capacity Cl obtained by the learning process in step S12.
- step S20 the CPU 10a determines whether or not
- step S21 the CPU 10a determines that the secondary battery 14 has been replaced with the same type, and proceeds to step S22.
- the host device displays the determination result on the display unit or the like. May be notified.
- step S22 the CPU 10a erases the element values (solution resistance Rohm, reaction resistance Rct, and electric double layer capacitance C) of the equivalent circuit stored in the RAM 10c.
- step S23 the CPU 10a deletes the usage history stored in the RAM 10c.
- the usage history includes integrated charge / discharge current, usage time, environmental temperature history, and travel distance, and the CPU 10a erases these information from the RAM 10c.
- step S24 the CPU 10a stores the element value of the equivalent circuit newly obtained by the learning process shown in step S12 in the RAM 10c, and ends the process.
- the process of step S24 is executed, after that, it is determined Yes in step S13, and the process proceeds to step S14.
- step S12 shown in FIG. 6 Details of the processing in step S12 shown in FIG. 6 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the process shown in FIG. 7 is executed, the following steps are executed.
- step S30 the CPU 10a controls the discharge circuit 15 to pulse discharge the secondary battery 14 at a predetermined frequency and a predetermined current value.
- step S31 the CPU 10a refers to the outputs of the voltage sensor 11, the current sensor 12, and the temperature sensor 13, and measures the voltage V, current I, and temperature T of the secondary battery 14 that is being discharged.
- step S32 the CPU 10a executes a learning process for an equivalent circuit of the secondary battery 14. For example, the CPU 10a obtains element values of the equivalent circuit shown in FIG. 3 based on the voltage V and current I measured in step S31 based on an algorithm such as a Kalman filter or a support vector machine.
- an algorithm such as a Kalman filter or a support vector machine.
- step S33 the CPU 10a corrects the element value of the equivalent circuit obtained in step S32 to the element value at the reference temperature (for example, 25 ° C.).
- the reference temperature for example, 25 ° C.
- a table or a mathematical expression indicating a change in each element value depending on the temperature is stored in the RAM 10c. Based on the temperature T measured in step S31 and these tables or mathematical expressions, The element value at the reference temperature can be corrected.
- step S34 the CPU 10a corrects the element value of the equivalent circuit obtained in step S32 to the element value in the reference SOC (for example, 100%).
- the correction process for example, a table or a mathematical expression indicating changes in each element value due to the SOC is stored in the RAM 10c, and a reference value is determined based on the SOC value at that time and these tables or mathematical expressions. It can correct
- the replacement of the secondary battery 14 is accurately performed. Can be determined.
- the type of the replaced secondary battery 14 is changed.
- control for example, charging control
- the element value of the equivalent circuit is erased. Therefore, by initializing the learning process, the equivalent circuit of the secondary battery 14 is shortened. Can be optimized in time.
- the use history is erased, so that the state detection and control can be executed based on the new use history.
- the replacement of the secondary battery 14 is determined using the reaction resistance Rct and the electric double layer capacity C separately.
- the value obtained by the following equation (1) The presence or absence of replacement of the secondary battery 14 may be determined by comparing K with a threshold value.
- W1, W2, and W3 are weighting factors, and are set so that the change in K becomes maximum when the secondary battery 14 is replaced regardless of whether it is the same type or different type.
- weighting factors W1, W2, and W3 are adjusted so that K is maximized when the secondary batteries 14 are replaced with the same type, or when the secondary batteries 14 are replaced with different types. It may be possible to identify that the secondary battery 14 has been replaced with the same type or different type of secondary battery 14 by setting K so as to be maximized.
- the learning process of the equivalent circuit is performed after the engine 17 is stopped.
- the learning process may be executed at a timing other than this.
- step S17 and step S21 in the flowchart shown in FIG. 6 are displayed on the display unit, and whether or not the determination is correct is confirmed with the user, and the element value is determined according to the confirmation result.
- the usage history may be deleted. According to such a method, it is possible to prevent the element value and the use history from being erased due to erroneous determination.
- the element value and usage history of the equivalent circuit stored in the RAM 10c may be deleted based on an instruction from the user. That is, for example, when the user instructs to erase the element value of the equivalent circuit from the host device, the element value stored in the RAM 10c may be erased. The same applies to the usage history. According to such a configuration, the element value or usage history of the equivalent circuit can be erased based on the user's intention.
- the discharge circuit 15 is provided, and the element value of the equivalent circuit of the secondary battery 14 is obtained by pulse discharge using the discharge circuit 15.
- the discharge circuit 15 is not provided, and the load is applied to the load.
- the element value of the equivalent circuit may be obtained from the flowing current and the voltage behavior at that time. According to such a configuration, the discharge circuit 15 can be omitted, and a decrease in the charge amount of the secondary battery 14 due to the discharge for obtaining the element value can be avoided.
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Abstract
Description
このような構成によれば、二次電池が交換されたことを正確に検出することができる。
このような構成によれば、劣化した二次電池が同種の新品の二次電池に交換されたことを正確に判定することができる。
このような構成によれば、異なる種類の二次電池にドライバによって交換されたことを正確に判定することができる。
このような構成によれば、素子値を消去することで、新たな二次電池の等価回路に置き換え、交換された二次電池の状態を正確に検出することができる。
このような構成によれば、使用履歴を消去することで、新たな二次電池を正確に制御することができる。
このような構成によれば、温度およびSOCの値に拘わらず、交換の有無を正確に判定することができる。
このような方法によれば、二次電池が交換されたことを正確に検出することができる。
図1は、本発明の実施形態に係る二次電池状態検出装置を有する車両の電源系統を示す図である。この図において、二次電池状態検出装置1は、制御部10、電圧センサ11、電流センサ12、温度センサ13、および、放電回路15を主要な構成要素としており、二次電池14の状態を検出する。ここで、制御部10は、電圧センサ11、電流センサ12、および、温度センサ13からの出力を参照し、二次電池14の状態を検出する。電圧センサ11は、二次電池14の端子電圧を検出し、制御部10に通知する。電流センサ12は、二次電池14に流れる電流を検出し、制御部10に通知する。温度センサ13は、二次電池14自体または周囲の環境温度を検出し、制御部10に通知する。放電回路15は、例えば、直列接続された半導体スイッチと抵抗素子等によって構成され、制御部10によって半導体スイッチがオン/オフ制御されることにより二次電池14を間欠的に放電させる。
つぎに、図を参照して、本発明の実施形態の動作原理について説明する。本実施形態では、図3に示す構成を有する二次電池14の等価回路を学習処理によって求める。そして、学習処理が実行される毎に、新たに求めた素子値と、過去に求めた素子値とを比較し、素子値が不連続に変化した場合には、二次電池14が交換されたと判定する。
以上の実施形態は一例であって、本発明が上述したような場合のみに限定されるものでないことはいうまでもない。例えば、以上の実施形態では、反応抵抗Rctおよび電気二重層容量Cを別々に使用して二次電池14の交換を判定するようにしたが、例えば、以下の式(1)によって得られた値Kと、閾値とを比較することで二次電池14の交換の有無を判定するようにしてもよい。なお、W1,W2,W3は重み係数であり、同種または異種に拘わらず二次電池14が交換されたときに、Kの変化が最大になるように設定される。
10 制御部
10a CPU(学習手段、判定手段、消去手段)
10b ROM
10c RAM(記憶装置)
10d 通信部
10e I/F
11 電圧センサ
12 電流センサ
13 温度センサ
14 二次電池
15 放電回路
16 オルタネータ
17 エンジン
18 スタータモータ
19 負荷
Claims (7)
- 車両に搭載される二次電池の状態を検出する二次電池状態検出装置において、
前記二次電池の電圧および電流に基づいて、前記二次電池の等価回路の素子値を学習する学習手段と、
前記学習手段による異なるタイミングの学習によって得られた素子値を比較し、少なくとも1の素子値が所定の閾値以上変化している場合に、前記二次電池が交換されたと判定する判定手段と、
を有することを特徴とする二次電池状態検出装置。 - 前記判定手段は、前記等価回路を構成する電気二重層容量が所定の閾値以上変化し、反応抵抗の変化が所定の閾値以下の場合には、劣化度の異なる同種の二次電池へ交換されたと判定することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の二次電池状態検出装置。
- 前記判定手段は、前記等価回路を構成する反応抵抗が所定の閾値以上変化している場合には、異なる種類の二次電池に交換されたと判定することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の二次電池状態検出装置。
- 前記判定手段によって前記二次電池が交換されたと判定された場合には、過去に学習して記憶装置に記憶されている前記等価回路の素子値を消去する消去手段を有することを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の二次電池状態検出装置。
- 前記消去手段は、前記判定手段によって前記二次電池が交換されたと判定された場合には、前記記憶装置に記憶されている前記二次電池の使用の履歴を示す情報を消去することを特徴とする請求項4に記載の二次電池状態検出装置。
- 前記等価回路の素子値は、基準温度および基準SOCにおける素子値になるように補正されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれか1項に記載の二次電池状態検出装置。
- 車両に搭載される二次電池の状態を検出する二次電池状態検出方法において、
前記二次電池に電圧および電流に基づいて、前記二次電池の等価回路の素子値を学習する学習ステップと、
前記学習ステップにおける異なるタイミングの学習によって得られた素子値を比較し、少なくとも1の素子値が所定の閾値以上変化している場合に、前記二次電池が交換されたと判定する判定ステップと、
を有することを特徴とする二次電池状態検出方法。
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