WO2015145842A1 - 段付きダイ - Google Patents
段付きダイ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015145842A1 WO2015145842A1 PCT/JP2014/077688 JP2014077688W WO2015145842A1 WO 2015145842 A1 WO2015145842 A1 WO 2015145842A1 JP 2014077688 W JP2014077688 W JP 2014077688W WO 2015145842 A1 WO2015145842 A1 WO 2015145842A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- inner ring
- ratio
- stepped
- ring
- stepped die
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/02—Dies; Inserts therefor; Mounting thereof; Moulds
- B30B15/022—Moulds for compacting material in powder, granular of pasta form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/02—Dies; Inserts therefor; Mounting thereof; Moulds
- B30B15/026—Mounting of dies, platens or press rams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
- B22F3/03—Press-moulding apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
- B22F5/106—Tube or ring forms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/02—Dies; Inserts therefor; Mounting thereof; Moulds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/10—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on titanium carbide
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a stepped die. More specifically, the present invention relates to a stepped die in which an outer ring is shrink-fitted on the outer periphery of an inner ring.
- FIG. 9 is a plan view of an example of the stepped die 21, and FIG. 10 is a sectional view thereof.
- the stepped die 21 includes a cylindrical inner ring 22 and a cylindrical outer ring 23 that is shrink-fitted on the outer periphery of the inner ring 22, and a molding recess is formed inside the inner ring 22. 24 is formed.
- the recess 24 has a step portion 25 corresponding to the step 30 of the component 31. As shown in FIG. 9, the step portion 25 has a rectangular shape in plan view.
- a flange portion 27 that is engaged with the die plate 26 is formed on the outer periphery of the outer ring 23, a flange portion 27 that is engaged with the die plate 26 is formed.
- the molded component 31 is lowered with the die plate 26 and the component 31 is relatively pushed up by the fixed lower punch 28. Die cutting is performed. Therefore, since it becomes an obstacle at the time of lowering, the support for supporting the stepped die 21 cannot be disposed in the space S below the stepped die 21. For this reason, in the stepped die 21, only the flange portion 27 formed on the outer periphery is supported, and the lower surface is not supported, and the upper surface 28 a of the lower punch 28 and the upper surface 25 a of the step portion 25 are used as pressure receiving surfaces to compress the powder. Is done.
- Patent Document 1 it is necessary to prepare a separate part called a ring in addition to the die, and a process of tightly fitting the ring to the outer periphery of the die is necessary.
- the shrinkage rate or shrinkage amount when shrink-fitting the outer ring to the outer periphery of the inner ring is set to be large, and compressive residual stress is generated around the corner of the step.
- This invention is made in view of such a situation, and it aims at providing the step die
- the stepped die of the present invention includes a cylindrical inner ring and a cylindrical outer ring that is shrink-fitted to the outer periphery of the inner ring, and a molding recess having a step portion is provided inside the inner ring.
- a stepped die formed on The shrinkage fit ratio of the outer ring with respect to the inner ring is 0.12% or more and 0.25% or less.
- the shrinkage fit ratio of the outer ring to the inner ring is set to 0.12% or more and 0.25% or less, so that an appropriate compressive stress is applied to the corner of the step of the molding recess. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of cracks in the corner due to bending stress concentrated on the corner during pressure molding.
- the occurrence of cracks at the corners of the stepped portion can be prevented without increasing the number of parts and man-hours.
- the stepped die of the present invention includes a cylindrical inner ring and a cylindrical outer ring that is shrink-fitted to the outer periphery of the inner ring, and a molding recess having a step portion is provided inside the inner ring. Is formed.
- the shrinkage rate of the outer ring with respect to the inner ring is set to 0.12% or more and 0.25% or less.
- the ratio between the outer diameter of the inner ring and the diameter of the imaginary circle centered on the central axis of the inner ring and passing through the corner of the step portion that is furthest away from the center in the radially outward direction is It is preferable that it is 1.4 or more. In this case, by giving a constant thickness to the inner ring, the resistance of the inner ring to the residual compressive stress applied to the inner ring by shrink fitting of the outer ring can be increased. Moreover, it is preferable that the said ratio is 2.0 or less. In this case, by limiting the thickness of the inner ring to a certain amount or less, it is possible to suppress the increase in size of the inner ring and thus the stepped die while maintaining the resistance of the inner ring to the residual compressive stress.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of a stepped die 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the stepped die 1 shown in FIG.
- the stepped die 1 is a mold used when producing a compact formed by compressing metallurgical powder.
- the stepped die 1 includes an inner ring 2 and an outer ring 3 that is shrink-fitted on the outer periphery of the inner ring 2, and a molding recess 4 is formed inside the inner ring 2. Yes.
- the inner ring 2 has a cylindrical shape and can be made of a cemented carbide such as a WC—Co alloy or a WC—TiC—Co alloy.
- the outer ring 3 also has a cylindrical shape and can be made of general hardened steel. On the outer periphery of the outer ring 3, a collar portion 6 that is engaged with the die plate 5 is formed over the entire periphery.
- the recess 4 has a rectangular shape in plan view on the upper surface side (upper side in FIG. 2) of the inner ring 2 and circular in plan view on the lower surface side of the inner ring 2 (lower side in FIG. 2).
- a stepped portion 7 is formed at a boundary portion between a rectangular upper recess in plan view and a circular lower recess in plan view.
- the step portion 7 is a portion corresponding to a step of a molded product (see FIG. 8) formed using the stepped die 1.
- the outer diameter d1 of the inner ring 2 and a virtual circle centered on the central axis O of the inner ring 2 and the corner of the stepped portion 7 that is farthest radially outward from the center O The ratio of the virtual circle P passing through 7a (hereinafter, this virtual circle is also referred to as “maximum virtual circle”) to the diameter d2 (hereinafter, this ratio is also referred to as “inner ring ratio”) is set to 1.4 or more. . If the inner ring ratio is less than 1.4, the outer ring 3 may be cracked into the outer periphery of the inner ring 2 to cause cracks in the thin portion of the inner ring 2 due to residual compressive stress generated in the inner ring 2.
- the inner ring ratio is 1.4 or more, there is no possibility that such a problem will occur. However, if the ratio is too large, the inner ring 2 and, consequently, the stepped die 1 will be enlarged. It is preferable that it is 2.0 or less.
- the difference between the outer diameter d1 of the inner ring 2 and the diameter d2 of the maximum virtual circle described above is divided by two.
- the thickness is set to 5 mm or more. If the wall thickness is less than 5 mm, there is a risk that cracking may occur in the thin portion of the inner ring 2 due to residual compressive stress generated in the inner ring 2 by shrink fitting the outer ring 3 to the outer periphery of the inner ring 2. . On the other hand, if the thickness is 5 mm or more, there is no possibility that such a problem will occur. However, if the thickness is too thick, the inner ring 2 and thus the stepped die 1 will be enlarged, so the thickness is 40 mm or less. It is preferable.
- the height h (see FIG. 2) of the stepped die was 40 mm.
- the long side length w1 of the rectangular part of the molding recess was 21 mm, the short side length w2 was 16 mm, and the diameter d3 of the cylindrical part was 10 mm.
- the material of the inner ring was WC—Co cemented carbide, and the material of the outer ring was hot die steel.
- Table 1 shows the equivalent stress ⁇ aeq of the step corner R portion when the inner ring diameter, inner ring ratio, wall thickness, and shrinkage fit ratio are variously changed.
- the “step corner R portion” refers to the short side edge portion 7b of the step portion 7 having a rectangular shape in plan view.
- the “corner” is a boundary between two adjacent surfaces of the inner ring inner surface facing the recess 4 having a rectangular shape in plan view, and is the same location as the above-described corner 7a.
- the equivalent stress ⁇ aeq is a value calculated by the following equation (2).
- ⁇ aeq ⁇ a / (1 ⁇ m / ⁇ B ) (2)
- ⁇ a is a stress amplitude at the time of pressure forming of the metal powder
- ⁇ m is also an average stress.
- ⁇ B is a tensile strength that is a value unique to the material, and in this Test Example 1, it is 1600 MPa because WC—Co cemented carbide is used as the material of the inner ring.
- Table 2 shows the strength ratio (fatigue strength / ⁇ aeq) calculated from the equivalent stress ⁇ aeq shown in Table 1 and the fatigue strength that is a value specific to the material.
- this fatigue strength is 700 MPa.
- FIG. 4 is a graph of the results of Table 2 for each inner ring ratio
- FIG. 5 is a graph for each shrinkage fit rate.
- the vertical axis represents the strength ratio of the step corner R portion
- the horizontal axis represents the shrinkage fit rate (%)
- the vertical axis represents the intensity ratio of the step corner R portion
- the horizontal axis represents the inner ring ratio.
- FIG. 4 shows that the strength ratio of the stepped portion R is substantially constant and stable when the shrinkage fit rate (%) is in the range of 0.12 to 0.25. Further, it can be seen from FIG. 5 that when the inner ring ratio exceeds 2.0, the intensity ratio of the stepped portion R becomes a substantially constant value.
- Test Example 1 it was confirmed (visually confirmed) that cracks occurred in a sample (strength ratio: 1.06) having a shrink fit rate of 0.35% and an inner ring ratio of 2.4. On the other hand, cracks could not be confirmed in the sample (strength ratio: 1.11) having a shrink fit rate of 0.15% and an inner ring ratio of 1.6.
- the height h (see FIG. 2) of the stepped die was 40 mm.
- the long side length w1 of the rectangular part of the molding recess was 21 mm, the short side length w2 was 16 mm, and the diameter d3 of the cylindrical part was 10 mm.
- the material of the inner ring was WC—Co cemented carbide, and the material of the outer ring was hot die steel.
- Table 4 shows the compressive strength ratio (compressed strength / generated compressive stress) calculated from the generated compressive stress shown in Table 3 and the compressive strength that is a value specific to the material.
- this compressive strength is 4000 MPa.
- FIG. 6 is a graph in which the vertical axis is the compression strength ratio and the horizontal axis is the thickness (mm) when the shrinkage fit rate (%) is 0.15% among the results of Table 4.
- FIG. 7 is a graph in which the axis is the compressive strength ratio and the horizontal axis is the inner ring ratio.
- the compression strength ratio varies greatly depending on whether the wall thickness is smaller than or equal to about 5 mm.
- the way of changing the compressive strength ratio differs greatly between the case where the inner ring ratio is smaller than about 1.4 and the case where the inner ring ratio is larger than that.
- the molding recess has a rectangular shape in plan view, but the shape and dimensions of the recess can be appropriately selected according to the molded product. It may be a square recess.
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
- Presses And Accessory Devices Thereof (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
前記内環に対する外環の焼き嵌め率が0.12%以上かつ0.25%以下にされていることを特徴としている。
また、前記比が2.0以下であることが好ましい。この場合、内環の肉厚を一定量以下に制限することで、前記残留圧縮応力に対する内環の耐性を維持しつつ、内環、ひいては段付きダイの大型化を抑制することができる。
また、前記内環の材質を超硬合金とし、前記外環の材質を焼入れ鋼とすることができる。この場合、内環に要求される圧縮強度や疲労強度を確保することができる。
焼き嵌め率(%)={1-(外環内径/内環外径)}×100 ・・・・(1)
焼き嵌め率(%)が0.12%よりも小さいと、残留圧縮応力が不足して成形時に亀裂が発生する虞があり、一方、焼き嵌め率(%)が0.25%よりも大きいと、焼き嵌め時に亀裂が発生する虞がある。亀裂の発生を確実に防止するとともに内環の大型化を抑制するという点からは、焼き嵌め率(%)を0.15%以上かつ0.20%以下とすることが好ましい。
図1~2に示される構成および形状の段付きダイにおける内環の直径、内環比、肉厚(内環の外径と、前述した最大仮想円の直径との差を2で割った値)、および焼き嵌め率(前記式(1)参照)を表1に示されるように種々変更して、成形用凹所に充填された金属粉を成形圧力10t/cm2で加圧成形して圧粉体を作製した。
σaeq=σa/(1-σm/σB) ・・・・・・(2)
ここで、σaは金属粉の加圧成形時における応力振幅であり、σmは同じく平均応力である。また、σBは材料固有の値である引張強さであり、本試験例1では、内環の材質としてWC-Co系超硬合金を用いているので、1600MPaである。
図4より、焼き嵌め率(%)が0.12~0.25の範囲において、段部R部の強度比がほぼ一定で安定していることが分かる。また、図5より、内環比が2.0を超えると段部R部の強度比がほぼ一定の値になることが分かる。
試験例1において、焼き嵌め率が0.35%であり、内環比が2.4のサンプル(強度比:1.06)に亀裂が発生したことが確認(視認)された。一方、焼き嵌め率が0.15%であり、内環比が1.6のサンプル(強度比:1.11)では亀裂を確認することができなかった。
図1~2に示される構成および形状の段付きダイにおける内環の直径、内環比、肉厚(内環の外径と、前述した最大仮想円の直径との差を2で割った値)、および焼き嵌め率(前記式(1)参照)を表3に示されるように種々変更させて、内環の段部の側面隅部(前述したように、図3において「7a」で示される箇所)に発生する圧縮応力を取得した。
図6より、肉厚が5mm付近を境界にして、それより小さい場合と、それより大きい場合とで圧縮強度比の変化の仕方が大きく異なっている。具体的に、肉厚が5mm以下の3つの試験例についての圧縮強度比と肉厚との関係はy=0.94x+0.65(R2=0.96)で表すことができ、肉厚が5mm以上の7つの試験例についての圧縮強度比と肉厚との関係はy=0.13x+5.08(R2=0.94)で表すことができ、この「5mm」という値を極値として、その前後で回帰直線の傾きが大きく変化していることが分かる。
〔その他の変形例〕
2:内環
3:外環
4:凹所
5:ダイプレート
6:鍔部
7:段部
7a:隅部
7b:段隅R部
21:段付きダイ
22:内環
23:外環
24:凹所
25:段部
26:ダイプレート
27:鍔部
28:下パンチ
30:段
31:部品
O:中心軸
C:亀裂
P:仮想円
S:下部スペース
d1:内環の外径
d2:最大仮想円の直径
d3:凹所の直径
w1:凹所の長辺
w2:凹所の短辺
h:段付きダイの高さ
Claims (5)
- 円筒形状の内環と、この内環の外周に焼き嵌めされた円筒形状の外環とを備えており、段部を有する成形用凹所が前記内環の内側に形成された段付きダイであって、
前記内環に対する外環の焼き嵌め率が0.12%以上かつ0.25%以下にされている段付きダイ。 - 前記内環の外径と、この内環の中心軸を中心とした仮想円であって当該中心から径外方向に最も離間した前記段部の隅部を通る最大仮想円の直径との比が1.4以上である請求項1に記載の段付きダイ。
- 前記比が2.0以下である請求項2に記載の段付きダイ。
- 前記内環の外径と、この内環の中心軸を中心とした仮想円であって当該中心から径外方向に最も離間した前記段部の隅部を通る最大仮想円の直径との差である肉厚が5mm以上である請求項1に記載の段付きダイ。
- 前記内環の材質が超硬合金であり、前記外環の材質が焼入れ鋼である請求項1~請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の段付きダイ。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201480077414.2A CN106457725B (zh) | 2014-03-25 | 2014-10-17 | 阶梯形模具 |
KR1020167020897A KR102189207B1 (ko) | 2014-03-25 | 2014-10-17 | 단차식 다이 |
DE112014006513.7T DE112014006513T5 (de) | 2014-03-25 | 2014-10-17 | Abgestufte Form |
US15/119,888 US10081149B2 (en) | 2014-03-25 | 2014-10-17 | Stepped die |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2014-062336 | 2014-03-25 | ||
JP2014062336A JP5804397B2 (ja) | 2014-03-25 | 2014-03-25 | 段付きダイ |
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WO2015145842A1 true WO2015145842A1 (ja) | 2015-10-01 |
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PCT/JP2014/077688 WO2015145842A1 (ja) | 2014-03-25 | 2014-10-17 | 段付きダイ |
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US (1) | US10081149B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5804397B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102189207B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN106457725B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112014006513T5 (ja) |
MY (1) | MY173619A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2015145842A1 (ja) |
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US10807339B2 (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2020-10-20 | University Of South Carolina | Multi-chamber pellet die system |
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JPH02111661U (ja) * | 1989-02-22 | 1990-09-06 | ||
JPH0711134Y2 (ja) | 1989-10-13 | 1995-03-15 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 段付き金型 |
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- 2014-10-17 WO PCT/JP2014/077688 patent/WO2015145842A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2014-10-17 US US15/119,888 patent/US10081149B2/en active Active
- 2014-10-17 DE DE112014006513.7T patent/DE112014006513T5/de active Pending
- 2014-10-17 KR KR1020167020897A patent/KR102189207B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2014-10-17 MY MYPI2016702423A patent/MY173619A/en unknown
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DE112014006513T5 (de) | 2016-12-29 |
KR20160136276A (ko) | 2016-11-29 |
KR102189207B1 (ko) | 2020-12-09 |
US20170050402A1 (en) | 2017-02-23 |
JP5804397B2 (ja) | 2015-11-04 |
CN106457725A (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
MY173619A (en) | 2020-02-11 |
JP2015182124A (ja) | 2015-10-22 |
CN106457725B (zh) | 2018-08-28 |
US10081149B2 (en) | 2018-09-25 |
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