WO2015145668A1 - X線発生装置、x線装置および構造物の製造方法 - Google Patents
X線発生装置、x線装置および構造物の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015145668A1 WO2015145668A1 PCT/JP2014/058883 JP2014058883W WO2015145668A1 WO 2015145668 A1 WO2015145668 A1 WO 2015145668A1 JP 2014058883 W JP2014058883 W JP 2014058883W WO 2015145668 A1 WO2015145668 A1 WO 2015145668A1
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- power supply
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/02—Details
- H01J35/14—Arrangements for concentrating, focusing, or directing the cathode ray
- H01J35/147—Spot size control
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/4097—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by using design data to control NC machines, e.g. CAD/CAM
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
- H05G1/08—Electrical details
- H05G1/10—Power supply arrangements for feeding the X-ray tube
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
- H05G1/08—Electrical details
- H05G1/26—Measuring, controlling or protecting
- H05G1/30—Controlling
- H05G1/32—Supply voltage of the X-ray apparatus or tube
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
- G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/35—Nc in input of data, input till input file format
- G05B2219/35134—3-D cad-cam
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/49—Nc machine tool, till multiple
- G05B2219/49007—Making, forming 3-D object, model, surface
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an X-ray generator, an X-ray apparatus, and a structure manufacturing method.
- Patent Document 1 an X-ray source that generates an X-ray by causing an electron beam emitted from the filament to collide with the target by applying a high voltage between the filament and the target is known (for example, Patent Document 1).
- an X-ray generator that emits X-rays when an electron beam emitted from a cathode reaches a target, the electron beam being connected in series between the cathode and the target, First and second high voltage power supplies for accelerating the lines, respectively, and the second high voltage power supply is second with respect to the phase of the first high voltage fluctuation component generated by the first high voltage power supply.
- the second high voltage is output so that the phase of the fluctuation component of the second high voltage generated by the high voltage power supply of the first power supply is in a predetermined relationship.
- the phase of the first high-voltage fluctuation component output from the first high-voltage power supply and the second high-voltage power supply It is preferable to include a phase setting unit that controls at least one of the first high-voltage power supply and the second high-voltage power supply so that the phase of the output fluctuation component of the second high-voltage is in a predetermined relationship.
- the period of the first high voltage fluctuation component and the period of the second high voltage fluctuation component are substantially the same.
- the phase setting unit includes the first high-voltage power supply or the second high-voltage power supply or the second high-voltage power supply or the second high-voltage power supply so that the phase of the first high-voltage fluctuation component and the phase of the second high-voltage fluctuation component are substantially shifted by 180 degrees. It is preferable to control at least one of the high voltage power supplies.
- the first high-voltage power source and the second high-voltage power source are an AC voltage generator and an AC voltage generator.
- a multiple voltage rectifier circuit that generates a first or second high voltage that is a predetermined multiple of the output voltage, and the AC voltage generator is based on a control signal output from the phase setting unit, It is preferable to generate an alternating voltage with a predetermined period.
- the multiple voltage rectifier circuit preferably includes a plurality of capacitance elements.
- the high voltage source preferably applies a second high voltage between the first intermediate electrode and the second intermediate electrode.
- the X-ray generator of the sixth aspect further includes an electron beam converging unit disposed between the second intermediate electrode and the target.
- the X-ray generator further includes a first intermediate electrode disposed between the cathode and the target,
- the voltage power source applies a first high voltage between the cathode and the first intermediate electrode
- the second high voltage source applies a second high voltage between the first intermediate electrode and the target. It is preferable to do.
- the X-ray generation device according to the eighth aspect further includes an electron beam converging unit disposed between the first intermediate electrode and the target.
- the X-ray detection unit further detects an X-ray generated from the target
- the phase setting unit includes: It is preferable to control at least one of the first high-voltage power supply or the second high-voltage power supply based on the detection output of the X-ray detection unit.
- an X-ray generator that emits X-rays when an electron beam emitted from a cathode reaches a target, wherein the X-ray generator is disposed between the cathode and the target.
- the third high-voltage power supply to be applied, the phase of the first high-voltage fluctuation component output from the first high-voltage power supply, and the second high-voltage fluctuation component output from the second high-voltage power supply And the phase of the fluctuation component of the second high voltage output from the third high voltage power supply are predetermined.
- phase setting section for controlling at least two first high-voltage power supply and second high-voltage power supply and the third high voltage power supply.
- the period of the first high voltage fluctuation component, the period of the second high voltage fluctuation component, and the third high voltage The phase of the fluctuation component is substantially the same, and the phase setting unit sets the phase of the fluctuation component of the first high voltage, the phase of the fluctuation component of the second high voltage, and the fluctuation component of the second high voltage.
- the first high-voltage power source, the second high-voltage power source, and the third high-voltage power supply are AC voltage generators.
- the multiple voltage rectifier circuit that generates a first high voltage, a second high voltage, or a third high voltage that is a predetermined multiple of the voltage output from the AC voltage generator, and an AC voltage
- the generator preferably generates an alternating voltage having a predetermined period based on a control signal output from the phase setting unit.
- the multiple voltage rectifier circuit preferably includes a plurality of capacitance elements.
- the X-ray detection unit further detects an X-ray generated from the target
- the phase setting unit includes: It is preferable to control at least two of the first high-voltage power supply, the second high-voltage power supply, and the third high-voltage power supply based on the detection output of the X-ray detection unit.
- an X-ray apparatus detects the X-ray generated in any one of the first to fifteenth aspects and the X-ray emitted from the X-ray generator and passing through the object to be measured.
- a moving unit that moves the X-ray generator and the detecting unit relative to the object to be measured.
- a seventeenth aspect of the present invention in the X-ray apparatus according to the sixteenth aspect, based on a plurality of projection data detected by the detection unit in a state where the positions of the X-ray generation device and the detection unit with respect to the object to be measured are different. It is preferable to provide a reconstruction unit that generates internal structure information of the object to be measured.
- the design information relating to the shape of the structure is created, the structure is created based on the design information, and the shape of the created structure is changed to the seventeenth aspect.
- the shape information is obtained by measurement using the X-ray apparatus of the aspect, and the obtained shape information is compared with the design information.
- the structure is reprocessed based on a comparison result between the shape information and the design information.
- the rework of the structure is performed again based on the design information.
- the figure which shows the structure of the X-ray apparatus by embodiment of this invention The figure which shows the structure of the X-ray generation part by 1st Embodiment Circuit diagram illustrating high-voltage power supply according to first and third embodiments The figure explaining the fluctuation component of the voltage produced by the 1st and 2nd multiple voltage rectifier circuits, and the fluctuation component of the acceleration voltage in the first to third embodiments
- Circuit diagram for explaining a high-voltage power supply according to the second embodiment The figure which shows the structure of the X-ray generator by 3rd Embodiment.
- Circuit diagram for explaining a high-voltage power supply according to the fourth embodiment
- the figure explaining the fluctuation component of the voltage produced by the 1st, 2nd multiple, and the 3rd voltage rectifier circuit in the 4th embodiment, and the fluctuation component of the acceleration voltage The figure explaining the structure of the structure manufacturing system by 5th Embodiment Flowchart explaining processing of structure manufacturing system
- the X-ray apparatus irradiates the object to be measured with X-rays and detects transmitted X-rays transmitted through the object to be measured, thereby acquiring non-destructive internal information (for example, internal structure) of the object to be measured.
- non-destructive internal information for example, internal structure
- the X-ray apparatus is called an industrial X-ray CT inspection apparatus for inspecting an industrial part.
- the present embodiment is for specifically describing the purpose of the invention, and does not limit the present invention unless otherwise specified.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of an X-ray apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment.
- the X-ray apparatus 100 includes a housing 1, an X-ray generation unit 2, a placement unit 3, a detector 4, a control device 5, and a frame 6.
- the housing 1 is disposed on a floor surface of a factory or the like so as to be substantially parallel (horizontal) to the XZ plane, and includes an X-ray generation unit 2, a mounting unit 3, a detector 4, and a frame 6 inside. And is housed.
- the housing 1 contains lead as a material so that X-rays do not leak outside the housing 1.
- the X-ray generation unit 2 expands in a conical shape along the optical axis Zr parallel to the Z axis with the emission point P shown in FIG. A line (a so-called cone beam) is emitted.
- This emission point P coincides with the focal position of an electron beam propagating in the X-ray generator 2 described later. That is, the optical axis Zr is an axis that connects the emission point P, which is the focal position of the electron beam of the X-ray generator 2, and the center of the imaging region of the detector 4 described later.
- the X-ray generator 2 is not limited to the one that emits conical X-rays, but the one that emits fan-shaped X-rays (so-called fan beams) or linear X-rays (so-called pencil beams) can also be used. It is included in one aspect.
- the X-ray generator 2 emits at least one of, for example, an ultra-soft X-ray of about 50 eV, a soft X-ray of about 0.1 to 2 keV, an X-ray of about 2 to 20 keV, and a hard X-ray of about 20 to 100 keV . The details of the X-ray generator 2 will be described later.
- the mounting unit 3 includes a mounting table 31 on which the object to be measured S is mounted, and a manipulator unit 36 including a rotation driving unit 32, an X-axis moving unit 33, a Y-axis moving unit 34, and a Z-axis moving unit 35.
- the X-ray generator 2 is provided on the Z axis + side.
- the mounting table 31 is rotatably provided by the rotation drive unit 32, and moves together when the rotation axis Yr by the rotation drive unit 32 moves in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions as will be described later.
- the rotation drive unit 32 is configured by, for example, an electric motor or the like, and is parallel to the Y axis and passes through the center of the mounting table 31 by a rotational force generated by an electric motor controlled and driven by the control device 5 described later.
- the mounting table 31 is rotated with the axis to be rotated as the rotation axis Yr.
- the X-axis moving unit 33, the Y-axis moving unit 34, and the Z-axis moving unit 35 are controlled by the control device 5 so that the object S to be measured is positioned within the irradiation range of the X-rays emitted from the X-ray generation unit 2.
- the mounting table 31 is moved in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction, respectively. Further, the Z-axis drive unit 35 is controlled by the control device 5 so that the distance from the X-ray generation unit 2 to the measured object S is a distance corresponding to the magnification of the measured object S in the captured image. In this way, the mounting table 31 is moved in the Z-axis direction.
- the detector 4 shown in FIG. 1 is provided on the Z axis + side from the X-ray generator 2 and the mounting table 31. That is, the mounting table 31 is provided between the X-ray generation unit 2 and the detector 4 in the Z-axis direction.
- the detector 4 has an incident surface 41 parallel to the XY plane, and X-rays including transmitted X-rays radiated from the X-ray generator 2 and transmitted through the object S to be measured placed on the mounting table 31. Incident on the incident surface 41.
- the detector 4 is composed of a scintillator portion containing a known scintillation substance and a light receiving portion that receives light emitted by the scintillator portion, and converts X-rays incident on the incident surface 41 of the scintillator portion into light energy. Then, the light energy is converted into electric energy by the light receiving unit and is output to the control device 5 as an electric signal.
- the detector 4 may convert an incident X-ray into an electric signal without converting it into light energy and output it.
- the detector 4 has a structure in which the scintillator portion and the light receiving portion are each divided as a plurality of pixels, and these pixels are two-dimensionally arranged. Thereby, the intensity distribution of the X-rays radiated from the X-ray generation unit 2 and passed through the measurement object S can be acquired at once. Therefore, it is possible to acquire the entire projected image of the object S to be measured with one shooting.
- the frame 6 supports the X-ray generation unit 2, the manipulator unit 36 of the mounting unit 3, and the detector 4.
- the frame 6 is manufactured with sufficient rigidity. Therefore, it is possible to support the X-ray generation unit 2, the manipulator unit 36, and the detector 4 without changing the relative positions during acquisition of the projection image of the measurement object S. Further, the frame 6 is supported by a vibration isolation mechanism 61 to prevent vibration generated outside from being transmitted to the frame 6 as it is.
- the control device 5 includes a microprocessor, peripheral circuits, and the like.
- the control device 5 reads and executes a control program stored in advance in a storage medium (not shown) (for example, a flash memory), thereby executing the control of the X-ray device 100. Control each part.
- the control device 5 includes an X-ray control unit 51 that controls the operation of the X-ray generation unit 2, a manipulator control unit 52 that controls the driving operation of the manipulator unit 36, and an object to be measured based on the electrical signal output from the detector 4. While controlling the image generation unit 53 for generating the X-ray projection image data of S and the manipulator unit 36, a known image reconstruction process is performed based on the projection image data of the measurement object S having different projection directions.
- An image reconstruction unit 54 that generates a reconstructed image of the measurement object S is provided as a function.
- the image reconstruction process three-dimensional data that is the internal structure (cross-sectional structure) of the DUT S is generated.
- the image reconstruction process includes a back projection method, a filtered back projection method, a successive approximation method, and the like.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of the X-ray generator 30.
- the X-ray generator 2 includes a Wehnelt power source 20, a filament 21, a target 22, a Wehnelt electrode 23, an intermediate electrode 24, an electro-optic member 25, a first high voltage power source unit 26, and a second high voltage power source. Part 27.
- the X-ray generator 2 is arranged in the order of the filament 21, the intermediate electrode 24, the electro-optical member 25, and the target 22. That is, the intermediate electrode 24 is provided between the filament 21 and the target 22.
- the Wehnelt power supply 20 applies a negative bias voltage to the Wehnelt electrode 23 with respect to the filament 21.
- the filament 21 includes, for example, tungsten and has a conical shape sharpened toward the target 22.
- a filament heating power supply circuit 211 is provided at both ends of the filament 21. The filament heating power supply circuit 211 heats the filament 21 by passing a current through the filament 21. When the filament 21 is heated by being energized by the filament heating power supply circuit 211 in a state where a negative charge is applied by the Wehnelt electrode 23, the electron beam (thermoelectrons) is directed toward the target 22 from the sharpened tip. And release.
- the electric field generated by the negative bias voltage applied to the Wehnelt electrode 23 converges the electron beam emitted from the filament 21 and suppresses the divergence of the emitted electron beam.
- the target 22 includes, for example, tungsten, and generates X-rays by collision of an electron beam emitted from the filament 21 or a change in the progress of the electron beam.
- FIG. 2 the case where the X-ray generator 2 according to the present embodiment is configured by a reflective X-ray generator is shown as an example. However, the case where the X-ray generator 2 is configured by a transmissive X-ray generator is also illustrated. It is included in one embodiment of the present invention.
- the intermediate electrode 24 is grounded. Therefore, a negative voltage is applied to the filament 21 with respect to the intermediate electrode 24.
- the electro-optical member 25 is disposed between the intermediate electrode 24 and the target 22.
- the electron optical member 25 includes an electromagnetic lens that focuses the electron beam, a deflector that deflects the electron beam, and the like. The electron optical member 25 focuses the electron beam from the filament 21 using the action of a magnetic field, and collides the electron beam with a partial region (X-ray focal point) of the target 22.
- the first high voltage power supply unit 26 is electrically connected to the filament 21 and the intermediate electrode 24, and applies a negative voltage to the filament 21 with respect to the intermediate electrode 24.
- the first high voltage power source 26 is controlled by the X-ray control unit 51 of the control device 5 and applies a first DC high voltage V 1 between the filament 21 and the intermediate electrode 24.
- the second high voltage power supply 27 is electrically connected to the intermediate electrode 24 and the target 22, and applies a positive voltage to the target 22 with respect to the intermediate electrode 24.
- the second high voltage power supply unit 27 is controlled by the X-ray control unit 51 of the control device 5 and applies a DC second high voltage V ⁇ b> 2 between the intermediate electrode 24 and the target 22.
- the first high voltage power supply unit 26 and the second high voltage power supply unit 27 are arranged in series between the filament 21 and the target 22. Therefore, the filament 21 has a negative potential with respect to the target 22.
- the filament 21 functions as a cathode that emits an electron beam as described above when the first high voltage V1 is applied by the first high voltage power supply unit 26.
- the filament 21 is caused to function as a cathode while being directly heated.
- the present invention is not limited to this example, and may have a heater for heating the cathode separately in addition to the cathode. Further, an electron beam may be emitted by forming a strong electric field around the cathode without heating the cathode.
- the electron beam emitted from the filament 21 toward the target 22 is narrowed by the Wehnelt electrode 23, and the first high voltage V1 and the second high voltage V1 applied by the first high voltage power supply unit 26 and the second high voltage power supply unit 27 are used. Accelerated by a high acceleration voltage V3 corresponding to the sum of the high voltage V2 and heading toward the target 22. Then, the electron beam is focused by the electron optical member 25, and the electron beam collides with the target 22 disposed at the convergence position (focal spot) of the electron beam to generate X-rays from the target 22.
- FIG. 3A is a circuit configuration diagram of the first high voltage power supply unit 26
- FIG. 3B is a circuit configuration diagram of the second high voltage power supply unit 27.
- the first high voltage power supply unit 26 includes a first AC voltage generator 261 and a first multiple voltage rectifier circuit 262
- the second high voltage power supply unit 27 includes a second AC voltage generator 271 and a second multiple voltage rectifier 262.
- first high-voltage power supply unit 26 and the second high-voltage power supply unit 27 have the same configuration, the following description will focus on the configuration of the first high-voltage power supply unit 26, and the second high-voltage power supply unit 26 will be described. Regarding the unit 27, a configuration different from the first high-voltage power supply unit 26 will be described.
- the first AC voltage generation unit 261 is controlled by an X-ray control unit 51 of the control device 5 described later to generate an AC voltage of a rectangular wave (pulse wave) having a predetermined period. Output.
- a voltage is generated at both ends of the secondary winding 261b2.
- the first multiple voltage rectifier circuit 262 is configured by a known Cockcroft-Walton circuit having a plurality of capacitors and a plurality of diodes.
- the first multiple voltage rectifier circuit 262 boosts the voltage at a predetermined magnification while rectifying the AC voltage output from the first AC voltage generator 261.
- the ground electrode 262a2 is connected to the secondary winding 261b2 of the first multiple voltage rectifier circuit 262, and the output terminal 262a1 can obtain a negative high voltage with respect to the ground electrode 262a2.
- the output end 262a1 is connected to the negative electrode, that is, the filament 21, and the ground electrode 262a2 is connected to the intermediate electrode 24.
- the first multiple voltage rectifier circuit 261 charges a plurality of capacitors (capacitance elements) of the first multiple voltage rectifier circuit 262 each time the voltage generated at both ends of the secondary winding 261b2 switches between positive and negative. This generates an output voltage that is multiple times the voltage of the secondary winding 261b2. A higher voltage is output as the number of combinations of capacitors and diodes included in the first multiple rectifier circuit 262 is increased.
- the configuration of the second multiple voltage rectifier circuit 272 is different from the configuration of the first multiple voltage rectifier circuit 262 of the first high voltage power supply unit 26.
- the output terminal 272a1 can acquire a positive high voltage with respect to the ground electrode 272a2.
- the output end 272a1 is connected to the target 22, and the ground electrode 272a2 is connected to the intermediate electrode 24.
- the X-ray control unit 51 shown in FIG. 2 is configured by, for example, an FPGA circuit.
- the X-ray control unit 51 includes a reference clock signal generation unit 501 and a phase difference adjustment unit 502 inside.
- the X-ray control unit 51 outputs a control signal whose phase is adjusted at a predetermined cycle to the first AC voltage generation unit 261 and the second AC voltage generation unit 271. That is, the first AC voltage generator 261 and the second AC voltage generator 271 generate a pulsed AC voltage having the same period corresponding to the period of the reference clock signal from the reference clock signal generator 501.
- the X-ray control unit 51 controls each of the first AC voltage generation unit 261 and the second AC voltage generation unit 271 by controlling the phase difference adjustment unit 502 according to, for example, an operation of an operation member (not shown) by the user.
- the phase difference of the AC voltage generated at can be adjusted.
- the X-ray control unit 51 performs control so that the phases of the respective pulse waves have a predetermined relationship.
- the phase difference adjustment unit 502 may be configured with a delay circuit including a variable resistor and a variable capacitor. Further, the capacitor and the switching element may be configured in multiple stages, and the phase difference may be adjusted by controlling the switching operation of the switching element.
- the phase of at least one of the first AC power supply generation unit 261 and the second AC power supply generation unit 271 is delayed. In the present embodiment, the following description will be given assuming that the phase of the pulse wave by the second AC voltage generator 271 is delayed.
- the DC voltage rectified by the first multiple voltage rectifier circuit 262 and the second multiple voltage rectifier circuit 272 described above each has a triangular wave-like fluctuation component (ripple).
- This ripple is generated due to the charge / discharge time of the capacitors used in the first multiple voltage rectifier circuit 262 and the second multiple voltage rectifier circuit 272.
- the horizontal axis is time t
- the fluctuation component of the first high voltage V1 generated by the first multiple voltage rectifier circuit 262 is L1
- the second component generated by the second multiple voltage rectifier circuit 272 is the second.
- the variation component of the high voltage V2 is denoted by L2
- the variation component of the acceleration voltage V3 for accelerating the electron beam emitted from the filament 21 is denoted by L3.
- the first AC voltage generation unit 261 and the second AC voltage generation unit 271 generate a pulse wave with a predetermined period by the control signal from the X-ray control unit 51. Therefore, the DC voltage fluctuation components L1 and L2 output from the first multiple voltage rectifier circuit 262 and the second multiple voltage rectifier circuit 272 shown in FIG. 4 are generated by the first AC voltage generator 261 and the second AC voltage generator.
- the pulse wave generated by the unit 271 has substantially the same period.
- Each of the first multiple voltage rectifier circuit 262 and the second multiple voltage rectifier circuit 272 includes a plurality of capacitors.
- FIG. 4A schematically shows an example when the phase is not controlled by the X-ray control unit 51 so as to have a predetermined relationship.
- the potential difference from the ground of the fluctuation component L1 of the first high voltage V1 is V1_1a and the fluctuation component of the second high voltage V2.
- the potential difference from the ground of L2 is V2_1a.
- the potential difference of the fluctuation component L3 in the acceleration voltage V3 at time t1 is (V1_1a + V2_1a). Note that in FIG. 4, the values of the potential difference V1_1a from the ground and the potential difference V2_1a are assumed to be equal for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the invention.
- the potential difference of the fluctuation component L1 of the first high voltage V1 is V1_2a (V1_1a> V1_2a), and the potential difference of the fluctuation component L2 of the second high voltage V2 from the ground is V2_2a ( V2_1a> V2_2a). Therefore, the potential difference of the fluctuation component L3 in the acceleration voltage V3 at time t2 is (V1_2a + V2_2a), which is a smaller potential difference than at time t1. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4A, the fluctuation component L3 of the acceleration voltage V3 has periodicity and repeats increasing and decreasing. In FIG. 4, for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the invention, the potential difference V1_2a from the ground and the potential difference V2_2a are assumed to be equal.
- the fluctuation component L3 generated in the acceleration voltage V3 between the filament 21 and the target 22 affects the acceleration of the electron beam emitted from the filament 21, and the velocity of the electron beam passing through the electron optical member 25 is the fluctuation component L3. It varies depending on the fluctuation period and amplitude. For this reason, the amount of aberration, particularly chromatic aberration, in the electron optical member 25 varies, and the region where the electron beam collides with the target 22, that is, the spot size of the emission point P varies. The variation in spot size varies the resolution of the projected image when X-rays emitted from the X-ray generator 2 are acquired by the detector 4, so that the measurement accuracy by the X-ray apparatus 100 cannot be maintained.
- the phase adjustment unit 502 of the X-ray control unit 51 controls the phase of the AC voltage generated by the second AC voltage generation unit 271 in order to suppress the variation in spot size.
- a control signal is output to AC voltage generator 271 to set the phases of fluctuation components L1 and L2 to a predetermined relationship.
- the phase adjustment unit 502 delays the phase of the AC voltage by the second AC voltage generation unit 271, for example, the AC voltage of the first AC voltage generation unit 261 and the AC voltage of the second AC voltage generation unit 271. Is set to a half cycle (180 degrees).
- phase of the fluctuation component L1 of the first multiple voltage rectifier circuit 261 and the phase of the fluctuation component L2 of the second multiple voltage rectifier circuit 272 are shifted by a half cycle (180 degrees). Note that the phase of the AC voltage from the first AC voltage generator 261 may be delayed.
- FIG. 4B schematically shows an example when the phase is controlled by the X-ray control unit 51 to have a predetermined relationship.
- the potential difference from the ground of the fluctuation component L1 is V1_1a
- the potential difference from the ground of the fluctuation component L2 is V2_2a. Therefore, the potential difference of the fluctuation component L3 in the acceleration voltage V3 at time t1 is (V1_1a + V2_2a).
- the potential difference of the fluctuation component L1 is V1_2a
- the potential difference of the fluctuation component L2 from the ground is V2_1a.
- the potential difference of the fluctuation component L3 in the acceleration voltage V3 at time t2 is (V1_2a + V2_1a). Since the potential difference V1_1a and the potential difference V2_1a are equal and the potential difference V1_2a and the potential difference V2_2a are equal, the potential difference of the fluctuation component L3 is substantially the same at time t1 and time t2, and the acceleration voltage V3 is smoothed. As a result, since the electron beam is accelerated without fluctuating due to the acceleration voltage V3, the electron beam is suppressed in the aberration amount due to the electron optical member 25, and the spot size is suppressed in the X-ray generation unit. 2 emits X-rays.
- the X-rays emitted from the X-ray generator 2 irradiate the measurement object S and enter the detector 4.
- the detector 4 detects transmitted X-rays that the mounting table 31 has transmitted through the measurement object S at every predetermined rotation angle, and outputs the detected X-rays to the control device 5 as an electrical signal.
- the image generation unit 53 of the control device 5 generates projection image data of the measurement object S for each projection direction based on the electrical signal acquired for each rotation angle. That is, the image generation unit 53 generates projection image data of the measurement object S from a plurality of different directions.
- the image reconstruction unit 54 of the control device 5 performs a known image reconstruction process using a plurality of projection image data of the object S to be measured, and three-dimensional data that is an internal structure (cross-sectional structure) of the object S Is generated.
- the image reconstruction process includes a back projection method, a filtered back projection method, a successive approximation method, and the like.
- the generated three-dimensional data of the internal structure of the measured object S is displayed on a display (not shown) or the like.
- the phase of the fluctuation component L2 of the second high voltage V2 has a predetermined relationship with the phase of the fluctuation component L1 of the first high voltage V1 generated by the first high voltage power supply 26.
- the second high voltage V2 is output.
- the X-ray control unit 51 outputs the phase of the fluctuation component L1 of the first high voltage V1 output from the first high voltage power supply 26 and the second high voltage output from the second high voltage power supply 27. At least one of the first high voltage power supply 26 and the second high voltage power supply 27 is controlled so that the phase of the fluctuation component L2 of the voltage V2 is substantially shifted by 180 degrees.
- the acceleration voltage V3 obtained by adding the first high voltage V1 and the second high voltage V2 the generation of the fluctuation component L3 is suppressed, so that the electron beam is accelerated without fluctuation due to the acceleration voltage V3.
- the X-ray is emitted from the X-ray generation unit 2 in a state where the fluctuation of the aberration amount of the electron beam due to the electron optical member 25 is suppressed and the fluctuation of the spot size is suppressed. Therefore, fluctuations in the resolution of the projected image when X-rays emitted from the target are acquired by the detector 4 can be suppressed, and the measurement accuracy of the object to be measured can be maintained.
- the electron beam is accelerated by the large acceleration voltage V3 obtained by the first high voltage power supply 26 and the second high voltage power supply 27, the brightness of the X-rays emitted from the target 22 can be increased. As a result, even when the object to be measured S is a large structure or the like, the measurement data of the internal structure can be acquired by the X-ray apparatus 100.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of the X-ray generator 2 according to the second embodiment.
- the X-ray generation unit 2 according to the present embodiment includes a first intermediate electrode 241 and a second intermediate electrode 242 instead of the intermediate electrode 24 in the first embodiment.
- the first intermediate electrode 241 and the second intermediate electrode 242 are provided between the filament 21 and the electro-optical member 25.
- the first intermediate electrode 241 is provided on the filament 21 side, and the second intermediate electrode 242 is provided on the electro-optic member 25 side.
- the second intermediate electrode 242 is grounded.
- the first high voltage power supply unit 26 is electrically connected to the filament 21 and the first intermediate electrode 241, and applies a negative voltage to the filament 21 with respect to the first intermediate electrode 241.
- the first high voltage power supply unit 26 is controlled by the X-ray control unit 51 and applies a first DC high voltage V ⁇ b> 1 between the filament 21 and the first intermediate electrode 241.
- the second high voltage power supply unit 37 is electrically connected to the first intermediate electrode 241 and the second intermediate electrode 242, and applies a positive voltage to the second intermediate electrode 242 with respect to the first intermediate electrode 241.
- the second high voltage power supply unit 37 is controlled by the X-ray control unit 51 and applies the second high voltage V ⁇ b> 2 between the first intermediate electrode 241 and the second intermediate electrode 242. Note that the second intermediate electrode 242 and the target 22 have the same potential.
- FIG. 6A is a circuit configuration diagram of the first high voltage power supply unit 26
- FIG. 6B is a circuit configuration diagram of the second high voltage power supply unit 37.
- the first high voltage power supply unit 26 includes a first AC voltage generation unit 261 and a first multiple voltage rectifier circuit 262, as in the first embodiment.
- the output terminal 262 a 2 on the secondary winding 261 b 2 side of the first multiple voltage rectifier circuit 262 is connected to the first intermediate electrode 241, and the output terminal 262 a 1 is connected to the filament 21.
- the first multiple voltage rectifier circuit 262 boosts the voltage at a predetermined magnification while rectifying the AC voltage output from the first AC voltage generator 261, so that the output terminal is connected to the first intermediate electrode 241. 262a1 can acquire the negative high voltage V1.
- the second high voltage power supply unit 37 includes a second AC voltage generation unit 371 and a second multiple voltage rectification circuit 372.
- the second AC voltage generator 371 has the same circuit configuration as the first AC voltage generator 261. That is, when the voltage of the AC power supply 371a of the second AC voltage generator 371 is applied to the primary winding 371b1 of the transformer, a voltage is generated at both ends of the secondary winding 371b2.
- the second multiple voltage rectifier circuit 372 has the same circuit configuration as the first multiple voltage rectifier circuit 262.
- the second multiple voltage rectifier circuit 372 is provided with the polarity of the plurality of diodes without being inverted with respect to the polarity of the plurality of diodes provided in the first multiple voltage rectifier circuit 262.
- the ground electrode 372 a 2 of the second multiple voltage rectifier circuit 372 is connected to the second intermediate electrode 242, and the output end 372 a 1 is connected to the first intermediate electrode 241.
- the second multiple voltage rectifier circuit 372 boosts the voltage at a predetermined magnification while rectifying the AC voltage output from the second AC voltage generator 371, so that the second intermediate voltage 241
- the intermediate electrode 242 can acquire a positive high voltage V2.
- the X-ray control unit 51 controls the phase of the AC voltage with respect to the second AC voltage generation unit 371 in the same manner as in the first embodiment in order to suppress the variation in spot size.
- a control signal is output so as to control, so that the phases of the fluctuation components L1 and L2 are shifted by a half cycle (180 degrees). That is, the X-ray controller 51 delays the phase of the AC voltage by the second AC voltage generator 371 in the same manner as shown in FIG.
- the phase difference from the AC voltage of the second AC voltage generator 371 is set to a half cycle (180 degrees).
- what delays the phase of the alternating voltage by the 1st alternating voltage generation part 261 is also contained in 1 aspect of this invention. As a result, electrons emitted from the filament 21 are accelerated in a state in which the fluctuation component L3 of the acceleration voltage V3 is smoothed so as to be substantially constant.
- a predetermined acceleration voltage is applied to the electron beam between the filament 21 and the second intermediate electrode 242. Further, since the second intermediate electrode 242 and the target 22 have the same potential, the electron beam that has passed through the second intermediate electrode 242 is not accelerated until it collides with the target 22. That is, the electron optical member 25 converges the electron beam traveling at a constant speed. Therefore, compared to the case where the electron optical member 25 converges the electron beam accelerated between the intermediate electrode 24 and the target 22 as in the first embodiment, the ripple generated by the second high voltage power supply 27 is reduced. It can be made difficult to be affected, and the spot size when the electron beam collides with the target 22 can be reduced.
- a first intermediate electrode 241 was disposed between the filament 21 and the target 22, and a second intermediate electrode 242 was disposed between the first intermediate electrode 241 and the target 22.
- the first high voltage power supply 26 applies a first high voltage V 1 between the filament 21 and the first intermediate electrode 241, and the second high voltage source 37 is connected between the first intermediate electrode 241 and the second intermediate electrode 242.
- a second high voltage V2 is applied between them.
- the electron optical member 25 is disposed between the second intermediate electrode 242 and the target 22.
- the acceleration is terminated by the first high voltage power supply 26 and the second high voltage power supply 37, and the electron beam traveling at a constant speed can be converged by the electron optical member 25, so that the electron beam collides with the target 22.
- the spot size can be reduced.
- the resolution at the time of measurement of the measurement object S by the X-ray apparatus 100 can be increased.
- the X-ray generator 30 according to the second embodiment since the second intermediate electrode 242 is grounded, the target 22 having the same potential as the second intermediate electrode 242 has a ground potential. Generally, since the mounting table 31 is grounded via the frame 6 or the like, the object S to be measured mounted on the mounting table 31 and the target 22 having the ground potential have the same potential.
- the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and different points will be mainly described. Points that are not particularly described are the same as those in the first embodiment.
- the X-ray emitted from the target is measured using a test chart or the like, and the phase of the first and second high voltage power supply units is controlled based on the measurement result. Different from form.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of the X-ray generator 30 according to the third embodiment.
- the control device 5 of the X-ray apparatus 100 further includes an image evaluation unit 55 as a function, and the X-ray generation device 30 has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment.
- X-rays from the X-ray generator 2 are incident on the detector 4 after irradiating a test piece TP (for example, a JIMA chart) in which fine slits and the like are formed.
- TP for example, a JIMA chart
- the detector 4 converts the intensity distribution of the transmitted X-rays that have passed through the test piece TP into an electrical signal and outputs the electrical signal to the image generation unit 53 of the control device 5.
- the image generation unit 53 generates projection image data of the test piece TP based on the input electrical signal.
- the image evaluation unit 55 uses the generated projection image data to determine the sharpness of the projected image of the edge portion based on the contrast of the slits and the like formed on the test piece TP. In this case, the image evaluation unit 55 determines that the sharpness is low when the contrast is low. When the sharpness is lower than the predetermined threshold, the image evaluation unit 55 determines that the spot size of the electron beam has changed due to the influence of the fluctuation component L3 of the acceleration voltage V3.
- the predetermined value is a value measured and calculated based on an experiment or the like, and is stored in a predetermined storage area (not shown) in advance.
- a control signal is output to the second AC voltage generator 271 so that the phases of the fluctuation components L1 and L2 are shifted by a half cycle (180 degrees).
- an amount of phase shift from the state at the time of measurement is set in advance based on the difference between the detected sharpness and the threshold value.
- a table or the like in which the difference between the detected sharpness and the threshold value is associated with the amount of phase shift is stored in a predetermined storage area in advance.
- one that delays the phase of the pulse wave by the first AC voltage generator 261 is also included in one aspect of the present invention.
- the X-ray control unit 51 may adjust the phase of the AC voltage by the second AC voltage generation unit 271 in accordance with the operation of an operation member (not shown) performed by the user who has received the notification.
- the following functions and effects are obtained in addition to the functions and effects obtained by the first embodiment.
- the detector 4 detects a projection image of the test piece TP generated by the X-rays generated from the target 22, and the image generation unit 53 of the control device 5 acquires the projection image data of the test piece TP detected by the detector 4.
- the image evaluation unit 55 determines the sharpness using the projection image data.
- the X-ray control unit 51 controls at least one of the first high voltage power supply 26 or the second high voltage power supply 27 based on the determined sharpness.
- the first high-voltage power supply 26 or the second high-voltage power supply 26 or the second high-voltage power supply 26 is checked while checking the fluctuation component L3 generated in the acceleration voltage V3 by performing feedback using the sharpness of the projection image data based on the electric signal output from the detector 4.
- At least one of the voltage power sources 27 can be adjusted. As a result, the adjustment accuracy of the phase difference is improved, and the variation of the spot size when the electron beam collides with the target 22 is suppressed, thereby contributing to the improvement of the measurement accuracy.
- the case where the X-ray generator 30 is configured using the X-ray generator 2 described in the second embodiment is also included in one aspect of the present invention.
- the spot size when the electron beam collides with the target 22 can be suppressed, the resolution at the time of measurement of the measurement object S by the X-ray apparatus 100 can be increased.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of the X-ray generator 30 in the fourth embodiment.
- the X-ray generator 2 of the present embodiment is provided with a first intermediate electrode 241 and a second intermediate electrode 242 instead of the intermediate electrode 24 in the first embodiment,
- a third high voltage power supply unit 28 is provided in series.
- the first intermediate electrode 241 and the second intermediate electrode 242 are provided between the filament 21 and the electro-optical member 25.
- the first intermediate electrode 241 is provided on the filament 21 side
- the second intermediate electrode 242 is provided on the electro-optic member 25 side.
- the first high voltage power supply unit 26 is electrically connected to the filament 21 and the first intermediate electrode 241, and applies a negative voltage to the filament 21 with respect to the first intermediate electrode 241.
- the first high voltage power supply unit 26 is controlled by the X-ray control unit 51 and applies the first high voltage V ⁇ b> 1 between the filament 21 and the first intermediate electrode 241.
- the second high voltage power supply unit 37 is electrically connected to the first intermediate electrode 241 and the second intermediate electrode 242, and applies a positive voltage to the second intermediate electrode 242 with respect to the first intermediate electrode 241.
- the second high voltage power supply unit 37 is controlled by the X-ray control unit 51 and applies the second high voltage V ⁇ b> 2 between the first intermediate electrode 241 and the second intermediate electrode 242.
- the third high voltage power supply unit 28 is electrically connected to the second intermediate electrode 242 and the target 22, and applies a positive voltage to the target 22 with respect to the second intermediate electrode 242.
- the third high voltage power supply unit 28 is controlled by the X-ray control unit 51 and applies a third high voltage V4 between the second intermediate electrode 242 and the target 22.
- FIG. 9A is a circuit configuration diagram of the first high voltage power supply unit 26
- FIG. 9B is a circuit configuration diagram of the second high voltage power supply unit 37
- FIG. 9C is a diagram of the third high voltage power supply unit 28. It is a circuit block diagram.
- the first high voltage power supply unit 26 and the second high voltage power supply unit 37 have the same circuit configuration as the first high voltage power supply unit 26 and the second high voltage power supply unit 37 in the second embodiment shown in FIG. .
- the output terminal 262 a 2 on the secondary winding 261 b 2 side of the first multiple voltage rectifier circuit 262 is connected to the first intermediate electrode 241, and the output terminal 262 a 1 is connected to the filament 21.
- the ground electrode 372 a 2 of the second multiple voltage rectifier circuit 372 is connected to the second intermediate electrode 242, and the output end 372 a 1 is connected to the first intermediate electrode 241. Therefore, the first multiple voltage rectifier circuit 262 boosts the voltage at a predetermined magnification while rectifying the AC voltage output from the first AC voltage generator 261, so that the output terminal is connected to the first intermediate electrode 241. 262a1 can acquire the negative high voltage V1.
- the second multiple voltage rectifier circuit 372 boosts the voltage at a predetermined magnification while rectifying the AC voltage output from the second AC voltage generator 371, thereby increasing the second intermediate electrode with respect to the first intermediate electrode 241. 242 can acquire a positive high voltage V2.
- the third high voltage power supply unit 28 includes a third AC voltage generation unit 281 and a third multiple voltage rectification circuit 282.
- the third AC voltage generator 281 has the same configuration as the first AC voltage generator 261. That is, when the voltage of the AC power supply 281a of the third AC voltage generator 281 is applied to the primary winding 281b1 of the transformer, a voltage is generated at both ends of the secondary winding 281b2.
- the third multiple voltage rectifier circuit 282 has the same circuit configuration as the second multiple voltage rectifier circuit 272 according to the first embodiment. That is, the polarity of the plurality of diodes in the third multiple voltage rectifier circuit 282 is inverted with respect to the first multiple voltage rectifier circuit 262.
- the ground electrode 282 a 2 of the third multiple voltage rectifier circuit 282 is connected to the second intermediate electrode 242, and the output end 282 a 1 is connected to the target 22. Therefore, the third multiple voltage rectifier circuit 282 boosts the voltage at a predetermined magnification while rectifying the AC voltage output from the third AC voltage generator 281, thereby causing the target 22 to be compared with the second intermediate electrode 242. Can obtain a positive high voltage V3.
- the reference clock signal generation unit 501 of the X-ray control unit 51 includes pulses having the same period corresponding to the period of the reference clock signal to the first AC voltage generation unit 261, the second AC voltage generation unit 371, and the third AC voltage generation unit 281.
- the control signal for generating the AC voltage is output.
- the phase adjustment units 502 a and 502 b of the X-ray control unit 51 delay the phase of the AC voltage from two of the first AC voltage generation unit 261, the second AC voltage generation unit 371, and the third AC voltage generation unit 281. As a result, the generation of the fluctuation component L3 in the acceleration voltage V3 is suppressed.
- the phase of the AC voltage by the second AC voltage generation unit 272 and the third AC voltage generation unit 281 is delayed will be described.
- the phase adjustment unit 502 a of the X-ray control unit 51 delays the phase of the AC voltage by the second AC voltage generation unit 371, for example, the AC voltage of the first AC voltage generation unit 261 and the second AC voltage generation unit 371.
- the phase difference from the AC voltage is set to 120 degrees.
- the phase adjustment unit 502b delays the phase of the AC voltage by the third AC voltage generation unit 281 so that, for example, the AC voltage of the second AC voltage generation unit 371 and the AC voltage of the third AC voltage generation unit 281 are The phase difference is set to 120 degrees.
- FIG. 10 schematically shows a state in which the fluctuation component of the acceleration voltage V3 is controlled.
- the horizontal axis is time t
- the fluctuation component generated by the first multiple voltage rectification circuit 262 is L1
- the fluctuation component generated by the second multiple voltage rectification circuit 372 is L2
- the third multiple voltage rectification is denoted by L4
- the variation component generated by the circuit 282 is denoted by L4
- the variation component of the acceleration voltage V3 for accelerating the electron beam emitted from the filament 21 is denoted by L3.
- the position of the second intermediate electrode 242 is the ground
- the potential difference from the ground of the fluctuation component L1 is V1_1a
- the potential difference from the ground of the fluctuation component L2 is V2_2a
- the potential difference from the ground of the component L4 is V4_2a. Therefore, the fluctuation component L3 of the acceleration voltage V3 at time t1 is (V1_1a + V2_2a + V4_2a).
- 1a indicated by the subscript indicates the potential at the peak of each fluctuation component
- 2a indicated by the subscript indicates the potential of each fluctuation component when the phase is shifted by 120 degrees from the peak. Show.
- the potential difference of the fluctuation component L1 is V1_2a
- the potential difference of the fluctuation component L2 is V2_1a
- the potential difference of the fluctuation component L4 is V4_2a. Therefore, the fluctuation component L3 of the acceleration voltage V3 at time t2 is (V1_2a + V2_1a + V4_2a).
- the potential difference of the fluctuation component L1 is V1_2a
- the potential difference of the fluctuation component L2 is V2_2a
- the potential difference of the fluctuation component L4 is V4_1a. Therefore, the fluctuation component L3 of the acceleration voltage V3 at time t3 is (V1_2a + V2_2a + V4_1a).
- any one of the fluctuation components L1, L2, and L3 is a peak potential, and the remaining two are potentials in a state where the phase is shifted by 120 degrees from the peak time. Therefore, the potentials (V1_1a + V2_2a + V4_2a), (V1_2a + V2_1a + V4_2a) and (V1_2a + V2_2a + V4_1a) of the fluctuation component L3 of the acceleration voltage V3 between the filament 21 and the target 22 at times t1, t2, and t3 are It becomes substantially the same.
- the potential difference between the filament 21 and the target 22 varies at timings different from the times t1, t2, and t3.
- the fluctuation components generated in the first high-voltage power supply unit 26, the second high-voltage power supply unit 37, and the third high-voltage power supply unit 28 are equal, Can be suppressed to 1/9 of the amplitude of the fluctuation component generated in the part. Therefore, as a result, the electron beam is accelerated without being fluctuated by the acceleration voltage V3, so that the electron beam is suppressed in the aberration amount due to the electron optical member 25, and the spot size is suppressed in the X-ray state.
- X-rays are emitted from the generator 2.
- a first intermediate electrode 241 was disposed between the filament 21 and the target 22, and a second intermediate electrode 242 was disposed between the first intermediate electrode 241 and the target 22.
- the first high voltage power supply 26 applies a first high voltage V 1 between the filament 21 and the first intermediate electrode 241, and the second high voltage source 37 is connected between the first intermediate electrode 241 and the second intermediate electrode 242.
- a second high voltage V 2 is applied between them, and the third high voltage power supply 28 applies a third high voltage V 4 between the second intermediate electrode 242 and the target 22.
- the X-ray control unit 51 includes the phase of the fluctuation component L1 of the first high voltage V1 output from the first high voltage power supply 26 and the fluctuation component of the second high voltage V2 output from the second high voltage power supply 37. Control is performed so that two of the phase of L2 and the phase of the fluctuation component L4 of the third high voltage V4 output from the third high voltage power supply 28 are substantially shifted by 120 degrees. Therefore, even when the number of high voltage power supplies is increased for the purpose of increasing the acceleration of the electron beam, the fluctuation component L3 is suppressed from being generated in the acceleration voltage V3, and the spot size fluctuation can be suppressed. In this state, X-rays are emitted from the X-ray generator 2. Therefore, fluctuations in the resolution of the projected image when X-rays emitted from the target are acquired by the detector 4 can be suppressed, and the measurement accuracy of the object to be measured can be maintained.
- the X-ray control unit 51 determines (360 degrees / n) for each (n ⁇ 1) high-voltage power supply units. It is only necessary to adjust so that the phase is shifted.
- the phase of each high-voltage power supply may be controlled using an image obtained by photographing the test piece TP. That is, at least two of the first high voltage power supply unit 26, the second high voltage power supply unit 37, and the third high voltage power supply unit 28 may be adjusted while confirming the fluctuation component L3 generated in the acceleration voltage V3. As a result, the adjustment accuracy of the phase difference is improved, and the variation of the spot size when the electron beam collides with the target 22 is suppressed, thereby contributing to the improvement of the measurement accuracy.
- the structure manufacturing system of the present embodiment creates a molded product such as an electronic component including, for example, an automobile door portion, an engine portion, a gear portion, and a circuit board.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the structure manufacturing system 400 according to the present embodiment.
- the structure manufacturing system 400 includes the X-ray apparatus 100, the design apparatus 410, the molding apparatus 420, the control system 430, and the repair apparatus 440 described in the first to fourth embodiments.
- the design device 410 performs a design process for creating design information related to the shape of the structure.
- the design information is information indicating the coordinates of each position of the structure.
- the design information is output to the molding apparatus 420 and a control system 430 described later.
- the molding apparatus 420 performs a molding process for creating and molding a structure using the design information created by the design apparatus 410.
- the molding apparatus 420 includes one that performs at least one of casting, forging, and cutting in one embodiment of the present invention.
- the X-ray apparatus 100 performs a measurement process for measuring the shape of the structure molded by the molding apparatus 420.
- the X-ray apparatus 100 outputs information (hereinafter referred to as shape information) indicating the coordinates of the structure, which is a measurement result of the structure, to the control system 430.
- the control system 430 includes a coordinate storage unit 431 and an inspection unit 432.
- the coordinate storage unit 431 stores design information created by the design apparatus 410 described above.
- the inspection unit 432 determines whether the structure molded by the molding device 420 is molded according to the design information created by the design device 410. In other words, the inspection unit 432 determines whether or not the molded structure is a good product. In this case, the inspection unit 432 reads the design information stored in the coordinate storage unit 431 and performs an inspection process for comparing the design information with the shape information input from the X-ray apparatus 100. The inspection unit 432 compares, for example, the coordinates indicated by the design information with the coordinates indicated by the corresponding shape information as the inspection processing, and if the coordinates of the design information and the coordinates of the shape information match as a result of the inspection processing. It is determined that the product is a non-defective product molded according to the design information.
- the inspection unit 432 determines whether or not the coordinate difference is within a predetermined range, and if it is within the predetermined range, it can be restored. Judged as a defective product.
- the inspection unit 432 outputs repair information indicating the defective portion and the repair amount to the repair device 440.
- the defective part is the coordinate of the shape information that does not match the coordinate of the design information
- the repair amount is the difference between the coordinate of the design information and the coordinate of the shape information in the defective part.
- the repair device 440 performs a repair process for reworking a defective portion of the structure based on the input repair information. The repair device 440 performs again the same process as the molding process performed by the molding apparatus 420 in the repair process.
- step S1 the design apparatus 410 creates design information related to the shape of the structure by the design process, and proceeds to step S2.
- step S2 the forming apparatus 420 creates and forms a structure based on the design information by the forming process, and proceeds to step S3.
- step S3 the X-ray apparatus 100 performs a measurement process, measures the shape of the structure, outputs shape information, and proceeds to step S4.
- step S4 the inspection unit 432 performs an inspection process for comparing the design information created by the design apparatus 410 with the shape information measured and output by the X-ray apparatus 100, and proceeds to step S5.
- step S5 based on the result of the inspection process, the inspection unit 432 determines whether or not the structure formed by the forming apparatus 420 is a non-defective product. If the structure is a non-defective product, that is, if the coordinates of the design information coincide with the coordinates of the shape information, an affirmative determination is made in step S5 and the process ends. If the structure is not a non-defective product, that is, if the coordinates of the design information do not match the coordinates of the shape information, a negative determination is made in step S5 and the process proceeds to step S6.
- step S6 the inspection unit 432 determines whether or not the defective part of the structure can be repaired. If the defective part is not repairable, that is, if the difference between the coordinates of the design information and the shape information in the defective part exceeds the predetermined range, a negative determination is made in step S6 and the process ends. If the defective part can be repaired, that is, if the difference between the coordinates of the design information and the shape information in the defective part is within a predetermined range, an affirmative determination is made in step S6 and the process proceeds to step S7. In this case, the inspection unit 432 outputs repair information to the repair device 440. In step S7, the repair device 440 performs a repair process on the structure based on the input repair information, and returns to step S3. As described above, the repair device 440 performs again the same processing as the molding processing performed by the molding device 420 in the repair processing.
- the X-ray apparatus 100 performs a measurement process for acquiring shape information of a structure created by the molding apparatus 420 based on the design process of the design apparatus 410, and the inspection unit 432 of the control system 430 performs the measurement process.
- the inspection processing is performed to compare the shape information acquired in this way with the design information created by the design processing. Therefore, it is possible to determine whether or not a structure is a non-defective product created according to design information by inspecting the defect of the structure and information inside the structure by nondestructive inspection. Contribute to.
- the repair device 440 performs the repair process for performing the molding process again on the structure based on the comparison result of the inspection process. Therefore, when the defective portion of the structure can be repaired, the same processing as the molding process can be performed again on the structure, which contributes to the manufacture of a high-quality structure close to design information.
- a configuration in which the output voltage from the first high voltage power supply unit 26 and / or the second high voltage power supply unit 27 or 37 is variably included is also included in one aspect of the present invention.
- the voltage generated in the secondary winding 261b2 is made variable by providing a configuration in which the voltage applied to the midpoint of the primary winding 261b1 is variable.
- the output voltage from the first multiple voltage rectifier circuit 262 can be made variable.
- the ripple waveform is not limited to a triangular waveform.
- the ripple waveform is triangular. It becomes.
- the high voltage power supply unit is configured with an AC voltage having a period longer than the charge / discharge time, a trapezoidal ripple component is generated. Even when such a ripple component occurs, the present invention can be applied to suppress the generation of a fluctuation component in the acceleration voltage between the filament 21 and the target 22.
- the X-ray generator 2 and the detector 4 may be moved relative to the measurement object S in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions. Further, instead of rotating the mounting table 31 around the rotation axis Yr, the X-ray generator 2 and the detector 4 may be rotated relative to the mounting table 31, that is, rotated around the rotation axis Yr. .
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and other forms conceivable within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention are also included in the scope of the present invention. .
Abstract
Description
本発明の第2の態様によると、第1の態様のX線発生装置において、第1の高電圧電源から出力される第1の高電圧の変動成分の位相と、第2の高電圧電源から出力される第2の高電圧の変動成分の位相とが所定の関係となるように、第1の高電圧電源または第2の高電圧電源の少なくとも一方を制御する位相設定部を備えることが好ましい。
本発明の第3の態様によると、第2の態様のX線発生装置において、第1の高電圧の変動成分の周期と、第2の高電圧の変動成分の周期とは、実質的に同一であり、位相設定部は、第1の高電圧の変動成分の位相と第2の高電圧の変動成分の位相とが実質的に180度ずれるように、第1の高電圧電源または第2の高電圧電源の少なくとも一方を制御することが好ましい。
本発明の第4の態様によると、第2または第3の態様のX線発生装置において、第1の高電圧電源と第2の高電圧電源は、交流電圧発生部と、交流電圧発生部から出力された電圧に対して所定倍の第1または第2の高電圧を生成する多倍圧整流回路とを有し、交流電圧発生部は、位相設定部から出力される制御信号に基づいて、所定の周期の交流電圧を発生すことが好ましい。
本発明の第5の態様によると、第4の態様のX線発生装置において、多倍圧整流回路は、複数の静電容量素子を備えることが好ましい。
本発明の第6の態様によると、第2乃至第5の何れかの態様のX線発生装置において、カソードとターゲットとの間に配置された第1の中間電極と、第1の中間電極とターゲットとの間に配置された第2の中間電極と、を更に備え、第1の高電圧電源は、カソードと第1の中間電極との間に第1の高電圧を印加し、第2の高電圧源は、第1の中間電極と第2の中間電極との間に第2の高電圧を印加することが好ましい。
本発明の第7の態様によると、第6の態様のX線発生装置において、第2の中間電極とターゲットとの間に配置された電子線収束部を更に備えることが好ましい。
本発明の第8の態様によると、第2乃至第5の何れかの態様のX線発生装置において、カソードとターゲットとの間に配置された第1の中間電極を更に備え、第1の高電圧電源は、カソードと第1の中間電極との間に第1の高電圧を印加し、第2の高電圧源は、第1の中間電極とターゲットとの間に第2の高電圧を印加することが好ましい。
本発明の第9の態様によると、第8の態様のX線発生装置において、第1の中間電極とターゲットとの間に配置された電子線収束部を更に備えることが好ましい。
本発明の第10の態様によると、第2乃至第9の何れかの態様のX線発生装置において、ターゲットから発生されるX線を検出するX線検出部を更に備え、位相設定部は、X線検出部の検出出力に基づき、第1の高電圧電源または第2の高電圧電源の少なくとも一方を制御することが好ましい。
本発明の第11の態様によると、カソードから放出された電子線がターゲットに到達することによりX線を放出するX線発生装置であって、カソードとターゲットとの間に配置された第1の中間電極と、カソードと第1の中間電極との間に第1の高電圧を印加する第1の高電圧電源と、第1の中間電極とターゲットとの間に配置された第2の中間電極と、第1の中間電極と第2の中間電極との間に第2の高電圧を印加する第2の高電圧電源と、第2の中間電極とターゲットとの間に第3の高電圧を印加する第3の高電圧電源と、第1の高電圧電源から出力される第1の高電圧の変動成分の位相と、第2の高電圧電源から出力される第2の高電圧の変動成分の位相と、第3の高電圧電源から出力される第2の高電圧の変動成分の位相とが所定の関係となるように、第1の高電圧電源と第2の高電圧電源と第3の高電圧電源との少なくとも2つを制御する位相設定部とを備える。
本発明の第12の態様によると、第11の態様のX線発生装置において、第1の高電圧の変動成分の周期と、第2の高電圧の変動成分の周期と、第3の高電圧の変動成分の周期とは、ほぼ同一であり、位相設定部は、第1の高電圧の変動成分の位相および第2の高電圧の変動成分の位相と、第2の高電圧の変動成分の位相および第3の高電圧の変動成分の位相とがそれぞれ実質的に120度ずれるように、第1の高電圧電源と第2の高電圧電源と第3の高電圧電源とのうちの少なくとも2つを制御することが好ましい。
本発明の第13の態様によると、第11または第12の態様のX線発生装置において、第1の高電圧電源と第2の高電圧電源と第3の高電圧電源とは、交流電圧発生部と、交流電圧発生部から出力された電圧に対して所定倍の第1の高電圧、第2の高電圧または第3の高電圧を生成する多倍圧整流回路とを有し、交流電圧発生部は、位相設定部から出力される制御信号に基づいて、所定の周期の交流電圧を発生することが好ましい。
本発明の第14の態様によると、第13の態様のX線発生装置において、多倍圧整流回路は、複数の静電容量素子を備えることが好ましい。
本発明の第15の態様によると、第11乃至第14の何れかの態様のX線発生装置において、ターゲットから発生されるX線を検出するX線検出部を更に備え、位相設定部は、X線検出部の検出出力に基づき、第1の高電圧電源と第2の高電圧電源と第3の高電圧電源とのうちの少なくとも2つを制御することが好ましい。
本発明の第16の態様によると、X線装置は、第1乃至第15の何れかの態様のX線発生装置と、X線発生装置から放射され、被測定物を通過したX線を検出する検出部と、被測定物に対してX線発生装置および検出部を相対的に移動させる移動部とを備える。
本発明の第17の態様によると、第16の態様のX線装置において、被測定物に対するX線発生装置および検出部の位置が異なる状態で、検出部より検出された複数の投影データに基づいて、被測定物の内部構造情報を生成する再構成部を備えることが好ましい。
本発明の第18の態様によると、構造物の製造方法は、構造物の形状に関する設計情報を作成し、設計情報に基づいて構造物を作成し、作成された構造物の形状を、第17の態様のX線装置を用いて計測して形状情報を取得し、取得された形状情報と設計情報とを比較する。
本発明の第19の態様によると、第18の態様の構造物の製造方法において、形状情報と設計情報との比較結果に基づいて実行され、構造物の再加工を行うことが好ましい。
本発明の第20の態様によると、第19の態様の構造物の製造方法において、構造物の再加工は、設計情報に基づいて構造物の作成を再度行うことが好ましい。
図面を参照しながら、本発明の第1の実施の形態によるX線装置について説明する。X線装置は、被測定物にX線を照射して、被測定物を透過した透過X線を検出することにより、被測定物の内部情報(たとえば内部構造)等を非破壊で取得する。被測定物が、たとえば機械部品や電子部品等の産業用部品が対象である場合には、X線装置は産業用部品を検査する産業用X線CT検査装置と呼ばれる。
また、本実施の形態は、発明の趣旨の理解のために具体的に説明するためのものであり、特に指定の無い限り、本発明を限定するものではない。
X線装置100は、筐体1、X線発生部2、載置部3、検出器4、制御装置5およびフレーム6を備えている。筐体1は、工場等の床面にXZ平面と実質的に平行(水平)となるように配置され、内部にX線発生部2と、載置部3と、検出器4と、フレーム6とが収容される。筐体1は、X線が筐体1の外部に漏洩しないようにするため、材料として鉛を含む。
図3(b)に示す第2高電圧電源部27では、第2多倍圧整流回路272の構成が、第1高電圧電源部26の第1多倍圧整流回路262の構成と相違する。第2多倍圧整流回路272は、第1多倍圧整流回路262に対して複数のダイオードの極性が反転している。したがって、グランド電極272a2に対して出力端272a1は正の高電圧を取得できる。出力端272a1はターゲット22に接続され、グランド電極272a2は中間電極24に接続される。
図4(a)にX線制御部51により位相が所定関係となるように制御されていない場合の一例を模式的に示す。図4(a)の時刻t1においては、中間電極24の位置をグランドとした場合に、第1の高電圧V1の変動成分L1のグランドからの電位差はV1_1a、第2の高電圧V2の変動成分L2のグランドからの電位差はV2_1aである。このため、時刻t1において加速電圧V3における変動成分L3の電位差は(V1_1a+V2_1a)となる。なお、図4においては、発明の理解を容易にすることを目的として、グランドからの電位差V1_1aと電位差V2_1aの値は等しいものとして扱う。
第2高電圧電源27は、第1高電圧電源26が発生する第1の高電圧V1の変動成分L1の位相に対して第2の高電圧V2の変動成分L2の位相が所定の関係となるように第2の高電圧V2を出力するようにした。具体的には、X線制御部51は、第1高電圧電源26から出力される第1の高電圧V1の変動成分L1の位相と、第2高電圧電源27から出力される第2の高電圧V2の変動成分L2の位相とが実質的に180度ずれるように、第1高電圧電源26または第2高電圧電源27の少なくとも一方を制御するようにした。したがって、第1の高電圧V1と第2の高電圧V2を加算した加速電圧V3においては、変動成分L3の発生が抑制されるので、電子線が加速電圧V3によって変動することなく加速される。この結果、電子線が電子光学部材25による収差量の変動が抑制され、スポットサイズの変動が抑えられた状態で、X線発生部2からX線が放射される。したがって、ターゲットから放射されるX線を検出器4で取得した場合の投影像の分解能の変動を抑え、被測定物の測定精度を維持することができる。
図面を参照して、本発明によるX線装置の第2の実施の形態を説明する。以下の説明では、第1の実施の形態と同じ構成要素には同じ符号を付して相違点を主に説明する。特に説明しない点については、第1の実施の形態と同じである。本実施の形態では、X線発生部が2つの中間電極を備える点で、第1の実施の形態と異なる。
フィラメント21とターゲット22との間に第1中間電極241を配置し、第1中間電極241とターゲット22との間に第2中間電極242を配置した。第1高電圧電源26はフィラメント21と第1中間電極241との間に第1の高電圧V1を印加し、第2高電圧源37は、第1中間電極241と第2中間電極242との間に第2の高電圧V2を印加する。そして、第2中間電極242とターゲット22との間に電子光学部材25を配置した。したがって、第1高電圧電源26および第2高電圧電源37によって加速が終了し、一定の速度で進む電子線を電子光学部材25にて収束させることができるので、電子線がターゲット22に衝突する際のスポットサイズを小さくすることができる。その結果、X線装置100による被測定物Sの計測時における解像度を高めることができる。
さらに、第2の実施の形態によるX線発生装置30によれば、第2中間電極242がグランドされるため、第2中間電極242と同電位のターゲット22はグランド電位となる。一般的に載置台31はフレーム6等を介して接地されているため、載置台31に載置された被測定物Sと、グランド電位とされたターゲット22とが同電位となる。このため、第1の実施の形態のようにターゲット22に正の高電位が印加される場合と比べて、ターゲット22から被測定物Sとの間に大きな電位差が生じることを抑制できる。すなわち、ターゲット22と被測定物Sとの間を非常に狭い間隔とした場合であっても、ターゲット22から異常放電が起こることを抑制できるので、被測定物Sの投影像を高倍率で取得することが可能となる。
図面を参照して、本発明によるX線装置の第3の実施の形態を説明する。以下の説明では、第1の実施の形態と同じ構成要素には同じ符号を付して相違点を主に説明する。特に説明しない点については、第1の実施の形態と同じである。本実施の形態では、ターゲットから放射したX線をテストチャート等を用いて計測し、計測結果に基づいて第1および第2高電圧電源部の位相を制御する備える点で、第1の実施の形態と異なる。
検出器4はターゲット22から発生されたX線によるテストピースTPの投影像を検出し、制御装置5の画像生成部53は検出器4にて検出されたテストピースTPの投影画像データを取得し、その投影画像データを用いて画像評価部55は尖鋭度を判定する。X線制御部51は、判定された尖鋭度に基づき、第1高電圧電源26または第2高電圧電源27の少なくとも一方を制御するようにした。したがって、検出器4から出力される電気信号に基づく投影画像データの尖鋭度を用いてフィードバックすることにより、加速電圧V3に生じた変動成分L3を確認しながら第1高電圧電源26または第2高電圧電源27の少なくとも一方を調節することができる。この結果、位相差の調節精度を向上させ、電子線がターゲット22に衝突する際のスポットサイズの変動を抑えて計測精度の向上に寄与する。
図面を参照して、本発明によるX線装置の第4の実施の形態を説明する。以下の説明では、第1の実施の形態と同じ構成要素には同じ符号を付して相違点を主に説明する。特に説明しない点については、第1の実施の形態と同じである。本実施の形態では、X線発生部が3個の高電圧電源部を備える点で、第1の実施の形態と異なる。
フィラメント21とターゲット22との間に第1中間電極241を配置し、第1中間電極241とターゲット22との間に第2中間電極242を配置した。第1高電圧電源26はフィラメント21と第1中間電極241との間に第1の高電圧V1を印加し、第2高電圧源37は、第1中間電極241と第2中間電極242との間に第2の高電圧V2を印加し、第3高電圧電源28は第2中間電極242とターゲット22との間に第3の高電圧V4を印加する。X線制御部51は、第1高電圧電源26から出力される第1の高電圧V1の変動成分L1の位相と、第2高電圧電源37から出力される第2の高電圧V2の変動成分L2の位相と、第3高電圧電源28から出力される第3の高電圧V4の変動成分L4の位相とのうちの2つを実質的に120度ずれるよう制御する。したがって、電子線の加速度を増大させることを目的として高電圧電源の個数を増加させた場合であっても、加速電圧V3に変動成分L3が発生することを抑制し、スポットサイズの変動が抑えられた状態で、X線発生部2からX線が放射される。したがって、ターゲットから放射されるX線を検出器4で取得した場合の投影像の分解能の変動を抑え、被測定物の測定精度を維持することができる。
図面を参照して、本発明の実施の形態による構造物製造システムを説明する。本実施の形態の構造物製造システムは、たとえば自動車のドア部分、エンジン部分、ギア部分および回路基板を備える電子部品等の成型品を作成する。
ステップS1では、設計装置410は設計処理により構造物の形状に関する設計情報を作成してステップS2へ進む。ステップS2では、成形装置420は成形処理により、設計情報に基づいて構造物を作成、成形してステップS3へ進む。ステップS3においては、X線装置100は測定処理を行って、構造物の形状を計測し、形状情報を出力してステップS4へ進む。
(1)X線装置100は、設計装置410の設計処理に基づいて成形装置420により作成された構造物の形状情報を取得する測定処理を行い、制御システム430の検査部432は、測定処理にて取得された形状情報と設計処理にて作成された設計情報とを比較する検査処理を行う。したがって、構造物の欠陥の検査や構造物の内部の情報を非破壊検査によって取得し、構造物が設計情報の通りに作成された良品であるか否かを判定できるので、構造物の品質管理に寄与する。
(1)第1高電圧電源部26および/または第2高電圧電源部27または37からの出力電圧を可変に構成したものについても本発明の一態様に含まれる。この場合、図3に示す回路図において、一次巻線261b1の中点に印加する電圧を可変とする構成を設けることにより、2次巻線261b2に生じる電圧を可変とする。この結果、第1多倍圧整流回路262からの出力電圧を可変とすることが可能となる。
21…フィラメント、22…ターゲット、24…中間電極、
25…電子光学部材、26…第1高電圧電源部、27、37…第2高電圧電源部、
28…第3高電圧電源部、30…X線発生装置、51…X線制御部、
53…画像生成部、54…画像再構成部、55…画像評価部、241…第1中間電極、
242…第2中間電極、261…第1交流電圧発生部、262…第1多倍圧整流回路、
271、371…第2交流電圧発生部、272、372…第2多倍圧整流回路、
281…第3交流電圧発生部、282…第3多倍圧整流回路、
400…構造物製造システム、410…設計装置、420…成形装置、
430…制御システム、432…検査部、440…リペア装置
Claims (20)
- カソードから放出された電子線がターゲットに到達することによりX線を放出するX線発生装置であって、
前記カソードおよび前記ターゲットの間で互いに直列に接続され、前記電子線をそれぞれ加速する第1及び第2の高電圧電源を有し、
前記第2の高電圧電源は、前記第1の高電圧電源が発生する第1の高電圧の変動成分の位相に対して前記第2の高電圧電源が発生する第2の高電圧の変動成分の位相が所定の関係となるように前記第2の高電圧を出力するX線発生装置。 - 請求項1に記載のX線発生装置において、
前記第1の高電圧電源から出力される前記第1の高電圧の変動成分の位相と、前記第2の高電圧電源から出力される前記第2の高電圧の変動成分の位相とが前記所定の関係となるように、前記第1の高電圧電源または前記第2の高電圧電源の少なくとも一方を制御する位相設定部を備えるX線発生装置。 - 請求項2に記載のX線発生装置において、
前記第1の高電圧の変動成分の周期と、前記第2の高電圧の変動成分の周期とは、実質的に同一であり、
前記位相設定部は、前記第1の高電圧の変動成分の位相と前記第2の高電圧の変動成分の位相とが実質的に180度ずれるように、前記第1の高電圧電源または前記第2の高電圧電源の少なくとも一方を制御するX線発生装置。 - 請求項2または3に記載のX線発生装置において、
前記第1の高電圧電源と前記第2の高電圧電源は、交流電圧発生部と、前記交流電圧発生部から出力された電圧に対して所定倍の前記第1または前記第2の高電圧を生成する多倍圧整流回路とを有し、
前記交流電圧発生部は、前記位相設定部から出力される制御信号に基づいて、所定の周期の交流電圧を発生するX線発生装置。 - 請求項4に記載のX線発生装置において、
前記多倍圧整流回路は、複数の静電容量素子を備えるX線発生装置。 - 請求項2乃至5の何れか一項に記載のX線発生装置において、
前記カソードと前記ターゲットとの間に配置された第1の中間電極と、
前記第1の中間電極と前記ターゲットとの間に配置された第2の中間電極と、を更に備え、
前記第1の高電圧電源は、前記カソードと前記第1の中間電極との間に前記第1の高電圧を印加し、
前記第2の高電圧源は、前記第1の中間電極と前記第2の中間電極との間に前記第2の高電圧を印加するX線発生装置。 - 請求項6に記載のX線発生装置において、
前記第2の中間電極と前記ターゲットとの間に配置された電子線収束部を更に備えるX線発生装置。 - 請求項2乃至5の何れか一項に記載のX線発生装置において、
前記カソードと前記ターゲットとの間に配置された第1の中間電極を更に備え、
前記第1の高電圧電源は、前記カソードと前記第1の中間電極との間に前記第1の高電圧を印加し、
前記第2の高電圧源は、前記第1の中間電極と前記ターゲットとの間に前記第2の高電圧を印加するX線発生装置。 - 請求項8に記載のX線発生装置において、
前記第1の中間電極と前記ターゲットとの間に配置された電子線収束部を更に備えるX線発生装置。 - 請求項2乃至9の何れか一項に記載のX線発生装置において、
前記ターゲットから発生されるX線を検出するX線検出部を更に備え、
前記位相設定部は、前記X線検出部の検出出力に基づき、前記第1の高電圧電源または前記第2の高電圧電源の少なくとも一方を制御するX線発生装置。 - カソードから放出された電子線がターゲットに到達することによりX線を放出するX線発生装置であって、
前記カソードと前記ターゲットとの間に配置された第1の中間電極と、
前記カソードと前記第1の中間電極との間に第1の高電圧を印加する第1の高電圧電源と、
前記第1の中間電極と前記ターゲットとの間に配置された第2の中間電極と、
前記第1の中間電極と前記第2の中間電極との間に第2の高電圧を印加する第2の高電圧電源と、
前記第2の中間電極と前記ターゲットとの間に第3の高電圧を印加する第3の高電圧電源と、
前記第1の高電圧電源から出力される前記第1の高電圧の変動成分の位相と、前記第2の高電圧電源から出力される前記第2の高電圧の変動成分の位相と、前記第3の高電圧電源から出力される前記第2の高電圧の変動成分の位相とが所定の関係となるように、前記第1の高電圧電源と前記第2の高電圧電源と前記第3の高電圧電源との少なくとも2つを制御する位相設定部とを備えるX線発生装置。 - 請求項11に記載のX線発生装置において、
前記第1の高電圧の変動成分の周期と、前記第2の高電圧の変動成分の周期と、前記第3の高電圧の変動成分の周期とは、ほぼ同一であり、
前記位相設定部は、前記第1の高電圧の変動成分の位相および前記第2の高電圧の変動成分の位相と、前記第2の高電圧の変動成分の位相および前記第3の高電圧の変動成分の位相とがそれぞれ実質的に120度ずれるように、前記第1の高電圧電源と前記第2の高電圧電源と前記第3の高電圧電源とのうちの少なくとも2つを制御するX線発生装置。 - 請求項11または12に記載のX線発生装置において、
前記第1の高電圧電源と前記第2の高電圧電源と前記第3の高電圧電源とは、交流電圧発生部と、前記交流電圧発生部から出力された電圧に対して所定倍の前記第1の高電圧、前記第2の高電圧または前記第3の高電圧を生成する多倍圧整流回路とを有し、
前記交流電圧発生部は、前記位相設定部から出力される制御信号に基づいて、所定の周期の交流電圧を発生するX線発生装置。 - 請求項13に記載のX線発生装置において、
前記多倍圧整流回路は、複数の静電容量素子を備えるX線発生装置。 - 請求項11乃至14の何れか一項に記載のX線発生装置において、
前記ターゲットから発生されるX線を検出するX線検出部を更に備え、
前記位相設定部は、前記X線検出部の検出出力に基づき、前記第1の高電圧電源と前記第2の高電圧電源と前記第3の高電圧電源とのうちの少なくとも2つを制御するX線発生装置。 - 請求項1乃至15の何れか一項に記載のX線発生装置と、
前記X線発生装置から放射され、被測定物を通過したX線を検出する検出部と、
前記被測定物に対して前記X線発生装置および前記検出部を相対的に移動させる移動部とを備えるX線装置。 - 請求項16に記載のX線装置において、
前記被測定物に対する前記X線発生装置および前記検出部の位置が異なる状態で、前記検出部より検出された複数の投影データに基づいて、前記被測定物の内部構造情報を生成する再構成部を備えるX線装置。 - 構造物の形状に関する設計情報を作成し、
前記設計情報に基づいて前記構造物を作成し、
作成された前記構造物の形状を、請求項17に記載のX線装置を用いて計測して形状情報を取得し、
前記取得された前記形状情報と前記設計情報とを比較する構造物の製造方法。 - 請求項18に記載の構造物の製造方法において、
前記形状情報と前記設計情報との比較結果に基づいて実行され、前記構造物の再加工を行う構造物の製造方法。 - 請求項19に記載の構造物の製造方法において、
前記構造物の再加工は、前記設計情報に基づいて前記構造物の作成を再度行う構造物の製造方法。
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