WO2015145529A1 - ワイヤ放電加工装置および加工方法 - Google Patents
ワイヤ放電加工装置および加工方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015145529A1 WO2015145529A1 PCT/JP2014/058019 JP2014058019W WO2015145529A1 WO 2015145529 A1 WO2015145529 A1 WO 2015145529A1 JP 2014058019 W JP2014058019 W JP 2014058019W WO 2015145529 A1 WO2015145529 A1 WO 2015145529A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
- B23H7/02—Wire-cutting
- B23H7/06—Control of the travel curve of the relative movement between electrode and workpiece
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
- B23H7/14—Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply
- B23H7/20—Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply for programme-control, e.g. adaptive
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wire electric discharge machining apparatus and a machining method for the wire electric discharge machining apparatus.
- the wire electrical discharge machining apparatus can perform taper machining by tilting the wire electrode.
- a technique for correcting a taper angle amount according to a taper angle is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).
- a technique for correcting an error of a taper angle caused by the clearance of the wire guide by correcting the command movement vector of the machining axis or the taper axis based on the clearance amount of the wire guide is known (for example, patent) Reference 3).
- a force for restoring the wire position acts in the direction opposite to the tilted direction on the wire electrode.
- This force is expressed as restoring force.
- the wire electrode receives a force in the direction opposite to the processed surface due to electric discharge. This force is expressed as repulsive force.
- the direction of the restoring force and the direction of the repulsive force are the same or reversed in each of the upper die and the lower die, depending on whether the taper machining shape is an upper opening shape or a lower opening shape. It becomes. As a result, the machining accuracy may change depending on the taper machining shape.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and a wire electric discharge machining apparatus and machining capable of obtaining as high machining accuracy as possible regardless of whether the taper machining shape is an upper opening shape or a lower opening shape.
- the purpose is to obtain a method.
- the present invention includes a wire electrode that discharges a workpiece and processes the workpiece, and a hole that guides the wire electrode.
- the processing type is a type in which the upper die is positioned on the workpiece side compared to the lower die, or the upper die is opposite to the workpiece compared to the lower die. Whether the type of position is determined based on the machining program to correct the positional relation between the lower die and the upper die according to the type of the determined machining, characterized in that.
- the wire electric discharge machining apparatus changes the correction amount according to the positional relationship between the upper die and the lower die even if the inclination angle of the wire electrode is the same. High machining accuracy can be obtained regardless of whether the shape is a downward opening.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a wire electric discharge machining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a hardware configuration example of the NC control device.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing various dimensions related to the taper processing.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing various dimensions related to the taper processing.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the first type.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the second type.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a functional unit of the NC control device.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of the relationship between the command angle and the type of taper machining stored in the displacement amount storage unit and the amount of vertical displacement.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the type determination method when the first taper machining command is received.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the type determination method when the first taper machining command is received.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the type determination method when the first taper machining command is received.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining a type determination method when the first taper machining command is received.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining a type determination method when a second taper machining command is received.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining a type determination method when a second taper machining command is received.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a first machining shape to be punched.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a first machining shape to be punched.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a change in the amount of vertical displacement when the first machining shape is machined.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a second machining shape to be punched.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a second machining shape to be punched.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating a change in the amount of vertical displacement when the second machining shape is machined.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a wire electric discharge machining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the wire electric discharge machining apparatus 100 includes a wire electrode 1, a pair of power supply 2 that contacts the wire electrode 1, a machining power supply 3, and a table 5 on which a workpiece 4 is mounted.
- the wire electric discharge machining apparatus 100 moves the X axis, an X axis drive 6 that moves the Y axis, a Y axis drive 7 that moves the Y axis, a U axis drive 8 that moves the U axis, and a V axis.
- a V-axis drive device 9 and an upper die 10 and a lower die 11 that serve as fulcrums for the upper and lower wire electrodes when the wire electrode 1 is tilted are provided.
- the wire electric discharge machining apparatus 100 includes an NC control device 12 that controls the machining power source 3, the X-axis drive device 6, the Y-axis drive device 7, the U-axis drive device 8, and the V-axis drive device 9.
- the wire electrical discharge machining apparatus 100 also converts the wire bobbin 13 that supplies the wire electrode 1, the feed roller 14 that holds the wire electrode 1 while changing the travel direction of the wire electrode 1, and the travel direction of the wire electrode 1. And a collecting roller 16 that collects the wire electrode 1 whose direction has been changed by the lower roller 15.
- the wire electrode 1 is fed from the wire bobbin 13 and the direction is changed by the feed roller 14. Thereafter, the wire electrode 1 passes through the hole of the upper die 10 and the hole of the lower die 11 and performs electric discharge machining on the workpiece 4 while passing between the upper die 10 and the lower die 11.
- the upper die 10 has a hole for guiding the wire electrode 1 and positions the wire electrode above the workpiece 4.
- the lower die 11 has a hole for guiding the wire electrode 1 and positions the wire electrode below the workpiece 4.
- the wire electrode 1 is redirected by the lower roller 15, and is collected in a collection box (not shown) by the collection roller 16.
- the machining power supply 3 applies a voltage between the power supply 2 and the table 5.
- the wire electric discharge machining apparatus 100 processes the workpiece 4 by generating an electric discharge between the workpiece 4 mounted on the table 5 and the wire electrode 1 in contact with the power supply 2.
- the X-axis drive device 6, the Y-axis drive device 7, the U-axis drive device 8, and the V-axis drive device 9 drive any one or all of the workpiece 4, the upper die 10, and the lower die 11.
- the X-axis drive device 6 and the Y-axis drive device 7 move the table 5.
- the positions of the upper die 10 and the lower die 11 move relative to the workpiece 4 on the XY plane.
- the U-axis drive device 8 and the V-axis drive device 9 move the upper die 10.
- the upper die 10 moves relative to the lower die 11.
- the NC control device 12 processes the workpiece 4 while tilting the wire electrode 1 by controlling the X-axis drive device 6, the Y-axis drive device 7, the U-axis drive device 8, and the V-axis drive device 9. Taper processing can be realized.
- tilting the wire electrode 1 means tilting the traveling direction of the wire electrode 1 in a direction different from the direction perpendicular to the XY plane.
- a direction perpendicular to the XY plane is abbreviated as a vertical direction.
- An arbitrary direction along the XY plane is abbreviated as a horizontal direction.
- the U-axis drive device 8 and the V-axis drive device 9 may be configured to move the position of the lower die 11 instead of the upper die 10.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a hardware configuration example of the NC control device 12.
- the NC control device 12 includes an arithmetic device 101, a main storage device 102, an auxiliary storage device 103, an I / O interface 104, and a bus 105.
- the arithmetic device 101, main storage device 102, auxiliary storage device 103, and I / O interface 104 are connected to each other via a bus 105.
- the arithmetic unit 101 is, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit).
- the main storage device 102 is a memory that can be accessed at a higher speed than the auxiliary storage device 103.
- the main storage device 102 is constituted by, for example, a RAM (Random Access Memory).
- the auxiliary storage device 103 is a memory used as a storage area for various data and various data.
- the auxiliary storage device 103 is configured by, for example, a ROM (Read Only Memory), a flash memory, an optical disk, a magnetic disk, a removable memory device, or a combination thereof.
- the I / O interface 104 is an interface device for connecting to the machining power source 3, the X-axis drive device 6, the Y-axis drive device 7, the U-axis drive device 8, and the V-axis drive device 9.
- the auxiliary storage device 103 stores a numerical control program 106 and a machining program 107 in advance. That is, the auxiliary storage device 103 also has a function as a recording medium on which the numerical control program 106 is recorded.
- the machining program 107 is a program describing a procedure for machining the workpiece 4.
- the numerical control program 106 is a firmware program that realizes the execution environment of the machining program 107.
- the arithmetic unit 101 loads the numerical control program 106 from the auxiliary storage device 103 to the main storage device 102.
- the arithmetic device 101 functions as various functional units to be described later by executing the numerical control program 106 loaded in the main storage device 102.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the periphery of the lower die 11 in FIG.
- the upper die 10 is accommodated in the upper nozzle 10-0.
- the lower die 11 is accommodated in the lower nozzle 11-0.
- the fulcrum P1 is a point whose position on the XY plane is equal to the center position of the hole of the upper die 10 and whose position in the vertical direction is equal to the design fulcrum of the upper die 10.
- the cross section of the upper die 10 has a shape of two horizontally arranged circles (cross section 10-1 and cross section 10-2 in FIG. 3), and the position of the fulcrum P1 in the vertical direction is It is equal to the center position of the cross section 10-1 and the center position of the cross section 10-2.
- the upper die 10 and the lower die 11 have an annular shape.
- the fulcrum P2 is a point whose position on the XY plane is equal to the center position of the hole of the lower die 11 and whose position in the vertical direction is equal to the design fulcrum of the lower die 11.
- the cross section of the lower die 11 has a shape of two horizontally arranged circles (the cross section 11-1 and the cross section 11-2 in FIGS. 3 and 4), and the vertical direction of the fulcrum P2 is The position is equal to the center position of the section 11-1 and the center position of the section 11-2.
- ⁇ 1 is the inclination angle of the straight line connecting the fulcrum P1 and the fulcrum P2 from the vertical direction.
- the inclination angle refers to the inclination angle from the vertical direction.
- the actual fulcrum of the wire electrode 1 in each of the dies 10 and 11 varies in the vertical direction from the fulcrum P1 and the fulcrum P2, respectively. Further, since the diameter of the wire electrode 1 is smaller than the inner diameters of the upper die 10 and the lower die 11, the wire position in each of the dies 10 and 11 varies in the horizontal direction. Accordingly, the actual fulcrum of the wire electrode 1 in each of the dies 10 and 11 also varies in the horizontal direction. The fluctuation of the wire position in the horizontal direction will be described later.
- the virtual fulcrum P3 and the fulcrum P4 are defined according to the actual angle of the wire electrode 1 when the straight line connecting the fulcrum P1 and the fulcrum P2 is inclined at the angle ⁇ 1.
- the straight line 400 is a straight line along the inclined portion of the wire electrode 1
- the fulcrum P ⁇ b> 3 is the intersection of the straight line 400 passing through the center position of the hole of the upper die 10 and the straight line 400.
- the fulcrum P4 is an intersection of the straight line 400 and the vertical straight line passing through the center position of the hole of the lower die 11.
- the straight line 500 is a straight line connecting the fulcrum P1 and the fulcrum P2.
- L1 is the vertical distance from the fulcrum P1 to the tip of the upper nozzle 10-0.
- L2 is a vertical distance from the fulcrum P2 to the upper surface of the table 5.
- L3 is the vertical distance from the fulcrum P1 to the fulcrum P3.
- L4 is the vertical distance from the fulcrum P2 to the fulcrum P4.
- L5 is a vertical distance from the tip of the upper nozzle 10-0 to the upper surface of the table 5.
- L6 is the total length of L1, L2, and L5.
- L3 and L4 are defined as follows. That is, when the relationship “the height of the fulcrum P3> the height of the fulcrum P1” is satisfied, the sign of L3 is positive. Further, when the relationship of “the height of the fulcrum P2> the height of the fulcrum P4” is satisfied, the sign of L4 is positive.
- the height is an amount indicating the position in the vertical direction, and is an amount having a value that is larger toward the upper side of the sheet of FIG. According to the example of FIG. 3, L3 and L4 are both negative values.
- the user can indirectly designate the angle ⁇ 1 by designating the position of each of the dies 10 and 11 from the machining program 107, or can directly designate the angle ⁇ 1.
- the angle ⁇ 2 that is the actual inclination angle of the wire electrode 1 does not coincide with the angle ⁇ 1.
- the angle ⁇ 2 is larger than the angle ⁇ 1, and the relationship “L1 + L2 ⁇ L1 + L2 + L3 + L4” is satisfied. In this case, the angle ⁇ 2 is smaller than the angle ⁇ 1.
- the NC control device 12 stores in advance the distance L3 and the distance L4 with respect to the angle ⁇ 1 as the vertical displacement amount. Then, the NC control device 12 calculates a correction amount X1 and a correction amount X2 that are horizontal deviations for correcting the straight line 400 passing between the fulcrum P3 and the fulcrum P4 into a straight line 500 passing through the fulcrum P1 and the fulcrum P2. The vertical displacement amount L3 and the vertical displacement amount L4 are calculated. The NC control device 12 can execute the control so that the actual taper angle matches the angle ⁇ 1 by correcting the horizontal distance between the dies 10 and 11 by the correction amounts X1 and X2. .
- L8 is a horizontal distance between the dies 10 and 11 before correction by the correction amounts X1 and X2.
- the horizontal distance between the dies 10 and 11 before correction by the correction amounts X1 and X2 is referred to as a pre-correction horizontal distance.
- L7 is the distance in the horizontal direction between the dies 10 and 11 after the correction using the correction amounts X1 and X2.
- the horizontal distance between the dies 10 and 11 after correction by the correction amounts X1 and X2 is referred to as a corrected horizontal distance.
- the taper processing is classified into two types.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a first type of two types of taper machining.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a second type of the two types of taper machining. 5 and 6 show examples of punching.
- Punch processing refers to processing in which a portion (hereinafter referred to as a core) that is separated by processing is a product (processed product). In contrast to punching, there is die processing. Die processing refers to processing in which the remaining part from which the core is cut is a product.
- the wire electrode 1 receives a repulsive force in the direction opposite to the machined surface due to electric discharge.
- the processed surface refers to the processed surface of the product.
- the wire electrode 1 receives a restoring force in a direction in which the inclination of the wire electrode 1 is restored.
- the restoring force and the repulsive force both work in the direction opposite to the machining surface of the workpiece 4. Therefore, in the lower die 11, the wire position is constrained to the position farthest from the workpiece 4 in the hole of the lower die 11.
- the restoring force works in the direction of the processed surface of the workpiece 4, but the repulsive force works in the opposite direction to the processed surface of the workpiece 4.
- the wire position moves to the farthest position from the workpiece 4 in the upper die 10.
- Die processing of the downward opening shape also corresponds to the first type. That is, according to the first type, the upper die 10 is located on the opposite side of the product as compared to the lower die 11.
- the restoring force and the repulsive force both work in the direction opposite to the machining surface of the workpiece 4. Therefore, in the upper die 10, the wire position is constrained to the position farthest from the workpiece 4 in the hole of the upper die 10. Further, in the lower die 11, the restoring force works in the direction of the processed surface side of the workpiece 4, but the repulsive force works in the direction opposite to the processed surface of the workpiece 4. Therefore, when the repulsive force is larger than the restoring force, the wire position moves to the farthest position from the workpiece 4 in the lower die 11.
- the pattern in which the direction of the restoring force and the repulsive force is the same in the upper die 10 and the restoring force and the repulsive force are reversed in the lower die 11 is defined as a second type.
- Die processing with an open shape corresponds to the second type. That is, according to the second type, the upper die 10 is positioned closer to the product than the lower die 11.
- the wire position may move in the upper die 10, and in the case of the second type, the wire position may move in the lower die 11. Therefore, even if the taper command angle ⁇ 1 is the same, the distance L3 and the distance L4 are different depending on whether the taper machining type is the first type or the second type. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the NC control device 12 stores the vertical displacement amount for each of the two types.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the functional unit of the NC control device 12.
- the NC control device 12 includes a program input unit 121, a type determination unit 122, a displacement amount storage unit 123, a displacement amount calculation unit 124, a correction amount calculation unit 125, and a correction unit 126.
- the program input unit 121, the type determination unit 122, the displacement amount calculation unit 124, the correction amount calculation unit 125, and the correction unit 126 are functional units that are realized by the calculation device 101 based on the numerical control program 106.
- the displacement amount storage unit 123 is secured in the main storage device 102 or the auxiliary storage device 103.
- the program input unit 121 reads the machining program 107.
- the wire electrode 1 is moved on the locus obtained by offsetting the outside of the product shape by an amount corresponding to the diameter of the wire electrode 1.
- the machining program 107 includes a direction command for designating which of the left and right directions with respect to the traveling direction of the wire electrode 1 should be offset.
- the machining program 107 uses either a method of directly designating the angle ⁇ 1 or a method of designating the angle ⁇ 1 indirectly by designating the positions of the dies 10 and 11, respectively. Can be commanded.
- a command for directly specifying the angle ⁇ 1 is referred to as a first taper machining command.
- a command that indirectly designates the angle ⁇ 1 by designating the positions of the dies 10 and 11 is referred to as a second taper machining command.
- the second taper machining command includes a UV axis command for positioning the U axis and the V axis, and an XY axis command for positioning the X axis and the Y axis.
- the program input unit 121 sends the read machining program 107 to the type determination unit 122, the displacement amount calculation unit 124, and the correction unit 126.
- the displacement amount storage unit 123 stores the vertical direction displacement amounts L3 and L4 in advance for each command angle and each taper type.
- the configuration of data stored in the displacement amount storage unit 123 is arbitrary.
- the displacement amount storage unit 123 stores the vertical direction displacement amounts L3 and L4 in the form of a table using the command angle and the taper type as an index.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of the relationship between the command angle and the type of taper machining stored in the displacement amount storage unit 123 and the vertical direction displacement amounts L3 and L4. According to this example, the vertical displacement amounts L3 and L4 are stored for each taper type.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of the relationship between the command angle and the type of taper machining stored in the displacement amount storage unit 123 and the vertical direction displacement amounts L3 and L4. According to this example, the vertical displacement amounts L3 and L4 are stored for each taper type. In FIG.
- the vertical displacements L3 and L4 are indicated by solid lines, but the vertical displacements L3 and L4 are actually each vertical displacement at each command angle of a predetermined step interval.
- the quantities L3 and L4 are stored as discrete data which are indicated. Each dot shown in the first type L3 represents discrete data.
- the discrete data stored in the displacement amount storage unit 123 includes, for example, the positions of the fulcrums P1, P2, the wire position, and the command angle for each of the first type and the second type while changing the command angle at the step size interval. It is obtained by measuring the angle ⁇ 2. Alternatively, for each of the first type and the second type, it is also possible to actually perform processing while changing the command angle at the step width interval, and obtain from the taper angle of the processed workpiece 4.
- the type determination unit 122 determines whether the taper machining type is the first type or the second type based on the machining program 107 received from the program input unit 121. The determination process by the type determination unit 122 is referred to as type determination.
- the type determination unit 122 performs type determination based on the direction instructed by the direction command and the correspondence between the position of the upper die 10 and the position of the lower die 11.
- the direction in which the wire electrode 1 travels refers to the direction in which the machining position with respect to the workpiece 4 moves.
- 9 to 12 are diagrams for explaining the type determination method when the first taper machining command is received.
- the wire electrode 1 is traveling from the front side to the back side of the paper on the perpendicular to the paper.
- the sign of the command angle is defined as follows. That is, when the position of the upper die 10 is positioned on the right side of the position of the lower die 11 with the wire electrode 1 facing in the traveling direction, the sign of the command angle is positive. In addition, when the position of the upper die 10 is located on the left side of the position of the lower die 11 with the wire electrode 1 facing in the traveling direction, the sign of the command angle is negative. That is, FIGS. 9 and 11 show the case where the sign of the command angle is positive, and FIGS. 10 and 12 show the case where the sign of the command angle is negative.
- the taper type is determined to be the second type.
- the taper type is determined to be the first type.
- the taper type is determined to be the first type.
- the taper type is determined to be the first type.
- the taper type is determined to be the second type.
- FIGS. 13 and 14 are diagrams for explaining the type determination method when the second taper machining command is received.
- the type determination unit 122 calculates the positional relationship between the UV-axis program locus based on the UV-axis command and the XY-axis program locus based on the XY-axis command.
- the program trajectory of the UV axis indicates the trajectory of the upper die 10
- the program trajectory of the XY axis indicates the trajectory of the lower die 11.
- FIG. 13 shows that the second taper machining command causes the XY axis to move from the point A1 (X1, Y1) to the point A2 (X2, Y2), and the UV axis from the point B1 (U1, V1) to the point B2. It shows the case that includes the UV axis command to move to (U2, V2).
- the type determination unit 122 superimposes the XY coordinate system and the UV coordinate system so that the X axis matches the U axis and the Y axis matches the V axis. Then, the type determining unit 122 determines the positional relationship between the vector VA1 based on the XY axis command and the vector VB1 based on the UV axis command.
- the type determination unit 122 is a region on the right side with respect to the direction of the vector VA1 in a two-dimensional coordinate space in which the XY coordinate system and the UV coordinate system are overlapped with a straight line obtained by extending the vector VA1.
- the area is divided into one area 200 and a second area 300 which is a left area with respect to the direction of the vector VA1.
- the type determination unit 122 performs the same type determination as when the command angle is positive.
- the type determination unit 122 performs the same type determination as when the command angle is negative.
- the vector VA1 is obtained by approximation with a straight line.
- the UV axis command is a command to draw a locus of a curve.
- FIG. 14 shows that the second taper machining command causes the XY axis to move from point A3 (X3, Y3) to point A4 (X4, Y4), and the UV axis from point B3 (U3, V3) to point B4.
- a UV axis command for moving (U4, V4) and point B5 (U5, V5) to point B6 (U6, V6) in this order is shown.
- the type determination unit 122 determines the positional relationship between the vector VA2 based on the XY axis command and the vectors VB2, VB3, and VB4 based on the UV axis command. According to the example of FIG.
- the vector VB3 is located on the boundary line between the first region 200 and the second region 300, but both the vector VB2 and the vector VB4 are located in the first region 200.
- the type determination unit 122 treats all vectors based on the UV axis command as existing in the region. On the other hand, when the last vector among the vectors based on the UV axis command exists in a region different from the first vector, the type determination unit 122 determines based on the region where the last vector exists.
- the type determination unit 122 performs the same type determination as when the command angle is negative. Note that the type determination unit 122 may not determine based on the region where the last vector exists. For example, the type determination unit 122 may determine based on a region where the first vector exists. Moreover, the type determination part 122 may determine based on a start point or an end point.
- the type determination unit 122 performs type determination based on the direction commanded by the direction command and the positional relationship between the upper die 10 and the lower die 11.
- the type determination unit 122 sends the determination result to the displacement amount calculation unit 124.
- the displacement amount calculation unit 124 acquires or calculates the command angle ⁇ from the machining program 107 received from the program input unit 121.
- the displacement amount calculation unit 124 acquires the command angle ⁇ from the first taper machining command.
- the displacement amount calculation unit 124 calculates the command angle ⁇ based on the XY axis command and the UV axis command constituting the second taper machining command.
- the displacement amount calculation unit 124 searches the displacement amount storage unit 123 using the command angle ⁇ and the type of taper processing received from the type determination unit 122, and acquires the vertical direction displacement amounts L3 and L4.
- the displacement amount calculation unit 124 interpolates a group of discrete data before and after the acquired or calculated command angle, so that a vertical direction corresponding to the command angle ⁇ is obtained. Displacement amounts L3 and L4 are calculated. The displacement amount calculation unit 124 sends the command angle ⁇ and the vertical direction displacement amounts L3 and L4 to the correction amount calculation unit 125.
- the correction amount calculation unit 125 calculates the correction amounts X1 and X2 using the command angle ⁇ and the vertical direction displacement amounts L3 and L4 received from the displacement amount calculation unit 124. Then, the correction amount calculation unit 125 sends the calculated correction amounts X1 and X2 to the correction unit 126.
- the correction unit 126 calculates the pre-correction horizontal distance L8 based on the machining program 107 received from the program input unit 121. Then, the correction unit 126 calculates the corrected horizontal distance L7 by adding the correction amounts X1 and X2 to the calculated horizontal distance L8 before correction. Then, the correction unit 126 calculates drive commands for the X axis, the Y axis, the U axis, and the V axis so that the horizontal distance between the upper die 10 and the lower die 11 matches the corrected horizontal distance L7.
- the drive commands for the X-axis, Y-axis, U-axis, and V-axis are commands that are finer in time than the commands described in the machining program 107, for example, for each control cycle.
- the drive command is, for example, a command that specifies a movement amount for each control cycle.
- the correction unit 126 generates a drive command by interpolating each command described in the machining program 107. Interpolation by the correction unit 126 is performed by a known method.
- the correction unit 126 performs a smoothing process before or after the interpolation.
- the smoothing process is arbitrary, and is, for example, a moving average calculation, a Gaussian calculation, or a weighted moving average calculation.
- the interpolation of each command described in the machining program 107 can be executed in a function unit before the correction unit 126.
- the program input unit 121 may perform interpolation, and a second command that is a command generated by the interpolation may be input to the type determination unit 122, the displacement amount calculation unit 124, and the correction unit 126.
- the second command may be a command for each control cycle, or may not be a command for each control cycle.
- FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 are diagrams showing an example of a processed shape to be punched.
- the machining shape shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 is referred to as a first machining shape.
- FIG. 15 is a top view of the first processed shape
- FIG. 16 is a perspective view of the first processed shape.
- the wire electrode 1 is advanced in the order of S1, S2, S3, and S4 from the position of P10-P'10.
- the processing process of S1 corresponds to the first type of taper processing because it is an upward opening punch processing.
- the machining process of S3 corresponds to the second type of taper machining because it is a punching process with a downward opening shape.
- the processing processes of S2 and S4 are straight processing because the inclination angle of the wire electrode 1 is zero degrees.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing changes in the vertical direction displacement L3 and the vertical direction displacement L4 when the first machining shape is machined.
- the vertical displacement L3 in the machining process of S1 is different from the vertical displacement L3 in the machining process of S3.
- the vertical displacement amount L3 is smoothly changed in the machining process of S2, and as a result, the vertical displacement amount L3 is prevented from changing suddenly from the machining process of S1 to the machining process of S3. .
- the type determination unit 122 executes type determination for each interpolated second command, the type determination unit 122 can also cope with type switching in the middle of the machining process by the command described in the program input unit 121.
- FIG. 18 and FIG. 19 are diagrams showing examples of different machining shapes to be punched.
- the machining shape shown in FIGS. 18 and 19 is referred to as a second machining shape.
- FIG. 18 is a top view of the second processed shape
- FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the second processed shape.
- the type of taper machining changes midway.
- the taper type is the second type until the wire position advances from P20-P'20 to P22-P'22.
- the taper type is the first type until the wire position advances from P22-P'22 to P21-P'21.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing changes in the vertical displacement amount L3 and the vertical displacement amount L4 when the second machining shape is machined.
- the alternate long and short dash line indicates the vertical displacement L3 and the vertical displacement L4 before the smoothing process
- the solid line indicates the vertical displacement L3 and the vertical displacement L4 after the smoothing process.
- the vertical displacement amounts L3 and L4 are stored in advance in the displacement amount storage unit 123 for each command angle and each taper processing type, but the correction amounts X1 and X2 are It may be stored in advance for each command angle and each taper type.
- the NC control device 12 is the second type in which the upper die 10 is positioned closer to the product side than the lower die 11 during taper machining. Whether the upper die 10 is the first type located on the side opposite to the product compared to the lower die 11 is determined based on the machining program 107. Then, the NC control device 12 corrects the positional relationship between the upper die 10 and the lower die 11 according to the determination result of the type determination. As described above, the wire electric discharge machining apparatus 100 changes the correction amounts X1 and X2 in accordance with the positional relationship between the upper die 10 and the lower die 11 even if the inclination angle of the wire electrode 1 is the same, so that it depends on the type. Compared with the case where the correction amounts X1 and X2 are not changed, high machining accuracy can be obtained regardless of whether the taper machining shape is an upper opening shape or a lower opening shape.
- the NC control device 12 calculates correction amounts X1 and X2 for each processing type and each inclination angle of the wire electrode 1. Thereby, high processing accuracy can be obtained regardless of the inclination angle.
- the NC control device 12 may further calculate the correction amounts X1 and X2 for each inclination direction.
- the displacement storage unit 123 stores vertical displacements L3 and L4 for each taper type, each command angle, and each inclination direction. As a result, even when the vertical displacements L3 and L4 have direction dependency due to the holes of the upper die 10 or the lower die 11 being rectangular, for example, high machining accuracy can be obtained.
- the machining program 107 includes a direction command for designating which of the left and right directions with respect to the traveling direction of the wire electrode 1 should be offset. Then, the NC control device 12 performs type determination based on the direction command. Thereby, the processing type is automatically determined.
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の実施の形態のワイヤ放電加工装置の構成を示す図である。ワイヤ放電加工装置100は、ワイヤ電極1と、ワイヤ電極1に接触する一対の給電子2と、加工電源3と、被加工物4を搭載するテーブル5と、を備えている。また、ワイヤ放電加工装置100は、X軸を移動させるX軸駆動装置6と、Y軸を移動させるY軸駆動装置7と、U軸を移動させるU軸駆動装置8と、V軸を移動させるV軸駆動装置9と、ワイヤ電極1を傾斜させた時の上下のワイヤ電極の支点となる上部ダイス10および下部ダイス11と、を備えている。また、ワイヤ放電加工装置100は、加工電源3、X軸駆動装置6、Y軸駆動装置7、U軸駆動装置8、およびV軸駆動装置9を制御するNC制御装置12を備えている。また、ワイヤ放電加工装置100は、ワイヤ電極1を供給するワイヤボビン13と、ワイヤ電極1の走行方向を変換するとともにワイヤ電極1を狭持する送給ローラ14と、ワイヤ電極1の走行方向を変換する下部ローラ15と、下部ローラ15によって方向変換されたワイヤ電極1を回収する回収ローラ16と、を備えている。
X1=L3×tanθ ・・・(1)
X2=L4×tanθ ・・・(2)
Claims (6)
- 加工物との間で放電し、前記加工物を加工するワイヤ電極と、
前記ワイヤ電極を案内する孔を有し、前記加工物の上方で前記ワイヤ電極を位置決めする上部ダイスと、
前記ワイヤ電極を案内する孔を有し、前記加工物の下方で前記ワイヤ電極を位置決めする下部ダイスと、
前記加工物、前記上部ダイス、および前記下部ダイスの何れかまたは全部を移動させる、駆動系と、
前記駆動系を駆動する駆動指令を、予め記憶する加工プログラムに基づいて生成する制御装置と、
を備え、
前記制御装置は、テーパ加工時に、加工のタイプが、前記上部ダイスが前記下部ダイスに比べて前記加工物側に位置するタイプであるか前記上部ダイスが前記下部ダイスに比べて前記加工物とは反対側に位置するタイプであるかを前記加工プログラムに基づいて判定し、前記判定された加工のタイプに応じて前記上部ダイスと前記下部ダイスとの間の位置関係を補正する、
ことを特徴とするワイヤ放電加工装置。 - 前記制御装置は、前記加工のタイプ毎および前記ワイヤ電極の傾斜角毎に前記位置関係の補正量を算出する、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のワイヤ放電加工装置。 - 前記制御装置は、傾斜方向毎に前記位置関係の補正量を算出する、
ことを特徴とする請求項2に記載のワイヤ放電加工装置。 - 前記制御装置は、
前記加工のタイプ毎および前記ワイヤ電極の傾斜角毎に前記上部ダイスと前記下部ダイスとの間の垂直方向の変位量を予め記憶し、
前記予め記憶される垂直方向の変位量と前記加工プログラムによって指令される傾斜角とに基づいて前記上部ダイスと前記下部ダイスとの間の水平方向の距離を補正する補正量を算出し、
前記算出した補正量を用いて前記上部ダイスと前記下部ダイスとの間の水平方向の距離を補正する、
ことを特徴とする請求項2に記載のワイヤ放電加工装置。 - 前記加工プログラムは、前記ワイヤ電極をオフセットする向きを指定する向き指令を含み、
前記制御装置は、前記向き指令に基づいて前記加工のタイプを判定する、
ことを特徴とする請求項1から請求項4の何れか一項に記載のワイヤ放電加工装置。 - ワイヤ放電加工装置の制御装置が実行する加工方法であって、
テーパ加工時に、加工のタイプが、ワイヤ電極の上部ダイスが前記ワイヤ電極の下部ダイスに比べて加工物側に位置するタイプであるか前記上部ダイスが前記下部ダイスに比べて前記加工物とは反対側に位置するタイプであるかを加工プログラムに基づいて判定するステップと、
前記判定された加工のタイプに応じて前記上部ダイスと前記下部ダイスとの間の位置関係を補正して前記加工物を加工するステップと、
を備えることを特徴とする加工方法。
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CN201480077419.5A CN106163716B (zh) | 2014-03-24 | 2014-03-24 | 线放电加工装置及加工方法 |
JP2014555032A JP5797347B1 (ja) | 2014-03-24 | 2014-03-24 | ワイヤ放電加工装置および加工方法 |
DE112014006404.1T DE112014006404B4 (de) | 2014-03-24 | 2014-03-24 | Drahterodiervorrichtung und Bearbeitungsverfahren |
PCT/JP2014/058019 WO2015145529A1 (ja) | 2014-03-24 | 2014-03-24 | ワイヤ放電加工装置および加工方法 |
US15/127,828 US9868170B2 (en) | 2014-03-24 | 2014-03-24 | Wire electrical discharge machining apparatus and machining method |
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CN113449393A (zh) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-28 | 西安市群健航空精密制造有限公司 | 一种阵列孔加工方法 |
WO2024042625A1 (ja) * | 2022-08-24 | 2024-02-29 | ファナック株式会社 | 支点位置算出方法及び支点位置算出装置 |
WO2024042626A1 (ja) * | 2022-08-24 | 2024-02-29 | ファナック株式会社 | 支点位置算出方法及び支点位置算出装置 |
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JP6162745B2 (ja) * | 2015-05-13 | 2017-07-12 | ファナック株式会社 | 加工開始穴を使用したワーク設置誤差補正機能を備えた数値制御装置 |
WO2021172218A1 (ja) * | 2020-02-25 | 2021-09-02 | ファナック株式会社 | ワイヤ放電加工機、修正装置および修正方法 |
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CN106163716A (zh) | 2016-11-23 |
JPWO2015145529A1 (ja) | 2017-04-13 |
US9868170B2 (en) | 2018-01-16 |
US20170095869A1 (en) | 2017-04-06 |
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