WO2015119010A1 - 固定接点 - Google Patents
固定接点 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015119010A1 WO2015119010A1 PCT/JP2015/052318 JP2015052318W WO2015119010A1 WO 2015119010 A1 WO2015119010 A1 WO 2015119010A1 JP 2015052318 W JP2015052318 W JP 2015052318W WO 2015119010 A1 WO2015119010 A1 WO 2015119010A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fixed contact
- base material
- layer
- contact
- moving contact
- Prior art date
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/02—Contact members
- H01R13/03—Contact members characterised by the material, e.g. plating, or coating materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/54—Contact plating, i.e. electroless electrochemical plating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/30—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of tin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/04—Co-operating contacts of different material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
- H01H1/36—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by sliding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
- H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
- H01H11/041—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by bonding of a contact marking face to a contact body portion
- H01H2011/046—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by bonding of a contact marking face to a contact body portion by plating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/28—Clamped connections, spring connections
- H01R4/48—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a spring, clip, or other resilient member
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fixed contact on which a moving contact slides.
- the moving contact and the fixed contact on which the moving contact slides are often covered with a plating layer.
- the surface of the fixed contact is plated with tin (Sn) for the purpose of reducing the frictional resistance between the two contacts so that the moving contact slides smoothly with respect to the fixed contact.
- silver (Ag) having a lower electrical resistivity than tin (Sn) is frequently used for the purpose of lowering the electrical resistance between the moving contact and the fixed contact (see Patent Document 1).
- JP2013-189680A JP 2013-189680 A
- the plating using silver which is a noble metal
- has a high material cost and in order to avoid the high material cost, an attempt is made to increase the contact area between the moving contact and the fixed contact to lower the electrical resistance. Leads to an increase in the size of the contact and the connector having the contact.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fixed contact that can keep the electric resistance with a moving contact low without causing an increase in cost and size.
- a fixed contact according to the first aspect of the present invention is a fixed contact on which a moving contact slides, and includes a base material and a coating layer covering the base material, and the base material is a coating layer. It is made of a material having a higher electrical resistivity.
- the base material Since the base material has a higher electrical resistivity than the covering layer, the current flowing in the fixed contact spreads in a wider range in the covering layer than in the base material. Therefore, even if the base material is covered with a coating layer using a non-noble metal material instead of a noble metal material having a low electrical resistivity, the current flowing range is diffused over a wide range in the coating layer, and a wide range in the base material is Can flow.
- the electric current flow rate of the fixed contact can be reduced by expanding the current flow range in the base material, and the moving contact can be performed without increasing the cost and size.
- the electrical resistance (contact resistance) can be kept low.
- the covering layer may be configured by laminating a plurality of layers having different materials.
- the layer closer to the base material may be made of a material having a higher electrical resistivity than the layer closer to the surface of the coating layer.
- the coating layer may be configured using tin (Sn).
- the electrical resistance (contact resistance) between the movable contact and the mobile contact can be kept low without causing an increase in cost and an increase in size.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a fixed contact according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing the moving contact of the first comparative example in which the contact area with respect to the fixed contact is increased.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a moving contact of a second comparative example in which the electric resistivity of the plating layer is higher than the electric resistivity of the base material.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a fixed contact according to the second embodiment.
- the fixed contact according to the embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
- the embodiment will be described by taking as an example the case of a stationary contact in which a large current flows between the moving contact, such as an electric vehicle (EV) or a hybrid vehicle (HEV, a vehicle in which an engine and a motor-generator are combined).
- a stationary contact in which a large current flows between the moving contact
- EV electric vehicle
- HEV hybrid vehicle
- a vehicle in which an engine and a motor-generator are combined such as an electric vehicle (EV) or a hybrid vehicle (HEV, a vehicle in which an engine and a motor-generator are combined).
- EV electric vehicle
- HEV hybrid vehicle
- the fixed contact 1 is configured by covering the surface of a base material 3 with a plating layer (covering layer) 5 and accommodated in a male connector housing (not shown). Yes.
- the surface 5 a of the plating layer 5 is covered with an antioxidant coating 7.
- the antioxidant coating 7 constitutes a sliding surface 1a of the fixed contact 1 on which a moving contact 9 having an arcuate cross section housed in a female connector housing (not shown) slides when the male connector is fitted to the female connector.
- the contact resistance (electrical resistance) R between the plating layer 5 and the moving contact 9 is ⁇ as the electric resistivity (volume resistivity) of the plating layer 5, the contact radius between the fixed contact 1 and the moving contact 9 is a,
- the base material 3 is made of a plate material such as an alloy of copper (Cu) or aluminum (Al) or stainless steel, and the plating layer 5 is more electrically than the base material 3.
- tin (Sn) having a low resistivity is formed by plating the surface of the base material 3.
- the base material 3 has a higher electrical resistivity than the plating layer 5, and thus the current flowing through the fixed contact 1 is schematically shown by the broken-line arrows in FIG. 1.
- the current flowing through the fixed contact 1 is schematically shown by the broken-line arrows in FIG. 1.
- the current flowing range is diffused in a wide range in the plating layer 5.
- the current can flow in a wider range in the base material 3 than when the moving contact 9 slides directly on the base material 3.
- the moving contact 9A is not configured to increase the contact area with respect to the fixed contact 1A as in the first comparative example shown in FIG.
- the fixed contact 1B which is a plating layer 5A having a higher electrical resistivity than the base material 3 as in the second comparative example shown in FIG.
- the electrical resistance with respect to the moving contact 9 can be kept low without causing an increase in cost and size.
- the coating layer is formed on the surface of the fixed contact 1 by forming the plating layer 5 on the surface of the base material 3.
- a method of forming the coating layer on the surface of the fixed contact 1 a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering can be used in addition to plating.
- the surface of the base material 3 is covered with the first layer 5b, and the surface of the first layer 5b is further covered with the second layer 5c.
- a laminated body (covering layer) 5d composed of the first layer 5b and the second layer 5c is used instead of the plating layer (covering layer) 5 in the fixed contact 1 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. It is good also as a structure.
- a material having a lower electrical resistivity (volume resistivity) than the base material 3 is used for the first layer 5b.
- a material having a lower electrical resistivity (volume resistivity) than that of the first layer 5b is used for the second layer 5c.
- stacking method of the 1st layer 5b and the 2nd layer 5c is good also by vapor deposition and sputtering other than plating.
- a laminated body 5d that is a clad material formed by bonding the first layer 5b and the second layer 5c may be laminated on the surface of the base material 3.
- the moving contact 9 of the female connector housing slides on the sliding surface 1a of the fixed contacts 1 and 1C accommodated in the male connector housing when the male connector is fitted to the female connector.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and can be widely applied to a fixed contact having a sliding surface on which a moving contact slides.
- the present invention is extremely useful when applied to a stationary contact on which a moving contact slides.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
移動接点(9)が摺動する固定接点(1)は、母材(3)と、母材(3)を覆うめっき層5(スズ:Sn等)とを備え、母材(3)はめっき層(5)よりも電気抵抗率が高い銅やアルミニウムの合金、ステンレス鋼等の板材で構成されている。
Description
本発明は、移動接点が摺動する固定接点に関する。
移動接点や移動接点が摺動する固定接点は、表面をめっき層で覆う場合が多い。特に、移動接点が固定接点に対してスムーズに摺動するように両接点間の摩擦抵抗を減らす目的で、固定接点の表面をスズ(Sn)でめっきすることはよく知られている。一方、移動接点と固定接点との間の電気抵抗を下げる目的のめっきには、スズ(Sn)よりも電気抵抗率の低い銀(Ag)が多用される(特許文献1参照)。
しかし、貴金属である銀を材料に用いるめっきは材料コストが高くついてしまい、高い材料コストがかかるのを避けるために移動接点と固定接点との接触面積を増やして電気抵抗を下げようとすると、今度は、接点やそれを有するコネクタ等の大型化を招いてしまう。
本発明は前記事情に鑑みなされたもので、本発明の目的は、高コスト化や大型化を招くことなく移動接点との電気抵抗を低く抑えることができる固定接点を提供することにある。
上記目的を達成するため、本発明の第1の態様に係る固定接点は、移動接点が摺動する固定接点であって母材と、母材を覆う被覆層とを備え、母材は被覆層よりも電気抵抗率が高い材料で構成されている。
被覆層よりも母材の方が電気抵抗率が高いために、固定接点内を流れる電流は、母材内よりも被覆層内において広い範囲に拡散する。したがって、低電気抵抗率の貴金属材料でなく非貴金属材料を用いた被覆層で母材を覆っても、電流が流れる範囲を被覆層において広い範囲に拡散させて、母材においても広い範囲を電流が流れるようにすることができる。
これにより、移動接点の固定接点に対する接触面積を増やさなくても、母材において電流が流れる範囲を拡げて固定接点の電気抵抗率を低く抑え、高コスト化や大型化を招くことなく移動接点との電気抵抗(接触抵抗)を低く抑えることができる。
被覆層は、互いに材料が異なる複数の層を積層して構成されていてもよい。この場合、母材に近い層ほど、被覆層の表面に近い層よりも電気抵抗率が高い材料で構成すればよい。
このような構成により、電気抵抗率の低さの度合いが大きい材料を各層に用いなくても、各層において電流が流れる範囲を徐々に拡大して、母材において電流が流れる範囲を大きい範囲に拡げ電気抵抗率を低く抑えることができる。
被覆層は、スズ(Sn)を用いて構成されていてもよい。
本発明の態様に係る固定接点によれば、高コスト化や大型化を招くことなく移動接点との間の電気抵抗(接触抵抗)を低く抑えることができる。
以下、実施形態に係る固定接点について図面を参照して説明する。実施形態では、電気自動車(EV)やハイブリッド車(HEV、エンジンとモータ-ジェネレータの併用車)等の大電流が移動接点との間を流れる固定接点の場合を例に取って説明する。
図1に示すように、第1実施形態に係る固定接点1は、母材3の表面をめっき層(被覆層)5で覆って構成されており、雄コネクタハウジング(不図示)に収容されている。
めっき層5の表面5aは、酸化防止被膜7によって覆われている。酸化防止被膜7は、雌コネクタハウジング(不図示)に収容された断面円弧状の移動接点9が雄コネクタの雌コネクタに対する嵌合時に摺動する固定接点1の摺動面1aを構成する。
ここで、めっき層5と移動接点9との接触抵抗(電気抵抗)Rは、めっき層5の電気抵抗率(体積抵抗率)をρ、固定接点1と移動接点9との接触半径をa、酸化防止被膜7の電気抵抗率(体積抵抗率)をρf、酸化防止被膜7の膜厚をdとした場合、R=(ρ/2a)+ρfd/πa^2で表すことができる。
第1実施形態に係る固定接点1では、母材3を、例えば、銅(Cu)やアルミニウム(Al)の合金、ステンレス鋼等の板材で構成し、めっき層5を、母材3よりも電気抵抗率が低い例えばスズ(Sn)を母材3の表面にめっきして形成している。
このように構成された固定接点1では、めっき層5よりも母材3の方が電気抵抗率が高いので、固定接点1内を流れる電流は、図1中の破線の矢印で模式的に示すように、母材3内よりもめっき層5内において広い範囲に拡散する。したがって、めっき層5に、銀(Ag)等の低電気抵抗率の貴金属材料でなく、非貴金属材料であるスズ(Sn)を用いても、電流が流れる範囲がめっき層5において広い範囲に拡散し、移動接点9が母材3上を直接摺動する場合よりも、母材3において広い範囲を電流が流れるようにすることができる。
これにより、図1に示す第1実施形態に係る固定接点1では、図2に示す第1比較例のように固定接点1Aに対する接触面積が増えるように移動接点9Aを構成しなくても、図3に示す第2比較例のように母材3よりも電気抵抗率が高いめっき層5Aとする固定接点1Bに比べて、母材3において電流が流れる範囲を拡げて固定接点1の電気抵抗率を低く抑え、高コスト化や大型化を招くことなく移動接点9との電気抵抗を低く抑えることができる。
なお、第1実施形態では、母材3の表面にめっき層5を形成することで、固定接点1の表面に被覆層を形成するものとした。しかし、固定接点1の表面に被覆層を形成する方法としては、めっきの他、蒸着やスパッタリング等の方法を用いることができる。また、母材の表面に、母材よりも電気抵抗率が低い薄板を貼り合わせたクラッド材で固定接点を構成することで、被覆層を形成してもよい。
また、図4に示す第2実施形態に係る固定接点1Cのように、母材3の表面を第1の層5bで覆い、第1の層5bの表面を第2の層5cでさらに覆って、第1の層5bと第2の層5cにより構成される積層体(被覆層)5dを、図1に示す第1実施形態に係る固定接点1におけるめっき層(被覆層)5の代わりとする構成としてもよい。
このとき、第1の層5bには、母材3よりも電気抵抗率(体積抵抗率)が低い材料を用いる。また、第2の層5cには、第1の層5bよりも電気抵抗率(体積抵抗率)が低い材料を用いる。
これにより、母材3に対する電気抵抗率の低さの度合いが大きい単一の材料で母材3の表面を覆わなくても、図4中の破線の矢印で模式的に示すように、第1の層5bと第2の層5cにおいて電流が流れる範囲を徐々に拡大して、母材3において電流が流れる範囲を大きい範囲に拡げ固定接点1Cの電気抵抗率を低く抑えることができる。
なお、第1の層5bや第2の層5cの積層方法は、めっきの他、蒸着やスパッタリングによってもよい。また、第1の層5bと第2の層5cとを貼り合わせてクラッド材とした積層体5dを、母材3の表面に積層してもよい。
また、第1実施形態および第2実施形態では、雄コネクタの雌コネクタに対する嵌合時に雌コネクタハウジングの移動接点9が雄コネクタハウジングに収容された固定接点1,1Cの摺動面1a上を摺動するものとしたが、これには限定されず、移動接点が摺動する摺動面を有する固定接点に広く適用可能である。
本発明は、移動接点が摺動する固定接点に適用して極めて有用である。
Claims (3)
- 移動接点が摺動する固定接点であって、
母材と、
前記母材を覆う被覆層と
を備え、
前記母材は、前記被覆層よりも電気抵抗率が高い材料で構成されている
ことを特徴とする固定接点。 - 請求項1に記載の固定接点であって、
前記被覆層は、互いに材料が異なる複数の層を積層して構成されており、前記母材に近い層ほど、前記被覆層の表面に近い層よりも電気抵抗率が高い材料で構成されている
ことを特徴とする固定接点。 - 請求項1又は2に記載の固定接点であって、
前記被覆層はスズを用いて構成されている
ことを特徴とする固定接点。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE112015000681.8T DE112015000681T5 (de) | 2014-02-07 | 2015-01-28 | Festkontakt |
CN201580007716.7A CN105981230A (zh) | 2014-02-07 | 2015-01-28 | 固定接点 |
US15/227,013 US20160344126A1 (en) | 2014-02-07 | 2016-08-03 | Fixed contact |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2014-022144 | 2014-02-07 | ||
JP2014022144A JP2015149218A (ja) | 2014-02-07 | 2014-02-07 | 固定接点 |
Related Child Applications (1)
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US15/227,013 Continuation US20160344126A1 (en) | 2014-02-07 | 2016-08-03 | Fixed contact |
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WO2015119010A1 true WO2015119010A1 (ja) | 2015-08-13 |
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US (1) | US20160344126A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2015149218A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN105981230A (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112015000681T5 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2015119010A1 (ja) |
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JP6423383B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-31 | 2018-11-14 | 日新製鋼株式会社 | 接続部品用材料 |
Citations (3)
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JPH06187867A (ja) * | 1992-12-17 | 1994-07-08 | Sannou:Kk | 接点材料及びその製造方法 |
JP2004300489A (ja) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-10-28 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | ステンレス鋼製電気接点 |
JP2013227645A (ja) * | 2011-08-25 | 2013-11-07 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | めっき密着性の良好なSnめっきステンレス鋼板およびその製造法 |
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2015
- 2015-01-28 WO PCT/JP2015/052318 patent/WO2015119010A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2015-01-28 CN CN201580007716.7A patent/CN105981230A/zh active Pending
- 2015-01-28 DE DE112015000681.8T patent/DE112015000681T5/de not_active Ceased
-
2016
- 2016-08-03 US US15/227,013 patent/US20160344126A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2015149218A (ja) | 2015-08-20 |
CN105981230A (zh) | 2016-09-28 |
DE112015000681T5 (de) | 2016-12-29 |
US20160344126A1 (en) | 2016-11-24 |
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