WO2015081768A1 - 防止内燃机车辅助发电电路过压的控制方法 - Google Patents

防止内燃机车辅助发电电路过压的控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015081768A1
WO2015081768A1 PCT/CN2014/089315 CN2014089315W WO2015081768A1 WO 2015081768 A1 WO2015081768 A1 WO 2015081768A1 CN 2014089315 W CN2014089315 W CN 2014089315W WO 2015081768 A1 WO2015081768 A1 WO 2015081768A1
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Prior art keywords
generation circuit
power generation
control method
auxiliary power
locomotive
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PCT/CN2014/089315
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
管明华
谭志勇
姜捷
付明祥
宋维胜
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中国北车集团大连机车车辆有限公司
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Priority to AU2014265103A priority Critical patent/AU2014265103B2/en
Priority to NZ702197A priority patent/NZ702197A/en
Publication of WO2015081768A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015081768A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
    • H02P9/26—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02P9/30—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
    • H02P9/26—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02P9/30—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
    • H02P9/305—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling voltage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control method for preventing overpressure of an auxiliary power generation circuit of a diesel locomotive, and belongs to the technical field of railway locomotives.
  • the auxiliary power generation circuit of the diesel locomotive converts part of the mechanical power outputted by the locomotive diesel engine into electric power through the AC auxiliary generator, and converts the alternating current into direct current through the rectifier bridge, and supplies it to the locomotive control system and some electrical systems.
  • the diesel engine stops running it relies on the battery pack that the locomotive comes with to provide power for the locomotive control system and some electrical systems.
  • the capacity of the battery pack is limited, and the time required to support the locomotive control system and some electrical systems is limited. Therefore, under normal circumstances, after the diesel engine is running, the auxiliary power generation circuit is used to supply power to the locomotive control system and part of the electrical system, and at the same time to charge the battery pack.
  • the auxiliary power generation circuit works abnormally when the locomotive is running, the battery pack can temporarily provide power, but it may cause some control functions to be abnormal. If the auxiliary power generation circuit frequently experiences abnormal operation, the battery pack life will be reduced.
  • the locomotive controller usually adopts a constant reference mode, and realizes the excitation control of the auxiliary generator through PI control, thereby controlling the voltage of the auxiliary power generation circuit. According to the external characteristics and adjustment characteristics of the generator, when the low speed of the diesel engine, especially the idle speed and the air compressor, the auxiliary generator circuit voltage is reduced due to the auxiliary generator capacity and the belt transmission limitation, the control system is in order to reach the predetermined voltage reference.
  • An object of the present invention is to overcome the above deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a control method for preventing overvoltage of an auxiliary power generation circuit of a diesel locomotive.
  • the object of the present invention is achieved by a control method for preventing overvoltage of an auxiliary power generation circuit of a diesel locomotive, setting a voltage reference value (Vref) of the auxiliary power generation circuit, and detecting an actual voltage value (Vaux) of the auxiliary power generation circuit, which is the difference between the two.
  • Vref voltage reference value
  • Vaux actual voltage value
  • the PI adjustment calculation is sent, the PWM waveform is generated by using the PI calculation result, and the auxiliary generator excitation current is driven, which is characterized by detecting the PWM duty ratio, and adjusting the voltage reference value Vref when the PWM duty ratio is greater than the predetermined value P%, And limit the PWM output.
  • the PWM duty cycle predetermined value P% takes a value of 70%.
  • the minimum value Vref_min of the adjustable range of the voltage reference is taken as the lowest allowable voltage of the consumer.
  • the limitation range of the PWM output duty ratio is 1% to 70%.
  • the solution of the invention solves the problem that the diesel engine has low rotation speed and the diesel engine speed is increased, and the locomotive auxiliary power generation circuit overvoltage is solved, which not only ensures the safety of the electrical system but also satisfies the needs of the locomotive control.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the principle of a control method for preventing overvoltage of an auxiliary power generation circuit of a diesel locomotive according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a software flow according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the control method for preventing overvoltage of the auxiliary combustion circuit of the diesel locomotive is as follows: after the system is started, first enter the frame 1.2 for PWM duty detection, and the last duty cycle and the preset duty The ratio of air ratio P% is compared (P% is preset to 70%), and the result is output to 1.3; in step 1.3, the voltage reference is dynamically adjusted, and according to the PWM duty ratio comparison result, it is determined whether to adjust the voltage reference, if it needs to be adjusted within a certain range.
  • the voltage reference Vref is gradually adjusted internally; the actual voltage value Vaux of the auxiliary power generation circuit is collected in the frame 1.4; the Vref and Vaux are taken as input conditions in block 1.5, and the PI adjustment calculation is performed to obtain the PWM duty ratio; the actual PWM is limited in block 1.6.
  • Vref_min the minimum value of the adjustable range of the voltage reference, which is the lowest allowable voltage of the powered device, for example, 64V

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种防止内燃机车辅助发电电路过压的控制方法，设定辅助发电电路电压基准值，检测辅助发电电路实际电压值（1.4），将二者差值送入PI调节计算（1.5），使用PI计算结果生成PWM波形，驱动辅助发电机励磁电流，对PWM占空比进行检测（1.2），当PWM占空比大于预定值P%时，调整电压基准值（1.3），并限制PWM输出（1.6）。该方法解决了柴油机低转速且空压机工作时提升柴油机转速，机车辅助发电电路过电压的问题，既保证了电气系统安全又满足了机车操控的需要。

Description

防止内燃机车辅助发电电路过压的控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种防止内燃机车辅助发电电路过压的控制方法,属于铁路机车技术领域。
背景技术
内燃机车辅助发电电路通过交流辅助发电机将机车柴油机输出的部分机械功率转化为电功率，并通过整流桥将交流电转化为直流电，提供给机车控制系统、部分电气系统等使用。柴油机停止运转时，依靠机车自带的蓄电池组为机车控制系统、部分电气系统提供电能。但是蓄电池组容量有限，能够支持机车控制系统、部分电气系统运行的时间也有限。因此正常情况下，柴油机运转后，依靠辅助发电电路为机车控制系统、部分电气系统提供电能，同时为蓄电池组充电。如果机车运行时，辅助发电电路工作异常，则蓄电池组可以临时提供电能，但是有可能造成部分控制功能异常；如果辅助发电电路频繁发生工作异常，还会造成蓄电池组的寿命降低。机车控制器通常采用恒基准模式，通过PI控制实现对辅助发电机励磁控制，进而控制辅助发电电路电压。根据发电机外特性及调整特性可知，在柴油机低转速尤其是怠速而空压机工作时，由于受到辅助发电机容量以及皮带传动的限制，辅助发电电路电压降低，控制系统为了达到预定的电压基准，会增大励磁，但是达到一定限度时，再增加励磁辅助发电的功率也不会明显增加，将使电压维持在低于预定电压的某一电压值上。这就导致励磁电流处于满励磁状态，此时如果柴油机转速提高，将直接导致辅助发电机功率突升，进而使辅助发电电路过电压，触发过压保护，进而会造成机车卸载、辅助发电断电等一系列严重后果。也有通过机车微机控制系统，检测空压机状态，在空压机工作时，禁止柴油机调速。但这将使柴油机调速受到影响，出现调速迟滞等现象，使司乘人员误认为柴油机调速故障，影响机车操控。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是克服上述现有技术之不足，提供一种防止内燃机车辅助发电电路过压的控制方法。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：一种防止内燃机车辅助发电电路过压的控制方法，设定辅助发电电路电压基准值(Vref)，检测辅助发电电路实际电压值(Vaux)，将二者差值 送入PI调节计算，使用PI计算结果生成PWM波形，驱动辅助发电机励磁电流，其特征在于对PWM占空比进行检测，当PWM占空比大于预定值P％时，调整电压基准值Vref，并限制PWM输出。
为了更好地实现本发明的目的，所述PWM占空比预定值P％取值为70％。
为了更好地实现本发明的目的，所述电压基准可调范围的最小值Vref_min取值为用电设备的最低允许电压。
为了更好地实现本发明的目的，所述PWM输出占空比的限制范围取值为1％-70％。
本发明的方案，解决了柴油机低转速且空压机工作时提升柴油机转速，机车辅助发电电路过电压的问题，既保证了电气系统安全又满足了机车操控的需要。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的防止内燃机车辅助发电电路过压的控制方法原理框图。
图2为本发明实施例的软件流程框图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
参看图1，本实施例的防止内燃机车辅助发电电路过压的控制方法，其系统运行原理是：系统启动后，首先进入框1.2进行PWM占空比检测，上次占空比与预设占空比P％比较(P％预设为70％)，并将结果输出给1.3；在框1.3电压基准动态调整，根据PWM占空比比较结果，决定是否调整电压基准，如果需要调整在一定范围内逐步调整电压基准Vref；在框1.4电压采集辅助发电电路的实际电压值Vaux；在框1.5将Vref和Vaux作为输入条件，进行PI调节计算，得到PWM占空比；在框1.6限制PWM的实际输出，对励磁系统进行软件保护。
参看图2，防止内燃机车辅助发电电路过压的控制方法，其软件流程在系统启动后进入框2.2，判断上一循环PWM占空比是否大于预设占空比P％(预设为70％)：是进入框2.3，否进入框2.7。进入框2.3，动态调整Vref，使Vref＝Vref_old-ΔV。进入框2.4，判断Vref是否大于Vref_min(电压基准可调范围的最小值，取值为用电设备的最低允许电压，例如64V)：是进入框2.5，否进入框2.6。进入框2.5，更新Vref_old，Vref_old＝Vref。进入框2.6，更新Vref_old，Vref_old＝Vref_min。进入框2.7，检测辅助发电电路实际电压Vaux。进入框2.8，将Vref和Vaux作为输入，进行PI调节计算，并得到PWM占空比。进入框2.9， 进行PWM占空比输出限制，其最大限制范围在1％-70％。进入框2.10，驱动励磁电流。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种防止内燃机车辅助发电电路过压的控制方法，设定辅助发电电路电压基准值(Vref)，检测辅助发电电路实际电压值(Vaux)，将二者差值送入PI调节计算，使用PI计算结果生成PWM波形，驱动辅助发电机励磁电流，其特征在于对PWM占空比进行检测，当PWM占空比大于预定值P％时，调整电压基准值Vref，并限制PWM输出。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的防止内燃机车辅助发电电路过压的控制方法，其特征在于所述PWM占空比预定值P％取值为70％。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的防止内燃机车辅助发电电路过压的控制方法，其特征在于所述电压基准可调范围的最小值Vref_min取值为用电设备允许的最低电压。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的防止内燃机车辅助发电电路过压的控制方法，其特征在于所述PWM输出占空比的限制范围取值为1％-70％。
PCT/CN2014/089315 2013-12-05 2014-10-23 防止内燃机车辅助发电电路过压的控制方法 WO2015081768A1 (zh)

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AU2014265103A AU2014265103B2 (en) 2013-12-05 2014-10-23 Control method for preventing auxiliary generator circuit of diesel locomotive from overvoltage
NZ702197A NZ702197A (en) 2013-12-05 2014-10-23 Control method for preventing auxiliary generator circuit of diesel locomotive from overvoltage

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CN103684159B (zh) * 2013-12-05 2016-06-29 中国北车集团大连机车车辆有限公司 防止内燃机车辅助发电电路过压的控制方法
CN110798108B (zh) * 2019-11-07 2021-07-06 陕西航空电气有限责任公司 一种三相变频交流发电系统过压抑制装置分级卸载方法
CN113949140B (zh) * 2021-11-24 2023-11-10 中车大连机车车辆有限公司 一种防止蓄电池充电过压的软件控制方法

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CN103684159B (zh) 2016-06-29
AU2014265103A1 (en) 2015-06-25
CN103684159A (zh) 2014-03-26
NZ702197A (en) 2017-02-24

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