WO2015046250A1 - 濾過膜、濾過ユニット並びに濾過システム及び濾過方法 - Google Patents
濾過膜、濾過ユニット並びに濾過システム及び濾過方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015046250A1 WO2015046250A1 PCT/JP2014/075291 JP2014075291W WO2015046250A1 WO 2015046250 A1 WO2015046250 A1 WO 2015046250A1 JP 2014075291 W JP2014075291 W JP 2014075291W WO 2015046250 A1 WO2015046250 A1 WO 2015046250A1
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- Prior art keywords
- filtration
- polyester
- water
- hydrophilic
- membrane
- Prior art date
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
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- YZTJKOLMWJNVFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-sulfobenzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1S(O)(=O)=O YZTJKOLMWJNVFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HBLRZDACQHNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-sulfonaphthalene-2,7-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 HBLRZDACQHNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
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- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
- B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
- B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D71/401—Polymers based on the polymerisation of acrylic acid, e.g. polyacrylate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D71/521—Aliphatic polyethers
- B01D71/5211—Polyethylene glycol or polyethyleneoxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
- D06M15/27—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof of alkylpolyalkylene glycol esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0414—Surface modifiers, e.g. comprising ion exchange groups
- B01D2239/0421—Rendering the filter material hydrophilic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/36—Hydrophilic membranes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/008—Originating from marine vessels, ships and boats, e.g. bilge water or ballast water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a filtration membrane used for filtration treatment of seawater, river water, etc., a filtration unit using the filtration membrane, a filtration system (filtrated water production apparatus) for producing filtrate using the filtration unit, and
- the present invention relates to a filtration method.
- Patent Document 1 Various water treatment systems have been proposed for detoxifying and draining seawater and river water contaminated by drainage and the like (for example, Patent Document 1). Also, ballast water, which is seawater, may be loaded for safe navigation of ships, and various water treatment systems for preventing environmental pollution due to the drainage of the ballast have been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1, Patents). Document 2, Patent Document 4, Patent Document 5).
- membrane filtration is widely performed for removing turbid components, which are solid substances contained in the water to be treated, and for removing microorganisms such as plankton and bacterial cells.
- filtration membranes used for membrane filtration porous filtration membranes made of various materials have been proposed.
- a porous layer made of a material selected from polypropylene fiber, cellulose fiber and melamine resin, cellulose fiber and phenol resin, cellulose fiber and melamine resin and phenol resin, cellulose fiber and acrylic fiber and phenol resin is used.
- a filter device provided as a filter is disclosed, and further, a filter device including a porous membrane made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, fluororesin) is provided downstream of the filter device.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- Patent Document 3 also efficiently removes sticky substances (jelly-like turbid components) called TEP (transparent exopolymer particles) that are secreted out of cells by plankton and microorganisms from seawater.
- TEP transparent exopolymer particles
- a PTFE stretched membrane is disclosed.
- polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate are widely used as materials for filtration membranes because they are durable and easy to produce a filtration membrane that can withstand the filtration pressure associated with high flow rates.
- the material of the filtration membrane “for example, stretched porous material made of polyester, nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), etc.
- Porous structures such as a solid body, a phase-separated porous body, and a nonwoven fabric are used, but for the purpose of performing a high flow rate treatment, a nonwoven fabric made of polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate is particularly preferably used.
- Patent Document 5 paragraph 0010, lines 5 to 7) describes a comparison of polyester and the like as a filter for removing turbidity from seawater and removing microorganisms in a marine ballast water treatment apparatus. It is described that a robust filter can be used.
- a conventional polyester filtration membrane has a problem that the use time until the recovery of the filtration flow rate becomes difficult, that is, the life of the membrane is short.
- the present invention is a filtration membrane made of a porous material and can be used in a treatment system for seawater, river water, etc., and a large filtration flow rate is obtained, and recovery of the filtration flow rate by backwashing and chemical washing is sufficient. It is another object of the present invention to provide a filtration membrane, a filtration system, and a filtration method that can perform a treatment of seawater, river water, and the like with a filtration membrane that has a long lifetime and seawater.
- the first aspect of the present invention is a filtration membrane using a nonwoven fabric formed from a synthetic fiber having hydrophilicity.
- the second aspect of the present invention is a filtration unit in which the filtration membrane of the first aspect is used.
- a third aspect of the present invention is a seawater and / or fresh water filtration system, wherein the filtration unit of the second aspect, a water flow device for passing water to be treated to the filtration unit, and the filtration unit are washed. It is a filtration system provided with the washing
- a fourth aspect of the present invention is a seawater and / or fresh water filtration method using the filtration device of the third aspect.
- the present invention is a filtration membrane that can be used in a treatment system for seawater, river water, etc., and can obtain a large filtration flow rate (treatment rate), and the filtration flow rate can be recovered by backwashing and chemical washing.
- a filtration membrane that is sufficient and has a long life is provided. If the filtration unit of the present invention is used, and the filtration system and filtration method of the present invention using the filtration unit, it is possible to perform treatment of seawater, river water, etc., and ballast water at a high filtration flow rate. Further, recovery of the filtration flow rate by backwashing and chemical washing is sufficient, and the replacement frequency of the filtration membrane used in these can be reduced. That is, efficient filtration and water treatment can be performed.
- the present inventor has improved the filtration flow rate (flow rate that can be filtered per unit time) by using a nonwoven fabric made of hydrophilic synthetic fibers, especially hydrophilic polyester fibers, as a filtration membrane (filter material).
- the present invention has been completed by finding that a filter membrane that can be easily clogged, can easily recover the filtration flow rate by backwashing, and has a long life that can withstand long-term use can be obtained.
- the first aspect of the present invention is a filtration membrane using a nonwoven fabric formed from a synthetic fiber having hydrophilicity.
- the synthetic fiber means a chemical fiber made from a polymer made by polymerizing a low molecular weight organic material.
- the synthetic fibers having hydrophilicity include those obtained by chemically treating hydrophobic synthetic fibers to impart hydrophilicity (hydrophilization treatment). For example, the thing which hydrophilized the polyester fiber, the polypropylene fiber, etc. can be mentioned.
- Hydrophobic synthetic fibers are formed from non-hydrophilic polyester fibers (polyethylene terephthalate fibers that have not been hydrophilized) when the nonwoven fabric is formed from the fibers and the water absorption rate when immersed in water (one end) is hydrophobic.
- a non-woven fabric made of a synthetic fiber having hydrophilicity especially a polyester fiber having hydrophilicity
- the water to be treated easily penetrates into the non-woven fabric, and bubbles held in the non-woven fabric are smoothly released. For this reason, a sufficient flow path is ensured and the filtration flow rate can be increased.
- the filtration membrane such as backwashing or chemical washing is washed, the washing effect is improved, the deposits are more sufficiently removed, and the filtration flow rate is sufficiently recovered. For this reason, it is difficult to cause clogging.
- Non-woven fabric is a fabric in which fibers are bonded or entangled by thermal, mechanical or chemical action to form a cloth, and is a porous body having voids (holes) between the fibers.
- the non-woven fabric used in the present invention is selected or processed so as to have a porosity and a pore size suitable for the purpose of filtration.
- non-woven fabrics made of polyester fibers having hydrophilicity include fibers made hydrophilic by applying a hydrophilicity-imparting substance (hereinafter referred to as “hydrophilizing agent”) to the surface of hydrophobic polyester fibers. Further, a fiber obtained by modifying a polyester fiber with a raw material having a hydrophilic functional group such as a sulfone group, a carboxyl group or a hydroxyl group, or a fiber obtained by copolymerizing a hydrophilic monomer with a polyester is also a hydrophilic polyester fiber. included.
- hydrophilic fibers examples include cellulose and rayon.
- the filtration membrane is required to have physical properties that can withstand high flow rates of water pressure.
- hydrophilic materials such as cellulose and rayon are used for high flow rates of water pressure, etc.
- the physical properties to withstand are insufficient.
- filtration membranes obtained by hydrophilizing the surface of synthetic fibers, especially polyester fibers, which are engineering plastics have excellent physical properties that can withstand high water pressure. Therefore, it is suitably used as a filtration membrane for use in filtration of high flow rate water in membrane filtration.
- Hydrophobic synthetic fibers in particular polyester, a method of copolymerizing a compound having a hydrophilic group, or a method of modifying a hydrophobic fiber polyester with a compound having a hydrophilic group also has hydrophilicity.
- a fiber having excellent physical properties that can withstand a high flow rate of water pressure or the like can be produced.
- the form which is the copolymer made by copolymerization can be mentioned.
- Polyester fibers are preferred because they are durable and easy to produce a filtration membrane that can withstand the filtration pressure associated with high flow rates.
- a condensate of diol and aromatic dicarboxylic acid such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate is particularly preferable.
- hydrophilizing agent applied to the surface of the hydrophobic polyester fiber examples include polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, a block polymer of polyester and an acrylic polymer having a hydrophilic group, and the like.
- fibers obtained by applying these hydrophilizing agents to the surfaces of polyester resin fibers are preferable because they are superior in water resistance and chemical resistance.
- the synthetic fiber having hydrophilicity is a form in which a hydrophilic agent is applied to the surface of the polyester resin fiber, and the hydrophilic agent is polyethylene glycol di (The form which is a block polymer of the acrylic polymer which has a meth) acrylate and / or saturated polyester and a hydrophilic group can be mentioned.
- the polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate preferably has a polymerization degree of 30 or less, more preferably a polymerization degree of 2 to 23, and still more preferably a polymerization degree of 2 to 10.
- saturated polyester constituting the block polymer of a saturated polyester and an acrylic polymer having a hydrophilic group
- examples of the saturated polyester constituting the block polymer of a saturated polyester and an acrylic polymer having a hydrophilic group include those obtained from dibasic acids such as adipic acid and sebacic acid and glycols such as diethylene glycol and triethylene glycol. .
- the application of the hydrophilizing agent may be performed before the fiber is made into a non-woven fabric or after the non-woven fabric is produced.
- the application amount of the hydrophilizing agent is preferably 0.5 to 5% by mass in the mass ratio of the nonwoven fabric after application, because a nonwoven fabric suitable as a filtration membrane can be obtained.
- the coating amount of the hydrophilizing agent is less than 0.5% by mass, the filtration flow rate improvement and clogging prevention effect is not sufficient, while when it exceeds 5% by mass, the voids of the nonwoven fabric are filled with the hydrophilizing agent, Generally, it is not preferable because the filtration performance may deteriorate.
- a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing a compound having a hydrophilic group with polyester is also preferable because it has mechanical strength derived from polyester and a filtration membrane having better mechanical strength can be obtained.
- the polyester is preferably a saturated polyester, particularly a condensate of a diol such as polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate and an aromatic dicarboxylic acid.
- a polyester is synthesized by dehydration condensation of a diol and a dicarboxylic acid, or when a polyester is synthesized by dehydration condensation of a compound having a hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group in the molecule, a compound having a hydrophilic group such as a sulfonic acid metal base is used.
- a hydrophilic group By performing a condensation reaction in the presence of a hydrophilic group, a hydrophilic group can be introduced into the resulting polymer, and the copolymer can be obtained.
- a compound having one or more hydrophilic functional groups selected from a sulfone group, a carboxyl group, and a hydroxyl group is preferably used.
- a sulfonic acid metal base (sulfone group) into a polyester dibasic acids having a sulfonic acid metal base (which may be a condensable derivative thereof) or polyhydric alcohols having a sulfonic acid metal base may be used.
- dibasic acids having a sulfonic acid metal base which may be a condensable derivative thereof
- polyhydric alcohols having a sulfonic acid metal base may be used as a raw material for introducing a sulfonic acid metal base (sulfone group) into a polyester.
- dibasic acids having a sulfonic acid metal base which may be a condensable derivative thereof
- polyhydric alcohols having a sulfonic acid metal base may be used as a raw material for introducing a s
- the copolymerization ratio of the compound having the sulfonic acid metal base is preferably 0.1 to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.5% by weight to 5%, based on the entire copolymer. % By mass. If it exceeds 20 mol%, it is difficult to produce polyester, while if it is less than 0.1 mass%, sufficient hydrophilicity may not be obtained.
- the nonwoven fabric can be obtained by forming the fiber obtained as described above into a nonwoven fabric by a known method, for example, melt spinning. Moreover, you may hydrophilize the well-known nonwoven fabric which consists of a hydrophobic polyester fiber as mentioned above.
- the produced nonwoven fabric is processed into a size and shape suitable for filtration to produce a filtration membrane. Specifically, it is processed into an appropriate size and shape, for example, a flat membrane, a cylindrical shape, etc. according to the use of the filtration device, etc., and is processed into a pleated filter as necessary.
- the second aspect of the present invention is a filtration unit in which the filtration membrane of the first aspect is used.
- the filtration unit since the said filtration membrane is used, the filtration unit with a large filtration flow rate can be provided.
- the filter unit efficiently filters water because clogging is unlikely to occur and the filtration membrane needs to be washed less frequently.
- the filtration membrane of the first aspect is attached to, for example, a housing for passing water to be treated, and as necessary so that the filtration membrane is not deformed or damaged by water passage. A reinforcing material is provided, and the filtration unit of the second aspect is produced.
- An example of the filtration unit is a cartridge type filtration unit (filter cartridge).
- a third aspect of the present invention is a seawater and / or fresh water filtration system, wherein the filtration unit of the second aspect, a water flow device for passing water to be treated to the filtration unit, and the filtration unit are washed. It is a filtration system provided with the washing
- the filtration system preferably further includes a control device that controls the operation of the water passing means and the cleaning means. As a result, the water to be treated is filtered under a predetermined filtration flow rate and differential pressure (treated water pressure), and the filtration unit is appropriately washed. Therefore, efficient and stable filtration is possible.
- a fourth aspect of the present invention is a seawater and / or fresh water filtration method using the filtration device of the third aspect.
- the filtration device since a filtration device having a high filtration flow rate and hardly clogging is used, the filtration device is large in quantity such as seawater such as ballast water, fresh water such as river water and lake water, and is detected by TEP or the like. It is possible to provide a filtration method that is suitable for purification of either seawater or fresh water, such as water that tends to be clogged, industrial wastewater, and domestic wastewater.
- a hydrophilic nonwoven fabric 1 using a polyester fiber having hydrophilicity itself, and a hydrophilic nonwoven fabric 2 made of a polyester fiber that has been subjected to a hydrophilic treatment by applying a hydrophilic resin to the hydrophobic polyester fiber are prepared. Then, the hydrophilicity and the filtration performance by the natural filtration method were evaluated.
- Example 1 Preparation of filtration membrane (hydrophilic nonwoven fabric) (Example 1) (1) Synthesis of hydrophilic polyester resin (fiber obtained by copolymerizing polyester with a hydrophilic monomer) In a flask equipped with a thermometer, a stirrer, an inert gas inlet, and a reflux condenser, 166 masses of terephthalic acid A mixture of 54 parts by mass of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid and 135 parts by mass of ethylene glycol was charged, and dehydration condensation was carried out at 220 ° C. until the acid value became 1 or less to obtain a transesterification product (oligomer). .
- hydrophilic polyester resin fiber obtained by copolymerizing polyester with a hydrophilic monomer
- Example 2 (1) Preparation of hydrophilizing agent (resin) 625 parts by mass of polyester / acrylic block copolymer (manufactured by Takamatsu Yushi Co., Ltd., trade name: Pesresin A-647GEX), 4340 parts by mass of water, carbodiimide crosslinking agent (manufactured by Nisshinbo Chemical Co., Ltd., 35 parts by mass of a trade name: Carbodilite SV-02) was placed in a water tank to prepare a hydrophilizing agent.
- hydrophilizing agent resin 625 parts by mass of polyester / acrylic block copolymer (manufactured by Takamatsu Yushi Co., Ltd., trade name: Pesresin A-647GEX), 4340 parts by mass of water, carbodiimide crosslinking agent (manufactured by Nisshinbo Chemical Co., Ltd., 35 parts by mass of a trade name: Carbodilite SV-02) was placed in a water tank to prepare
- hydrophilizing agent hydrophilization
- basis weight 260 g / m 2 in the water tub a thickness of 0.6mm spunbonded polyester nonwoven fabric (manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc., trade name: Axtar G2260-1S BKO) was immersed, it dried 3 minutes at 100 ° C., By carrying out heat treatment at 170 ° C. for 1 minute, the polyester / acrylic block copolymer was heat-cured to obtain a hydrophilic nonwoven fabric 2.
- the mass ratio of the polyester / acryl block copolymer to the nonwoven fabric after hydrophilization was 5% by mass.
- hydrophilic non-woven fabric (non-woven fabric made of hydrophilic fibers) 1 and 2 are not subjected to hydrophilization treatment and have no hydrophilicity.
- Non-hydrophilic polyester non-woven fabric (non-woven fabric made of hydrophobic fibers) Axter G2260-1S BKO It was found that water penetration was much faster. Also, from Table 2, the water retention amount of the nonwoven fabric Axter G2260-1S BKO is very small and only a small amount of bubbles are released, whereas the water retention amount of the hydrophilic nonwoven fabrics 1 and 2 is the nonwoven fabric Axter G2260, respectively. It was found to be 13 times and 14 times larger than -1S BKO, and it was found that air bubbles were sufficiently released by water penetration.
- the following nonwoven fabrics 3 to 6 were prepared, and the filtration performance was evaluated by a flat membrane filtration test.
- non-woven fabric (Examples 3 and 4)
- the mixing ratio of the polyester / acrylic block copolymer (Pesresin A-647GEX), water, and carbodiimide crosslinking agent was changed, and the acrylic block copolymer (Pesresin A-
- the non-woven fabrics 3 and 4 were obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the ratio of 647GEX was 2.5% by mass (Example 3) and 1.25% by mass (Example 4), respectively.
- Example 5 Into a solution consisting of 5 parts by mass of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (trade name: NK Ester A-600, manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.), 40 parts by mass of diethylene glycol and 55 parts by mass of water, a polymerization initiator (V- 50) 0.3 part was dissolved. A polyester non-woven fabric (trade name: ACSTER G2260-1S BKO, manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) is immersed in the obtained solution, dried at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes, washed with water at 60 ° C. for 20 minutes, and dried at 120 ° C. By doing so, the hydrophilic nonwoven fabric 5 was obtained. The mass ratio of the acrylic polymer (NK ester A-600) to the nonwoven fabric after hydrophilization was 5 mass%.
- Example 6 The same as Example 5 except that the ratio of polyethylene glycol diaclelate (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: NK Ester A-600) was adjusted to 1.25% by mass when adjusting the solution for immersing the polyester nonwoven fabric.
- the hydrophilic nonwoven fabric 6 was obtained by the method.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the differential pressure (treated water pressure) and the filtration time when the nonwoven fabrics 2 to 6 and Actor G2260-1S BKO are used as filtration membranes.
- the increase in the differential pressure is slower than the filtration unit using the Axter G2260-1S BKO (existing membrane), and the time until filtration becomes difficult. Even when backwashing is performed, the time until the filtration flow rate does not recover is long, and filtration can be performed for a long time. From this result, it was confirmed that the filtration life was improved by using a filtration unit using a nonwoven fabric made of hydrophilic fibers as a filtration membrane.
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Abstract
Description
親水性を有する合成繊維が、疎水性のポリエステル繊維の表面に、親水化剤を塗布して親水化した繊維である形態、及び
親水性を有する合成繊維が、ポリエステルに親水性基を有する化合物を共重合させた共重合体である形態、を挙げることができる。
(実施例1)
(1)親水性ポリエステル樹脂(ポリエステルに親水性単量体を共重合させてなる繊維)の合成
温度計、攪拌機、不活性ガス導入口、及び還流冷却器を備えたフラスコに、テレフタル酸166質量部、5-ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸54質量部、エチレングリコール135質量部の混合物を仕込み、脱水縮合を、220℃で酸価が1以下になるまで行い、エステル交換反応生成物(オリゴマー)を得た。
この樹脂を定法で溶融紡糸し、目付260g/m2、厚さ0.6mmのスパンボンド型親水性不織布1を得た。
(1)親水化剤(樹脂)の調整
ポリエステル/アクリルブロック共重合体(高松油脂社製、商品名:ペスレジンA-647GEX)625質量部、水4340質量部、カルボジイミド架橋剤(日清紡ケミカル社製、商品名:カルボジライトSV-02)35質量部を水槽に仕込み、親水化剤を調整した。
次に、前記水槽に目付260g/m2、厚さ0.6mmのスパンボンド型ポリエステル不織布(東レ社製、商品名:アクスターG2260-1S BKO)を浸漬し、100℃で3分間乾燥した後、170℃で1分間加熱処理を行うことで、ポリエステル/アクリルブロック共重合体を加熱硬化させ、親水性不織布2を得た。親水化後の不織布に対するポリエステル/アクリルブロック共重合体の質量比率は5質量%であった。
(1)水の浸透速さの評価
得られた親水性不織布1、2および親水化処理を行っていないポリエステル不織布(アクスターG2260-1S BKO)それぞれに、スポイトで脱イオン水1滴(約20mg)を滴下し、水滴が完全に不織布に浸透するまでの時間を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
また、親水性不織布1、2と、親水化処理を行っていないポリエステル不織布(アクスターG2260-1S BKO)のそれぞれを水に30秒間浸漬し、浸漬前後の重量を測定することにより、不織布単位面積当たりの保水量を測定した。結果を表2に示す。
各不織布を1時間蒸留水中に浸漬し、水に馴染ませた後、自然濾過方式で1回につき2Lの伊万里海水の繰り返し濾過実験を行い、濾過流量(m3)を濾過面積(m2)と濾過に要した時間(s)で除すことにより、濾過流速(平均流速)の確認を行った。結果を表3に示す。
(実施例3、4)
親水性樹脂の調整に際して、ポリエステル/アクリルブロック共重合体(ぺスレジンA-647GEX)、水、カルボジイミド架橋剤の混合比率を変更して、親水化後の不織布に対するアクリルブロック共重合体(ペスレジンA-647GEX)の比率をそれぞれ2.5質量%(実施例3)、1.25質量%(実施例4)にしたこと以外は実施例2と同じ方法で親水性不織布3、4を得た。
ポリエチレングリコールジアクルレート(新中村化学工業社製、商品名:NKエステルA-600)5質量部、ジエチレングリコール40質量部、水55質量部からなる溶液に、重合開始剤(和光純薬製V-50)0.3部を溶解した。得られた溶液に、ポリエステル不織布(東レ社製、商品名:アクスターG2260-1S BKO)を浸漬した後、120℃で30分乾燥し、60℃の水で20分洗浄を行い、120℃で乾燥することにより親水性不織布5を得た。親水化後の不織布に対するアクリル重合体(NKエステルA-600)の質量比率は5質量%であった。
ポリエステル不織布を浸漬する溶液の調整に際して、ポリエチレングリコールジアクルレート(新中村化学工業社製、商品名:NKエステルA-600)の比率を1.25質量%にしたこと以外は実施例5と同じ方法で親水性不織布6を得た。
前記不織布2~6を濾過膜として平膜タイプの濾過ユニットを作製した。また、ブランクとして親水化処理を行っていないポリエステル不織布であるアクスターG2260-1S BKOを用いたこと以外は、同じ構成の濾過ユニットを作製した。
Claims (7)
- 親水性を有する合成繊維から形成される不織布を用いる濾過膜。
- 親水性を有する合成繊維が、疎水性のポリエステル繊維の表面に、親水化剤を塗布して親水化した繊維である請求項1に記載の濾過膜。
- 親水性を有する合成繊維が、ポリエステル樹脂の繊維の表面に、ポリエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレートおよび/または飽和ポリエステルと親水基を持つアクリルポリマーのブロック重合体が塗布されている繊維である請求項2に記載の濾過膜。
- 親水性を有する合成繊維が、ポリエステルに親水性基を有する化合物を共重合させた共重合体である請求項1に記載の濾過膜。
- 請求項1ないし請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の濾過膜が用いられている濾過ユニット。
- 海水および/または淡水の濾過システムであって、請求項5に記載の濾過ユニット、前記濾過ユニットに被処理水を通水する通水装置、及び前記濾過ユニットを洗浄する洗浄装置を備える濾過システム。
- 海水および/または淡水の濾過方法であって、請求項6に記載の濾過装置を使用する濾過方法。
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- 2014-09-24 KR KR1020167010590A patent/KR20160058935A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR20210148880A (ko) | 2020-06-01 | 2021-12-08 | 도레이첨단소재 주식회사 | 유기용매 가용성 공중합 폴리에스테르, 이를 포함하는 한외여과막 형성용 조성물 및 이로부터 제조된 고수투과도 역삼투막 |
WO2021246629A1 (ko) | 2020-06-01 | 2021-12-09 | 도레이첨단소재 주식회사 | 유기용매 가용성 공중합 폴리에스테르, 이를 포함하는 한외여과막 형성용 조성물 및 이로부터 제조된 고수투과도 역삼투막 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN105579120A (zh) | 2016-05-11 |
EP3050613A4 (en) | 2017-05-03 |
JP2015062870A (ja) | 2015-04-09 |
EP3050613A1 (en) | 2016-08-03 |
KR20160058935A (ko) | 2016-05-25 |
US20160228829A1 (en) | 2016-08-11 |
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