WO2015043240A1 - 单主梁吊具及正面吊 - Google Patents

单主梁吊具及正面吊 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015043240A1
WO2015043240A1 PCT/CN2014/080085 CN2014080085W WO2015043240A1 WO 2015043240 A1 WO2015043240 A1 WO 2015043240A1 CN 2014080085 W CN2014080085 W CN 2014080085W WO 2015043240 A1 WO2015043240 A1 WO 2015043240A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
telescopic beam
main beam
small
small telescopic
single main
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PCT/CN2014/080085
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
彭国成
廖荣华
樊伟
Original Assignee
湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司
三一集团有限公司
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Application filed by 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司, 三一集团有限公司 filed Critical 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司
Publication of WO2015043240A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015043240A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/101—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means for containers

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of construction machinery spreaders and, in particular, to a single main beam spreader and a face lift. Background technique
  • Heavy-duty container spreaders such as front-mounted crane spreaders, are generally designed to meet the requirements of heavy-duty working conditions.
  • the structure of the double-girder spreader is generally used. This results in a larger concrete load, the asymmetrical structure of the telescopic beam, and the weight of the spreader. Increase and other issues.
  • the stacker spreader used for lifting empty containers generally adopts a single main beam structure, that is, the left and right telescopic beams are arranged in different sections in the same main beam.
  • the advantage of this single main beam structure is that it is small in size, compact in structure and light in weight.
  • the inventors of the present disclosure have found that due to the limitations of structure and size, the telescopic beam cannot completely occupy the space of the main beam, resulting in a shorter telescopic beam.
  • the length of the main beam is 1 ⁇ 5852111111;
  • the size of the telescopic beam must be separated. At this time, the small telescopic beam will not be supported by the large telescopic beam.
  • the current single main beam spreader has a fixed support slider for the small telescopic beam.
  • the above calculation is only an illustrative calculation.
  • the inventors of the present disclosure found that in the actual product, when the single main beam spreader lifts a 40 ft container, the overlapping portion of the telescopic beam and the main beam is only about 1000 mm. Since the length of the spreader telescopic beam extending to the outside of the main beam is about 3066 mm, the end of the main beam is subjected to a pressure about four times that of the single telescopic beam, which results in the mechanical structure being stressed and bearing capacity of the mechanical material. High requirements, this high force is more severe under heavy load conditions, making the ordinary single main beam spreader unable to lift heavy containers of 20 ft or longer.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a single main beam spreader to increase the support length of the telescopic beam and improve the load carrying capacity of the spreader.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a single main beam spreader, the single main beam spreader comprising: a main beam; a large telescopic beam, located in the main beam; and a small telescopic beam, located in the main beam a set end of the small telescopic beam is telescopically fitted to a set end of the large telescopic beam; a free end of the large telescopic beam and a free end of the small telescopic beam are provided with a beam; a follower support mechanism, Between the main beam and the small telescopic beam, and the small telescopic beam is set in the follower support mechanism; and a limiting mechanism, a set disposed on the large telescopic beam and the small telescopic beam And connecting to the following support mechanism for determining a limit range of the follower support mechanism; wherein the follower support mechanism actively supports the small telescopic beam within the limit range.
  • the follower support mechanism provides the movable support for the small telescopic beam, and prolongs the support arm when the large telescopic beam and the small telescopic beam are extended, so that the mechanical condition of the mechanical structure is improved, and the bearing capacity of the mechanical material is improved.
  • the requirements are reduced, the load-carrying capacity of the spreader is improved, and heavy-duty containers of more than 20 ft in length can be lifted.
  • the above technical solution can also reduce the overall weight and product cost of the heavy-duty container spreader working vehicle, and improve the safety performance of the whole machine.
  • the outer wall of the follower support mechanism may abut the inner surface of the main beam, and the inner wall of the follower support mechanism abuts the outer surface of the small telescopic beam.
  • the inner wall of the follower support mechanism abuts against the inner surface of the main beam, the inner wall abuts against the outer surface of the small telescopic beam, thereby providing active support for the small telescopic beam.
  • the limiting mechanism includes: a first limiting mechanism disposed at a set end of the small telescopic beam for engaging the follower support mechanism; and a second limiting mechanism disposed at the large The set end of the telescopic beam is slidably coupled to the follower support mechanism.
  • the first limiting mechanism limits the position of movement of the follower support mechanism toward the direction in which the large telescopic beam extends
  • the second limiting mechanism limits the position of movement of the follower support mechanism toward the extended end of the small telescopic beam.
  • the follower support mechanism may include a support frame and a connection mechanism; the inner side of the support frame abuts the outer surface of the small telescopic beam, and the outer side of the support frame abuts the inner surface of the main beam; It is connected to the support frame, and the other end is connected to the second limit mechanism.
  • the follower support mechanism comprises a support frame and a connecting mechanism.
  • the support frame abuts the main beam and the small telescopic beam, and supports the main beam and the small telescopic beam to become a motion support of the small telescopic beam.
  • the connecting mechanism is connected with the second limiting mechanism, and the limit of the supporting frame by the first limiting mechanism is implemented to limit the entire following supporting mechanism.
  • the connecting mechanism and the support frame can be connected by an active connection.
  • the support frame and the connecting mechanism are articulated such that the connecting mechanism has a certain degree of freedom with respect to the supporting frame, such as rotating at a certain angle with respect to the supporting frame, and the swinging is certain
  • the angle is adapted to the positional deviation of the mechanical structure that occurs during use, thereby improving the structural reliability of the follower support mechanism.
  • the connecting mechanism and the support frame can be movably connected by an axis perpendicular to the connecting surface.
  • the connecting mechanism can be rotated about the hinge axis or can be oscillated at a certain angle.
  • the connecting mechanism and the support frame can be movably connected by an axis parallel to the connecting surface.
  • the connecting mechanism can be a connecting rod.
  • the links may be two, and the two links are parallel to each other.
  • connection mechanism can be a chain or a rope.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a front sling, including the single main beam spreader described in any one of the above technical solutions.
  • the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure provide follow-up support for the small telescopic beam by providing a follower support mechanism between the main beam and the telescopic beam, and extend the support arms of the two telescopic beams.
  • the mechanical condition of the mechanical structure is improved, the bearing capacity requirement of the mechanical material is reduced, the bearing capacity of the single main beam spreader is improved, and the lifting operation of the heavy-duty container of 20 ft or more is realized.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a single main beam spreader according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a single main beam spreader in a 20 ft state according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a follower support mechanism in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the single main beam spreader comprises: a main beam 1, a large telescopic beam 2, a small telescopic beam 3, a beam 4, a limiting mechanism and a follower support mechanism 5.
  • the large telescopic beam 2 and the small telescopic beam 3 are located in the main beam 1, and the set end of the small telescopic beam 3 is telescopically fitted on the set end of the large telescopic beam 2.
  • the free ends of the large telescopic beam 2 and the small telescopic beam 3 are respectively provided with beams 4 .
  • the follower support mechanism 5 is disposed between the main beam 1 and the small telescopic beam 3, and the small telescopic beam 3 is fitted to the follower support mechanism 5.
  • the limiting mechanism is disposed at the set end of the large telescopic beam 2 and the small telescopic beam 3, and the limiting mechanism is connected with the follower supporting mechanism 5 for determining the limiting range of the follower supporting mechanism 5.
  • the follower support mechanism 5 movably supports the small telescopic beam 3 within its limit range.
  • the follower support mechanism 5 can realize the movable support of the small telescopic beam 3 by sliding relative to the main beam 1, the large telescopic beam 2 and the small telescopic beam 3 within the limit range thereof, and at the same time, the extension is extended.
  • the support arm of the large telescopic beam 2 and the small telescopic beam 3 (the support arm refers to the distance between the large telescopic beam 2/the small telescopic beam 3 and the upper and lower action points of the main beam 1), so that the mechanical structure is affected.
  • the force conditions are improved, the requirements for the load-carrying capacity of the mechanical materials are reduced, the load-carrying capacity of the spreader is improved, and heavy-duty containers of a length of 20 ft or more can be lifted.
  • the weight of the heavy-duty container spreader operating vehicle is also reduced, the product cost is reduced, and the safety performance of the whole machine is improved.
  • the single main beam spreader can realize the follow-up support of the small telescopic beam by providing a follower support mechanism between the main beam and the telescopic beam, thereby extending the support arm of the two telescopic beams, thereby increasing the telescopic beam.
  • Support length improve the stress conditions of the mechanical structure, reduce the requirements on the bearing capacity of mechanical materials, and improve the carrying capacity of the spreader.
  • the outer wall of the follower support mechanism 5 abuts against the inner surface of the main beam 1, and the inner wall of the follower support mechanism 5 abuts against the outer surface of the small telescopic beam 3. Since the outer wall of the follower support mechanism 5 abuts against the inner surface of the main beam 1, the inner wall abuts against the outer surface of the small telescopic beam 3, thereby providing active support for the small telescopic beam 3.
  • the limiting mechanism configured for the follower support mechanism 5 includes: a first limiting mechanism 6 and a second limiting mechanism 7, and the first limiting mechanism 6 is disposed at the set end of the small telescopic beam 3
  • the card is connected to the follower support mechanism 5, and the second limit mechanism 7 is disposed at the set end of the large telescopic beam 2, and is slidably connected to the follower support mechanism 5.
  • the first limiting mechanism 6 limits the moving position of the follower supporting mechanism 5 toward the extending direction of the large telescopic beam 2
  • the second limiting mechanism 7 limits the moving position of the follower supporting mechanism 5 toward the protruding end of the small telescopic beam 3.
  • the set end of the large telescopic beam 2 and the small telescopic beam 3 refers to one end of the large telescopic beam 2 and the small telescopic beam 3 that are sleeved with each other.
  • the free end of the large telescopic beam 2 and the small telescopic beam 3 means: The other end of each other except the socket.
  • the large telescopic beam 2 and the small telescopic beam 3 are provided with a telescopic cylinder for driving the two telescopic movements.
  • the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder is connected to the large telescopic beam 2
  • the small telescopic beam 3 is free.
  • the cylinder is connected to the main beam 1.
  • the beam 4 may also be provided with a twist lock mechanism for locking and unlocking the object to be lifted, such as the container.
  • a follower support mechanism 5 is disposed between the large telescopic beam 2 and the small telescopic beam 3.
  • the two large and small telescopic beams can be telescoped in the main beam 1 under the driving of the telescopic cylinder.
  • the follower support mechanism 5 can move left and right relative to the two large and small telescopic beams in the main beam 1.
  • the follower support mechanism 5 is pushed to the end of the main beam 1 by the large telescopic beam 2, and the end face of the support frame 51 near the side of the large telescopic beam 2 is connected to the end face of the set end of the large telescopic beam 2
  • the width of the support frame 51 affects the overall length of the large telescopic beam 2.
  • the follower support mechanism 5 When the large telescopic beam 2 and the small telescopic beam 3 are driven by the telescopic cylinder and protrude from the initial contraction position, the follower support mechanism 5 will be driven by the second limiting mechanism 7 at the end of the large telescopic beam 2, toward the large When the telescopic beam 2 is extended, the follower support mechanism 5 is in contact with the first limiting mechanism 6 on the end of the small telescopic beam 3, and is restricted by the first limiting mechanism 6, so that It is impossible to disengage from the set end of the small telescopic beam 3, so that the follower support mechanism 5 realizes the extension and adjustment of the distance between the large telescopic beam 2 and the small telescopic beam 3 in its limit range.
  • the follower support mechanism 5 When the large telescopic beam 2 and the small telescopic beam 3 are simultaneously extended by the telescopic cylinder, in the case where the large telescopic beam 2 and the small telescopic beam 3 are not completely extended, the follower support mechanism 5 will be the small telescopic beam 3
  • the first limiting mechanism 6 of the end moves in the direction of the extension of the small telescopic beam 3, and is separated from the large telescopic beam 2, and the follower support mechanism 5 is also restricted by the second limiting mechanism 7 on the large telescopic beam 2,
  • the follower support mechanism 5 can be prevented from being disengaged from the first limit mechanism 6 without affecting the movement of the telescopic beam.
  • the length of the coincident portion of the small telescopic beam 3 and the main beam 1 is determined by the total length of the small telescopic beam 3, and the total length of the small telescopic beam 3 is limited only by the total length of the main beam 1.
  • the total length of the large telescopic beam 2 can be increased as much as possible by rationally designing the width of the support frame 51.
  • the purpose of increasing the length of the support arm of the two telescopic beams can greatly improve the stress of the mechanical structure, improve the load carrying capacity of the spreader, and realize the operation of the single main beam spreader for heavy containers of 20 ft or more. .
  • the small telescopic beam 3 due to the support of the small telescopic beam 3 by the follower support mechanism 5, the small telescopic beam 3 does not appear to be upturned due to the separation from the large telescopic beam 2, but still moves in the same plane. At the same time, the bearing capacity of the main beam 1 can be improved by the follower support mechanism 5 receiving the pressure of the tail portion of the small telescopic beam 2.
  • the small telescopic beam 3 can smoothly enter the inside of the large telescopic beam 2 due to the support of the follower support mechanism 5 to the small telescopic beam 3. .
  • the follower support mechanism 5 is again pushed by the large telescopic beam 2 to the end of the main beam 1 of the beam 4 near the small telescopic beam 3.
  • the follower support mechanism 5 includes a support frame 51 and a connection mechanism 52.
  • the inner side surface of the support frame 51 abuts against the outer surface of the small telescopic beam 3, and the outer side surface of the support frame 51 abuts against the inner surface of the main beam 1.
  • the link mechanism 52 is coupled to the second limit mechanism 7.
  • the follower support mechanism 5 includes a support frame 51 and a connecting mechanism 52.
  • the support frame 51 is subjected to the pressure generated by the load of the small telescopic beam 3 and transmits this pressure to the main beam 1.
  • the support frame 51 abuts the main beam 1 and the small telescopic beam 3, and supports the main beam 1 and the small telescopic beam 3 to become a motion support point of the small telescopic beam 3.
  • the connecting mechanism 52 is for limiting the position of the follower support mechanism 5.
  • the above-mentioned limiting mechanism is connected with the following supporting mechanism 5 to determine the limiting range of the follower supporting mechanism 5, that is, the connecting mechanism 52 is connected with the second limiting mechanism 7, and cooperates with the first limiting mechanism 6 for the supporting frame 51.
  • the limit achieves a limit on the entire follower support mechanism 5.
  • the connecting mechanism 52 and the support frame 51 can be Use active connections.
  • the movable connection manner in this embodiment can ensure a certain degree of freedom between the connecting mechanism 52 and the support frame 51, such as relative
  • the support frame 51 is rotated by a certain angle and oscillated at a certain angle to adapt to the positional deviation of the mechanical structure occurring during use, thereby improving the structural reliability of the follower support mechanism 5.
  • the connecting mechanism 52 and the supporting frame 51 can be movably connected by the shaft 53 perpendicular to the connecting surface.
  • the link between the link mechanism 52 and the support frame 51 is movably connected by a shaft 53 that is perpendicular to the joint surface.
  • the connecting mechanism 52 can be rotated about the connecting axis or can be oscillated at a certain angle.
  • the present embodiment is not limited to such a movable hinge embodiment, and the movable connection can be realized by means of an axis parallel to the joint surface or the like.
  • the attachment mechanism 52 can also utilize a linkage.
  • one end of the connecting rod is hingedly hinged to the mechanical frame 51, and the other end is snapped into the second limiting mechanism 7 to achieve the limit of the follower supporting mechanism 5.
  • the link may be two, and the two links are parallel to each other and disposed on the mechanical frame 51 in parallel with each other.
  • the attachment mechanism 52 can also utilize a chain.
  • the chain when the chain is used as the connecting mechanism 52, one end of the chain is connected to the supporting frame 51, and the other end is connected to the second limiting mechanism 7, so that the limit of the follower supporting mechanism 5 is realized.
  • the attachment mechanism 52 can also utilize a cord.
  • the connecting mechanism 52 is provided with a rope, one end of which is connected to the supporting frame 51, and the other end is connected to the second limiting mechanism 7 to realize the limit of the follower supporting mechanism 5.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a front sling comprising the single main beam spreader of any of the above embodiments.
  • the single main beam spreader provided by the above embodiments passes through the main beam and the telescopic beam.
  • the follow-up support mechanism is arranged to realize the follow-up support of the small telescopic beam, and the support arm of the large and small telescopic beam is extended, thereby improving the mechanical condition of the mechanical structure, reducing the bearing capacity requirement of the mechanical material, and improving the single master.
  • the load-carrying capacity of the beam spreader enables lifting of heavy-duty containers of 20 ft or more.
  • the single main beam spreader and the front hoist provided by the present disclosure improve the stress conditions of the mechanical structure by increasing the support length of the telescopic beam, reduce the bearing capacity of the mechanical material, and improve the carrying capacity of the spreader. Therefore, the single main beam spreader and front hoist of the present disclosure have industrial applicability.

Abstract

一种单主梁吊具，包括主梁（1），位于主梁（1）内的大伸缩梁（2）和小伸缩梁（3），设置在大伸缩梁（2）和小伸缩梁（3）的自由端的横梁（4），限位机构（6，7）及随动支撑机构（5）；小伸缩梁（3）的套装端可伸缩地套装于大伸缩梁（2）的套装端，随动支撑机构（5）设置在主梁（1）与小伸缩梁（3）之间，且小伸缩梁（3）套装于随动支撑机构（5）；限位机构（6，7）设置于大伸缩梁（2）和小伸缩梁（3）的套装端，且与随动支撑机构（5）连接，用于确定随动支撑机构（5）的限位范围；其中，随动支撑机构（5）在限位范围内活动支撑小伸缩梁（3）。本发明还公开了一种正面吊。本发明能够实现对小伸缩梁的随动支撑，延长两个伸缩梁的支撑力臂，提高单主梁吊具的承载能力。

Description

单主梁吊具及正面吊 本申请要求于 2013 年 9 月 27 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201310449734.3、 发明名称为 "一种单主梁吊具及正面吊" 的中国专利申请 的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请， 本申请所引用并包含的其 披露的所有相关申请是本申请的不可分割的一部分。 技术领域
本披露涉及工程机械吊具领域， 具体而言， 涉及一种单主梁吊具及正 面吊。 背景技术
重载集装箱吊具如正面吊集装箱吊具为满足重载工况作业要求一般釆 用双主梁吊具的结构， 这样就导致了吊具体积较大， 伸缩梁结构不对称， 吊具自身重量增加等问题。
目前， 用于起吊空集装箱的堆高机吊具一般釆用单主梁结构， 即左、 右伸缩梁釆用不同的截面， 在同一个主梁内分层布置。 这种单主梁结构的 优点是吊具体积小， 结构紧凑， 重量轻。 但本披露的发明人发现由于受到 结构和尺寸的限制， 伸缩梁无法完全占用主梁的空间， 导致伸缩梁较短。
例如， 集装箱吊具一般要求可起吊 20ft和 40ft两种集装箱， 这两种集 装箱要求吊具锁头间距分别是 5852mm和 11984mm， 为满足此要求， 在起 吊 40ft集装箱时， 吊具伸缩梁伸出长度约为 （ 11984-5852 ) ÷2=3066mm。 因此， 可进行以下简单计算：
1、 主梁长度1^<5852111111；
2、 大伸缩梁长度 Ll<5852mm;
3、 小伸缩梁长度 L2<5852mm; 贝' J Ll+L2<2 x 5852mm=11704mm<11984mm。
所以在 40ft状态下， 大小伸缩梁必然分离， 此时， 小伸缩梁将不能依 靠大伸缩梁进行支撑。
目前的单主梁吊具为小伸缩梁单独设置了固定的支撑滑块， 设支撑长 度为 L3，则 L=L3+L1， LI -3066mm « L3，所以 L3=(L-3066) ÷ 2<( 5852-3066 ) ÷ 2=1393mm。
上述计算仅为说明性计算， 本披露的发明人发现实际产品中， 单主梁 吊具在起吊 40ft集装箱时， 伸缩梁与主梁重合部分仅 1000mm左右。 由于 吊具伸缩梁伸出到主梁外侧的长度在 3066mm左右， 则主梁端部承受压力 约为单个伸缩梁负载的 4倍， 这就导致机械结构的受力重、 对机械材料的 承载能力要求高， 这种高受力在重载工况下更为严峻， 使得普通单主梁吊 具无法起吊 20ft以上长度的重载集装箱。
因此， 需要提供一种单主梁吊具， 以解决上述的技术问题。 发明内容
有鉴于此， 本披露实施例提供一种单主梁吊具， 以增加伸缩梁的支撑 长度， 提高吊具承载能力。
为达到上述目的， 本披露实施例的技术方案是这样实现的：
第一方面， 本披露实施例提供了一种单主梁吊具， 该单主梁吊具包括： 主梁； 大伸缩梁， 位于所述主梁内； 小伸缩梁， 位于所述主梁内， 所述小 伸缩梁的套装端可伸缩地套装于所述大伸缩梁的套装端； 所述大伸缩梁的 自由端和所述小伸缩梁的自由端设置有横梁； 随动支撑机构， 设置于所述 主梁与所述小伸缩梁之间， 且所述小伸缩梁套装于所述随动支撑机构； 以 及， 限位机构， 设置于所述大伸缩梁和所述小伸缩梁的套装端， 且与所述 随动支撑机构连接， 用于确定所述随动支撑机构的限位范围； 其中， 所述 随动支撑机构在所述限位范围内活动支撑所述小伸缩梁。 因此， 随动支撑机构在对小伸缩梁提供活动支撑的同时， 延长了大伸 缩梁、 小伸缩梁伸出时的支撑力臂， 使得机械结构的受力条件得到改善， 对机械材料承载能力的要求降低， 吊具的承载能力得到提高， 可起吊 20ft 以上长度的重载集装箱。 相对普通重载集装箱吊具， 上述技术方案还能够 降低重载集装箱吊具作业车辆的整机重量以及产品成本， 并提高整机安全 性能。
在一些实施例中， 所述随动支撑机构外壁可与所述主梁内表面抵接， 所述随动支撑机构内壁与所述小伸缩梁外表面抵接。
由于随动支撑机构的外壁与主梁内表面抵接， 内壁与小伸缩梁外表面 抵接， 从而为小伸缩梁提供活动支撑。
在一些实施例中， 限位机构包括： 第一限位机构， 设置于所述小伸缩 梁的套装端， 用于卡接所述随动支撑机构； 第二限位机构， 设置于所述大 伸缩梁的套装端， 与所述随动支撑机构滑动连接。
这样， 第一限位机构限制随动支撑机构朝大伸缩梁伸出方向的运动位 置， 第二限位机构限制随动支撑机构朝小伸缩梁伸出端方向的运动位置。
在一些实施例中， 随动支撑机构可包括支撑框架和连接机构； 支撑框 架的内侧面与小伸缩梁的外表面抵接， 支撑框架的外侧面与主梁的内表面 抵接； 连接机构一端与支撑框架连接， 另一端与第二限位机构连接。
在该技术方案中， 随动支撑机构包括支撑框架和连接机构两部分， 支 撑框架与主梁和小伸缩梁抵接， 对主梁和小伸缩梁起支撑作用， 成为小伸 缩梁的一个运动支撑点； 连接机构与第二限位机构连接， 配合第一限位机 构对支撑框架的限位实现对整个随动支撑机构的限位。
在一可选技术方案中， 连接机构与支撑框架可釆用活动连接。
该技术方案中， 支撑框架与连接机构活动铰接， 使得连接机构相对于 支撑框架具有一定的自由度， 如相对于支撑框架回转一定角度、 摆动一定 角度， 以适应使用过程中出现的机械结构位置偏差， 从而提高随动支撑机 构的结构可靠性。
在一可选技术方案中， 连接机构与支撑框架间可釆用垂直于连接表面 的轴活动较接。
该技术方案中， 连接机构可以绕铰接轴线旋转， 也可进行一定角度的 摆动。
在一可选技术方案中， 连接机构与支撑框架间可釆用平行于连接表面 的轴活动较接。
在一可选技术方案中， 连接机构可为连杆。 所述连杆可为两根， 且所 述两根连杆相互平行。
在一可选技术方案中， 连接机构可为链条或绳索。
此外， 本披露实施例还提供了一种正面吊， 包括上述任一技术方案中 所述的单主梁吊具。
综上所述， 本披露各实施例所提供的技术方案， 通过在主梁与伸缩梁 之间设置随动支撑机构实现对小伸缩梁的随动支撑， 延长了两个伸缩梁的 支撑力臂， 从而改善了机械结构的受力条件， 降低了机械材料的承载能力 要求， 提高了单主梁吊具的承载能力， 实现对 20ft以上重载集装箱的起吊 作业。 附图说明
图 1为本披露一些实施例的单主梁吊具的结构示意图；
图 2为本披露一些实施例的单主梁吊具处于 20ft状态时的结构示意图； 图 3为本披露一些实施例中随动支撑机构的结构示意图。
附图标记说明
1 主梁
2 大伸缩梁 3 小伸缩梁
4 横梁
5 随动支撑机构
51 支撑框架
52 连接机构
53 轴
6 第一限位机构
7 第二限位机构 具体实施方式 为了能够更清楚地理解本披露的上述目的、 特征和优点， 下面结合附 图和具体实施方式对本披露进行进一步的详细描述。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本披露， 但是， 本披露还可以釆用其他不同于在此描述的其他方式来实施， 因此， 本披露 的保护范围并不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
下面结合附图和实施例对本披露做进一步说明。 需要说明的是， 在不 冲突的情况下， 本申请的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
参照图 1和图 2， 其示出了本实施例所提供的单主梁吊具的结构。 本实 施例中， 单主梁吊具包括： 主梁 1、 大伸缩梁 2、 小伸缩梁 3、 横梁 4、 限 位机构及随动支撑机构 5。
其中， 大伸缩梁 2和小伸缩梁 3位于主梁 1 内， 小伸缩梁 3的套装端 可伸缩地套装于大伸缩梁 2的套装端。 大伸缩梁 2和小伸缩梁 3的自由端 分别设置有横梁 4。 随动支撑机构 5设置于主梁 1与小伸缩梁 3之间， 小伸 缩梁 3套装于随动支撑机构 5。限位机构设置于大伸缩梁 2和小伸缩梁 3的 套装端， 且限位机构与随动支撑机构 5连接， 用于确定随动支撑机构 5的 限位范围。 其中， 随动支撑机构 5在其限位范围内活动支撑小伸缩梁 3。 本实施例中， 随动支撑机构 5在其限位范围内可通过相对于主梁 1、 大 伸缩梁 2和小伸缩梁 3的滑动， 实现对小伸缩梁 3的活动支撑， 同时， 延 长了大伸缩梁 2、 小伸缩梁 3伸出时的支撑力臂（支撑力臂是指大伸缩梁 2/小伸缩梁 3与主梁 1的上下作用点之间的距离）， 使得机械结构的受力条 件得到改善， 对机械材料承载能力的要求降低， 吊具的承载能力得到提高， 可起吊 20ft以上长度的重载集装箱。 相对普通重载集装箱吊具， 还降低了 重载集装箱吊具作业车辆的整机重量， 降低了产品成本， 提高了整机安全 性能。
可见， 上述的单主梁吊具能够通过在主梁与伸缩梁之间设置随动支撑 机构实现对小伸缩梁的随动支撑， 以延长两个伸缩梁的支撑力臂， 从而增 加伸缩梁的支撑长度， 改善机械结构的受力条件， 降低对机械材料承载能 力的要求， 提高吊具承载能力。
上述实施例中， 作为一种可选方式， 随动支撑机构 5外壁与主梁 1 内 表面抵接， 随动支撑机构 5 内壁与小伸缩梁 3外表面抵接。 由于随动支撑 机构 5的外壁与主梁 1 内表面抵接， 内壁与小伸缩梁 3外表面抵接， 从而 为小伸缩梁 3提供活动支撑。
在一可选实施例中， 为随动支撑机构 5 配置的限位机构包括： 第一限 位机构 6及第二限位机构 7， 第一限位机构 6设置于小伸缩梁 3的套装端， 用于卡接随动支撑机构 5， 第二限位机构 7设置于大伸缩梁 2的套装端， 与 随动支撑机构 5滑动连接。
这样， 第一限位机构 6限制随动支撑机构 5朝大伸缩梁 2伸出方向的 运动位置， 第二限位机构 7限制随动支撑机构 5朝小伸缩梁 3伸出端方向 的运动位置。
需要指出的是， 大伸缩梁 2、 小伸缩梁 3的套装端是指： 大伸缩梁 2与 小伸缩梁 3相互套接的一端。 大伸缩梁 2、 小伸缩梁 3的自由端是指： 二者 相互套接端之外的各自另一端。 另外， 大伸缩梁 2、 小伸缩梁 3配置有用于 驱动二者进行伸缩动作的伸缩油缸， 例如， 如图 1 所示， 伸缩油缸的活塞 杆连接于大伸缩梁 2、 小伸缩梁 3的自由端， 缸体连接于主梁 1。
上述实施例中， 横梁 4上还可设有旋锁机构， 用于对被吊物体如集装 箱进行锁定和解锁。
如图 1和图 2所示，大伸缩梁 2与小伸缩梁 3之间设置随动支撑机构 5， 两根大、 小伸缩梁可在伸缩油缸的驱动下在主梁 1 内进行伸缩运动， 此过 程中， 随动支撑机构 5在主梁 1内可相对于这两根大、 小伸缩梁左右移动。
例如， 当吊具处于 20ft状态时随动支撑机构 5被大伸缩梁 2推到了主 梁 1端部， 支撑框架 51靠近大伸缩梁 2—侧的端面与大伸缩梁 2套装端的 端面 4氏接， 支撑框架 51的宽度对大伸缩梁 2的总长度产生影响。
当大伸缩梁 2和小伸缩梁 3在伸缩油缸的驱动下， 由初始收缩位置同 时伸出时， 随动支撑机构 5将被大伸缩梁 2端部的第二限位机构 7带动， 朝大伸缩梁 2伸出的方向运动， 运动至一定位置时， 随动支撑机构 5与小 伸缩梁 3端部上的第一限位机构 6接触， 并受第一限位机构 6的限制， 使 其无法从小伸缩梁 3的套装端脱离， 从而随动支撑机构 5在其限位范围实 现对大伸缩梁 2和小伸缩梁 3间距的延长与调节。
当大伸缩梁 2和小伸缩梁 3在伸缩油缸的驱动下同时伸出时， 在大伸 缩梁 2和小伸缩梁 3未完全伸出的情况下，随动支撑机构 5将被小伸缩梁 3 端部的第一限位机构 6带动朝小伸缩梁 3伸出的方向运动， 与大伸缩梁 2 分离， 随动支撑机构 5还受大伸缩梁 2上的第二限位机构 7的限制， 可使 随动支撑机构 5无法脱离第一限位机构 6， 同时又不会影响伸缩梁运动。
这样， 在 40ft状态时， 小伸缩梁 3与主梁 1的重合部分长度由小伸缩 梁 3的总长度确定， 而小伸缩梁 3的总长度仅受主梁 1总长度限制。 这使 得大伸缩梁 2与主梁 1重合部分长度不再影响小伸缩梁 3与主梁 1重合部 分长度。 可通过合理设计支撑框架 51的宽度， 尽量增加大伸缩梁 2的总长 度。 最终达到 40ft状态时， 增加两个伸缩梁的支撑力臂长度的目的， 可大 大改善机械结构的受力情况，提高吊具的承载能力， 实现单主梁吊具对 20ft 以上重载集装箱的作业。
需要指出的是， 由于随动支撑机构 5对小伸缩梁 3的支撑， 小伸缩梁 3 不会因为与大伸缩梁 2 的分离而出现尾部上翘现象， 而是仍在相同平面内 运动。 同时， 由随动支撑机构 5承受小伸缩梁 2尾部的压力， 可提高主梁 1 的承载能力。
例如， 当大伸缩梁 2和小伸缩梁 3在伸缩油缸的驱动下同时收回时， 由于随动支撑机构 5对小伸缩梁 3的支撑， 小伸缩梁 3可以顺利的再次进 入大伸缩梁 2内部。 当吊具缩回至 20ft状态时， 随动支撑机构 5将再次被 大伸缩梁 2推到靠近小伸缩梁 3的横梁 4的主梁 1端部。
在上述实施例及各种可选方式的基础上， 随动支撑机构 5 包括支撑框 架 51和连接机构 52。 支撑框架 51的内侧面与小伸缩梁 3的外表面抵接， 支撑框架 51的外侧面与主梁 1的内表面抵接。 连接机构 52与第二限位机 构 7连接。
其中， 随动支撑机构 5包括支撑框架 51和连接机构 52两部分。 支撑 框架 51承受小伸缩梁 3负载产生的压力， 并将此压力传递给主梁 1。 支撑 框架 51与主梁 1和小伸缩梁 3抵接， 对主梁 1和小伸缩梁 3起支撑作用， 成为小伸缩梁 3的一个运动支撑点。
另外， 连接机构 52用于限制随动支撑机构 5的位置。 上述的限位机构 与随动支撑机构 5连接， 确定随动支撑机构 5的限位范围， 即： 连接机构 52与第二限位机构 7连接，配合第一限位机构 6对支撑框架 51的限位实现 对整个随动支撑机构 5的限位。
上述实施例中， 作为可选的实施方式， 连接机构 52与支撑框架 51可 釆用活动连接。 本实施例中， 由于各运动部件随着使用时间的增加， 难免 出现各种偏差， 因此本实施例中的活动连接方式可保证连接机构 52与支撑 框架 51之间具有一定的自由度， 如相对于支撑框架 51 回转一定角度、 摆 动一定角度， 以适应使用过程中出现的机械结构位置偏差， 从而提高随动 支撑机构 5的结构可靠性。
上述实施例中， 可选的是， 连接机构 52与支撑框架 51 间可釆用垂直 于连接表面的轴 53活动较接。
如图 3中所提供的实施例所示， 连接机构 52与支撑框架 51间釆用垂 直于连接表面的轴 53活动较接。 该技术方案中， 连接机构 52可以绕较接 轴线旋转， 也可进行一定角度的摆动。 但是， 本实施例并不限于这种活动 铰接实施方式， 还可以釆用平行于连接表面的轴等方式来实现活动连接。
在一可选实施例中， 连接机构 52还可釆用连杆。 本实施例中， 连杆一 端与机械框架 51活动铰接， 另一端卡接在第二限位机构 7中， 实现对随动 支撑机构 5的限位。
上述实施例中， 所述连杆可为两根， 且所述两根连杆相互平行， 且相 互平行地设置在机械框架 51上。
在另一可选实施例中， 连接机构 52还可釆用链条。 本实施例釆用链条 作为连接机构 52时， 链条一端连接在支撑框架 51上， 另一端连接在第二 限位机构 7上， 实现对随动支撑机构 5的限位。
在另一可选实施例中， 连接机构 52还可釆用绳索。 本实施例中， 连接 机构 52釆用绳索， 绳索一端连接在支撑框架 51上， 另一端连接在第二限 位机构 7上， 实现对随动支撑机构 5的限位。
此外， 本披露的实施例还提供了一种正面吊， 包括上述任一实施例中 所述的单主梁吊具。
综上所述， 上述各实施例所提供的单主梁吊具， 通过在主梁与伸缩梁 之间设置随动支撑机构实现对小伸缩梁的随动支撑， 延长了大小伸缩梁的 支撑力臂， 从而改善了机械结构的受力条件， 降低了机械材料的承载能力 要求， 提高了单主梁吊具的承载能力， 实现对 20ft以上重载集装箱的起吊 作业。
在本实用新型中， 术语 "第一"、 "第二" 仅用于描述的目的， 而不能 理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。 对于本领域的普通技术人员而言， 可以根 据具体情况理解上述术语在本实用新型中的具体含义。
以上所述仅为本披露的实施例而已， 并不用于限制本披露， 对于本领 域的技术人员来说， 本披露可以有各种更改和变化。 凡在本披露的精神和 原则之内， 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等， 均应包含在本披露的保 护范围之内。 工业实用性
本披露提供的单主梁吊具及正面吊， 通过增加伸缩梁的支撑长度， 改 善机械结构的受力条件， 降低对机械材料承载能力的要求， 提高吊具承载 能力。 因此， 本披露的单主梁吊具及正面吊具有工业实用性。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种单主梁吊具， 包括：
主梁（1 );
大伸缩梁（2)， 位于所述主梁（1 ) 内；
小伸缩梁（3)， 位于所述主梁（1 ) 内， 所述小伸缩梁（3) 的套装端 可伸缩地套装于所述大伸缩梁 (2) 的套装端； 其中， 所述大伸缩梁 (2) 的自由端和所述小伸缩梁（3) 的自由端分别设置有横梁（4);
随动支撑机构 （5)， 设置于所述主梁（1 )与所述小伸缩梁（3)之间， 且所述小伸缩梁（3)套装于所述随动支撑机构 （5); 以及，
限位机构， 设置于所述大伸缩梁（2)和所述小伸缩梁（3) 的套装端， 且与所述随动支撑机构 （5)连接， 用于确定所述随动支撑机构 （5) 的限 位范围；
其中， 所述随动支撑机构（5)在所述限位范围内活动支撑所述小伸缩 梁（3)。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的单主梁吊具， 其中， 所述随动支撑机构 （5) 外壁与所述主梁（1 ) 内表面抵接， 所述随动支撑机构 （5) 内壁与所述小 伸缩梁（3)外表面抵接。
3、根据权利要求 1或 2所述的单主梁吊具，其中， 所述限位机构包括： 第一限位机构 （6)， 设置于所述小伸缩梁（3) 的套装端， 用于卡接所 述随动支撑机构 （5);
第二限位机构 （7)， 设置于所述大伸缩梁（2) 的套装端， 与所述随动 支撑机构 （5)滑动连接。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的单主梁吊具， 其中， 所述随动支撑机构 （5) 包括：
支撑框架 （51)， 其内侧面与小伸缩梁 （3) 的外表面抵接， 外侧面与 所述主梁（1) 的内表面抵接；
连接机构 （52)， 其一端与所述支撑框架（51)连接， 另一端与所述第 二限位机构 （7)连接。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的单主梁吊具， 其中， 所述连接机构 （52)与 所述支撑框架（51)活动连接。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的单主梁吊具， 其中：
所述连接机构 （52) 与所述支撑框架 （51 ) 间釆用垂直于连接表面的 轴（53) 活动铰接； 或者，
所述连接机构 （52) 与所述支撑框架 （51 ) 间釆用平行于连接表面的 轴（ 53 ) 活动铰接。
7、 根据权利要求 4所述的单主梁吊具， 其中， 所述连接机构 （52) 为 连杆。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的单主梁吊具， 其中， 所述连杆为两根， 且两 根所述连杆相互平行。
9、 根据权利要求 4所述的单主梁吊具， 其中， 所述连接机构 （52) 为 链条或绳索。 、 根据权利要求 1至 9任意一项所述的单主梁吊具， 其中， 所述横 设有旋锁机构， 用于对被吊物体进行锁定和解锁。
、一种正面吊，设置有权利要求 1-10中任意一项所述的单主梁吊具。
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