WO2015039584A1 - 采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池及控制方法 - Google Patents

采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池及控制方法 Download PDF

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WO2015039584A1
WO2015039584A1 PCT/CN2014/086370 CN2014086370W WO2015039584A1 WO 2015039584 A1 WO2015039584 A1 WO 2015039584A1 CN 2014086370 W CN2014086370 W CN 2014086370W WO 2015039584 A1 WO2015039584 A1 WO 2015039584A1
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Prior art keywords
ion battery
lithium ion
charging
rechargeable battery
battery
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PCT/CN2014/086370
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李松
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李松
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Priority to RS20190869A priority Critical patent/RS59089B1/sr
Application filed by 李松 filed Critical 李松
Priority to SI201431258T priority patent/SI3051622T1/sl
Priority to DK14845187.5T priority patent/DK3051622T3/da
Priority to ES14845187T priority patent/ES2734578T3/es
Priority to JP2016543298A priority patent/JP6387415B2/ja
Priority to KR1020167008386A priority patent/KR101838540B1/ko
Priority to PL14845187T priority patent/PL3051622T3/pl
Priority to LT14845187T priority patent/LT3051622T/lt
Priority to EP14845187.5A priority patent/EP3051622B1/en
Priority to US15/024,204 priority patent/US10103412B2/en
Publication of WO2015039584A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015039584A1/zh
Priority to HRP20191206TT priority patent/HRP20191206T1/hr
Priority to CY20191100715T priority patent/CY1121809T1/el

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/443—Methods for charging or discharging in response to temperature
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/446—Initial charging measures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/46—Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00309—Overheat or overtemperature protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
    • H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
    • H02J7/007194—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature of the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of secondary battery or electronic power supply technology, and in particular, to a universal rechargeable battery and a control method using the lithium ion battery.
  • a lithium ion secondary battery (hereinafter referred to as a lithium ion battery) has the advantages of large specific energy, rapid charge and discharge, long cycle life, small self-discharge, no pollution, no memory effect, etc., and is currently replacing a general-purpose primary battery and nickel-hydrogen.
  • An ideal secondary battery for rechargeable batteries is relatively high, and the output voltage varies with the use of the positive electrode system.
  • the commercial lithium ion battery has a nominal voltage of 3.2V to 3.8V, and with lithium. With the development of ion battery technology, the nominal voltage of lithium-ion batteries will also increase. It is obvious that lithium-ion batteries cannot be directly used to replace general-purpose batteries with a nominal voltage of 1.5V and nickel-metal hydride rechargeable batteries with a nominal voltage of 1.2V.
  • lithium-ion batteries Although lithium-ion batteries have good charge and discharge performance, they have problems such as poor over-charging and over-discharge resistance, poor charging and over-heating resistance, and poor aging and damage of lithium-ion batteries. If it is heavy, it will cause burning or even explosion. Therefore, it must be controlled in strict accordance with the charging and discharging technical conditions of the lithium ion battery.
  • a negative-capacity lithium-ion battery (usually in a steel casing) that is connected by a negative current collector and an outer casing; and second, a positive electrode set is adopted.
  • a positive-packaged lithium-ion battery (usually in an aluminum casing) that is connected to the outer casing of the fluid; and a quasi-insulating lithium-ion battery (usually packaged in an aluminum-plastic composite film material) in a soft-packed casing;
  • the outer casing is made of an insulating and encapsulating lithium-ion battery (usually packaged in polypropylene and polyethylene).
  • the rechargeable battery uses a computer USB interface and a universal lithium-ion battery charging adapter as a charging power source, which can reduce the cost of purchase and save social resources.
  • the rechargeable battery does not have lithium ion battery charging control and charging overheat protection
  • the lithium ion battery charging control and the overheat protection circuit are not provided inside the rechargeable battery, it is necessary to take an access diode to isolate the charging and discharging circuit during charging, and use a dedicated lithium ion battery charging control circuit and a temperature sensing circuit. Set the charging device to charge. Therefore, the following technical performance defects exist: First, the forward voltage drop of the diode during charging varies with the operating current and temperature, which reduces the detection and charging control accuracy of the charging control circuit for the lithium ion battery, and the diode is guided. When the voltage drop is high, there is a problem that the lithium ion battery cannot be fully charged.
  • the charging circuit is connected to the isolation diode, the charging input voltage of the rechargeable battery is raised. Since the upper limit voltage of the existing lithium-lithium battery of the lithium-lithium system has reached 4.35V and will increase in the future, if the nominal voltage is 5V ⁇ The 0.25V existing universal lithium-ion battery charging adapter or computer USB interface charges the rechargeable battery, even with a Schottky device with a low forward voltage drop, the lower limit of the charging input voltage and the upper limit of the isolation diode's conduction voltage drop.
  • the external temperature sensing circuit can only indirectly detect the temperature of the lithium ion battery through the outer package housing or electrode of the rechargeable battery, reducing Lithium-ion battery charging temperature detection accuracy, so that the rechargeable battery has a problem that the lithium-ion battery is overheated to reduce cycle life and safety.
  • the rechargeable battery does not have lithium ion battery discharge overheat protection
  • the lithium ion battery temperature sensing and control circuit is not installed inside the rechargeable battery, so that the rechargeable battery does not have the overheat protection function of the lithium ion battery discharge process, so that the lithium ion battery temperature exceeds when the rechargeable battery is discharged at a high rate in a high temperature environment.
  • the circuit connection between the negative electrode of the charge and discharge controller and the rechargeable battery package housing adopts a radial elastic compression connection structure.
  • the elastic negative electrode When the rechargeable battery is assembled, the elastic negative electrode must be pressed down in the radial direction to be charged.
  • the discharge controller is pushed into the package housing of the rechargeable battery.
  • the elastic negative electrode is a movable component, and its structure occupies a large internal space of the charge and discharge controller, and makes it difficult for the charge and discharge controller to achieve sealing.
  • the charging and discharging controller is bulky and the manufacturing process is complicated. The difficulty is high, it is not conducive to automated mass production assembly, and waterproof sealing cannot be realized. Therefore, there is a problem that the rechargeable battery has low storage capacity, high production cost, and is liable to cause circuit failure after being wetted and immersed in water.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a universal rechargeable battery comprising a lithium ion battery, which has a regulated output of 1.5V and a regulated output of 1.1V when the lithium ion battery is low, and can be charged by a computer USB interface or a universal lithium ion battery.
  • the adapter charges it, its regulated output is 1.5V and the regulated output is 1.1V when the lithium-ion battery is low. It can be charged by computer USB interface or universal lithium-ion battery charging adapter.
  • the controller housing is used as the electrode structure of the lithium ion battery negative electrode to connect to the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit, which saves the internal space of the large charge and discharge controller and eliminates the moving parts that hinder the sealing of the charge and discharge controller.
  • Waterproof and sealed controller for charging and discharging, to prevent the problem of circuit failure after damp and water immersion, and to improve general-purpose charging
  • the storage capacity reduces the production cost; and the charge and discharge controller has a lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit, which realizes the control and protection of the charging and discharging process of the lithium ion battery, and improves the cycle life and safety of the lithium ion battery. Sex.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a general-purpose rechargeable battery control method using a lithium ion battery, according to the charging and discharging working technical conditions required for a lithium ion battery, by setting a lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit, for lithium
  • the charge and discharge process of the ion battery is controlled and protected, and the overcharge protection, overdischarge protection, charge and discharge rate protection and charge and discharge overheat protection of the lithium ion battery are realized, and the cycle life and safety of the lithium ion battery are improved, and the realization is realized.
  • the general-purpose rechargeable battery has a regulated output of 1.5V and a regulated output of 1.1V when the lithium-ion battery is low.
  • the present invention provides a universal rechargeable battery comprising a lithium ion battery, comprising: an outer package housing, and a charge and discharge controller, a positive pressure crimping piece, and a lithium package which are sequentially assembled and assembled in the outer package housing.
  • the charge and discharge controller includes: a charge and discharge controller housing, and a charge and discharge control circuit soldering device disposed in the charge and discharge controller housing
  • the body, the insulating gasket, the charge and discharge controller bracket, the charging and discharging control circuit welding body is equipped with a lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit
  • the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit comprises: welding on the circuit board and respectively Lithium-ion battery, positive terminal cover, and lithium ion battery charging control circuit, lithium ion battery detection circuit, and DC-DC step-down type electrically connected through the charge and discharge controller housing and the outer package housing and the negative end cover Regulated discharge circuit.
  • the invention also provides a control method of a general-purpose rechargeable battery constructed by using a lithium ion battery,
  • a universal rechargeable battery comprising a lithium ion battery includes: an outer package housing, and a charge and discharge controller, a positive pressure crimping piece, a lithium ion battery, and a negative end cap which are sequentially assembled and assembled in the outer package housing;
  • the discharge controller includes: a charge and discharge controller housing, and a charge and discharge control circuit soldering body, an insulating gasket, a charge and discharge controller bracket disposed in the charge and discharge controller housing; and the charge and discharge control circuit welding body welding
  • the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit is provided, and the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit comprises: soldering on the circuit substrate and respectively supporting the lithium ion battery, the positive electrode end cover, and the charging and discharging controller housing and the outer package housing a lithium ion battery charging control circuit electrically connected to the negative electrode end cover, a lithium ion battery detecting circuit, and a DC-DC buck type voltage stabilizing discharging circuit;
  • the charging and discharging control method of the universal type rechargeable battery includes the following control conditions:
  • the lithium ion battery charging and discharging control circuit After the charging power source is connected to the universal charging battery, the lithium ion battery charging and discharging control circuit enters a charging state when detecting the charged charging voltage, and the charging and discharging control circuit of the lithium ion battery is turned off in the charging state. The discharge discharge is turned on and the lithium ion battery is charged;
  • Controlling condition 2 in the charging state, the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit detects an output voltage of the lithium ion battery, and selects trickle charging, constant current charging or constant voltage according to an output voltage state of the lithium ion battery.
  • the charging method charges the lithium ion battery.
  • the lithium ion battery charging control circuit detects the maximum allowable output current of the charging power source. When the maximum allowable output current of the charging power source is less than the set charging current value, the charging power source is used. The maximum allowable output current charges the lithium ion battery, and stops charging the lithium ion battery when the charging current in the constant voltage charging state drops to the set full state determining current;
  • Control condition three when the charging power source is separated from the universal charging battery, the lithium ion battery charging and discharging control circuit detects that the charging power source is detached, and releases excess energy stored by the filter capacitor during charging, so that the universal rechargeable battery is positive or negative.
  • the voltage between the electrodes rapidly drops to be equal to or lower than the maximum open circuit voltage and enters the discharge state.
  • the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit turns off the charge output and turns on the regulated discharge, and discharges the discharge according to the control condition.
  • Control condition four in the discharge state, the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit detects the output voltage of the lithium ion battery, and reduces the output voltage of the lithium ion battery to the first when the output voltage of the lithium ion battery is higher than the low battery voltage V L Output voltage regulated output; when the output voltage of the lithium ion battery is higher than the discharge cutoff voltage V D but equal to or lower than the low battery voltage V L , the output voltage of the lithium ion battery is lowered to the second output voltage regulated output, and in the lithium When the output voltage of the ion battery is higher than V L + ⁇ V 1 , the first output voltage is outputted; V L is the set lithium battery low voltage, and ⁇ V 1 is the set lithium ion battery low.
  • the hysteresis voltage of the battery voltage detection threshold, V D is the set discharge voltage of the lithium ion battery;
  • Control condition 5 in the discharge state, the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit detects the output voltage of the lithium ion battery, and turns off the regulated output when the output voltage of the lithium ion battery drops to be equal to or lower than the discharge cutoff voltage V D , and When the output voltage of the lithium ion battery is higher than V D + ⁇ V 2 , the voltage regulation output is restored according to the control condition 4; ⁇ V 2 is the set back voltage of the lithium ion battery discharge cutoff voltage detection threshold;
  • the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit detects the temperature of the lithium ion battery, and stops charging the lithium ion battery when the temperature of the lithium ion battery rises to the charging upper limit temperature T CH And when the temperature of the lithium ion battery drops below T CH - ⁇ T 1 , the charging is resumed again, T CH is the set lithium ion battery charging upper limit temperature, and ⁇ T 1 is the set backlash of the T CH detection threshold. The temperature difference corresponding to the temperature;
  • Control condition seven in the discharge process of the general-purpose rechargeable battery, the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit detects the temperature of the lithium ion battery, stops the steady voltage output when the temperature of the lithium ion battery rises to the discharge upper limit temperature T DH , and When the temperature of the lithium ion battery drops below T DH - ⁇ T 2 , the regulated output is restored again, T DH is the set discharge limit temperature of the lithium ion battery, and ⁇ T 2 is the hysteresis voltage of the set T DH detection threshold. Corresponding hysteresis temperature;
  • control condition 1 gives the charging power source to the universal rechargeable battery, and the control condition 6 allows the lithium ion battery to be charged, the lithium ion battery is charged according to the control condition 2, and the lithium ion battery is not allowed to be charged when the control condition 6 is not allowed. Stop charging the Li-ion battery;
  • control condition three gives the general-purpose rechargeable battery out of the charging power supply
  • control condition 5 and the control condition 7 both allow the lithium ion battery to discharge the output
  • the control condition four the lithium ion battery output power is stepped down and the output is stabilized, when the control is performed.
  • Condition 5 or Control Condition 7 does not allow the regulated output to be turned off when the Li-Ion battery discharges.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the universal rechargeable battery comprising the lithium ion battery of the invention has a regulated output of 1.5V and a regulated output of 1.1V when the lithium ion battery is low, and can be charged by a computer USB interface or a universal lithium ion battery.
  • the adapter is charged with its body structure and discharge performance in accordance with GB/T 8897.2-2013 and IEC 60086-2 technical specifications, which can directly replace the existing general-purpose primary battery and nickel-hydrogen rechargeable battery, and its charge and discharge controller structure and assembly process Simple, there is Conducive to automated mass production assembly, using the charge and discharge controller housing as the lithium ion battery anode to access the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit electrode structure, saving a large charge and discharge controller internal space, eliminating the barrier charge and discharge controller
  • the sealed moving parts can realize the waterproof sealing of the charge and discharge controller, prevent the circuit from being damaged after damp and water immersion, and at the same time, improve the storage capacity of the universal rechargeable battery, reduce the production cost, and have lithium in the charge and discharge controller.
  • the ion battery charge and discharge control circuit realizes the control and protection of the charging and discharging process of the lithium ion battery, improves the cycle life and safety of the lithium ion battery, and the control method of the universal rechargeable battery using the lithium ion battery of the present invention
  • the charging and discharging control circuit of the lithium ion battery is set to control and protect the charging and discharging process of the lithium ion battery, thereby realizing the charging and discharging process of the lithium ion battery.
  • the USB interface or the universal lithium-ion battery charging adapter charges the universal rechargeable battery, and realizes the general-purpose rechargeable battery structure and discharge performance in accordance with GB/T 8897.2-2013 and IEC 60086-2 technical specifications, which can directly replace the existing general-purpose type.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a positive end of a rechargeable battery after assembly of an R6 rechargeable battery composed of a lithium ion battery;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the negative end of the rechargeable battery after assembly of the R6 rechargeable battery composed of a lithium ion battery;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a positive electrode end of a lithium ion battery of a negative electrode package of a R6 rechargeable battery using a lithium ion battery;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the negative end of a negative-capacity single-cell lithium ion battery of a R6 rechargeable battery using a lithium ion battery;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the internal assembly structure of the outer package housing along the axis after assembly of the R6 rechargeable battery comprising the single-capacitor lithium-ion battery;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic exploded view of the R6 rechargeable battery assembled by using a single-cell lithium-ion battery with a negative-case package;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of one end of a positive electrode end cover of a R6 rechargeable battery equipped with a charge and discharge controller;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the R6 rechargeable battery equipped with a charge and discharge controller for the positive end of the lithium ion battery;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the internal assembly structure of the charging and discharging controller housing, the charging and discharging controller bracket and the positive electrode end cover along the axis after the R6 rechargeable battery is assembled with the charging and discharging controller;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an explosion structure of an R6 rechargeable battery equipped with a charge and discharge controller
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of one end of a positive electrode end cover of a PCB soldering body in a charging and discharging controller of a R6 rechargeable battery;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of the R6 rechargeable battery equipped with a charging and discharging controller in which the positive electrode of the PCB soldering body lithium ion battery is connected;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an explosion structure of a PCB soldering body in a charge and discharge controller of a R6 rechargeable battery;
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a positive end of a rechargeable battery after assembly of a R03 rechargeable battery composed of a lithium ion battery;
  • 15 is a schematic structural view of the negative end of the rechargeable battery after assembly of the R03 rechargeable battery composed of a lithium ion battery;
  • 16 is a schematic view showing the structure of a positive end of a positive electrode package single-cell lithium ion battery of a R03 rechargeable battery using a lithium ion battery;
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic view showing the structure of a negative end of a positive electrode package single-cell lithium ion battery of a R03 rechargeable battery using a lithium ion battery;
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic view showing the internal assembly structure of the outer package housing along the axis after assembly of the R03 rechargeable battery composed of the positive electrode package single-cell lithium ion battery;
  • 19 is a schematic diagram showing an exploded relationship of an assembly relationship of an R03 rechargeable battery constructed by using a single-cell lithium-ion battery with a positive electrode package;
  • 20 is a schematic structural view of one end of a positive electrode end cover of a R03 rechargeable battery equipped with a charge and discharge controller;
  • Figure 21 shows the R03 rechargeable battery with a charge and discharge controller for the lithium ion battery positive terminal. Schematic diagram of the structure
  • 22 is a schematic view showing the internal assembly structure of the charge and discharge controller housing, the charge and discharge controller bracket and the positive electrode end cover along the axis after the R03 rechargeable battery is assembled with the charge and discharge controller;
  • Figure 23 is a schematic view showing the explosion structure of the R03 rechargeable battery equipped with a charge and discharge controller
  • 24 is a schematic structural view of one end of a positive electrode end cover of a PCB soldering body in a charge and discharge controller of a R03 rechargeable battery;
  • 25 is a schematic structural view showing the end of the positive electrode of the PCB soldering body lithium ion battery in the charging and discharging controller of the R03 rechargeable battery;
  • 26 is a schematic diagram of an explosion structure of a PCB soldering body in a charge and discharge controller of a R03 rechargeable battery;
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic structural view of a positive end of a rechargeable battery after assembly of an R1 rechargeable battery composed of a lithium ion battery;
  • FIG. 28 is a schematic structural view of the negative end of the rechargeable battery after assembly of the R1 rechargeable battery composed of a lithium ion battery;
  • 29 is a schematic view showing the structure of a positive end of a negative-capacity single-cell lithium ion battery of a R1 rechargeable battery using a lithium ion battery;
  • FIG. 30 is a schematic view showing the structure of a negative end of a negative-capacity single-cell lithium ion battery of a R1 rechargeable battery using a lithium ion battery;
  • FIG. 31 is a schematic view showing the internal assembly structure of the outer package housing along the axis after assembly of the R1 rechargeable battery comprising the single-capacitor lithium-ion battery;
  • FIG. 32 is a schematic exploded view of the R1 rechargeable battery assembled by using a single-cell lithium-ion battery with a negative-case package.
  • 33 is a schematic structural view of one end of a positive electrode end cover of an R1 rechargeable battery equipped with a charge and discharge controller;
  • Figure 34 is a schematic view showing the structure of the R1 rechargeable battery equipped with a charge and discharge controller for the positive end of the lithium ion battery;
  • 35 is a schematic view showing the internal assembly structure of the charging and discharging controller housing, the charging and discharging controller bracket and the positive electrode end cover along the axis after the R1 rechargeable battery is assembled with the charging and discharging controller;
  • Figure 36 is a schematic view showing the exploded structure of the R1 rechargeable battery equipped with a charge and discharge controller
  • FIG. 37 is a schematic structural view of one end of a positive electrode end cover of a PCB soldering body in a charging and discharging controller of an R1 rechargeable battery;
  • 38 is a schematic structural view showing the end of the positive electrode of the PCB soldering body lithium ion battery in the charging and discharging controller of the R1 rechargeable battery;
  • Figure 39 is a schematic diagram of the explosive structure of the PCB soldering body in the charging and discharging controller of the R1 rechargeable battery.
  • FIG. 40 is a schematic structural view of a positive end of a rechargeable battery after assembly of a R8D425 rechargeable battery composed of a lithium ion battery;
  • 41 is a schematic structural view of the negative end of the rechargeable battery after assembly of the R8D425 rechargeable battery composed of a lithium ion battery;
  • FIG. 42 is a schematic view showing the structure of a positive end of a soft-packaged single-cell lithium ion battery used in a R8D425 rechargeable battery composed of a lithium ion battery;
  • 43 is a schematic view showing the structure of the negative end of a soft-packaged single-cell lithium ion battery used in a R8D425 rechargeable battery composed of a lithium ion battery;
  • 44 is a schematic view showing the internal assembly structure of the outer package housing along the axis after assembly of the R8D425 rechargeable battery composed of a flexible packaged single lithium ion battery;
  • 45 is a schematic exploded view of the R8D425 rechargeable battery assembled by using a flexible packaged single lithium ion battery
  • Figure 46 is a schematic view showing the structure of one end of the positive electrode end cover of the R8D425 rechargeable battery with a charge and discharge controller;
  • 47 is a schematic structural view of the R8D425 rechargeable battery equipped with a charge and discharge controller for the positive end of the lithium ion battery;
  • FIG. 48 is a schematic view showing the internal assembly structure of the charging and discharging controller housing, the charging and discharging controller bracket and the positive electrode end cover along the axis after the R8D425 rechargeable battery is assembled with the charging and discharging controller;
  • 49 is a schematic diagram of an explosion structure of the R8D425 rechargeable battery equipped with a charge and discharge controller
  • FIG. 50 is a structural schematic view showing one end of a positive electrode end cover of a PCB soldering body in a charge and discharge controller of a R8D425 rechargeable battery;
  • Figure 51 is a schematic view showing the structure of the anode of the PCB soldering body lithium ion battery in the R8D425 rechargeable battery with charge and discharge controller;
  • FIG. 52 is a schematic diagram of an explosion structure of a PCB soldering body in a charge and discharge controller of a R8D425 rechargeable battery;
  • Figure 53 is a schematic view showing the charging wiring principle of the R6 rechargeable battery in the present invention.
  • FIG. 54 is a schematic diagram showing the electrical principle of a charge and discharge control circuit for a lithium ion battery constituting a rechargeable battery in a rechargeable battery of the present invention
  • FIG. 55 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of a discharge process voltage curve of a rechargeable battery using a lithium cobaltate (LiCoO 2 ) battery and a lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ) battery and a discharge voltage curve of the rechargeable battery.
  • LiCoO 2 lithium cobaltate
  • LiFePO 4 lithium iron phosphate
  • the invention provides a general-purpose rechargeable battery comprising a lithium ion battery, comprising: an outer package shell, and a charge and discharge controller, a positive pressure crimping piece, a lithium ion battery, and a negative in the outer package housing.
  • An end cap of the charging and discharging controller is provided with a positive electrode end cover exposed to the outer package housing, the positive electrode contact point is a positive electrode of the universal rechargeable battery, and one end of the negative electrode end cover is exposed The negative contact point of the outer package housing, which serves as the negative electrode of the universal type rechargeable battery.
  • the charge and discharge controller 550 ( 750 , 850 , 950 ) includes: a charge and discharge controller housing 551 (751 851, 951), and the charge and discharge control circuit soldering body 560 (760, 860, 960) and the charge and discharge controller bracket 552 (752, which are provided in the charge and discharge controller case 551 (751, 851, 951). 852, 952), insulating gasket 563 (763, 863, 963), the charging and discharging control circuit welding body 560 (760, 860, 960) is welded with a lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit.
  • the structure of the charge and discharge controller 550 satisfies the technical condition of the R6 rechargeable battery
  • the structure of the charge and discharge controller 750 satisfies the technical condition of the R03 rechargeable battery
  • the structure of the charge and discharge controller 850 satisfies R1.
  • the rechargeable battery is equipped with technical conditions
  • the structure of the charge and discharge controller 950 satisfies the technical conditions for the R8D425 rechargeable battery.
  • the charging and discharging controller structure adopts a charging and discharging controller bracket, a charging and discharging control circuit welding body and an insulating gasket in a charging and discharging controller casing, and sealing and sealing the charging and discharging controller casing, and then charging and discharging
  • the controller housing pleat is welded on the copper-clad portion of the V-terminal of the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit of the PCB 2 circuit substrate; the charge and discharge control circuit is soldered to the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit structure:
  • the PCB1 circuit board and the PCB2 circuit board with the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit components are soldered, and the positive electrode end cover is soldered on the PCB1 circuit substrate, and the positive electrode crimping piece is welded. It is formed on the PCB2 circuit substrate;
  • the connecting pin is made of a metal material having high thermal conductivity and high electrical conductivity.
  • the assembly steps of the charge and discharge control circuit soldering body 560 include: Step 1. Soldering lithium ions other than the thermistor Rt on both sides of the PCB1 circuit substrate 571 (771, 871, 971)
  • the battery charge and discharge control circuit components constitute PCB1 solder body 570 (770, 870, 970); step 2, on the PCB 2 circuit board 581 (781, 881, 981) front soldering thermistor Rt constitute PCB2 solder body 580 (780, 880, 980); Step 3, soldering the PCB 570 (770, 870, 970) through the inter-board connection pins 562 (762, 862, 962) Soldering and soldering with PCB2 soldering body 580 (780, 880, 980); Step 4, soldering the positive part of the V+ end of the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit on the PCB1 circuit board 571 (771, 871, 971)
  • the extreme cover 501 (701, 80
  • the assembly step of the charge and discharge controller 550 includes: Step 1. Loading the charge and discharge controller bracket 552 (752, 852, 952) into the charge and discharge controller housing 551 (751, 851, In step 951, the charging and discharging control circuit welding body 560 (760, 860, 960) and the insulating gasket 563 (763, 863, 963) are loaded into the charging and discharging controller bracket 552 (752, 852, 952).
  • Step 3 Rolling and sealing the charge and discharge controller housing 551 (751, 851, 951) with a edger; Step 4, charging and discharging the lithium ion battery of the PCB 2 circuit substrate 581 (781, 881, 981) - the copper portion of the end is soldered to the hem of the charge and discharge controller housing 551 (751, 851, 951) after rolling; step 5, the potting is filled through the injection hole of the PCB 2 circuit board 581 (781, 881, 981), After the encapsulant is cured, the charge and discharge controller 550 (750, 850, 950) is formed.
  • the charge and discharge controller housing 551 (751, 851, 951) becomes the access electrode of the V-terminal of the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit, and the positive electrode end
  • the cover 501 (701, 801, 901) becomes the access electrode of the V+ terminal of the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit
  • the positive electrode crimping piece 561 (761, 861, 961) becomes the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit node Jb+ (as shown in Fig. 54). Show) the access electrode.
  • the charge and discharge controller bracket 552 (752, 852, 952) is made of a light guiding type insulating material for mounting the charging and discharging control circuit welding body 560 (760, 860, 960), and will be used for displaying general purpose.
  • the optical signal from the light-emitting diode D1 of the charging state of the rechargeable battery is conducted to the outside of the universal rechargeable battery to display the state of charge of the universal rechargeable battery.
  • the lithium ion battery is selected from a negative electrode package single-cell lithium ion battery, a positive electrode package single-cell lithium ion battery or a soft package package single-cell lithium ion battery.
  • the step of assembling a universal rechargeable battery using a single-cell lithium ion battery includes: step 1. welding a negative electrode end cap to a negative electrode of a lithium ion battery by using a spot welding machine; and step 2, charging and discharging a controller, a single lithium ion battery, and The negative electrode end cover is inserted into the outer package housing along the axial direction, and is placed in the insulation positioning tool of the edge sealing machine to be pressed and fixed, and the outer package housing is sealed and sealed to complete the universal rechargeable battery assembly; step 3, the assembly is completed.
  • the outer package of the rechargeable battery is covered or coated with insulating and decorative materials to form a general-purpose rechargeable battery.
  • Embodiments employing such an assembly method include: an R6 rechargeable battery comprising a single-cell lithium-ion battery with a negative-case package, The R03 rechargeable battery consisting of a single-cell lithium-ion battery with a positive-case package and the R1 rechargeable battery consisting of a single-cell lithium-ion battery with a negative-case package.
  • the positive electrode end cover, the outer package housing, the negative electrode end cover, the charge and discharge controller housing and the connecting pin are all made of a metal material having high thermal conductivity and high electrical conductivity, and the surface is electrically conductive.
  • Anti-oxidation treatment is formed by prefabricated thin-walled pipe, or by sheet metal forming, or by sheet metal forming; the forming process of the charging and discharging controller shell is formed by prefabricating thin-walled pipe, or Formed by sheet metal or formed by sheet metal.
  • the positive pressure crimping piece is made of a metal material having high elastic recovery rate, high thermal conductivity and high electrical conductivity, and is electrically conductively treated on the surface thereof; the PCB1 circuit substrate and the PCB2 circuit substrate are made of thermal conductivity. Made of a higher insulating material, the heat generated by the lithium-ion battery and components can be transferred to the outer package housing for heat dissipation.
  • the heat dissipation principle of the universal rechargeable battery after assembly is as follows: the heat generated by the power device of the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit is transmitted to the universal through the PCB1 circuit substrate and the PCB2 circuit substrate and the circuit copper-clad heat conduction structure and the charge and discharge controller housing.
  • Type rechargeable battery outer package housing heat dissipation The heat generated by the lithium ion battery is conducted to the universal rechargeable battery through the positive pressure crimping piece, the PCB circuit substrate (PCB1 and PCB2), the circuit copper-clad heat conduction structure, and the charge and discharge controller housing at the positive electrode end of the lithium ion battery.
  • the outer package housing dissipates heat; at the negative end of the lithium ion battery, it is conducted to the outer package of the universal rechargeable battery through the negative end cover to dissipate heat.
  • the charge and discharge control circuit is equipped with a lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit, and the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit comprises: soldering on the circuit substrate and respectively supporting the lithium ion battery, the positive electrode end cover, and the charging
  • the discharge controller housing and the outer package housing and the negative electrode end cover are electrically connected to the lithium ion battery charging control circuit, the lithium ion battery detecting circuit, and the DC-DC buck type voltage stabilizing discharge circuit.
  • the universal rechargeable battery of the present invention is charged by a computer USB interface or a universal lithium ion battery charging adapter.
  • the lithium ion battery detecting circuit detects the connected charging voltage and controls the DC.
  • the -DC buck regulator discharge circuit turns off the regulated output and controls the Li-Ion battery charge control circuit to charge the Li-Ion battery.
  • the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit of the universal rechargeable battery comprising the lithium ion battery of the present invention has a charging state in which the charging power source is connected and a discharging state in which the charging power source is disconnected.
  • the charge and discharge control method of the universal type rechargeable battery includes the following control conditions:
  • the lithium ion battery charging and discharging control circuit After the charging power source is connected to the universal charging battery, the lithium ion battery charging and discharging control circuit detects that the charging power source is in a charging state when it is connected. In the state of charge, the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit turns off the regulated discharge output and turns on the charging of the lithium ion battery.
  • Controlling condition 2 in the state of charge, the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit detects the The output voltage of the lithium ion battery is selected to charge the lithium ion battery by trickle charging, constant current charging or constant voltage charging according to the output voltage state of the lithium ion battery, and the lithium ion battery is charged during charging.
  • the control circuit detects the maximum allowable output current of the charging power source, and charges the lithium ion battery with the maximum allowable output current of the charging power source when the maximum allowable output current of the charging power source is less than the set charging current value.
  • the charging current of the constant voltage charging state drops to the set full state determining current, the charging of the lithium ion battery is stopped.
  • Control condition three when the charging power source is separated from the universal charging battery, the lithium ion battery charging and discharging control circuit detects that the charging power source is detached, and releases excess energy stored by the filter capacitor during charging, so that the universal rechargeable battery is positive or negative. The voltage between the electrodes quickly drops to or below the maximum open circuit voltage and enters the discharge state. In the discharge state, the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit turns off the charging output and turns on the regulated discharge, and regulates the output according to the control condition.
  • Control condition four in the discharge state, the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit detects the output voltage of the lithium ion battery, and reduces the output voltage of the lithium ion battery to the first when the output voltage of the lithium ion battery is higher than the low battery voltage V L Output voltage regulated output; when the output voltage of the lithium ion battery is higher than the discharge cutoff voltage V D but equal to or lower than the low battery voltage V L , the output voltage of the lithium ion battery is lowered to the second output voltage regulated output, and in the lithium output voltage is higher than the ion battery V L + ⁇ V 1, recovering the first output voltage regulated output; voltage V L to the voltage detection circuit supporting the rechargeable battery according to the general type lithium ion battery / capacity characteristics set Lithium-ion battery low battery voltage, ⁇ V 1 is the hysteresis voltage of the lithium-ion battery low-voltage detection threshold set by the voltage detection circuit, and V D is the voltage detection circuit according to the discharge characteristics of the lithium-ion
  • Control condition 5 in the discharge state, the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit detects the output voltage of the lithium ion battery, and turns off the regulated output when the output voltage of the lithium ion battery drops to be equal to or lower than the discharge cutoff voltage V D , and When the output voltage of the lithium ion battery is higher than V D + ⁇ V 2 , the voltage regulation output is restored according to the control condition 4;
  • ⁇ V 2 is the hysteresis voltage of the lithium ion battery discharge cutoff voltage detection threshold set by the voltage detection circuit;
  • the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit detects the temperature of the lithium ion battery, and stops charging the lithium ion battery when the temperature of the lithium ion battery rises to the charging upper limit temperature T CH And when the temperature of the lithium ion battery drops below the charging upper limit temperature minus the difference temperature (ie, T CH - ⁇ T 1 ), the charging is resumed again, and the T CH is the charging technical condition of the lithium ion battery in accordance with the general-purpose rechargeable battery.
  • the set lithium-ion battery charging upper limit temperature, ⁇ T 1 is the hysteresis temperature corresponding to the hysteresis voltage of the T CH detection threshold set by the thermistor Rt voltage detecting circuit;
  • Control condition seven in the discharge process of the universal rechargeable battery, the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit detects the temperature of the lithium ion battery, and stops the steady voltage output when the temperature of the lithium ion battery rises to the discharge upper limit temperature T DH , and When the temperature of the lithium ion battery drops below the discharge upper limit temperature minus the difference temperature (ie, T DH - ⁇ T 2 ), the regulated output is restored again, and T DH is the discharge technical condition of the lithium ion battery according to the general-purpose rechargeable battery.
  • the set lithium-ion battery discharge upper limit temperature, ⁇ T 2 is the hysteresis temperature corresponding to the hysteresis voltage of the T DH detection threshold set by the thermistor Rt voltage detecting circuit.
  • control condition 1 gives the charging power source to the universal rechargeable battery, and the control condition 6 allows the lithium ion battery to be charged, the lithium ion battery is charged according to the control condition 2, and the lithium ion battery is not allowed to be charged when the control condition 6 is not allowed. Stop charging the Li-ion battery;
  • control condition three gives the general-purpose rechargeable battery out of the charging power supply, and the control condition 5 and the control condition 7 both allow the lithium ion battery to discharge the output
  • control condition four the lithium ion battery output power is stepped down and the output is stabilized, when the control is performed.
  • condition five or control condition seven does not allow the lithium ion battery to discharge output, the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit turns off the regulated output.
  • the first output voltage of the general-purpose rechargeable battery of the present invention may be any voltage value of 1.35V to 1.725V, and the second output voltage may be any voltage value of 0.9V to 1.35V, and the maximum open circuit voltage may be It is an arbitrary voltage value of 1.5V to 1.725V; preferably, the first output voltage is 1.5V, the second output voltage is 1.1V, and the maximum open circuit voltage is 1.65V.
  • the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit includes: a lithium ion battery LIB, a monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1, a negative temperature coefficient thermistor Rt, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a third a resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a light emitting diode D1, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, and an inductor L1, wherein the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1, the light emitting diode D1, the third resistor R3, The fourth resistor R4, the first capacitor C1, and the second capacitor C2 constitute a lithium ion battery charging control circuit, and the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1, the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the fifth resistor R5, and the negative temperature coefficient heat
  • the varistor Rt constitutes a lithium ion battery detection circuit
  • the charging current setting pin IBSET of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, and the remaining power release pin DECO of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is connected to one end of the fifth resistor R5,
  • the integrated discharge battery control chip U1 discharge current setting pin IOSET is connected to the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 lithium ion battery access pin BAT or monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control
  • the power supply ground pin GND of the chip U1, the modulation output pin SW of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is connected to one end of the inductor L1;
  • the negative temperature coefficient thermistor Rt is the negative temperature of the LiB temperature sensing of the lithium ion battery
  • the coefficient thermistor, the negative temperature coefficient thermistor Rt is connected to the second resistor R2 at one end and the NTC voltage detecting pin NTC of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 at the voltage dividing point P2,
  • the first resistor R1 is the upper bias of the voltage dividing point P2 a voltage dividing resistor is disposed, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the anode of the lithium ion battery LIB, and the other end is connected to the second resistor R2 and the temperature detecting setting pin DTCS of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 at the node P1;
  • the second resistor R2 is the upper bias voltage dividing resistor of the voltage dividing point P2, and the second resistor R2 is connected to the first resistor R1 and the temperature detecting setting pin DTCS of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 at the node P1, and the other end is connected with the negative temperature coefficient.
  • the NTC voltage detecting pin NTC of the Rt and the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is at a voltage dividing point P2;
  • the third resistor R3 is a current limiting resistor of the light emitting diode D1, and the third resistor R3 is connected to the lithium ion battery at one end for charging and discharging.
  • the V+ end of the control circuit is connected to the anode of the LED D1;
  • the fourth resistor R4 is a charging current setting resistor of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1, and the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 at one end.
  • the charging current setting pin IBSET the other end is connected to the power ground pin GND of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1;
  • the fifth resistor R5 is the charging residual current discharging current limiting resistor of the second capacitor C2, and the fifth resistor R5
  • One end is connected to the residual power release pin DECO of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1, and the other end is connected to the positive pole of the second capacitor C2;
  • the light-emitting diode D1 is a charging working state display illumination of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1
  • the diode, the anode of the light-emitting diode D1 is connected to the other end of the third resistor R3, and the cathode of the light-emitting diode D1 is connected to the charging state output pin LD of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1.
  • the first capacitor C1 is a charging output filter capacitor and a discharge input filtering and compensating capacitor of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1, and the positive electrode of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the lithium ion battery of the integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1.
  • the negative terminal of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the power supply ground pin GND of the rechargeable battery control chip U1; the second capacitor C2 is the charging input filter capacitor and the discharge output of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1.
  • the other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the other end of the inductor L1, the charging power supply access pin Vcc of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1, and the V+ end of the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit, and the second capacitor C2
  • the negative pole is connected to the power supply ground pin GND of the integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1;
  • the inductor L1 is the output filtering and compensation inductance of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1, and the inductor L1 is connected to the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 at one end.
  • the modulation output pin SW is connected to the positive terminal of the second capacitor C2 and the V+ terminal of the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit.
  • the model of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is MGS4520A or MGS4520B or MGS4520C of ShenZhen Migison Electric Co., Ltd., and its main control parameters include an input voltage of 2.25V to 6V.
  • the charging upper limit voltage V H (4.2V for MGS4520A, 3.65V for MGS4520B, 4.35V for MGS4520C), constant current charging current (I CHG ) 500mA, full of determination current I CHG /10, NTC voltage detection threshold is 0.3V LIB , discharge cut-off voltage V D (MGS4520A is 3.0V, MGS4520B is 2.5V, MGS4520C is 3.0V), discharge low battery voltage V L (MGS4520A is 3.4V, MGS4520B is 3.1V, MGS4520C is 3.4V), and the remaining power is released.
  • the threshold is 1.65V
  • the regulated output voltage is 1.5V (1.1V when V LIB ⁇ V L )
  • the maximum regulated output current is 2A (1.0A when I OSET pin is connected to GND).
  • Charge and discharge mode switching control method when the universal rechargeable battery is not connected to the charging power state, the charging power supply access pin Vcc voltage of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is less than 4V, and the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is turned off and charged. Turn on the regulated discharge output, and the general-purpose rechargeable battery enters the steady-state discharge state. After the charging power supply is connected, when the charging power supply access pin Vcc voltage of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is higher than 4V, the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 turns off the regulated discharge output and turns on to charge the lithium ion battery LIB.
  • the universal rechargeable battery enters the charging state until the charging power is turned off, and then the discharge state is restored after the power is turned off.
  • the remaining power discharging pin DECO of the monolithic integrated charging battery control chip U1 is outputted to a low level, and the second capacitor C2 is charged.
  • the excess electric energy charged is discharged by the fifth resistor R5, so that the no-load voltage of the universal rechargeable battery is rapidly reduced to the maximum open circuit voltage, and after the voltage of the second capacitor C2 falls to be equal to or lower than the maximum open circuit voltage, the monolithic piece
  • the charge-receiving pin DECO output of the integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is converted to a high-impedance state.
  • Charging process control method After the charging power source is connected to the universal charging battery, the positive pole of the charging power source is connected with the positive electrode V+ of the universal charging battery, and the negative pole of the charging power source is connected with the negative electrode V- of the universal charging battery, due to the general-purpose rechargeable battery
  • the positive V+ is the V+ end of the charge and discharge control circuit of the lithium ion battery
  • the negative V- of the universal rechargeable battery is the V-end of the charge and discharge control circuit of the lithium ion battery, which is equivalent to connecting the positive electrode of the charging power source to the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery.
  • the charging power input pin Vcc of the control chip U1 and the negative pole of the charging power source are connected to the power ground pin GND of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1.
  • the monolithic integrated charging The battery control chip U1 is turned on to charge the lithium ion battery LIB, and the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 detects the output voltage V LIB of the lithium ion battery LIB through the lithium ion battery access pin BAT, and is charged by the lithium ion battery according to the state of the V LIB .
  • V D stop voltage
  • V LIB ⁇ V D stop voltage
  • a rechargeable battery monolithically integrated control chip U1 LIB lithium ion battery trickle charging the lithium ion battery when the output voltage V LIB LIB lithium ion battery is greater than the discharge cutoff voltage LIB V D but less than the charging upper limit voltage V H of the lithium ion battery LIB (V D ⁇ V LIB ⁇ V H )
  • the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 uses I CHG to charge the lithium ion battery LIB with constant current, when lithium ion
  • the monolithically integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 performs constant voltage charging on the lithium ion battery LIB with the charging
  • the light-emitting diode D1 is powered by the charging power source, and the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 drives the working state of the charging process through the charging state output pin LDD.
  • the maximum charging current of the integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 in the constant current charging state), the lithium ion battery LIB full state determination current of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is I CHG /10.
  • Charging power supply output current adaptation control method monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 through the charging power supply to the pin Vcc, detecting the no-load state output voltage of the charging power supply and the voltage drop amplitude of the linear loading state output voltage, determining the charging power source The maximum allowable output current, when the maximum current allowed by the charging power supply is less than I CHG , the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 charges the lithium ion battery LIB with the maximum current allowed by the charging power source as the current limiting value.
  • the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 In the discharge state of the universal rechargeable battery not connected to the charging power supply, the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 detects the output voltage V LIB of the lithium ion battery LIB through the lithium ion battery access pin BAT. When the output voltage V LIB of the Li-ion battery LIB is higher than the low-voltage voltage (V LIB >V L ), the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 reduces the output voltage of the Li-ion battery LIB to a regulated output of 1.5V.
  • the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 reduces the output voltage of the Li-ion battery LIB to a regulated output of 1.1V.
  • the detection and determination value of the low-voltage voltage V L of the Li-ion battery LIB of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is a multi-point sampling mean, and the sampling frequency is proportional to the output voltage change rate of the Li-ion battery LIB, and the detection threshold is back.
  • the difference voltage is ⁇ V 1 , so after the voltage V LIB after the Li-ion battery LIB is charged is equal to or higher than V L + ⁇ V 1 , the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 resumes the 1.5V regulated output.
  • the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 In the discharge state of the universal rechargeable battery not connected to the charging power supply, the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 detects the output voltage V LIB of the lithium ion battery LIB through the lithium ion battery access pin BAT, in the lithium ion When the output voltage V LIB of the battery LIB is higher than the discharge cutoff voltage (V LIB >V D ), the monolithically integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 turns on the regulated output. When the output voltage V LIB of the lithium ion battery LIB is equal to or lower than the discharge cutoff voltage (V LIB ⁇ V D ), the monolithically integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 turns off the regulated output.
  • the detection and determination of the discharge cutoff voltage V D of the lithium ion battery LIB by the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is a multi-point sampling mean, and the sampling frequency is proportional to the output voltage change rate of the Li-ion battery LIB, and the detection threshold is returned.
  • the difference voltage is ⁇ V 2 , so after the output voltage V LIB of the lithium ion battery LIB is raised to be equal to or higher than V D + ⁇ V 2 , the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 restores the regulated output.
  • the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is provided with an output overload protection circuit capable of setting a current limit value.
  • the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is in accordance with it.
  • the set maximum output current I LIM is the current limit regulated output.
  • the regulated output current limit value of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is set by the discharge level setting pin I OSET of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1, and the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is integrated.
  • the maximum output current I LIM of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is 2A, which is monolithically integrated.
  • the discharge current setting pin I OSET of the rechargeable battery control chip U1 is connected to the power ground pin GND of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1
  • the maximum output current I LIM of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is 1A.
  • the maximum output current I LIM of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is configured to avoid the lithium ion battery LIB super-rate discharge damage when the general-purpose rechargeable battery output is overloaded or short-circuited.
  • the threshold voltage of the NTC voltage detection pin NTC of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is 0.3V LIB .
  • the voltage of the NTC voltage detecting pin NTC of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is higher than 0.3V LIB , and the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 Turn on the Li-ion battery LIB.
  • the voltage of the NTC voltage detecting pin NTC of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is equal to or lower than 0.3V LIB , the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery The control chip U1 is turned off to charge the lithium ion battery LIB.
  • the hysteresis voltage of the NTC voltage detection threshold of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is ⁇ V T , so the operating temperature of the LIB in the lithium ion battery is lowered to the voltage of the NTC voltage detecting pin NTC of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1.
  • the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 resumes charging the lithium ion battery LIB.
  • the threshold voltage of the NTC voltage detection pin NTC of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is 0.3V LIB .
  • the NTC voltage detection pin NTC voltage of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 When the LIB operating temperature of the lithium ion battery is lower than the discharge upper limit temperature T DH , the NTC voltage detection pin NTC voltage of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is higher than 0.3V LIB , and the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 turns on the regulated output. .
  • the NTC voltage detection pin NTC voltage of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is equal to or lower than 0.3V LIB , and the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control Chip U1 turns off the regulated output.
  • the hysteresis voltage of the NTC voltage detection threshold of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is ⁇ V T , so the operating temperature after the lithium ion battery LIB stops discharging is reduced to the NTC voltage detection of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1.
  • the voltage of the foot NTC is equal to or higher than 0.3V LIB + ⁇ V T , the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 restores the regulated output.
  • the R6 rechargeable battery 500, the R03 rechargeable battery 700, the R1 rechargeable battery 800, and the R8D425 rechargeable battery 900 are configured as a general-purpose rechargeable battery structure under the technical specifications of the corresponding structure and the structural technical conditions of the charge and discharge controller.
  • the method and circuit connection method are as follows:
  • R6 rechargeable battery 500 comprising a single-capacitor lithium-ion battery 510 with a negative-case package:
  • the R6 rechargeable battery 500 includes an outer package housing 502 , and a charge and discharge controller 550 and a lithium ion battery 510 and a negative end cover 503 encapsulated in the outer package housing 502 . At the positive end of the R6 rechargeable battery 500, the positive electrode end cap of the outer package housing 502 is exposed.
  • a protruding structure of 501 as a positive electrode of the R6 rechargeable battery 500 between the positive electrode end cover 501 and the outer package housing 502, a light guiding flange structure of a charge and discharge controller bracket 552 made of a light guiding type insulating material,
  • the light-emitting display body is exposed; at the negative end of the R6 rechargeable battery 500, the protruding structure of the negative end cap 503 of the outer package casing 502 is exposed as the negative electrode of the R6 rechargeable battery 500.
  • the R6 rechargeable battery 500 under the structural technical specifications of the R6 battery and the structural and technical conditions of the charge and discharge controller 550, the structural method and circuit connection method of the R6 rechargeable battery 500 using the negative-case package single-cell lithium-ion battery 510 are as follows:
  • the circular outer casing and the bottom end of the single-capacitor lithium-ion battery 510 of the outer casing are the negative electrode 512 of the single-cell lithium ion battery 510, and the other end of the cover is the positive electrode of the single-cell lithium-ion battery 510.
  • the outer casing of the negative-capacity lithium-ion battery 510 is a lithium-ion battery in which the outer casing of the outer casing of the outer casing is a steel outer casing or other conductive material, and the present embodiment is given priority to improve the storage capacity of the universal rechargeable battery.
  • the housing negative-package single-cell lithium-ion battery 510 is packaged with a R14430 steel shell 920mAh high-energy lithium cobalt oxide battery.
  • the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 used in the charging and discharging control circuit of the lithium ion battery of the embodiment adopts the MGS4520C; the main control parameters include: charging input voltage 4V to 6V, charging upper limit voltage (V H ) 4.35V , Maximum charge output current 500mA (I CHG ), full state determination current I CHG /10, discharge low battery voltage 3.4V (V L ), discharge cutoff voltage 3.0V (V D ), maximum regulated output current 2A (single chip
  • the integrated discharge battery control chip U1 discharge current setting pin I OSET is connected to the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 lithium ion battery access pin BAT).
  • the main control parameters of the R6 rechargeable battery of the present embodiment which can be realized on the basis of the present invention include: the charging input voltage is 5V ⁇ 0.7V, and the maximum charging current (I CHG ) is designed to be 370mA (the maximum charging magnification of the lithium ion battery LIB is about 0.4C).
  • Lithium-ion battery LIB charging upper limit temperature T CH is designed to be 45 °C
  • lithium-ion battery LIB discharge upper limit temperature T DH is designed to be 55 ° C
  • regulated output voltage 1.5V low-voltage regulated output voltage 1.1V
  • maximum regulated output current 2A The maximum discharge rate of the lithium ion battery LIB is about 1 C
  • the storage capacity is about 2200 mAh.
  • the lithium ion battery LIB is a negative electrode package single-cell lithium ion battery 510
  • the positive electrode 511 of the single lithium ion battery 510 is a positive electrode of a lithium ion battery LIB
  • the negative electrode 512 of the single-cell lithium ion battery 510 is the negative electrode of the lithium ion battery LIB.
  • the assembly step of assembling the R6 rechargeable battery 500 by using the negative-case package single-cell lithium-ion battery 510 can be directly assembled according to the above assembly steps.
  • the heat dissipation principle after assembly is the same as the above-mentioned heat dissipation principle, and details are not described herein again.
  • the assembly steps of the charge and discharge controller 550 for the R6 rechargeable battery 500 can be directly assembled according to the above assembly steps, and no longer ⁇
  • the circuit connections after assembly are as follows:
  • the circuit connection relationship of the assembled R6 rechargeable battery 500 using the negative-case package single-cell lithium-ion battery 510 includes: welding the positive electrode end cap 501 of V+ in FIG. 54 as the R6 rechargeable battery.
  • circuit connection is equal to the negative electrode 512 of the single-cell lithium-ion battery 510 passing through the negative electrode end cover 503, the rechargeable battery outer package housing 502, and the charge and discharge controller housing 551 to access V- in FIG. 54, so that the negative electrode end cover 503 becomes The discharge output of the R6 rechargeable battery 500 and the negative electrode of the charge input.
  • R03 rechargeable battery 700 consisting of a single-cell lithium-ion battery 720 with a positive electrode package:
  • the R03 rechargeable battery 700 under the R03 battery structure technical specification and the charging and discharging controller 750 structural technical conditions, the structural method and circuit connection method of the R03 rechargeable battery 700 using the positive electrode package single-cell lithium ion battery 720 are as follows:
  • the R03 rechargeable battery 700 includes an outer package housing 702, a charge and discharge controller 750 packaged in the outer package housing 702, and a positive electrode package unit lithium ion battery 720 and a negative end cover 703. .
  • the protruding structure of the positive electrode end cover 701 of the outer package housing 702 is exposed as the positive electrode of the R03 rechargeable battery 700 between the positive electrode end cover 701 and the outer package housing 702.
  • the light guiding flange structure of the charge and discharge controller holder 752 made of the light guiding type insulating material serves as a charging operation state of the R03 rechargeable battery 700.
  • the protruding structure of the negative electrode end cap 703 of the outer package housing 702 is exposed as the negative electrode of the R03 rechargeable battery 700.
  • the circular outer casing and the bottom end of the positive electrode package single-cell lithium ion battery 720 are the positive electrode 721 of the lithium ion battery 720, and the other end of the cover is the negative electrode 722 of the lithium ion battery 720, in the lithium ion.
  • the circular outer casing of the battery 720 is thermoplastically coated with a plastic insulating film 723.
  • the thermoplastic insulating film 723 covers the casing and exposes only the bottom portion of the outer casing portion as the positive electrode 721 of the lithium ion battery 720 at the bottom end;
  • the single-cell lithium ion battery 720 is a lithium ion battery in which an outer casing of an outer casing made of an aluminum outer casing or other electrically conductive outer casing is a positive electrode.
  • the lithium ion battery 720 is packaged with a 300 mAh nickel-cobalt-manganese-manganese battery in an R10380 aluminum case.
  • the monolithic integrated charging battery control chip U1 used in the charging and discharging control circuit of the lithium ion battery of the embodiment adopts the MGS4520A; the main control parameters include: charging input voltage 4V to 6V, charging upper limit voltage (V H ) 4.2V. , Maximum charge output current 500mA (I CHG ), full state determination current I CHG /10, discharge low battery voltage 3.4V (V L ), discharge cutoff voltage 3.0V (V D ), maximum regulated output current 1A (single chip
  • the discharge current setting pin I OSET of the integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is connected to the power supply ground pin GND of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1.
  • the main control parameters of the R03 rechargeable battery in this embodiment can be realized, the charging input voltage is 5V ⁇ 0.7V, and the maximum charging current (I CHG ) is designed to be 150mA (the maximum charging rate of the lithium ion battery LIB is about 0.5C).
  • Lithium-ion battery LIB charging upper limit temperature T CH is designed to 45 °C
  • lithium-ion battery LIB discharge upper limit temperature T DH is designed to 55 ° C
  • regulated output voltage 1.5V low-voltage regulated output voltage 1.1V
  • maximum regulated output current 1A The maximum discharge rate of the lithium ion battery LIB is about 1.5 C
  • the storage capacity is about 700 mAh.
  • the lithium ion battery LIB is a positive electrode package single-cell lithium ion battery 720
  • the positive electrode 721 of the positive electrode package single-cell lithium ion battery 720 is a positive electrode of a lithium ion battery LIB
  • the negative electrode 722 of the packaged single-cell lithium ion battery 720 is the negative electrode of the lithium ion battery LIB.
  • the assembling step of assembling the R03 rechargeable battery 700 by using the positive electrode package single-cell lithium ion battery 720 can be directly assembled according to the above assembly steps.
  • the heat dissipation principle after assembly is the same as the above heat dissipation principle, and details are not described herein again.
  • the assembly steps of the charge and discharge controller 750 for the R03 rechargeable battery 700 can be directly assembled according to the above assembly steps, and the circuit connection relationship after assembly is not described herein. as follows:
  • the R03 rechargeable battery 700 assembled by the single-element package lithium-ion battery 720 is assembled, and the assembled circuit relationship includes: the positive electrode end cover 701 soldered in FIG. 54 is charged as R03. The discharge output of the battery 700 and the positive electrode of the charging input; the positive electrode 721 of the lithium ion battery 720 is elastically crimped to the positive electrode crimping piece 761 soldered to the node Jb+ in FIG. 54, and the circuit connection is equivalent to the positive electrode 721 of the lithium ion battery 720 passing through the positive electrode.
  • the crimping tab 761 is connected to the node Jb+ in FIG.
  • the 703 is pressed to establish a circuit connection.
  • the circuit connection is equivalent to the negative electrode 722 of the lithium ion battery 720.
  • the negative electrode end cover 703, the outer package housing 702, and the charge and discharge controller housing 751 are connected to V- in FIG. 703 becomes the negative electrode of the discharge output and the charge input of the R03 rechargeable battery 700.
  • R1 rechargeable battery 800 consisting of a single-cell lithium-ion battery 810 with a negative-case package:
  • the R1 rechargeable battery 800 in the R1 battery structure technical specification and charge and discharge controller Under the structural conditions of the 850, the structural method and circuit connection method for forming the R1 rechargeable battery 800 by using the negative-case package single-cell lithium-ion battery 810 are as follows:
  • the R1 rechargeable battery 800 includes an outer package housing 802, a charge and discharge controller 850 packaged in the outer package housing 802, and a negative electrode package unit lithium ion battery 810 and a negative end cover 803. .
  • the protruding structure of the positive electrode end cover 801 of the outer package housing 802 is exposed as the positive electrode of the R1 rechargeable battery 800 between the positive electrode end cover 801 and the outer package housing 802.
  • the light guide flange structure of the charge and discharge controller holder 852 made of the light guide type insulating material serves as a light-emitting display body of the charging operation state of the R1 rechargeable battery 800.
  • the protruding structure of the negative electrode end cap 803 of the outer package housing 802 is exposed as the negative electrode of the R1 rechargeable battery 800.
  • the outer casing of the negative electrode package single-cell lithium ion battery 810 and the bottom end of the lithium ion battery 810 are the negative electrode 812 of the lithium ion battery 810, and the other end of the cover is the positive electrode 811 of the lithium ion battery 810;
  • the single-cell lithium-ion battery 810 is a lithium-ion battery in which the outer casing of the outer casing of the outer casing of the conductive outer casing is a negative electrode, and the present embodiment is prioritized to improve the cycle life and safety of the universal rechargeable battery.
  • the lithium ion battery 810 is packaged with a 160 mAh lithium iron phosphate battery in a R11250 steel case.
  • the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 used in the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit of the present embodiment adopts MGS4520B; the main control parameters include: charging input voltage 4V to 6V, charging upper limit voltage (V H ) 3.65V , Maximum charge output current 500mA (I CHG ), full state determination current I CHG /10, discharge low battery voltage 3.1V (V L ), discharge cutoff voltage 2.5V (V D ), maximum regulated output current 1A (single chip
  • the discharge current setting pin I OSET of the integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is connected to the power supply ground pin GND of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1.
  • the main control parameters of the R1 rechargeable battery of the present embodiment which can be realized on the basis of the present invention include: the charging input voltage is 5V ⁇ 0.7V, and the maximum charging current (I CHG ) is designed to be 80mA (the maximum charging magnification of the lithium ion battery LIB is about 0.5C).
  • Lithium-ion battery LIB charging upper limit temperature T CH is designed to be 50 °C
  • lithium-ion battery LIB discharge upper limit temperature T DH is designed to be 60 ° C
  • regulated output voltage 1.5V low-voltage regulated output voltage 1.1V
  • maximum regulated output current 1A The maximum discharge rate of the lithium ion battery LIB is about 3.2 C
  • the storage capacity is about 340 mAh.
  • the lithium ion battery LIB is composed of a case negative electrode package unit lithium ion battery 810, a positive electrode 811 of the lithium ion battery 810 is a positive electrode of the lithium ion battery LIB, and a negative electrode 812 of the lithium ion battery 810. It is the negative electrode of the lithium ion battery LIB.
  • the assembly step of assembling the R1 rechargeable battery 800 and the heat dissipation principle after assembly using the negative-case package single-cell lithium-ion battery 810 of the outer casing are all assembled with the R6 rechargeable battery 500 using the negative-case package single-cell lithium-ion battery 510, and the heat dissipation after assembly. The principle is the same and will not be described here.
  • the assembly steps of the charge and discharge controller 850 for the R1 rechargeable battery 800 can be directly assembled according to the above assembly steps, and the circuit connection relationship after assembly is not described herein. as follows:
  • the R1 rechargeable battery 800 assembled by the single-capacitor negative-package single-cell lithium-ion battery 810 has a circuit connection relationship including: the positive electrode end cap 801 of V+ soldered in FIG. 54 is charged as R1.
  • the discharge output of the battery 800 and the positive electrode of the charging input; the positive electrode 811 of the lithium ion battery 810 is elastically crimped to the positive electrode crimping piece 861 welded to the node Jb+ in FIG. 54, and the circuit connection is equivalent to the positive electrode 811 of the lithium ion battery 810 passing through the positive electrode.
  • the crimping piece 861 is connected to the node Jb+ in FIG.
  • the charging/discharging controller housing 851 welded to V- in FIG. 54 and the negative electrode end cover 803 welded to the negative electrode 812 of the lithium ion battery 810 are pressed.
  • the circuit connection is established, and the circuit connection is equivalent to the negative electrode 812 of the lithium ion battery 810 being connected to the V- in FIG. 54 through the negative electrode end cover 803, the outer package housing 802, and the charge and discharge controller housing 851, so that the negative electrode end cover 803 becomes R1 charges the discharge output of the battery 800 and the negative electrode of the charge input.
  • R8D425 rechargeable battery 900 consisting of a flexible packaged single lithium ion battery 930:
  • the R8D425 rechargeable battery 900 under the R8D425 battery structure technical specification and the charging and discharging controller 950 structural technical conditions, the structural method and circuit connection method for forming the R8D425 rechargeable battery 900 by using the soft package encapsulating single lithium ion battery 930 are as follows:
  • the R8D425 rechargeable battery 900 includes an outer package housing 902, a charge and discharge controller 950 packaged in the outer package housing 902, and a soft package encapsulating unit lithium ion battery 930 and a negative end cover 903. .
  • the protruding structure of the positive electrode end cover 901 of the outer package housing 902 is exposed as the positive electrode of the R8D425 rechargeable battery 900 between the positive electrode end cover 901 and the outer package housing 902.
  • the light guide flange structure of the charge and discharge controller holder 952 made of the light guide type insulating material serves as a charging operation state light-emitting display body of the R8D425 rechargeable battery 900.
  • the protruding structure of the negative electrode end cover 903 of the outer package housing 902 is exposed as the negative electrode of the R8D425 rechargeable battery 900.
  • one end of the soft pack encapsulating single-cell lithium ion battery 930 is the positive electrode 931 of the lithium ion battery 930, and the other end is the negative electrode 932 of the lithium ion battery 930; the soft package encapsulating monomer lithium ion battery 930 is adopted.
  • the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 used in the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit of the present embodiment adopts the MGS4520A; the main control parameters include: charging input voltage 4V to 6V, charging upper limit voltage (V H ) 4.2V. , Maximum charge output current 500mA (I CHG ), full state determination current I CHG /10, discharge low battery voltage 3.4V (V L ), discharge cutoff voltage 3.0V (V D ), maximum regulated output current 1A (single chip
  • the discharge current setting pin I OSET of the integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1 is connected to the power supply ground pin GND of the monolithic integrated rechargeable battery control chip U1.
  • the main control parameters of the R8D425 rechargeable battery in this embodiment can be realized, the charging input voltage is 5V ⁇ 0.7V, and the maximum charging current (I CHG ) is designed to be 100mA (the maximum charging magnification of the lithium ion battery LIB is about 0.5C).
  • Lithium-ion battery LIB charging upper limit temperature T CH is designed to 45 °C
  • lithium-ion battery LIB discharge upper limit temperature T DH is designed to 55 ° C
  • regulated output voltage 1.5V low-voltage regulated output voltage 1.1V
  • maximum regulated output current 1A Lithium-ion battery LIB has a maximum discharge rate of about 2.2 C
  • the lithium ion battery LIB is composed of a soft packaged single lithium ion battery 930, the positive electrode 931 of the lithium ion battery 930 is the positive electrode of the lithium ion battery LIB, and the negative electrode 932 of the lithium ion battery 930 is lithium.
  • the negative electrode of the ion battery LIB is composed of a soft packaged single lithium ion battery 930, the positive electrode 931 of the lithium ion battery 930 is the positive electrode of the lithium ion battery LIB, and the negative electrode 932 of the lithium ion battery 930 is lithium.
  • the negative electrode of the ion battery LIB is composed of a soft packaged single lithium ion battery 930, the positive electrode 931 of the lithium ion battery 930 is the positive electrode of the lithium ion battery LIB, and the negative electrode 932 of the lithium ion battery 930 is lithium.
  • the negative electrode of the ion battery LIB is composed of a soft packaged single lithium ion battery 930, the positive electrode 931
  • the assembly step of assembling the R8D425 rechargeable battery 900 by using the soft package encapsulating monomer lithium ion battery 930 includes: Step 1, placing the lithium ion battery 930 into the insulating tab bending forming tool, and bending the positive electrode tab 931 and the negative electrode tab 932 Forming; step 2, pushing the tab slot opening of the positive insulating positioning bracket 935 into the positively bent positive tab 931, and inserting the positive tab 931 into the tab slot of the positive insulating positioning bracket 935; The tab slot opening of the negative pole insulating positioning bracket 936 pushes the positively bent negative pole tab 932, so that the negative pole tab 932 is embedded in the tab slot of the negative insulating positioning bracket 936; and step 4, the negative electrode end is used by the spot welder
  • the cover 903 is soldered to the negative pole 932 of the lithium ion battery 930; in step 5, the charge and discharge controller 950, the lithium ion battery 930 and the negative electrode end cover 903 are sequentially loaded into the outer
  • the assembly steps of the charge and discharge controller 950 for the R8D425 rechargeable battery 900 can be directly assembled according to the above assembly steps, and the circuit connection relationship after assembly is omitted here. as follows:
  • the assembled circuit of the R8D425 rechargeable battery 900 is assembled by using a soft package.
  • the circuit connection relationship of the assembled R8D425 rechargeable battery 900 includes: welding the positive electrode end cover 901 of V+ in FIG. 54 as the R8D425 rechargeable battery 900. Positive output of the discharge output and charge input
  • the anode 931 of the lithium ion battery 930 is elastically crimped to the positive pressure tab 961 soldered to the node Jb+ in FIG. 54, and the circuit connection is equivalent to the anode 931 of the lithium ion battery 930 is connected to the node Jb+ in FIG. 54;
  • the negative electrode end cover 903 soldered to the negative electrode 932 of the lithium ion battery 930 are connected to each other to establish a circuit connection.
  • the circuit connection is equivalent to the negative electrode 932 of the lithium ion battery 930.
  • the negative electrode end cap 903, the outer package housing 902, and the charge and discharge controller housing 951 are connected to V- in FIG. 54, so that the negative electrode end cap 903 becomes the negative electrode of the discharge output and the charging input of the R8D425 rechargeable battery 900.
  • the present invention uses a universal rechargeable battery composed of a lithium ion battery, and uses a computer USB interface or a universal lithium ion battery charging adapter as a charging power source to charge the universal rechargeable battery.
  • the charging device circuit of the single-cell rechargeable battery is the simplest structure with two electrodes and two wires, one of which connects the positive pole of the charging power source to the positive electrode of the universal rechargeable battery, and the other connects the negative pole of the charging power source. Connect to the negative electrode of the universal rechargeable battery.
  • the charging circuit of the R03, R1, and R8D425 rechargeable batteries has the same wiring principle as the R6 rechargeable battery; the universal rechargeable battery of the present invention can be directly connected in parallel (including different models), but the maximum output current of the charging power source is less than that after the parallel connection.
  • the sum of the maximum charging currents of all general-purpose rechargeable batteries requires a longer charging time.
  • FIG. 55 is a schematic diagram of a comparison of a lithium ion battery output voltage curve and a general-purpose rechargeable battery output voltage curve in a general-purpose rechargeable battery discharge process using a lithium ion battery.
  • LC is the output voltage curve of the lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO 2 ) battery used in the general-purpose rechargeable battery
  • LF is the output voltage of the lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ) battery used in the general-purpose rechargeable battery.
  • Curve, LE is the output voltage curve of the general-purpose rechargeable battery discharge process; the correspondence between the output voltage of the lithium-ion battery and the output voltage of the general-purpose rechargeable battery after the general-purpose rechargeable battery is fully charged is: the output voltage of the lithium-ion battery is V LIB >V L interval, the general-purpose rechargeable battery output voltage is 1.5V; in the lithium-ion battery output voltage is VL ⁇ V LIB >V D range, the general-purpose rechargeable battery output voltage is 1.1V; when the lithium-ion battery output voltage V LIB ⁇ At V D , the universal rechargeable battery turns off the output.
  • the discharge curve of the lithium ion battery is shown in the figure, which is a schematic diagram of the ambient temperature of about 25 ° C and the discharge rate of about 0.4 C. Under different ambient temperature and discharge rate conditions, the output voltage v of the lithium ion battery and the time t The functional relationship will be different from the one shown in Figure 55.
  • the lithium ion battery composed of different positive electrode system, negative electrode system, electrolyte solution and battery structure, the discharge curve, the terminal voltage V H at the completion of charging, the discharge cutoff voltage V D and the like are different from those indicated in FIG. 55.
  • the universal rechargeable battery comprising the lithium ion battery of the invention has a regulated output of 1.5V and a regulated output of 1.1V when the lithium ion battery is low, and can be used with a computer USB interface or a universal lithium ion battery charging adapter. It is charged, its shape structure and discharge performance meet the technical specifications of GB/T 8897.2-2013 and IEC 60086-2, which can directly replace the existing general-purpose primary battery and nickel-hydrogen rechargeable battery, with high performance, its charge and discharge control The structure and assembly process are simple, which is conducive to automated mass production assembly.
  • the charge and discharge controller housing is used as the electrode structure of the lithium ion battery negative electrode to connect to the lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit, which saves a large space for the charge and discharge controller.
  • the utility model eliminates the moving parts which hinder the sealing of the charging and discharging controller, realizes the waterproof sealing of the charging and discharging controller, prevents the circuit failure after the moisture and the water immersion, and at the same time, improves the storage capacity of the universal rechargeable battery and reduces the production cost, and
  • the charge and discharge controller is provided with a lithium ion battery charge and discharge control circuit to realize the charging and discharging of the lithium ion battery.
  • the control and protection of the process improves the cycle life and safety of the lithium ion battery; the control method of the universal rechargeable battery using the lithium ion battery of the present invention passes the technical conditions of charging and discharging required for the lithium ion battery.
  • the lithium-ion battery charge and discharge control circuit is set to control and protect the charging and discharging process of the lithium ion battery, and realize the charging mode, charging rate, over-charging, over-discharging, discharging rate and charging of the charging and discharging process of the lithium ion battery.
  • the interface or general-purpose lithium-ion battery charging adapter charges the universal rechargeable battery, which realizes the general-purpose rechargeable battery structure and discharge performance in accordance with GB/T 8897.2-2013 and IEC 60086-2 technical specifications, and can directly replace the existing universal type once.
  • the output voltage is constant during recharging, discharging and discharging Compared with the existing general-purpose primary battery, it is superior to the existing nickel-hydrogen rechargeable battery in terms of nominal output voltage of 1.5V, constant output voltage during discharge, short charging time, no memory effect and long cycle life. , comprehensively improve the performance of the universal rechargeable battery.

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Abstract

一种采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池及其控制方法，该充电电池包括：外封装壳体，以及该外封装壳体内依次压合组装的充放电控制器、正极压接片、锂离子电池、及负极端盖；所述充放电控制器包括：充放电控制器壳体，以及设于充放电控制器壳体内的充放电控制电路焊装体、绝缘垫片、充放电控制器支架，所述充放电控制电路焊装体焊装有锂离子电池充放电控制电路，该锂离子电池充放电控制电路包括：焊装在电路基板上且分别与锂离子电池、正极端盖、及通过充放电控制器壳体和外封装壳体与负极端盖电性连接的锂离子电池充电控制电路、锂离子电池检测电路、及DC-DC降压型稳压放电电路。

Description

采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池及控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及二次电池或电子电源技术领域，尤其涉及一种采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池及控制方法。
背景技术
锂离子二次电池(以下简称为锂离子电池)具有比能量大、可快速充放电、循环寿命长、自放电小、无公害、无记忆效应等优点，是目前替代通用型一次电池和镍氢充电电池较理想的二次电池。但现有的锂离子电池的输出电压较高，其输出电压随采用正极体系不同而有所差异，目前已商品化的锂离子电池，其标称电压为3.2V～3.8V，且随着锂离子电池技术的发展，锂离子电池的标称电压还会提高，显然锂离子电池不能直接用来替代标称电压为1.5V的通用型电池和标称电压为1.2V的镍氢充电电池。
锂离子电池虽然具有较好的充放电性能，但存在着过充电和过放电耐受性能差、充电过热及放电过热耐受性能差等问题，若控制失当轻则造成锂离子电池快速老化和损坏，重则会产生燃烧甚至爆炸，因而必须严格按照锂离子电池的充放电技术条件控制其充放电工作。
目前已成熟的锂离子电池结构封装工艺主要有四种类型：其一，采取负极集流体与外壳体连接构成的外壳负极封装锂离子电池(通常采用钢质外壳封装)；其二，采取正极集流体与外壳体连接构成的外壳正极封装锂离子电池(通常采用铝质外壳封装)；其三，采用软包封装的外壳准绝缘封装锂离子电池(通常采用铝塑复合膜材料封装)；其四，外壳体采用绝缘封装材料构成的外壳绝缘封装锂离子电池(通常采用聚丙烯及聚乙烯外壳封装)。
由于通用型一次电池和镍氢充电电池的应用历史较长且已标准化，在许多通用电池应用领域，已形成了以电池输出电压检测其低电量的方法，例如：数码相机、MP3、MP4、电子智能锁具、电子仪器仪表等电子装置，均采用检测电池实时输出电压的方法来实现对电池低电量状态的判定。
另，目前个人计算机、平板电脑和手机等产品的普及程度已很高，充电电池采用计算机USB接口、通用型锂离子电池充电适配器作为充电电源，既可降低购置成本又可节约社会资源。
针对上述问题，中国专利局公开了一篇专利申请号为201110219892.0(采用锂离子电池构成的充电电池及控制方法)的专利申请，该申请采取将锂离子电池与放电控制电路封装为一体，构成的通用型充电电池。其存在下列几方面的功能及性能不足问题：
第一、充电电池内部不具有锂离子电池充电控制及充电过热保护
由于充电电池内部未设置锂离子电池充电控制及过热保护电路，因而在充电时必需采取接入二极管来隔离充电及放电电路，并采用带有锂离子电池充电控制电路和温度传感电路的专用外置充电装置进行充电。因而存在下列技术性能缺陷，其一：充电时二极管的正向导通压降会随工作电流和温度的不同而变化，降低了充电控制电路对锂离子电池的检测和充电控制精度，在二极管正向导通压降较高时会产生锂离子电池不能充满的问题，在二极管正向导通压降较低时易产生锂离子电池过充电问题，降低了锂离子电池的充电性能和安全性；其二：由于充电回路接入了隔离二极管，因而抬升了充电电池的充电输入电压，由于现有钴锂体系锂离子电池的充电上限电压已达4.35V且未来还会提高，若采用标称电压为5V±0.25V的现有通用型锂离子电池充电适配器或计算机USB接口给充电电池充电，即使采用正向导通压降较低的肖特基器件，在充电输入电压下限和隔离二极管导通压降上限状态下，仍存在锂离子电池不能完全充满的问题，虽然可以在外置充电装置内采用升压电路解决此问题，但会造成充电装置成本上升、效率及可靠性降低等问题；其三：外置温度传感电路只能通过充电电池的外封装壳体或电极间接检测锂离子电池的温度，降低了锂离子电池充电温度检测精度，使充电电池存在锂离子电池充电过热而降低循环寿命和安全性的问题。
第二、充电电池不具有锂离子电池放电过热保护
在充电电池内部未装置锂离子电池温度传感及控制电路，使得充电电池不具有锂离子电池放电过程的过热保护功能，从而使充电电池在高温环境下高倍率放电时，存在锂离子电池温度超过上限工作温度的风险，因而存在降低锂离子电池循环寿命和安全性的问题。
第三、充放电控制器结构及装配工艺复杂
充放电控制器的负电极与充电电池封装壳体间的电路连接，采用了径向弹性压紧连接结构设计，在充电电池装配时，必须将弹性负电极径向下压到位后，才能将充放电控制器推入充电电池的封装壳体内。此外，弹性负电极为活动部件，其结构占用了较大的充放电控制器内部空间，并使充放电控制器难以实现密封。造成充放电控制器体积较大、制装工艺复杂且 难度较高、不利于自动化量产装配、不能实现防水密封，因而存在充电电池的蓄电容量较低、生产成本较高、受潮及浸水后易产生电路失效的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池，其稳压输出1.5V和在锂离子电池低电量时稳压输出1.1V，可用计算机USB接口或通用型锂离子电池充电适配器给其充电，其稳压输出1.5V和在锂离子电池低电量时稳压输出1.1V，可用计算机USB接口或通用型锂离子电池充电适配器给其充电，其形体结构和放电性能符合GB/T 8897.2-2013和IEC 60086-2技术规范，能够直接替代现有通用型一次电池和镍氢充电电池，具有较高的性能，其充放电控制器结构及装配工艺简单，有利于自动化量产装配，利用控制器壳体作为锂离子电池负极接入锂离子电池充放电控制电路的电极结构，节省了较大的充放电控制器内部空间，消除了阻碍充放电控制器密封的活动部件，可实现充放电控制器的防水密封，防止受潮及浸水后电路失效问题，同时有利于提高通用型充电电池的蓄电容量，降低生产成本；且充放电控制器内设有锂离子电池充放电控制电路，实现了锂离子电池的充电及放电过程的管控和保护，提高了锂离子电池的循环寿命和安全性。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池的控制方法，按照锂离子电池所需的充电及放电工作技术条件，通过设置锂离子电池充放电控制电路，对锂离子电池的充电及放电过程进行管控和保护，实现了对锂离子电池的过充电保护、过放电保护、充放电倍率保护及充放电过热保护，提高了锂离子电池的循环寿命和安全性，实现了通用型充电电池稳压输出1.5V和在锂离子电池低电量时稳压输出1.1V，实现了可用计算机USB接口或通用型锂离子电池充电适配器给通用型充电电池充电，实现了通用型充电电池形体结构和放电性能符合GB/T 8897.2-2013和IEC 60086-2技术规范，使该采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池能够直接替代现有通用型一次电池和镍氢充电电池，全面提高通用型充电电池的性能。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池，包括：外封装壳体，以及该外封装壳体内依次压合组装的充放电控制器、正极压接片、锂离子电池、及负极端盖；所述充放电控制器包括：充放电控制器壳体，以及设于充放电控制器壳体内的充放电控制电路焊装 体、绝缘垫片、充放电控制器支架，所述充放电控制电路焊装体焊装有锂离子电池充放电控制电路，该锂离子电池充放电控制电路包括：焊装在电路基板上且分别与锂离子电池、正极端盖、及通过充放电控制器壳体和外封装壳体与负极端盖电性连接的锂离子电池充电控制电路、锂离子电池检测电路、及DC-DC降压型稳压放电电路。
本发明还提供一种采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池的控制方法，
采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池包括：外封装壳体，以及该外封装壳体内依次压合组装的充放电控制器、正极压接片、锂离子电池、及负极端盖；所述充放电控制器包括：充放电控制器壳体，以及设于充放电控制器壳体内的充放电控制电路焊装体、绝缘垫片、充放电控制器支架；所述充放电控制电路焊装体焊装有锂离子电池充放电控制电路，该锂离子电池充放电控制电路包括：焊装在电路基板上且分别与锂离子电池、正极端盖、及通过充放电控制器壳体和外封装壳体与负极端盖电性连接的锂离子电池充电控制电路、锂离子电池检测电路、及DC-DC降压型稳压放电电路；
所述通用型充电电池的充电和放电控制方法包括以下控制条件：
控制条件一，当充电电源接入通用型充电电池后，所述锂离子电池充放电控制电路检测到接入的充电电压时进入充电状态，在充电状态所述锂离子电池充放电控制电路关闭稳压放电输出并开启对锂离子电池进行充电；
控制条件二，在充电状态，所述锂离子电池充放电控制电路检测所述锂离子电池的输出电压，并根据所述锂离子电池的输出电压状态选择以涓流充电、恒流充电或恒压充电方式对锂离子电池进行充电，在充电过程中，所述锂离子电池充电控制电路检测充电电源的最大允许输出电流，在充电电源最大允许输出电流小于设定的充电电流值时，以充电电源的最大允许输出电流对锂离子电池进行充电，当恒压充电状态的充电电流降为设定的充满态判定电流时，停止对锂离子电池的充电；
控制条件三，当充电电源脱离通用型充电电池时，所述锂离子电池充放电控制电路检测到充电电源脱离，将充电过程中滤波电容存储的多余电能释放掉，使通用型充电电池的正负电极间电压快速降至等于或低于最大开路电压并进入放电状态，在放电状态，锂离子电池充放电控制电路关闭充电输出并开启稳压放电，并按控制条件四稳压放电输出；
控制条件四，在放电状态，所述锂离子电池充放电控制电路检测锂离 子电池的输出电压，在锂离子电池输出电压高于低电量电压VL时，将锂离子电池输出电压降为第一输出电压稳压输出；在锂离子电池输出电压高于放电截止电压VD但等于或低于低电量电压VL时，将锂离子电池输出电压降为第二输出电压稳压输出，并在锂离子电池充电后的输出电压高于VL+△V1时，恢复第一输出电压稳压输出；VL为设定的锂离子电池低电量电压，△V1为设定的锂离子电池低电量电压检测门限的回差电压，VD为设定的锂离子电池放电截止电压；
控制条件五，在放电状态，所述锂离子电池充放电控制电路检测锂离子电池的输出电压，在锂离子电池输出电压降至等于或低于放电截止电压VD时关闭稳压输出，并在锂离子电池充电后的输出电压高于VD+△V2时，按控制条件四恢复稳压输出；△V2为设定的锂离子电池放电截止电压检测门限的回差电压；
控制条件六，在对通用型充电电池充电过程中，所述锂离子电池充放电控制电路检测锂离子电池的温度，在锂离子电池的温度上升至充电上限温度TCH时停止对锂离子电池充电，并在锂离子电池的温度下降至低于TCH-△T1时再次恢复充电，TCH为设定的锂离子电池充电上限温度，△T1为设定的TCH检测门限的回差电压对应的回差温度；
控制条件七，在通用型充电电池放电过程中，所述锂离子电池充放电控制电路检测锂离子电池的温度，在锂离子电池的温度上升至放电上限温度TDH时停止稳压输出，并在锂离子电池的温度下降至低于TDH-△T2时再次恢复稳压输出，TDH为设定的锂离子电池放电上限温度，△T2为设定的TDH检测门限的回差电压对应的回差温度；
当控制条件一给出充电电源接入通用型充电电池，且控制条件六允许对锂离子电池充电时，按照控制条件二对锂离子电池进行充电，当控制条件六不允许对锂离子电池进行充电时，停止对锂离子电池充电；
当控制条件三给出通用型充电电池脱离充电电源，且控制条件五和控制条件七均允许锂离子电池放电输出时，按照控制条件四将锂离子电池输出电能降压并稳压输出，当控制条件五或控制条件七其中之一不允许锂离子电池放电输出时关闭稳压输出。
本发明的有益效果：本发明的采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池，稳压输出1.5V和在锂离子电池低电量时稳压输出1.1V，可用计算机USB接口或通用型锂离子电池充电适配器给其充电，其形体结构和放电性能符合GB/T 8897.2-2013和IEC 60086-2技术规范，能够直接替代现有通用型一次电池和镍氢充电电池，其充放电控制器结构及装配工艺简单，有 利于自动化量产装配，利用充放电控制器壳体作为锂离子电池负极接入锂离子电池充放电控制电路的电极结构，节省了较大的充放电控制器内部空间，消除了阻碍充放电控制器密封的活动部件，可实现充放电控制器的防水密封，防止受潮及浸水后电路失效问题，同时有利于提高通用型充电电池的蓄电容量，降低生产成本，且充放电控制器内设有锂离子电池充放电控制电路，实现了锂离子电池的充电及放电过程的管控和保护，提高了锂离子电池的循环寿命和安全性；本发明的采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池的控制方法，按照锂离子电池所需的充电及放电工作技术条件，通过设置锂离子电池充放电控制电路，对锂离子电池的充电及放电过程进行管控和保护，实现了对锂离子电池充电及放电过程的充电模式、充电倍率、过充电、过放电、放电倍率及充放电过热进行控制和保护，提高了锂离子电池的循环寿命和安全性，且实现了通用型充电电池稳压输出1.5V和在锂离子电池低电量时稳压输出1.1V，实现了可用计算机USB接口或通用型锂离子电池充电适配器给通用型充电电池充电，实现了通用型充电电池形体结构和放电性能符合GB/T 8897.2-2013和IEC 60086-2技术规范，能够直接替代现有通用型一次电池和镍氢充电电池，并在可循环充放电、放电过程输出电压恒定和环保性等方面优于现有通用型一次电池，在标称输出电压为1.5V、放电过程输出电压恒定、充电时间短、无记忆效应和循环寿命长等方面优于现有镍氢充电电池，全面提高通用型充电电池的性能。
为了能更进一步了解本发明的特征以及技术内容，请参阅以下有关本发明的详细说明与附图，然而附图及实施例所标示的参数仅提供参考与说明用，并非用来对本发明加以限制。
附图说明
下面结合附图，通过对本发明的具体实施方式详细描述，将使本发明的技术方案及其它有益效果显而易见。
附图中，
图1为采用锂离子电池构成的R6充电电池装配后的充电电池正极一端的结构示意图；
图2为采用锂离子电池构成的R6充电电池装配后的充电电池负极一端的结构示意图；
图3为采用锂离子电池构成的R6充电电池配用的外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池的正极一端结构示意图；
图4为采用锂离子电池构成的R6充电电池配用的外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池的负极一端结构示意图；
图5为采用外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池构成的R6充电电池装配后，外封装壳体沿轴线剖视的内部装配结构示意图；
图6为采用外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池构成的R6充电电池装配后的爆炸结构示意图；
图7为R6充电电池配用充放电控制器的正电极端盖一端的结构示意图；
图8为R6充电电池配用充放电控制器的锂离子电池正极接入一端的结构示意图；
图9为R6充电电池配用充放电控制器装配后，充放电控制器壳体、充放电控制器支架和正电极端盖沿轴线剖视的内部装配结构示意图；
图10为R6充电电池配用充放电控制器装配后的爆炸结构示意图；
图11为R6充电电池配用充放电控制器中PCB焊装体正电极端盖一端的结构示意图；
图12为R6充电电池配用充放电控制器中PCB焊装体锂离子电池正极接入一端的结构示意图；
图13为R6充电电池配用充放电控制器中PCB焊装体的爆炸结构示意图；
图14为采用锂离子电池构成的R03充电电池装配后充电电池正极一端的结构示意图；
图15为采用锂离子电池构成的R03充电电池装配后充电电池负极一端的结构示意图；
图16为采用锂离子电池构成的R03充电电池配用的外壳正极封装单体锂离子电池的正极一端结构示意图；
图17为采用锂离子电池构成的R03充电电池配用的外壳正极封装单体锂离子电池的负极一端结构示意图；
图18为采用外壳正极封装单体锂离子电池构成的R03充电电池装配后，外封装壳体沿轴线剖视的内部装配结构示意图；
图19为采用外壳正极封装单体锂离子电池构成的R03充电电池装配后的装配关系爆炸结构示意图；
图20为R03充电电池配用充放电控制器的正电极端盖一端结构示意图；
图21为R03充电电池配用充放电控制器的锂离子电池正极接入一端 的结构示意图；
图22为R03充电电池配用充放电控制器装配后，充放电控制器壳体、充放电控制器支架和正电极端盖沿轴线剖视的内部装配结构示意图；
图23为R03充电电池配用充放电控制器装配后的爆炸结构示意图；
图24为R03充电电池配用充放电控制器中PCB焊装体正电极端盖一端的结构示意图；
图25为R03充电电池配用充放电控制器中PCB焊装体锂离子电池正极接入一端的结构示意图；
图26为R03充电电池配用充放电控制器中PCB焊装体爆炸结构示意图；
图27为采用锂离子电池构成的R1充电电池装配后充电电池正极一端的结构示意图；
图28为采用锂离子电池构成的R1充电电池装配后充电电池负极一端的结构示意图；
图29为采用锂离子电池构成的R1充电电池配用的外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池的正极一端结构示意图；
图30为采用锂离子电池构成的R1充电电池配用的外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池的负极一端结构示意图；
图31为采用外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池构成的R1充电电池装配后，外封装壳体沿轴线剖视的内部装配结构示意图；
图32为采用外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池构成的R1充电电池装配后的爆炸结构示意图
图33为R1充电电池配用充放电控制器的正电极端盖一端结构示意图；
图34为R1充电电池配用充放电控制器的锂离子电池正极接入一端的结构示意图；
图35为R1充电电池配用充放电控制器装配后，充放电控制器壳体、充放电控制器支架和正电极端盖沿轴线剖视的内部装配结构示意图；
图36为R1充电电池配用充放电控制器装配后的爆炸结构示意图；
图37为R1充电电池配用充放电控制器中PCB焊装体正电极端盖一端的结构示意图；
图38为R1充电电池配用充放电控制器中PCB焊装体锂离子电池正极接入一端的结构示意图；
图39为R1充电电池配用充放电控制器中PCB焊装体爆炸结构示意 图；
图40为采用锂离子电池构成的R8D425充电电池装配后充电电池正极一端的结构示意图；
图41为采用锂离子电池构成的R8D425充电电池装配后充电电池负极一端的结构示意图；
图42为采用锂离子电池构成的R8D425充电电池配用的软包封装单体锂离子电池的正极一端结构示意图；
图43为采用锂离子电池构成的R8D425充电电池配用的软包封装单体锂离子电池的负极一端结构示意图；
图44为采用软包封装单体锂离子电池构成的R8D425充电电池装配后，外封装壳体沿轴线剖视的内部装配结构示意图；
图45为采用软包封装单体锂离子电池构成的R8D425充电电池装配后的爆炸结构示意图；
图46为R8D425充电电池配用充放电控制器的正电极端盖一端结构示意图；
图47为R8D425充电电池配用充放电控制器的锂离子电池正极接入一端的结构示意图；
图48为R8D425充电电池配用充放电控制器装配后，充放电控制器壳体、充放电控制器支架和正电极端盖沿轴线剖视的内部装配结构示意图；
图49为R8D425充电电池配用充放电控制器装配后的爆炸结构示意图；
图50为R8D425充电电池配用充放电控制器中PCB焊装体正电极端盖一端的结构示意图；
图51为R8D425充电电池配用充放电控制器中PCB焊装体锂离子电池正极接入一端的结构示意图；
图52为R8D425充电电池配用充放电控制器中PCB焊装体爆炸结构示意图；
图53为本发明中R6充电电池的充电接线原理示意图；
图54为本发明充电电池中，采用单片集成充电电池控制芯片，构成充电电池的锂离子电池充放电控制电路的电原理示意图；
图55为充电电池采用钴酸锂(LiCoO2)电池及磷酸铁锂(LiFePO4)电池的放电过程电压曲线和充电电池放电过程电压曲线对比示意图。
具体实施方式
为更进一步阐述本发明所采取的技术手段及其效果，以下结合本发明的优选实施例及其附图进行详细描述。
本发明提供一种采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池，包括：外封装壳体，以及该外封装壳体内依次压合组装的充放电控制器、正极压接片、锂离子电池、及负极端盖；所述充放电控制器一端设有正极接触点外露于外封装壳体的正极端盖，所述正极接触点作为通用型充电电池的正电极，所述负极端盖一端设有一外露于外封装壳体的负极接触点，所述负极接触点作为通用型充电电池的负电极。
请参阅图7至13、图20至26、图33至39、图46至52及图54，所述充放电控制器550(750、850、950)包括：充放电控制器壳体551(751、851、951)，以及设于充放电控制器壳体551(751、851、951)内的充放电控制电路焊装体560(760、860、960)、充放电控制器支架552(752、852、952)、绝缘垫片563(763、863、963)，所述充放电控制电路焊装体560(760、860、960)焊装有锂离子电池充放电控制电路。
具体的，所述充放电控制器550的结构满足R6充电电池配用技术条件，所述充放电控制器750的结构满足R03充电电池配用技术条件，所述充放电控制器850的结构满足R1充电电池配用技术条件，所述充放电控制器950的结构满足R8D425充电电池配用技术条件。
所述充放电控制器结构：采用在充放电控制器壳体内装配充放电控制器支架、充放电控制电路焊装体、绝缘垫片，并将充放电控制器壳体滚边封口后，将充放电控制器壳体褶边焊接在PCB2电路基板的锂离子电池充放电控制电路V-端的敷铜部位构成；所述充放电控制电路焊装体焊装的锂离子电池充放电控制电路结构：采用将焊装有锂离子电池充放电控制电路元器件的PCB1电路基板和PCB2电路基板，通过连接插针焊装为一体，并将正极端盖焊装在PCB1电路基板上，将正极压接片焊装在PCB2电路基板上构成；所述的连接插针采用具有高导热率、高导电性能的金属材料制造而成。
所述充放电控制电路焊装体560(760、860、960)的装配步骤包括：步骤1、在PCB1电路基板571(771、871、971)的两面焊装除热敏电阻Rt外的锂离子电池充放电控制电路元器件，构成PCB1焊装体570(770、870、970)；步骤2、在PCB2电路基板581(781、881、981)的正面焊装热敏电阻Rt构成PCB2焊装体580(780、880、980)；步骤3、通过板间连接插针562(762、862、962)将PCB1焊装体570(770、870、970) 和PCB2焊装体580(780、880、980)焊装连接；步骤4、在PCB1电路基板571(771、871、971)的锂离子电池充放电控制电路V+端的敷铜部位，焊装正电极端盖501(701、801、901)；步骤5、在PCB2电路基板581(781、881、981)背面的锂离子电池充放电控制电路节点Jb+的敷铜部位，焊装正极压接片561(761、861、961)，构成充放电控制电路焊装体560(760、860、960)。
所述充放电控制器550(750、850、950)的装配步骤包括：步骤1、将充放电控制器支架552(752、852、952)装入充放电控制器壳体551(751、851、951)中；步骤2、将充放电控制电路焊装体560(760、860、960)和绝缘垫片563(763、863、963)装入充放电控制器支架552(752、852、952)中；步骤3、用滚边机将充放电控制器壳体551(751、851、951)滚边封口；步骤4、将PCB2电路基板581(781、881、981)的锂离子电池充放电控制电路V-端的敷铜部位与充放电控制器壳体551(751、851、951)滚边后的褶边焊接；步骤5、通过PCB2电路基板581(781、881、981)的注胶孔灌注封装胶，待封装胶固化后构成充放电控制器550(750、850、950)。装配完成后的充放电控制器550(750、850、950)中，充放电控制器壳体551(751、851、951)成为锂离子电池充放电控制电路V-端的接入电极，正电极端盖501(701、801、901)成为锂离子电池充放电控制电路V+端的接入电极，正极压接片561(761、861、961)成为锂离子电池充放电控制电路节点Jb+(如图54所示)的接入电极。
所述充放电控制器支架552(752、852、952)采用导光型绝缘材料制造而成，用于安装充放电控制电路焊装体560(760、860、960)，并将用来显示通用型充电电池充电状态的发光二极管D1发出的光信号传导至通用型充电电池外部，以显示该通用型充电电池的充电状态。
所述锂离子电池选用外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池、外壳正极封装单体锂离子电池或软包封装单体锂离子电池。
采用单体锂离子电池装配通用型充电电池的步骤包括：步骤1、采用点焊机将负电极端盖焊接在锂离子电池的负极上；步骤2、将充放电控制器、单体锂离子电池和负电极端盖沿轴线方向装入外封装壳体，并放入滚边封口机的绝缘定位工装压合固定后，将外封装壳体滚边封口完成通用型充电电池装配；步骤3、在装配完成的通用型充电电池的外封装壳体外部包覆或涂敷绝缘及装饰材料构成通用型充电电池成品。采用此类装配方法的实施例包括：采用外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池构成的R6充电电池、 采用外壳正极封装单体锂离子电池构成的R03充电电池、采用外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池构成的R1充电电池。
本发明中，所述正极端盖、外封装壳体、负极端盖、充放电控制器壳体及连接插针均采用具有高导热率、高导电性能的金属材料制造而成，并且表面经过导电性防氧化处理。所述外封装壳体的成型工艺为采用预制薄壁管材成型，或采用板材滚筒成型，或采用板材卷筒成型；所述充放电控制器壳体的成型工艺为采用预制薄壁管材成型，或采用板材滚筒成型，或采用板材卷筒成型。所述正极压接片采用具有高弹性恢复率、高导热率和高导电性能的金属材料制造而成，并对其表面进行导电性防氧化处理；所述PCB1电路基板和PCB2电路基板采用导热率较高的绝缘材料制造而成，可以将锂离子电池和元器件产生的热量传递至外封装壳体散热。
所述通用型充电电池装配后的散热原理为：锂离子电池充放电控制电路功率器件产生的热量，经PCB1电路基板和PCB2电路基板及电路敷铜导热结构、充放电控制器壳体传导至通用型充电电池外封装壳体散热。所述锂离子电池产生的热量，在锂离子电池的正极一端，经正极压接片、PCB电路基板(PCB1和PCB2)及电路敷铜导热结构、充放电控制器壳体传导至通用型充电电池外封装壳体散热；在锂离子电池的负极一端，经负极端盖传导至通用型充电电池外封装壳体散热。
所述充放电控制电路焊装体焊装有锂离子电池充放电控制电路，该锂离子电池充放电控制电路包括：焊装在电路基板上且分别与锂离子电池、正极端盖、及通过充放电控制器壳体和外封装壳体与负极端盖电性连接的锂离子电池充电控制电路、锂离子电池检测电路、及DC-DC降压型稳压放电电路。本发明的通用型充电电池采用计算机USB接口或通用型锂离子电池充电适配器充电，当通用型充电电池连接至充电电源时，所述锂离子电池检测电路检测到接入的充电电压时，控制DC-DC降压型稳压放电电路关闭稳压输出，并控制锂离子电池充电控制电路开启对锂离子电池进行充电。
本发明的采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池的锂离子电池充放电控制电路，具有接入充电电源的充电状态与脱离充电电源的放电状态。所述通用型充电电池的充放电控制方法包括以下控制条件：
控制条件一，当充电电源接入通用型充电电池后，所述锂离子电池充放电控制电路检测到充电电源接入时进入充电状态。在充电状态锂离子电池充放电控制电路关闭稳压放电输出并开启对锂离子电池进行充电。
控制条件二，在充电状态，所述锂离子电池充放电控制电路检测所述 锂离子电池的输出电压，并根据所述锂离子电池的输出电压状态选择以涓流充电、恒流充电或恒压充电方式对锂离子电池进行充电，在充电过程中，所述锂离子电池充电控制电路检测充电电源的最大允许输出电流，在充电电源最大允许输出电流小于设定的充电电流值时，以充电电源的最大允许输出电流对锂离子电池进行充电。当恒压充电状态的充电电流降为设定的充满态判定电流时，停止对锂离子电池的充电。
控制条件三，当充电电源脱离通用型充电电池时，所述锂离子电池充放电控制电路检测到充电电源脱离，将充电过程中滤波电容存储的多余电能释放掉，使通用型充电电池的正负电极间电压快速降至等于或低于最大开路电压并进入放电状态。在放电状态，锂离子电池充放电控制电路关闭充电输出并开启稳压放电，并按控制条件四稳压输出。
控制条件四，在放电状态，所述锂离子电池充放电控制电路检测锂离子电池的输出电压，在锂离子电池输出电压高于低电量电压VL时，将锂离子电池输出电压降为第一输出电压稳压输出；在锂离子电池输出电压高于放电截止电压VD但等于或低于低电量电压VL时，将锂离子电池输出电压降为第二输出电压稳压输出，并在锂离子电池充电后的输出电压高于VL+△V1时，恢复第一输出电压稳压输出；VL为电压检测电路按照通用型充电电池配套的锂离子电池的电压/容量特性设定的锂离子电池低电量电压，△V1为电压检测电路设定的锂离子电池低电量电压检测门限的回差电压，VD为电压检测电路按照通用型充电电池配套的锂离子电池的放电特性设定的锂离子电池放电截止电压。
控制条件五，在放电状态，所述锂离子电池充放电控制电路检测锂离子电池的输出电压，在锂离子电池输出电压降至等于或低于放电截止电压VD时关闭稳压输出，并在锂离子电池充电后的输出电压高于VD+△V2时，按控制条件四恢复稳压输出；△V2为电压检测电路设定的锂离子电池放电截止电压检测门限的回差电压；
控制条件六，在对通用型充电电池充电过程中，所述锂离子电池充放电控制电路检测锂离子电池的温度，在锂离子电池的温度上升至充电上限温度TCH时停止对锂离子电池充电，并在锂离子电池的温度下降至低于充电上限温度减回差温度(即TCH-△T1)时再次恢复充电，TCH为按照通用型充电电池配套的锂离子电池的充电技术条件设定的锂离子电池充电上限温度，△T1为热敏电阻Rt电压检测电路设定的TCH检测门限的回差电压对应的回差温度；
控制条件七，在通用型充电电池放电过程中，所述锂离子电池充放电 控制电路检测锂离子电池的温度，并在锂离子电池的温度上升至放电上限温度TDH时停止稳压输出，并在锂离子电池的温度下降至低于放电上限温度减回差温度(即TDH-△T2)时再次恢复稳压输出，TDH为按照通用型充电电池配套的锂离子电池的放电技术条件设定的锂离子电池放电上限温度，△T2为热敏电阻Rt电压检测电路设定的TDH检测门限的回差电压对应的回差温度。
当控制条件一给出充电电源接入通用型充电电池，且控制条件六允许对锂离子电池充电时，按照控制条件二对锂离子电池进行充电，当控制条件六不允许对锂离子电池进行充电时，停止对锂离子电池充电；
当控制条件三给出通用型充电电池脱离充电电源，且控制条件五和控制条件七均允许锂离子电池放电输出时，按照控制条件四将锂离子电池输出电能降压并稳压输出，当控制条件五或控制条件七其中之一不允许锂离子电池放电输出时，锂离子电池充放电控制电路关闭稳压输出。
其中，本发明给出的通用型充电电池的第一输出电压可以是1.35V～1.725V的任意电压值，第二输出电压可以是0.9V～1.35V的任意电压值，所述最大开路电压可以是1.5V～1.725V的任意电压值；优选的，所述第一输出电压为1.5V，所述第二输出电压为1.1V，所述最大开路电压为1.65V。
请参阅图54，所述锂离子电池充放电控制电路包括：锂离子电池LIB、单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1、负温度系数热敏电阻Rt、第一电阻R1、第二电阻R2、第三电阻R3、第四电阻R4、第五电阻R5、发光二极管D1、第一电容C1、第二电容C2、电感L1，其中，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1、发光二极管D1、第三电阻R3、第四电阻R4、第一电容C1、第二电容C2构成锂离子电池充电控制电路，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1、第一电阻R1、第二电阻R2、第五电阻R5、负温度系数热敏电阻Rt构成锂离子电池检测电路，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1、电感L1、第一电容C1、第二电容C2构成DC-DC降压型稳压放电电路；所述锂离子电池LIB的正极接节点Jb+，锂离子电池LIB的负极接锂离子电池充放电控制电路的V-端；单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的充电电源接入引脚VCC接锂离子电池充放电控制电路的V+端，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的锂离子电池接入引脚BAT接锂离子电池LIB的正极，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的电源地引脚GND接锂离子电池LIB的负极和锂离子电池充放电控制电路的V-端，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的充电状态输出引脚LDD接发光二极管D1的阴极，单片集成充电电池控制芯片 U1的温度检测设置引脚DTCS分别与第一电阻R1、第二电阻R2连接于节点P1，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的NTC电压检测引脚NTC分别与第二电阻R2、负温度系数热敏电阻Rt连接于分压点P2，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的充电电流设置引脚IBSET接第四电阻R4的一端，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的充余电能释放引脚DECO接第五电阻R5的一端，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的放电电流设置引脚IOSET接单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的锂离子电池接入引脚BAT或单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的电源地引脚GND，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的调制输出引脚SW接电感L1的一端；所述负温度系数热敏电阻Rt为锂离子电池LIB温度传感的负温度系数热敏电阻，负温度系数热敏电阻Rt一端接第二电阻R2和单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的NTC电压检测引脚NTC于分压点P2，另一端接单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的电源地引脚GND，负温度系数热敏电阻Rt的本体绝缘部分贴靠在与锂离子电池LIB输出电极连接的导热电路结构上；所述第一电阻R1为分压点P2的上偏置分压电阻，第一电阻R1一端接锂离子电池LIB的正极，另一端接第二电阻R2和单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的温度检测设置引脚DTCS于节点P1；所述第二电阻R2为分压点P2的上偏置分压电阻，第二电阻R2一端接第一电阻R1和单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的温度检测设置引脚DTCS于节点P1，另一端接负温度系数热敏电阻Rt和单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的NTC电压检测引脚NTC于分压点P2；所述第三电阻R3为发光二极管D1的限流电阻，第三电阻R3一端接锂离子电池充放电控制电路的V+端，另一端接发光二极管D1的阳极；所述第四电阻R4为单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的充电电流设置电阻，第四电阻R4一端接单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的充电电流设置引脚IBSET，另一端接单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的电源地引脚GND；所述第五电阻R5为第二电容C2的充电剩余电能释放限流电阻，第五电阻R5的一端接单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的充余电能释放引脚DECO，另一端接第二电容C2的正极；所述发光二极管D1为单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的充电工作状态显示发光二极管，发光二极管D1的阳极接第三电阻R3的另一端，发光二极管D1的阴极接单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的充电状态输出引脚LDD；所述第一电容C1为单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的充电输出滤波电容和放电输入滤波及补偿电容，第一电容C1的正极接单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的锂离子电池接入引脚BAT，第一电容C1的负极接单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的电源地引脚GND；所述第二电容C2为单 片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的充电输入滤波电容和放电输出滤波及补偿电容，第二电容C2的正极接电感L1的另一端、单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的充电电源接入引脚Vcc及锂离子电池充放电控制电路的V+端，第二电容C2的负极接单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的电源地引脚GND；所述电感L1为单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的输出滤波及补偿电感，电感L1一端接单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的调制输出引脚SW，另一端接第二电容C2的正极和锂离子电池充放电控制电路的V+端。所述单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的型号为深圳市麦格松电气科技有限公司(ShenZhen Migison Electric Co.,Ltd)的MGS4520A或MGS4520B或MGS4520C，其主要控制参数包括，输入电压2.25V～6V，充电上限电压VH(MGS4520A为4.2V，MGS4520B为3.65V，MGS4520C为4.35V)，恒流态充电电流(ICHG)500mA，充满判定电流ICHG/10，NTC电压检测门限为0.3VLIB，放电截止电压VD(MGS4520A为3.0V，MGS4520B为2.5V，MGS4520C为3.0V)，放电低电量电压VL(MGS4520A为3.4V，MGS4520B为3.1V，MGS4520C为3.4V)，充余电能释放门限为1.65V，稳压输出电压1.5V(VLIB≤VL时为1.1V)，最大稳压输出电流2A(IOSET引脚接GND时为1.0A)。
所述锂离子电池充放电控制电路各工作状态的具体控制方法如下：
充放电模式转换控制方法：在通用型充电电池未接入充电电源状态，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的充电电源接入引脚Vcc电压小于4V，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1关闭充电并开启稳压放电输出，通用型充电电池进入稳压放电状态。在充电电源接入后，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的充电电源接入引脚Vcc电压高于4V时，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1关闭稳压放电输出并开启向锂离子电池LIB充电，通用型充电电池进入充电状态，直至充电电源断电后转换至放电状态后恢复放电输出。此外，通用型充电电池在充电电源脱离后由充电状态转换为放电状态时，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的充余电能释放引脚DECO输出为低电平，将第二电容C2在充电时充入的多余电能通过第五电阻R5限流释放，使通用型充电电池的空载电压快速降至最大开路电压，在第二电容C2的电压降至等于或低于最大开路电压后，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的充余电能释放引脚DECO输出转换为高阻态。
充电过程控制方法：充电电源接入通用型充电电池后，充电电源的正极与通用型充电电池的正极V+连接，充电电源的负极与通用型充电电池的负极V-连接，由于通用型充电电池的正极V+即为锂离子电池充放电控 制电路的V+端，通用型充电电池的负极V-即为锂离子电池充放电控制电路的V-端，就等于充电电源的正极连接至单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的充电电源输入引脚Vcc、充电电源的负极连接至单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的电源地引脚GND，此时若锂离子电池LIB的温度低于TCH，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1开启对锂离子电池LIB充电，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1通过锂离子电池接入引脚BAT检测锂离子电池LIB的输出电压VLIB，并根据VLIB的状态由锂离子电池接入引脚BAT输出对锂离子电池LIB充电，当锂离子电池LIB的输出电压VLIB等于或小于锂离子电池LIB放电截止电压VD(VLIB≤VD)时，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1对锂离子电池LIB进行涓流充电，当锂离子电池LIB的输出电压VLIB大于锂离子电池LIB的放电截止电压VD但小于锂离子电池LIB的充电上限电压VH(VD＜VLIB＜VH)时，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1以ICHG对锂离子电池LIB进行恒流充电，当锂离子电池LIB的输出电压VLIB等于锂离子电池LIB的充电上限电压VH(VLIB＝VH)时，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1以充电上限电压VH对锂离子电池LIB进行恒压充电，直至充电电流降至ICHG/10后停止充电。在充电过程中发光二极管D1由充电电源供电，并由单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1通过充电状态输出引脚LDD驱动显示充电过程的工作状态。
充电电流控制方法：单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1向锂离子电池LIB充电的恒流态最大充电电流由第四电阻R4的电阻值设定，即R4＝1000V/ICHG(ICHG为单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1在恒流充电状态输出的最大充电电流)，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的锂离子电池LIB充满态判定电流为ICHG/10。
充电电源输出电流适配控制方法：单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1通过充电电源接入引脚Vcc，检测充电电源的空载状态输出电压和线性加载状态输出电压的压降幅值，判定充电电源的允许输出的最大电流，在充电电源允许输出的最大电流小于ICHG时，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1以充电电源允许输出的最大电流为限流值对锂离子电池LIB进行充电。
稳压输出电压控制方法：在通用型充电电池未接入充电电源的放电状态，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1通过锂离子电池接入引脚BAT检测锂离子电池LIB的输出电压VLIB，当锂离子电池LIB的输出电压VLIB高于低电量电压(VLIB＞VL)时，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1将锂离子电池LIB输出电压降为1.5V稳压输出。当锂离子电池LIB输出电压VLIB等于或低于低电量电压(VLIB≤VL)时，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1将 锂离子电池LIB输出电压降为1.1V稳压输出。单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1对锂离子电池LIB的低电量电压VL的检测判定值为多点采样均值，其采样频率与锂离子电池LIB的输出电压变化率成正比，其检测门限的回差电压为△V1，因而在锂离子电池LIB充电后的电压VLIB升至等于或高于VL+△V1后，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1恢复1.5V稳压输出。
过放电保护方法：在通用型充电电池未接入充电电源的放电状态，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1通过锂离子电池接入引脚BAT检测锂离子电池LIB的输出电压VLIB，在锂离子电池LIB的输出电压VLIB高于放电截止电压(VLIB＞VD)时，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1开启稳压输出。在锂离子电池LIB的输出电压VLIB等于或低于放电截止电压(VLIB≤VD)时，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1关闭稳压输出。单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1对锂离子电池LIB的放电截止电压VD的检测判定值为多点采样均值，其采样频率与锂离子电池LIB的输出电压变化率成正比，其检测门限的回差电压为△V2，因而在锂离子电池LIB充电后的输出电压VLIB升至等于或高于VD+△V2后，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1恢复稳压输出。
输出过载或短路控制方法：单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1设有可设定限流值的输出过载保护电路，在通用型充电电池输出过载或短路时，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1按其设定的最大输出电流ILIM为限流值稳压输出。单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的稳压输出限流值通过单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的放电电流设置引脚IOSET的接入电平状态设定，将单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的放电电流设置引脚IOSET接至单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的锂离子电池接入引脚BAT时，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的最大输出电流ILIM为2A，将单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的放电电流设置引脚IOSET接至单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的电源地引脚GND时，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的最大输出电流ILIM为1A。按照通用型充电电池配用的锂离子电池的放电倍率特性配置单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的最大输出电流ILIM，避免通用型充电电池输出过载或短路时锂离子电池LIB超倍率放电损伤。
充电过热保护控制方法：单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的NTC电压检测引脚NTC的门限电压为0.3VLIB，在充电状态，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的温度检测设置引脚DTCS输出为高阻态，第一电阻R1、第二电阻R2和负温度系数热敏电阻Rt的电阻值需满足：2.33Rtch＝R1+R2(Rtch为负温度系数热敏电阻Rt在锂离子电池温度等于TCH时的电阻 值)。在锂离子电池LIB工作温度低于设定的充电上限温度TCH时，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的NTC电压检测引脚NTC的电压高于0.3VLIB，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1开启向锂离子电池LIB充电。在锂离子电池LIB工作温度上升至等于或高于充电上限温度TCH时，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的NTC电压检测引脚NTC的电压等于或低于0.3VLIB，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1关闭向锂离子电池LIB充电。单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的NTC电压检测门限的回差电压为△VT，因而在锂离子电池LIB工作温度降至使单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的NTC电压检测引脚NTC的电压等于或高于0.3VLIB+△VT时，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1恢复向锂离子电池LIB充电。
放电过热保护控制方法：单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的NTC电压检测引脚NTC的门限电压为0.3VLIB，在放电状态，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1将温度检测设置引脚DTCS接至单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的锂离子电池接入引脚BAT，第二电阻R2和负温度系数热敏电阻Rt的电阻值需满足：2.33Rtdh＝R2(Rtdh为负温度系数热敏电阻Rt在锂离子电池温度等于TDH时的电阻值)。在锂离子电池LIB工作温度低于放电上限温度TDH时，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的NTC电压检测引脚NTC电压高于0.3VLIB，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1开启稳压输出。在锂离子电池LIB工作温度上升至等于或高于放电上限温度TDH时，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的NTC电压检测引脚NTC电压等于或低于0.3VLIB，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1关闭稳压输出。单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的NTC电压检测门限的回差电压为△VT，因而在锂离子电池LIB停止放电后的工作温度降至使单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的NTC电压检测引脚NTC的电压等于或高于0.3VLIB+△VT时，单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1恢复稳压输出。
所述的R6充电电池500、R03充电电池700、R1充电电池800和R8D425充电电池900，在其型号相应的形体结构技术规范和充放电控制器的结构技术条件下，构成的通用型充电电池结构方法及电路连接方法如下：
(一)采用外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池510构成的R6充电电池500：
请参阅图1至图6，R6充电电池500包括：外封装壳体502、及封装在外封装壳体502内的充放电控制器550和锂离子电池510及负极端盖503。在R6充电电池500的正极一端，露出外封装壳体502的正电极端盖 501的凸出结构作为R6充电电池500的正电极，在正电极端盖501与外封装壳体502之间，由导光型绝缘材料制造的充放电控制器支架552的导光凸缘结构，作为R6充电电池500的充电工作状态发光显示体；在R6充电电池500的负极一端，露出外封装壳体502的负极端盖503的凸出结构作为R6充电电池500的负电极。
所述的R6充电电池500，在R6电池结构技术规范和充放电控制器550结构技术条件下，采用外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池510构成的R6充电电池500的结构方法及电路连接方法如下：
请参阅图3及图4，外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池510的圆形外壳体及底端为单体锂离子电池510的负极512，另一端凸盖为单体锂离子电池510的正极511；外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池510为采用钢质外壳体或其它导电材质外壳体封装的外壳体为负极的锂离子电池，本实施例在优先考虑提高通用型充电电池蓄电容量条件下，所述外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池510采用R14430钢壳封装920mAh高能钴酸锂电池。
请参阅图54，本实施例锂离子电池充放电控制电路配用的单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1采用MGS4520C；主要控制参数包括，充电输入电压4V～6V，充电上限电压(VH)4.35V，最大充电输出电流500mA(ICHG)，充满态判定电流ICHG/10，放电低电量电压3.4V(VL)，放电截止电压3.0V(VD)，最大稳压输出电流2A(单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的放电电流设置引脚IOSET接单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的锂离子电池接入引脚BAT)。在此基础上可实现的本实施例R6充电电池主要控制参数包括，充电输入电压5V±0.7V，最大充电电流(ICHG)设计为370mA(锂离子电池LIB的最大充电倍率约0.4C)，锂离子电池LIB充电上限温度TCH设计为45℃，锂离子电池LIB放电上限温度TDH设计为55℃，稳压输出电压1.5V，低电量稳压输出电压1.1V，最大稳压输出电流2A(锂离子电池LIB的最大放电倍率约1C)，蓄电容量约2200mAh。
请参阅图1至图6及图54，在本实施例中，所述锂离子电池LIB为外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池510，单体锂离子电池510的正极511为锂离子电池LIB的正极，单体锂离子电池510的负极512为锂离子电池LIB的负极。采用外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池510组装R6充电电池500的装配步骤，可以直接按照上述装配步骤进行装配，装配后的散热原理与上述散热原理相同，此处不再赘述。
请参阅图7至图13及图54，所述R6充电电池500配用的充放电控制器550的装配步骤，可以直接按照上述装配步骤进行装配，此处不再赘 述，装配后的电路连接关系如下：
请参阅图1至13及图54，采用外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池510构成的R6充电电池500装配后的电路连接关系包括：焊接在图54中V+的正电极端盖501作为R6充电电池500的放电输出和充电输入的正电极；单体锂离子电池510的正极511与焊接在图54中节点Jb+的正极压接片弹性压接，电路连接意义等于锂离子电池510的正极511接入图54中的节点Jb+；通过外封装壳体502，焊接在图54中V-的充放电控制器壳体551与焊接在单体锂离子电池510负极512的负电极端盖503压合建立电路连接，电路连接意义等于单体锂离子电池510的负极512通过负电极端盖503、充电电池外封装壳体502及充放电控制器壳体551接入图54中的V-，使负电极端盖503成为R6充电电池500的放电输出和充电输入的负电极。
(二)采用外壳正极封装单体锂离子电池720构成的R03充电电池700：
所述的R03充电电池700，在R03电池结构技术规范和充放电控制器750结构技术条件下，采用外壳正极封装单体锂离子电池720构成R03充电电池700的结构方法及电路连接方法如下：
请参阅图14至图19，R03充电电池700包括：外封装壳体702、及封装在外封装壳体702内的充放电控制器750和外壳正极封装单体锂离子电池720及负极端盖703构成。在R03充电电池700的正极一端，露出外封装壳体702的正电极端盖701的凸出结构作为R03充电电池700的正电极，在正电极端盖701与外封装壳体702之间，由导光型绝缘材料制造的充放电控制器支架752的导光凸缘结构，作为R03充电电池700的充电工作状态发光显示体。在R03充电电池700的负极一端，露出外封装壳体702的负电极端盖703的凸出结构作为R03充电电池700的负电极。
请参阅图16及图17，外壳正极封装单体锂离子电池720的圆形外壳体及底端为锂离子电池720的正极721，另一端凸盖为锂离子电池720的负极722，在锂离子电池720的圆形外壳体上热塑包覆有塑料绝缘膜723，热塑绝缘膜723将壳体包覆后仅在底端露出外壳体部分底部作为锂离子电池720的正极721；外壳正极封装单体锂离子电池720为采用铝质外壳体或其它导电材质外壳体封装的外壳体为正极的锂离子电池。本实施例在优先考虑提高通用型充电电池容量性价比条件下，所述锂离子电池720采用R10380铝壳封装300mAh镍钴锰酸锂电池。
请参阅图54，本实施例锂离子电池充放电控制电路配用的单片集成充 电电池控制芯片U1采用MGS4520A；主要控制参数包括，充电输入电压4V～6V，充电上限电压(VH)4.2V，最大充电输出电流500mA(ICHG)，充满态判定电流ICHG/10，放电低电量电压3.4V(VL)，放电截止电压3.0V(VD)，最大稳压输出电流1A(单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的放电电流设置引脚IOSET接单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的电源地引脚GND)。在此基础上可实现的本实施例R03充电电池主要控制参数包括，充电输入电压5V±0.7V，最大充电电流(ICHG)设计为150mA(锂离子电池LIB的最大充电倍率约0.5C)，锂离子电池LIB充电上限温度TCH设计为45℃，锂离子电池LIB放电上限温度TDH设计为55℃，稳压输出电压1.5V，低电量稳压输出电压1.1V，最大稳压输出电流1A(锂离子电池LIB的最大放电倍率约1.5C)，蓄电容量约700mAh。
请参阅图14至图19及图54，所述锂离子电池LIB为外壳正极封装单体锂离子电池720，外壳正极封装单体锂离子电池720的正极721为锂离子电池LIB的正极，外壳正极封装单体锂离子电池720的负极722为锂离子电池LIB的负极。采用外壳正极封装单体锂离子电池720组装R03充电电池700的装配步骤，可以直接按照上述装配步骤进行装配，装配后的散热原理与上述散热原理相同，此处不再赘述。
请参阅图20至图26及图54，所述R03充电电池700配用的充放电控制器750的装配步骤，可以直接按照上述装配步骤进行装配，此处不再赘述，装配后的电路连接关系如下：
请参阅图14至26及图54，采用外壳正极封装单体锂离子电池720组装的R03充电电池700，装配后的电路连接关系包括：焊接在图54中V+的正电极端盖701作为R03充电电池700的放电输出和充电输入的正电极；锂离子电池720的正极721与焊接在图54中节点Jb+的正极压接片761弹性压接，电路连接意义等于锂离子电池720的正极721通过正极压接片761接入图54中的节点Jb+；通过外封装壳体702，焊接在图54中V-的充放电控制器壳体751与焊接在单体锂离子电池720负极722的负电极端盖703压合建立电路连接，电路连接意义等于锂离子电池720的负极722通过负电极端盖703、外封装壳体702及充放电控制器壳体751接入图54中的V-，使负电极端盖703成为R03充电电池700的放电输出和充电输入的负电极。
(三)采用外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池810构成的R1充电电池800：
所述的R1充电电池800，在R1电池结构技术规范和充放电控制器 850结构技术条件下，采用外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池810构成R1充电电池800的结构方法及电路连接方法如下：
请参阅图27至图32，R1充电电池800包括：外封装壳体802、及封装在外封装壳体802内的充放电控制器850和外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池810及负极端盖803构成。在R1充电电池800的正极一端，露出外封装壳体802的正电极端盖801的凸出结构作为R1充电电池800的正电极，在正电极端盖801与外封装壳体802之间，由导光型绝缘材料制造的充放电控制器支架852的导光凸缘结构，作为R1充电电池800的充电工作状态的发光显示体。在R1充电电池800的负极一端，露出外封装壳体802的负电极端盖803的凸出结构作为R1充电电池800的负电极。
请参阅图29及图30，外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池810的圆形外壳体及底端为锂离子电池810的负极812，另一端凸盖为锂离子电池810的正极811；外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池810为采用钢质外壳体或其它导电材质外壳体封装的外壳体为负极的锂离子电池，本实施例在优先考虑提高通用型充电电池的循环寿命和安全性条件下，所述锂离子电池810采用R11250钢壳封装160mAh磷酸铁锂电池。
请参阅图54，本实施例锂离子电池充放电控制电路配用的单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1采用MGS4520B；主要控制参数包括，充电输入电压4V～6V，充电上限电压(VH)3.65V，最大充电输出电流500mA(ICHG)，充满态判定电流ICHG/10，放电低电量电压3.1V(VL)，放电截止电压2.5V(VD)，最大稳压输出电流1A(单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的放电电流设置引脚IOSET接单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的电源地引脚GND)。在此基础上可实现的本实施例R1充电电池主要控制参数包括，充电输入电压5V±0.7V，最大充电电流(ICHG)设计为80mA(锂离子电池LIB的最大充电倍率约0.5C)，锂离子电池LIB充电上限温度TCH设计为50℃，锂离子电池LIB放电上限温度TDH设计为60℃，稳压输出电压1.5V，低电量稳压输出电压1.1V，最大稳压输出电流1A(锂离子电池LIB的最大放电倍率约3.2C)，蓄电容量约340mAh。
请参阅图27至32及图54，所述锂离子电池LIB由外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池810构成，锂离子电池810的正极811为锂离子电池LIB的正极，锂离子电池810的负极812为锂离子电池LIB的负极。采用外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池810组装R1充电电池800的装配步骤、装配后的散热原理，均与采用外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池510构成的R6充电电池500装配步骤以及装配后的散热原理相同，此处不再赘述。
请参阅图33至图39及图54，所述R1充电电池800配用的充放电控制器850的装配步骤，可以直接按照上述装配步骤进行装配，此处不再赘述，装配后的电路连接关系如下：
请参阅图27至39及图54，采用外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池810组装的R1充电电池800，装配后的电路连接关系包括：焊接在图54中V+的正电极端盖801作为R1充电电池800的放电输出和充电输入的正电极；锂离子电池810的正极811与焊接在图54中节点Jb+的正极压接片861弹性压接，电路连接意义等于锂离子电池810的正极811通过正极压接片861接入图54中的节点Jb+；通过外封装壳体802，焊接在图54中V-的充放电控制器壳体851与焊接在锂离子电池810负极812的负电极端盖803压合建立电路连接，电路连接意义等于锂离子电池810的负极812通过负电极端盖803、外封装壳体802及充放电控制器壳体851接入图54中的V-，使负电极端盖803成为R1充电电池800的放电输出和充电输入的负电极。
(四)采用软包封装单体锂离子电池930构成的R8D425充电电池900：
所述的R8D425充电电池900，在R8D425电池结构技术规范和充放电控制器950结构技术条件下，采用软包封装单体锂离子电池930构成R8D425充电电池900的结构方法及电路连接方法如下：
请参阅图40至图45，R8D425充电电池900包括：外封装壳体902、及封装在外封装壳体902内的充放电控制器950和软包封装单体锂离子电池930及负极端盖903构成。在R8D425充电电池900的正极一端，露出外封装壳体902的正电极端盖901的凸出结构作为R8D425充电电池900的正电极，在正电极端盖901与外封装壳体902之间，由导光型绝缘材料制造的充放电控制器支架952的导光凸缘结构，作为R8D425充电电池900的充电工作状态发光显示体。在R8D425充电电池900的负极一端，露出外封装壳体902的负电极端盖903的凸出结构作为R8D425充电电池900的负电极。
请参阅图42及图43，软包封装单体锂离子电池930的一端为锂离子电池930的正极931，另一端为锂离子电池930的负极932；软包封装单体锂离子电池930为采用铝塑复合膜933或其它材料制成的软包封装单体锂离子电池，本实施例在优先考虑提高通用型充电电池蓄电容量条件下，所述锂离子电池930采用R08350铝塑膜软包封装190mAh普通钴酸锂电池。
请参阅图54，本实施例锂离子电池充放电控制电路配用的单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1采用MGS4520A；主要控制参数包括，充电输入电压4V～6V，充电上限电压(VH)4.2V，最大充电输出电流500mA(ICHG)，充满态判定电流ICHG/10，放电低电量电压3.4V(VL)，放电截止电压3.0V(VD)，最大稳压输出电流1A(单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的放电电流设置引脚IOSET接单片集成充电电池控制芯片U1的电源地引脚GND)。在此基础上可实现的本实施例R8D425充电电池主要控制参数包括，充电输入电压5V±0.7V，最大充电电流(ICHG)设计为100mA(锂离子电池LIB的最大充电倍率约0.5C)，锂离子电池LIB充电上限温度TCH设计为45℃，锂离子电池LIB放电上限温度TDH设计为55℃，稳压输出电压1.5V，低电量稳压输出电压1.1V，最大稳压输出电流1A(锂离子电池LIB的最大放电倍率约2.2C)，蓄电容量约460mAh。
请参阅图42至图45，所述锂离子电池LIB由软包封装单体锂离子电池930构成，锂离子电池930的正极931为锂离子电池LIB的正极，锂离子电池930的负极932为锂离子电池LIB的负极。采用软包封装单体锂离子电池930组装R8D425充电电池900的装配步骤包括：步骤1，将锂离子电池930放入绝缘极耳折弯定形工装，将正极极耳931和负极极耳932折弯定形；步骤2，将正极绝缘定位支架935的极耳卡槽开口对正折弯的正极极耳931推入，使正极极耳931嵌入正极绝缘定位支架935的极耳卡槽；步骤3，将负极绝缘定位支架936的极耳卡槽开口对正折弯的负极极耳932推入，使负极极耳932嵌入负极绝缘定位支架936的极耳卡槽；步骤4，用点焊机将负电极端盖903焊接在锂离子电池930的负极极耳932上；步骤5，将充放电控制器950、锂离子电池930及负电极端盖903沿轴线方向依次装入外封装壳体902，并放入滚边封口机的绝缘定位工装压合固定；步骤6，用滚边封口机将外封装壳体902滚边封口完成R8D425充电电池900装配；步骤7，在装配完成的R8D425充电电池900的外封装壳体902外部包覆或涂敷绝缘及装饰材料构成R8D425充电电池900成品。装配后的散热原理与上述实施例的散热原理相同，此处不再赘述。
请参阅图46至图52及图54，所述R8D425充电电池900配用的充放电控制器950的装配步骤，可以直接按照上述装配步骤进行装配，此处不再赘述，装配后的电路连接关系如下：
请参阅图40至52及图54，采用软包封装单体锂离子电池930组装R8D425充电电池900装配后的电路连接关系包括：焊接在图54中V+的正电极端盖901作为R8D425充电电池900的放电输出和充电输入的正电 极；锂离子电池930的正极931与焊接在图54中节点Jb+的正极压接片961弹性压接，电路连接意义等于锂离子电池930的正极931接入图54中的节点Jb+；通过外封装壳体902，焊接在图54中V-的充放电控制器壳体951与焊接在锂离子电池930负极932的负电极端盖903压合建立电路连接，电路连接意义等于锂离子电池930的负极932通过负电极端盖903、外封装壳体902及充放电控制器壳体951接入图54中的V-，使负电极端盖903成为R8D425充电电池900的放电输出和充电输入的负电极。
请参阅图53，本发明采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池，采用计算机USB接口或通用型锂离子电池充电适配器作为充电电源对通用型充电电池充电。单节充电电池的充电装置电路为设有两个电极和两根导线的最简结构，其中一根导线将充电电源的正极连接至通用型充电电池的正电极，另一根将充电电源的负极连接至通用型充电电池的负电极。所述R03、R1、R8D425充电电池的充电装置电路接线原理与R6充电电池相同；本发明的通用型充电电池可以直接并联充电(包括不同型号)，但在充电电源的最大输出电流小于并联后的所有通用型充电电池的最大充电电流之和时，所需的充电时间较长。
请参阅图55，为本发明采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池放电过程的锂离子电池输出电压曲线和通用型充电电池输出电压曲线对比示意图。其中，LC为通用型充电电池中配用的钴酸锂(LiCoO2)电池放电过程的输出电压曲线；LF为通用型充电电池中配用的磷酸铁锂(LiFePO4)电池放电过程的输出电压曲线，LE为通用型充电电池放电过程的输出电压曲线；通用型充电电池充满后放电过程的锂离子电池输出电压和通用型充电电池输出电压的对应关系为：在锂离子电池输出电压为VLIB＞VL区间，通用型充电电池输出电压为1.5V；在锂离子电池输出电压为VL≥VLIB＞VD区间，通用型充电电池输出电压为1.1V；当锂离子电池输出电压VLIB≤VD时，通用型充电电池关闭输出。图中给出的锂离子电池放电曲线，为环境温度约为25℃及放电倍率约为0.4C条件下的示意图，在不同的环境温度和放电倍率条件下，锂离子电池输出电压v与时间t的函数关系会与图55标示有所不同。采用不同正极体系、负极体系、电解液及电池结构构成的锂离子电池，其放电曲线、充电完成时的端电压VH、放电截止电压VD等与图55标示参数会有所不同。
本发明给出的上述所有参数以及实施例的控制参数配置、实施例的锂离子电池设计引用等，仅为对本发明技术原理的辅助说明，而非对本发明技术原理的限制。
综上所述，本发明的采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池，稳压输出1.5V和在锂离子电池低电量时稳压输出1.1V，可用计算机USB接口或通用型锂离子电池充电适配器给其充电，其形体结构和放电性能符合GB/T 8897.2-2013和IEC 60086-2技术规范，能够直接替代现有通用型一次电池和镍氢充电电池，具有较高的性能，其充放电控制器结构及装配工艺简单，有利于自动化量产装配，利用充放电控制器壳体作为锂离子电池负极接入锂离子电池充放电控制电路的电极结构，节省了较大的充放电控制器内部空间，消除了阻碍充放电控制器密封的活动部件，可实现充放电控制器的防水密封，防止受潮及浸水后电路失效问题，同时有利于提高通用型充电电池的蓄电容量，降低生产成本，且充放电控制器内设有锂离子电池充放电控制电路，实现了锂离子电池的充电及放电过程的管控和保护，提高了锂离子电池的循环寿命和安全性；本发明的采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池的控制方法，按照锂离子电池所需的充电及放电工作技术条件，通过设置锂离子电池充放电控制电路，对锂离子电池的充电及放电过程进行管控和保护，实现了对锂离子电池充电及放电过程的充电模式、充电倍率、过充电、过放电、放电倍率及充放电过热进行控制和保护，提高了锂离子电池的循环寿命和安全性，且实现了通用型充电电池稳压输出1.5V和在锂离子电池低电量时稳压输出1.1V，实现了可用计算机USB接口或通用型锂离子电池充电适配器给通用型充电电池充电，实现了通用型充电电池形体结构和放电性能符合GB/T 8897.2-2013和IEC 60086-2技术规范，能够直接替代现有通用型一次电池和镍氢充电电池，并在可循环充放电、放电过程输出电压恒定和环保性等方面优于现有通用型一次电池，在标称输出电压为1.5V、放电过程输出电压恒定、充电时间短、无记忆效应和循环寿命长等方面优于现有镍氢充电电池，全面提高通用型充电电池的性能。
以上所述，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，可以根据本发明的技术方案和技术构思作出其他各种相应的改变和变形，而所有这些改变和变形都应属于本发明权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池，包括：外封装壳体，以及该外封装壳体内依次压合组装的充放电控制器、正极压接片、锂离子电池、及负极端盖；所述充放电控制器包括：充放电控制器壳体，以及设于充放电控制器壳体内的充放电控制电路焊装体、绝缘垫片、充放电控制器支架，所述充放电控制电路焊装体焊装有锂离子电池充放电控制电路，该锂离子电池充放电控制电路包括：焊装在电路基板上且分别与锂离子电池、正极端盖、及通过充放电控制器壳体和外封装壳体与负极端盖电性连接的锂离子电池充电控制电路、锂离子电池检测电路、及DC-DC降压型稳压放电电路。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池，其中，所述充放电控制器一端设有正极接触点外露于外封装壳体的正极端盖，所述正极接触点作为通用型充电电池的正电极；所述负极端盖一端设有一外露于外封装壳体的负极接触点，所述负极接触点作为通用型充电电池的负电极。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池，其中，所述锂离子电池为外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池、外壳正极封装单体锂离子电池或软包封装单体锂离子电池；所述通用型充电电池为R6充电电池、R03充电电池、R1充电电池或R8D425充电电池；所述通用型充电电池采用计算机USB接口或通用型锂离子电池充电适配器作为充电电源对通用型充电电池充电。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池，其中，所述正极压接片采用具有高弹性恢复率、高导热率和高导电性能的金属材料制造而成，并对其表面进行导电性防氧化处理；所述正极端盖、外封装壳体、负极端盖、充放电控制器壳体均采用具有高导热率、高导电性能的金属材料制造而成，并对其表面进行导电性防氧化处理；所述外封装壳体的成型工艺为采用预制薄壁管材成型，或采用板材滚筒成型，或采用板材卷筒成型；所述充放电控制器壳体的成型工艺为采用预制薄壁管材成型，或采用板材滚筒成型，或采用板材卷筒成型；所述充放电控制器支架采用导光型绝缘材料制造而成，用于安装充放电控制电路焊装体，并将用来显示通用型充电电池充电状态的发光二极管发出的光信号传导至通用型充电电池外部。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池，其中，所述通用型充电电池具有接入充电电源的充电状态与脱离充电电源的放电状态，在充电状态时，所述锂离子电池检测电路检测锂离子电池的温度，当锂离子电池的温度上升至设定的充电上限温度时，控制所述锂离子电池充电控制电路停止对锂离子电池充电，并在锂离子电池的温度下降至低于设定的充电上限温度减回差温度时再次恢复充电；在放电状态时，所述锂离子电池检测电路检测锂离子电池的温度，在锂离子电池的温度上升至设定的放电上限温度时，控制所述DC-DC降压型稳压放电电路停止稳压输出，并在锂离子电池的温度下降至低于设定的放电上限温度减回差温度时再次恢复稳压输出。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池，其中，所述通用型充电电池处于充电状态时，所述锂离子电池充放电控制电路检测到接入的充电电压后关闭稳压输出，并检测所述锂离子电池的输出电压，根据所述锂离子电池的输出电压状态选择以涓流充电、恒流充电或恒压充电方式对锂离子电池进行充电，在充电过程中，所述锂离子电池充电控制电路检测充电电源的最大允许输出电流，并在充电电源最大允许输出电流小于设定的充电电流值时，以充电电源的最大允许输出电流对锂离子电池进行充电，在恒压充电状态的充电电流降至设定的充满判定电流时，停止对锂离子电池充电；所述通用型充电电池处于放电状态时，所述锂离子电池充放电控制电路开启稳压输出，并检测所述锂离子电池的输出电压，在锂离子电池输出电压高于低电量电压VL时，将锂离子电池的输出电压降为第一输出电压稳压输出，在锂离子电池输出电压等于或低于低电量电压VL时，将锂离子电池的输出电压降为第二输出电压稳压输出，在锂离子电池输出电压等于或低于放电截止电压VD时关闭稳压输出；
    所述VL为设定的锂离子电池低电量电压，VD为设定的锂离子电池放电截止电压；所述第一输出电压为1.35V～1.725V，所述第二输出电压为0.9V～1.35V；优选的，所述第一输出电压为1.5V，所述第二输出电压为1.1V。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池，其中，所述充放电控制器结构：采用在充放电控制器壳体内装配充放电控制器支架、充放电控制电路焊装体、绝缘垫片，并将充放电控制器壳体滚边封口后，将充放电控制器壳体褶边焊接在PCB2电路基板的锂离子电池充放电控制电路V-端的敷铜部位构成；所述充放电控制电路焊装体焊装的锂离子电池充放电控制电路结构：采用将焊装有锂离子电池充放电控制电路 元器件的PCB1电路基板和PCB2电路基板，通过连接插针焊装为一体，并将正极端盖焊装在PCB1电路基板上，将正极压接片焊装在PCB2电路基板上构成；所述的连接插针采用具有高导热率、高导电性能的金属材料制造而成。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池，其中，所述锂离子电池充放电控制电路包括：锂离子电池、单片集成充电电池控制芯片、负温度系数热敏电阻、第一电阻、第二电阻、第三电阻、第四电阻、第五电阻、发光二极管、第一电容、第二电容、电感，其中，单片集成充电电池控制芯片、发光二极管、第三电阻、第四电阻、第一电容、第二电容构成锂离子电池充电控制电路，单片集成充电电池控制芯片、第一电阻、第二电阻、第五电阻、负温度系数热敏电阻构成锂离子电池检测电路，单片集成充电电池控制芯片、电感、第一电容、第二电容构成DC-DC降压型稳压放电电路；所述锂离子电池的正极接节点Jb+，锂离子电池的负极接锂离子电池充放电控制电路的V-端；单片集成充电电池控制芯片的充电电源接入引脚接锂离子电池充放电控制电路的V+端，单片集成充电电池控制芯片的锂离子电池接入引脚接锂离子电池的正极，单片集成充电电池控制芯片的电源地引脚接锂离子电池的负极和锂离子电池充放电控制电路的V-端，单片集成充电电池控制芯片的充电状态输出引脚接发光二极管的阴极，单片集成充电电池控制芯片的温度检测设置引脚分别与第一电阻、第二电阻连接于节点P1，单片集成充电电池控制芯片的NTC电压检测引脚分别与第二电阻、负温度系数热敏电阻连接于分压点P2，单片集成充电电池控制芯片的充电电流设置引脚接第四电阻的一端，单片集成充电电池控制芯片的充余电能释放引脚接第五电阻的一端，单片集成充电电池控制芯片的放电电流设置引脚接单片集成充电电池控制芯片的锂离子电池接入引脚或单片集成充电电池控制芯片的电源地引脚，单片集成充电电池控制芯片的调制输出引脚接电感的一端；所述负温度系数热敏电阻为锂离子电池温度传感的负温度系数热敏电阻，负温度系数热敏电阻一端接第二电阻和单片集成充电电池控制芯片的NTC电压检测引脚于分压点P2，另一端接单片集成充电电池控制芯片的电源地引脚，负温度系数热敏电阻的本体绝缘部分贴靠在与锂离子电池输出电极连接的导热电路结构上；所述第一电阻为分压点P2的上偏置分压电阻，第一电阻一端接锂离子电池的正极，另一端接第二电阻和单片集成充电电池控制芯片的温度检测设置引脚于节点P1；所述第二电阻为分压点P2的上偏置分压电阻，第二电阻一端接第一电阻和单片集成充电电池控制芯片的温度检测设 置引脚于节点P1，另一端接负温度系数热敏电阻和单片集成充电电池控制芯片的NTC电压检测引脚于分压点P2；所述第三电阻为发光二极管的限流电阻，第三电阻一端接锂离子电池充放电控制电路的V+端，另一端接发光二极管的阳极；所述第四电阻为单片集成充电电池控制芯片的充电电流设置电阻，第四电阻一端接单片集成充电电池控制芯片的充电电流设置引脚，另一端接单片集成充电电池控制芯片的电源地引脚；所述第五电阻为第二电容的充电剩余电能释放限流电阻，第五电阻的一端接单片集成充电电池控制芯片的充余电能释放引脚，另一端接第二电容的正极；所述发光二极管为单片集成充电电池控制芯片的充电工作状态显示发光二极管，发光二极管的阳极接第三电阻的另一端，发光二极管的阴极接单片集成充电电池控制芯片的充电状态输出引脚；所述第一电容为单片集成充电电池控制芯片的充电输出滤波电容和放电输入滤波及补偿电容，第一电容的正极接单片集成充电电池控制芯片的锂离子电池接入引脚，第一电容的负极接单片集成充电电池控制芯片的电源地引脚；所述第二电容为单片集成充电电池控制芯片的充电输入滤波电容和放电输出滤波及补偿电容，第二电容的正极接电感的另一端、单片集成充电电池控制芯片的充电电源接入引脚及锂离子电池充放电控制电路的V+端，第二电容的负极接单片集成充电电池控制芯片的电源地引脚；所述电感为单片集成充电电池控制芯片的输出滤波及补偿电感，电感一端接单片集成充电电池控制芯片的调制输出引脚，另一端接第二电容的正极和锂离子电池充放电控制电路的V+端；所述单片集成充电电池控制芯片的型号为MGS4520A或MGS4520B或MGS4520C。
  9. 一种采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池的控制方法，其中，采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池包括：外封装壳体，以及该外封装壳体内依次压合组装的充放电控制器、正极压接片、锂离子电池、及负极端盖；所述充放电控制器包括：充放电控制器壳体，以及设于充放电控制器壳体内的充放电控制电路焊装体、绝缘垫片、充放电控制器支架；所述充放电控制电路焊装体焊装有锂离子电池充放电控制电路，该锂离子电池充放电控制电路包括：焊装在电路基板上且分别与锂离子电池、正极端盖、及通过充放电控制器壳体和外封装壳体与负极端盖电性连接的锂离子电池充电控制电路、锂离子电池检测电路、及DC-DC降压型稳压放电电路；
    所述通用型充电电池的充电和放电控制方法包括以下控制条件：
    控制条件一，当充电电源接入通用型充电电池后，所述锂离子电池充 放电控制电路检测到接入的充电电压时进入充电状态，在充电状态所述锂离子电池充放电控制电路关闭稳压放电输出并开启对锂离子电池进行充电；
    控制条件二，在充电状态，所述锂离子电池充放电控制电路检测所述锂离子电池的输出电压，并根据所述锂离子电池的输出电压状态选择以涓流充电、恒流充电或恒压充电方式对锂离子电池进行充电，在充电过程中，所述锂离子电池充电控制电路检测充电电源的最大允许输出电流，在充电电源最大允许输出电流小于设定的充电电流值时，以充电电源的最大允许输出电流对锂离子电池进行充电，当恒压充电状态的充电电流降为设定的充满态判定电流时，停止对锂离子电池的充电；
    控制条件三，当充电电源脱离通用型充电电池时，所述锂离子电池充放电控制电路检测到充电电源脱离，将充电过程中滤波电容存储的多余电能释放掉，使通用型充电电池的正负电极间电压快速降至等于或低于最大开路电压并进入放电状态，在放电状态，锂离子电池充放电控制电路关闭充电输出并开启稳压放电，并按控制条件四稳压放电输出；
    控制条件四，在放电状态，所述锂离子电池充放电控制电路检测锂离子电池的输出电压，在锂离子电池输出电压高于低电量电压VL时，将锂离子电池输出电压降为第一输出电压稳压输出；在锂离子电池输出电压高于放电截止电压VD但等于或低于低电量电压VL时，将锂离子电池输出电压降为第二输出电压稳压输出，并在锂离子电池充电后的输出电压高于VL+△V1时，恢复第一输出电压稳压输出；VL为设定的锂离子电池低电量电压，△V1为设定的锂离子电池低电量电压检测门限的回差电压，VD为设定的锂离子电池放电截止电压；
    控制条件五，在放电状态，所述锂离子电池充放电控制电路检测锂离子电池的输出电压，在锂离子电池输出电压降至等于或低于放电截止电压VD时关闭稳压输出，并在锂离子电池充电后的输出电压高于VD+△V2时，按控制条件四恢复稳压输出；△V2为设定的锂离子电池放电截止电压检测门限的回差电压；
    控制条件六，在对通用型充电电池充电过程中，所述锂离子电池充放电控制电路检测锂离子电池的温度，在锂离子电池的温度上升至充电上限温度TCH时停止对锂离子电池充电，并在锂离子电池的温度下降至低于TCH-△T1时再次恢复充电，TCH为设定的锂离子电池充电上限温度，△T1为设定的TCH检测门限的回差电压对应的回差温度；
    控制条件七，在通用型充电电池放电过程中，所述锂离子电池充放电 控制电路检测锂离子电池的温度，在锂离子电池的温度上升至放电上限温度TDH时停止稳压输出，并在锂离子电池的温度下降至低于TDH-△T2时再次恢复稳压输出，TDH为设定的锂离子电池放电上限温度，△T2为设定的TDH检测门限的回差电压对应的回差温度；
    当控制条件一给出充电电源接入通用型充电电池，且控制条件六允许对锂离子电池充电时，按照控制条件二对锂离子电池进行充电，当控制条件六不允许对锂离子电池进行充电时，停止对锂离子电池充电；
    当控制条件三给出通用型充电电池脱离充电电源，且控制条件五和控制条件七均允许锂离子电池放电输出时，按照控制条件四将锂离子电池输出电能降压并稳压输出，当控制条件五或控制条件七其中之一不允许锂离子电池放电输出时关闭稳压输出。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池的控制方法，其中，所述充放电控制器一端设有正极接触点外露于外封装壳体的正极端盖，所述正极接触点作为通用型充电电池的正电极；所述负极端盖一端设有一外露于外封装壳体的负极接触点，所述负极接触点作为通用型充电电池的负电极；所述锂离子电池为外壳负极封装单体锂离子电池、外壳正极封装单体锂离子电池或软包封装单体锂离子电池；所述通用型充电电池为R6充电电池、R03充电电池、R1充电电池或R8D425充电电池；所述通用型充电电池采用计算机USB接口或通用型锂离子电池充电适配器作为充电电源对通用型充电电池充电；所述第一输出电压为1.35V～1.725V，所述第二输出电压为0.9V～1.35V，所述最大开路电压为1.5V～1.725V；优选的，所述第一输出电压为1.5V，所述第二输出电压为1.1V，所述最大开路电压为1.65V。
  11. 如权利要求9所述的采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池的控制方法，其中，所述正极压接片采用具有高弹性恢复率、高导热率和高导电性能的金属材料制造而成，并对其表面进行导电性防氧化处理；所述正极端盖、外封装壳体、负极端盖及充放电控制器壳体均采用具有高导热率、高导电性能的金属材料制造而成，并对其表面进行导电性防氧化处理；所述外封装壳体的成型工艺为采用预制薄壁管材成型，或采用板材滚筒成型，或采用板材卷筒成型；所述充放电控制器壳体的成型工艺为采用预制薄壁管材成型，或采用板材滚筒成型，或采用板材卷筒成型；所述充放电控制器支架采用导光型绝缘材料制造而成，用于安装充放电控制电路焊装体，并将用来显示通用型充电电池充电状态的发光二极管发出的光信号传导至通用型充电电池外部。
  12. 如权利要求9所述的采用锂离子电池构成的通用型充电电池的控制方法，其中，所述充放电控制器结构：采用在充放电控制器壳体内装配充放电控制器支架、充放电控制电路焊装体、绝缘垫片，并将充放电控制器壳体滚边封口后，将充放电控制器壳体褶边焊接在PCB2电路基板的锂离子电池充放电控制电路V-端的敷铜部位构成；所述充放电控制电路焊装体焊装的锂离子电池充放电控制电路结构：采用将焊装有锂离子电池充放电控制电路元器件的PCB1电路基板和PCB2电路基板，通过连接插针焊装为一体，并将正极端盖焊装在PCB1电路基板上，将正极压接片焊装在PCB2电路基板上构成；所述连接插针采用具有高导热率、高导电性能的金属材料制造而成。
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