WO2015029547A1 - 空気電池及び組電池 - Google Patents
空気電池及び組電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015029547A1 WO2015029547A1 PCT/JP2014/065865 JP2014065865W WO2015029547A1 WO 2015029547 A1 WO2015029547 A1 WO 2015029547A1 JP 2014065865 W JP2014065865 W JP 2014065865W WO 2015029547 A1 WO2015029547 A1 WO 2015029547A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- air battery
- negative electrode
- cell frame
- current collecting
- conductive
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/528—Fixed electrical connections, i.e. not intended for disconnection
- H01M50/529—Intercell connections through partitions, e.g. in a battery casing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/04—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type
- H01M12/06—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
- H01M50/102—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by their shape or physical structure
- H01M50/103—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
- H01M50/138—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery adapted for specific cells, e.g. electrochemical cells operating at high temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
- H01M50/172—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing
- H01M50/174—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells
- H01M50/176—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells for prismatic or rectangular cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/253—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders adapted for specific cells, e.g. electrochemical cells operating at high temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/534—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the material of the leads or tabs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/536—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/509—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the type of connection, e.g. mixed connections
- H01M50/51—Connection only in series
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/514—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a current collecting technique of an air battery that uses oxygen in the air as an active material, and more particularly to a structure of an air battery that can connect electrodes of adjacent cells under a low resistance.
- the present invention relates to a battery pack composed of various air batteries.
- An air battery is a battery that uses oxygen in the air as a positive electrode active material and a metal such as aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), or zinc (Zn) as a negative electrode active material.
- a metal such as aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), or zinc (Zn)
- oxygen in the air is used as the positive electrode active material, so the energy density is high, and it is possible to reduce the size and weight, It is expected to be used as a power source for portable devices and further as a driving power source for electric vehicles and the like.
- Patent Document 1 in order to stabilize electrical contact between terminals of adjacent cells and suppress fluctuations in output voltage, a first terminal that conducts to a first electrode of each cell, and a first terminal of each cell.
- One of the second terminals that conduct to the two electrodes and come into contact with the first terminal of the adjacent cell is defined as a flat terminal surface, and the other is defined as a split terminal plate having a spring property that presses against the flat terminal surface.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems in the conventional air battery connection structure, and the object of the present invention is to reduce the current collection loss between the cells, and It is another object of the present invention to provide an air battery suitable for the above and an assembled battery comprising such a battery.
- the inventors of the present invention formed a plurality of through holes at the bottom of the cell frame that accommodates the electrolytic solution, and the negative electrode in the cell frame via the through holes.
- the inventors have found that the above-described object can be achieved by achieving the electrical continuity, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention is based on the above knowledge, and the air electricity of the present invention comprises a bottomed frame-shaped cell frame made of an insulating material containing an electrolytic solution and a negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution in the cell frame.
- a positive electrode disposed opposite to the negative electrode, and a current collecting member electrically connected to the negative electrode, and the negative electrode and the current collecting member are interposed through a plurality of conductive members penetrating the bottom of the cell frame. It is characterized by being connected.
- the assembled battery of the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of the air batteries are stacked.
- the negative electrode is connected to the current collecting member via a plurality of conductive members penetrating the bottom of the cell frame, the current can be taken out by the shortest conductive path, greatly reducing the current collection loss.
- the output performance can be improved.
- FIG. 1 shows 1st and 2nd embodiment of the air battery by this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the laminated structure of the assembled battery which consists of an air battery shown to Fig.1 (a).
- (A)-(d) is process drawing explaining the preparation procedure of a shared component as a manufacturing method of the assembled battery shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the completion state of the assembled battery by the process shown in FIG. (A) And (b) is sectional drawing which shows the example which interposed the sealing material between the cell frame and the current collection member as 3rd and 4th embodiment of the air battery by this invention.
- FIG. 8 is a process diagram for explaining a manufacturing procedure of the integrated cell frame shown in FIG. 7.
- (A) And (b) is process drawing explaining the preparation point of the shared component for assembled batteries using the integrated cell frame shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view for explaining a first embodiment of the air battery of the present invention.
- the air battery 1 shown in the figure includes a positive electrode 2 and a negative electrode 3, and the negative electrode 3 in the vicinity of the bottom.
- the cell frame 5 that accommodates the electrolytic solution 4 and a plurality (four in the figure) of current collecting members 6 are mainly configured.
- the negative electrode 3 is electrically connected to each current collecting member 6 through a conducting member 7 that penetrates the cell frame 5.
- the positive electrode 2 includes a positive electrode catalyst layer formed on the lower surface in the drawing of the etching plate 8 having air permeability through a conductive water repellent layer (not shown), and a cell frame through the electrolytic solution 4. 5 is arranged to face the negative electrode 3 disposed at the bottom of the plate 5.
- the positive electrode 2 uses oxygen as a positive electrode active material, and includes an oxygen redox catalyst and a conductive catalyst carrier that supports the oxygen redox catalyst.
- the catalyst component include conventionally known electrode catalysts for air battery positive electrodes, such as metal oxides such as manganese dioxide and tricobalt tetroxide, platinum (Pt), ruthenium (Ru), iridium (Ir), and rhodium (Rh).
- the shape and size of the catalyst component are not particularly limited, and the same shape and size as those of conventionally known catalyst components can be employed.
- the shape of the catalyst component is preferably granular, and the average particle size of the catalyst particles is preferably 30 nm to 10 ⁇ m.
- the “average particle diameter of the catalyst particles” is measured as the crystal particle diameter obtained from the half-value width of the diffraction peak of the catalyst component in X-ray diffraction or the average value of the particle diameter of the catalyst component examined by a transmission electron microscope image. can do.
- the catalyst carrier functions as a carrier for supporting the catalyst component, and also as an electron conduction path involved in the transfer of electrons between the catalyst component and other members.
- Any catalyst carrier may be used as long as it has a specific surface area for supporting the catalyst component in a desired dispersion state and sufficient electron conductivity, and the main component is preferably carbon.
- Specific examples of the catalyst carrier include carbon particles made of carbon black, activated carbon, coke, natural graphite, artificial graphite, and the like.
- Such carbon particles form aggregate carbon that forms the main skeleton of the layer structure (porous layer structure) and a conductive path in the layer because of its function. It is roughly classified into a conductive path material that is useful for this purpose.
- the aggregate carbon activated carbon, graphite, and scaly graphite are suitable, and these all have a property of retaining an independent particle shape to some extent in the porous layer.
- graphite or scaly graphite since a relatively large number of gaps are easily formed in the porous layer, it is suitable for use as the aggregate carbon of the liquid-tight ventilation layer.
- Examples of the conductive path material include carbon black and acetylene black.
- acetylene black easily adopts the chain structure described above, and the surface exhibits water repellency. It is suitable as.
- the particle diameters of the above-mentioned aggregate carbon and conductive path material are also affected by the air battery used and the target electromotive force, but typically the average particle diameter of the aggregate carbon is 5 to 300 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter of the conductive path material is preferably 50 to 500 nm.
- the average particle diameter of the aggregate carbon is within the above range, the electrical conductivity in the surface direction of the aggregate carbon and the strength of the positive electrode can be increased.
- the average particle diameter of the conductive path material is within the above range, the conductivity in the thickness direction of the porous layer and the gas permeability of the liquid-tight ventilation layer can be increased.
- the average particle diameter (median diameter, D50) of the aggregate carbon and the conductive path material can be obtained by a dynamic light scattering method.
- the amount of the catalyst component supported on the catalyst carrier is preferably 1 to 50% by mass, more preferably 5 to 30% by mass, based on the total amount of the catalyst and the carrier on which the catalyst is supported. When the supported amount of the catalyst component is within such a range, the balance between the degree of dispersion of the catalyst component on the catalyst carrier and the catalyst performance becomes appropriate. It should be noted that the above-described catalyst component and the type of the carrier supporting the catalyst component are not limited to those described above, and it goes without saying that conventionally known materials applicable to air batteries can be used as appropriate. .
- the etching plate 8 is made of, for example, a thin plate of nickel or stainless steel, and is subjected to chemical etching in a masked state, thereby removing a peripheral portion and a position where the current collecting member 6 is joined as will be described later. In addition, those having fine holes of about 0.2 to several mm are used.
- the conductive water-repellent layer has liquid-tightness (water-tightness) with respect to the electrolytic solution and air permeability with respect to oxygen, and enables supply of oxygen to the positive electrode 2, while the electrolytic solution 4 is external. It consists of a water-repellent porous resin such as polyolefin or fluororesin and a conductive powder such as graphite.
- the negative electrode 3 a single metal whose standard electrode potential is lower than that of hydrogen or an alloy containing these metals is used.
- a simple metal include zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), aluminum (Al), and magnesium (Mg).
- the alloy include those obtained by adding one or more metal elements or non-metal elements to these metal elements.
- the material is not limited to these, and a conventionally known material applied to the air battery can be applied.
- an aqueous solution of potassium chloride (KCl), sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium hydroxide (KOH), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), or the like is used, but is not limited thereto.
- KCl potassium chloride
- NaCl sodium chloride
- KOH potassium hydroxide
- NaOH sodium hydroxide
- a conventionally well-known electrolyte applied to the same air battery can be applied.
- the cell frame 5 is a bottomed container having a shallow dish shape made of an insulating material such as resin, and a through hole (through hole) through which the conductive member 7 passes is formed at the bottom.
- a through hole through which the conductive member 7 passes is formed at the bottom.
- the current collecting member 6 is preferably made of a metal that is a conductive material, in particular, a metal having excellent conductivity such as copper or aluminum, and is electrically connected to the negative electrode 3 via the conductive member 7.
- the shortest conductive path can be formed to reduce current collection loss.
- the shape of the current collecting member 6 is not particularly limited, but in this embodiment, a hat-shaped cross section is adopted, and by adopting such a cross section, the shape of the adjacent air battery is reduced. It functions as a spacer between them and can secure a circulation space for air.
- a conductive adhesive is used in this embodiment from the viewpoint of achieving both electrical conductivity between the negative electrode 3 and the current collecting member 6 and strong bonding. As long as it can be integrated with the electric member 6 and can be firmly connected to the negative electrode 3, it is not limited to the conductive adhesive.
- a separator 10 can be disposed between the positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3.
- a separator 4 for example, a glass paper that has not been subjected to a water repellent treatment, or a microporous film made of polyolefin such as polyethylene or polypropylene is used.
- polyolefin such as polyethylene or polypropylene
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of an assembled battery formed by laminating a large number of the air cells 1 of the present invention, and is connected to the negative electrode 3 through the conductive member 7 in the laminated state as shown in the figure.
- the current collecting member 6 is electrically connected to the positive electrode 2 of the lower air battery 1 in the figure. Therefore, cells can be connected in series by the shortest path, and a high-capacity assembled battery with low output loss and high output voltage can be realized. Further, since it is not necessary to apply a pressing force between the cells during current collection, the strength to withstand this is not required, and a reduction in size and weight is possible.
- FIG. 3 is a process diagram showing a manufacturing procedure of common parts used in the repetitive structure portion of the assembled battery shown in FIG.
- a positive electrode (catalyst layer) 2 is formed on the surface of the etching plate 8 via a conductive water repellent layer (not shown).
- the etching plate 8 has a fine ventilation hole in a portion excluding the joining portion between the peripheral portion and the current collecting member 6 by chemically etching a nickel or stainless steel thin plate in which a required portion is masked. It can be obtained by forming.
- the conductive water-repellent layer is formed using a water-repellent resin such as a fluororesin, a conductive carbon such as acetylene black or graphite, and a binder ink in a solvent.
- a water-repellent resin such as a fluororesin
- a conductive carbon such as acetylene black or graphite
- a binder ink in a solvent.
- the catalyst layer ink containing the conductive carbon, the catalyst component, and the binder in a solvent can be used.
- the binder applied to a conventionally well-known air battery can be used suitably.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- PP polypropylene
- PFA tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer
- FEP ethylene / tetrafluoroethylene copolymer
- ETFE ethylene / tetrafluoroethylene copolymer
- the conductive water repellent layer ink is applied to the surface of the etching plate 8 and dried at a temperature of about 80 to 120 ° C., for example, and then the catalyst layer ink is applied thereon and dried in the same manner. Then, for example, by baking at a temperature of about 100 to 350 ° C., the positive electrode 2 is laminated on the etching plate 8 via a conductive water repellent layer.
- the obtained laminate is inverted, and the current collecting member 6 is placed in a predetermined portion of the etching plate 8 (non-vented and non-vented) with the etching plate 8 facing upward.
- the etching plate 8 non-vented and non-vented
- the cell frame 5 having a through hole (through hole) h at a predetermined position is placed on the current collecting member 6 joined on the etching plate 8.
- the conductive adhesive A is applied to the portions of the current collecting member 6 exposed from the through holes h.
- the negative electrode 3 made of zinc, aluminum, or the like is layered on the conductive adhesive A and pressure bonded, so that the adhesive A closes the through hole of the cell frame 5.
- the sealing property of the electrolytic solution is ensured.
- each current collecting member 6 is adhered to the negative electrode 3, and the conductive adhesive A is solidified to become a conductive member 7, and the current collecting member 6 and the negative electrode 3 are electrically connected to each other for an assembled battery.
- the common parts are completed.
- FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the air battery of the present invention.
- the air battery 1 shown in the figure has an adhesive property or a gap between the cell frame 5 and the current collecting member 6.
- a sealing material 11 made of adhesive resin or double-sided tape is interposed, and the sealing performance between the cell frame 5 and the current collecting member 6 can be enhanced.
- FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the air battery of the present invention.
- the current collecting member 6 is integrated with the conducting member 7.
- a material having a T-shaped cross section is used, and a sealing material 11 is arranged between the current collecting member 6 (7) and the cell frame 5.
- the sealing performance can be enhanced and the leakage resistance of the electrolytic solution 4 can be improved.
- FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view showing a structural example in which a conductive double-sided tape 12 is interposed between a negative electrode 3 and a conductive member 7 as a fifth embodiment of the air battery of the present invention. Then, the current collecting member 6 integrated with the conducting member and the negative electrode 3 are electrically connected by the conductive double-sided tape 12. At the same time, the gap between the through-hole of the cell frame 5 and the current collecting member 6 is covered with the double-sided tape 12, and the sealing performance of the electrolyte is ensured.
- FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view for explaining a manufacturing procedure of a common part used in a repetitive structure portion of the assembled battery including the air battery 1 having the above structure.
- a conductive double-sided tape 12 is attached to the inner surface of the bottom of the cell frame 5.
- the front end portion of the current collecting member 6 joined to the upper surface side of the etching plate 8 provided with the positive electrode 2 on the lower surface side in the figure is attached to the conductive double-sided tape 12 through the through hole h of the cell frame 5, and the upper side
- the common parts can be assembled very easily by simply pressing the negative electrode 3 and sticking it to the conductive double-sided tape 12.
- FIG. 7 shows a sixth embodiment of the air battery of the present invention.
- a current collecting member 6 having a substantially cross-shaped cross section also having a function as a conducting member is formed at the bottom by integral molding.
- the embedded cell frame 5 is used, and the negative electrode 3 disposed on the bottom of the cell frame 5 and the current collecting member 6 are electrically connected.
- FIGS. 8A to 8D are process diagrams showing an example of a method for manufacturing the cell frame 5 integrally provided with the current collecting member 6.
- the current collecting member 6 is sandwiched.
- the current collecting members 6 are set between the molds M ⁇ b> 1 and M ⁇ b> 2 in a state where the current collecting members 6 are aligned with the through holes h of the resin sheets S and S. Then, as shown in FIG. 8C, by closing the mold and vacuum forming, the current collecting member integrated cell frame 5 as shown in FIG. 8D is completed.
- FIGS. 9A and 9B are cross-sectional views for explaining a manufacturing procedure of a common part used in a repetitive structure portion of an assembled battery composed of an air battery using the current collecting member-integrated cell frame 5. is there.
- the integrated cell frame 5 obtained in FIG. 8D is reversed, and as shown in FIG. 9A, the current collecting member 6 protruding from the cell frame 5 faces upward,
- the etching plate 8 provided with the positive electrode 2 is placed with the positive electrode 2 facing upward.
- the etching plate 8 provided with the positive electrode 2 is joined to the front-end
- the joined body obtained as described above is inverted, and the negative electrode 3 is accommodated at the bottom of the cell frame 5, and similarly, the negative electrode 3 is irradiated with a laser beam.
- a metal foil 13 can be provided between the conducting member 7 and the negative electrode 3.
- a metal made of noble metal such as copper or stainless steel can be used.
- the negative electrode is consumed and thinned by the progress of the electrode reaction, or dispersed in an island shape. Even if it does, the inconvenience that current collection property is impaired can be avoided.
- the sealing material 11 on the outer peripheral portion of the metal foil 13, thereby improving the sealing performance of the electrolyte solution 4 and further improving the leakage resistance.
- the metal foil 13 and the negative electrode 3 or the conductive member 7 can be joined widely by metallurgical bonding methods such as welding, diffusion bonding, and cladding techniques in addition to the conductive adhesive. can do.
- the metal foil 13 does not necessarily need to be a continuous sheet, and there is no problem even if it is divided into a plurality of pieces.
- FIG. 11 shows a structural example in which the metal foil 13 is disposed between the conducting member 7 and the current collecting member 6, that is, outside the cell frame 5 as an eighth embodiment of the air battery of the present invention.
- FIGS. 3A and 3B after the conductive water repellent layer and the positive electrode (catalyst layer) 2 are formed on the surface of the etching plate 8, the obtained laminate is inverted, With the etching plate 8 facing upward, the current collecting member 6 is joined to a predetermined portion of the etching plate 8 by laser welding or seam welding.
- the cell frame 5 having a through hole at a predetermined position is placed on the current collecting member 6 joined on the etching plate 8.
- the conductive adhesive A is applied to the portions exposed from the through holes.
- the negative electrode 3 and the metal foil 13 are bonded together.
- the joining means of the negative electrode 3 and the metal foil 13 at this time is not particularly limited, and diffusion joining, welding, a clad method, etc. can be applied. Moreover, it can also adhere
- the adhesive 3 of the negative electrode 3 made of zinc or aluminum and the metal foil 13 shown in FIG. It expands into the through-hole of the cell frame 5 to secure the sealing property, and solidifies to become the conductive member 7, and electrically connects the current collecting member 6, the metal foil 13, and the negative electrode 3.
- the shared component for assembled batteries is completed.
- the air battery of the present invention includes a plurality of the current-carrying member 7 or the current collecting member 6 integrated with the current-carrying member 7, and the current-carrying member 7 or the current-collecting member 6 member penetrates the bottom of the cell frame 5. As a result, electrical continuity with the negative electrode 3 is ensured.
- the conducting member 7 or the integrated current collecting member 6 can be a continuous long shape or a short intermittent shape.
- FIG. 14A shows an example of the shape of the through-hole h formed in the cell frame 5 when the long conducting member 7 and the integrated current collecting member 6 are used.
- the through hole h also has a continuous long shape, similar to the above member. In this way, the number of parts is reduced, the process of joining these parts to the etching plate 8 and the process of fitting the cell frame 5 into the through holes h are simplified, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- FIG. 14B shows a shape of the through hole h of the cell frame 5 in the case where the conductive member 7 or the integrated current collecting member 6 having a short shape and intermittent in the longitudinal direction is used.
- these through-holes h are also discontinuous having a short shape similar to that of the member.
- Air battery Positive electrode (Air electrode) DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 Negative electrode 4 Electrolyte 5 Cell frame 6 Current collecting member 7 Conductive member 11 Sealing material 12 Conductive double-sided tape 13 Metal foil
Abstract
Description
このような電池においては、正極活物質として、空気中の酸素を用いることから、電池容器内に正極活物質を備える必要がないため、エネルギー密度が高く、小型化、軽量化が可能であり、携帯機器用電源として、さらには電動車両などの駆動用電源としての利用が期待されている。
例えば、特許文献1には、隣接するセルの端子同士の電気的接触性を安定化させ、出力電圧の変動を抑えるべく、各セルの第1電極に導通する第1端子と、各セルの第2電極に導通し隣接するセルの第1端子と接触する第2端子の一方を平坦端子面とし、他方を上記平坦端子面に圧接するバネ性を有する分割端子板とすることが記載されている。
すなわち、セル間の電気的接続が正極、負極ともにセルの外周部を迂回した経路による構造となっているため、集電パスが長く、集電損失が極めて大きくなるという問題がある。なお、このような問題は、大型の大電力用の電池ほど顕著であり、より深刻なものとなる。
また、本発明の組電池は、上記空気電池を複数個積層して成ることを特徴とするものである。
上記正極2は、図示しない導電性撥水層を介して、通気性を備えたエッチングプレート8の図中下側の面上に形成された正極触媒層を備え、電解液4を介してセルフレーム5の底部に配設された負極3と対向するようになっている。
触媒成分としては、従来公知の空気電池正極用の電極触媒、例えば、二酸化マンガンや四酸化三コバルトなどの金属酸化物や、白金(Pt)、ルテニウム(Ru)、イリジウム(Ir)、ロジウム(Rh)、パラジウム(Pd)、オスミウム(Os)、タングステン(W)、鉛(Pb)、鉄(Fe)、クロム(Cr)、コバルト(Co)、ニッケル(Ni)、マンガン(Mn)、バナジウム(V)、モリブデン(Mo)、ガリウム(Ga)、アルミニウム(Al)等の金属及びその化合物、並びにこれらの合金などから選択することができる。
触媒粒子の平均粒子径がこのような範囲内の値であると、電気化学反応が進行する有効電極面積に関連する触媒利用率と担持の簡便さとのバランスを適切に制御することができる。
なお、「触媒粒子の平均粒子径」は、X線回折における触媒成分の回折ピークの半値幅から求められる結晶粒子径や、透過型電子顕微鏡像によって調べられる触媒成分の粒子径の平均値として測定することができる。
骨材炭素の平均粒子径が上記範囲内であることにより、骨材炭素の面方向の導電性及び正極の強度を高めることが可能となる。また、導電パス材の平均粒子径が上記範囲内であることにより、多孔質層の厚さ方向の導電性や液密通気層のガス透過性を高めることが可能となる。なお、骨材炭素及び導電パス材の平均粒子径(メディアン径、D50)は、動的光散乱法により求めることができる。
なお、上記した触媒成分や、これを担持する担体の種類については、上記したものだけに限定されるものではなく、空気電池に適用される従来公知の材料を適宜使用することができることは言うまでもない。
なお、当該集電部材6の形状としては、特に限定される訳ではないが、この実施形態においては、ハット型断面を採用しており、このような断面とすることによって隣接する空気電池との間のスペーサーとして機能し、空気の流通空間を確保することができる。
このようなセパレータ4としては、例えば、撥水処理を行っていないグラスペーパー、ポリエチレンやポリプロピレン等のポリオレフィンからなる微多孔膜が用いられる。但し、これら材料に限定されるものではなく、空気電池に適用される従来公知のものを適用することができる。
したがって、最短のパスによるセル同士の直列接続が可能になり、集電損失が少なく、出力電圧の高い高容量の組電池を実現することができる。また、集電に際してセル間に押し付け力を加える必要がないため、これに耐える強度が必要なく、小型軽量化が可能になる。
エッチングプレート8は、上記したように、所要部分にマスキングを施したニッケルやステンレス鋼の薄板を化学エッチングすることによって、周辺部と集電部材6との接合部位を除く部分に微細な通気孔を形成することによって得ることができる。
なお、これらインクには、必要に応じて公知の界面活性剤や増粘剤を混合してもよい。
次に、図3(d)に示すように、導電性接着剤Aの上に、亜鉛やアルミニウムなどから成る負極3を重ねて圧着することによって、接着剤Aがセルフレーム5の貫通孔を塞いで、電解液のシール性が確保される。同時に、各集電部材6が負極3にそれぞれ接着され、導電性接着剤Aは固化して導通部材7となって、集電部材6と負極3の間が電気的に接続されて組電池用の共用部品が完成する。
図5(a)は、本発明の空気電池の第3の実施形態を示す断面図であって、図に示す空気電池1は、セルフレーム5と集電部材6との間に、接着性あるいは粘着性樹脂や両面テープなどから成るシール材11を介在させたものであって、セルフレーム5と集電部材6との間のシール性を強化することができる。
図6(a)は、本発明の空気電池の第5の実施形態として、負極3と導通部材7との間に導電性両面テープ12を介在させた構造例を示す断面図であって、ここでは、導通部材と一体化された集電部材6と負極3の間が導電性両面テープ12によって電気的に接続されている。同時に、セルフレーム5の貫通孔と集電部材6の間の隙間が両面テープ12によって覆われ、電解液のシール性が確保されている。
図に示すように、まず、セルフレーム5の底部内面側に、導電性両面テープ12を貼り付ける。そして、図中下面側に正極2を備えたエッチングプレート8の上面側に接合された集電部材6の先端部をセルフレーム5の貫通孔hを通して導電性両面テープ12に貼り付けると共に、上方側から負極3を押し当てて導電性両面テープ12に貼り付けるだけで、極めて簡単に共用部品を組み立てることができる。
図7は、本発明の空気電池の第6の実施形態を示すものであって、ここでは、一体成型によって、導通部材としての機能も備えた略十字型断面をなす集電部材6が底部に埋め込まれたセルフレーム5が使用され、その底部に配設された負極3と上記集電部材6とが電気的に接続されている。
まず、図8(a)に示すように、所定位置に貫通孔hを備えた上下2枚の樹脂シートS、Sを用意し、これら樹脂シートS、Sの間に複数(図では4個)の集電部材6を挟み込む。
そして、図8(c)に示すように、型を閉じて真空成型することにより、図8(d)に示すような集電部材一体型のセルフレーム5が完成する。
そして、上方側からレーザビームを照射することによって、正極2を備えたエッチングプレート8をそれぞれの集電部材6の先端に接合する。この接合は、集電部材6の間隔に応じて設定されたエッチングプレート8の非通気性部分(マスキング部位)において行われる。
このような共用部品を多数積層することによって、図4に示したものと同様に、集電損失が少なく、出力電圧が高く、高容量で、耐漏液性に優れた軽量の組電池を得ることができる。
金属箔13としては、例えば銅やステンレス鋼など、負極金属より貴な金属から成るものを用いることができ、これによって、電極反応の進行によって負極が消耗して薄くなったり、島状に分散したりしたとしても、集電性が損なわれるような不都合を回避することができる。
なお、金属箔13と負極3や導通部材7(一体型集電部材6)との間の接合は、導電性接着剤の他、溶接、拡散接合、クラッド手法など冶金的な接合方法を広く適用することができる。また、金属箔13は、必ずしも連続した1枚のものである必要なく、複数に分割されていても支障はない。
このような構造を採用することによって、電極反応の進行に応じて、負極が消耗して薄くなったり島状に分散したりした場合に面内の集電抵抗の分布が緩和され、集電抵抗の悪化が低減できる。また、金属箔部外周にシール層を設けることにより、電解液のシール性を向上させることができる。
すなわち、図3(a)、(b)に示したように、エッチングプレート8の表面に、導電性撥水層と正極(触媒層)2を形成したのち、得られた積層体を反転させ、エッチングプレート8を上側にした状態で、集電部材6をエッチングプレート8の所定部位にレーザ溶接やシーム溶接などによって接合する。
一方、図12(b)に示すように、負極3と金属箔13とを接合しておく。このときの負極3と金属箔13との接合手段としては、特に限定されることはなく、拡散接合、溶接、クラッド手法などを適用することができる。また、導電性接着剤を用いて接着することもできる。
これによって、図12(c)に示すように、組電池用の共用部品が完成する。
これら導通部材7、あるいは一体化集電部材6については、連続した長尺状のものとすることも、短い断続形状のものとすること可能である。
このようにすれば、部品点数が少なくなり、これら部品のエッチングプレート8への接合工程や、セルフレーム5の貫通孔hへの嵌合工程が簡略化され、製造コストを抑えることができる。
このような不連続状の導通部材7や一体化集電部材6を用いることによって、電池内部に温度変化が生じたとしても、セルフレーム5との熱膨張差による熱応力を緩和することができ、セルフレーム5の変形や、これによる破損を未然に防止することができる。
2 正極(空気極)
3 負極
4 電解液
5 セルフレーム
6 集電部材
7 導通部材
11 シール材
12 導電性両面テープ
13 金属箔
Claims (11)
- 電解液と負極を収納した絶縁性材料から成る有底枠状のセルフレームと、該セルフレーム内の電解液を介して上記負極と対向配置された正極と、上記負極と電気的に接続された集電部材を備えた空気電池において、
上記負極と集電部材とが上記セルフレームの底部を貫通する複数の導通部材を介して接続されていることを特徴とする空気電池。 - 上記集電部材が隣接する空気電池との間に通気空間を形成するスペーサーとして機能することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の空気電池。
- 上記導通部材がセルフレームと一体成形されていることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の空気電池。
- 上記セルフレームと集電部材の間にシール材を備えていることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1つの項に記載の空気電池。
- 上記負極と導通部材との間が導電性両面テープによって接続されていることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1つの項に記載の空気電池。
- 上記負極と導通部材との間に金属箔を備えていることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1つの項に記載の空気電池。
- 上記集電部材と導通部材の間に金属箔を備えていることを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか1つの項に記載の空気電池。
- 上記集電部材が導通部材と一体化され両者の機能を兼ね備えていることを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか1つの項に記載の空気電池。
- 上記導通部材及び該導通部材が貫通するセルフレーム底部の貫通孔が共に連続した長尺状をなしていることを特徴とする請求項1~8のいずれか1つの項に記載の空気電池。
- 上記導通部材及び該導通部材が貫通するセルフレーム底部の貫通孔が共に断続した短尺状をなしていることを特徴とする請求項1~8のいずれか1つの項に記載の空気電池。
- 請求項1~10のいずれか1つの項に記載の空気電池を積層して成ることを特徴とする組電池。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP14839229.3A EP3041082B1 (en) | 2013-08-26 | 2014-06-16 | Air battery and battery pack |
JP2015534043A JP6119865B2 (ja) | 2013-08-26 | 2014-06-16 | 空気電池及び組電池 |
US14/911,395 US10164237B2 (en) | 2013-08-26 | 2014-06-16 | Air battery cell with electrically conductive members and battery pack |
CN201480045750.9A CN105474457B (zh) | 2013-08-26 | 2014-06-16 | 空气电池及电池组 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013174852 | 2013-08-26 | ||
JP2013-174852 | 2013-08-26 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2015029547A1 true WO2015029547A1 (ja) | 2015-03-05 |
Family
ID=52586126
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2014/065865 WO2015029547A1 (ja) | 2013-08-26 | 2014-06-16 | 空気電池及び組電池 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10164237B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3041082B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6119865B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN105474457B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2015029547A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3018396A1 (fr) * | 2014-03-04 | 2015-09-11 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de fabrication d'une cellule electrochimique elementaire a electrode a gaz du type metal-gaz et cellule associee |
WO2018056307A1 (ja) * | 2016-09-20 | 2018-03-29 | マクセルホールディングス株式会社 | 空気電池およびパッチ |
DE102016223187B3 (de) * | 2016-11-23 | 2018-03-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Batterie umfassend eine erste Batteriezelle und eine zweite Batteriezelle und Verfahren zum elektrischen Kontaktieren einer ersten Batteriezelle mit einer zweiten Batteriezelle zum Zusammenbauen einer Batterie |
DE102016223194B4 (de) * | 2016-11-23 | 2018-07-26 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Batteriezelle umfassend mindestens eine galvanische Zelle, Batterie und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Batteriezelle |
US10964925B2 (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2021-03-30 | International Business Machines Corporation | Hermetial via seal for thin film battery |
CN112615013A (zh) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-06 | 桂林理工大学 | 一种液态金属@碳纳米管锂空气电池正极及其制备方法 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS61284072A (ja) * | 1985-06-07 | 1986-12-15 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 空気ボタン電池 |
JPH0785899A (ja) | 1993-09-20 | 1995-03-31 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 積層型電池 |
JP2008541398A (ja) * | 2005-05-17 | 2008-11-20 | ザ ジレット カンパニー | ウェーハアルカリ電池 |
JP2010186727A (ja) * | 2009-01-15 | 2010-08-26 | Tohoku Tsushin Kogyo Kk | 空気電池 |
JP2013201122A (ja) * | 2012-02-22 | 2013-10-03 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 空気電池 |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5439758A (en) * | 1992-10-02 | 1995-08-08 | Voltek, Inc. | Electrochemical power generating system |
US7776468B2 (en) | 2004-03-18 | 2010-08-17 | The Gillette Company | Wafer alkaline cell |
US7531271B2 (en) | 2004-03-18 | 2009-05-12 | The Gillette Company | Wafer alkaline cell |
US7413828B2 (en) | 2004-03-18 | 2008-08-19 | The Gillette Company | Wafer alkaline cell |
JP6020896B2 (ja) * | 2011-09-15 | 2016-11-02 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 組電池 |
GB2496110A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2013-05-08 | Univ St Andrews | Electrochemical Cell |
JP6011799B2 (ja) * | 2012-01-27 | 2016-10-19 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 組電池 |
-
2014
- 2014-06-16 EP EP14839229.3A patent/EP3041082B1/en active Active
- 2014-06-16 US US14/911,395 patent/US10164237B2/en active Active
- 2014-06-16 WO PCT/JP2014/065865 patent/WO2015029547A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2014-06-16 CN CN201480045750.9A patent/CN105474457B/zh active Active
- 2014-06-16 JP JP2015534043A patent/JP6119865B2/ja active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS61284072A (ja) * | 1985-06-07 | 1986-12-15 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 空気ボタン電池 |
JPH0785899A (ja) | 1993-09-20 | 1995-03-31 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 積層型電池 |
JP2008541398A (ja) * | 2005-05-17 | 2008-11-20 | ザ ジレット カンパニー | ウェーハアルカリ電池 |
JP2010186727A (ja) * | 2009-01-15 | 2010-08-26 | Tohoku Tsushin Kogyo Kk | 空気電池 |
JP2013201122A (ja) * | 2012-02-22 | 2013-10-03 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 空気電池 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP3041082A4 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN105474457B (zh) | 2018-04-06 |
EP3041082A1 (en) | 2016-07-06 |
CN105474457A (zh) | 2016-04-06 |
EP3041082A4 (en) | 2016-08-17 |
US20160190668A1 (en) | 2016-06-30 |
JPWO2015029547A1 (ja) | 2017-03-02 |
US10164237B2 (en) | 2018-12-25 |
JP6119865B2 (ja) | 2017-05-10 |
EP3041082B1 (en) | 2018-02-21 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6119865B2 (ja) | 空気電池及び組電池 | |
US10177426B2 (en) | Air battery | |
TWI470866B (zh) | A positive electrode for air battery and a method for manufacturing the same | |
JP2007095669A (ja) | 電解質膜−電極接合体 | |
JP6156637B2 (ja) | 空気電池及びその製造方法 | |
JP2018113182A (ja) | 空気極、金属空気電池、燃料電池及び空気極の製造方法 | |
JP4475866B2 (ja) | 燃料電池 | |
US11302974B2 (en) | Electrode structure, air cell, and air cell stack | |
JP6299247B2 (ja) | 空気電池用ユニット及び空気電池 | |
WO2017187888A1 (ja) | リチウム空気電池の負極複合体構造 | |
JP2014089893A (ja) | 燃料電池 | |
CN103797626A (zh) | 高容量气体扩散电极 | |
JP5408375B1 (ja) | 空気電池用電極及び該空気電池用電極を用いた空気電池モジュール | |
US10651445B2 (en) | Electrode with cellulose acetate separator system | |
JP2015171668A (ja) | 気体透過シート | |
WO2004047211A1 (fr) | Ensemble electrode a membrane pour piles a combustible et son procede de fabrication | |
JP6347321B2 (ja) | 負極構造体、これを用いた空気電池、及び負極構造体の製造方法 | |
JP6344079B2 (ja) | 金属空気電池用負極及び金属空気電池 | |
JP2018190538A (ja) | 全固体電池 | |
JP2005019146A (ja) | 空気電池 | |
JP2019129022A (ja) | 空気極、空気極の製造方法、及び金属空気電池 | |
JP2008103134A (ja) | 空気電池 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 201480045750.9 Country of ref document: CN |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 14839229 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2015534043 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 14911395 Country of ref document: US |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
REEP | Request for entry into the european phase |
Ref document number: 2014839229 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2014839229 Country of ref document: EP |