WO2015029355A1 - ペンタシル型ゼオライト及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
ペンタシル型ゼオライト及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015029355A1 WO2015029355A1 PCT/JP2014/004177 JP2014004177W WO2015029355A1 WO 2015029355 A1 WO2015029355 A1 WO 2015029355A1 JP 2014004177 W JP2014004177 W JP 2014004177W WO 2015029355 A1 WO2015029355 A1 WO 2015029355A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pentasil
- type zeolite
- sio
- less
- alkali metal
- Prior art date
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- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 232
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 223
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 215
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- -1 tetrabutylphosphonium cations Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 152
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BJQWBACJIAKDTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylphosphanium Chemical compound CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC BJQWBACJIAKDTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 61
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 33
- CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetralin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCCCC2=C1 CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 28
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 23
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 15
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 12
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 11
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 11
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 10
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000011973 solid acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 5
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 4
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000705939 Shortia uniflora Species 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- OCKPCBLVNKHBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 OCKPCBLVNKHBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004231 fluid catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PQNFLJBBNBOBRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCCC2=C1 PQNFLJBBNBOBRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 2
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- DFQPZDGUFQJANM-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylphosphanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DFQPZDGUFQJANM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJFZHHMRQSCUAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].C1CCCC2=CC=CC=C12 Chemical compound [C].C1CCCC2=CC=CC=C12 SJFZHHMRQSCUAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000010210 aluminium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium isopropoxide Chemical compound [Al+3].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-] SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007233 catalytic pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004993 emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylammonium Chemical compound CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKHXQBLJXBGEKF-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylphosphanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC RKHXQBLJXBGEKF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IBWGNZVCJVLSHB-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC IBWGNZVCJVLSHB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BGQMOFGZRJUORO-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapropylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC BGQMOFGZRJUORO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/40—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11, as exemplified by patent documents US3702886, GB1334243 and US3709979, respectively
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/82—Phosphates
- B01J29/84—Aluminophosphates containing other elements, e.g. metals, boron
- B01J29/85—Silicoaluminophosphates [SAPO compounds]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/20—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state
- B01J35/23—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state in a colloidal state
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/40—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- C07C2529/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pentasil-type zeolite. More specifically, the present invention relates to a pentasil-type zeolite having a high catalytic activity.
- a pentasil-type zeolite having a large BET specific surface area has been investigated because high activity as a catalyst, high yield, and long life, and high adsorption and ion exchange rate as an adsorbent or ion exchanger can be expected.
- the pentasil-type zeolite having a large BET specific surface area microcrystalline pentasil-type zeolite or thin-layered pentasil-type zeolite has been studied.
- Patent Document 1 As a microcrystalline pentasil-type zeolite, a BET specific surface area of 412.5 m 2 / g obtained from a starting mixture having a SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 molar ratio of 350, an acid amount by an ammonia-TPD method of 0.24 mmol / g ZSM-5 has been reported (Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 2 reports a microcrystalline pentasil-type zeolite having a SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 molar ratio of 15 and a BET specific surface area of 415 m 2 / g.
- Non-patent Document 1 As a thin-layered pentasil-type zeolite, synthesized using an organic surfactant having two ammonium functional groups, the SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 molar ratio is 96, the BET specific surface area is 520 m 2 / g, In addition, an MFI-type zeolite composed of a multilayer lamellar body having a solid acid amount of 0.31 mmol / g by ammonia-TPD method has been reported (Non-patent Document 1).
- Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a single-layer lamella body having a SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 molar ratio of 106, a BET specific surface area of 710 m 2 / g, and a solid acid amount by an ammonia-TPD method of 0.33 mmol / g. The following MFI type zeolite has been reported.
- Non-patent Document 2 a thin-layered pentasil-type zeolite obtained from a starting mixture containing tetrabutylphosphonium hydroxide and having a SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 molar ratio of 150 or more is disclosed (Non-patent Document 2).
- the pentasil-type zeolite was in a form having a repeating structure in which a thin-layered pentasil-type zeolite having a layer thickness of about 2 nm was orthogonal.
- each of the pentasil-type zeolites of Patent Documents 1 and 2 has been made finer, that is, the particle diameter is reduced three-dimensionally in order to increase the BET specific surface area.
- the particles become unstable, such as causing strong aggregation of the particles, so it was difficult to make the BET specific surface area 420 m 2 / g or more.
- the thin-layered pentasil-type zeolite has a higher BET specific surface area.
- the pentasil-type zeolite of Non-Patent Document 1 has a high BET specific surface area, it has a low acid amount while having an appropriate SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 molar ratio. Furthermore, since the pentasil-type zeolite of Non-Patent Document 2 has a high SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 molar ratio, the acid amount is low. In addition, in the production method of Non-Patent Document 2, a pentasil-type zeolite having a low SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 molar ratio could not be obtained.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a pentasil-type zeolite having a higher BET specific surface area and a higher acid amount than before, and a method for producing the same.
- a pentasil-type zeolite having both a higher BET specific surface area and a higher acid amount than conventional ones was studied.
- an inexpensive structure directing agent is used compared to the conventional structure directing agent for obtaining a thin-layered pentasil-type zeolite, and the raw material mixture having a specific composition is crystallized to have a high acid amount.
- a thin layered pentasil-type zeolite can be obtained.
- such a thin-layered pentasil-type zeolite can be an aromatic hydrocarbon production catalyst superior to conventional pentasil-type zeolites.
- the gist of the present invention is as follows.
- [1] A pentasil-type zeolite having a BET specific surface area of 450 m 2 / g or more and an acid amount by an ammonia-TPD method of 0.38 mmol / g or more.
- [2] The pentasil-type zeolite as described in [1] above, wherein the pore volume is 0.60 mL / g or less.
- [3] The pentasil-type zeolite as described in [1] or [2] above, wherein the molar ratio of silica to alumina is less than 150.
- a method for producing a pentasil-type zeolite having a crystallization step of crystallizing a mixture containing a tetrabutylphosphonium cation, a silica source, an alumina source, an alkali metal source and water, the alkali metal with respect to silica in the mixture The method for producing a pentasil-type zeolite according to any one of the above [1] to [10], wherein the molar ratio of the source is more than 0.04 and less than 0.10.
- Example 1 Scanning electron microscope observation of the crystallized pentasil-type zeolite obtained in Example 1 (scale is 300 nm in the figure) Transmission electron microscope observation of the crystallized pentasil-type zeolite obtained in Example 4 X-ray powder diffraction pattern of the pentasil-type zeolite of this example obtained in Example 5 27 Al-NMR spectrum of the pentasil-type zeolite of this example obtained in Example 5
- the pentasil-type zeolite of this embodiment relates to a pentasil-type zeolite.
- the pentasil-type zeolite is a zeolite containing a combination of oxygen five-membered rings.
- a structure code defined by the International Zeolite Society (hereinafter referred to as “IZA”) can include at least one selected from the group of MFI, MEL, and these intergrowth crystals.
- More specific pentasil-type zeolites include at least one selected from the group consisting of ZSM-5, silicalite-1, ZSM-11, silicalite-2, and their continuous crystals.
- the pentasil-type zeolite of this embodiment is a pentasil-type aluminosilicate, and preferred pentasil-type zeolites include at least one of ZSM-5 and ZSM-5-containing intergrowth crystals, and ZSM-5.
- the crystal phase of the pentasil-type zeolite is as follows: Collection of simulated XRD powder patterns for zeolites, Fifth revised edition, p. 483 (2007) pattern of powder X-ray diffraction (hereinafter referred to as “XRD”), or the IZDA structure committee website (http://www.iza-structure.org/databases/) This can be identified by comparison with at least one of the XRD patterns described in The Pentasil Family of Zeolite Frameworks.
- XRD powder X-ray diffraction
- the BET specific surface area (BET) of the pentasil-type zeolite of the present embodiment is 450 m 2 / g or more, preferably 500 m 2 / g or more, more preferably 510 m 2 / g or more (BET ⁇ 450 m 2 / G, preferably BET ⁇ 500 m 2 / g, more preferably BET ⁇ 510 m 2 / g).
- the pentasil-type zeolite of this embodiment has a high catalytic activity, a high aromatic hydrocarbon selectivity, and a high coking resistance by having an acid amount described later and having a BET specific surface area of 450 m 2 / g or more. It becomes a catalyst.
- BET specific surface area of the pentasil type zeolite of the present embodiment is 800 m 2 / g or less (BET ⁇ 800m 2 / g) , more 700 meters 2 / g or less (BET ⁇ 700m 2 / g) , or even 600 meters 2 / g or less (BET ⁇ 600 m 2 / g).
- the pentasil-type zeolite of the present embodiment has an acid amount (a, hereinafter, also simply referred to as “acid amount”) by an ammonia-TPD method of 0.38 mmol / g or more, and 0.40 mmol / g or more.
- acid amount 0.42 mmol / g or more is more preferable, 0.45 mmol / g or more is further preferable, and 0.50 mmol / g or more is even more preferable (a ⁇ 0.38 mmol / g, preferably a ⁇ 0.40 mmol / g).
- the pentasil-type zeolite of the present embodiment has a high catalytic activity and has a particularly high aromatic hydrocarbon selectivity. The higher the acid amount, the higher the selectivity of aromatic hydrocarbons.
- the acid amount of the pentasil-type zeolite of this embodiment is 1.0 mmol / g or less (a ⁇ 1.0 mmol / g), and further 0 .60 mmol / g or less (a ⁇ 0.60 mmol / g).
- the pentasil-type zeolite of this embodiment is Preferably, it has a BET specific surface area of 500 m 2 / g or more and 600 m 2 / g or less and an acid amount of 0.40 mmol / g or more and 0.60 mmol / g or less (500 m 2 / g ⁇ BET ⁇ 600 m 2 / g and 0.40 mmol / g ⁇ a ⁇ 0.60 mmol / g), More preferably, it has a BET specific surface area of 500 m 2 / g or more and 600 m 2 / g or less and an acid amount of 0.45 mmol / g or more and 0.60 mmol / g or less (500 m 2 / g ⁇ BET ⁇ 600 m 2 / g and 0.45 mmol / g ⁇ a ⁇ 0.60 mmol / g), More preferably, it has a BET specific surface area of
- the acid amount is a value measured by an ammonia-TPD method according to “Solid acid property measurement by ammonia temperature programmed desorption method, catalyst, vol. 42, p. 218 (2000)”. That is, the acid amount in this embodiment is preferably a value obtained by measuring the amount of ammonia desorbed at 100 to 700 ° C. from pentasil-type zeolite in which ammonia is saturatedly adsorbed at room temperature. Specifically, ammonia is saturatedly adsorbed on a sample at room temperature, heated to 100 ° C. to remove ammonia remaining in the measurement atmosphere, and then heated up to 700 ° C. at a heating rate of 10 ° C./min. The amount of ammonia measured in step 1 is used as the solid acid amount. The ammonia amount may be measured using a TCD detector.
- the pentasil-type zeolite of this embodiment preferably has a pore volume (pv) of 0.60 mL / g or less, more preferably 0.55 mL / g or less, and even more preferably 0.50 mL / g or less. More preferably (pv ⁇ 0.60 mL / g, more preferably pv ⁇ 0.55 mL / g, still more preferably pv ⁇ 0.50 mL / g).
- the pore volume is within this range, the filling property of the pentasil-type zeolite of the present embodiment tends to be high.
- the operability (handling) tends to be easy, for example, the strength of the pentasil-type zeolite powder of the present embodiment and the molded body obtained by molding the same.
- the pore volume is preferably a value obtained from a nitrogen adsorption isotherm obtained by a relative pressure method. More preferably, the pore volume can be obtained from a value obtained by multiplying the nitrogen adsorption amount of 77K and the relative pressure p / p0 of 0.96 by the conversion factor (0 ⁇ 00156).
- the pentasil-type zeolite of this embodiment may have mesopores.
- the mesopores have a larger pore diameter than the pore diameter of the pores present in the crystals of pentasil-type zeolite.
- the mesopore volume (mpv) of the pentasil-type zeolite of the present embodiment is, for example, 0.5 mL / g or less, preferably 0.4 mL / g or less (mpv ⁇ 0.5 mL / g, preferably mpv ⁇ 0. 4 mL / g).
- the mesopore volume is 0.05 mL / g or more (mpv ⁇ 0.05 mL / g), further 0.1 mL / g or more (mpv ⁇ 0.1 mL / g), or even 0.15 mL / g or more.
- mesopores are pores having a pore diameter of 2 to 50 nm as defined by IUPAC.
- the mesopores are preferably values determined from a nitrogen desorption isotherm obtained by a relative pressure method.
- the mesopore volume in the present embodiment is a value determined by the BJH method from a desorption isotherm of nitrogen of 77K and a pressure range of 0.38 or more and 0.96 or less at a relative pressure p / p0. preferable.
- the pentasil-type zeolite of this embodiment has the above-described acid amount. Therefore, the molar ratio of silica to alumina of the pentasil-type zeolite of the present embodiment (hereinafter referred to as “SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 ratio”) is, for example, less than 150 (SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 ratio ⁇ 150). It becomes. The acid amount tends to increase as the SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 ratio decreases.
- the SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 ratio of the pentasil-type zeolite of the present embodiment is preferably less than 110, less than 100, more preferably 95 or less, and even more preferably 90 or less (preferably SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 ratio ⁇ 110, more preferably SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 ratio ⁇ 100, still more preferably SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 ratio ⁇ 95, even more preferably SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 ratio ⁇ 90 ).
- tetracoordinated aluminum hereinafter referred to as “4-coordinated Al”
- hexacoordinated aluminum hereinafter referred to as “6-coordinated Al”.
- the molar ratio of tetracoordinated Al to the total of tetracoordinated Al and hexacoordinated Al (hereinafter referred to as “4-coordinated Al ratio”) is 90% or more. More preferably, it is more preferably 95% or more (preferably tetracoordinate Al ratio ⁇ 90%, more preferably tetracoordinate Al ratio ⁇ 95%). Since the tetracoordinate Al ratio is the ratio of tetracoordinate Al in the aluminum in the crystal, the value is 100% or less (4-coordinate Al ratio ⁇ 100%).
- the tetracoordinate Al ratio is a value obtained from the following equation.
- Tetracoordinate Al ratio (%) ⁇ 4-coordinate Al / (4-coordinate Al + 6-coordinate Al) ⁇ ⁇ 100
- tetracoordinate Al is the area of a peak having a peak at 55 ⁇ 5 ppm in 27 Al-NMR
- hexacoordinate Al is the area of a peak having a peak at 0 ⁇ 5 ppm in 27 Al-NMR.
- the pentasil-type zeolite of this embodiment may contain phosphorus derived from the raw material. Therefore, the molar ratio of phosphorus to silicon and aluminum in the pentasil-type zeolite of the present embodiment (hereinafter referred to as “P / (Si + Al) ratio”) is preferably 0.0005 or more, and more preferably 0.001 or more. Further, it is more preferably 0.002 or more (preferably P / (Si + Al) ratio ⁇ 0.0005, more preferably P / (Si + Al) ratio ⁇ 0.0001, still more preferably P / (Si + Al). Ratio ⁇ 0.0005).
- the P / (Si + Al) ratio of the pentasil-type zeolite of this embodiment is 0.05 or less (P / (Si + Al) ratio ⁇ 0.05), and further 0.045 or less (P / (Si + Al) ratio ⁇ 0.045). ). Furthermore, when the P / (Si + Al) ratio is 0.01 or less (P / (Si + Al) ratio ⁇ 0.01), the aromatic hydrocarbon selectivity tends to be higher.
- the pentasil-type zeolite of this embodiment may have an alkali metal.
- the molar ratio of the alkali metal to aluminum of the pentasil-type zeolite of the present embodiment (hereinafter referred to as “M / Al ratio”) is 0.5 or less (M / Al ratio ⁇ 0.5). Further, 0.4 or less (M / Al ratio ⁇ 0.4), further 0.35 or less (M / Al ratio ⁇ 0.35), or even 0.2 or less (M / Al ratio). Al ratio ⁇ 0.2).
- the alkali metal include at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and cesium. The alkali metal is preferably at least one of sodium and potassium.
- the pentasil-type zeolite of the present embodiment has a primary particle shape of, for example, a thin layer, and a thickness of 10 nm or less.
- such thin layered primary particles are aggregated to form secondary particles having an aggregate diameter of 0.3 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the primary particles are randomly aggregated, that is, the primary particles are aggregated without regularity. Due to such agglomeration without regularity of primary particles, the pentasil-type zeolite of the present embodiment becomes secondary particles having non-regular mesopores between primary particles. This is considered to facilitate the diffusion of aromatic hydrocarbons between mesopores.
- silica sources such as mesoporous silica
- organic surfactant having a plurality of ammonium functional groups as SDA.
- SDA organic surfactant having a plurality of ammonium functional groups
- the pentasil-type zeolite of the present embodiment can be used as a catalyst, for example, a hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst.
- the pentasil-type zeolite of the present embodiment can be used as a synthesis catalyst for alkenes having 2 to 4 carbon atoms or a synthesis catalyst for aromatic hydrocarbons.
- the pentasil-type zeolite of the present embodiment is preferably used as a synthesis catalyst for monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
- the monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is a hydrocarbon containing a benzene ring other than the condensed benzene ring.
- Preferred monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are aromatic hydrocarbons composed of at least one of benzene and alkylbenzene, and further aromatic hydrocarbons composed of at least one of benzene and alkylbenzene, each having 6 to 9 carbon atoms.
- Alkylbenzene is a hydrocarbon composed of a benzene ring having at least one of an alkyl group and a cycloalkyl group.
- More preferable monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons include at least one selected from the group consisting of benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, styrene, butylbenzene and indane.
- the raw material compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, dimethyl ether, ethylene, and alkenes having 4 or more carbon atoms. Can be mentioned.
- examples of the raw material compound include at least one selected from the group of alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, light oils, and cracked gasolines.
- examples of the alkane include at least one selected from the group consisting of methane, ethane, propane, butane, and pentane.
- examples of the alkene include at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propylene, butene, and pentene.
- the alcohol include at least one of methanol and ethanol.
- Examples of light oil include at least one selected from the group consisting of cracked light oil, crude light oil, light light oil, and hydrocracked light oil. The cracked light oil, crude light oil, light light oil, and hydrocracked light oil may contain tetralin.
- catalytic reaction occurs by bringing vaporized cracked light oil into contact with the pentasil-type zeolite of the present embodiment. Thereby, an aromatic hydrocarbon can be obtained.
- the manufacturing method of the pentasil-type zeolite of this embodiment is demonstrated. It is difficult to control the crystallization behavior of a pentasil-type zeolite having a high acid amount. Therefore, in the conventional method for producing a pentasil-type zeolite, a pentasil-type zeolite having a high BET specific surface area and a high acid amount has not been obtained. On the other hand, the present inventor has found that the alkali metal greatly affects the crystallization behavior of the pentasil-type zeolite in the raw material mixture.
- the production of a pentasil-type zeolite having both a high BET specific surface area and a high acid amount can be obtained by controlling the amount of alkali metal in the presence of tetrabutylsulfonium cation and alkali metal.
- the inventors have found a method.
- the production method is a method for producing a pentasil-type zeolite having a crystallization step of crystallizing a mixture containing a tetrabutylphosphonium cation, a silica source, an alumina source, an alkali metal source and water, wherein the silica in the mixture
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a pentasil-type zeolite, wherein the molar ratio of alkali metal to is more than 0.04 and less than 0.10.
- a mixture containing a tetrabutylsulfonium cation hereinafter referred to as “TPB”), a silica source, an alumina source, an alkali metal source and water (hereinafter referred to as “raw material mixture”).
- TBP tetrabutylsulfonium cation
- silica source e.g., silica source
- alumina source e.g., silica source
- alkali metal source and water hereinafter referred to as “raw material mixture”.
- the molar ratio of TBP to silica in the raw material mixture (hereinafter referred to as “TBP / SiO 2 ratio”) is 0.04 or more and 0.3 or less. More preferably 0.1 or more and 0.25 or less (preferably 0.04 ⁇ TBP / SiO 2 ratio ⁇ 0.3, more preferably 0.1 ⁇ TBP / SiO 2 ratio ⁇ 0.25).
- TBP has low combustion heat. Therefore, even when TBP is removed by calcination from the pentasil-type zeolite obtained in the crystallization process, the thermal load on the zeolite framework, especially the change from 4-coordinated Al to 6-coordinated Al accompanying TBP combustion. In other words, so-called dealumination is unlikely to occur. Thereby, the acid amount of the pentasil-type zeolite obtained by the manufacturing method of this embodiment tends to become higher. Furthermore, TBP does not have the effect of enlarging mesopores unlike an organic surfactant having a plurality of ammonium functional groups, so the pore volume does not become too large. TBP is also preferable as a structure directing agent for obtaining a pentasil-type zeolite having an appropriate pore volume.
- TBP is preferably contained in the raw material mixture as a compound containing TBP (hereinafter referred to as “TBP source”).
- TBP source tetrabutylphosphonium hydroxide (hereinafter referred to as “TBPOH”), tetrabutylphosphonium chloride (hereinafter referred to as “TBPCl”), and tetrabutylphosphonium bromide (hereinafter referred to as “TBPBr”).
- TBPOH tetrabutylphosphonium hydroxide
- TBPCl tetrabutylphosphonium chloride
- TBPBr tetrabutylphosphonium bromide
- a structure directing agent other than TBP for example, tetrapropylammonium cation (hereinafter referred to as “TPA”), tetrabutylammonium cation (hereinafter referred to as “TBA”), and others. It is not necessary to include any one or more organic surfactants having a plurality of ammonium functional groups, and it is preferable not to include them.
- a thin layered pentasil-type zeolite having not only a BET specific surface area but also a high acid amount can be obtained.
- the molar ratio of alkali metal to silica in the raw material mixture (hereinafter referred to as “M / SiO 2 ratio”, where M is an alkali metal) exceeds 0.04 and is less than 0.1 (0.04 ⁇ M / SiO 2 ratio ⁇ 0.1).
- M / SiO 2 ratio is 0.04 or less, it is difficult to obtain the pentasil-type zeolite having the acid amount of the present embodiment.
- a pentasil type zeolite with a high acid amount unlike a pentasil type zeolite with a high acid amount, a pentasil type zeolite with a low acid amount is easy to crystallize. Therefore, even when a pentasil-type zeolite is obtained by crystallization of a raw material mixture having an M / SiO 2 ratio of 0.04 or less, the molar ratio of silica to alumina (SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 ratio) is It is a pentasil-type zeolite that is as high as 150 or more and has a low acid amount.
- the M / SiO 2 ratio in the raw material mixture is preferably 0.045 or more, more preferably 0.05 or more (preferably M / SiO 2 ratio ⁇ 0.045, more preferably M / SiO 2 ratio ⁇ 0.05).
- the M / SiO 2 ratio may be 0.8 or less (M / SiO 2 ratio ⁇ 0.8), and further 0.65 or less (M / SiO 2 ratio ⁇ 0.65).
- the alkali metal in the raw material mixture tends to grow the primary particles of the crystallized pentasil-type zeolite three-dimensionally.
- the M / SiO 2 ratio is 0.045 or more and 0.8 or less (0.045 ⁇ M / SiO 2 ratio ⁇ 0.8), or even 0.045 or more, By being 0.65 or less (0.045 ⁇ M / SiO 2 ratio ⁇ 0.65), the three-dimensional growth of primary particles of the pentasil-type zeolite is suppressed, and a thin-layered pentasil-type zeolite is obtained.
- alkali metal examples include at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and cesium.
- the alkali metal is preferably at least one of sodium and potassium, more preferably sodium.
- the alkali metal source is a compound containing an alkali metal, and is at least one selected from the group consisting of hydroxide, chloride, bromide, sulfide, and silicate containing an alkali metal, and further a hydroxide containing an alkali metal. Can be illustrated. Further, when the alkali metal is sodium, the sodium source is a compound containing sodium (Na), and the compound containing sodium (Na) is sodium hydroxide, sodium chloride, sodium bromide, sodium sulfate, sodium silicate. , Sodium aluminate, and at least one selected from the group of sodium contained as a counter cation of other components.
- the potassium source is a compound containing potassium (K)
- the compound containing potassium (K) is potassium hydroxide, potassium chloride, potassium bromide, potassium sulfate, potassium silicate, or aluminum.
- Examples include at least one selected from the group consisting of potassium acid and potassium contained as a counter cation of other components.
- the raw material mixture includes a silica source, an alumina source, and water in addition to TBP and an alkali metal source.
- the pentasil-type zeolite of the present embodiment is obtained. Therefore, the raw material mixture should just contain a TBP source, an alkali metal source, a silica source, an alumina source, and water, and it is preferable not to contain an additional component.
- an additional component at least 1 sort (s) of alcohol chosen from the group of methanol, ethanol, and a propanol can be mentioned.
- the silica source is a compound containing silicon (Si), and includes at least one selected from the group consisting of tetraethoxylane, silica sol, fumed silica, precipitated silica, amorphous silicic acid, and amorphous aluminosilicate. it can. Since it is suitable for industrial production, the silica source is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of silica sol, fumed silica, precipitated silica, amorphous silicic acid, and amorphous aluminosilicate. Furthermore, the silica source is preferably silica other than mesoporous silica. Examples of mesoporous silica include at least one selected from the group consisting of MCM-41, MCM-48, FSM-16, and SBA-15.
- the alumina source is a compound containing aluminum (Al), and can be exemplified by at least one selected from the group consisting of aluminum isopropoxide, aluminum sulfate, aluminum chloride, aluminum hydroxide, pseudoboehmite, alumina sol, and amorphous aluminosilicate. . Since it is suitable for industrial production, the alumina source is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of aluminum sulfate, aluminum chloride, aluminum hydroxide, pseudoboehmite, alumina sol, and amorphous aluminosilicate.
- the composition of the raw material mixture can include any composition as long as it contains TBP and satisfies the above M / SiO 2 ratio.
- the following composition A can be mentioned as a preferable composition of a raw material mixture, and the following composition B can be mentioned as a still more preferable composition.
- Composition A SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 40 or more and 200 or less (40 ⁇ SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 ⁇ 200) TBP / SiO 2 0.04 or more and 0.3 or less (0.04 ⁇ TBP / SiO 2 ⁇ 0.3) SO 4 / SiO 2 0 or more and 0.1 or less (0 ⁇ SO 4 / SiO 2 ⁇ 0.1) OH / SiO 2 0.05 or more, 0.5 or less (0.05 ⁇ OH / SiO 2 ⁇ 0.5) H 2 O / SiO 2 5 or more, 40 or less (5 ⁇ H 2 O / SiO 2 ⁇ 40) More than M / SiO 2 0.04 and less than 0.1 (0.04 ⁇ M / SiO 2 ⁇ 0.1)
- Composition B SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 50 or more and 150 or less, further 60 or more and 150 or less (50 ⁇ SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 ⁇ 150, more preferably 60 ⁇ SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3
- the raw material mixture is crystallized. Thereby, the raw material mixture is converted into a pentasil-type zeolite.
- the conditions are arbitrary, but the temperature can be 40 ° C. or higher and 200 ° C. or lower, and further 90 ° C. or higher and 140 ° C. or lower can be treated for an arbitrary time. .
- the treatment time may be a time sufficient for crystallization, for example, 24 hours or more and 240 hours or less, preferably 50 hours or more and 90 hours or less.
- the washing step the pentasil-type zeolite obtained in the crystallization step is solid-liquid separated to obtain a crystallized product as a solid phase.
- the washing method is arbitrary, and the crystallized product may be washed with pure water.
- the drying step the pentasil-type zeolite obtained as crystals is dried. Examples of the drying method include treatment at 100 to 200 ° C. in the air.
- TBP removal step TBP is removed.
- the pentasil-type zeolite is obtained in a state containing TBP.
- TBP-containing pentasil-type zeolite can be appropriately removed from such a TBP-containing pentasil-type zeolite (hereinafter referred to as “TBP-containing pentasil-type zeolite”).
- TBP removal method include firing or decomposition.
- the pentasil-type zeolite after removal of TBP by calcination or decomposition may be washed again. Thereby, the remaining P and Na can be reduced or removed.
- a method for the re-washing there may be mentioned mixing at least one selected from the group consisting of water, aqueous ammonium chloride solution, dilute hydrochloric acid, dilute sulfuric acid, and dilute nitric acid with pentasil-type zeolite after removing TBP. What is necessary is just to wash
- the present embodiment it is possible to provide a pentasil-type zeolite having a higher BET specific surface area and a higher acid amount than the conventional one, and a method for producing the same.
- the pentasil-type zeolite of this embodiment has a large BET specific surface area and a large amount of solid acid. Therefore, high activity, high yield and long life when used as a catalyst and high adsorption / ion exchange rate when used as an adsorbent / ion exchanger can be expected. Furthermore, since the pentasil-type zeolite of the present embodiment has an appropriate pore volume, it can be a catalyst with excellent operability (handling) and high packing properties.
- the pentasil-type zeolite of this embodiment can be used as a synthesis catalyst for aromatic hydrocarbons having high yield and high selectivity, and further as a synthesis catalyst for monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
- the pentasil-type zeolite of this embodiment is a catalyst for producing an alkene having 2 to 4 carbon atoms such as propylene from a lower hydrocarbon having 1 to 5 carbon atoms such as ethanol, ethylene, methanol, dimethyl ether, etc., fluid catalytic cracking
- a catalyst for producing an alkene having 2 to 4 carbon atoms such as propylene from a lower hydrocarbon having 1 to 5 carbon atoms such as ethanol, ethylene, methanol, dimethyl ether, etc.
- fluid catalytic cracking When used as an additive catalyst for increasing production of propylene and a catalyst for catalytic cracking of naphtha, it can be expected to be a catalyst with high activity, high yield and long life.
- each measuring method in an Example and a comparative example is as follows.
- the sample was observed by scanning electron microscope (hereinafter “SEM”) observation or transmission electron microscope (hereinafter “TEM”) observation.
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- composition analysis The composition analysis was performed by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (ICP method). A sample was dissolved in a mixed solution of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid to prepare a measurement solution. Using a general inductively coupled plasma optical emission analyzer (trade name: OPTIMA 3000 DV, manufactured by PERKIN ELMER), the obtained measurement solution was measured to analyze the composition of the sample.
- ICP method inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry
- the BET specific surface area of the sample was determined by measurement according to JIS8830. For the measurement, a general specific surface area measuring device (trade name: Flowsorb III, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) was used. As a pretreatment, the sample was held at 400 ° C. for 2 hours. The BET specific surface area was measured for the pretreated sample.
- the total pore volume was measured by nitrogen adsorption isotherm measurement.
- a general adsorption amount measuring apparatus (trade name: Bell Soap 28SA, manufactured by Nippon Bell) was used.
- the sample was held at 350 ° C. for 2 hours.
- the nitrogen adsorption isotherm was measured for the pretreated sample.
- the measurement conditions are as follows.
- the mesopore volume was measured by nitrogen adsorption isotherm measurement.
- a general adsorption amount measuring device (trade name: Bell Soap 28SA, manufactured by Nippon Bell) was used for the measurement.
- the sample was held at 350 ° C. for 2 hours.
- a nitrogen desorption isotherm was measured for the pretreated sample.
- the obtained NMR pattern regards the area of the peak having an apex at 55 ⁇ 5 ppm as 4-coordinated Al, and the area of the peak having an apex at 0 ⁇ 5 ppm as 6-coordinated Al.
- the solid acid amount of the sample was measured by the ammonia-TPD method.
- a sample of 0.1 g was allowed to stand under a flow of helium at 500 ° C., and this was pretreated.
- a mixed gas containing 10% by volume of ammonia and 90% by volume of helium was circulated at room temperature, and ammonia was saturatedly adsorbed on the sample.
- the sample was heated to 100 ° C. while flowing the helium gas instead of the mixed gas.
- helium gas was circulated at 100 ° C. for 1 hour to remove ammonia remaining in the atmosphere.
- the temperature was raised to 700 ° C. at a heating rate of 10 ° C./min under a helium flow at a flow rate of 50 mL / min.
- the amount of ammonia measured in the temperature rising process was The amount of ammonia adsorbed on the sample was used.
- the amount of ammonia adsorbed per unit mass of the sample was defined as the amount of solid acid (mmol / g).
- Example 1 Sodium silicate aqueous solution and sulfuric acid were mixed to obtain granular amorphous silicic acid.
- the obtained raw material mixture was filled in a stainless steel reaction vessel and sealed. Thereafter, the reaction vessel was heated to 130 ° C. while revolving at 55 rpm. After the heating, the raw material mixture was crystallized by maintaining the revolution at 130 ° C. for 72 hours while maintaining the revolution to obtain a crystallization slurry. The crystallized slurry was cooled, filtered, washed and dried at 110 ° C. to obtain a crystallized product.
- the crystallized product was a pentasil-type zeolite and contained no structure other than the pentasil structure.
- the pentasil-type zeolite formed secondary particles composed of aggregates in which thin layer crystals (primary particles) were aggregated.
- the particle diameter of the secondary particles was 0.4 ⁇ m.
- there was substantially no peak between 2 ⁇ 1.0 to 3.0 (the same applies to the XRD patterns of the crystallized products obtained in other examples). ).
- FIG. 1 shows the XRD pattern for identifying the crystal phase of the crystallized product
- FIG. 2 shows the SEM observation diagram.
- the obtained pentasil-type zeolite was calcined in air at 550 ° C. to obtain the pentasil-type zeolite of Example 1.
- the pentasil-type zeolite of Example 1 had a pore volume of 0.47 mL / g.
- the evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, crystallization, cooling, filtration, washing, drying, and firing were performed to obtain a pentasil-type zeolite. The obtained pentasil-type zeolite and 2 L of pure water were mixed at 70 ° C., filtered and dried to obtain the pentasil-type zeolite of Example 2. The pentasil-type zeolite of Example 2 had a pore volume of 0.47 mL / g. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- the obtained granular amorphous aluminosilicate, 40% TBPOH aqueous solution, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, and pure water were mixed to obtain a raw material mixture having the following composition.
- This raw material mixture was crystallized, cooled, filtered, washed and dried in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a crystallized product.
- the crystallized product was a pentasil-type zeolite and contained no other structure.
- the pentasil type zeolite obtained in Example 3 was calcined at 550 ° C. in air.
- the pentasil-type zeolite of Example 3 had a pore volume of 0.45 mL / g.
- the evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 4 Amorphous silicic acid was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. The obtained granular amorphous silicic acid, aluminum sulfate, 40% TBPOH aqueous solution, sodium hydroxide, and pure water were mixed to obtain a raw material mixture having the following composition.
- This raw material mixture was crystallized, cooled, filtered, washed and dried in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a crystallized product.
- the crystallized product was a zeolite having a pentasil structure and contained no other structure. A TEM observation of the crystallized product is shown in FIG.
- the obtained zeolite was calcined in air at 550 ° C. to obtain the pentasil-type zeolite of Example 4.
- the pore volume of the pentasil-type zeolite of Example 4 was 0.46 mL / g, and the mesopore volume was 0.37 mL / g.
- the evaluation results of the pentasil-type zeolite of Example 4 are shown in Table 1.
- Example 5 In the same manner as in Example 4, crystallization, cooling, filtration, washing, drying, and firing were performed to obtain a pentasil-type zeolite. The obtained pentasil-type zeolite and 2 L of pure water were mixed at 70 ° C., filtered and dried to obtain the pentasil-type zeolite of Example 5.
- the pore volume of the pentasil-type zeolite of Example 5 was 0.44 mL / g.
- the evaluation results are shown in Table 1, the crystal phase identification results are shown in FIG. 4, and the 27 Al-NMR spectrum is shown in FIG.
- the pentasil-type zeolite of Example 5 is a pentasil-type zeolite, and regular primary particle aggregation was not confirmed.
- the tetracoordinated Al ratio is 97%, and most of the aluminum in the crystal is tetracoordinated Al. Furthermore, even after passing through a post-process such as removal of SDA, It was confirmed that almost no detachment of aluminum occurred.
- Example 6 Amorphous silicic acid was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. The obtained granular amorphous silicic acid, aluminum sulfate, 40% TBPOH aqueous solution, sodium hydroxide, and pure water were mixed to obtain a raw material mixture having the following composition.
- This raw material mixture was crystallized, cooled, filtered, washed and dried in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a crystallized product.
- the crystallized product was a zeolite having a pentasil structure and contained no other structure.
- the obtained zeolite was calcined in air at 550 ° C. to obtain the pentasil-type zeolite of Example 6.
- the pore volume of the pentasil-type zeolite of Example 6 was 0.44 mL / g.
- the evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- the granular amorphous aluminosilicate was ion-exchanged with potassium in the granular amorphous aluminosilicate by adding to and mixing with a 10% KCl aqueous solution.
- the raw material mixture was crystallized in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the reaction temperature was 120 ° C. and the time was 160 hours, and then cooled, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain a crystallized product.
- the crystallized product was a pentasil-type zeolite and contained no other structure.
- the obtained pentasil-type zeolite was calcined at 550 ° C. in the air.
- the pentasil-type zeolite after calcination was mixed with 2 L of pure water at 70 ° C., filtered and dried to obtain the pentasil-type zeolite of Example 7.
- the pore volume of the pentasil-type zeolite of Example 7 was 0.39 mL / g, and the mesopore volume was 0.18 mL / g.
- the evaluation results of the pentasil-type zeolite of Example 7 are shown in Table 1.
- a pentasil-type zeolite was synthesized. That is, tetraethoxysilane (Tokyo Kasei), aluminum sulfate, 40% TBPOH aqueous solution, sodium hydroxide, and pure water were mixed to obtain a raw material mixture having the following composition.
- the obtained raw material mixture was filled in a stainless steel reaction vessel and sealed. Then, it heated until it became 115 degreeC with the said reaction container standing still. After heating, the raw material mixture was crystallized by holding it at 115 ° C. for 72 hours to obtain a crystallization slurry.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the obtained crystallization slurry was cooled, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain a crystallized product.
- the crystallized product was a pentasil-type zeolite and contained no other structure.
- the pentasil type zeolite of Comparative Example 1 was obtained by calcining the pentasil type zeolite in air at 550 ° C.
- the evaluation results of the pentasil-type zeolite of Comparative Example 1 are shown in Table 1.
- the pentasil-type zeolite of Comparative Example 1 was secondary particles having an aggregate particle diameter of 200 nm or less. Therefore, compared with the pentasil-type zeolite of the examples, the time required for filtration and washing was long, and the operability was poor.
- the obtained raw material mixture was heated, cooled, filtered, washed, and dried in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 to obtain a powdery substance.
- the XRD pattern of the obtained powdery substance was a broad component alone and did not show a clear peak. It was confirmed that the obtained powdery substance was amorphous.
- This raw material mixture was crystallized, cooled, filtered, washed and dried in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a powdery substance.
- the XRD pattern of the powdery material was only a broad XRD peak. It was confirmed that the powdery substance obtained from this was amorphous.
- Comparative Example 4 Amorphous silicic acid was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. The obtained granular amorphous silicic acid, aluminum sulfate, 40% TBPOH aqueous solution, sodium hydroxide, and pure water were mixed to obtain a raw material mixture having the following composition.
- a powdery substance was obtained by crystallization, cooling, filtration, washing, and drying in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the revolution was maintained and maintained at 130 ° C. for 120 hours.
- the XRD pattern of the powdery material was only a broad XRD peak. It was confirmed that the powdery substance obtained from this was amorphous.
- This raw material mixture was crystallized, cooled, filtered, washed and dried in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a crystallized product.
- the crystallized product was a pentasil-type zeolite and contained no other structure.
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the pentasil-type zeolite of Comparative Example 5.
- the raw material mixture was crystallized by standing at 180 ° C. for 24 hours. After crystallization, cooling, filtration, washing, and drying were performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a crystallized product.
- the crystallized product was a pentasil-type zeolite and contained no other structure.
- the obtained pentasil-type zeolite was calcined at 550 ° C. in the air, further mixed with 2 L of 10% ammonium chloride at 70 ° C., filtered, dried and further calcined at 500 ° C. to obtain the pentasil-type zeolite of Comparative Example 6. did.
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the pentasil-type zeolite of Comparative Example 6.
- Comparative Example 7 Amorphous silicic acid was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. The obtained granular amorphous silicic acid, aluminum sulfate, 40% TBPOH aqueous solution, sodium hydroxide, and pure water were mixed to obtain a raw material mixture having the following composition.
- the obtained raw material mixture was filled in a stainless steel reaction vessel and sealed. Then, it heated until it became 130 degreeC with the said reaction container standing still. After heating, the raw material mixture was crystallized by holding it at 130 ° C. for 72 hours to obtain a crystallization slurry.
- Example 7 In the same manner as in Example 1, the obtained crystallization slurry was cooled, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain a crystallized product.
- the crystallized product was a pentasil-type zeolite and contained no other structure.
- the obtained pentasil-type zeolite and 2 L of pure water were mixed at 70 ° C., filtered and dried to obtain the pentasil-type zeolite of Comparative Example 7.
- the pentasil-type zeolite obtained in these examples has a BET specific surface area of 450 m 2 / g or more, and Examples 1 to 5 and 7 have a high value of 500 m 2 / g or more, and the acid amount is 0.1. It was 4 mmol / g or more, and had a high BET specific surface area and an acid amount.
- the powdery sample was pressurized at 400 kgf / cm 2 for 1 minute to obtain an aggregate.
- the obtained aggregate was pulverized into pellets having a diameter of 1 mm, and this was used as an evaluation catalyst.
- the tetralin is converted to a monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon having 6 to 9 carbon atoms (hereinafter referred to as “C 6-9 ”) by flowing a raw material gas through the evaluation catalyst so that the tetralin flowing through the evaluation catalyst is constant. ).
- Evaluation conditions are shown below.
- Raw material gas flow rate: tetralin weight / catalyst weight 0.0354 / hour
- reaction gas 1 Analyzing the raw material gas and the gas after the evaluation catalyst flow (hereinafter referred to as “reaction gas 1”) by gas chromatography equipped with a hydrogen flame detector (FID) (device name: GC-14A, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) did. From the obtained analytical results, the conversion rate of tetralin was determined from the following formula (1), and the yield of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was determined from the following formula (2).
- FID hydrogen flame detector
- TC ⁇ 1- (ET / IT) ⁇ ⁇ 100 (1)
- TC is the conversion rate (%) of tetralin
- IT is the number of tetralin carbons (mol / min) in the source gas
- ET is the number of tetralin carbons (mol / min) in the reaction gas 1 .
- CA EA / IT ⁇ 100 (2)
- CA is the yield of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons having 6 to 9 carbon atoms (hereinafter referred to as C 6-9 ), and EA is the number of carbon atoms of C 6-9 in the reaction gas 1 ( mol / min) and IT are the tetralin carbon number (mol / min) in the raw material gas.
- the pentasil-type zeolite of Example 5 had a higher conversion rate of tetralin than Comparative Examples 6 and 7, and it was confirmed that the pentasil-type zeolite of the present invention more efficiently converts tetralin to C 6-9 . Furthermore, it was confirmed that the pentasil type zeolite of Example 5 had a high yield of C 6-9 , and the target aromatic hydrocarbon could be obtained more efficiently.
- all of the pentasil-type zeolites of the examples had a pore volume of 0.60 mL / g or less, more preferably 0.50 mL / g or less, and had an appropriate pore volume. Therefore, with respect to the catalyst of Example 5, no phenomenon such as collapse of the catalyst was observed during catalyst evaluation, and it was confirmed that the pentasil-type zeolite of the present invention was easy to handle.
- the powdery sample was pressurized at 400 kgf / cm 2 for 1 minute to obtain an aggregate.
- the obtained aggregate was pulverized into pellets having a diameter of 1 mm, and this was used as an evaluation catalyst.
- Ethanol was converted to C 2-4 by flowing a raw material gas through the evaluation catalyst so that the ethanol flowing through the evaluation catalyst was constant. Evaluation conditions are shown below.
- Raw material gas flow rate: ethanol weight / catalyst weight 4 / hour
- reaction gas 2 Gas chromatography (equipment name: GC-14A, manufactured by Shimadzu Corp.) equipped with a hydrogen flame detector (FID) was used after 20 minutes of flow of the raw material gas and the evaluated catalyst (hereinafter referred to as “reaction gas 2”). Analyzed with From the analytical results obtained, the ethanol conversion was determined from the following formula (3), and the yield of C 2-4 was determined from the following formula (4).
- EtC ⁇ 1- (EEt / IEt) ⁇ ⁇ 100 (3)
- EtC is the ethanol conversion (%)
- IEt is the number of ethanol carbons (mol / min) in the raw material gas
- EEt is the number of ethanol carbons (mol / min) in the reaction gas 2 .
- CO EO / IEt ⁇ 100 (4)
- CO is the yield of C 2-4
- EO is the carbon number of C 2-4 in the reaction gas 2 (mol / min)
- IEt is the number of ethanol carbons in the raw gas (mol / min). Min).
- the pentasil-type zeolite of Example 5 had an ethanol conversion rate of 100% and exhibited a high ethanol conversion rate. Furthermore, the yield of C 2-4 was 97%, and it was confirmed that most of ethanol was converted to C 2-4 . From this result, it was confirmed that the pentasil-type zeolite of the present invention is not only an aromatic hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst, but also an ethanol conversion catalyst, and further a synthesis catalyst for lower alkene from ethanol.
- the pentasil-type zeolite of the present invention can be used as a catalyst, an adsorbent / ion exchanger, and the like.
- the pentasil-type zeolite of the present invention can be used particularly as an aromatic hydrocarbon production catalyst or an aromatic hydrocarbon selection catalyst used for the production of aromatic hydrocarbons.
- it is used as a catalyst for the synthesis of alkenes having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, for example, a catalyst for the production of propylene made from alcohol such as ethanol containing bioethanol, or a catalyst for the production of propylene made from dimethyl ether or ethylene. can do.
- it can be used as an additive catalyst for increasing propylene production by fluid catalytic cracking, a catalyst for catalytic cracking of naphtha, a catalyst for producing liquid fuel by catalytic pyrolysis of biomass, and the like.
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Abstract
Description
しかしながら、非特許文献1のペンタシル型ゼオライトはBET比表面積が高いが、適度なSiO2/Al2O3モル比を有しながらも、酸量が低いものであった。さらに、非特許文献2のペンタシル型ゼオライトは、高いSiO2/Al2O3モル比を有しているため酸量が低い。なおかつ、非特許文献2の製造方法では、低いSiO2/Al2O3モル比のペンタシル型ゼオライトが得られなかった。
[1] BET比表面積が450m2/g以上であり、なおかつ、アンモニア-TPD法による酸量が0.38mmol/g以上であることを特徴とするペンタシル型ゼオライト。
[2] 細孔容積が0.60mL/g以下であることを特徴とする上記[1]に記載のペンタシル型ゼオライト。
[3] アルミナに対するシリカのモル比が150未満であることを特徴とする上記[1]又は[2]に記載のペンタシル型ゼオライト。
[4] 結晶中の4配位のアルミニウムと6配位のアルミニウムとの合計に対する4配位のアルミニウムのモル比が90%以上であることを特徴とする上記[1]乃至[3]のいずれか一項に記載のペンタシル型ゼオライト。
[5] アルカリ金属を有し、アルミニウムに対するアルカリ金属のモル比が0.5以下であることを特徴とする上記[1]乃至[4]のいずれか一項に記載のペンタシル型ゼオライト。
[6] 一次粒子が規則的な凝集をしていないことを特徴とする上記[1]乃至[5]のいずれか一項に記載のペンタシル型ゼオライト。
[7] 二次粒子の凝集径が0.3~50μmであることを特徴とする上記[1]乃至[6]のいずれか一項に記載のペンタシル型ゼオライト。
[8] リンを含有することを特徴とする上記[1]乃至[7]のいずれか一項に記載のペンタシル型ゼオライト。
[9] シリコン及びアルミニウムに対するリンのモル比が0.0005以上であることを特徴とする上記[8]に記載のペンタシル型ゼオライト。
[10] アンモニア-TPD法による酸量が0.45mmol/g以上である上記[1]乃至[9]のいずれか一項に記載のペンタシル型ゼオライト。
[11] テトラブチルホスホニウムカチオン、シリカ源、アルミナ源、アルカリ金属源及び水を含有する混合物を結晶化させる結晶化工程を有するペンタシル型ゼオライトの製造方法であって、前記混合物中のシリカに対するアルカリ金属源のモル比が0.04を超え0.10未満であることを特徴とする上記[1]乃至[10]のいずれか一項に記載のペンタシル型ゼオライトの製造方法。
[12] 前記混合物中のシリカに対するテトラブチルスルホニウムカチオンのモル比が0.04以上、0.3以下であることを特徴とする上記[11]に記載の製造方法。
[13] 前記混合物が、以下のモル組成を有することを特徴とする上記[11]又は[12]に記載の製造方法。
SiO2/Al2O3 40以上、200以下
TBP/SiO2 0.04以上、0.3以下
SO4/SiO2 0以上、0.1以下
OH/SiO2 0.05以上、0.5以下
H2O/SiO2 5以上、40以下
M/SiO2 0.04を超え、0.1未満
(TBPはテトラブチルホスホニウムカチオン、及び、Mはアルカリ金属である)
[14] 上記[1]乃至[10]のいずれか一項に記載のペンタシル型ゼオライトを含む触媒。
[15] 上記[1]乃至[10]のいずれか一項に記載のペンタシル型ゼオライトを含む触媒を使用することを特徴とする芳香族炭化水素の製造方法。
本実施形態は、ペンタシル型ゼオライトに係る。ペンタシル型ゼオライトとは、酸素5員環の組合せを含むゼオライトである。ペンタシル型ゼオライトとして、国際ゼオライト学会(以下、「IZA」とする。)が規定する構造コードでMFI、MEL及びこれらの連晶体の群からなる少なくとも1種を挙げることができる。より具体的なペンタシル型ゼオライトとして、ZSM-5、シリカライト-1、ZSM-11、シリカライト-2、及びこれらの連晶体の群から選ばれる少なくとも1種を挙げることができる。本実施形態のペンタシル型ゼオライトはペンタシル型アルミノシリケートであり、好ましいペンタシル型ゼオライトとして、ZSM-5及びZSM-5を含む連晶体の少なくともいずれか、更にはZSM-5を挙げることができる。
また、本実施形態のペンタシル型ゼオライトは、
好適には、500m2/g以上600m2/g以下のBET比表面積を有し、且つ0.40mmol/g以上0.60mmol/g以下の酸量を有し(500m2/g≦BET≦600m2/g、且つ0.40mmol/g≦a≦0.60mmol/g)、
更に好適には、500m2/g以上600m2/g以下のBET比表面積を有し、且つ0.45mmol/g以上0.60mmol/g以下の酸量を有し(500m2/g≦BET≦600m2/g、且つ0.45mmol/g≦a≦0.60mmol/g)、
また更に好適には、510m2/g以上600m2/g以下のBET比表面積を有し、且つ0.50mmol/g以上0.60mmol/g以下の酸量を有する(510m2/g≦BET≦600m2/g、且つ0.50mmol/g≦a≦0.60mmol/g)。
4配位Al比(%)= {4配位Al/(4配位Al+6配位Al)}×100
上記式において4配位Alは27Al-NMRにおける55±5ppmに頂点を有するピークの面積、及び、6配位Alは27Al-NMRにおける0±5ppmに頂点を有するピークの面積である。
そのため、本実施形態のペンタシル型ゼオライトのシリコン及びアルミニウムに対するリンのモル比(以下、「P/(Si+Al)比」とする。)は0.0005以上であることが好ましく、更には0.001以上、また更には0.002以上であることがより好ましい(好ましくはP/(Si+Al)比≧0.0005、より好ましくはP/(Si+Al)比≧0.0001、更に好ましくはP/(Si+Al)比≧0.0005)。本実施形態のペンタシル型ゼオライトのP/(Si+Al)比は、0.05以下(P/(Si+Al)比≦0.05)、更には0.045以下(P/(Si+Al)比≦0.045)を挙げることができる。さらに、P/(Si+Al)比が0.01以下(P/(Si+Al)比≦0.01)であることで、芳香族炭化水素選択性がより高くなる傾向がある。
本実施形態のペンタシル型ゼオライトを触媒として使用する場合、これと原料化合物とを任意の方法によって接触させればよい。
高い酸量を有するペンタシル型ゼオライトは、その結晶化挙動の制御が困難である。そのため、従来のペンタシル型ゼオライトの製造方法では、高いBET比表面積及び高い酸量を兼備したペンタシル型ゼオライトは得られていなかった。これに対し、本発明者は、原料となる混合物において、アルカリ金属がペンタシル型ゼオライトの結晶化挙動に大きく影響することを見出した。さらには、原料中のアルカリ金属に着目し、テトラブチルスルホニウムカチオンとアルカリ金属の共存下でアルカリ金属量を制御することによって、高いBET比表面積及び高い酸量を兼備するペンタシル型ゼオライトが得られる製造方法を、本発明者らは見出した。
組成A:
SiO2/Al2O3 40以上、200以下(40≦SiO2/Al2O3≦200)
TBP/SiO2 0.04以上、0.3以下(0.04≦TBP/SiO2≦0.3)
SO4/SiO2 0以上、0.1以下(0≦SO4/SiO2≦0.1)
OH/SiO2 0.05以上、0.5以下(0.05≦OH/SiO2≦0.5) H2O/SiO2 5以上、40以下(5≦H2O/SiO2≦40)
M/SiO2 0.04を超え、0.1未満(0.04<M/SiO2<0.1)
組成B:
SiO2/Al2O3 50以上、150以下、更には60以上、150以下(50≦SiO2/Al2O3≦150、より好ましくは60≦SiO2/Al2O3≦150)
TBP/SiO2 0.1以上、0.25以下(0.1≦TBP/SiO2≦0.25)
SO4/SiO2 0.02以上、0.05以下(0.02≦SO4/SiO2≦0.05)
OH/SiO2 0.15以上、0.2以下(0.15≦OH/SiO2≦0.2)
H2O/SiO2 5以上、15以下(5≦H2O/SiO2≦15)
M/SiO2 0.04を超え、0.1未満、更には0.05以上、0.8以下(0.04<M/SiO2<0.1、より好ましくは0.05≦M/SiO2≦0.8)
なお、上記の組成は各成分のモル組成である。
洗浄工程において、結晶化工程において得られたペンタシル型ゼオライトを固液分離し、結晶化物を固相として得る。洗浄方法は任意であり、結晶化物を純水で洗浄すればよい。
乾燥工程では、結晶として得られたペンタシル型ゼオライトを乾燥する。乾燥方法は、大気中、100~200℃で処理することが挙げられる。
TBP除去工程では、TBPを除去する。結晶化工程では、ペンタシル型ゼオライトは、TBPを含有した状態で得られる。このようなTBPを含有したペンタシル型ゼオライト(以下、「TBP含有ペンタシル型ゼオライト」とする。)から、適宜、TBPを除去することができる。TBPの除去方法は、焼成、又は分解が例示できる。焼成によりTBPを除去する場合、含酸素ガス流通下で、400~800℃、更には500~700℃、0.5~12時間、TBP含有ペンタシル型ゼオライトを処理することが挙げられる。
さらに、本実施形態のペンタシル型ゼオライトは適度な細孔容積を有するため、操作性(ハンドリング)に優れ、また、充填性が高い触媒とすることができる。
本実施形態のペンタシル型ゼオライトは、高い収率及び高い選択性を有する芳香族炭化水素の合成触媒、更には単環芳香族炭化水素の合成触媒として使用することができる。さらに、本実施形態のペンタシル型ゼオライトはエタノール、エチレン、メタノール、ジメチルエーテルなどの炭素数が1~5の低級炭化水素から、プロピレン等の炭素数が2~4のアルケンを製造する触媒、流動接触分解でのプロピレン増産用のアディティブ用の触媒、ナフサの接触分解用の触媒などとして利用した場合、高活性、高収率、高寿命な触媒となることが期待できる。
なお、実施例、比較例における各測定方法は、以下の通りである。
一般的なX線回折装置(商品名:MXP-3、マックサイエンス社製)を使用し、試料の粉末X線回折測定をした。測定条件は以下のとおりとした。
線源 : CuKα線(λ=1.5405Å)
測定モード : ステップスキャン
スキャン条件: 毎秒0.02°
発散スリット: 1.0deg
散乱スリット: 1.0deg
受光スリット: 0.3mm
計測時間 : 1秒
測定範囲 : 2θ=3°~43°
一般的なX線回折装置(商品名:MXP-3、マックサイエンス社製)を使用し、試料の粉末X線回折測定によるメソ細孔の状態を測定した。測定条件は以下のとおりとした。
線源 : CuKα線(λ=1.5405Å)
測定モード : ステップスキャン
スキャン条件: 毎秒0.02°
発散スリット: 0.5deg
散乱スリット: 0.5deg
受光スリット: 0.15mm
計測時間 : 0.2秒又は5.0秒
測定範囲 : 2θ=1°~3°又は1.26°~3°
得られたXRDパターンにおけるピークの有無からメソ細孔の状態を確認した。
試料の形態観察は、走査型電子顕微鏡(以下、「SEM」とする)観察、または透過型電子顕微鏡(以下、「TEM」とする)観察により行った。
SEM観察は、電解放出形走査型電子顕微鏡(商品名:S-4500、日立製作所製)を用いた。TEM観察は、透過型電子顕微鏡(商品名:JEM-2000FXII、日本電子製)を用いた。
組成分析は誘導結合プラズマ発光分析法(ICP法)により行った。試料をフッ酸と硝酸の混合溶液に溶解させ、測定溶液を調製した。一般的な誘導結合プラズマ発光分析装置(商品名:OPTIMA3000DV、PERKIN ELMER製)を用いて、得られた測定溶液を測定して試料の組成を分析した。
JIS8830に準じた測定により、試料のBET比表面積を求めた。測定には、一般的な比表面積測定装置(商品名:フローソーブIII、島津製作所製)を用いた。前処理として試料を400℃で2時間保持した。前処理後の試料についてBET比表面積を測定した。測定条件は以下のとおりである。
処理ガス :窒素を30体積%、ヘリウムを70体積%含む混合ガス
(相対圧p/p0=0.3に相当)
測定方法 :1点法
全細孔容積の測定は窒素吸着等温線測定により行った。測定には、一般的な吸着量測定装置(商品名:ベルソープ28SA、日本ベル製)を用いた。前処理として試料を350℃で2時間保持した。前処理後の試料について窒素の吸着等温線を測定した。測定条件は以下のとおりである。
処理ガス :窒素ガス
処理温度 :液体窒素温度
測定圧力 :10-4kPa~100kPa
(相対圧p/p0=10-6~1.0)
得られた吸着等温線から、相対圧p/p0=10-6~9.6×10-1に相当する窒素吸着容量から、試料の全細孔容積を求めた。
メソ細孔容積の測定は窒素吸着等温線測定により行った。測定には一般的な吸着量測定装置(商品名:ベルソープ28SA、日本ベル製)を用いた。前処理として試料を350℃で2時間保持した。前処理後の試料について窒素の脱離等温線を測定した。測定条件は以下のとおりである。
処理ガス :窒素ガス
処理温度 :液体窒素温度
測定圧力 :100kPa~10-4kPa
(相対圧p/p0=1.0~10-6)
27Al-NMRにより、4配位Al比を求めた。測定には、一般的な核磁気共鳴分光装置(商品名:VNMRS-400、Varian製)を用いた。前処理として試料を相対湿度80%の状態で一晩保持した。前処理後の試料を用い、以下の条件で27Al-NMR測定を行い、NMRパターンを得た。
回転周波数 :15kHz
試料管状態 :回転
4配位Al比(%)= {4配位Al/(4配位Al+6配位Al)}×100
アンモニア-TPD法により、試料の固体酸量の測定を行った。
試料0.1gを500℃のヘリウム流通下に静置してこれを前処理とした。1時間の前処理後の試料について、室温で、10体積%のアンモニア及び90体積%のヘリウムを含む混合ガスを流通させて、試料にアンモニアを飽和吸着させた。混合ガスを1時間流通した後、混合ガスに代え、ヘリウムガスを流通しながら試料を100℃まで昇温した。昇温後、100℃、1時間、ヘリウムガスを流通させることで雰囲気中に残存するアンモニアを除去した。
ケイ酸ソーダ水溶液、及び、硫酸を混合し粒状無定形ケイ酸を得た。得られた粒状無定形ケイ酸、硫酸アルミニウム、40%TBPOH水溶液、水酸化ナトリウム、及び純水を混合し、以下の組成からなる原料混合物を得た。
SiO2/Al2O3 =100
TBP/SiO2 =0.20
Na/SiO2 =0.05
SO4/SiO2 =0.03
OH/SiO2 =0.19
H2O/SiO2 =10
結晶化スラリーを冷却、ろ過、洗浄、及び110℃で乾燥して結晶化物を得た。
結晶化物の結晶相の同定を行ったXRDパターンを図1に、SEM観察図を図2に示す。
実施例1と同様な方法で、結晶化、冷却、ろ過、洗浄、乾燥、及び焼成することでペンタシル型ゼオライトを得た。得られたペンタシル型ゼオライトと2Lの純水とを70℃で混合後、ろ過、乾燥して実施例2のペンタシル型ゼオライトとした。実施例2のペンタシル型ゼオライトは細孔容積が0.47mL/gであった。評価結果を表1に示す。
SiO2/Al2O3=100となるようにケイ酸ソーダ水溶液と、硫酸アルミニウム水溶液とを混合し、得られた混合物を脱水、及び洗浄して粒状無定形アルミノケイ酸塩(SiO2/Al2O3=100)を得た。
得られた粒状無定形アルミノケイ酸塩、40%TBPOH水溶液、水酸化ナトリウム、硫酸、及び純水を混合し、以下の組成からなる原料混合物を得た。
SiO2/Al2O3 =100
TBP/SiO2 =0.20
Na/SiO2 =0.05
SO4/SiO2 =0.03
OH/SiO2 =0.19
H2O/SiO2 =10
実施例1と同様な方法により無定形ケイ酸を得た。得られた粒状無定形ケイ酸、硫酸アルミニウム、40%TBPOH水溶液、水酸化ナトリウム、及び純水を混合し、以下の組成からなる原料混合物を得た。
SiO2/Al2O3 =80
TBP/SiO2 =0.20
Na/SiO2 =0.05
SO4/SiO2 =0.04
OH/SiO2 =0.18
H2O/SiO2 =10
実施例4と同様な方法で、結晶化、冷却、ろ過、洗浄、乾燥、及び焼成することでペンタシル型ゼオライトを得た。得られたペンタシル型ゼオライトと2Lの純水とを70℃で混合後、ろ過、乾燥して実施例5のペンタシル型ゼオライトとした。
実施例1と同様な方法により無定形ケイ酸を得た。得られた粒状無定形ケイ酸、硫酸アルミニウム、40%TBPOH水溶液、水酸化ナトリウム、及び純水を混合し、以下の組成からなる原料混合物を得た。
SiO2/Al2O3 =100
TBP/SiO2 =0.20
Na/SiO2 =0.06
SO4/SiO2 =0.03
OH/SiO2 =0.20
H2O/SiO2 =10
SiO2/Al2O3=56となるようにケイ酸ソーダ水溶液と、硫酸アルミニウム水溶液とを混合し、得られた混合物を脱水、及び洗浄して粒状無定形アルミノケイ酸塩(SiO2/Al2O3=56)を得た。当該粒状無定形アルミノケイ酸塩を10%KCl水溶液に添加、混合することで、粒状無定形アルミノケイ酸塩中のナトリウムをカリウムにイオン交換した。
イオン交換後の粒状無定形アルミノケイ酸塩、40%TBPOH水溶液、水酸化カリウム、及び純水を混合し、以下の組成からなる原料混合物を得た。
SiO2/Al2O3 =56
TBP/SiO2 =0.14
K/SiO2 =0.06
SO4/SiO2 =0
OH/SiO2 =0.20
H2O/SiO2 =10
非特許文献2に準じて、ペンタシル型ゼオライトを合成した。すなわち、テトラエトキシシラン(東京化成)、硫酸アルミニウム、40%TBPOH水溶液、水酸化ナトリウム、及び純水を混合し、以下の組成からなる原料混合物を得た。
SiO2/Al2O3 =200
TBP/SiO2 =0.30
Na/SiO2 =0.01
SO4/SiO2 =0.015
OH/SiO2 =0.28
H2O/SiO2 =10
C2H5OH/SiO2 =4
以下の組成としたこと以外は比較例1と同様な方法により、原料混合物を得た。
SiO2/Al2O3 =100
TBP/SiO2 =0.30
Na/SiO2 =0.015
SO4/SiO2 =0.03
OH/SiO2 =0.26
H2O/SiO2 =10
実施例1と同様な方法により粒状無定形アルミノケイ酸塩を得た。得られた粒状無定形ケイ酸、硫酸アルミニウム、40%TBPOH水溶液、水酸化ナトリウム、及び純水を混合し、以下の組成からなる原料混合物を得た。
SiO2/Al2O3 =100
TBP/SiO2 =0.20
Na/SiO2 =0.04
SO4/SiO2 =0.03
OH/SiO2 =0.18
H2O/SiO2 =10
実施例1と同様な方法により無定形ケイ酸を得た。得られた粒状無定形ケイ酸、硫酸アルミニウム、40%TBPOH水溶液、水酸化ナトリウム、及び純水を混合し、以下の組成からなる原料混合物を得た。
SiO2/Al2O3 =100
TBP/SiO2 =0.20
Na/SiO2 =0.04
SO4/SiO2 =0.03
OH/SiO2 =0.18
H2O/SiO2 =10
実施例3と同様な方法により粒状無定形アルミノケイ酸塩(SiO2/Al2O3=100)を得た。
得られた粒状無定形アルミノケイ酸塩、40%TBPOH水溶液、水酸化ナトリウム、及び純水を混合し、以下の組成からなる原料混合物を得た。
SiO2/Al2O3 =100
TBP/SiO2 =0.20
Na/SiO2 =0.10
SO4/SiO2 =0
OH/SiO2 =0.30
H2O/SiO2 =10
比較例5のペンタシル型ゼオライトの評価結果を表1に示す。
実施例3と同様な方法により粒状無定形アルミノケイ酸塩を得た。得られた粒状無定形アルミノケイ酸塩はSiO2/Al2O3=100であった。
SiO2/Al2O3 =100
TPA/SiO2 =0.05
Na/SiO2 =0.17
Br/SiO2 =0.05
OH/SiO2 =0.17
H2O/SiO2 =10
実施例1と同様な方法により無定形ケイ酸を得た。得られた粒状無定形ケイ酸、硫酸アルミニウム、40%TBPOH水溶液、水酸化ナトリウム、及び純水を混合し、以下の組成からなる原料混合物を得た。
SiO2/Al2O3 =200
TBP/SiO2 =0.20
Na/SiO2 =0.05
SO4/SiO2 =0.015
OH/SiO2 =0.22
H2O/SiO2 =10
得られたペンタシル型ゼオライトと2Lの純水とを70℃で混合後、ろ過、乾燥して比較例7のペンタシル型ゼオライトとした。
実施例5、比較例6及び7のペンタシル型ゼオライトを用い、芳香族炭化水素の合成触媒として評価した。結果を表2に示した。
原料ガス :テトラリン
キャリアガス :窒素
評価触媒の重量 :1.0g
原料ガス流量 :テトラリン重量/触媒重量=0.0354/時
触媒反応温度 :450℃
圧力 :0.1MPa
式(1)において、TCはテトラリンの転化率(%)、ITは原料ガス中のテトラリン炭素数(mol/分)、及び、ETは反応ガス1中のテトラリン炭素数(mol/分)である。
式(2)において、CAは炭素数6から9の単環芳香族炭化水素(以下、C6-9とする。)の収率、EAは反応ガス1中のC6-9の炭素数(mol/分)、及び、ITは原料ガス中のテトラリン炭素数(mol/分)である。
実施例5のペンタシル型ゼオライトを用い、炭素数2から4のアルケン(以下、「C2-4」とする。)の合成触媒として評価した。結果を表3に示した。
評価触媒に流通するエタノールが一定となるように、評価触媒に原料ガスを流通させることでエタノールをC2-4に転換した。評価条件を以下に示す。
原料ガス :エタノール
キャリアガス :窒素
評価触媒の重量 :1.0g
原料ガス流量 :エタノール重量/触媒重量=4/時
触媒反応温度 :400℃
圧力 :0.1MPa
式(3)において、EtCはエタノールの転化率(%)、IEtは原料ガス中のエタノール炭素数(mol/分)、及び、EEtは反応ガス2中のエタノール炭素数(mol/分)である。
式(4)において、COはC2-4の収率、EOは反応ガス2中のC2-4の炭素数(mol/分)、及び、IEtは原料ガス中のエタノール炭素数(mol/分)である。
◎ :6配位Al
△ :ノイズ
Claims (15)
- BET比表面積が450m2/g以上であり、なおかつ、アンモニア-TPD法による酸量が0.38mmol/g以上であることを特徴とするペンタシル型ゼオライト。
- 細孔容積が0.60mL/g以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のペンタシル型ゼオライト。
- アルミナに対するシリカのモル比が150未満であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のペンタシル型ゼオライト。
- 結晶中の4配位のアルミニウムと6配位のアルミニウムとの合計に対する4配位のアルミニウムのモル比が90%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載のペンタシル型ゼオライト。
- アルカリ金属を有し、アルミニウムに対するアルカリ金属のモル比が0.5以下であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載のペンタシル型ゼオライト。
- 一次粒子が規則的な凝集をしていないことを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載のペンタシル型ゼオライト。
- 二次粒子の凝集径が0.3~50μmであることを特徴とする請求項1乃至6のいずれか一項に記載のペンタシル型ゼオライト。
- リンを含有することを特徴とする請求項1乃至7のいずれか一項に記載のペンタシル型ゼオライト。
- シリコン及びアルミニウムに対するリンのモル比が0.0005以上であることを特徴とする請求項8に記載のペンタシル型ゼオライト。
- アンモニア-TPD法による酸量が0.45mmol/g以上である請求項1乃至9のいずれか一項に記載のペンタシル型ゼオライト。
- テトラブチルホスホニウムカチオン、シリカ源、アルミナ源、アルカリ金属源及び水を含有する混合物を結晶化させる結晶化工程を有するペンタシル型ゼオライトの製造方法であって、前記混合物中のシリカに対するアルカリ金属源のモル比が0.04を超え0.10未満であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至10のいずれか一項に記載のペンタシル型ゼオライトの製造方法。
- 前記混合物中のシリカに対するテトラブチルスルホニウムカチオンのモル比が0.04以上、0.3以下であることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の製造方法。
- 前記混合物が、以下のモル組成を有することを特徴とする請求項11又は12に記載の製造方法。
SiO2/Al2O3 40以上、200以下
TBP/SiO2 0.04以上、0.3以下
SO4/SiO2 0以上、0.1以下
OH/SiO2 0.05以上、0.5以下
H2O/SiO2 5以上、40以下
M/SiO2 0.04を超え、0.1未満
(TBPはテトラブチルホスホニウムカチオン、及び、Mはアルカリ金属である) - 請求項1乃至10のいずれか一項に記載のペンタシル型ゼオライトを含む触媒。
- 請求項1乃至10のいずれか一項に記載のペンタシル型ゼオライトを含む触媒を使用することを特徴とする芳香族炭化水素の製造方法。
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JP7007638B2 (ja) * | 2017-11-06 | 2022-02-10 | 国立大学法人広島大学 | リンを含有するgme型ゼオライトおよびその製造方法 |
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