WO2015025602A1 - 作業車両 - Google Patents
作業車両 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015025602A1 WO2015025602A1 PCT/JP2014/066159 JP2014066159W WO2015025602A1 WO 2015025602 A1 WO2015025602 A1 WO 2015025602A1 JP 2014066159 W JP2014066159 W JP 2014066159W WO 2015025602 A1 WO2015025602 A1 WO 2015025602A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- circuit
- hydraulic oil
- hydraulic
- pressure
- clutch
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/16—Inhibiting or initiating shift during unfavourable conditions, e.g. preventing forward reverse shift at high vehicle speed, preventing engine over speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/0412—Cooling or heating; Control of temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H59/60—Inputs being a function of ambient conditions
- F16H59/64—Atmospheric temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/02—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/02—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used
- F16H61/0202—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric
- F16H61/0204—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric for gearshift control, e.g. control functions for performing shifting or generation of shift signal
- F16H61/0206—Layout of electro-hydraulic control circuits, e.g. arrangement of valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/68—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for stepped gearings
- F16H61/684—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for stepped gearings without interruption of drive
- F16H61/686—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for stepped gearings without interruption of drive with orbital gears
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
- B60W2710/10—Change speed gearings
- B60W2710/1077—Change speed gearings fluid pressure, e.g. oil pressure
- B60W2710/1083—Change speed gearings fluid pressure, e.g. oil pressure pressure of control fluid
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/202—Mechanical transmission, e.g. clutches, gears
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2253—Controlling the travelling speed of vehicles, e.g. adjusting travelling speed according to implement loads, control of hydrostatic transmission
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/226—Safety arrangements, e.g. hydraulic driven fans, preventing cavitation, leakage, overheating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H59/68—Inputs being a function of gearing status
- F16H59/72—Inputs being a function of gearing status dependent on oil characteristics, e.g. temperature, viscosity
- F16H2059/725—Sensing or calculating temperature of friction devices, e.g. clutches to prevent overheating of friction linings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
- F16H2200/2002—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
- F16H2200/2005—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with one sets of orbital gears
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/46—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a work vehicle.
- torque converter transmission As a work vehicle such as a wheel loader, a vehicle including a power transmission device (hereinafter referred to as “torque converter transmission”) having a torque converter and a multistage transmission is known (see Patent Document 1). ).
- HMT hydromechanical transmission
- EMT electro-mechanical transmission
- the clutch in the transmission is generally controlled by hydraulic pressure. Further, the viscosity of the hydraulic fluid of the clutch increases as the oil temperature decreases. At this time, there arises a problem that the response of the clutch becomes worse. In particular, when the work vehicle is started, the oil temperature of the hydraulic fluid of the clutch is lowered, and how to raise the oil temperature is a problem.
- the work vehicle includes a transmission, a hydraulic oil supply circuit, a hydraulic oil warm-up circuit, and a control unit.
- the transmission changes the driving force from the engine.
- the hydraulic oil supply circuit supplies hydraulic oil to the transmission.
- the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit warms the hydraulic oil.
- the control unit controls the transmission, the hydraulic oil supply circuit, and the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit.
- the transmission includes a hydraulic clutch and a clutch control valve.
- the clutch control valve controls the pressure of the hydraulic oil supplied to the hydraulic clutch according to a command from the control unit. If it determines with the oil temperature of hydraulic oil being low, a control part will output the warming-up command which makes a warming-up function work.
- the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit warms the hydraulic oil by generating a pressure loss in the hydraulic oil flow path.
- the hydraulic oil supply circuit may include a connection circuit and a transmission pump.
- the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit may include a logic valve and a pilot circuit for the logic valve.
- the logic valve may include a P port and an R port.
- the connection circuit may be connected to the clutch control valve.
- the P port may be connected to a hydraulic circuit from the transmission pump.
- the R port may be connected to a connection circuit.
- the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit may include a drain circuit, a solenoid valve, an auxiliary circuit, and a relief valve.
- the auxiliary circuit may be connected to the P port and the pilot circuit.
- the solenoid valve may communicate or block the auxiliary circuit and the drain circuit.
- the relief valve may be provided between the pilot circuit and the drain circuit.
- the hydraulic oil supply circuit may include an on-off valve.
- the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit may include a relief valve provided in parallel with the on-off valve. When the on-off valve receives the warm-up command, the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit is preferably in a closed state so that the hydraulic oil flows through the hydraulic oil supply circuit via the relief valve.
- the transmission may include a pressure switch that transmits a detection signal to the fill completion determination unit when the clutch pressure of the hydraulic clutch reaches a predetermined pressure. Then, when the fill completion determination unit receives the detection signal, the fill completion determination unit may determine that the fill completion state has been reached.
- the transmission may further include an input shaft, an output shaft, a gear mechanism, and a motor.
- the gear mechanism may include a planetary gear mechanism and transmit the rotation of the input shaft to the output shaft.
- the motor may be connected to a rotating element of the planetary gear mechanism.
- the transmission may be configured to change the rotational speed ratio of the output shaft to the input shaft by changing the rotational speed of the motor.
- a hydraulic oil warm-up circuit different from the torque converter warms up the hydraulic oil. Therefore, even if the work vehicle does not have a torque converter, the temperature of the hydraulic oil of the clutch can be raised when the work vehicle is activated.
- FIG. 1 is a side view of a work vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of the work vehicle.
- FIG. 3 is a table showing the functions of the first to third motors and the state of each clutch.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing changes in the rotational speeds of the first to third motors with respect to the vehicle speed.
- FIG. 5 is a detailed view of the hydraulic oil supply circuit and the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the control contents when the hydraulic oil is warmed up.
- FIG. 7 is a timing chart showing changes in the command current to the clutch control valve and changes in the clutch pressure when the hydraulic clutch is switched.
- FIG. 8 is a detailed view of another hydraulic oil supply circuit and another hydraulic oil warm-up circuit.
- FIG. 1 is a side view of a work vehicle 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the work vehicle 1 is, for example, a wheel loader.
- the work vehicle 1 includes a body frame 2, a work implement 3, traveling wheels 4 and 5, and a cab 6.
- the work vehicle 1 travels when the traveling wheels 4 and 5 are driven to rotate.
- the work vehicle 1 can perform work such as excavation using the work machine 3.
- the work frame 3 and traveling wheels 4 and 5 are attached to the body frame 2.
- the work machine 3 is driven by hydraulic oil from the work machine pump 23 (see FIG. 2).
- the work machine 3 includes a boom 11 and a bucket 12.
- the boom 11 is attached to the vehicle body frame 2.
- the work machine 3 includes a lift cylinder 13 and a bucket cylinder 14.
- the lift cylinder 13 and the bucket cylinder 14 are hydraulic cylinders.
- One end of the lift cylinder 13 is attached to the vehicle body frame 2.
- the other end of the lift cylinder 13 is attached to the boom 11.
- the boom 11 swings up and down as the lift cylinder 13 expands and contracts with hydraulic oil from the work implement pump 23.
- the bucket 12 is attached to the tip of the boom 11.
- One end of the bucket cylinder 14 is attached to the vehicle body frame 2.
- the other end of the bucket cylinder 14 is attached to the bucket 12 via a bell crank 15. As the bucket cylinder 14 expands and contracts with hydraulic oil from the work implement pump 23, the bucket 12 swings up and
- the cab 6 and traveling wheels 5 are attached to the body frame 2.
- the cab 6 is placed on the vehicle body frame 2.
- a seat on which an operator is seated, an operation device to be described later, and the like are arranged.
- the vehicle body frame 2 has a front frame 16 and a rear frame 17.
- the front frame 16 and the rear frame 17 are attached so as to be swingable in the left-right direction.
- the work frame 3 is attached to the front frame 16.
- the cab 6 is placed on the rear frame 17.
- the rear frame 17 is equipped with devices such as an engine 21, a transmission 24, and a cooling device 26, which will be described later.
- the transmission 24 is located in front of the engine 21.
- the cooling device 26 is located behind the engine 21.
- the cooling device 26 has a radiator for cooling the coolant of the engine 21.
- the work vehicle 1 has a steering cylinder 18.
- the steering cylinder 18 is attached to the front frame 16 and the rear frame 17.
- the steering cylinder 18 is a hydraulic cylinder. As the steering cylinder 18 expands and contracts with hydraulic oil from a steering pump 30 described later, the traveling direction of the work vehicle 1 is changed to the left and right.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the work vehicle 1.
- the work vehicle 1 includes an engine 21, a work machine pump 23, a transmission pump 29, a steering pump 30, a transmission 24, a travel device 25, and the like.
- Engine 21 is, for example, a diesel engine.
- the engine 21 generates driving force for driving the traveling device 25, the work machine pump 23, the transmission pump 29, the steering pump 30, and the like.
- the work machine pump 23, the transmission pump 29, and the steering pump 30 are hydraulic pumps.
- the hydraulic oil discharged from these hydraulic pumps is stored in the hydraulic oil tank 29a.
- the work machine pump 23, the transmission pump 29, and the steering pump 30 are driven by the driving force from the engine 21.
- the work machine pump 23 is a variable displacement hydraulic pump.
- the hydraulic oil discharged from the work implement pump 23 is supplied to the lift cylinder 13 and the bucket cylinder 14 described above via the work implement control valve 41.
- the transmission pump 29 is a fixed displacement hydraulic pump.
- the hydraulic oil discharged from the transmission pump 29 passes through the logic valve 32 and clutch control valves VF, VR, VL, VH, Vm1, and Vm2, which will be described in detail later, and the clutches CF, CR, CL, CH, and Cm1 of the transmission 24. , Cm2 (details will be described later).
- the logic valve 32 has a P port and an R port.
- a hydraulic circuit from the hydraulic oil tank 29a through the transmission pump 29 and the logic valve 32 to the clutches CF, CR, CL, CH, Cm1, and Cm2 is referred to as a hydraulic oil supply circuit 80.
- the hydraulic oil supply circuit 80 supplies hydraulic oil to the transmission 24.
- a hydraulic oil warm-up circuit 81 is connected to the hydraulic oil supply circuit 80.
- the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit 81 warms the hydraulic oil due to the pressure loss of the hydraulic oil. Details of the hydraulic oil supply circuit 80 and the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit 81 will be described later.
- the steering pump 30 is a variable displacement hydraulic pump.
- the hydraulic oil discharged from the steering pump 30 is supplied to the above-described steering cylinder 18 via the steering control valve 43.
- the transmission 24 transmits the driving force from the engine 21 to the traveling device 25.
- the transmission 24 shifts and outputs the driving force from the engine 21.
- the configuration of the transmission 24 will be described in detail later.
- the traveling device 25 is driven by the engine 21.
- the traveling device 25 includes a transmission shaft 46, an axle shaft 45, and the traveling wheel 5 described above.
- the transmission shaft 46 transmits the driving force from the transmission 24 to the axle shaft 45.
- the axle shaft 45 extends in the vehicle width direction and is connected to the traveling wheel 5.
- the axle shaft 45 transmits the driving force from the transmission 24 to the traveling wheels 5. Thereby, the traveling wheel 5 rotates.
- the transmission 24 includes an input shaft 61, a first power take-out mechanism 22 (hereinafter referred to as “first PTO 22”), a second power take-out mechanism 27 (hereinafter referred to as “second PTO 27”), a gear mechanism 62, An output shaft 63, a first motor MG1, a second motor MG2, and a third motor MG3 are provided.
- Rotation from the engine 21 is input to the input shaft 61.
- the gear mechanism 62 transmits the rotation of the input shaft 61 to the output shaft 63.
- the output shaft 63 is connected to the traveling device 25 described above, and transmits the rotation from the gear mechanism 62 to the traveling device 25.
- the first PTO 22 is connected to the input shaft 61 and transmits a part of the driving force from the engine 21 to the work machine pump 23 and the transmission pump 29.
- the second rod PTO rod 27 is connected to the input shaft 61 in parallel with the first rod PTO rod 22, and transmits part of the driving force from the engine 21 to the steering pump 30.
- the gear mechanism 62 is a mechanism that transmits the driving force from the engine 21.
- the gear mechanism 62 is configured to change the rotation speed ratio of the output shaft 63 to the input shaft 61 in accordance with the change in the rotation speed of the motors MG1, MG2, MG3.
- the gear mechanism 62 includes an FR switching mechanism 65 and a speed change mechanism 66.
- the FR switching mechanism 65 has a forward clutch CF, a reverse clutch CR, a forward clutch control valve VF, a reverse clutch control valve VR, and various gears.
- the forward clutch CF and the reverse clutch CR are hydraulic clutches.
- the hydraulic fluid from the transmission pump 29 is supplied to the clutches CF and CR, respectively.
- the pressure of the hydraulic oil supplied to the clutches CF and CR is controlled by clutch control valves VF and VR, respectively.
- the clutches CF and CR may be provided with pressure switches TF and TR. That is, the transmission 24 may further include pressure switches TF and TR.
- the pressure switches TF and TR transmit a detection signal to the control unit 31 when the clutch pressure reaches a predetermined pressure.
- the pressure switches TF and TR output a detection signal to the fill completion determination unit 31a (details will be described later) when the clutch pressure reaches a predetermined pressure.
- a value corresponding to the pressure (fill pressure) at the completion of filling of the hydraulic oil to the clutches CF and CR is set. Therefore, the pressure switches TF and TR detect the completion of filling and output a detection signal to the control unit 31.
- the direction of rotation output from the FR switching mechanism 65 is switched by switching between connection and disconnection of the forward clutch CF and connection and disconnection of the reverse clutch CR.
- the transmission mechanism 66 has an intermediate shaft 67, a first planetary gear mechanism 68, a second planetary gear mechanism 69, a Hi / Lo switching mechanism 70, and an output gear 71.
- the intermediate shaft 67 is connected to the FR switching mechanism 65.
- the first planetary gear mechanism 68 and the second planetary gear mechanism 69 are arranged coaxially with the intermediate shaft 67.
- the first planetary gear mechanism 68 includes a first sun gear S1, a plurality of first planetary gears P1, a first carrier C1 that supports the plurality of first planetary gears P1, and a first ring gear R1. .
- the first sun gear S1 is connected to the intermediate shaft 67.
- the plurality of first planetary gears P1 mesh with the first sun gear S1 and are rotatably supported by the first carrier C1.
- a first carrier gear Gc1 is provided on the outer periphery of the first carrier C1.
- the first ring gear R1 meshes with the plurality of planetary gears P1 and is rotatable.
- a first ring outer peripheral gear Gr1 is provided on the outer periphery of the first ring gear R1.
- the second planetary gear mechanism 69 includes a second sun gear S2, a plurality of second planetary gears P2, a second carrier C2 that supports the plurality of second planetary gears P2, and a second ring gear R2. .
- the second sun gear S2 is connected to the first carrier C1.
- the plurality of second planetary gears P2 mesh with the second sun gear S2 and are rotatably supported by the second carrier C2.
- the second ring gear R2 meshes with the plurality of planetary gears P2 and is rotatable.
- a second ring outer peripheral gear Gr2 is provided on the outer periphery of the second ring gear R2.
- the second ring outer peripheral gear Gr2 meshes with the output gear 71, and the rotation of the second ring gear R2 is output to the output shaft 63 via the output gear 71.
- the Hi / Lo switching mechanism 70 is a mechanism for switching the driving force transmission path in the transmission 24 between a high speed mode (Hi mode) where the vehicle speed is high and a low speed mode (Lo mode) where the vehicle speed is low.
- the Hi / Lo switching mechanism 70 has a Hi clutch CH that is turned on in the Hi mode, a Lo clutch CL that is turned on in the Lo mode, a Hi clutch control valve VH, and a Lo clutch control valve VL. .
- the Hi clutch CH connects or disconnects the first ring gear R1 and the second carrier C2.
- the Lo clutch CL connects or disconnects the second carrier C2 and the fixed end 72, and prohibits or allows the rotation of the second carrier C2.
- Each clutch CH, CL is a hydraulic clutch, and hydraulic oil from the transmission pump 29 is supplied to each clutch CH, CL.
- the pressure of the hydraulic oil supplied to the clutches CH and CL is controlled by clutch control valves VH and VL, respectively.
- the clutches CH and CL are preferably provided with pressure switches TH and TL. That is, the transmission 24 may further include pressure switches TH and TL.
- the pressure switches TH and TL transmit a detection signal to the control unit 31 when the clutch pressure reaches a predetermined pressure. More specifically, when the clutch pressure reaches a predetermined pressure, the pressure switches TH and TL transmit a detection signal to the fill completion determination unit 31a (details will be described later).
- a value corresponding to the pressure (fill pressure) at the completion of filling of the hydraulic oil to the clutches CH and CL is set. Accordingly, the pressure switches TH and TL detect the completion of filling and output a detection signal to the control unit 31.
- the first motor MG1, the second motor MG2, and the third motor MG3 function as driving motors that generate driving force by electric energy.
- the first motor MG1, the second motor MG2, and the third motor MG3 also function as a generator that generates electric energy using the input driving force.
- the first motor gear Gm1 is fixed to the rotation shaft Sm1 of the first motor MG1.
- the first motor gear Gm1 meshes with the first carrier gear Gc1. That is, the first motor MG1 is connected to the rotating element of the first planetary gear mechanism 68.
- a second motor gear Gm2 is fixed to the rotation shaft Sm2 of the second motor MG2.
- the second motor gear Gm2 meshes with the first ring outer peripheral gear Gr1. That is, the second motor MG2 is connected to the rotating element of the first planetary gear mechanism 68.
- the third motor MG3 assists the first motor MG1 and the second motor MG2.
- the speed change mechanism 66 has a motor switching mechanism 73, and the motor switching mechanism 73 selectively switches the auxiliary target by the third motor MG3 between the first motor MG1 and the second motor MG2.
- the motor switching mechanism 73 includes a first motor clutch Cm1, a second motor clutch Cm2, a first motor clutch control valve Vm1, a second motor clutch control valve Vm2, a first connection gear Ga1, It has 2 connection gear Ga2.
- a third motor gear Gm3 is connected to the rotation shaft Sm3 of the third motor MG3, and the third motor gear Gm3 meshes with the first connection gear Ga1.
- the first motor clutch Cm1 switches connection and disconnection between the rotation shaft Sm1 of the first motor MG1 and the first connection gear Ga1.
- the first connection gear Ga1 meshes with the second connection gear Ga2.
- the second motor clutch Cm2 switches connection and disconnection between the rotation shaft Sm2 of the second motor MG2 and the second connection gear Ga2. Since one of the first motor clutch Cm1 and the second motor clutch Cm2 is connected, as a result, the third motor MG3 is connected to the rotating element of the first planetary gear mechanism 68.
- the first motor clutch Cm1 and the second motor clutch Cm2 are hydraulic clutches.
- the hydraulic oil from the transmission pump 29 is supplied to each of the motor clutches Cm1 and Cm2.
- the pressures of hydraulic oil supplied to the motor clutches Cm1 and Cm2 are controlled by clutch control valves Vm1 and Vm2, respectively.
- the clutches Cm1 and Cm2 may be provided with pressure switches Tm1 and Tm2. That is, the transmission 24 may further include pressure switches Tm1 and Tm2.
- the pressure switches Tm1 and Tm2 transmit a detection signal to the control unit 31 when the clutch pressure reaches a predetermined pressure.
- the pressure switches Tm1 and Tm2 transmit a detection signal to the fill completion determination unit 31a (details will be described later).
- the set pressure a value corresponding to the pressure (fill pressure) at the completion of filling of hydraulic oil to the clutches Cm1 and Cm2 is set. Accordingly, the pressure switches Tm1 and Tm2 detect the completion of filling and output a detection signal to the control unit 31.
- the third motor gear Gm3 assists the first motor MG1.
- the third motor gear Gm3 assists the second motor MG2.
- the first motor MG1 is connected to the capacitor 64 via the first inverter I1.
- the second motor MG2 is connected to the capacitor 64 via the second inverter I2.
- the third motor MG3 is connected to the capacitor 64 via the third inverter I3.
- Capacitor 64 functions as an energy storage unit that stores energy generated in motors MG1, MG2, and MG3. That is, the capacitor 64 stores the electric power generated by the motors MG1, MG2, and MG3 when the total power generation amount of the motors MG1, MG2, and MG3 is large. Capacitor 64 discharges power when the total power consumption of motors MG1, MG2, and MG3 is large. That is, each motor MG1, MG2, MG3 is driven by the electric power stored in capacitor 64.
- a battery may be used as the power storage means instead of the capacitor.
- Work vehicle 1 includes a control unit 31.
- Control unit 31 provides a command signal indicating a command torque to motors MG1, MG2, and MG3 to inverters I1, I2, and I3. Accordingly, the control unit 31 controls the transmission 24. Further, the control unit 31 gives a command signal for controlling the clutch hydraulic pressure of each of the clutches CF, CR, CH, CL, Cm1, and Cm2 to the clutch control valves VF, VR, VH, VL, Vm1, and Vm2. Clutch control valves VF, VR, VH, VL, Vm1, and Vm2 operate according to this command signal. Accordingly, the control unit 31 controls the transmission 24 and the hydraulic oil supply circuit 80.
- the clutch control valves VF, VR, VH, VL, Vm1, and Vm2 include a plurality of valves for controlling the clutches CF, CR, CH, CL, Cm1, and Cm2.
- the gear ratio and output torque of the transmission 24 are controlled by controlling the motors MG1, MG2, MG3 and the clutches CF, CR, CH, CL, Cm1, Cm2 by the command signal from the control unit 31.
- the operation of the transmission 24 will be described.
- FIG. 3 shows the functions of the motors MG1, MG2, and MG3 and the state of the clutch in each mode.
- the Lo mode has an L1 mode and an L2 mode.
- the Hi mode has an H1 mode and an H2 mode.
- M means that the motors MG1, MG2, and MG3 function as drive motors.
- G means that the motors MG1, MG2, and MG3 function as generators.
- O means that the clutch is in a connected state.
- X means that the clutch is disengaged.
- FIG. 4 shows the rotation speed of each motor MG1, MG2, MG3 with respect to the vehicle speed.
- the rotation speed ratio is the ratio of the rotation speed of the output shaft 63 to the rotation speed of the input shaft 61. Therefore, in FIG. 4, the change in the vehicle speed coincides with the change in the rotation speed ratio of the transmission 24. That is, FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the rotational speeds of the motors MG1, MG2, and MG3 and the rotational speed ratio of the transmission 24.
- the solid line indicates the rotation speed of the first motor MG1
- the broken line indicates the rotation speed of the second motor MG2
- the alternate long and short dash line indicates the rotation speed of the third motor MG3.
- the Lo clutch CL is connected, the Hi clutch CH is disconnected, the first motor clutch Cm1 is connected, and the second motor clutch Cm2 is disconnected (L1 mode). Since the Hi clutch CH is disconnected, the second carrier C2 and the first ring gear R1 are disconnected. Since the Lo clutch CL is connected, the second carrier C2 is fixed. Further, the first connection gear Ga1 is connected to the rotation shaft Sm3 of the first motor MG1, and the second connection gear Ga2 is disconnected from the rotation shaft Sm2 of the second motor MG2. Accordingly, the third motor MG3 is connected to the first motor MG1 via the third motor gear Gm3, the first connection gear Ga1, and the first motor clutch Cm1. Further, since the second motor clutch Cm2 is disconnected, the third motor MG3 is disconnected from the second motor MG2.
- the driving force from the engine 21 is input to the first sun gear S1 via the intermediate shaft 67, and this driving force is output from the first carrier C1 to the second sun gear S2.
- the driving force input to the first sun gear S1 is transmitted from the first planetary gear P1 to the first ring gear R1, and is output to the second motor MG2 via the first ring outer peripheral gear Gr1 and the second motor gear Gm2.
- the second motor MG2 mainly functions as a generator in the L1 mode, and a part of the electric power generated by the second motor MG2 is stored in the capacitor 64.
- the first motor MG1 and the third motor MG3 mainly function as electric motors.
- the driving forces of the first motor MG1 and the third motor MG3 are output to the second sun gear S2 through the path of the first motor gear Gm1 ⁇ the first carrier gear Gc1 ⁇ the first carrier C1.
- the driving force output to the second sun gear S2 as described above is transmitted to the output shaft 63 through the path of the second planetary gear P2, the second ring gear R2, the second ring outer peripheral gear Gr2, and the output gear 71.
- the Lo clutch CL is connected, the Hi clutch CH is disconnected, the first motor clutch Cm1 is disconnected, and the second motor clutch Cm2 is connected (L2 mode).
- the second connection gear Ga2 is connected to the rotation shaft Sm2 of the second motor MG2, and the first connection gear Ga1 is disconnected from the rotation shaft Sm1 of the first motor MG1.
- the third motor MG3 is connected to the second motor MG2 via the third motor gear Gm3, the first connection gear Ga1, the second connection gear Ga2, and the second motor clutch Cm2. Further, since the first motor clutch Cm1 is disconnected, the third motor MG3 is disconnected from the first motor MG1.
- the driving force from the engine 21 is input to the first sun gear S1 via the intermediate shaft 67, and this driving force is output from the first carrier C1 to the second sun gear S2.
- the driving force input to the first sun gear S1 is transmitted from the first planetary gear P1 to the first ring gear R1, and is output to the second motor MG2 via the first ring outer peripheral gear Gr1 and the second motor gear Gm2.
- the driving force is output from the second motor gear Gm2 to the third motor MG3 via the second motor clutch Cm2, the second connection gear Ga2, the first connection gear Ga1, and the third motor gear Gm3.
- the second motor MG2 and the third motor MG3 function mainly as a generator in the L2 mode, and a part of the electric power generated by the second motor MG2 and the third motor MG3 is stored in the capacitor 64. .
- the first motor MG1 mainly functions as an electric motor.
- the driving force of the first motor MG1 is output to the second sun gear S2 through the path of the first motor gear Gm1 ⁇ the first carrier gear Gc1 ⁇ the first carrier C1.
- the driving force output to the second sun gear S2 as described above is transmitted to the output shaft 63 through the path of the second planetary gear P2, the second ring gear R2, the second ring outer peripheral gear Gr2, and the output gear 71.
- the Lo clutch CL is disconnected, the Hi clutch CH is connected, the first motor clutch Cm1 is disconnected, and the second motor clutch Cm2 is connected (H1 mode).
- the H1 mode since the Hi clutch CH is connected, the second carrier C2 and the first ring gear R1 are connected. Further, since the Lo clutch CL is disengaged, the second carrier C2 is released. Accordingly, the rotation speeds of the first ring gear R1 and the second carrier C2 coincide. Further, the second connection gear Ga2 is connected to the rotation shaft Sm2 of the second motor MG2, and the first connection gear Ga1 is disconnected from the rotation shaft Sm1 of the first motor MG1.
- the third motor MG3 is connected to the second motor MG2 via the third motor gear Gm3, the first connection gear Ga1, the second connection gear Ga2, and the second motor clutch Cm2. Further, since the first motor clutch Cm1 is disconnected, the third motor MG3 is disconnected from the first motor MG1.
- the driving force from the engine 21 is input to the first sun gear S1, and this driving force is output from the first carrier C1 to the second sun gear S2.
- the driving force input to the first sun gear S1 is output from the first carrier C1 to the first motor MG1 via the first carrier gear Gc1 and the first motor gear Gm1.
- the first motor MG1 mainly functions as a generator, so that part of the electric power generated by the first motor MG1 is stored in the capacitor 64.
- the second motor MG2 and the third motor MG3 mainly function as electric motors.
- the driving force of the third motor MG3 is transmitted from the third motor gear Gm3 to the rotation shaft Sm2 of the second motor MG2 via the first connection gear Ga1, the second connection gear Ga2, and the second motor clutch Cm2.
- the driving force of the second motor MG2 and the driving force of the third motor MG3 are output to the second carrier C2 through the path of the second motor gear Gm2, the first ring outer peripheral gear Gr1, the first ring gear R1, and the Hi clutch CH. Is done.
- the driving force output to the second sun gear S2 as described above is output to the second ring gear R2 via the second planetary gear P2, and the driving force output to the second carrier C2 is the second planetary gear. Output to the second ring gear R2 via P2.
- the driving force combined by the second ring gear R2 in this way is transmitted to the output shaft 63 via the second ring outer peripheral gear Gr2 and the output gear 71.
- the Lo clutch CL is disconnected, the Hi clutch CH is connected, the first motor clutch Cm1 is connected, and the second motor clutch Cm2 is disconnected (H2 mode).
- the first connection gear Ga1 is connected to the rotation shaft Sm3 of the first motor MG1
- the second connection gear Ga2 is disconnected from the rotation shaft Sm2 of the second motor MG2.
- the third motor MG3 is connected to the first motor MG1 via the third motor gear Gm3, the first connection gear Ga1, and the first motor clutch Cm1. Further, since the second motor clutch Cm2 is disconnected, the third motor MG3 is disconnected from the second motor MG2.
- the driving force from the engine 21 is input to the first sun gear S1, and this driving force is output from the first carrier C1 to the second sun gear S2.
- the driving force input to the first sun gear S1 is output from the first carrier C1 to the first motor MG1 and the third motor Gm3 via the first carrier gear Gc1 and the first motor gear Gm1.
- the first motor MG1 and the third motor Gm3 mainly function as generators, and a part of the electric power generated by the first motor MG1 and the third motor Gm3 is stored in the capacitor 64.
- the second motor MG2 mainly functions as an electric motor.
- the driving force of the second motor MG2 is output to the second carrier C2 through the path of the second motor gear Gm2 ⁇ the first ring outer peripheral gear Gr1 ⁇ the first ring gear R1 ⁇ the Hi clutch CH.
- the driving force output to the second sun gear S2 as described above is output to the second ring gear R2 via the second planetary gear P2, and the driving force output to the second carrier C2 is the second planetary gear.
- the driving force combined by the second ring gear R2 in this way is transmitted to the output shaft 63 via the second ring outer peripheral gear Gr2 and the output gear 71.
- the control unit 31 includes a fill completion determination unit 31a and a timer 31b.
- the fill completion determination unit 31a determines whether or not a fill completion state is reached in which hydraulic oil is filled in the oil chambers of the hydraulic clutches CF, CR, CH, CL, Cm1, and Cm2. Detection signals from the pressure switches TF, TR, TH, TL, Tm1, and Tm2 are transmitted to the fill completion determination unit 31a.
- the timer 31b measures the time from the start of the output of the shift command or the command current to the clutch control valves VF, VR, VH, VL, Vm1, and Vm2 until the fill completion state is reached. Details of the operations of the fill completion determination unit 31a and the timer 31b will be described later.
- FIG. 5 is a detailed view of the hydraulic oil supply circuit 80 and the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit 81 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a clutch circuit 83 including a clutch control valve VL and a pressure switch TL of the clutch CL, taking the clutch CL as an example of the clutch.
- the clutch circuits of other clutches may be considered similar to the clutch circuit 83.
- the clutch circuit 83 includes a clutch CL, a clutch control valve VL, and a pressure switch TL.
- the clutch control valve VL includes a pressure control valve VL1 and an electromagnetic control valve VL2.
- the pressure control valve VL1 is a device for controlling the hydraulic pressure (that is, the clutch pressure) supplied to the clutch CL.
- the pressure control valve VL1 is connected to the connection circuit 80a (that is, the hydraulic oil supply circuit 80), the output flow path 85, and the drain circuit 86.
- the connection circuit 80a is connected to a logic valve 84 described later.
- the output flow path 85 is connected to the clutch CL.
- the drain circuit 86 is connected to the hydraulic oil tank 29a.
- the pressure control valve VL1 adjusts the hydraulic pressure of the input flow path 80 in accordance with the magnitude of the pilot pressure of a pilot circuit PL connected to an electromagnetic control valve VL2 described later, and guides it to the output flow path 85. That is, the pressure control valve VL1 changes the clutch pressure according to the input pilot pressure. Note that the pressure control valve VL1 connects the output flow path 85 and the drain circuit 86 when the pilot pressure is not supplied to the pressure control valve VL1. As a result, the hydraulic oil is discharged from the clutch CL and collected in the hydraulic oil tank 29a.
- a pilot circuit PL is connected to the pilot port of the pressure control valve VL1.
- the electromagnetic control valve VL2 is a device for controlling the pilot pressure input to the pressure control valve VL1.
- the electromagnetic control valve VL2 is connected to the connection circuit 80a via the throttle 87.
- the pilot circuit PL described above is connected between the electromagnetic control valve VL2 and the throttle 87.
- the electromagnetic control valve VL2 is connected to the hydraulic oil tank 29a via the drain circuit 88.
- the electromagnetic control valve VL2 can be switched between a connection state in which the connection circuit 80a and the drain circuit 88 are connected and a cutoff state in which the connection circuit 80a and the drain circuit 88 are cut off.
- the electromagnetic control valve VL2 can switch between a connected state and a cut-off state according to the magnitude of the command current input from the control unit 31.
- the electromagnetic control valve VL2 can control the pilot pressure supplied to the pilot circuit PL in accordance with the command current.
- the pressure switch TL transmits a detection signal to the fill completion determination unit 31a of the control unit 31 when the clutch CL reaches a predetermined pressure.
- the hydraulic oil supply circuit 80 includes a connection circuit 80a and a transmission pump 29.
- the hydraulic oil supply circuit 80 may further include a relief valve 97.
- the connection circuit 80a is connected to the clutch control valve VL and the R port of the logic valve 84.
- a relief valve 97 is connected to the connection circuit 80a.
- the connection circuit 80a exceeds the cracking pressure Pc1 of the relief valve 97, the relief valve 97 connects the connection circuit 80a and the hydraulic oil tank 29a.
- the maximum pressure of the hydraulic oil supply circuit 80 is set by the cracking pressure Pc1.
- the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit 81 includes a logic valve 84, a solenoid valve 90, an auxiliary circuit 91, a pilot circuit 94, a drain circuit 95, and a relief valve 96.
- the drain circuit 95 communicates with the hydraulic oil tank 29a.
- the logic valve 84 communicates or blocks the input flow path (P port) and the output flow path (R port) according to the pilot pressure of the pilot circuit 94.
- the P port is connected to a hydraulic circuit from the transmission pump 29.
- the R port is connected to the connection circuit 80a as described above.
- the logic valve 84 includes a spring that pushes the poppet toward the P and R ports.
- the port of the logic valve 84 to which the pilot circuit 94 is connected is an X port
- the pressure of the X port is Px
- the pressure receiving area of the X port is Ax
- the pressure of the P port is Pp
- the pressure receiving area of the P port is Ap
- the pressure of the R port is Pr
- the pressure receiving area of the R port is Ar.
- Fs be the force with which the spring pushes the poppet.
- Fx (Ax ⁇ Px) + Fs ---------------- (Formula 1)
- the P and R port side push-up force Fw is expressed as (Equation 2) below.
- the auxiliary circuit 91 is connected to the branch point C1 of the hydraulic oil supply circuit 80 between the transmission pump 29 and the P port of the logic valve 84, and extends to the P port of the electromagnetic valve 90.
- the auxiliary circuit 91 includes a diaphragm 92.
- the throttle 92 serves to prevent the poppet of the logic valve 84 from moving suddenly.
- the auxiliary circuit 91 may include other diaphragms in addition to the diaphragm 92.
- the electromagnetic valve 90 communicates or blocks the P port and the T port. That is, the electromagnetic valve 90 communicates or blocks the auxiliary circuit 91 and the drain circuit 95.
- the drain circuit 95 is connected to the T port of the solenoid valve 90 and the hydraulic oil tank 29a.
- the auxiliary circuit 91 is in communication with the hydraulic oil tank 29a through the electromagnetic valve 90.
- the solenoid valve 90 blocks between the P port and the T port. That is, when the solenoid valve 90 receives a warm-up command from the control unit 31, the solenoid valve 90 blocks the flow path from the auxiliary circuit 91 to the drain circuit 95.
- the pilot circuit 94 branches off from the auxiliary circuit 91. That is, the auxiliary circuit 91 is connected to the pilot circuit 94.
- the diaphragm 92 is provided in the auxiliary circuit 91 between the branch point C1 and the pilot circuit 94.
- the pilot circuit 94 is connected to the X port of the logic valve 84 and the relief valve 96.
- the relief valve 96 is provided between the pilot circuit 94 and the drain circuit 95.
- the relief valve 96 normally shuts off the pilot circuit 94 and the drain circuit 95.
- the pilot pressure of the relief valve 96 hydroaulic pressure in the pilot circuit 94
- the relief valve 96 communicates the pilot circuit 94 and the drain circuit 95.
- the pilot pressure Px of the relief valve 96 is close to 0 and does not reach the cracking pressure Pc2. That is, when the solenoid valve 90 has not received a warm-up command from the control unit 31, the pilot circuit 94 and the drain circuit 95 are disconnected.
- the solenoid valve 90 When the solenoid valve 90 receives a warm-up command from the control unit 31, the P port and the T port of the solenoid valve 90 are shut off, and the pilot pressure Px of the relief valve 96 increases. When the pilot pressure Px reaches the cracking pressure Pc2, the pilot circuit 94 and the drain circuit 95 communicate with each other. That is, when the electromagnetic valve 90 receives a warm-up command from the control unit 31, the pilot pressure Px of the relief valve 96 is increased to the cracking pressure Pc2.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the contents of control when the hydraulic oil is warmed up.
- FIG. 7 (a) is a timing chart showing changes in the command current to the clutch control valves VF, VR, VH, VL, Vm1, and Vm2 when the hydraulic clutches CF, CR, CH, CL, Cm1, and Cm2 are switched.
- FIG. 7 (b) is a timing chart showing changes in the clutch pressure when the hydraulic clutches CF, CR, CH, CL, Cm1, and Cm2 are switched.
- step S1 the work vehicle 1 is activated by an operator's key operation or the like.
- step S2 the work vehicle 1 starts warming up the hydraulic oil.
- the control unit 31 outputs a warm-up command for operating the warm-up function to the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit 81 or the hydraulic oil supply circuit 80. That is, the control unit 31 controls the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit 81 by sending a warm-up command. More specifically, the control unit 31 outputs a warm-up command to the electromagnetic valve 90. As a result, the P port and T port of the electromagnetic valve 90 are blocked. As a result, hydraulic oil pressure loss occurs in the logic valve 84, and the temperature of the hydraulic oil rises. In other words, when the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit 81 receives the warm-up command, it generates a pressure loss in the hydraulic oil flow path to warm the hydraulic oil.
- step S3 the control unit 31 determines whether or not a shift command has been generated.
- the shift command is generated when the control unit 31 determines switching of the speed stage of the transmission 24 according to the vehicle speed and the engine speed, or when the operator manually operates the shift operation member (not shown) to instruct a shift.
- the process proceeds to step S4.
- the time point when the shift command is generated is t0 in FIG.
- step S4 the control unit 31 starts outputting the command current to the clutch control valves VF, VR, VH, VL, Vm1, and Vm2.
- the time point when the output of the command current is started is the time point t1 in FIG.
- a command current having a predetermined trigger command value I1 is output from the control unit 31 to the clutch control valves VF, VR, VH, VL, Vm1, and Vm2. This trigger command is maintained from time t1 to time t2.
- step S5 at time t1, the timer 31b is started and measurement of the time T until the hydraulic oil is filled in the oil chambers of the clutches CF, CR, CH, CL, Cm1, and Cm2 is started. Then, at a time point t2 when a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of trigger command output, the command current is reduced to a predetermined set current value I2. Then, the command current is maintained at the set current value I2 until it is determined in step S6 that the fill is complete.
- step S6 it is determined whether or not the control unit 31 (more specifically, the fill completion determination unit 31b) is in a fill completion state.
- the fill completion determination unit 31b receives the detection signals of the pressure switches TF, TR, TH, TL, Tm1, and Tm2, the fill completion determination unit 31b determines that the fill completion state has been reached.
- the clutch pressure reaches a predetermined fill pressure P2
- detection signals are sent from the pressure switches TF, TR, TH, TL, Tm1, and Tm2 to the fill completion determination unit 31b. It is determined that the fill has been completed. If it is determined that the fill has been completed, the process proceeds to step S7.
- step S7 the timer 31b detects a time T until the hydraulic oil is filled in the oil chambers of the clutches CF, CR, CH, CL, Cm1, and Cm2.
- T t3-t1.
- step S8 the control unit 31 determines whether the measured time T is equal to or less than the predetermined time T0.
- time T is equal to or less than T0 (Yes in step S8)
- step S9 work vehicle 1 finishes warming up the hydraulic oil.
- the control unit 31 ends outputting the warm-up command to the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit 81 or the hydraulic oil supply circuit 80. More specifically, the control unit 31 ends outputting the warm-up command to the electromagnetic valve 90. Thereby, the P port and T port of the solenoid valve 90 are communicated. For this reason, the logic valve 84 is completely opened, and the pressure difference between the P port and the R port disappears, so that the hydraulic oil flows to each clutch without being warmed.
- step S8 If time T is longer than T0 (No in step S8), the process returns to step S3. That is, the control unit 31 continues to output the warm-up command to the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit 81 or the hydraulic oil supply circuit 80. More specifically, the control unit 31 continues to output a warm-up command to the electromagnetic valve 90. Thereby, the warming-up of the hydraulic oil is continued.
- the hydraulic oil supply circuit 80 and the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit 81 may be variously modified in addition to the one shown in FIG.
- a typical modification will be described with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 8 the same components as those in FIG. 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the hydraulic oil supply circuit 80 extends from the transmission pump 29 to the clutch circuit 83 through the connection portions P, Q, and R in order.
- the hydraulic oil supply circuit 80 includes an on-off valve 98.
- the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit 81 includes an auxiliary circuit 91 and a relief valve 96.
- the auxiliary circuit 91 branches from the hydraulic oil supply circuit 80 at the branch point P of the hydraulic oil supply circuit 80 and extends to the branch point R.
- the relief valve 96 is provided on the auxiliary circuit 91.
- the relief valve 96 is juxtaposed with the on-off valve 98.
- the relief valve 96 normally shuts off the auxiliary circuit 91.
- the hydraulic oil supply circuit 80 may further include a drain circuit 95 and a relief valve 99.
- the drain circuit 95 is connected to the hydraulic oil supply circuit 80 (branch point Q) and the hydraulic oil tank 29a.
- the drain circuit 95 is provided with a relief valve 99. That is, the hydraulic oil supply circuit 80 communicates with the hydraulic oil tank 29a via the relief valve 99.
- the relief valve 99 serves to protect the clutch circuit 83 so that a hydraulic pressure greater than the cracking pressure Pc4 of the relief valve 99 is not applied to the clutch circuit 83.
- the on-off valve 98 is provided on the hydraulic oil supply circuit 80.
- the on-off valve 98 is in an open state when it has not received a warm-up command from the control unit 31. That is, the on-off valve 98 makes the branch point P and the branch point Q communicate with each other.
- the on-off valve 98 When the on-off valve 98 receives a warm-up command from the control unit 31, it is closed. That is, the on-off valve 98 blocks between the branch point P and the branch point Q. For this reason, the hydraulic oil flows through the relief valve 96. When the hydraulic oil passes through the relief valve 96, hydraulic oil pressure loss occurs, and the hydraulic oil temperature rises. In other words, when the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit 81 receives the warm-up command, it generates a pressure loss in the hydraulic oil flow path to warm the hydraulic oil. The hydraulic oil warm-up circuit 81 causes the hydraulic oil to flow to the hydraulic oil supply circuit 80 via the relief valve 96.
- step S2 the control unit 31 outputs a warm-up command to the on-off valve 98
- step S9 the control unit 31 outputs the warm-up command. Is different from the control at the time of warming up the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic circuit shown in FIG.
- the work vehicle 1 includes the following features.
- the control unit 31 determines that the viscosity of the hydraulic oil is high and the oil temperature is low, and the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit 81 different from the torque converter Warm up. Therefore, even if the work vehicle 1 does not have a torque converter, the temperature of the hydraulic fluid of the clutches CF, CR, CL, CH, Cm1, and Cm2 can be raised when the work vehicle is started. Further, since the necessity / unnecessity of warm-up is determined without using a temperature sensor that measures the oil temperature of the hydraulic oil, the number of parts of the work vehicle 1 can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.
- the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit 81 includes a logic valve 84 and a pilot circuit 94. Therefore, the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit 81 is not a torque converter.
- the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit 81 receives the warm-up command, the hydraulic oil pressure of the pilot circuit 94 is increased, and the pressure difference (Pp ⁇ Pr) between the hydraulic pressure Pp of the P port of the logic valve 84 and the hydraulic pressure Pr of the R port is increased. ). For this reason, when hydraulic fluid passes through the logic valve 84, pressure loss of the hydraulic fluid occurs, and the hydraulic fluid can be warmed.
- the hydraulic oil warming circuit 81 includes a drain circuit 95, a solenoid valve 90, an auxiliary circuit 91, and a relief valve 96.
- the auxiliary circuit 91 is connected to the branch point C1 of the hydraulic oil supply circuit between the transmission pump 29 and the P port of the logic valve 84 and the pilot circuit 94.
- the relief valve 96 is provided between the pilot circuit 94 and the drain circuit 95.
- the solenoid valve 90 When the solenoid valve 90 does not receive a warm-up command from the control unit 31, the solenoid valve 90 communicates with the auxiliary circuit 91 and the hydraulic oil tank 29a. At this time, the hydraulic pressure Px of the pilot circuit 94 is substantially zero. Therefore, the hydraulic pressure of pilot circuit 94 can be controlled by a warm-up command from control unit 31.
- the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit 81 includes a relief valve 96 provided in parallel with the on-off valve 98. Therefore, the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit 81 is not a torque converter.
- the on-off valve 98 receives a warm-up command, it closes, and the hydraulic oil warm-up circuit 81 causes the hydraulic oil to flow to the hydraulic oil supply circuit 80 via the relief valve 96. For this reason, when the hydraulic oil passes through the relief valve 96, a pressure loss of the hydraulic oil occurs, and the hydraulic oil can be warmed.
- the transmission 24 is a pressure switch TF, TR, TH that transmits a detection signal to the fill completion determination unit 31a when the clutch pressure of the hydraulic clutches CF, CR, CH, CL, Cm1, Cm2 reaches a predetermined pressure. , TL, Tm1, Tm2.
- the timer 31b can accurately measure the time until the hydraulic oil is filled in the oil chambers of the hydraulic clutches CF, CR, CH, CL, Cm1, and Cm2.
- the filling completion state is detected by the pressure switches TF, TR, TH, TL, Tm1, and Tm2.
- sensors are provided to measure the oil pressure in the oil chambers of the clutch pressures of the hydraulic clutches CF, CR, CH, CL, Cm1, Cm2.
- the measured hydraulic pressure is transmitted to the fill completion determination unit 31 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ a, and the fill completion determination unit 31a completes the fill when the transmitted hydraulic pressure reaches a predetermined value P2 (see FIG. 7B) after time t2. It may be determined that the state has been reached.
- the timer 31b can accurately measure the time T until the hydraulic oil is filled in the oil chambers of the hydraulic clutches CF, CR, CH, CL, Cm1, and Cm2.
- the work vehicle 1 may further include a lubrication pump that discharges hydraulic fluid for transmission 24 lubrication.
- the embodiment described above may be applied not only to EMT but also to other types of transmissions such as HMT.
- the first motor MG1 functions as a hydraulic motor and a hydraulic pump.
- the second motor MG2 functions as a hydraulic motor and a hydraulic pump.
- the third motor MG3 functions as a hydraulic motor and a hydraulic pump.
- the first motor MG1, the second motor MG2, and the third motor MG3 are variable displacement pump / motors, and their capacities are controlled by the control unit 31.
- the configuration of the transmission 24 is not limited to the configuration of the above embodiment.
- the connection and arrangement of the elements of the two planetary gear mechanisms 68 and 69 are not limited to the connection and arrangement of the above embodiment.
- the number of planetary gear mechanisms is not limited to two.
- the transmission may include one planetary gear mechanism.
- the number of motors is not limited to three.
- the number of motors may be 1, 2, or 4 or more.
- the third motor MG3 may be omitted.
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Abstract
Description
まず、Ar/Ax=α(0<α<1)とすると、Ap/Ax=1-αと表される。
このとき、Xポート側押し付け力Fxは、以下の(式1)のように表される。
Fx=(Ax・Px)+Fs -------------(式1)
P,Rポート側押し上げ力Fwは、以下の(式2)のように表される。
Fw=(Ap・Pp)+( Ar・Pr)={(1-α)・Ax・Pp}+ (α・Ax ・Pr) -----(式2)
Fx<Fwの関係を満たすとき、ロジック弁84は閉じた状態から開いた状態に変化する。そして、Fx>Fwの関係を満たすとき、ロジック弁84は開いた状態から閉じた状態に変化する。Fx=Fwの関係を満たすとき、弁が動かない平衡状態となる。
Pp > [Px + Fs/Fx] / (1-α) ------(式3)
なお、上述する式におけるFs/Fxは、Pxよりも十分小さい値であり、αも0に近い値である。したがって、Ppは、Pxよりも少し大きな値である。
Pp = [Px -α・Pr + Fs/Fx] / (1-α) ------(式4)
(式4)から明らかなようにPrが上昇すれば、Ppも下がる。そして、PrはPpに近い値となる。同時に、ロジック弁84が開くことにより、Xポートに溜まっていた作動油がリリーフ弁96に押し出されることにより、Pxが上昇する。そのため、Fx>Fwとなり再びロジック弁84が閉じる。ロジック弁96が閉じると、作動油がPポートからRポートへ流れなくなることから、再びPpが上昇する。そして、Ppが(式5)を満たすときに、再びロジック弁96が開く。
Pp > [Px -α・Pr + Fs/Fx] / (1-α) ------(式5)
電磁弁90は暖機指令を受けている場合、上述する状態を繰り返すことによって、圧力差のあるPポートとRポートとを介して作動油が流れることとなる。これによって、作動油が継続的に温められる。電磁弁90が暖機指令を受けなくなると、PポートとTポートとが連通される。この場合、Pxが0に近い値となるため、Fxが小さい値となる。したがって、Fx<Fwとなり、ロジック弁84が連続的に開く状態となる。この場合、Pr=Ppとなるため、圧力損失が生じない。したがって、作動油がロジック弁84により温められなくなる。
以下、制御部31によって実行される作動油暖機時の制御について、図6及び図7に基づいて説明する。図6は、作動油暖機時の制御内容を示すフローチャートである。図7 (a)は、油圧クラッチCF,CR,CH,CL,Cm1,Cm2の切換時のクラッチ制御弁VF,VR,VH,VL,Vm1,Vm2への指令電流の変化を表すタイミングチャートである。図7 (b)は、油圧クラッチCF,CR,CH,CL,Cm1,Cm2の切換時のクラッチ圧の変化を示すタイミングチャートである。
作動油供給回路80及び作動油暖機回路81は、図5に示されたもの以外に、多様に変形されてもよい。ここでは、代表的な変形例を、図8を用いて説明する。図8では、図5と同じ構成要素については、同じ符号を付しており、詳細な説明を省略する。
本実施形態に係る作業車両1は、以下の特徴を備える。
以上、本発明の一実施形態について説明したが、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の変更が可能である。
Claims (8)
- エンジンと、
前記エンジンからの駆動力を変速するトランスミッションと、
前記トランスミッションに作動油を供給する作動油供給回路と、
前記作動油を温める作動油暖機回路と、
前記トランスミッション、前記作動油供給回路、及び前記作動油暖機回路を制御する制御部と、
を備え、
前記トランスミッションは、
油圧クラッチと、
前記油圧クラッチへ供給される前記作動油の圧力を前記制御部からの指令に従って制御するクラッチ制御弁と、
を含み、
前記制御部は、前記作動油の油温が低いと判定すると、暖機機能を働かせる暖機指令を出力し、
前記作動油暖機回路は、前記作動油の流路において圧力損失を発生させて、前記作動油を温める、
作業車両。 - 前記作動油供給回路は、
前記クラッチ制御弁に接続する接続回路と、
トランスミッションポンプと、
を含み、
前記作動油暖機回路は、
ロジック弁と、
前記ロジック弁のパイロット回路と、
を含み、
前記ロジック弁は、
前記トランスミッションポンプからの油圧回路に接続するPポートと、
前記接続回路に接続するRポートと、
を含み、
前記作動油暖機回路は、前記暖機指令を受けると、前記パイロット回路の油圧を高め、前記Pポートの油圧と前記Rポートの油圧との間で圧力差を生じさせ、前記圧力差による圧力損失を利用して、前記Pポートから前記Rポートに前記作動油を流すことによって前記作動油を温める、請求項1に記載の作業車両。 - 前記作動油暖機回路は、
ドレン回路と、
前記Pポート及び前記パイロット回路に接続する補助回路と、
前記補助回路と前記ドレン回路とを連通もしくは遮断する電磁弁と、
前記パイロット回路と前記ドレン回路との間に設けられるリリーフ弁と、
を含み、
前記暖機指令を受けると、前記電磁弁は、前記補助回路から前記ドレン回路への流路を遮断し、前記パイロット回路の油圧が前記リリーフ弁のクラッキング圧まで高められる、請求項2に記載の作業車両。 - 前記作動油供給回路は、開閉弁を含み、
前記作動油暖機回路は、前記開閉弁に並設されたリリーフ弁を含み、
前記開閉弁が前記暖機指令を受けると閉状態となることによって、前記作動油暖機回路は、前記作業油を、前記リリーフ弁を介して前記作動油供給回路に流す、請求項1に記載の作業車両。 - 前記制御部は、
前記油圧クラッチの油室に前記作動油が満たされたフィル完了状態となったか否かを判定するフィル完了判定部と、
変速指令、又は、前記クラッチ制御弁への指令電流の出力開始後、前記フィル完了状態となるまでの時間を測定するタイマと、
を含み、
前記制御部は、前記タイマにより測定された時間が所定時間より長い場合、前記油温が低いと判定する、請求項1に記載の作業車両。 - 前記トランスミッションは、前記油圧クラッチのクラッチ圧が所定の圧力に達したときに検知信号を前記フィル完了判定部に送信する圧力スイッチを含み、
前記フィル完了判定部は、前記検知信号を受信すると、前記フィル完了状態となったと判定する、請求項5に記載の作業車両。 - 前記トランスミッションは、前記油圧クラッチの油室の油圧を測定し、前記測定した油圧を前記フィル完了判定部に送信する油圧センサを含み、
前記フィル完了判定部は、前記油圧センサから送信された油圧が所定値に到達すると、前記フィル完了状態となったと判定する、請求項5に記載の作業車両。 - 前記トランスミッションは、
入力軸と、
出力軸と、
遊星歯車機構を含み、前記入力軸の回転を前記出力軸に伝達する歯車機構と、
前記遊星歯車機構の回転要素に接続されるモータと、
をさらに含み、
前記トランスミッションは、前記モータの回転速度の変化に応じて、前記入力軸に対する前記出力軸の回転速度比を変化させるように構成されている、請求項1から7のいずれかに記載の作業車両。
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US14/903,316 US9625033B2 (en) | 2013-08-20 | 2014-06-18 | Work vehicle |
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JP6320741B2 (ja) * | 2013-12-16 | 2018-05-09 | 株式会社小松製作所 | 作業車両及び作業車両の制御方法 |
FR3026811B1 (fr) * | 2014-10-03 | 2016-12-09 | Poclain Hydraulics Ind | Procede d'assistance hydraulique de l'entrainement d'un vehicule a basse vitesse |
US9932799B2 (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2018-04-03 | Canadian Oilfield Cryogenics Inc. | Tractor and high pressure nitrogen pumping unit |
JP6345194B2 (ja) * | 2016-01-25 | 2018-06-20 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | ハイブリッド車両 |
CN109797802A (zh) * | 2019-02-14 | 2019-05-24 | 青岛雷沃工程机械有限公司 | 一种挖掘机自动预热的控制装置 |
JP7419064B2 (ja) * | 2019-12-27 | 2024-01-22 | 株式会社クボタ | 作業車両 |
US11585428B2 (en) | 2020-09-08 | 2023-02-21 | Deere & Company | Cold start lubricant distribution systems and work vehicles including the same |
CN112412550B (zh) * | 2020-12-01 | 2024-08-16 | 沧州华润热电有限公司 | 一种汽轮机的暖机方法及暖机系统 |
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EP3009715A4 (en) | 2016-08-17 |
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