WO2015008519A1 - 微粒子測定装置 - Google Patents

微粒子測定装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015008519A1
WO2015008519A1 PCT/JP2014/061614 JP2014061614W WO2015008519A1 WO 2015008519 A1 WO2015008519 A1 WO 2015008519A1 JP 2014061614 W JP2014061614 W JP 2014061614W WO 2015008519 A1 WO2015008519 A1 WO 2015008519A1
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Prior art keywords
branch
flow path
channel
measuring apparatus
particle measuring
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PCT/JP2014/061614
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
友規 加茂
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シャープ株式会社
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Publication of WO2015008519A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015008519A1/ja

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
    • G01N15/0255—Investigating particle size or size distribution with mechanical, e.g. inertial, classification, and investigation of sorted collections
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/2202—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/24—Suction devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
    • G01N15/0205—Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
    • G01N2015/0288—Sorting the particles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fine particle measuring apparatus.
  • Patent Document 1 As an example of a fine particle measuring apparatus that separates fine particles floating in the atmosphere and measures the amount of the separated fine particles, an apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 can be given, for example.
  • the fine particle separation method disclosed in Patent Document 1 particles floating in a fluid are accelerated and separated by inertial force.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the separation method disclosed in Patent Document 1.
  • the main flow 11 and the tributary 12 are arranged in opposite directions, and the particle-containing fluid 15 containing suspended particles is inclined to the tributary 12 side. It is introduced through the nozzle 16 through the passage 16.
  • the main flow 11 and the tributary 12 pass through an intake passage that is sucked by a pump, a measuring instrument, or the like. By being sucked by the main flow 11 and the branch flow 12, the particle-containing fluid 15 is introduced into the system through the inflow path 16.
  • the particle-containing fluid 15 introduced into the system is accelerated in the nozzle portion 17, and the coarse particles 110 have a large inertial force, so that they are carried on the main flow 11 and removed from the main suction passage 112. Further, since the microparticle 18 has a small inertial force, it is reversed by the branch path 13 and is sent to the branch suction path 114 by being placed on the branch stream 12 in the reverse direction. As a result, the fine particles 18 and the coarse particles 110 contained in the particle-containing fluid 15 are separated.
  • the particle classification characteristics are changed by adjusting the flow rate of the main flow 11 and the tributary 12 or adjusting the overall length of the nozzle portion 17 and its interval by moving the movable member such as the sampling pipe 116 up and down. be able to.
  • the separation device disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a conical hole-shaped base, and a sampling tube 116 is provided at the center of the conical hole shape. In such a configuration, it is difficult to arrange the main flow 11 and the tributary 12 in the opposite directions by suction by one drive source.
  • the first type of fine particle measuring apparatus is based on the principle that the particle size of the particle is estimated from the intensity of the scattered light, for example, by irradiating light to particles in the atmosphere without dividing the particles. It is said.
  • This type of device has a problem that the particle detecting sensor is expensive, so that the sensor for detecting the particles becomes expensive. With an inexpensive sensor, it is difficult to measure the particle size.
  • the second type of fine particle measuring apparatus is based on the principle that particles in the atmosphere are sized using a cyclone, and the sized particles are detected and measured.
  • This type of device has a problem that dust accumulates in the cyclone.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a microparticle measuring apparatus that is small and inexpensive.
  • a particle measuring apparatus branches at an introduction channel that introduces a gas from the outside and a branching portion at a terminal opposite to the outside in the introduction channel.
  • a drive unit, and a measurement unit that is provided in the middle of the branch flow channel and measures fine particles in the gas.
  • the main flow channel extends in the same direction as the air flow direction in the introduction flow channel.
  • the branch flow path extends in a direction opposite to the air flow direction in the introduction flow path, and the introduction flow path, the main flow path, and the fluid drive unit are arranged in the same direction. It is a feature.
  • FIG. 1 It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the fine particle measuring apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which showed schematic structure of the gas flow path formed in the fine particle measuring apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which showed typically the airflow which generate
  • FIG. 1 The schematic structure of the gas flow path formed in the microparticle measuring apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention is shown, (a) is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the whole gas flow path, (b) is a branch part. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the gas flow path in the vicinity. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the microparticles
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration in which an angle formed by a main flow of a main flow path and a tributary of a branch flow path is 90 degrees in the particulate measurement device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the microparticles
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a particle measuring apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment.
  • the fine particle measuring apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment sucks a gas (for example, air) from the outside, and measures the amount of fine particles having a desired particle size contained in the gas.
  • a gas for example, air
  • the fine particle measurement device 10 includes a sensor 1 (measurement unit), an intake unit 2, a sizing unit 3, and a fan 4 (fluid drive unit). Yes.
  • the particulate measuring apparatus 10 introduces external air from the intake section 2 by driving a fan 4 as a single fluid drive section.
  • the air introduced into the particle measuring apparatus 10 passes through a gas flow path formed in the apparatus and is discharged to the outside through the fan 4.
  • the sensor 1 is provided in the middle of the gas flow path formed in the fine particle measuring apparatus 10 and measures the amount of fine particles contained in the passing air.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a gas flow path formed in the particle measuring apparatus 10.
  • the gas flow path formed in the particle measuring apparatus 10 is composed of an introduction flow path 5a, a main flow path 5b, a branch flow path 5c, and a discharge path 5d.
  • the introduction flow path 5a is formed in the intake part 2 and is a flow path for introducing gas (air) from the outside.
  • the main flow path 5b and the branch flow path 5c are flow paths branched at the branch portion A that is the end of the introduction flow path 5a opposite to the outside. Further, the discharge path 5d joins the main flow path 5b and the branch flow path 5c, and is a flow path for discharging gas to the outside.
  • the sensor 1 is provided in the middle of the branch channel 5c, and measures the amount of fine particles in the gas passing through the branch channel 5c.
  • the sensor 1 measures the amount of fine particles in a gas by, for example, irradiating light on fine particles in a passing air stream and detecting light scattered from the fine particles (that is, a light scattering method).
  • the sensor 1 is not limited to the light scattering method, and may measure the amount of fine particles in the gas by a gravimetric method.
  • the structure of the discharge path 5d is not limited to the structure of FIG. 2, The structure which the housing
  • the fan 4 functions as a fluid drive unit that generates an air flow from the introduction channel 5a to the discharge channel 5d via the main channel 5b and the branch channel 5c.
  • the fan 4 is a centrifugal fan. Therefore, in the fine particle measuring apparatus 10, when the gas introduction port of the introduction channel 5a is on the upper side, a discharge port (not shown) through which gas is discharged to the outside is provided on the side surface of the discharge channel 5d. Therefore, the discharge direction F of the gas flowing into the discharge path 5d to the outside is an in-plane direction perpendicular to the vertical direction of the particle measuring device 10.
  • the fluid drive part in this embodiment is not limited to the fan 4 shown by FIG. 2, It can generate the airflow which goes to the discharge path 5d via the main flow path 5b and the branch flow path 5c from the introduction flow path 5a. Anything can be used.
  • the fluid drive unit may be a pump.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an air flow generated in the fine particle measuring apparatus 10 by the fan 4.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the state of sizing at the branching portion A of the particle-containing fluid introduced into the system through the introduction flow path 5a.
  • an air fluid containing suspended particles passes through the introduction flow path 5a inclined toward the branch flow path 5c to measure fine particles. It is introduced into the device 10 (air flow 6a).
  • the introduction flow path 5a is an area surrounded by the flow path toward the branching portion A (also referred to as an area surrounded by a side wall constituting the flow path) in a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the direction of the air flow 6a. The area is expressed as “area”. Therefore, the particle-containing fluid introduced into the introduction flow path 5a is accelerated along the air flow 6a toward the branch portion A.
  • the air flow 6a of the particle-containing fluid branches into the main flow 6b and the tributary 6c at the branch portion A.
  • the main flow 6b and the branch flow 6c pass through the main channel 5b and the branch channel 5c sucked by the fan 4, respectively.
  • a particle-containing fluid such as the atmosphere can be introduced into the system through the introduction flow path 5a.
  • the particle-containing fluid sucked into the system includes the particle-containing fluid containing the fine particles 7b having the desired particle diameter and the desired particles when the air flow 6a branches into the main flow 6b and the tributary 6c in the branch portion A. It is divided into a particle-containing fluid containing coarse particles 7a other than the diameter.
  • the mainstream 6b includes a particle-containing fluid containing coarse particles 7a other than the desired particle diameter.
  • the tributary flow 6c includes a particle-containing fluid including microparticles 7b having a desired particle diameter.
  • the particle-containing fluid sucked into the system by the fan 4 accelerates toward the branch portion A of the introduction flow path 5a. Since the coarse particles 7a having a relatively large particle size have a large inertia force, they are placed on the main flow 6b and discharged from the main flow channel 5b to the discharge channel 5d. On the other hand, the microparticle 7b having a relatively small particle size has a small inertial force. Therefore, the movement of the microparticles 7b is governed by the viscosity of the particle-containing fluid. For this reason, the fine particles 7b are sent to the main flow path 5b and the branch flow path 5c by being placed on the main flow 6b and the branch flow 6c in the opposite direction to the main flow 6b.
  • the coarse particles 7a included in the particle-containing fluid sucked by the fan 4 are mainstream in the branch portion A due to the above-described flow path configuration and the arrangement of the fan 4 and the like. It does not get mixed into the branch flow path 5c extending in the direction opposite to the path 5b.
  • the microparticles 7b exist in both the main channel 5b and the branch channel 5c.
  • the particle-containing fluid containing fine particles 7b sent to the branch flow path 5c rides on the branch flow 6c, flows into the sensor 1 from the inlet B, and flows out from the outlet C. By passing through the sensor 1 in this way, the amount of fine particles 7b contained in the particle-containing fluid is measured.
  • the particle-containing fluid containing the fine particles 7b flowing out from the outlet C of the sensor 1 flows out toward the discharge path 5d.
  • the introduction flow path 5a, the main flow path 5b, and the fan 4 are arranged in substantially the same direction.
  • the coarse particle 7a becomes easy to be discharged
  • the main flow 6b of the particle-containing fluid including the coarse particles 7a is the shortest distance from the branch portion A toward the discharge path 5d disposed on the lower side.
  • the main flow path 5b extending so as to be discharged from the discharge path 5d.
  • the tributary 6c of the particle-containing fluid including the microparticles 7b extends from the branch portion A in the opposite direction to the main flow path 5b, passes through the branch path 5c, bypasses the sensor 1 and joins the discharge path 5d. It is discharged from the discharge path 5d.
  • the particle-containing fluid containing the coarse particles 7a among the particle-containing fluid sucked from the outside passes through the sensor 1. Without being discharged outside.
  • the particle-containing fluid containing the fine particles 7 b is discharged to the outside after the amount is measured by the sensor 1.
  • the air flow 6a of the particle-containing fluid sucked from the outside is branched into the main flow 6b and the tributary flow 6c at the branching portion A, and the coarse particles 7a and The fine particles 7b are sized. Furthermore, the main flow 6b and the tributary 6c are merged in one discharge path 5d and discharged to the outside. Further, the branching of the main flow 6b and the branch flow 6c is realized by the fan 4 which is a single fluid drive source. Then, by providing the sensor 1 in the middle of the branch flow path 5c, the amount of fine particles 7b in the particle-containing fluid of the branch flow 6c is measured.
  • the fine particle measuring apparatus 10 is based on the principle that the coarse particles 7a and the fine particles 7b are divided according to the size of the particles using inertia. Therefore, in order to improve the sizing accuracy of the coarse particles 7a and the fine particles 7b, the flow velocity of the air flow 6a immediately before the branching portion A of the introduction flow path 5a is maximized, and after branching into the main flow 6b and the branch flow 6c. It is important to rapidly reduce the respective flow rates.
  • the movement of particles in a particle-containing fluid is roughly classified into two types depending on the particle size.
  • the relatively large particles (coarse particles 7a) move according to inertia, they continue to move straight and are guided to the main flow path 5b even if the flow velocity decreases after branching to the main flow 6b.
  • the relatively small particles (microparticles 7b) move according to the flow of the branch 6c after branching to the branch 6c because the movement is governed by the viscosity of the particle-containing fluid.
  • the branch flow path 5c is configured as one flow path from the branch portion A through the sensor 1 that measures the microparticles 7b to the confluence to the discharge path 5d. Therefore, it is difficult to change the flow rate of the branch 6c at a position in the middle of the branch channel 5c.
  • the particle measuring apparatus 10 in order to change the flow velocity of the branch 6c in the branch channel 5c, has an area (branch) surrounded by the branch channel 5c in a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the direction of the branch 6c in the branch channel 5c. This is also referred to as the area surrounded by the side walls constituting the channel 5c (hereinafter referred to as the channel cross-sectional area).
  • the flow rate is expressed as the equation: channel cross-sectional area ⁇ flow velocity. In the above formula, in order to change the flow velocity without changing the flow rate, it is necessary to change the flow path cross-sectional area.
  • the channel cross-sectional area S of the branch channel 5 c at the branch A is at an arbitrary position other than the branch A. This is larger than the smallest minimum area in the cross-sectional area of the flow channel 5c. Specifically, the channel cross-sectional area S of the branch channel 5c at the branch portion A is larger than an area twice as large as the minimum area.
  • the flow velocity immediately after branching to the branch 6c is sharply reduced, and the sizing accuracy of the coarse particles 7a and the minute particles 7b is increased. Can be improved. In addition, it becomes possible to take in more fine particles 7b into the branch channel 5c.
  • the channel cross-sectional area S of the branch channel 5c at the branch portion A is equal to or smaller than twice the minimum area, the flow velocity immediately after branching to the branch flow 6c is equal to the flow velocity immediately before branching, or Since it becomes higher than the flow velocity immediately before branching, coarse particles 7a that should flow into the main flow path 5b may flow into the branch flow path 5c.
  • the positions where the flow passage cross-sectional area of the branch flow passage 5c is the smallest and smallest are the inlet B and the outlet C in the sensor 1.
  • the flow path cross-sectional area S of the branch flow path 5 c at the branch portion A is larger than twice the area of the flow path cross-sectional area Sb of the inlet B in the sensor 1.
  • the area is larger than twice the cross-sectional area Sc of the outlet C.
  • the width of the flux of the branch 6c passing through the sensor 1 can be reduced. Therefore, the microparticles 7b can be passed through the sensor 1 by the branch flow 6c having a narrower flux. For this reason, for example, when the sensor 1 measures the fine particles 7b by the light scattering method, the tributary 6c in which the fine particles 7b are more concentrated is irradiated with light, and the amount of the fine particles 7b is measured with high accuracy. can do.
  • the main flow path 5b through which the main flow 6b of the particle-containing fluid including the coarse particles 7a passes is extended to the shortest distance toward the discharge path 5d arranged on the lower side, and is connected to the discharge path 5d.
  • the branch flow path 5c through which the branch flow 6c of the particle-containing fluid containing the microparticles 7b passes extends in the opposite direction to the main flow path 5b from the branch portion A, bypasses the sensor 1 and is connected to the discharge path 5d.
  • the main flow path 5b discharges the main flow 6b directly to the outside by the fan 4, so that the flow path length is relatively short.
  • the branch channel 5c is provided with a sensor 1 in the middle, and the branch channel 6c is configured to pass through the sensor 1, so that the channel length is relatively long. Since the particle measuring apparatus 10 includes the sensor 1 in the middle of the branch channel 5c and uses only one fan 4 as a fluid drive source, the channel length of the branch channel 5c is longer than the channel length of the main channel 5b. It becomes the composition.
  • the flow path length of the branch flow path 5c is longer than the flow path length of the main flow path 5b, so that the flow resistance of the branch flow 6c in the branch flow path 5c increases as a whole, and the branch flow 6c in the branch portion A increases.
  • the flow rate can be lowered.
  • the position of the inlet of the branch flow path 5 c in the branch portion A is arranged below the position of the inlet B of the sensor 1 in the gravity direction.
  • the direction of the branch flow 6c branched at the branch portion A is the direction opposite to the direction of gravity.
  • Sensor 1 has a measurement object of fine particles 7b such as PM2.5.
  • the air flow 6a of the particle-containing fluid flowing from the introduction flow path 5a includes coarse particles 7a such as dust in addition to the fine particles 7b.
  • the coarse particles 7a move straight by inertia and are discharged from the discharge path 5d.
  • the position of the inlet of the branch channel 5c in the branch portion A is lower than the position of the inlet B of the sensor 1 in the gravity direction.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic configuration of the gas channel formed in the particle measuring apparatus according to the present embodiment
  • FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the entire gas channel
  • (B) is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the gas flow path in the branch part vicinity.
  • the introduction flow path 5a, the main flow path 5b, and the fan 4 are substantially in the same direction as the direction of the airflow passing through the introduction flow path 5a. Are arranged.
  • a coarse particle is discharged
  • the coarse particles contained in the main stream of the particle-containing fluid branched at the branching portion are linearly moved by the inertial force and discharged to the outside. Therefore, when the flow velocity of the tributary at the branching portion is large, the force of the component in the tributary direction is applied to the coarse particles, so that the linear motion of the coarse particles is impaired. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 5B, the direction of the air flow 6a of the particle-containing fluid introduced from the introduction flow path 5a is deviated at the branching portion, and does not branch to the opening D side of the main flow path 5b. . As a result, the coarse particles contained in the airflow 6a may collide with the wall and flow backward to the branch flow path 5c.
  • the flow rate of the tributary branching to the branch passage 5c at the branch portion is small. Therefore, in the fine particle measuring apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, in the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the direction of the branch in the branch channel 5c, the channel cross-sectional area S of the branch channel 5c in the branch A is any other than the branch. It is larger than the smallest minimum area in the channel cross-sectional area of the branch channel 5c at the position. In addition, the minimum area where the channel cross-sectional area of the branch channel 5c is the smallest is the channel cross-sectional area Sb at the inlet and the channel cross-sectional area Sc at the outlet in the sensor 1.
  • the particle-containing fluid passing through the apparatus is branched into a main flow having a low flow resistance (a high flow velocity) and a branch flow having a high flow resistance (a low flow velocity), and the main flow and the branch flow after branching are merged.
  • the discharge direction is the same for the mainstream and tributaries. Further, the direction of the main flow and the direction of intake into the apparatus are matched, and the direction of the tributary is set to a direction different from the intake direction.
  • the measurement part (sensor 1) is arrange
  • the amount of microparticles to be measured included in the tributary of the particle-containing fluid can be measured in real time. Furthermore, it is possible to measure fine particles using a small and inexpensive apparatus.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the fine particle measuring apparatus 10A according to the present embodiment.
  • the particulate measurement device 10A includes a sensor 1 (measurement unit), an intake unit 2, a sizing unit 3, and a fan 4A (fluid drive unit). Yes.
  • the fine particle measuring apparatus 10A is configured to introduce external air from the intake section 2 by driving a fan 4A as a single fluid drive section.
  • the air introduced into the fine particle measuring apparatus 10A passes through a gas flow path formed in the apparatus and is discharged to the outside through the fan 4A.
  • the sensor 1 is provided in the middle of the gas flow path formed in the fine particle measuring apparatus 10A, and measures the amount of fine particles contained in the passing air.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a gas flow path formed in the particle measuring apparatus 10A.
  • the gas flow path formed in the fine particle measuring apparatus 10A includes an introduction flow path 5a, a main flow path 5b, and a branch flow path 5c.
  • the particle measuring apparatus 10A according to the present embodiment is different from the particle measuring apparatus 10 according to the above-described embodiment in that the gas flow path does not have a discharge path that joins the main flow path 5b and the branch flow path 5c. .
  • the fine particle measuring apparatus 10A includes a partition plate 8 that partitions the main flow 6b discharged from the main flow path 5b toward the fan 4A and the branch flow 6c discharged from the branch flow path 5c toward the fan 4A.
  • the partition plate 8 is located at the center of the gas suction surface 41 of the fan 4A.
  • the outlet part of the main channel 5b and the outlet part of the branch channel 5c are configured to be adjacent to each other through the partition plate 8.
  • the partition plate 8 prevents the main flow 6b and the tributary 6c from joining. As a result, the backflow of particles can be prevented between the main channel 5b and the branch channel 5c.
  • the position of the partition plate 8 is not limited to the center of the gas suction surface 41. On the gas suction surface 41 partitioned by the partition plate 8, the area through which the main flow 6b passes and the area through which the tributary 6c pass are different. May be. Thus, by arranging the partition plate 8 at a position shifted from the center, it is possible to realize the fine particle measuring apparatus 10A in which the ratio between the flow velocity of the main flow 6b and the flow velocity of the tributary 6c is changed.
  • the particle measuring apparatus 10A according to the present embodiment is different from the particle measuring apparatus 10 according to the above-described embodiment in that the fan 4A is an axial fan. Therefore, in the fine particle measurement apparatus 10A, when the gas introduction port of the introduction flow path 5a is set to the upper side, the gas discharge direction F to the outside is a direction parallel to the vertical direction of the fine particle measurement apparatus 10A.
  • the gas discharge direction F to the outside is substantially the same as the gas flow 6a introduced into the introduction flow path 5a. That is, in the fine particle measuring apparatus 10A, the direction of the air flow 6a to be introduced and the discharge direction F of the gas discharged to the outside are the same direction (vertical direction). For this reason, the fine particle measuring apparatus 10A is suitable for being mounted on a thin electronic device as long as the upper and lower installation spaces can be secured.
  • FIG. 7 shows a state in which the particle measuring device 10A is installed in the casing 21 of the air cleaner.
  • the particle measuring apparatus 10A is installed on the wall of the casing 21.
  • the gas discharge direction F of the particle measuring apparatus 10A is the downward direction, the dimension in the depth direction G of the housing 21 can be reduced and the thickness can be reduced.
  • the sensor 1 is disposed on the side opposite to the fan 4A in the branch portion A.
  • the branch flow path 5c extends from the entrance at the branch portion A toward the opposite side of the fan 4A at the branch portion A, bypasses the sensor 1, and further from the sensor 1 to the fan 4A at the branch portion A. Extending toward the outlet located on the same side as the. Therefore, all parts of the branch flow path 5c are provided at positions closer to the fan 4A than the gas introduction port E, which is the outer end of the introduction flow path 5a. That is, as shown in FIG.
  • the maximum height position Ha which is the position of the gas inlet E, is higher than the maximum height position Hb of the branch channel 5c.
  • the maximum height position Hb of the branch flow path 5c is closer to the fan 4A than the maximum height position Ha, which is the position of the gas inlet E.
  • the direction of the tributary 12 is 180 degrees opposite to the main flow 11 and is flush with the direction of the main flow 11.
  • the position of the branch suction path 114 of the branch 12 must be higher than the air introduction portion.
  • the support suction path 114 is significantly lengthened.
  • the flow resistance of the branch suction path 114 of the branch 12 is large, so that a high-power fan is required to generate the branch 12. . Therefore, a high-power fan causes an increase in cost.
  • the angle ⁇ between the direction of the main flow 6b and the direction of the tributary 6c is smaller than 180 degrees.
  • the branch channel 5c is arranged on the fan 4A side with respect to the gas introduction port E of the introduction channel 5a. That is, the maximum height position Ha, which is the position of the gas inlet E, is higher than the maximum height position Hb of the branch flow path 5c. For this reason, it can suppress that the dimension of 10 A of microparticles
  • angle ⁇ formed by the main flow 6b of the main flow path 5b and the branch flow 6c of the branch flow path 5c is preferably in the range of 120 degrees or more and 150 degrees or less, and more preferably 130 degrees.
  • the angle ⁇ formed by the main flow 6b of the main flow path 5b and the branch flow 6c of the branch flow path 5c is 90 degrees or more and less than 120 degrees, coarse particles are liable to flow into the branch flow 6c at the branch section. This is not preferable because the sizing performance of fine particles and coarse particles is lowered.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration in which the angle ⁇ formed by the main flow 6b of the main flow path 5b and the branch flow 6c of the branch flow path 5c is 90 degrees.
  • the direction of the main flow 6b is the direction of gravity and the same direction as the air flow 6a. Therefore, it can be said that the configuration of FIG. 9 is a configuration in which the tributary 6c branches from the branching portion at 90 degrees with respect to the direction of gravity.
  • the flow path resistance of the tributary 6c is reduced.
  • an air flow in the direction of arrow I tends to occur.
  • the probability that a coarse particle will flow in into the tributary 6c becomes high. Therefore, in order to reliably prevent the coarse particles from flowing into the branch 6c at the branching portion and to improve the sizing performance of the fine particles and the coarse particles, the main flow 6b of the main channel 5b and the branch 6c of the branch channel 5c
  • the formed angle ⁇ is preferably 120 degrees or more. That is, when the front side in the direction of the main flow 6b is the fan side, the branch flow 6c is preferably branched at an angle ⁇ of 120 degrees or more toward the rear side with respect to the direction of the main flow 6b in the branch portion.
  • the tributary 6c when the angle ⁇ formed between the main flow 6b and the tributary 6c is greater than 150 degrees and equal to or less than 180 degrees, the tributary 6c is at the branching portion with respect to the direction of the main flow 6b (the same as the direction of the air flow 6a and the direction of gravity). It branches at an angle ⁇ close to 180 degrees toward the rear side. In such a configuration, the flow path resistance of the tributary 6c increases. Therefore, the number of fans cannot be reduced, and the apparatus module is increased in size. Therefore, it becomes difficult to generate the main flow 6b and the tributary flow 6c by the intake air by one fan (or two small fans).
  • the angle ⁇ formed by the main flow 6b and the tributary 6c is preferably 150 degrees or less. That is, when the front side in the direction of the main flow 6b is the fan side, the branch flow 6c is preferably branched at an angle ⁇ of 150 degrees or less toward the rear side with respect to the direction of the main flow 6b.
  • the main flow path 5b extends from the branch portion in substantially the same direction as the introduction flow path 5a.
  • the branch channel 5c extends in a direction different from the introduction channel 5a from the branch portion.
  • the main channel 5b extends in substantially the same direction as the introduction channel 5a, the direction of the air flow 6a and the direction of the tributary 6c in the introduction channel 5a are the same. For this reason, the coarse particles contained in the airflow 6a of the introduction flow path 5a cannot change the moving direction with respect to the direction of the airflow 6a due to the influence of the inertial force acting on the particles. For this reason, the coarse particles flow into the main flow 6b in the same direction as the air flow 6a at the branch portion. In addition, since the branch flow path 5c extends from the branch portion in a direction different from the introduction flow path 5a, coarse particles are less likely to flow into the branch flow 6c.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the particle measuring apparatus 10B according to the present embodiment.
  • the particle measuring apparatus 10B according to the present embodiment is different from the particle measuring apparatuses 10 and 10A according to the first to third embodiments in that the particle measuring apparatus 10B includes a drive control unit 43 that controls the drive output of the fan 4A.
  • the drive output of the fan is made variable by the drive control unit 43.
  • fine particle sizing in the fine particle measuring device may change the classification range of fine particles (the range of fine particle diameters that can be classified) in accordance with “the speed of the particles when the particles are divided at the branch portion”.
  • the speed of the particles when sizing at the branch portion is determined by the sum of the suction forces by the two drive sources. For this reason, when changing the speed of the particles in order to change the classification range of the fine particles, it is necessary to change the suction forces of the two driving sources so that the total suction force becomes a desired suction amount.
  • the particle measuring apparatus 10B includes one fan 4A as a drive source, and the drive output (suction force) of the fan 4A is variable by the drive control unit 43.
  • the “velocity of particles when sizing at a branching portion” can be changed more simply than the apparatus of Document 1.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the particle measuring apparatus 10B according to this embodiment in which the fan is driven in the intermittent drive mode.
  • a power supply unit 42 that supplies power for generating a drive output by the fan 4A as a fluid drive unit, and driving from the power supply unit 42 to the fan 4A.
  • a drive control unit 43 that controls supply of electric power is provided.
  • the particle measuring apparatus 10B includes a detection control unit 31 that controls the detection operation of the sensor 1.
  • the detection control unit 31 includes a detection state switching unit 31a that switches between a detection state in which the sensor 1 detects particles and a non-detection state in which the sensor 1 does not detect particles, that is, particle detection is stopped.
  • the drive control unit 43 includes the first voltage driving state by the first input voltage VH0 as the first voltage from the power supply unit 42 to the fan 4A as the fluid drive unit, and the fan from the power supply unit 42 to the fan 4A.
  • the driving operation in the intermittent driving mode in which the second voltage driving state by the second input voltage VL0 as the second voltage lower than the first input voltage VH0 to 4A is continuously repeated is performed.
  • the detection state switching unit 31a is a detection that causes the sensor 1 to detect particles during each repetition in continuous repetition of the first voltage driving state and the second voltage driving state when driving in the intermittent driving mode. Switching between the state and the non-detection state in which the particle detection unit does not detect particles is performed one or more times.
  • the method of reducing the drive output of the fan by the drive control unit is not limited to the method of reducing by the above-described intermittent drive mode.
  • a voltage control method there are two types: a voltage control method and a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) control method.
  • the voltage control method is a method of reducing the rotational speed of the fluid drive unit such as a fan by reducing the voltage supplied to the fluid drive unit such as a fan.
  • the PWM control method is a method for controlling the rotational speed of a fluid drive unit such as a fan by controlling the duty ratio of a pulse wave supplied to the fluid drive unit such as a fan.
  • the fine particle measuring apparatuses 10, 10A, and 10B include an introduction channel 5a that introduces a gas from the outside, and a mainstream branched at a branching portion A that is at the end opposite to the outside in the introduction channel 5a.
  • One air flow is generated from the channel 5b and the branch channel 5c and the introduction channel 5a via the branch part A to the outlet which is the end opposite to the branch part A in each of the main channel 5b and the branch channel 5c.
  • a fluid drive unit (fans 4 and 4A) and a measurement unit (sensor 1) that is provided in the middle of the branch flow channel 5c and measures fine particles in the gas are provided.
  • the branch flow path 5c extends in the direction opposite to the direction of the air flow 6a in the introduction flow path 5a, extends in the same direction as the direction of the air flow 6a in the path 5a, and includes the introduction flow path 5a, the main flow path 5b, and the fluid drive unit. (Fan 4, 4A) It is characterized in that is provided arranged in the direction.
  • the branch channel 5c extends in the direction opposite to the direction of the air flow 6a in the introduction channel 5a”
  • the branch flow path 5c extends in a direction substantially opposite to the direction of the air flow 6a in the introduction flow path 5a” is included.
  • the branch flow path 5c passes through the branch portion A and is in the introduction flow path 5a.
  • the branch flow path 5c is in a space opposite to the direction of the air flow 6a (upstream in the direction of the air flow 6a) with respect to the first virtual plane perpendicular to the air flow 6a, and the branch flow path 5c with respect to the direction of the air flow 6a. Also included is a configuration in which the angle is greater than 90 ° (an obtuse angle).
  • the introduction flow path 5a, the main flow path 5b, and the fluid drive unit (fans 4 and 4A) are arranged in the same direction”, they are arranged in the same direction.
  • a configuration in which the “introducing channel 5a, the main channel 5b, and the fluid drive unit (fan 4) are arranged in substantially the same direction” is also included.
  • 5b and the fluid drive unit (fan 4) are both in a space on the same side as the direction of the air flow 6a (downstream of the direction of the air flow 6a) with respect to the first virtual plane, and the main flow with respect to the direction of the air flow 6a
  • a configuration in which the angle of the path 5b is less than 90 ° (an acute angle) is also included.
  • the air flow 6a of the particle-containing fluid sucked from the outside is branched into the main flow 6b passing through the main flow path 5b and the branch flow 6c passing through the branch flow path 5c in the branching portion A.
  • the coarse particles 7a and the fine particles 7b are sized.
  • the main flow 6b and the tributary 6c are discharged to the outside.
  • the branching of the main flow 6b and the branch flow 6c is realized by the fan 4 which is a single fluid drive source. Then, by providing the sensor 1 in the middle of the branch flow path 5c, the amount of fine particles 7b in the particle-containing fluid of the branch flow 6c is measured.
  • the introduction flow path 5a, the main flow path 5b, and the fluid drive unit (fans 4, 4A) are arranged in the same direction, coarse particles are transferred to the branch flow path 5c. Without flowing backward, after branching to the main flow path 5b, it is immediately discharged to the outside through the discharge path 5d. Therefore, according to said structure, the coarse particle which is not a measuring object and is comparatively large size can be removed efficiently.
  • the flow path length of the branch flow path 5c is preferably longer than the flow path length of the main flow path 5b.
  • the measurement unit (sensor 1) is opposite to the fluid driving unit (fans 4 and 4A) in the branching unit A.
  • the branch channel 5c extends from the inlet at the branching portion A toward the side opposite to the fluid driving unit (fans 4 and 4A) in the branching portion A, and passes through the measurement unit (sensor 1). It is preferable to extend around from the measurement part (sensor 1) toward the outlet located on the same side as the fluid drive part (fans 4, 4A) in the branch part A.
  • the configuration is arranged completely on the opposite side.
  • the “measurement unit (sensor 1) is disposed substantially opposite to the fluid drive unit (fans 4 and 4A) in the branch unit A”, specifically, the fluid drive unit (fan 4) Is in the space on the same side as the direction of the airflow 6a with respect to the first virtual plane (downstream side of the direction of the airflow 6a), while the measurement unit (sensor 1) is based on the first virtual plane,
  • a configuration in a space opposite to the direction of the airflow 6a (upstream side in the direction of the airflow 6a) is also included.
  • the branch channel 5c extends from the inlet at the branching portion A toward the opposite side of the fluid drive unit (fans 4 and 4A) at the branching portion A”, and in the category of “completely in the opposite direction”.
  • a configuration in which “the branch flow path 5c extends from the inlet at the branching portion A toward the side substantially opposite to the fluid driving unit (fans 4 and 4A) in the branching portion A” is also included.
  • the branch flow path 5c is opposite to the direction of the main flow 6b (the main flow 6b with reference to a second virtual plane perpendicular to the direction of the main flow 6b passing through the branch portion A and passing through the main flow path 5b.
  • a configuration in which the angle of the branch flow path 5c with respect to the direction of the main flow 6b is larger than 90 ° (an obtuse angle).
  • the main flow path 5b discharges the main flow 6b directly to the outside by the fan 4, so that the flow path length is relatively short.
  • the branch channel 5c is provided with a sensor 1 in the middle, and the branch channel 6c is configured to pass through the sensor 1, so that the channel length is relatively long. Since the particle measuring apparatuses 10, 10A, and 10B include the sensor 1 in the middle of the branch flow path 5c and use only one fan 4 as a fluid drive source, the flow path length of the branch flow path 5c is the flow path length of the main flow path 5b. It becomes the composition which became longer.
  • the flow path length of the branch flow path 5c is longer than the flow path length of the main flow path 5b, so that the flow resistance of the branch flow 6c in the branch flow path 5c increases as a whole, and the branch flow 6c in the branch portion A increases.
  • the flow rate can be lowered.
  • the fine particle measuring devices 10, 10A, and 10B according to aspect 4 of the present invention are such that all portions of the branch flow path 5c are gas at the outer end of the introduction flow path 5a. It is preferable to be provided at a position closer to the fluid drive unit (fans 4, 4A) than the inlet E.
  • the direction of the tributary is set to be opposite to the main flow by 180 degrees and is flush with the direction of the main flow.
  • the position of the tributary suction path must be higher than the air introduction portion.
  • the suction path is significantly longer. As a result, it is difficult for the device of Patent Document 1 to be downsized in the vertical direction of the device.
  • all the portions of the branch flow path 5c are located closer to the fluid drive unit (fans 4 and 4A) than the gas introduction port E which is the outer end of the introduction flow path 5a. Since it is provided, it is possible to suppress the size of the particle measuring devices 10, 10A, 10B from being increased in the vertical direction.
  • the fine particle measuring devices 10, 10A, and 10B according to aspect 5 of the present invention are such that the position of the inlet of the branch channel 5c in the branching part A is It is preferable that the gas is disposed below the gas inlet B in the direction of gravity. In this case, the direction of the branch flow 6c branched at the branch portion A is the direction opposite to the direction of gravity.
  • the coarse particles 7a move straight by inertia and are discharged from the discharge path 5d to the outside.
  • the coarse particles 7a such as dust are greatly affected by natural sedimentation due to their own weight, and therefore, the position of the inlet of the branch flow path 5c at the branch portion A is determined from the position of the inlet B of the sensor 1. Also, by arranging the lower side in the direction of gravity, it is possible to reliably prevent erroneous mixing of the coarse particles 7a into the sensor 1.
  • the particulate measuring apparatus 10A in any one of the first to fifth aspects, is a gas introduction direction (a direction of the air flow 6a) at the gas introduction port E which is an outer end of the introduction flow path 5a.
  • the discharge direction F of the gas discharged to the outside by the fluid drive unit (fan 4A) is preferably the same.
  • the direction of gas introduction at the gas introduction port E the direction of the airflow 6a
  • the direction F of the gas discharged to the outside by the fluid drive unit (fan 4A) are the same”.
  • the airflow bundle passing through the gas inlet E and the airflow bundle discharged to the outside by the fluid drive unit (fan 4A) are coaxial so that no backflow toward the gas inlet E occurs at the branch portion A.
  • the “become” configuration is also included.
  • the fine particle measuring apparatus 10A having the above configuration is suitable for mounting on a thin electronic device as long as the upper and lower installation spaces can be secured. Therefore, according to said structure, the freedom degree which arrange
  • the fine particle measurement devices 10, 10A, and 10B according to aspect 7 of the present invention have the airflow direction (direction of the mainstream 6b) in the main flow path 5b and the airflow direction in the branch flow path 5c.
  • the angle ⁇ formed with (the tributary 6c) is preferably in the range of 120 degrees or more and 150 degrees or less.
  • the angle ⁇ formed by the main flow 6b of the main flow path 5b and the branch flow 6c of the branch flow path 5c is 90 degrees or more and less than 120 degrees, coarse particles are liable to flow into the branch flow 6c at the branch section. This is not preferable because the sizing performance of fine particles and coarse particles is lowered. Therefore, in order to reliably prevent the coarse particles from flowing into the branch 6c at the branching portion and to improve the sizing performance of the fine particles and the coarse particles, the main flow 6b of the main channel 5b and the branch 6c of the branch channel 5c
  • the formed angle ⁇ is preferably 120 degrees or more. That is, when the front side in the direction of the main flow 6b is the fan side, the branch flow 6c is preferably branched at an angle ⁇ of 120 degrees or more toward the rear side with respect to the direction of the main flow 6b in the branch portion.
  • the tributary 6c is an angle ⁇ that is close to 180 degrees toward the rear side with respect to the direction of the main flow 6b. It will branch at. In such a configuration, the flow path resistance of the tributary 6c increases. Therefore, the number of fans cannot be reduced, and the apparatus module is increased in size. Therefore, it becomes difficult to generate the main flow 6b and the tributary flow 6c by the intake air by one fan (or two small fans). Therefore, in order to reduce the channel resistance of the tributary 6c, the angle ⁇ formed by the main flow 6b and the tributary 6c is preferably 150 degrees or less. That is, when the front side in the direction of the main flow 6b is the fan side, the branch flow 6c is preferably branched at an angle ⁇ of 150 degrees or less toward the rear side with respect to the direction of the main flow 6b.
  • the angle ⁇ formed by the direction of the air flow in the main flow path 5b (direction of the main flow 6b) and the direction of the air flow in the branch flow path 5c (the tributary 6c) is in the range of 120 degrees or more and 150 degrees or less. preferable.
  • the particle measuring apparatus 10, 10A, or 10B according to the aspect 8 of the present invention includes the drive control unit 43 that controls the drive output of the fluid drive unit (fans 4 and 4A) in any of the above aspects 1 to 7. It is preferable that the drive control unit 43 can change the drive output of the fluid drive unit (fans 4 and 4A).
  • fine particle sizing in the fine particle measuring device may change the classification range of fine particles (the range of fine particle diameters that can be classified) in accordance with “the speed of the particles when the particles are divided at the branch portion”.
  • the speed of the particles when sizing at the branch portion is determined by the sum of the suction forces by the two drive sources. For this reason, when changing the speed of the particles in order to change the classification range of the fine particles, it is necessary to change the suction forces of the two driving sources so that the total suction force becomes a desired suction amount.
  • one fan 4, 4A is provided as a drive source, and the drive output (suction force) of the fans 4, 4A is variable by the drive control unit 43.
  • the “velocity of particles when sizing at a branching portion” can be changed more simply than the apparatus of Document 1.
  • the fine particle measuring apparatus 10, 10A, 10B is the branching portion in any one of the first to eighth aspects having a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the air flow direction (direction of the tributary 6c) in the branch flow path 5c.
  • the area surrounded by the branch flow path 5c at A is preferably larger than the smallest minimum area among the areas surrounded by the branch flow path 5c at any position other than the branching portion A.
  • the fine particle measuring devices 10, 10A, and 10B according to the tenth aspect of the present invention are different from the ninth aspect in the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the airflow direction (the direction of the tributary 6c) in the branch flow path 5c.
  • the area surrounded by the branch flow path 5c (flow path cross-sectional area S) is larger than twice the minimum area.
  • the principle is that the coarse particles 7a and the fine particles 7b are sized according to the size of the particles using inertia. Therefore, in order to improve the sizing accuracy of the coarse particles 7a and the fine particles 7b, the flow velocity of the air flow 6a immediately before the branching portion A of the introduction flow path 5a is maximized, and after branching into the main flow 6b and the branch flow 6c. It is important to rapidly reduce the respective flow rates.
  • the area (flow path cross-sectional area S) which the branch flow path 5c surrounds in the branch part A is other than the branch part A Since it is larger than the smallest minimum area surrounded by the branch flow path 5c at any position, the flow velocity immediately after branching to the branch flow 6c is drastically reduced to improve the sizing accuracy of the coarse particles 7a and the fine particles 7b. Can be improved. In addition, it becomes possible to take in more fine particles 7b into the branch channel 5c.
  • the fine particle measuring apparatus 10, 10A, 10B according to Aspect 11 of the present invention is the same as that in Aspect 9 or 10, except that the branch flow path at the branch portion A has a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the airflow direction (direction of the tributary 6c) in the branch flow path 5c.
  • the area surrounded by 5c (flow path cross-sectional area S) is preferably larger than twice the area (flow path cross-sectional area Sb) surrounded by the gas inlet B in the measurement unit (sensor 1).
  • the fine particle measuring apparatus 10, 10A, 10B is the branching portion in any one of the ninth to eleventh aspects having a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the airflow direction (direction of the tributary 6c) in the branch flow path 5c.
  • the area surrounded by the branch flow path 5c at A is preferably larger than twice the area surrounded by the gas outlet C (flow path cross-sectional area Sc) in the measurement unit (sensor 1). .
  • the width of the flux of the tributary 6c passing through the sensor 1 can be reduced. Therefore, the microparticles 7b can be passed through the sensor 1 by the branch flow 6c having a narrower flux. For this reason, for example, when the sensor 1 measures the fine particles 7b by the light scattering method, the tributary 6c in which the fine particles 7b are more concentrated is irradiated with light, and the amount of the fine particles 7b is measured with high accuracy. can do.
  • the present invention can be used for a fine particle measuring apparatus and a fine particle sensor for separating fine particles floating in the atmosphere and measuring the amount of the separated fine particles.

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JP6127280B1 (ja) * 2016-03-29 2017-05-17 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 粒子検出センサ
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CN107413510B (zh) * 2017-06-14 2023-08-18 广西金茂生物化工有限公司 一种木薯粉碎再处理设备
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JP7320759B2 (ja) * 2018-04-24 2023-08-04 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 検出装置及び検出方法
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TWI771806B (zh) * 2020-11-18 2022-07-21 財團法人工業技術研究院 微粒感測裝置
JP2023122176A (ja) * 2022-02-22 2023-09-01 株式会社ヴァレオジャパン 車両用空調装置

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