WO2014190620A1 - Amoled像素电路及驱动方法 - Google Patents

Amoled像素电路及驱动方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014190620A1
WO2014190620A1 PCT/CN2013/081344 CN2013081344W WO2014190620A1 WO 2014190620 A1 WO2014190620 A1 WO 2014190620A1 CN 2013081344 W CN2013081344 W CN 2013081344W WO 2014190620 A1 WO2014190620 A1 WO 2014190620A1
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Prior art keywords
transistor
capacitor
pixel circuit
source
amoled pixel
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
段立业
王俪蓉
吴仲远
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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Priority to US14/349,860 priority Critical patent/US9449544B2/en
Publication of WO2014190620A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014190620A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
    • G09G3/3233—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the current through the light-emitting element
    • G09G3/3241—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the current through the light-emitting element the current through the light-emitting element being set using a data current provided by the data driver, e.g. by using a two-transistor current mirror
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
    • G09G3/3258—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the voltage across the light-emitting element
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
    • G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
    • G09G2300/0814—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels used for selection purposes, e.g. logical AND for partial update
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
    • G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
    • G09G2300/0819—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels used for counteracting undesired variations, e.g. feedback or autozeroing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
    • G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
    • G09G2300/0842—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor
    • G09G2300/0852—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor being a dynamic memory with more than one capacitor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
    • G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
    • G09G2310/0243—Details of the generation of driving signals
    • G09G2310/0251—Precharge or discharge of pixel before applying new pixel voltage
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/0252—Improving the response speed
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/0271—Adjustment of the gradation levels within the range of the gradation scale, e.g. by redistribution or clipping

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to an AMOLED pixel circuit and a driving method. Background technique
  • An Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode uses a Thin Film Transistor (TFT) to drive an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED).
  • TFT Thin Film Transistor
  • the OLED pixel circuit driving method can be divided into current driving and voltage driving.
  • the current flowing through the OLED is calculated by the following formula:
  • W_ where: is the carrier mobility, Cax is the gate oxide capacitance, and L is the transistor width to length ratio.
  • the OLED operating voltage is shared for all pixel cells, ⁇ is the threshold voltage of the transistor, ⁇ is positive for the enhanced TFT, and negative for the depletion TFT.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a conventional current driving method. The circuit is divided into two phases: a precharge and an illuminating phase. In the first phase, the power supply ARVDD of the pixel circuit is at a low level, the transistor T4 is turned off, and the scanning signal is SCAN.
  • the transistors T1 and T2 When the level is high, the transistors T1 and T2 are turned on to charge the capacitor Cs. In the second stage, the power supply ARVDD of the pixel circuit is at a high level, the scan signal SCAN is at a low level, the transistors T1 and T2 are turned off, and the OLED is illuminated.
  • the power supply ARVDD of the pixel circuit is at a high level
  • the scan signal SCAN is at a low level
  • the transistors T1 and T2 are turned off, and the OLED is illuminated.
  • One of the major drawbacks of such current-driven pixel circuits is that the charging time is too long, so the application range of the current-driven pixel circuit has been limited. Summary of the invention
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide an AMOLED pixel circuit and a driving method to solve the problem of slow charging of the existing AMOLED pixel circuit.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide an AMOLED pixel circuit including a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor, a sixth transistor, a seventh transistor, and a first An eight transistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a current source, and a light emitting device; a gate of the first transistor is respectively connected to a gate of the eighth transistor, a gate of the fifth transistor, and a charge signal scanning control unit; The drain is respectively connected to the drain of the second transistor, the drain of the third transistor, the first end of the second capacitor, and the power source; the source of the first transistor and the gate of the third transistor and the first of the first capacitor, respectively a terminal connection; a gate of the eighth transistor and a drain of the eighth transistor; a source of the eighth transistor is respectively connected to a second end of the second capacitor, a gate of the second transistor, and a drain of the sixth transistor; a gate of the three transistor and a gate of the fourth transistor;
  • the charging signal scanning control unit includes a first scanning line, the first scanning line is for controlling charging of the first capacitor and the second capacitor; and the discharging signal scanning control unit comprises a second a scan line, the second scan line is configured to control discharge of the second capacitor; the trigger signal control unit includes a light emission control line, and the light emission control line is used to control the light emitting device to emit light.
  • a ratio of a width to length ratio of the third transistor to a width to length ratio of the fourth transistor is a set value.
  • the current source is a half-digital constant current source having a high and low grayscale state.
  • the semi-digital constant current source in the low gray level state, supplies a current to discharge the second capacitor, and in the high gray level state, the semi-digital constant current source provides a sink current to the second The capacitor is charged.
  • the light emitting device is an organic electroluminescent diode device.
  • a driving method for an AMOLED pixel circuit according to any of the above, the method comprising:
  • the light emitting device is controlled to emit light.
  • charging the first capacitor and the second capacitor specifically includes:
  • the charging signal scanning control unit outputs a high potential
  • discharging the second capacitor specifically includes:
  • the discharge signal scanning control unit outputs a high potential
  • controlling the light emitting device to emit light specifically includes:
  • the trigger signal control unit outputs a high potential
  • the first transistor, the fifth transistor, the sixth transistor, and the eighth transistor are turned off.
  • the semi-digital constant current source can give different currents according to high and low gray scale information, and has strong adaptability; by selecting the width to length ratio of the third transistor T3 and the fourth transistor T4, so that the third The ratio of the aspect ratio of the transistor T3 to the aspect ratio of the fourth transistor T4 is a set value, thereby controlling the AMOLED pixel circuit to perform fast charging in a low gray level state; after the fast charging is completed, it is controlled by a semi-digital constant current source.
  • the corresponding transistor is turned off to provide a normal operating current for the light-emitting device; both the charging process is accelerated and the normal operation of the light-emitting device is ensured.
  • 1 is a circuit configuration diagram of a conventional current driving method
  • FIG. 3 is a timing diagram of an AMOLED pixel circuit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a precharge phase of an AMOLED pixel circuit of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a discharge phase of the AMOLED pixel circuit of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a light emitting phase of the control light emitting device of the AMOLED pixel circuit of the present invention
  • Figure 7 is a simulation diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • the present invention provides an AMOLED pixel circuit and a driving method.
  • the AMOLED pixel circuit of the present invention includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor, a sixth transistor, a seventh transistor, an eighth transistor, a first capacitor, and a first Two capacitors, a current source, and a light emitting device; a gate of the first transistor and a gate and a fifth crystal of the eighth transistor, respectively
  • the gate of the body tube is connected to the charging signal scanning control unit;
  • the drain of the first transistor is respectively connected to the drain of the second transistor, the drain of the third transistor, the first end of the second capacitor, and the power source;
  • the source is respectively connected to the gate of the third transistor and the first end of the first capacitor;
  • the gate of the eighth transistor is connected to the drain of the eighth transistor;
  • the source of the eighth transistor is respectively connected to the second end of the second capacitor a gate of the second transistor and a drain of the sixth transistor are connected;
  • a gate of the third transistor is connected to a gate of the fourth transistor;
  • the charging signal scanning control unit includes a first scan line for controlling charging of the first capacitor and the second capacitor; the discharge signal scanning control unit includes a second scan line, The second scan line is configured to control discharging the second capacitor; the trigger signal control unit includes a light emission control line, and the light emission control line is used to control the light emitting device to emit light.
  • a ratio of a width to length ratio of the third transistor to a width to length ratio of the fourth transistor is a set value.
  • the current source is a semi-digital constant current source having a high and low gray scale state.
  • the semi-digital constant current source is based on the existing constant current source, and the two positive and negative digital currents of the extraction current and the sink current are formed by the control signal to identify and distinguish the high gray level and the low gray level.
  • the decimation current described in this embodiment is a negative value for correspondingly identifying a low gray level, and the sink current is a positive value for correspondingly identifying a high gray level.
  • the semi-digital constant current source is capable of giving different currents according to high and low gray scale information, and has strong adaptability.
  • the semi-digital constant current source can also provide a conventional analog current.
  • the light emitting device is an organic electroluminescent diode device OLED.
  • the AMOLED pixel circuit of the present invention is composed of the first transistor T1 to the eighth transistor T8, and all of the transistors of the present invention are n-type transistors.
  • the storage capacitor is composed of a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2, and the first scan line Scanl,
  • the two scan lines Scan2 and the light emission control line EM are control signals,
  • the light emitting device is an OLED, and
  • the power source of the pixel circuit is ARVDD, ⁇ . It is a current given by a semi-digital constant current source that recognizes high and low grayscale states and thus gives different currents. ⁇ .
  • the corresponding driving method of the present invention includes:
  • the charging signal scanning control unit outputs a high potential
  • the first transistor, the second transistor, the third transistor, the fourth transistor, and the fifth transistor and the eighth transistor are turned on; the sixth transistor and the seventh transistor are turned off.
  • the phase is a precharge phase, and the first capacitor and the second capacitor are charged; as shown in FIG. 4, the first scan line Scan1 is at a high level, the second scan line Scan2 is at a low level, and the illuminating control line EM Low level, transistors T1 ⁇ T5 and T8 are turned on, and the remaining transistors are turned off.
  • This process completes the process of charging capacitors C1 and C2 (the final actual light-emitting current at low gray level is only T3, and the charging current is The sum of the three transistors T3 and the fourth transistor T4. If the width to length ratio of the fourth transistor T4 is N times larger than the width to length ratio of the third transistor T3, the charging current is N+1 times the normal charging current.
  • the third transistor T3 and the fourth transistor ⁇ 4 are TFTs of the same working state, similar to the "current mirror" in the analog circuit. Since ⁇ is low level, the OLED is in a dark state. In the S1 phase, the function of the semi-digital constant current source is to provide an analog current. The magnitude of this analog current is related to the brightness value displayed by the OLED, and the voltage signal corresponding to the analog current is stored in the capacitor C1.
  • S2 stage discharging the second capacitor;
  • the discharge signal scanning control unit outputs a high potential;
  • the second transistor, the third transistor, the fourth transistor, and the sixth transistor Turning on the second transistor, the third transistor, the fourth transistor, and the sixth transistor; turning off the first transistor, the fifth transistor, the seventh transistor, and the eighth transistor; the light emitting device is in a low gray state, achieving the second The capacitor is discharged.
  • This stage performs a discharge phase for the second capacitor, as shown in FIG. 5, the first scan line
  • the second scan line Scan2 is high
  • the illumination control line EM is low
  • the low gray state the semi-digital constant current source provides a current (positive digital current), and the second is extracted.
  • the charge of the capacitor C2 ie, the charge of the gate of the second transistor ⁇ 2; the high gray scale state, the semi-digital constant current source provides a sink current (negative digital current) to charge the second capacitor C2.
  • S3 stage controlling the light emitting device to emit light.
  • the trigger signal control unit outputs a high potential
  • This stage is to control the light emitting stage of the light emitting device.
  • the first scan line Scan1 and the second scan line Scan2 are at a low level
  • the light emission control line EM is at a high level
  • the second transistor T2 to the fourth transistor ⁇ 4 and The seventh transistor ⁇ 7 is turned on, and the remaining transistors are turned off. Since ⁇ is high, the OLED emits light at this stage.
  • the charge of the capacitor C2 is completely emptied, causing the second transistor ⁇ 2, the fourth transistor ⁇ 4 to be turned off, and the actual illuminating current is only ⁇ 3; if it is a high gray level state
  • the capacitor C2 is charged, the second transistor ⁇ 2, and the fourth transistor ⁇ 4 are turned on, and the actual illuminating current is the sum of the current of ⁇ 3 and the current of ⁇ 4.
  • the discharge of the second capacitor C2 is realized in the second stage, and the fourth transistor T4 is turned off.
  • the illuminating current of the OLED is only the current of the third transistor T3.
  • the charging current to the capacitor C1 is the sum of the currents of T3 and T4. If the ratio of the width to length ratio of the third transistor T3 to the width to length ratio of the fourth transistor T4 is N, the charging current is T3 current. (N+1) times, thereby reducing the charging time of the current driving, and solving the problem that the charging time of the current driving pixel circuit is too long.
  • the simulation shows two cycles of a single subpixel operation.
  • the current of ⁇ is written to the pixel
  • the second period is written to the pixel by 2 ⁇ A.
  • Figure 7 is a waveform diagram of this pixel circuit simulated by hspice software.
  • Vscanl is the voltage waveform on the scanning signal line Scan1;
  • Vscan2 is the voltage waveform on the scanning signal line Scan2;
  • Vem is the voltage waveform on the illumination control line;
  • idata is the current of the current source;
  • iT3 is the third transistor flowing through The current of T3;
  • iT4 is the current flowing through the fourth transistor T4;
  • the simulation of this embodiment selects the ratio of the aspect ratio of the third transistor T3 and the fourth transistor T4 to 1:9. Therefore, it is possible to input a current of 10 times ⁇ , that is, ⁇ , and the three stages of the operation of the pixel circuit can be seen from the waveform diagram.
  • the third transistor T3 has a current flowing through ,n, and the current value of the fourth transistor T4 is approximately 0, and it can be determined that the fourth transistor T4 is turned off.
  • the third transistor T3 and the fourth transistor T4 operate simultaneously. By outputting a current of 2 ⁇ A to the OLED, it can be seen that the sum of the currents of the third transistor T3 and the fourth transistor T4 is approximately 2 ⁇ A.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Control Of El Displays (AREA)

Abstract

一种AMOLED像素电路及驱动方法。该AMOLED像素电路包括第一晶体管（T1）、第二晶体管（T2）、第三晶体管（T3）、第四晶体管（T4）、第五晶体管（T5）、第六晶体管（T6）、第七晶体管（T7）、第八晶体管（T8）、第一电容（C1）、第二电容（C2）、电流源和发光器件（OLED）。该AMOLED像素电路在低灰阶状态时进行快速充电；根据高低灰阶信息给出不同的电流，适应能力强；在发光阶段输出的电流为发光器件（OLED）的正常工作电流，既加快了充电过程，又保证了发光器件的正常工作。

Description

AMOLED像素电路及驱动方法 技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域,特别涉及一种 AMOLED像素电路 及驱动方法。 背景技术
主动式矩阵有机发光二极管 （ Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode, AMOLED )使用薄膜晶体管（ Thin Film Transistor, TFT )驱动有机发光二极管（ Organic Light Emitting Diode, OLED ) 发光。
OLED像素电路驱动方式可分为电流驱动和电压驱动，在电压 驱动电路中， 流过 OLED的电流 ^ 通过下述公式计算：
Figure imgf000003_0001
w_ 其中： 为载流子迁移率， Cax为栅氧化层电容， L为晶体 管宽长比， 。为数据电压， 为 OLED工作电压， 为所有像 素单元共享， ^为晶体管的阈值电压， 对于增强型 TFT, ^为正 值， 对于耗尽型 TFT, ^为负值。
由上式可知， 如果不同像素单元之间的 ^不同， 则电流存在 差异。 如果像素的 随时间发生漂移， 则可能造成先后电流不同， 导致残影。且由于 OLED器件非均匀性引起 OLED工作电压不同， 也会导致电流差异。
电流驱动相比电压驱动的优点是： 电流 1隱 = ata , 如果像素 的阈值电压随着时间发生漂移， 电流驱动电路具有自主调整当前 电流水平的作用， 与 TFT器件本身的^无关， 可以自然实现空间 上均勾和时间上的稳定显示。 但由于驱动时间较长， 电流型驱动 电路一般用于小尺寸的屏幕。 图 1是现有的电流驱动方式的电路结构图， 此电路分为两个 阶段： 预充和发光阶段， 第一阶段， 像素电路的电源 ARVDD为低 电平， 晶体管 T4关断， 扫描信号 SCAN为高电平， 晶体管 T1和 T2导通， 对电容 Cs充电， 第二阶段， 像素电路的电源 ARVDD为 高电平， 扫描信号 SCAN为低电平， 晶体管 T1和 T2关断， OLED 发光。 此类电流型驱动像素电路有个很大的缺陷便是充电时间过 长， 所以一直限制着电流型驱动像素电路的应用范围。 发明内容
本发明的实施例提供了一种 AMOLED像素电路及驱动方法， 以解决现有 AMOLED像素电路充电慢的不足。
技术方案
针对现有技术的缺陷本发明实施例提供了一种 AMOLED像 素电路， 该电路包括第一晶体管、 第二晶体管、 第三晶体管、 第 四晶体管、 第五晶体管、 第六晶体管、 第七晶体管、 第八晶体管、 第一电容、 第二电容、 电流源和发光器件； 第一晶体管的栅极分 别与第八晶体管的栅极、 第五晶体管的栅极和充电信号扫描控制 单元连接； 第一晶体管的漏极分别与第二晶体管的漏极、 第三晶 体管的漏极、 第二电容的第一端和电源连接； 第一晶体管的源极 分别与第三晶体管的栅极和第一电容的第一端连接； 第八晶体管 的栅极和第八晶体管的漏极连接； 第八晶体管的源极分别与第二 电容的第二端、 第二晶体管的栅极和第六晶体管的漏极连接； 第 三晶体管的栅极和第四晶体管的栅极连接； 第三晶体管的源极分 别与第一电容的第二端、 第五晶体管的漏极和第四晶体管的源极 连接； 第二晶体管的源极和第四晶体管的漏极连接； 第四晶体管 的源极和第七晶体管的漏极连接； 第七晶体管的栅极和触发信号 控制单元连接； 第七晶体管的源极和发光器件的正极连接； 发光 器件的负极接地； 第六晶体管的栅极和放电信号扫描控制单元连 接； 第五晶体管的源极分别与第六晶体管的源极和电流源的第一 端连接； 电流源的第二端接地。 根据一实施例， 所述充电信号扫描控制单元包括第一扫描线, 所述第一扫描线用于控制对所述第一电容和第二电容进行充电； 所述放电信号扫描控制单元包括第二扫描线， 所述第二扫描线用 于控制对所述第二电容进行放电； 所述触发信号控制单元包括发 光控制线， 所述发光控制线用于控制发光器件发光。
根据一实施例， 所述第三晶体管的宽长比和所述第四晶体管 的宽长比的比值为一设定值。
根据一实施例， 所述电流源是具有识别高低灰阶状态的半数 字式恒流源。
根据一实施例， 在低灰阶状态下， 所述半数字式恒流源提供 抽取电流对第二电容进行放电， 在高灰阶状态下， 半数字式恒流 源提供灌入电流对第二电容进行充电。
根据一实施例， 所述发光器件为有机电致发光二极管器件。 一种用于根据上述任一所述的 AMOLED像素电路的驱动方 法， 该方法包括：
对所述第一电容和第二电容进行充电；
对所述第二电容进行放电；
控制所述发光器件发光。
根据一实施例， 对所述第一电容和第二电容进行充电具体包 括：
充电信号扫描控制单元输出高电位；
导通第一晶体管、 第二晶体管、 第三晶体管、 第四晶体管、 第五晶体管和第八晶体管； 关断第六晶体管和第七晶体管。
根据一实施例， 对所述第二电容进行放电具体包括：
放电信号扫描控制单元输出高电位；
导通第二晶体管、 第三晶体管、 第四晶体管和第六晶体管； 关断第一晶体管、 第五晶体管、 第七晶体管和第八晶体管。
根据一实施例， 控制所述发光器件发光具体包括：
触发信号控制单元输出高电位；
导通第二晶体管、 第三晶体管、 第四晶体管和第七晶体管； 关断第一晶体管、 第五晶体管、 第六晶体管和第八晶体管。
有益效果
根据本发明的实施例， 半数字式恒流源能够根据高低灰阶信 息给出不同的电流， 适应能力强； 通过对第三晶体管 T3和第四晶 体管 T4的宽长比进行选择， 使得第三晶体管 T3的宽长比和第四 晶体管 T4的宽长比的比值为设定值， 进而控制 AMOLED像素电 路在低灰阶状态时进行快速充电； 快速充电完成后， 通过半数字 式恒流源控制相应的晶体管关断， 为发光器件提供正常的工作电 流； 既加快了充电过程， 又保证了发光器件的正常工作。 附图说明
图 1是现有的电流驱动方式的电路结构图；
图 2是本发明的 AMOLED像素电路；
图 3是本发明的 AMOLED像素电路的时序图；
图 4是本发明的 AMOLED像素电路的预充阶段的电路图； 图 5是本发明的 AMOLED像素电路的放电阶段的电路图； 图 6是本发明的 AMOLED像素电路的控制发光器件发光阶段 的电路图；
图 7是本发明的实施例的仿真图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例， 对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步 详细描述。 以下实施例用于说明本发明， 但不用来限制本发明的 范围。
为了解决现有 AMOLED像素电路充电慢的不足，本发明提供 了一种 AMOLED像素电路及驱动方法。
本发明的 AMOLED像素电路如图 2所示， 包括第一晶体管、 第二晶体管、 第三晶体管、 第四晶体管、 第五晶体管、 第六晶体 管、 第七晶体管、 第八晶体管、 第一电容、 第二电容、 电流源和 发光器件； 第一晶体管的栅极分别与第八晶体管的栅极、 第五晶 体管的栅极和充电信号扫描控制单元连接； 第一晶体管的漏极分 别与第二晶体管的漏极、 第三晶体管的漏极、 第二电容的第一端 和电源连接； 第一晶体管的源极分别与第三晶体管的栅极和第一 电容的第一端连接； 第八晶体管的栅极和第八晶体管的漏极连接; 第八晶体管的源极分别与第二电容的第二端、 第二晶体管的栅极 和第六晶体管的漏极连接； 第三晶体管的栅极和第四晶体管的栅 极连接； 第三晶体管的源极分别与第一电容的第二端、 第五晶体 管的漏极和第四晶体管的源极连接； 第二晶体管的源极和第四晶 体管的漏极连接； 第四晶体管的源极和第七晶体管的漏极连接； 第七晶体管的栅极和触发信号控制单元连接； 第七晶体管的源极 和发光器件的正极连接； 发光器件的负极接地； 第六晶体管的栅 极和放电信号扫描控制单元连接； 第五晶体管的源极分别与第六 晶体管的源极和电流源的第一端连接； 电流源的第二端接地。
所述充电信号扫描控制单元包括第一扫描线， 所述第一扫描 线用于控制对所述第一电容和第二电容进行充电； 所述放电信号 扫描控制单元包括第二扫描线， 所述第二扫描线用于控制对所述 第二电容进行放电； 所述触发信号控制单元包括发光控制线， 所 述发光控制线用于控制发光器件发光。
所述第三晶体管的宽长比和所述第四晶体管的宽长比的比值 为一设定值。 所述电流源是具有识别高低灰阶状态的半数字式恒 流源。 所述半数字式恒流源是在现有恒流源的基础上， 通过控制 信号形成抽取电流和灌入电流这两种互为正负的数字电流， 以识 别和区分高灰阶和低灰阶； 本实施例中所述的抽取电流为负值用 于对应识别低灰阶， 所述灌入电流为正值用于对应识别高灰阶。 所述半数字式恒流源能够根据高低灰阶信息给出不同的电流， 适 应能力强。 所述半数字式恒流源还能提供传统的模拟电流。 所述 发光器件为有机电致发光二极管器件 OLED。
以图 2为例， 本发明的 AMOLED像素电路是由第一晶体管 Tl~第八晶体管 T8、 本发明的所有晶体管都为 η型晶体管。 存储 电容由第一电容 C1和第二电容 C2组成， 第一扫描线 Scanl、 第 二扫描线 Scan2和发光控制线 EM为控制信号，发光器件为 OLED, 像素电路的电源是 ARVDD, ^。是半数字式恒流源给的电流， 其 会识别高低灰阶状态， 从而会给不同的电流。 ^。其实是行驱动器 "Source Driver"的输出， 根据高低灰阶的不同提供不同的充电"编 程"电流， 在高灰阶、 大电流时， 它提供的充电"编程"电流为原值； 而在低灰阶、 小电流时， 它提供的充电"编程"电流为原值的 N+1 倍。 图 3是本发明的 AMOLED像素电路的时序图， 图中， ^∞111是 第一扫描线 Scanl上的电压、 Vsca„2是第二扫描线 Scan2上的电压、 VEM是发光控制线 EM上的电压。 Sl、 S2和 S3分别代表第一阶段、 第二阶段和第三阶段。
为了实现在低灰阶情况下充入大电流， 第三晶体管 T3和第四 晶体管 T4宽长比之比为 1:N, N的取值视情况而定， 例如 N=9。 本发明对应的驱动方法包括：
S1阶段： 对所述第一电容和第二电容进行充电；
充电信号扫描控制单元输出高电位；
导通第一晶体管、 第二晶体管、 第三晶体管、 第四晶体管和 第五晶体管和第八晶体管； 关断第六晶体管和第七晶体管。
该阶段为预充阶段， 对所述第一电容和第二电容进行充电； 如图 4所示， 第一扫描线 Scanl为高电平， 第二扫描线 Scan2 为低电平， 发光控制线 EM为低电平， 晶体管 T1~T5和 T8打开， 其余晶体管关断， 此过程完成了对电容 Cl、 C2充电的过程（低灰 阶时最后实际的发光电流只有 T3的电流， 而充电电流为第三晶体 管 T3和第四晶体管 T4之和。如果第四晶体管 T4的宽长比是第三 晶体管 T3的宽长比的 N倍大，那么充电电流是普通的充电电流的 N+1倍。 充电时， 第三晶体管 T3、 第四晶体管 Τ4为相同工作状 态的 TFT, 类似模拟电路中的"电流镜"）， 由于 ΕΜ为低电平， 这 时 OLED为暗态。在 S1阶段半数字式恒流源的作用是提供一个模 拟电流， 这个模拟电流的大小与 OLED显示的亮度值有关， 并将 这个模拟电流对应的电压信号存储在电容 C1上。
S2阶段： 对所述第二电容进行放电； 放电信号扫描控制单元输出高电位；
导通第二晶体管、 第三晶体管、 第四晶体管和第六晶体管； 关断第一晶体管、 第五晶体管、 第七晶体管和第八晶体管； 发光 器件处于低灰阶状态， 实现对所述第二电容进行放电。
该阶段为第二电容进行放电阶段， 如图 5所示， 第一扫描线
Scanl为低电平， 第二扫描线 Scan2为高电平， 发光控制线 EM为 低电平， 第二晶体管 T2~第四晶体管 Τ4和第六晶体管 Τ6, 其余晶 体管关断。 如果为低灰阶状态下， 此过程对第二电容 C2进行了放 电的过程 （充电之后的发光阶段， 低灰阶会通过关断第二晶体管 Τ2和第四晶体管 Τ4, 把发光电流减小到实际需要值）； 如果为高 灰阶状态， 第二电容 C2充电。 由于发光控制线 ΕΜ为低电平， 这 时 OLED也为暗态。在 S2阶段半数字式恒流源的作用根据低灰阶 状态和高灰阶状态有所不同， 低灰阶状态， 半数字式恒流源提供 一个抽取电流（正的数字电流）， 抽取第二电容 C2的电荷 （即第 二晶体管 Τ2栅极的电荷）； 高灰阶状态， 半数字式恒流源提供一 个灌入电流（负的数字电流）， 对第二电容 C2进行充电。
S3阶段： 控制所述发光器件发光。
触发信号控制单元输出高电位；
导通第二晶体管、 第三晶体管、 第四晶体管和第七晶体管； 关断第一晶体管、 第五晶体管、 第六晶体管和第八晶体管； 发光 器件处于发光状态。
该阶段为控制发光器件发光阶段， 如图 6所示， 第一扫描线 Scanl和第二扫描线 Scan2为低电平， 发光控制线 EM为高电平， 第二晶体管 T2~第四晶体管 Τ4和第七晶体管 Τ7打开， 其余晶体 管关断。 由于 ΕΜ为高电平， 这一阶段 OLED发光。 若为低灰阶 状态下， 在第二阶段时， 电容 C2的电荷被完全放空， 致使第二晶 体管 Τ2、 第四晶体管 Τ4关断， 实际的发光电流只有 Τ3的电流； 若为高灰阶状态下， 在第二阶段时， 电容 C2充电， 第二晶体管 Τ2、第四晶体管 Τ4导通， 实际的发光电流是 Τ3的电流和 Τ4的电 流之和。 由以上三个阶段可知， 第三晶体管 T3的宽长比和第四晶体管 T4的宽长比的比值成一定比例在此像素电路中起到了重要作用， 数字式恒流源识别图像的高低灰阶状态。 当为低灰阶状态下， 在 第二阶段实现了对第二电容 C2的放电， 使第四晶体管 T4进行了 关断，在第三阶段， OLED的发光电流只是第三晶体管 T3的电流， 而在第一阶段， 对电容 C1的充电电流是 T3和 T4的电流之和， 若 第三晶体管 T3的宽长比和第四晶体管 T4的宽长比的比值为 N, 则充电电流是 T3电流的 （ N+1 )倍， 从而减少了电流驱动的充电 时间， 解决了电流驱动像素电路充电时间过长的问题。
以下通过具体的实施例对本发明进行说明：
仿真显示的是单个子像素工作的两个周期。 第一个周期图， 把 ΙΟηΑ的电流写入像素， 第二个周期把 2 μ A的电流写入像素。 图 7是利用 hspice软件对此像素电路进行模拟仿真后的波形图。
图 7中， Vscanl是扫描信号线 Scanl上的电压波形； Vscan2 是扫描信号线 Scan2上的电压波形； Vem是发光控制线上的电压 波形； idata是电流源的电流； iT3是流过第三晶体管 T3的电流； iT4是流过第四晶体管 T4的电流；
为了得到 ΙΟηΑ的 OLED输出电流，本实施例的仿真选择第三 晶体管 T3和第四晶体管 T4的宽长比的比值为 1 : 9。 所以能够输 入 10倍的 ΙΟηΑ的电流， 即 ΙΟΟηΑ, 从波形图可看到像素电路工 作的三个阶段。 当为低灰阶状态时， 第三晶体管 T3有 ΙΟηΑ电流 流过， 第四晶体管 T4的电流值近似为 0, 可判定为第四晶体管 T4 关断。 在第二个周期， 第三晶体管 T3和第四晶体管 T4同时工作。 把 2 μ A的电流输出给 OLED, 从图中可以看出第三晶体管 T3和 第四晶体管 T4的电流之和近似为 2 μ A。
以上实施方式仅用于说明本发明， 而并非对本发明的限制， 有关技术领域的普通技术人员， 在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的 情况下， 还可以做出各种变化和变型， 因此所有等同的技术方案 也属于本发明的范畴， 本发明的专利保护范围应由权利要求限定。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种 AMOLED像素电路， 其特征是， 该电路包括第一晶 体管、 第二晶体管、 第三晶体管、 第四晶体管、 第五晶体管、 第 六晶体管、 第七晶体管、 第八晶体管、 第一电容、 第二电容、 电 流源和发光器件；
第一晶体管的栅极分别与第八晶体管的栅极、 第五晶体管的 栅极和充电信号扫描控制单元连接； 第一晶体管的漏极分别与第 二晶体管的漏极、 第三晶体管的漏极、 第二电容的第一端和电源 连接； 第一晶体管的源极分别与第三晶体管的栅极和第一电容的 第一端连接； 第八晶体管的栅极和第八晶体管的漏极连接； 第八 晶体管的源极分别与第二电容的第二端、 第二晶体管的栅极和第 六晶体管的漏极连接； 第三晶体管的栅极和第四晶体管的栅极连 接； 第三晶体管的源极分别与第一电容的第二端、 第五晶体管的 漏极和第四晶体管的源极连接； 第二晶体管的源极和第四晶体管 的漏极连接； 第四晶体管的源极和第七晶体管的漏极连接； 第七 晶体管的栅极和触发信号控制单元连接； 第七晶体管的源极和发 光器件的正极连接； 发光器件的负极接地； 第六晶体管的栅极和 放电信号扫描控制单元连接； 第五晶体管的源极分别与第六晶体 管的源极和电流源的第一端连接； 电流源的第二端接地。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的 AMOLED像素电路， 其中， 所述充 电信号扫描控制单元包括第一扫描线， 所述第一扫描线用于控制 对所述第一电容和第二电容进行充电； 所述放电信号扫描控制单 元包括第二扫描线， 所述第二扫描线用于控制对所述第二电容进 行放电； 所述触发信号控制单元包括发光控制线， 所述发光控制 线用于控制发光器件发光。
3、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的 AMOLED像素电路， 其中， 所 述第三晶体管的宽长比和所述第四晶体管的宽长比的比值为一设 定值。
4、 如权利要求 1-3任一项所述的 AMOLED像素电路， 其中， 所述电流源是具有识别高低灰阶状态的半数字式恒流源。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的 AMOLED像素电路， 其中， 在低灰 阶状态下， 所述半数字式恒流源提供抽取电流对第二电容进行放 电， 在高灰阶状态下， 半数字式恒流源提供灌入电流对第二电容 进行充电。
6、 如权利要求 1-5任一项所述的 AMOLED像素电路， 其特 征是， 所述发光器件为有机电致发光二极管器件。
7、 一种用于根据权利要求 1-6任一所述的 AMOLED像素电 路的驱动方法， 其特征是， 该方法包括：
对所述第一电容和第二电容进行充电；
对所述第二电容进行放电；
控制所述发光器件发光。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的 AMOLED像素电路的驱动方法， 其中， 对所述第一电容和第二电容进行充电具体包括：
充电信号扫描控制单元输出高电位；
导通第一晶体管、 第二晶体管、 第三晶体管、 第四晶体管、 第五晶体管和第八晶体管； 关断第六晶体管和第七晶体管。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的 AMOLED像素电路的驱动方法， 其中， 对所述第二电容进行放电具体包括：
放电信号扫描控制单元输出高电位；
导通第二晶体管、 第三晶体管、 第四晶体管和第六晶体管； 关断第一晶体管、 第五晶体管、 第七晶体管和第八晶体管。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的 AMOLED像素电路的驱动方法， 其中， 控制所述发光器件发光具体包括：
触发信号控制单元输出高电位；
导通第二晶体管、 第三晶体管、 第四晶体管和第七晶体管； 关断第一晶体管、 第五晶体管、 第六晶体管和第八晶体管。
PCT/CN2013/081344 2013-05-31 2013-08-13 Amoled像素电路及驱动方法 Ceased WO2014190620A1 (zh)

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