WO2014181769A1 - プラセンタ抽出物及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
プラセンタ抽出物及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014181769A1 WO2014181769A1 PCT/JP2014/062154 JP2014062154W WO2014181769A1 WO 2014181769 A1 WO2014181769 A1 WO 2014181769A1 JP 2014062154 W JP2014062154 W JP 2014062154W WO 2014181769 A1 WO2014181769 A1 WO 2014181769A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/64—Proteins; Peptides; Derivatives or degradation products thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
- A61K35/12—Materials from mammals; Compositions comprising non-specified tissues or cells; Compositions comprising non-embryonic stem cells; Genetically modified cells
- A61K35/48—Reproductive organs
- A61K35/50—Placenta; Placental stem cells; Amniotic fluid; Amnion; Amniotic stem cells
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
- A61K8/44—Aminocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. aminocarboxylic acids containing sulfur; Salts; Esters or N-acylated derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
- A61K8/98—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution of animal origin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
- A61P17/18—Antioxidants, e.g. antiradicals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/12—Antihypertensives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/08—Anti-ageing preparations
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
- A61K2800/52—Stabilizers
- A61K2800/522—Antioxidants; Radical scavengers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a placenta extract obtained by subjecting a placenta as a raw material to a subcritical process, and further relates to a method for producing a placenta extract in which a placenta extract can contain a high amount of a low molecular peptide. .
- the placenta is the placenta of mammals and has been used as health foods, cosmetic materials and pharmaceuticals in recent years due to its excellent functionality. In order to exert excellent functionality, it has been generally required to lower the molecular weight and extract proteins in placenta to peptides having excellent absorbability and functionality. Conventionally, enzyme treatment has been used exclusively as a technique for solubilizing and reducing the molecular weight of placenta.
- Patent Document 1 a yeast extract is added to a supernatant obtained by hydrolyzing a residue that is removed when a high-molecular protein such as a water-soluble protein is extracted from human placenta tissue with a protease.
- a high-molecular protein such as a water-soluble protein is extracted from human placenta tissue with a protease.
- the example that the melanin production inhibitor was obtained by adding was disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 discloses an example in which a cosmetic composition containing a water-soluble component obtained by hydrolyzing pig and / or horse placenta by enzymatic treatment and a polyphenol derivative is obtained.
- the present invention relates to a placenta extract obtained by subcritical treatment of placenta, preferably subcritical water treatment, and an aqueous solution containing the extract, and particularly relates to a high content of low molecular peptides.
- the extraction process of protein components from placenta in the prior art requires a post-process of adding a processing aid in order to adjust the pH with the processing aid. Since a series of steps such as these enzyme treatments and addition of processing aids degrades peptides, which are active ingredients that exhibit functionality, free amino acids are increased due to peptide degradation. As the free amino acids increase, peptides as active ingredients in the extract are lost, and as a result, the functions such as antioxidants in the obtained extract may not be fully exhibited.
- the present inventors have found characteristics of an extract obtained by treating the placenta with subcriticality and an aqueous solution containing the extract. It has been found that the aqueous solution containing a low molecular peptide having a molecular weight of 3000 or less contains a high proportion.
- the gist of the present invention is as follows. [1] The content of free amino acid is 10 wt% or less of the total solid content, A placenta extract having a peptide content of 70 wt% or more and 99.5 wt% or less of the total solid content; [2] The content of free amino acid is 10 wt% or less of the total solid content, A placenta extract in which the content of a low molecular weight peptide having a molecular weight of 3000 or less is 40 wt% or more and 99.5 wt% or less in the total solid content; [3] By subcritical treatment with placenta raw material and extractant, The content of free amino acid is 10 wt% or less in the total solid content, A method for producing a placenta extract having a peptide content of 70 wt% or more and 99.5 wt% or less in the total solid content; [4] By subcritical treatment with placenta raw material and extractant, The content of free amino acids
- the placenta extract of the present invention preferably a placenta extract extracted through a subcritical treatment of a placenta raw material, contains a low-molecular peptide in a high content and a low free amino acid, and has such a characteristic composition.
- the antioxidant ability collagen production promoting ability (beautifying skin), collagenase inhibiting ability (beautifying skin), elastase inhibiting activity ability, ACE (Angiotensin-Converting ability) than SOD (super oxide dismutase) -like activity.
- Enzyme) inhibitory ability blood pressure increase suppressing action
- blood pressure increase suppressing action and the like are remarkably improved.
- FIG. 1 is a chart of molecular weight distribution obtained by analyzing the sample obtained in Example 5 by high performance liquid chromatography.
- the lower horizontal axis of this chart shows the elution time (min), the upper horizontal axis shows the corresponding molecular weight, and the vertical axis shows the relative absorbance.
- FIG. 2 is a chart of molecular weight distribution obtained by analyzing the sample obtained in Comparative Example 1 by high performance liquid chromatography.
- the lower horizontal axis of this chart shows the elution time (min), the upper horizontal axis shows the corresponding molecular weight, and the vertical axis shows the relative absorbance.
- FIG. 3 is a chart of molecular weight distribution obtained by analyzing the sample obtained in Comparative Example 2 by high performance liquid chromatography.
- the lower horizontal axis of this chart shows the elution time (min), the upper horizontal axis shows the corresponding molecular weight, and the vertical axis shows the relative absorbance.
- the weight ratio in the present application refers to the weight ratio (wt%) of each component to the total weight of the total solid content of the placenta extract.
- the placenta extract contains a liquid component such as moisture
- the placenta extract is dried or freeze-dried to remove the liquid component as the total solid content of the placenta extract.
- the content of free amino acids in the total solid content is described in the examples below.
- it is a value obtained by combining the acquisition of molecular weight distribution by high performance liquid chromatography of the dried or freeze-dried product of placenta extract and the calculation result of the constituent amino acid amount by amino acid analysis method and the like.
- the peptide content is 70 wt% or more and 99.5 wt% or less in the total solid content, and the free amino acid production amount is 10 wt% in the total solid content. It is an extract that was able to be suppressed to less than%. Such an extract can be obtained by the production method of the present invention. Therefore, a placenta extract having a higher peptide content and a lower free amino acid content than conventional products can be obtained. As a result, it is possible to provide a placenta extract having high functionality such as antioxidant and collagen production promoting ability.
- the content of the peptide in the total solid content is more preferably 75 wt% or more.
- a placenta extract By exposing the placenta to a subcritical state, a placenta extract can be obtained without using a processing aid as in the conventional enzyme treatment.
- this placenta extract contains a low molecular weight peptide having a molecular weight of 3000 or less of 40 wt% or more and 99.5 wt% or less of the total solid content, and the amount of free amino acid produced is the content of free amino acid in the total solid content. It is the extract which was able to be suppressed to 10 wt% or less.
- Such an extract can be obtained by the production method of the present invention. Therefore, a placenta extract having a higher content of low molecular weight peptides and a lower content of free amino acids than conventional products can be obtained. As a result, it is possible to provide a placenta extract having high functionality such as antioxidant and collagen production promoting ability.
- content of the said low molecular peptide in total solid 55 wt% or more is more preferable.
- the molecular weight distribution of a placenta extract treated with subcriticality and a placenta extract treated with a conventional enzyme are measured by high performance liquid chromatography described later.
- the maximum peak height in the chart is 1 or more by high performance liquid chromatography described later, For example, when it is about 2, the relative absorbance (“relative absorbance” in the present specification means “relative absorbance” defined in this way) 3 is 3 or more. One or more peaks were observed.
- the peak here indicates a result having a maximum value in the absorbance of high performance liquid chromatography, and is not a shoulder peak indicating a slight change in the absorbance when the absorbance increases or decreases.
- the molecular weight region has a molecular weight of about 500
- the molecular weight region has a molecular weight of about 250
- the molecular weight region has a molecular weight of less than 250.
- one peak was confirmed as a peak having a relative absorbance of 0.5 or more by a high performance liquid chromatography method described later in a region having a molecular weight of 3000 or less.
- the peak has been confirmed to have a molecular weight of around 250.
- the relative absorbance of high-performance chromatography of placenta extract processed at subcriticality is 0.5 or more
- the peptide with three or more peaks with different molecular weight regions promotes antioxidant and collagen production.
- it is possible to cope with multiple functionalities with different actions for example, immediate action and delayed action, functional action and functional auxiliary action
- this estimation could yield an extract with higher functionality than the placenta extract treated with the enzyme.
- a placenta extract having a peptide having a plurality of peaks having different molecular weight regions at a relative absorbance of 0.5 or higher in high-speed chromatography has higher functionality than a placenta extract treated with an enzyme. It was also estimated to be an extract.
- placenta extract in which the content of free amino acids in the total solid content is 10 wt% or less, it is difficult to inhibit the performance of functions such as antioxidant and collagen production promoting ability.
- the placenta extract treated with subcriticality makes it difficult for free amino acids to be produced by using no enzymes or processing aids in the extraction process, and the free amino acid content in the solids is 10 wt% or less. It will be easier to get.
- the peptide has a higher functionality than the free amino acid alone because the peptide has a higher functional peptide bond than its free amino acid. Can be expressed. Therefore, if a certain amount or more of free amino acids are present, even if there is a corner functional peptide, the functionality of the peptide is inhibited by the presence of an amino acid with low functionality.
- the concentration of free amino acids that inhibit the functionality of the peptide is generally a concentration exceeding 10 wt% of the total solid content in the extract.
- the content of free amino acids in the total solid content is not included at all or is preferably as small as possible.
- the content of the free amino acid is preferably 5 wt% or less, it is difficult to inhibit the display of functionality such as antioxidant and collagen production promoting ability, and the functionality of the peptide is easily expressed.
- free amino acids are not easily generated by using no enzymes or processing aids, and placenta extract having a free amino acid content of 5 wt% or less in the solid content. It becomes easier to obtain.
- the production of free amino acids can be suppressed, and a placenta extract with a free amino acid content of 5 wt% or less in solids can be obtained more. It becomes easier. Even if the content of free amino acid is 0 wt%, there is no problem as a placenta extract.
- the free amino acid in the solid content affects the expression of functionality.
- the peptide is more likely to express its functionality. As a result, functionality such as antioxidant and collagen production promoting ability is exhibited.
- the placenta extract treated by subcriticality suppresses the formation of free amino acids and facilitates the production of peptides regardless of the molecular weight.
- the content of free amino acids in the solid content is 10 wt% or less.
- a placenta extract in which the total peptide amount in the solid content is 70 wt% or more can be obtained.
- the placenta extract treated by subcriticality suppresses the formation of free amino acids and facilitates the production of peptides regardless of the molecular weight.
- the content of free amino acids in the solid content is 5 wt% or less.
- a placenta extract in which the content of the peptide in the solid content is 70 wt% or more.
- Such an extract can be obtained by the production method of the present invention.
- by adjusting various conditions such as temperature and time under subcritical conditions it is possible to suppress the production of free amino acids and facilitate the production of peptides, so the content of free amino acids in the solid content is 5 wt% or less.
- a placenta extract having a peptide content in the solid content of 70 wt% or more can be obtained more reliably.
- a placenta extraction in which the content of free amino acids in the solid content is 10 wt% or less, and the content of the low molecular weight peptide having a molecular weight in the solid content of 3000 or less is 40 wt% or more and 99.5 wt% or less.
- the product can exert functions such as antioxidant and collagen production promoting ability more strongly.
- the placenta extract treated by subcriticality suppresses the production of free amino acids and tends to produce low molecular weight peptides having a molecular weight of 3000 or less.
- the content of free amino acids in the solid content is 10 wt% or less.
- a placenta extract in which the content of the low molecular weight peptide having a molecular weight of 3000 or less in the solid content is 40 wt% or more and 99.5 wt% or less.
- Such an extract can be obtained by the production method of the present invention.
- the placenta extract processed by subcriticality has three or more different peaks in a molecular weight region of 3000 or less in a molecular weight region having a relative absorbance of 0.5 or more in high performance liquid chromatography described later.
- the extract contains a low-molecular-weight peptide having a molecular weight of 3000 or less, and this extract has not only an increased amount of peptide that acts on functionality compared to conventional products, but also a different action (for example, immediate action and (Slow effect, functional action and functional auxiliary action) can act on complex functionality, and the free amino acid content in the solid content is 10% or less, so it is estimated that the functionality is not hindered did. Based on this estimation, it was also estimated that an extract with higher functionality than a placenta extract treated with a conventional enzyme could be obtained.
- the placenta extract processed by subcriticality has a molecular weight of 3000 or less having a plurality of different peaks in a molecular weight region having a relative absorbance of 0.5 or more by high performance liquid chromatography in a region having a molecular weight of 3000 or less. It was estimated that even an extract containing the low molecular weight peptide had the same action as described above.
- a placenta extract containing 55 wt% or more and 99.5 wt% or less of a low molecular weight peptide having a free amino acid content in the solid content of 5 wt% or less and a molecular weight in the solid content of 3000 or less.
- the functions such as antioxidant and collagen production promoting ability can be sufficiently exhibited without inhibiting the performance of the functions.
- the placenta extract treated by subcriticality is free from the production of free amino acids and tends to produce low molecular weight peptides having a molecular weight of 3000 or less.
- the content of free amino acids in the solid content is 5 wt%.
- a placenta extract containing 55 wt% or more and 99.5 wt% or less of a low molecular weight peptide having a molecular weight of 3000 or less in the solid content can be obtained.
- the placenta extract processed by subcriticality is an extract in which a relative absorbance is 0.5 or more and high-speed chromatography described later has three or more peaks in a region having a molecular weight of 3000 or less.
- the placenta extract processed by subcriticality is an extract in which a plurality of different peaks are present in a region having a molecular weight of 3000 or less and having a relative absorbance of 0.5 or more by high-speed chromatography.
- the production of free amino acids can be suppressed, and peptides with a molecular weight of 3000 or less can be easily produced.
- Is 5 wt% or less and a placenta extract containing 55 wt% or more and 99.5 wt% or less of the low molecular weight peptide having a molecular weight of 3000 or less in the solid content can be obtained more reliably.
- the extracted components in the placenta extract are roughly classified into four components: free amino acids, low molecular weight peptides having a molecular weight of 3000 or less, peptides having a molecular weight of 3000 or more, and other components.
- Free amino acids include arginine, lysine, histidine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, valine, alanine, glycine, proline, glutamic acid (including glutamine), serine, threonine, aspartic acid (including asparagine), cystine, and tryptophan.
- the amino acid which 18 types of amino acids exist independently is pointed out.
- Low molecular weight peptides with a molecular weight of 3000 or less are arginine, lysine, histidine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, valine, alanine, glycine, proline, glutamic acid (including glutamine), serine, threonine, aspartic acid (including asparagine)
- peptides in which two or more molecules of 18 kinds of amino acids such as cystine and tryptophan are bonded all peptides having a molecular weight of 3000 or less are indicated.
- low molecular weight peptides with a molecular weight of 3000 or less have good absorbability to the human body, and the absorbed component is a placenta-derived protein typified by antioxidant activity, collagen production promoting ability, collagenase inhibitory activity, and blood pressure elevation inhibiting action. It is easy to demonstrate the functionality of the extract.
- Peptides with a molecular weight greater than 3000 include arginine, lysine, histidine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, valine, alanine, glycine, proline, glutamic acid (including glutamine), serine, threonine, aspartic acid (including asparagine), cystine.
- arginine arginine
- lysine histidine
- phenylalanine tyrosine
- leucine isoleucine
- methionine valine
- alanine glycine
- proline proline
- glutamic acid including glutamine
- serine serine
- threonine aspartic acid (including asparagine)
- cystine including asparagine
- components are inorganic components such as minerals, lipids, carbohydrates, etc. and all components other than peptides and amino acids. It is difficult to remove all of these other components by separation and extraction, and 0.5% by weight or more of the total solid content is contained in the placenta extract.
- constituent amino acid in this specification refers to the total amount of amino acids contained in all proteins, free amino acids, and peptides constituting the placenta and placenta extract. That is, it refers to the free amino acids that exist alone and the amino acids that make up all proteins and peptides regardless of molecular weight or simple substance / complex.
- constituent amino acids in the present application is a free amino acid, a low molecular weight peptide having a molecular weight of 3000 or less, and a peptide having a molecular weight of 3000 or more, and all these amino acids are indicated.
- constituent amino acid amount in the present application is a total amount of a free amino acid amount, a low molecular peptide amount having a molecular weight of 3000 or less, and a peptide amount having a molecular weight of greater than 3000.
- all peptides are all low-molecular-weight peptides having a molecular weight of 3000 or less and peptides having a molecular weight of more than 3000, in other words, all peptides regardless of molecular weight.
- the total peptide amount in the present application is a total amount of a low molecular peptide amount having a molecular weight of 3000 or less and a peptide amount having a molecular weight of greater than 3000.
- the low molecular weight peptide having a molecular weight of 3000 or less is 55 wt% or more in terms of the weight ratio in the total solid content of the extract. This is because the peptide content is further increased and functionalities such as antioxidant and collagen production promoting ability can be sufficiently exhibited.
- placenta is a mammalian placenta (placenta)
- the type of animal is not limited. From the viewpoint of availability, mammals such as humans, pigs, cows, horses, sheep and wild boars can be mentioned.
- the placenta raw material includes other components such as minerals such as minerals, lipids, and carbohydrates in an amount of 0.5 wt% or more. Therefore, even if all peptides can be made to have a molecular weight of 3000 or less by subcritical treatment, it is estimated that the upper limit of the content of the reduced peptide is 99.5 wt%. This is a numerical value obtained on the basis of empirical rules based on repeated experiments. Moreover, it is estimated that the upper limit of peptide content is also 99.5 wt%.
- water When water is used as the extractant used for the subcritical treatment in the present invention, it can be used in a liquid state or a gas state as long as it is a high-temperature water treatment. That is, water vapor may be supplied to the subcritical processing tank, water may be supplied, or both of them may be supplied.
- the temperature of water or water vapor is desirably 100 ° C. or higher, and the desired reaction field is more liable to proceed in the liquid state than in the gas.
- the subcritical treatment is a process in which a subcritical fluid as an extracting agent brought into a subcritical state under a predetermined temperature and pressure is brought into contact with a raw material to be extracted (in the present invention, a placenta) to thereby extract predetermined components from the extracted raw material.
- a raw material to be extracted in the present invention, a placenta
- Is extracted For example, when water is raised to a pressure of 22.12 MPa and a temperature of 374.15 ° C., it shows a state where it is neither liquid nor gas. This point is called the critical point of water, and hot water at a temperature and pressure lower than the critical point is called subcritical water.
- Subcritical water has an excellent component extraction action and hydrolysis action due to a decrease in dielectric constant and an improvement in ionic product.
- placenta and water as an extractant are placed in a pressure vessel such as metal or ceramics to bring it into a closed state, and the water is in a subcritical state (temperature: 100 ° C or higher, pressure: saturated vapor pressure or higher). ),
- the extract obtained by performing the contact between them for a certain time or more is defined as a subcritically processed extract.
- Examples of the extractant used for the subcritical treatment include, in addition to water, ethylene, ethane, propane, carbon dioxide, methanol, ethanol, and mixtures thereof. Among these, it is most preferable to use water from the viewpoint of safety.
- the temperature for sub-critical treatment of placenta is preferably 160-200 ° C. By adjusting to this temperature range, it is easy to produce a low molecular weight peptide having a molecular weight of 3000 or less, and the relative absorbance in a molecular weight region having a relative absorbance of 0.5 or more is different in molecular weight distribution measurement by high performance liquid chromatography described later. A low molecular weight peptide having a molecular weight of 3000 or less having one or more peaks can be obtained.
- the temperature of the subcritical treatment When the temperature of the subcritical treatment is less than 160 ° C., it tends to be difficult to produce a low molecular weight peptide having a molecular weight of 3000 or less. When the temperature of the subcritical treatment exceeds 200 ° C., the produced low molecular peptide further undergoes a subcritical reaction, and there is a tendency to reduce the production amount of the low molecular peptide having a molecular weight of 3000 or less.
- the temperature of the subcritical processing is 180 to 195 ° C. Within this range, it is easy to produce a low molecular weight peptide having a molecular weight of 3000 or less, and the production of free amino acids is easily suppressed to 10 wt% or less.
- the sub-critical processing pressure of the placenta is at or above the saturated vapor pressure at each temperature (for example, 0.61 MPa or more at 160 ° C., 1.55 MPa or more at 200 ° C. or more). By using this pressure, it is easy to produce a low molecular weight peptide having a molecular weight of 3000 or less.
- the upper limit of the subcritical processing pressure is not particularly defined, it is desirable to suppress the pressure to around 20-30 MPa due to the specifications of the high pressure apparatus.
- the placenta subcritical processing time is preferably 5-30 minutes. By making it within this processing time range, it is easy to produce a low molecular peptide, and a plurality of three or more different peaks are formed in a molecular weight region having a relative absorbance of 0.5 or more by high performance liquid chromatography described later. A low molecular weight peptide having a molecular weight of 3000 or less can be obtained.
- the subcritical processing time When the subcritical processing time is less than 5 minutes, it tends to be difficult to produce low molecular peptides. When the subcritical processing time exceeds 30 minutes, the produced low molecular weight peptide is further excessively decomposed, and a tendency to reduce the production amount of the low molecular weight peptide is observed.
- the processing time is 10-30 minutes. This is because, within this range, it is easy to produce a low molecular peptide and the production of free amino acids is easily suppressed to 10 wt% or less.
- the hydrolysis conditions by the subcritical treatment of the placenta when the extractant is water are as follows: the treatment temperature is 160-200 ° C., the treatment pressure is equal to or higher than the saturated vapor pressure of each temperature, and the treatment time is 5-30 minutes. It is desirable to do it. By carrying out under these conditions, it is easy to produce low molecular weight peptides and the production of free amino acids is suppressed.
- the treatment temperature is 180 to 195 ° C.
- the treatment pressure is equal to or higher than the saturated vapor pressure of each temperature
- the treatment time is 10 to 30 minutes. If it is this range, it will be easy to produce
- the recovered liquid can be used as it is as an aqueous solution containing a placenta extract.
- a solid placenta extract can be obtained by drying the collected liquid. It goes without saying that an aqueous solution containing the placenta extract can be obtained by dissolving the solid placenta extract in the aqueous solution again.
- Solid-liquid separation of the processed product obtained through the subcritical treatment can be performed by a general solid-liquid separation method to obtain a liquid portion. Specifically, filtration using a filter paper, centrifugation, Decantation, screw press, roller press, rotary drum screen, belt screen, vibrating screen, multiple plate vibration filter, vacuum dehydration, pressure dehydration, belt press, centrifugal concentration dehydration, multiple disk dehydration can be performed. It is.
- a solid placenta extract can be obtained by drying the liquid obtained after solid-liquid separation.
- a general drying method can be used.
- heat transfer drying such as box drying or spray drying, which is a heating system, internal heat drying such as microwave drying, non-drying, etc.
- a heating system such as freeze drying, vacuum drying, suction drying, pressure drying, ultrasonic drying, and the like are possible.
- drying using a simple oven or thermostat is generally acceptable.
- the placenta extract obtained by this subcritical treatment can be obtained as a low molecular peptide extract regardless of liquid or solid content.
- Example 1 200 g of pig placenta (Tokyo Shibaura organ; hereinafter referred to as porcine placenta) and 200 g of distilled water are put into a pressure-resistant container having a volume of 2 L, and the processing temperature is 180 ° C., the processing pressure is 1.0 MPa, and the processing time is 10 minutes. Processed.
- the treated product in the pressure vessel was collected and filtered with a cellulose filter paper (pore diameter: 1 ⁇ m, trade name: 5C, manufactured by Advantec), and the filtrate was collected.
- the placenta extract was obtained by freeze-drying the filtrate.
- this extract is referred to as a sample.
- Example 2 Processing was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the subcritical processing was performed at a processing temperature of 180 ° C., a processing pressure of 1.0 MPa, and a processing time of 30 minutes.
- Example 3 The process was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the subcritical process was performed at a processing temperature of 188 ° C., a processing pressure of 1.2 MPa, and a processing time of 20 minutes.
- Example 4 The process was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the subcritical process was performed at a process temperature of 195 ° C., a process pressure of 1.6 MPa, and a process time of 10 minutes.
- Example 5 The process was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the subcritical process was performed at a process temperature of 195 ° C., a process pressure of 1.6 MPa, and a process time of 30 minutes.
- Comparative Example 1 (Conditions for producing extract by enzyme treatment) 200 g of pig placenta, 50 ml of water, 4 ml of protein hydrolase Alcalase (manufactured by Novozymes) and 2 ml of 25 wt% sodium hydroxide were added and reacted at 60 ° C. for 3 hours. Thereafter, the filtrate obtained by treating the treatment liquid at 90 ° C. for 1 hour to deactivate the enzyme was collected with a cellulose filter paper (pore diameter: 1 ⁇ m, trade name: 5C manufactured by Advantec). The filtrate was freeze-dried and powdered.
- a cellulose filter paper pore diameter: 1 ⁇ m, trade name: 5C manufactured by Advantec
- Comparative Example 2 As an enzyme-treated product of pig placenta, a commercially available product A of placenta powder extract treated with an enzyme was used.
- Commercially available product A is a product obtained by purifying pig placenta with papain and treating with protease at 35 ° C. for 2 hours.
- the molecular weight obtained this time is not more than the extra exclusion molecular weight (about 100,000) of the column used for the upper limit in all samples, and the maximum molecular weight calculated from the time when elution starts is about 20,000. there were. Therefore, it was found that all the proteins contained in the raw materials in the above Examples and Comparative Examples were converted into peptide forms having a molecular weight of about 100,000 or less, and further about 20,000 or less and contained in the sample. .
- FIGS. 1 to 3 are charts of molecular weight distributions obtained by analyzing the samples obtained in Example 5, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 by high performance liquid chromatography.
- the lower horizontal axis of this chart shows the elution time (min), the upper horizontal axis shows the corresponding molecular weight, and the vertical axis shows the relative absorbance.
- a molecular weight region having a molecular weight of about 500, a molecular weight region having a molecular weight of about 250, and a molecular weight region having a molecular weight of less than 250 can be estimated from the behavior of the calibration curve depending on the properties of the column used this time. Difficult and accurate molecular weight cannot be measured, but molecular weight distribution having rough peaks in each of the three regions was observed under the above experimental conditions.
- Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 only a molecular weight distribution having one peak in the molecular weight region near the molecular weight of 250 was observed.
- the tendency of the three peaks of Example 5 is also observed in other Examples 1 to 4, and not only peptides obtained by existing enzyme treatment but also molecular weight distributions not obtainable by existing enzyme treatment under subcritical conditions. Extracts containing peptides are also obtained.
- Each sample was subjected to hydrochloric acid hydrolysis after performing formic acid oxidation treatment.
- a total of 18 types of arginine, lysine, histidine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, valine, alanine, glycine, proline, glutamic acid (including glutamine), serine, threonine, aspartic acid (including asparagine), cystine and tryptophan are measured. did.
- analysis other than tryptophan was measured by an amino acid automatic analyzer, and tryptophan was measured by a high-speed chromatographic method.
- the sample was directly measured for each amino acid by the same analysis. About these, 18 types of free amino acid amount and the amount of constituent amino acids were totaled, respectively. From the result, the amount of free amino acids in the solid content of the extract and the amount of constituent amino acids were determined. Furthermore, from the results in Table 1, the amount of each peptide (peptide, peptide having a molecular weight of 3000 or less, peptide having a molecular weight of 3000 or more) was determined. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Inhibition rate (%) 1- (absorbance after enzyme reaction of sample solution-absorbance of sample solution when added with buffer instead of enzyme) / (absorbance after enzyme reaction of blank-when adding buffer with instead of enzyme) Absorbance of blank) x 100
- ORAC evaluation that is, active oxygen generated by the radical generator AAPH (2,2′-Azobis [2-amidinopropane] dihydrochloride) decomposes the fluorescent substance fluorescein, and the fluorescence intensity is measured over time. The area of the decrease curve was calculated by measuring the concentration and comparing with the standard substance.
- Example 5 Using the samples of Example 5 and Comparative Example 2 and redissolving them in a mixture (1 ml) of acetone: water: acetic acid (70: 29.5: 0.5) (20 ⁇ l), 100 ⁇ M Trolox aqueous solution A dilute solution (20 ⁇ l) diluted with time and a blank (acetone: water: acetic acid (70: 29.5: 0.5) mixture (20 ⁇ l) were dispensed onto a microplate, and 94.4 nM fluorescein sodium salt (200 ⁇ l And was shaken for 30 minutes at 37 ° C.
- the antioxidant value was converted as TE ( ⁇ mol TE / g) per extract.
- the results of the antioxidant value of each sample are shown in Table 4.
- Collagen production promotion evaluation was performed using the sample of Example 5 and the sample of Comparative Example 2.
- N1RGB Normal human fibroblasts (NB1RGB) stored in liquid nitrogen are thawed and DMEM medium containing 5 wt% FBS (fetal calf serum) (Doulbecco's modified Eagles's) until sufficient cells are available for testing. (Medium).
- FBS fetal calf serum
- the cultured sample was diluted 3-fold with a DMEM medium containing 0.5 wt% FBS to prepare a total of 4 concentration test solutions.
- Cells that had become a sufficient number to be used for the test were collected by trypsin treatment, seeded in each well of a 96-well microplate, and pre-cultured for 24 hours. Thereafter, the DMEM medium containing 5% FBS was removed from the 96-well microplate, replaced with a medium containing each concentration of the sample, and the culture was continued for further 48 hours.
- the amount of collagen produced by the test sample was calculated according to the protocol of the human collagen (type I) ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) method.
- the medium was removed from the 96-well microplate in which the cells were cultured, and the cell viability was measured by MTT (3- (4,5-di-methylthiazol-2-yl) -2,5-diphenyltetrazole bromide, yellow tetrazole) assay. Measured and calculated the collagen concentration ( ⁇ g / ml) per 100% cell viability. The results are shown in Table 5.
- Collagenase inhibitory activity was evaluated using the sample of Example 5 and the sample of Comparative Example 2.
- Pz peptide solution manufactured by BACHEM Fenchemikaline AG, trade name: Pz-peptide
- a collagenase solution (manufactured by Sigma, trade name: Collagenase Type IV) was added and reacted at 37 ° C.
- ACE inhibitory activity was evaluated using the sample of Example 5 and the sample of Comparative Example 2. Extract 1.0 g of each sample with 20 ml of 50 vol% ethanol solution, dilute 10 times with 0.1 mol / l HEPES (4- (2-hydroxyethyl) -1-piperazine etheric acid) buffer (pH 8.3), and then test solution was prepared. 25 ⁇ l of 0.1 mol / l HEPES buffer (pH 8.3) (untreated group) or test solution was added to a 96-well microplate, 25 ⁇ l of 20 mU / ml ACE solution was added, and the mixture was incubated at 37 ° C. for 5 minutes. 25 ⁇ l of 8 mmol / l Hip-His-Leu (Hippuryl-L-histidyl-L-Leucine) solution was added and reacted at 37 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- HEPES 4- (2-hydroxyethyl) -1-piperazine etheric acid
- reaction was stopped by adding 25 ⁇ l of 0.1 mol / l sodium hydroxide solution, and 25 ⁇ l of 1 wt% OPA (o-Phtalaldehyde) solution was added and left at room temperature for 20 minutes. Furthermore, 25 ⁇ l of 0.1 mol / l hydrochloric acid was added and allowed to stand at room temperature for 10 minutes, and the fluorescence intensity at an excitation wavelength of 355 and a fluorescence wavelength of 460 nm was measured using a microplate reader (SpectraMax M2e, manufactured by Molecular Devices Sakai Japan Co., Ltd.). .
- the blank was tested in the same manner as described above using phosphate buffer (PBS) instead of 20 mU / ml ACE solution.
- PBS phosphate buffer
- the inhibition rate was determined therefrom, and the IC50 value was calculated as the sample concentration that inhibited ACE activity by 50%.
- the results are shown in Table 7.
- ACE activity inhibition rate (%) 1-(Fluorescence intensity after reaction of sample solution-fluorescence intensity of sample solution when added with PBS instead of enzyme) / (Fluorescence intensity after reaction of blank-Blank when added with PBS instead of enzyme) Fluorescence intensity) ⁇ 100
- the placenta extract obtained by subcritical treatment has a free amino acid content of 10 wt% or less, 0.1 wt% or more, and a low molecular weight peptide having a molecular weight of 3000 or less of 40 wt% or more, What was contained as a main component of 99.5 wt% or less could be obtained, and it was shown that functionality is high.
- Elastase is a kind of protease having the ability to degrade elastin, and the decrease in elastin is said to contribute to the development of skin wrinkles. Therefore, a component that inhibits the activity of elastase can be expected to have an effect of keeping human skin beautiful.
- elastase inhibitory activity was evaluated using the sample of Example 5 and the samples of Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
- Elastase activity inhibition rate (%) 1- (Absorbance after reaction of sample solution-Absorbance of sample solution when added with purified water instead of enzyme) / (Absorbance after reaction of blank-Blank of when added with purified water instead of enzyme) Absorbance) x 100
- the placenta extract of the present invention has functions such as antioxidant ability, collagen production promoting ability, collagenase activity inhibiting ability, ACE inhibiting ability, etc., so it can be used as a raw material for pharmaceuticals, and in foods such as cosmetic ingredients, drinks and supplements. Can be used.
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Abstract
Description
[1]遊離アミノ酸の含有量が全固形分中の10wt%以下であり、
ペプチドの含有量が全固形分中の70wt%以上、99.5wt%以下である、プラセンタ抽出物;
[2]遊離アミノ酸の含有量が全固形分中の10wt%以下であり、
分子量が3000以下である低分子化されたペプチドの含有量が全固形分中の40wt%以上、99.5wt%以下である、プラセンタ抽出物;
[3]プラセンタ原料と抽出剤とにより亜臨界処理することによって、
遊離アミノ酸の含有量が全固形分中の10wt%以下であり、
ペプチドの含有量が全固形分中の70wt%以上、99.5wt%以下であるプラセンタ抽出物を製造する方法;
[4]プラセンタ原料と抽出剤とにより亜臨界処理することによって、
遊離アミノ酸の含有量が全固形分中の10wt%以下であり、
分子量が3000以下である低分子化されたペプチドの含有量が全固形分中の40wt%以上、99.5wt%以下であるプラセンタ抽出物を製造する方法;に関する。
実施例1
容積2Lの耐圧容器に、ブタ胎盤(東京芝浦臓器;以下、ブタプラセンタと呼ぶ) 200g、蒸留水 200gを入れて、処理温度:180℃、処理圧力:1.0MPa、処理時間10分間で亜臨界処理を行った。
処理温度:180℃、処理圧力:1.0MPa、処理時間30分間で亜臨界処理を行った以外は、実施例1と同じ条件で行った。
処理温度:188℃、処理圧力:1.2MPa、処理時間20分間で亜臨界処理を行った以外は、実施例1と同じ条件で行った。
処理温度:195℃、処理圧力:1.6MPa、処理時間10分間で亜臨界処理を行った以外は、実施例1と同じ条件で行った。
処理温度:195℃、処理圧力:1.6MPa、処理時間30分間で亜臨界処理を行った以外は、実施例1と同じ条件で行った。
(酵素処理による抽出物の作製条件)
ブタプラセンタ200g、水50ml、蛋白質加水分解酵素Alcalase(Novozymes社製)4ml、25wt%水酸化ナトリウム2mlを添加し、60℃で3時間反応させた。その後、90℃で1時間処理し、酵素を失活させた処理液をセルロース製ろ紙(孔径:1μm、商品名:5C Advantec社製)によりろ過液を回収した。そのろ過液について凍結乾燥を実施し、粉末化した。
ブタ胎盤の酵素処理品として、酵素処理されたプラセンタ粉末抽出物の市販品Aを用いた。なお、市販品Aとは、ブタ胎盤をパパインで35℃、2時間の条件でプロテアーゼ処理し精製したものである。
実施例1~5および比較例1~2の試料を用いて、分子量分布の評価を行った。
分析方法はプラセンタ粉末を蒸留水に溶解させ4wt%溶液を作製し、0.45μmメンブランフィルターによりろ過し、高速液体クロマトグラフィー(アジレントテクノロジー社製HP1100シリーズ)による測定を行った。
実施例1~5と比較例1~2の試料の構成アミノ酸と遊離アミノ酸の分析を行った(なお、分析は一般財団法人食品分析開発センターSUNATECにて依頼し行った。)。
分子量3000以下のペプチドの量=(構成アミノ酸量)*(分子量3000以下の分子量分布割合)-遊離アミノ酸量
分子量3000より大きいペプチドの量=(ペプチド量-分子量3000以下のペプチドの量)
実施例1~5と比較例1~2の試料についてSOD様作用活性の測定を行った。
SOD様作用活性の測定にはSOD測定キット(同仁化学製)を使用した。そこから、阻害率を求め、SOD様活性を50%阻害する添加物の濃度(IC50値)を算出した。結果を表3に示す。
=1-(試料溶液の酵素反応後の吸光度-酵素の代わりに緩衝液と添加したときの試料溶液の吸光度)/(ブランクの酵素反応後の吸光度-酵素の代わりに緩衝液と添加したときのブランクの吸光度)×100
抗酸化評価試験としては、ORAC評価、即ち、ラジカル発生剤であるAAPH(2,2‘-Azobis[2-amidinopropane]dihydrochloride)が発生する活性酸素が蛍光物質フルオレセインを分解し、その蛍光強度を経時的に測定することによって、その減少曲線の面積を算出し、標準物質と比較することによって行った。
実施例5の試料と比較例2の試料を用いて、コラーゲン産生促進評価を行った。
実施例5の試料と比較例2の試料を用いて、コラゲナーゼ阻害活性評価を行った。
各試料の希釈液(試料添加濃度 4wt/vol%、試料添加濃度 20wt/vol%の2サンプルを用意した。)に対し、Pzペプチド液(BACHEM Fenichemikalien AG社製、商品名:Pz-ペプチド)、コラゲナーゼ液(シグマ社製、商品名:コラゲナーゼType IV)を添加し、37℃にて反応させた。その後、25mmol/L クエン酸溶液を加えて反応を停止させ、酢酸エチルを加え、遠心分離を行った。波長320nmにて酢酸エチル層の吸光度を測定し、コラゲナーゼ活性阻害率(%)を算出した。結果を表6に示す。
=1-(試料溶液の反応後の吸光度-酵素の代わりに精製水と添加したときの試料溶液の吸光度)/(ブランクの反応後の吸光度-酵素の代わりに精製水と添加したときのブランクの吸光度)×100
実施例5の試料と比較例2の試料を用いて、ACE阻害活性評価を行った。
各試料1.0gを50vol%エタノール溶液20mlで抽出後、0.1mol/l HEPES(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid)緩衝液(pH8.3)で10倍希釈して試験溶液を調製した。0.1mol/l HEPES緩衝液(pH8.3)(未処置区)または試験溶液を96穴マイクロプレートに25μl加え、20mU/ml ACE溶液を25μl加えて37℃で5分間保温した。8mmol/l Hip-His-Leu(Hippuryl-L-histidyl-L-Leucine)溶液を25μl加え、37℃で30分間反応した。
=1-(試料溶液の反応後の蛍光強度-酵素の代わりにPBSと添加したときの試料溶液の蛍光強度)/(ブランクの反応後の蛍光強度-酵素の代わりにPBSと添加したときのブランクの蛍光強度)×100
エラスターゼはエラスチンを分解する能力を有するプロテアーゼの一種であり、エラスチンの減少は肌のシワの発生の一因と言われている。よって、エラスターゼの活性を阻害する成分は、ヒトの肌を美しく保つ効果を有することが期待できる。
そこで、実施例5の試料と比較例1、比較例2の試料を用いて、エラスターゼ阻害活性評価を行った。
=1-(試料溶液の反応後の吸光度-酵素の代わりに精製水と添加したときの試料溶液の吸光度)/(ブランクの反応後の吸光度-酵素の代わりに精製水と添加したときのブランクの吸光度)×100
Claims (13)
- 遊離アミノ酸の含有量が全固形分中の10wt%以下であり、
ペプチドの含有量が全固形分中の70wt%以上、99.5wt%以下である、プラセンタ抽出物。 - 遊離アミノ酸の含有量が全固形分中の10wt%以下であり、
分子量が3000以下である低分子化されたペプチドの含有量が全固形分中の40wt%以上、99.5wt%以下である、プラセンタ抽出物。 - プラセンタ原料の亜臨界処理を経て抽出される請求項1又は2に記載のプラセンタ抽出物。
- 前記亜臨界処理は、処理温度160-200℃である請求項3に記載のプラセンタ抽出物。
- 前記亜臨界処理は、処理時間5-30分である請求項3又は4に記載のプラセンタ抽出物。
- 亜臨界処理を経て得られる処理物を、次いで固液分離処理して液体を回収する工程をさらに含む、請求項3~5のいずれか1項に記載のプラセンタ抽出物。
- 請求項1~6いずれか1項に記載のプラセンタ抽出物を含む水溶液。
- プラセンタ原料と抽出剤とにより亜臨界処理することによって、
遊離アミノ酸の含有量が全固形分中の10wt%以下であり、
ペプチドの含有量が全固形分中の70wt%以上、99.5wt%以下であるプラセンタ抽出物を製造する方法。 - プラセンタ原料と抽出剤とにより亜臨界処理することによって、
遊離アミノ酸の含有量が全固形分中の10wt%以下であり、
分子量が3000以下である低分子化されたペプチドの含有量が全固形分中の40wt%以上、99.5wt%以下であるプラセンタ抽出物を製造する方法。 - 前記亜臨界処理は、処理温度160-200℃である請求項8又は9に記載のプラセンタ抽出物を製造する方法。
- 前記亜臨界処理は、処理時間5-30分である請求項8~10いずれか1項に記載のプラセンタ抽出物を製造する方法。
- 前記抽出剤は、水、エチレン、エタン、プロパン、二酸化炭素、メタノール及びエタノールからなる群より選択される1種類以上である、請求項8~11いずれか1項に記載のプラセンタ抽出物を製造する方法。
- 亜臨界処理を経て得られる処理物を、次いで固液分離処理して液体を回収する工程をさらに含む、請求項8~11いずれか1項に記載のプラセンタ抽出物を製造する方法。
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JP2016044141A (ja) * | 2014-08-22 | 2016-04-04 | イビデン株式会社 | プラセンタ抽出物 |
JP2017100998A (ja) * | 2015-12-02 | 2017-06-08 | イビデン株式会社 | プラセンタ抽出物およびプラセンタ抽出物の製造方法 |
CN109913368A (zh) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-06-21 | 深圳市第二人民医院 | 一种抛弃式胎盘粉碎、回收装置 |
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- 2014-05-02 KR KR1020157026753A patent/KR101828488B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2014-05-02 WO PCT/JP2014/062154 patent/WO2014181769A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2014-05-02 EP EP14794304.7A patent/EP2995313A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-05-02 JP JP2015515868A patent/JPWO2014181769A1/ja active Pending
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See also references of EP2995313A4 * |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015186806A1 (ja) * | 2014-06-04 | 2015-12-10 | イビデン株式会社 | プラセンタ抽出物およびプラセンタ抽出物の製造方法 |
JP2016044141A (ja) * | 2014-08-22 | 2016-04-04 | イビデン株式会社 | プラセンタ抽出物 |
JP2017100998A (ja) * | 2015-12-02 | 2017-06-08 | イビデン株式会社 | プラセンタ抽出物およびプラセンタ抽出物の製造方法 |
JP2019206495A (ja) * | 2018-05-30 | 2019-12-05 | 株式会社粧薬研究所 | ウマプラセンタエキスを有効成分とする剤 |
CN109913368A (zh) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-06-21 | 深圳市第二人民医院 | 一种抛弃式胎盘粉碎、回收装置 |
CN109913368B (zh) * | 2019-03-26 | 2022-06-17 | 深圳市第二人民医院 | 一种抛弃式胎盘粉碎、回收装置 |
CN117624328A (zh) * | 2023-12-11 | 2024-03-01 | 珠海市华喜生物科技有限公司 | 一种高抗氧活性的羊胎盘多肽及其制备方法和应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2014181769A1 (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
KR101828488B1 (ko) | 2018-02-12 |
EP2995313A1 (en) | 2016-03-16 |
KR20160008164A (ko) | 2016-01-21 |
EP2995313A4 (en) | 2016-10-19 |
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