WO2014174908A1 - 制御システム及び制御方法 - Google Patents
制御システム及び制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014174908A1 WO2014174908A1 PCT/JP2014/055617 JP2014055617W WO2014174908A1 WO 2014174908 A1 WO2014174908 A1 WO 2014174908A1 JP 2014055617 W JP2014055617 W JP 2014055617W WO 2014174908 A1 WO2014174908 A1 WO 2014174908A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
- B05C5/02—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
- B05C5/0254—Coating heads with slot-shaped outlet
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/043—Processes of manufacture in general involving compressing or compaction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
- B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
- B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
- B05C11/1002—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves
- B05C11/1005—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material already applied to the surface, e.g. coating thickness, weight or pattern
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
- B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
- B05C11/1002—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves
- B05C11/1015—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves responsive to a conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature ; responsive to position or movement of the coating head relative to the target
- B05C11/1023—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves responsive to a conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature ; responsive to position or movement of the coating head relative to the target responsive to velocity of target, e.g. to web advancement rate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
- B05C5/02—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
- H01M4/0419—Methods of deposition of the material involving spraying
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a control system and a control method for applying a coated material such as an electrode active material to a substrate.
- the weight per unit area of the coated material that adheres to the base material when the base material is continuously applied to the base material such as a belt (ie, coating amount). May need to be adjusted with high accuracy.
- the weight per unit area of the electrode active material applied to the current collector sheet, which is the base material affects the performance of the secondary battery, and can be adjusted with high accuracy. Required.
- it is important in terms of the quality of the secondary battery to match the positions of the coating end portions of the electrode active material coated on both the front and back surfaces of the substrate. For this reason, it is required to adjust the coating end position with high accuracy. From the viewpoint of productivity, it is required to match the position of the coating end with the set value in the shortest possible time from the start of coating.
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 in a coating apparatus including a backup roll that supports a base material and a die coater that is disposed opposite to the backup roll and discharges the electrode active material, the electrode active material is pumped to the die coater. Adjust the discharge rate of the electrode active material by adjusting the number of revolutions of the pump to be used and the gap between the die coater and the base material, thereby adjusting and setting the weight per unit area of the electrode active material (that is, the coating amount) It is described to match the value.
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 describe that the coating weight is adjusted, for example, the rising shape of the end portions of the electrode active material in the width direction of the base material, and the central portion sandwiched between these end portions There is no description about adjusting the shape of the. That is, until now, no proposal has been made on a technique for adjusting and optimizing the surface shape of the coated material such as the electrode active material in the substrate width direction.
- One aspect of the present invention optimizes the surface shape of the coated material in the width direction of the substrate when the coated material such as an electrode active material is applied to the substrate.
- 1st invention is a control system, Comprising: The gap adjustment part which adjusts the gap of the nozzle which discharges a coated material, and the base material to which the said coated material is coated, The said coated material is set to the said nozzle A rotation speed adjustment section for adjusting the rotation speed of the pump to be pumped, an end model simulating the shape of the rising area in the surface shape in the substrate width direction of the coated material, and the rising area in the surface shape Based on a central part model simulating the shape of the sandwiched central region, a model calculation unit for calculating the surface shape of the coated product, and the surface shape of the coated product calculated by the model calculating unit And a preset setting shape, and a control calculation unit that obtains control amounts of the gap adjustment unit and the rotation speed adjustment unit based on a comparison result of the comparison unit. Teyo .
- the surface shape in the substrate width direction of the coated material is expressed by the end model and the center model, and these end model and center section.
- the surface shape is obtained by calculation using the model. Since the surface shape obtained by this calculation shows the surface shape of the coated material that was actually applied, comparing the surface shape obtained by the calculation with the set shape, The difference (that is, the comparison result) between the surface shape of the object and the set value can be obtained. Furthermore, in one mode of the present invention, based on this difference, the gap between the substrate and the nozzle that discharges the coating material and the rotation speed of the pump that pumps the coating material to the nozzle are adjusted.
- the model calculation unit calculates an end position of the coated material based on the end model, and the comparison unit is calculated by the model calculation unit.
- the gap adjusting unit can individually adjust the gap on one side and the other side in the substrate width direction, and the model calculating unit Based on the end model and the center model, a configuration may be adopted in which the end position, the inclination of the center region, and the average coating amount of the center region are obtained as values indicating the surface shape.
- the fourth invention may adopt a configuration in the third invention in which the central model is expressed by a linear function.
- the 5th invention is the said 2nd invention WHEREIN:
- the said model calculation part is the edge part position of the said coating material calculated
- a plurality of the nozzles are arranged in the substrate width direction with respect to the nozzle, and each has a discharge amount of the coating material from the nozzle
- a zone actuator adjustment unit that controls a zone actuator to be adjusted is further provided, and the control calculation unit obtains control amounts of the gap adjustment unit, the rotation speed adjustment unit, and the zone actuator adjustment unit based on a comparison result of the comparison unit. You may employ
- control calculation unit may obtain the control amount by a steepest descent method relating to a sum of squares of the control deviation.
- the ninth invention may adopt a configuration in any one of the first to eighth inventions, wherein the end model is expressed by a function indicating a Gompertz curve.
- the model calculation unit uses a steepest descent method relating to a square deviation between the shape of the rising region obtained by the end model and the shape of the rising region by actual measurement.
- a configuration may be adopted in which a parameter included in a function indicating the Gompertz curve is obtained, and a shape of the rising region is obtained based on a function showing the Gompertz curve using the parameter.
- the model calculation unit calculates an inflection point of the Gompertz curve as the end position, and the comparison unit is calculated by the model calculation unit. You may employ
- the apparatus includes an end position measuring unit that measures the actual end position of the coated product, and the measurement result of the end position measuring unit is obtained by the model calculating unit. You may employ
- 13th invention is a control method, Comprising: Adjusting the gap of the nozzle which discharges a coating material, and the base material to which the said coating material is coated, The said coating material is pumped to the said nozzle Adjusting the number of rotations of the pump, an end model simulating the shape of the rising region in the surface shape in the substrate width direction of the coated material, and a central region sandwiched between the rising regions in the surface shape Obtaining the surface shape of the coated product by calculation based on a center model simulating the shape of the coating, and comparing the calculated surface shape of the coated material with a preset set shape And controlling the gap and the rotational speed based on the comparison result may be adopted.
- the surface shape is obtained by calculation using the end model and the center model, and the setting is performed by comparing the surface shape obtained by the calculation with the set shape.
- a difference from the shape that is, a comparison result
- the gap between the substrate and the nozzle that discharges the coating material and the rotation speed of the pump that pumps the coating material to the nozzle are adjusted. For this reason, it becomes possible to optimize the surface shape of the coated material in the width direction of the substrate when the coated material such as the electrode active material is applied to the substrate.
- FIG. 1 It is a mimetic diagram showing a schematic structure of a battery sheet electrode manufacturing device which adopts a control system in one embodiment of the present invention. It is the schematic diagram which expanded the schematic structure containing the die-coater with which the sheet electrode manufacturing apparatus for batteries is equipped, and shows the mode of 1-line coating. It is the schematic diagram which expanded the schematic structure containing the die-coater with which the sheet electrode manufacturing apparatus for batteries is equipped, and shows the mode of 2 strip coating. It is a graph which shows the result of having measured the electrode active material with the thickness meter. The response model when only the left gap is operated independently is shown. The response model is shown when only the right gap is operated independently. 4A shows a response model obtained by superimposing the response models shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B. FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a battery sheet electrode manufacturing apparatus 1 that employs the control system and the control method of the first embodiment.
- a battery sheet electrode manufacturing apparatus 1 includes a raw material tank 2, a supply pump 3 (pump), a die coater 4, a backup roll 5, a drying furnace 6, a winder 7, and a measuring unit. 8 and a control unit 9.
- Reference symbol G indicates a gap between a nozzle that discharges the electrode active material X provided in the die coater 4 and a current collector Y (base material) supported by the backup roll 5.
- Reference symbol Z indicates the transport direction (flow direction) of the current collector Y.
- the raw material tank 2 is a container for storing the electrode active material X.
- the supply pump 3 is connected to the raw material tank 2 and pumps the electrode active material X stored in the raw material tank 2 toward the die coater 4.
- the supply pump 3 is capable of adjusting the rotation speed by the control unit 9 and pumps the electrode active material X in an amount corresponding to the rotation speed.
- the electrode active material X includes a binder in addition to the active material.
- FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram enlarging a schematic configuration including the die coater 4.
- a pedestal 4a, a die 4b, a zone actuator 4c, a left drive unit 4d, and a right drive unit 4e are provided.
- the pedestal 4a supports the die 4b.
- the die 4b is disposed to face the backup roll 5, and has a slit 4b1 extending in the width direction of the current collector Y (base material) supported by the backup roll 5.
- the die 4b discharges the electrode active material X fed from the supply pump 3 to the current collector Y through the slit 4b1.
- the die 4b having the slit 4b1 from which the electrode active material X is discharged functions as a nozzle for discharging the coated material.
- the single coater in a normal state, as shown in FIG. 2A, the single coater has a single coating part in the flow direction, but a shim (spacer) is provided at an appropriate position of the slit 4 b 1.
- a plurality of strip coating having two or more coating portions can be performed.
- the control system and the control method according to one aspect of the present invention can be applied to both the single-line coating and the multiple-line coating.
- a plurality of zone actuators 4c are arranged along the slit 4b1 of the die 4b.
- the zone actuators 4c are arranged adjacent to each other without a gap, and adjust the discharge amount of the electrode active material X from the slits 4b1 in the area (zone) in which each zone actuator 4c is controlled.
- the left drive unit 4d moves the pedestal 4a that supports the die 4b in the normal direction of the surface of the current collector Y supported by the backup roll 5, and as shown in FIG. 2A, the backup is performed from the die coater 4 side.
- the left drive unit 4d includes, for example, a motor whose rotation is controlled by the control unit 9, a rack and pinion that transmits the power of the motor to the base 4a, and the like.
- the right drive unit 4e has the same configuration as the left drive unit 4d, and is disposed near the right end of the die coater 4 as shown in FIG. 2A.
- the left drive unit 4d and the right drive unit 4e move the die 4b supported by the pedestal 4a to the current collector Y by moving the pedestal 4a closer to or away from the current collector Y under the control of the control unit 9. Move closer or further away.
- the left driving unit 4d and the right driving unit 4e can be individually driven by the control unit 9.
- the left driving unit 4d adjusts the left gap G1 shown in FIG. 2A, and the right driving unit 4e is shown in FIG. 2A.
- the right gap G2 shown is adjusted.
- the backup roll 5 supports the belt-like current collector Y sent between a feeder (not shown) and the winder 7 at a midway position, and the die 4b of the die coater 4 with the shaft in a horizontal state. Are arranged opposite to each other.
- the drying furnace 6 is installed on the rear stage side of the backup roll 5, and is included in the electrode active material X by drying the electrode active material X applied to the current collector Y. Water is evaporated and the electrode active material X is fixed to the current collector Y.
- the winder 7 winds and collects the current collector Y dried in the drying furnace 6.
- the measuring unit 8 includes a thickness meter 8a and an end position measuring device 8b (end position measuring unit).
- the thickness gauge 8a is arranged between the backup roll 5 and the drying furnace 6, and measures the weight per unit area of the electrode active material X applied to the current collector Y. To do.
- this thickness meter 8a for example, an X-ray thickness meter or a ⁇ -ray thickness meter that measures the weight distribution in the width direction of the electrode active material X while always reciprocating in the width direction of the current collector Y. Can be used.
- the weight per unit area of the electrode active material X corresponds to the coating amount of the electrode active material X.
- the thickness meter 8a measures the coating amount distribution in the width direction of the current collector Y.
- the end position measuring device 8b is disposed between the drying furnace 6 and the winder 7, and measures the end position of the electrode active material X applied to the current collector Y. For example, the end position measuring device 8b captures an image of the electrode active material X on the base material Y, and obtains the end position of the electrode active material X by performing image processing on the imaging result.
- the thickness gauge 8 a and the end position measuring device 8 b are connected to the control unit 9 and input measurement results to the control unit 9.
- the end position measuring device 8b is auxiliary and can be configured not to be installed.
- the control unit 9 is connected to the supply pump 3, the left drive unit 4 d and the right drive unit 4 e of the die coater 4.
- the control unit 9 is connected to each zone actuator 4 c of the die coater 4.
- the surface shape of the electrode active material X applied to the current collector Y satisfies a preset value based on the measurement result of the measurement unit 8. As described above, the rotation speed of the supply pump 3 and the gap between the die 4b and the current collector Y are adjusted.
- the control system 10 is formed by the measurement unit 8 and the control unit 9 and is incorporated in the battery sheet electrode manufacturing apparatus 1 to apply the electrode active material X to the current collector Y. Control the state.
- the electrode active material X stored in the raw material tank 1 is supplied to the die coater 4 by the supply pump 3, and this electrode active material X is supplied to each zone actuator 4c.
- the discharge amount is adjusted toward the surface of the current collector Y from the slit 4b1 formed in the die 4b.
- the current collector Y is transported between an unillustrated feeder and the winder 7, and the electrode active material X is applied at a location facing the slit 4b1 of the die 4b.
- the current collector Y coated with the electrode active material X is dried in the drying furnace 6 and then wound up and collected as a battery sheet electrode by the winder 7.
- the coating profile shape means the surface shape of the electrode active material X and means what is actually obtained by measurement
- the calculated profile shape is the surface shape of the electrode active material X. , Which is obtained by calculation using a model (a center part model and an end part model).
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing results obtained by actually applying the electrode active material X to the current collector Y and measuring with the thickness meter 8a.
- the horizontal axis indicates the measurement points in the width direction of the current collector Y.
- the vertical axis indicates the weight (that is, the coating amount). Since the result measured by the thickness meter 8a is the coating amount at each measurement point, the graph shown in FIG. 3 shows the surface shape of the current collector Y of the electrode active material X in the width direction. It can also be said.
- the feature of the control system 10 of the first embodiment is that the surface shape of the electrode active material X is modeled.
- the surface shape includes a central region R1 in which the weight distribution can be regarded as flat, a rising region R2 in which the weight increases rapidly, and an intermediate between the central region R1 and the rising region R2.
- the intermediate region R3 is modeled by a function that linearly interpolates the end position of the central region R1 and the end position of the rising region R2, and is not necessarily a necessary region.
- the surface shape of the electrode active material X is considered by dividing it into the rising regions R2 at both ends and the central region R1 sandwiched between these rising regions R2.
- Y r a response of the central region R1 when operating the response of the central region R1 when operating only the independent left gap G1 shown in FIG. 2 y l (i), only the right gap G2 shown in FIG. 2 independently (I)
- Y l (i), y r (i), and y c (i) can be modeled by the following equations (1) to (3).
- dG r is the right gap operation change amount [ ⁇ m]
- dG l is the left gap operation change amount [ ⁇ m]
- K r is the process gain of the response of the central region R1 to the right gap operation change.
- K 1 is the process gain [(mg / cm 2 ) / ⁇ m] of the response of the central region R1 to the left gap operation change
- N is the central region response width [pt]
- ⁇ is The response ratio is shown.
- the response when the left gap G1 and the right gap G2 are operated simultaneously is the superposition of the responses when the left gap G1 and the right gap G2 are operated independently. It can be expressed and linearity is established. That is, when the response model when only the left gap G1 shown in FIG. 4A is independently operated and the response model when only the right gap G2 shown in FIG. A model showing such linearity is obtained, and the response model shown in FIG. 4C is a response model when the left gap G1 and the right gap G2 are simultaneously operated.
- the change rate of the coating weight average value is a value obtained by multiplying the unit change rate of the gap operation change amount by the actual gap operation change amount.
- the change rate of the coating weight average value is a value obtained by multiplying the unit change rate of the pump rotation speed operation change amount by the actual pump rotation speed operation change amount.
- dA can be modeled by the following equation (4).
- dG represents the gap simultaneous operation change amount [ ⁇ m]
- dP represents the pump rotation speed operation change amount [%]
- K g represents the coating weight average of the central region R1 with respect to the gap simultaneous operation change amount.
- K p indicates a coat weight average process gain changes in the central region R1 [% /%] with respect to the pump speed operation change amount.
- K g is obtained from the equations (1) to (3).
- a> 0, 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 1, c ⁇ 0 are parameters that characterize the coating profile shape, a determines the upper limit in the coating profile shape, and b indicates the position of the coating profile shape with respect to the horizontal axis. And c determines the slope of the coating profile shape.
- FIG. 5A shows the calculation result obtained by
- FIG. 5B shows the actual coating profile shape in the rising region R2 located at the rightmost end under the same conditions and the calculation result obtained by Expression (7).
- c>0 and in the case of FIG. 5B, c ⁇ 0.
- FIGS. 5A and 5B it can be seen that the actual coating profile shape and the result of the model using the Gompertz curve are almost the same.
- the Gompertz curve has one inflection point in the curve.
- the change in the position of the inflection point was examined by operating the left gap G1 and the right gap G2 independently or simultaneously from the initial state.
- the result of superposing the change in the position of the inflection point when the left gap G1 is operated independently and the change in the position of the inflection point when the right gap G2 is operated independently is It was found that the change in the position of the inflection point when the gap G1 and the right gap G2 were operated simultaneously substantially coincided.
- the coating profile shape when only the right gap G2 is expanded is such that the rising region R2 on both sides approaches, the central region R1 becomes higher on the right side and lower on the left side. Inclined to.
- the coating profile shape when only the right gap G2 is narrowed is inclined such that the rising region R2 on both sides is far away, and the central region R1 is higher on the left side and lower on the right side.
- the shape of the coating profile changes in the same manner only when the inclination direction of the central region R1 is reversed.
- the inflection point of the Gompertz curve is defined as the end position (coating end position) of the electrode active material X.
- a change in the right end coating end position when the left gap G1 and the right gap G2 are operated is dW r
- a left end coating end position change is dW l .
- dW r and dW l are expressed by the following expressions (8) and (9).
- dG r right gap manipulation change amount [ ⁇ m], dG l left gap operation change amount [ ⁇ m], KW rr rightmost coated end position change relative to the right a gap operation changes Process gain [mm / ⁇ m], KW rl is the process gain change of the right end coating end position with respect to the left gap operation change [mm / ⁇ m], KW rr is the process of the left end coating end position change with respect to the right gap operation change
- the gain [mm / ⁇ m] and KW ll indicate the process gain [mm / ⁇ m] of the left end coating end position change with respect to the left gap operation change.
- Expressions (8) and (9) indicate that when the left gap G1 and the right gap G2 are operated simultaneously, the left and right coating end position changes when the left gap G1 and the right gap G2 are operated independently. It can be expressed by a superposition of changes in the coating end position on each of the left and right sides, indicating that linearity is established.
- the change amount of the left end coating end position is a value obtained by multiplying the change amount of the left end coating end position per unit change amount of the pump rotation speed by the actual pump rotation speed operation change amount.
- the change amount of the right end coating end position is a value obtained by multiplying the change amount of the right end coating end position per unit change amount of the pump rotation speed by the actual pump rotation speed operation change amount.
- dW r when the change in the right end coating end position when the pump speed is operated is dW r , and the left end coating end position change is dW l , dW r is modeled by the following equation (10).
- DW l can be modeled by equation (11) below.
- dP is the pump rotation speed operation change amount [%]
- KW rP is the process gain [mm /%] of the right end coating end position change with respect to the pump rotation speed operation change
- KW 1P Indicates the process gain [mm /%] of the change in the position of the left end coating end with respect to the change in operation of the pump speed.
- Table 1 shows the relationship between the simultaneous operation of the left gap G1 and the right gap G2, and the coating weight average value and coating width of the central region R1. That is, when the left gap G1 and the right gap G2 are simultaneously widened (+), the coating weight average value increases and the coating width decreases. On the other hand, when the left gap G1 and the right gap G2 are simultaneously narrowed (-), the coating weight average value decreases and the coating width increases.
- the coating width means the distance between the left and right coating end positions.
- Table 2 shows the relationship between the pump rotation speed, the coating weight average value and the coating width of the central region R1. In other words, increasing the pump rotation speed (+) increases both the coating weight average value and the coating width, and decreasing the pump rotation speed (-) increases the coating weight average value and the coating width. Both decrease.
- the position of the inflection point of the Gompertz curve is generally different from the exact end position of the electrode active material X. Therefore, the exact end position of the electrode active material X is measured in advance by the end position measuring device 8b, the difference between the position of the inflection point and the actual end position is obtained, and this difference is used to obtain the end position. May be corrected.
- the control system 10 separates the surface shape of the electrode active material X into the central region R1 and the rising region R2 based on the above-described concept, and expresses the central region R1 by a linear linear function.
- the rising region R2 is simulated by an end model represented by a function that draws a Gompertz curve.
- the control system 10 according to the first embodiment obtains a calculation profile shape using these center model and end model and compares it with a set value (set shape), and based on the comparison result, actual coating is performed.
- the left gap G1, the right gap G2, and the pump rotation speed are adjusted so that the profile shape becomes the set value.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the control system 10 of the first embodiment.
- the end position measuring device 8b is not shown in FIG. 8 because it is used for auxiliary use such as for obtaining a correction value.
- the control unit 9 of the control system 10 of the first embodiment is formed by a computer having a memory and a CPU, and stores a control program for controlling the coating state of the electrode active material X.
- the center model and the end model are stored in the control unit 9.
- the control unit 9 stores the above-described formulas (1) to (6) as a center model, and stores the above-described formulas (7) to (10) as end models. As shown in FIG.
- control unit 9 includes a model calculation unit 9a (model calculation unit), a comparison unit 9b (comparison unit), a control calculation unit 9c (control calculation unit), and a gap output unit 9d (gap adjustment). Part), a supply pump output part 9e (rotational speed adjustment part) and a zone actuator output part 9f (zone actuator adjustment part).
- the control unit 9 When the coating profile shape of the electrode active material X measured by the thickness meter 8a is input, the control unit 9 firstly uses the model calculation unit 9a to determine the electrode active material based on the end model and the center model. The calculation profile shape of X is obtained.
- the slope and average value of the central region R1, the end positions of the right and left rising regions R2 (the inflection point position of the Gompertz curve), and the coating profile shape for each zone corresponding to the zone actuator 4c are calculated profiles. It is obtained as a value indicating the shape.
- the arithmetic expression for correction as shown in the equation (12) is stored in the control unit 9, the end position of the rising region R2 is corrected by the model calculation unit 9a.
- the control unit 9 compares the value indicating the calculation profile shape obtained by calculation in the model calculation unit 9a with a preset setting value, and obtains the difference. Further, the control unit 9 calculates the operation amount (control amount) of the left gap G1, the right gap G2, and the pump rotation speed based on the difference that is the comparison result in the comparison unit 9b in the control calculation unit 9c. Each operation amount is converted into an electrical signal by the gap output unit 9d, the supply pump output unit 9e, and the zone actuator output unit 9f.
- the gap output unit 9d inputs the operation amount converted into an electric signal to the left drive unit 4d and the right drive unit 4e of the die coater 4, and drives the left drive unit 4d and the right drive unit 4e, thereby driving the left gap G1 and the right drive unit 4e.
- the gap G2 is adjusted.
- the supply pump output unit 9e inputs the operation amount converted into an electric signal to the supply pump 3, and adjusts the rotation speed of the supply pump 3.
- the zone actuator output unit 9f inputs an operation amount converted into an electric signal to each zone actuator 4c, and adjusts the discharge amount of the electrode active material X through each zone actuator 4c.
- the control system 10 repeats such an operation (control method) to thereby determine the slope and average value of the central region R1, the end positions of the right and left rising regions R2 (the inflection point position of the Gompertz curve), the zone The feed pump 3, each zone actuator 4c, the left drive unit 4d, and the right drive unit 4e are feedback-controlled so that the coating profile shape for each zone corresponding to the actuator 4c matches the set value.
- FIG. 9 shows a control flow of pattern I.
- the control unit 9 first obtains the coating profile shape (coating amount distribution) from the thickness meter 8a (step S11), and then the parameters included in the end model (parameters a and b included in the equation (7)). , C) is estimated (step S12).
- the coating profile shape (coating amount distribution) in the rising region R2 is p (k), and the deviation e (k) and the square deviation function J from the end model y b (k) (Gompertz curve) are expressed by the following equation (13): ) And the following formula (14).
- k ⁇ n, ⁇ n + 1,..., ⁇ 1, 0, 1,..., N ⁇ 1, n represents a total of 2n + 1 data sample points.
- a, b, and c included in y b (k) are set to the steepest descent method. Estimate using.
- the parameter is expressed as a vector and expressed by the following equation (15).
- Equation (16) the update rule of equation (15) that minimizes J by the steepest descent method is obtained as in the following equations (17) and (18).
- ⁇ s represents an estimated value of the parameter obtained by the s-th iteration calculation.
- [gamma] a , [gamma] b , [gamma] c are small positive constants that determine how much the parameter is updated in one iteration with a step width. This is a tuning parameter for using the steepest descent method.
- control unit 9 calculates an inflection point as shown in FIG. 9 (step S13).
- the control unit 9 calculates an inflection point as shown in FIG. 9 (step S13).
- the following equation (19) is obtained by second-order differentiation of y b (k) with respect to k.
- control unit 9 obtains and feeds back the coating end position (step S14), and performs control based on the relationship of the steady gain matrix (step S15).
- the operation amount is the gap simultaneous operation amount dG and the pump rotation speed operation amount dP
- the control amount is the coating weight average value change dA and the coating width change dW.
- l 1,1 to l 2,2 represent steady gains (process gains) from the manipulated variables to the controlled variables.
- the matrix of equation (22) composed of l 1,1 to l 2,2 is called a steady gain matrix.
- condition number that serves as an index for determining the control algorithm is defined by the ratio between the maximum singular value and the minimum singular value of the steady-state gain matrix.
- condition number exceeds 50, a control law using an inverse matrix like the least square law is not suitable. In such a case, a control algorithm to which the steepest descent method related to the sum of squares of the control deviation is applied is effective.
- the gap G, the pump rotation speed P, the weight A, and the coating width W are respectively expressed as vectors, and the following expression (24) is obtained.
- L 1 represents a steady gain matrix of Expression (22), and Expression (26) represents initial values of weight and coating width.
- J c When the evaluation function J c is a square deviation function, J c can be calculated as in the following equation (29) using the relationship of the equation (25).
- Equations (31) and (32) finally obtained are control laws to which the steepest descent method is applied.
- FIG. 10 shows a control flow of pattern II.
- the control unit 9 first obtains a coating profile (weight distribution) from the thickness meter 8a (step S21), and then estimates the slope and intercept of the center model by the least square method (step S22). Subsequently, similarly to the pattern I, the control unit 9 estimates the parameters included in the end model (step S23), calculates the inflection point (step S24), obtains the coating end position, and feeds back (step (step S24)). S25).
- the control unit 9 performs control based on the relationship of the steady gain matrix (step S26).
- the operation amounts are the left and right gap operation amounts dG r and dG l and the pump rotation speed operation amount dP
- the control amounts are the slope dS of the central region R1, the intercept dB of the central region R1, and the m strip coating.
- Equation (35) From the relationship between Equation (34), Equation (4), and Equations (8) to (11), the steady gain matrix is obtained as in Equation (35) below.
- l 1,4 to l 2m + 2 and v + 3 are obtained by analyzing the response of the central region R1 to the operation of the zone actuator 4c and the coating end position change.
- l 2m + 3,1 to l 2m + 2 + v, 3 are obtained by analyzing changes in the coating profile shape for each zone with respect to independent operation of the left gap G1 and right gap G2 or pump speed operation.
- l 2m + 3,4 to l 2m + 2 + v, v + 3 are obtained by analyzing the change in the coating profile shape for each zone in response to the zone actuator operation.
- Pattern III since the number of conditions is large, it is effective to apply the steepest descent method as a control algorithm.
- FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B show the results of comparing the calculated profile shape obtained in the control system 10 of the first embodiment with the actually measured coating profile shape.
- FIG. 12A shows a response when the left gap G1 is operated independently
- FIG. 12B shows a response when the right gap G2 is operated independently.
- FIGS. 12A and 12B it was confirmed that the calculated profile shape obtained by the calculation almost coincided with the coating profile shape obtained by the actual measurement.
- the calculation profile shape is obtained by performing the calculation using the end model and the center model, and the calculation profile obtained by the calculation.
- the shape is compared with the set shape (set value)
- a difference from the set value that is, the comparison result
- the gap between the die coater 4 and the current collector Y and the rotation of the supply pump 3 The number is adjusted. For this reason, when the electrode active material X is applied to the current collector Y, the surface shape of the electrode active material X in the width direction of the current collector Y can be optimized (matched to the set shape).
- the control part 9 calculates
- the end position calculated by the above is compared with the end position of the set shape. For this reason, the end position of the electrode active material X can be reliably optimized, and the application end position of the electrode active material X can be optimally controlled. Further, in such a case, it is possible to optimally control the coating end position of the electrode active material X without using the end position measuring device 8b. However, in the case where the end position measuring device 8b is used, it is possible to expect more accurate control.
- the control system 10 of the first embodiment employs a configuration in which the gap can be individually adjusted on the left side and the right side in the width direction of the current collector Y. According to the control system 10 of the first embodiment that employs such a configuration, as described above, it is possible to adjust the inclination of the central region R1 in addition to the end position, and the coating weight average value ( It is also possible to adjust the average coating amount). Therefore, these values can be optimized by obtaining the end position, the inclination of the central region R1, and the coating weight average value as values indicating the calculation profile shape in the model calculation unit 9a. It becomes.
- the central part model is expressed by a linear function. For this reason, calculation of a center part model can be performed easily in a short time.
- the electrode active material actually applied as the calculation result is corrected.
- a value closer to the end position of X can be obtained. Since this correction is a linear correction, the end position of the electrode active material X actually applied can be obtained by easy calculation.
- the discharge amount of the electrode active material X can be adjusted in the width direction of the current collector Y by controlling a plurality of zone actuators 4c. For this reason, it becomes possible to adjust the shape of central region R1 more finely by controlling the above-mentioned pattern III.
- control amount is obtained by the steepest descent method regarding the square sum of the control deviation in the width direction. For this reason, it is possible to appropriately derive the control amount even when the condition number is large.
- the end model is expressed by a function indicating a Gompertz curve. For this reason, the shape of the rising region R2 obtained by calculation and the actual shape of the rising region R2 can be substantially matched, and the surface shape of the electrode active material X can be controlled more accurately.
- the parameters included in the function indicating the Gompertz curve using the steepest descent method relating to the square deviation between the shape of the rising region R2 obtained from the end model and the measured shape of the rising region R2 a, b, and c are obtained, and the shape of the rising region R2 is obtained based on a function indicating a Gompertz curve using these parameters a, b, and c.
- the shape of the rising region R2 obtained by calculation can be made the shape of the rising region R2 closer to the actual measurement, and the surface shape of the electrode active material X is more accurately controlled. It becomes possible.
- the inflection point of the Gompertz curve is obtained as the end position. Since only one inflection point exists in the Gompertz curve, the end position can be determined easily and reliably.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to general control when a paste-like coating material is applied to a substrate.
- the present invention can be applied to control when a film is manufactured by applying a paste-like resin to a substrate.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the end model is expressed by a function indicating a curve having an inflection point that is not a Gompertz curve. It is also possible to adopt a configuration expressed by a function indicating a bent line that does not have an inflection point.
- the measurement result of the end position measuring device 8b can be replaced with the end position of the electrode active material X obtained by the model calculation section 9a.
- the end position of the electrode active material X can be obtained more accurately by adopting this configuration. Is possible.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the calculated profile shape may be obtained from the coating profile shape acquired outside the control system 10 using the center model and the end model. . In this case, a configuration without the thickness gauge 8a can be employed.
- required by the model calculation part 9a was demonstrated.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and one of the gap between the die 4b and the current collector Y and the rotational speed of the supply pump 3 is based on the calculation profile shape obtained by the model calculation unit 9a. It is also possible to adopt a configuration for controlling the above. As described above, even when only one of the gap between the die 4b and the current collector Y and the rotation speed of the supply pump 3 is adjusted, the coating profile shape can be adjusted.
- SYMBOLS 1 Battery sheet electrode manufacturing apparatus, 2 ... Raw material tank, 3 ... Supply pump (pump), 4 ... Die coater, 4a ... Base, 4b ... Die (nozzle), 4b1 ... Slit, 4c ... ... Zone actuator, 4d ... Left drive part, 4e ... Right drive part, 5 ... Backup roll, 6 ... Drying furnace, 7 ... Winder, 8 ... Measuring part, 8a ...
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2013年4月26日に、日本に出願された特願2013-094668号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
Kr=Kl=K,dGr=dGl=dGとすると、下式(5)及び下式(6)が得られる。
図9にパターンIの制御フローを示す。制御部9は、まず厚さ計8aから塗工プロファイル形状(塗工量分布)を取得し(ステップS11)、続いて、端部モデルが含むパラメータ(式(7)に含まれるパラメータa,b,c)を推定する(ステップS12)。
図10にパターンIIの制御フローを示す。制御部9は、まず厚さ計8aから塗工プロファイル(重量分布)を取得し(ステップS21)、続いて、中央部モデルの傾き、切片を最小二乗法により推定する(ステップS22)。続いて、パターンIと同様に、制御部9は、端部モデルが含むパラメータを推定し(ステップS23)、変曲点を算出し(ステップS24)、塗工端部位置を求めてフィードバック(ステップS25)する。
ゾーンアクチュエータ4cの制御も行うことでゾーンごとに電極活物質Xの吐出量を調節することにより電極活物質Xの表面形状のより細かな調整を行う場合には、パターンIIに対して、ゾーンアクチュエータ操作量Δz1~Δzv(vはゾーン数)が新たな操作量として、ゾーンごとの塗工プロファイル形状の変化ΔZP1~ΔZPvが新たな制御量として加わる。よって、定常ゲイン行列は下式(36)となる。
Claims (13)
- 塗工物を吐出するノズルと前記塗工物が塗工される基材とのギャップを調整するギャップ調整部と、
前記ノズルに前記塗工物を圧送するポンプの回転数を調整する回転数調整部と、
前記塗工物の前記基材幅方向の表面形状における立上り領域の形状を模擬した端部モデル、及び、前記表面形状における前記立上り領域に挟まれた中央領域の形状を模擬した中央部モデルに基づいて、前記塗工物の前記表面形状を計算により求めるモデル計算部と、
前記モデル計算部により計算された前記塗工物の前記表面形状と予め設定された設定形状とを比較する比較部と、
前記比較部の比較結果に基づいて前記ギャップ調整部及び前記回転数調整部の少なくともいずれか一方の制御量を求める制御演算部と
を備える、制御システム。 - 前記モデル計算部は、前記端部モデルに基づいて前記塗工物の端部位置を求め、
前記比較部は、前記モデル計算部によって計算された前記端部位置と前記設定形状の端部位置とを比較する、
請求項1記載の制御システム。 - 前記ギャップ調整部は、前記基材幅方向の一方側と他方側とにおいて個別に前記ギャップを調整でき、
前記モデル計算部は、前記端部モデル及び前記中央部モデルに基づいて、前記端部位置、前記中央領域の傾き及び前記中央領域の平均塗工量を、前記表面形状を示す値として求める、請求項1記載の制御システム。 - 前記中央部モデルは一次関数により表現されている、請求項3記載の制御システム。
- 前記モデル計算部は、実測により得られた前記塗工物の端部位置に基づいて、前記計算により求められた前記塗工物の端部位置を補正する、請求項2記載の制御システム。
- 前記モデル計算部は、前記塗工物の端部位置を線形補正する、請求項5記載の制御システム。
- 前記ノズルに対して前記基材幅方向に複数配列されて設けられると共に各々が前記ノズルからの前記塗工物の吐出量を調整するゾーンアクチュエータを制御するゾーンアクチュエータ調整部をさらに備え、
前記制御演算部は、前記比較部の比較結果に基づいて前記ギャップ調整部、前記回転数調整部及びゾーンアクチュエータ調整部の制御量を求める、請求項1記載の制御システム。 - 前記制御演算部は、制御偏差の二乗和に関する最急降下法により前記制御量を求める、請求項1記載の制御システム。
- 前記端部モデルは、ゴンペルツ曲線を示す関数によって表現されている、請求項1記載の制御システム。
- 前記モデル計算部は、前記端部モデルにより求めた前記立上り領域の形状と実測による前記立上り領域の形状との二乗偏差に関する最急降下法を用いて前記ゴンペルツ曲線を示す関数が含むパラメータを求め、前記パラメータを用いた前記ゴンペルツ曲線を示す関数に基づいて前記立上り領域の形状を求める、請求項9記載の制御システム。
- 前記モデル計算部は、前記ゴンペルツ曲線の変曲点を前記端部位置として求め、
前記比較部は、前記モデル計算部によって計算された前記端部位置と前記設定形状の端部位置とを比較する、請求項9記載の制御システム。 - 実際の前記塗工物の端部位置を測定する端部位置測定部を備え、
前記端部位置測定部の測定結果を前記モデル計算部により求められる前記塗工物の端部位置と置き換える
ことを特徴とする請求項2記載の制御システム。 - 塗工物を吐出するノズルと前記塗工物が塗工される基材とのギャップを調整することと、
前記ノズルに前記塗工物を圧送するポンプの回転数を調整することと、
前記塗工物の前記基材幅方向の表面形状における立上り領域の形状を模擬した端部モデル、及び、前記表面形状における前記立上り領域に挟まれた中央領域の形状を模擬した中央部モデルに基づいて、前記塗工物の前記表面形状を計算により求めることと、
計算された前記塗工物の前記表面形状と予め設定された設定形状とを比較することと、
比較結果に基づいて前記ギャップ及び回転数の少なくともいずれか一方を制御することと、
を含む、制御方法。
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JP5830180B2 (ja) | 2015-12-09 |
CN104335393A (zh) | 2015-02-04 |
US20160111708A1 (en) | 2016-04-21 |
CN104335393B (zh) | 2016-09-21 |
US10026951B2 (en) | 2018-07-17 |
KR20150016235A (ko) | 2015-02-11 |
KR101739175B1 (ko) | 2017-05-23 |
JPWO2014174908A1 (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
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