WO2014174588A1 - ハイブリッド車両の制御装置および制御方法 - Google Patents
ハイブリッド車両の制御装置および制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014174588A1 WO2014174588A1 PCT/JP2013/061880 JP2013061880W WO2014174588A1 WO 2014174588 A1 WO2014174588 A1 WO 2014174588A1 JP 2013061880 W JP2013061880 W JP 2013061880W WO 2014174588 A1 WO2014174588 A1 WO 2014174588A1
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- Prior art keywords
- torque
- power source
- clutch
- shift
- mechanical power
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- B60W20/14—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion in conjunction with braking regeneration
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
- Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a control apparatus and a control method for a hybrid vehicle that includes a dual clutch transmission and is provided with a drive motor (electric motor) at one of odd and even stages of the transmission.
- DCT dual clutch transmission
- the dual clutch transmission has the following configuration. That is, the first transmission mechanism configured with an odd number of shift stages, the second transmission mechanism configured with an even number of shift stages, and the power source and the first transmission mechanism are interposed between the power source and the first transmission mechanism. Whether the transmission from the power source is transmitted to the first transmission mechanism, or the first clutch that interrupts transmission of the power, and the power from the power source and the second transmission mechanism to be transmitted to the second transmission mechanism. Or a second clutch for interrupting transmission of the power.
- hybrid vehicles are equipped with the dual clutch transmission described above.
- One of such hybrid vehicles includes one having the following configuration. That is, a mechanical power source such as an engine is used as a power source disposed via the first clutch and the second clutch, and another power source is connected to one of the input shafts of the first transmission mechanism and the second transmission mechanism.
- An electric power source such as a drive motor is provided.
- the hybrid vehicle described above has the following problems. That is, in the hybrid vehicle, at the time of deceleration, either the first clutch or the second clutch may be released, the mechanical power source may be stopped, and the electric power source may be regeneratively controlled.
- a shift request may be made to switch the shift stage between the respective shift stages of the transmission mechanism to which the electric power source is connected.
- the speed change request is made during the execution of the regenerative control by deceleration, all the synchro mechanisms in the speed change mechanism on the drive motor side are in the idling state. As a result, the motor torque becomes zero, so-called torque loss occurs, and the driver feels uncomfortable.
- Patent Document 1 has a problem that when the second clutch is completely directly connected, a braking force cannot be generated, and thus torque loss cannot be suppressed. Further, when the braking force by the drive motor is large, it is necessary to increase the torque of the second clutch. Therefore, a torque larger than the cranking torque may be required. At this time, torque loss is suppressed. There is a problem that can not be.
- Patent Document 3 requires a mechanism for adjusting the braking force regardless of the amount of depression of the brake pedal, a simulator for preventing the driver from feeling uncomfortable with the hydraulic brake, and the device configuration is complicated. In addition, there is a problem that the cost of the apparatus is significantly increased.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is a control device for a hybrid vehicle that can suppress torque loss that occurs during gear shifting during driving motor regeneration with a simple and inexpensive configuration. And to obtain a control method.
- a control apparatus for a hybrid vehicle is provided between a mechanical power source, an electric motor used when starting the mechanical power source, and a first transmission mechanism configured by the mechanical power source and a plurality of shift stages.
- a first clutch for transmitting the power of the mechanical power source to the first transmission mechanism or interrupting the transmission and the second transmission mechanism constituted by the mechanical power source and a plurality of shift stages,
- a second clutch that transmits or interrupts transmission of the power of the mechanical power source to the second speed change mechanism; an electric power source that is coupled to the input shaft of the first speed change mechanism and is capable of regenerative drive;
- Control unit It is those with a.
- the hybrid vehicle control method includes a mechanical power source, an electric motor used when starting the mechanical power source, and a first speed change mechanism including a mechanical power source and a plurality of shift stages. Provided between the first clutch for transmitting the power of the mechanical power source to the first transmission mechanism or blocking the transmission, and the second transmission mechanism constituted by the mechanical power source and a plurality of shift stages. A second clutch that transmits or interrupts transmission of the power of the mechanical power source to the second speed change mechanism, and an electric power source that is coupled to the input shaft of the first speed change mechanism and is capable of regenerative drive.
- a determination method for determining whether or not a shift request for switching the gear position of the first transmission mechanism has been made during regenerative travel of the electric power source which is executed by the hybrid vehicle control device. If, when the shift request is, to compensate for the reduced braking force during shifting in an electric power source, and has a control step for controlling at least one of the torque of the second clutch and the electric motor, the.
- the control unit is configured to operate the electric power source when a shift request for switching the gear position of the first transmission mechanism is made during regenerative travel of the electric power source.
- the torque of at least one of the second clutch and the electric motor is controlled so as to compensate for the braking force that is reduced during shifting by the power source. For this reason, it is possible to suppress torque loss that occurs at the time of shifting during driving motor regeneration with a simple and inexpensive configuration.
- FIG. 1 It is a block diagram which shows the control apparatus of the hybrid vehicle which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention.
- the hybrid vehicle control apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention it is an explanatory diagram showing a switching operation between gear meshing and idling of a synchro mechanism of a first transmission mechanism.
- 4 is a flowchart showing a process for adjusting torque of an internal combustion engine motor and suppressing torque loss in the hybrid vehicle control apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a timing chart showing the result of a process for adjusting torque of the internal combustion engine motor and suppressing torque loss in the hybrid vehicle control apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- 6 is a flowchart showing a process for adjusting torque of the second clutch and the internal combustion engine motor to suppress torque loss in the hybrid vehicle control apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a timing chart showing a result of a process of adjusting torque of the second clutch and the internal combustion engine motor and suppressing torque loss in the hybrid vehicle control apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a control apparatus for a hybrid vehicle according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- a hybrid vehicle 100 according to this hybrid vehicle control apparatus includes a dual clutch transmission 110 as a transmission, a drive motor (electric power source) 111 as an engine (power source), and an internal combustion engine motor ( An internal combustion engine (mechanical power source, engine) 113 on which an electric motor 112 is mounted is provided.
- the drive motor 111 is mounted on either the odd-numbered stage or the even-numbered stage (the odd-numbered stage in FIG. 1) of the dual clutch transmission 110.
- the internal combustion engine motor 112 can start the internal combustion engine 113 via a pulley (not shown).
- the dual clutch transmission 110 shifts mechanical power from at least one of the drive motor 111 and the internal combustion engine 113 and transmits the mechanical power to the drive wheels 190.
- the dual clutch transmission 110 includes a dual clutch mechanism 120, a first transmission mechanism 130, and a second transmission mechanism 140.
- the dual clutch mechanism 120 switches the engagement state and the disengagement state of the first clutch 121 and the second clutch 122, thereby changing the transmission path of the mechanical power from the engine output shaft 118 of the internal combustion engine 113 to the first speed change.
- the first input shaft 127 of the mechanism 130 or the second input shaft 128 of the second transmission mechanism 140 can be switched.
- the first clutch 121 is a hydraulic multi-plate clutch capable of transmitting mechanical power from the engine output shaft 118 to the first input shaft 127 of the first transmission mechanism 130
- the second clutch 122 is an engine output.
- the hydraulic multi-plate clutch is capable of transmitting mechanical power from the shaft 118 to the second input shaft 128 of the second transmission mechanism 140.
- the first speed change mechanism 130 has a first input shaft 127 and a first output shaft 137, and first gear pairs 131a and 131b, third gear pairs 132a, as gear pairs (gear stages). 132b, fifth speed gear pair 133a, 133b, R speed gear pair 134a, 134b, 134c, a gear pair capable of transmitting and receiving torque between the motor drive shaft 115 of the drive motor 111 and the first input shaft 127. 135a and 135d.
- the first speed change mechanism 130 is a gear connected to the first output shaft 137 and the synchro mechanisms 131e and 133e having a function of switching meshing or idling with the gear pair, and always meshes with the power integrated gear 156.
- a first drive gear 136b is provided. The operation of the synchronization mechanisms 131e and 133e will be described later.
- the second speed change mechanism 140 has a second input shaft 128 and a second output shaft 147, and as gear pairs (gear stages), second speed gear pairs 141a, 141b, fourth speed gear pairs 142a, 142b and a sixth speed gear pair 143a, 143b.
- the second speed change mechanism 140 is a gear connected to the synchro mechanisms 141e and 143e having a function of switching between meshing with the above gear pair or idling and the second output shaft 147, and always meshes with the power integrated gear 156.
- a second drive gear 146b is provided.
- the power integration gear 156 integrates torque when the torque is transferred between the first output shaft 137 and the second output shaft 147 and the propulsion shaft 166. Further, the propulsion shaft 166 is connected to the final reduction and differential mechanism 170, and enables transmission and reception of torque between the drive wheels 190 and the dual clutch transmission 110 via the power integrated gear 156.
- the final deceleration and differential mechanism 170 distributes the mechanical power to the final deceleration mechanism that decelerates the mechanical power transmitted from at least one of the drive motor 111 and the internal combustion engine 113 to the propulsion shaft 166 and the left and right drive shafts 180.
- the differential mechanism is configured to rotationally drive the drive wheels 190 respectively coupled to the drive shaft 180.
- the hybrid vehicle 100 is provided with an electronic control unit (control unit, ECU) 101 for the hybrid vehicle.
- the electronic control unit 101 has a ROM (not shown) as storage means for storing various control constants.
- the electronic control unit 101 is connected to the drive motor 111, the internal combustion engine motor 112, the second clutch 122, and various controllers and sensors (not shown), and based on the stored various control constants and obtained information, The torque of 112 and the torque of the second clutch 122 are controlled.
- FIG. 2 shows, as an example, a time-series image when the first transmission mechanism 130 shifts from the fifth speed to the third speed.
- the synchro mechanisms 131e and 133e of the first speed change mechanism 130 change between meshing between the first gear and the third gear and idling when the gears are shifted to the respective gear stages, and the synchro mechanism 133e The gear meshing between the fifth speed and the R speed and idling are switched.
- the synchro mechanism 133e is on the same axis as the first input shaft 127 by meshing with the gear 133b that exists on the same axis as the first output shaft 137. Torque is transmitted through the gear 133a.
- step S101 it is determined whether or not the drive motor 111 is in a regenerative state from information on the drive motor 111 such as the motor rotation speed (step S101). If it is determined in step S101 that the drive motor 111 is not in the regenerative state (that is, No), the process of FIG.
- step S101 when it is determined in step S101 that the drive motor 111 is in the regenerative state (that is, Yes), it is determined whether or not the second clutch 122 is in the directly connected state (step S102).
- the directly connected state of the second clutch 122 is that the differential rotation of the second clutch 122 (the difference in the rotational speed between the drive wheel side and the internal combustion engine side) is a predetermined value obtained through experiments or the like, for example, 5 rpm or less. Therefore, it is determined that the second clutch 122 is in a directly connected state.
- step S102 If it is determined in step S102 that the second clutch 122 is in a directly connected state (that is, Yes), a method for suppressing torque loss by the internal combustion engine motor 112 is executed (step S103), and the processing of FIG. finish. A method for suppressing torque loss by the internal combustion engine motor 112 will be described later.
- step S104 a method for suppressing torque loss by the second clutch 122 and the internal combustion engine motor 112 is executed (step S104). 3 is terminated. A method for suppressing torque loss by the second clutch 122 and the internal combustion engine motor 112 will be described later.
- step S ⁇ b> 103 in FIG. 3 a process of suppressing torque loss that occurs when shifting is performed during the regenerative travel of the drive motor 111 by adjusting the torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112 (step S ⁇ b> 103 in FIG. 3).
- step S ⁇ b> 103 in FIG. 3 a process of suppressing torque loss that occurs when shifting is performed during the regenerative travel of the drive motor 111 by adjusting the torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112.
- step S201 it is determined from the vehicle state such as the vehicle speed whether or not a shift is necessary (step S201).
- this determination may be made by directly sensing the vehicle state, or may be made based on a signal received from a measurement result of another controller (for example, a TM controller) through communication.
- a controller for example, a TM controller
- step S201 If it is determined in step S201 that no shift is necessary (ie, No), the processing in FIG.
- step S201 it is determined in the first transmission mechanism 130 whether or not the gear stage after the shift is engaged (step S201).
- this determination may be determined from the relationship between the motor speed and the vehicle speed, or information may be obtained from another controller or the like.
- step S202 If it is determined in step S202 that the gear position after the shift is not meshed (that is, No), it is determined in the first transmission mechanism 130 whether or not the gear stage before the shift is meshed. (Step S203).
- this determination may be made from the relationship between the motor rotation speed and the vehicle speed, or information may be obtained from another controller or the like.
- step S203 when it is determined that the gear is in mesh with the gear before shifting (that is, Yes), the target torque of the drive motor 111 and the target torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112 are set (step S204).
- the torque of the drive motor 111 is decreased by a predetermined amount.
- the torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112 is increased so as to compensate for the braking force that has been reduced by reducing the torque of the drive motor 111.
- the torque change time is a time obtained by experiments or the like so that the driver does not feel uncomfortable.
- the amount of change in torque is expressed by the following equation.
- ⁇ Tm represents the amount of change per unit step processing of the torque of the drive motor 111
- Gm represents the gear ratio from the drive motor 111 to the drive wheel 190
- ⁇ Tbsg represents the unit step of torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112.
- the amount of change per process is shown
- Gbsg shows the gear ratio from the internal combustion engine motor 112 to the drive wheel 190
- Tbsg (n) shows the torque after the change of the internal combustion engine motor 112.
- step S205 it is determined whether or not the torque of the drive motor 111 has become zero (step S205). If it is determined in step S205 that the torque of the drive motor 111 has become zero (that is, Yes), the sync mechanism 131e, 133e disengages the gear stage before the shift, and the gear stage after the shift. (Step S206), and the process of FIG.
- step S203 when it is determined in step S203 that the gear is not engaged with the gear before shifting (that is, No), and in step S205, it is determined that the torque of the drive motor 111 is not 0 (that is, No). In the case where it is found, the processing of FIG.
- step S202 determines whether the gear is in mesh with the gear position after the shift (that is, Yes). If it is determined in step S202 that the gear is in mesh with the gear position after the shift (that is, Yes), the target torque of the drive motor 111 and the target torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112 are set (step S202). S207).
- the torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112 is decreased by a predetermined amount. Further, the torque of the drive motor 111 is increased so as to compensate for the braking force that has been reduced by reducing the torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112.
- the torque change time is a time obtained by experiments or the like so that the driver does not feel uncomfortable.
- the amount of change in torque is expressed by the following equation.
- ⁇ Tm represents the amount of change per unit step processing of the torque of the drive motor 111
- Gm represents the gear ratio from the drive motor 111 to the drive wheel 190
- ⁇ Tbsg represents the unit step of torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112. The amount of change per process is indicated
- Gbsg indicates the gear ratio from the internal combustion engine motor 112 to the drive wheel 190
- Tm (n) indicates the torque after change of the drive motor 111.
- step S208 it is determined whether or not the torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112 has become zero (step S208). If it is determined in step S208 that the torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112 is not zero (that is, No), the processing of FIG.
- step S208 if it is determined in step S208 that the torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112 has become 0 (that is, Yes), it is determined that the shift has ended, and a shift end signal is output (step S209). The process of 4 ends.
- FIG. 5 shows a time chart when the first transmission mechanism 130 shifts from the fifth speed to the third speed.
- the first stage is a graph showing whether or not the gear is being changed.
- the rising edge of 0 ⁇ 1 indicates the shift start point
- the falling edge of 1 ⁇ 0 indicates the shift end point.
- the second stage is a graph showing the operation of the synchro mechanisms 131e and 133e for meshing the fifth speed gear and the third speed gear of the first transmission mechanism 130.
- the third row is a graph showing the braking force applied to the vehicle.
- Each of the braking forces generated by the drive motor 111, the braking force generated by the internal combustion engine motor 112, and the engine friction is shown.
- the braking force applied to the vehicle is the sum of the above three braking forces.
- the internal combustion engine motor 112 may be an alternator capable of adjusting the torque by adjusting the power generation amount.
- the torque and the rotational speed of the drive motor 111 change before and after the shift, but this is not shown.
- t0 to t1 are periods in which the driving motor 111 is regeneratively driven to generate a braking force. Further, t1 is a timing at which shifting is determined to be necessary from vehicle information such as vehicle speed.
- T1 to t2 is a period in which the torque of the drive motor 111 is gradually changed to 0 in order to execute a shift.
- the amount of decrease in the braking force due to the torque of the drive motor 111 is compensated by the torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112.
- the amount of change in torque is the value shown in step S204 of FIG. 4 described above.
- t2 is the timing when the torque of the drive motor 111 becomes zero, confirming that the torque of the drive motor 111 has become zero, and releasing the meshing of the fifth gear. Further, t2 to t3 are periods in which the gears are changed by the synchro mechanisms 131e and 133e, and the meshing of the fifth gear is released.
- T3 is the timing when it was confirmed that the meshing of the 5th gear was lost, and the meshing of the 3rd gear was inserted. Further, t3 to t4 are periods in which the gears are changed by the synchro mechanisms 131e and 133e, and the third gear is engaged.
- T4 is the timing when it was confirmed that the 3rd gear engaged. Further, t4 to t5 are periods in which the torque generated by the internal combustion engine motor 112 is gradually changed to zero. At this time, the decrease in the braking force due to the torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112 is compensated by the torque of the drive motor 111.
- the amount of change in torque is the value shown in step S207 of FIG. 4 described above.
- t5 is the timing when the torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112 becomes zero, and it is determined that the shift has been completed.
- the internal combustion engine motor 112 compensates for the braking force corresponding to the reduced torque of the drive motor 111, so that torque loss during shifting can be prevented and the driver feels uncomfortable. None give. In addition, since the internal combustion engine motor 112 originally used for starting the engine is used, there is no need to increase the cost.
- step S301 it is determined from the vehicle state such as the vehicle speed whether or not a shift is necessary (step S301).
- this determination may be made by directly sensing the vehicle state, or may be made based on a signal received from a measurement result of another controller (for example, a TM controller) through communication.
- a controller for example, a TM controller
- step S301 If it is determined in step S301 that no shift is required (ie, No), the processing in FIG. 6 is terminated.
- step S301 if it is determined in step S301 that a shift is necessary (that is, Yes), the torque control of the internal combustion engine motor 112 (the internal combustion engine motor 112 of the internal combustion engine motor 112 is controlled so that the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine 113 becomes zero). (Rotational speed 0 control) is executed (step S302). At this time, the torque may be compensated by short-circuiting the three-phase lines (U-phase, V-phase, W-phase) of the internal combustion engine motor 112.
- step S303 it is determined whether or not the gear position after the speed change is engaged.
- this determination may be determined from the relationship between the motor speed and the vehicle speed, or information may be obtained from another controller or the like.
- step S303 If it is determined in step S303 that the gear position after the shift is not meshed (that is, No), it is determined in the first transmission mechanism 130 whether or not the gear stage before the shift is meshed. (Step S304).
- this determination may be made from the relationship between the motor rotation speed and the vehicle speed, or information may be obtained from another controller or the like.
- step S304 when it is determined that the gear is in mesh with the gear before shifting (that is, Yes), the target torque of the drive motor 111 and the target torque of the second clutch 122 are set (step S305).
- the torque of the drive motor 111 is decreased by a predetermined amount.
- the transmission torque of the second clutch 122 is increased so as to compensate for the braking force that has been reduced by reducing the torque of the drive motor 111.
- the torque change time is a time obtained by experiments or the like so that the driver does not feel uncomfortable.
- the amount of change in torque is expressed by the following equation.
- ⁇ Tm represents a change amount per unit step process of torque of the drive motor 111
- Gm represents a gear ratio from the drive motor 111 to the drive wheel 190
- ⁇ T2 represents a unit of transmission torque of the second clutch 122.
- a change amount per step process is indicated
- G2 indicates a gear ratio from the second input shaft 128 to the drive wheel 190
- T2 (n) indicates a transmission torque after the change of the second clutch 122.
- step S306 it is determined whether or not the torque of the drive motor 111 has become zero. If it is determined in step S306 that the torque of the drive motor 111 has become zero (that is, Yes), the sync mechanism 131e, 133e disengages the gear stage before the gear shift, and the gear stage after the gear shift. (Step S307), and the process of FIG.
- step S304 when it is determined in step S304 that it is not meshed with the gear stage before the shift (that is, No), and in step S306, it is determined that the torque of the drive motor 111 is not 0 (that is, No). In the case where it is found, the processing of FIG.
- step S303 determines whether the gear is in mesh with the gear position after the shift (that is, Yes). If it is determined in step S303 that the gear is in mesh with the gear position after the shift (that is, Yes), the target torque of the drive motor 111 and the target torque of the second clutch 122 are set (step S303). S308).
- the transmission torque of the second clutch 122 is decreased by a predetermined amount. Further, the torque of the drive motor 111 is increased so as to compensate for the braking force that has been reduced by reducing the transmission torque of the second clutch 122.
- the torque change time is a time obtained by experiments or the like so that the driver does not feel uncomfortable. The amount of change in torque is expressed by the following equation.
- ⁇ Tm represents a change amount per unit step process of torque of the drive motor 111
- Gm represents a gear ratio from the drive motor 111 to the drive wheel 190
- ⁇ T2 represents a unit of transmission torque of the second clutch 122.
- a change amount per step process is indicated
- G2 indicates a gear ratio from the second input shaft 128 to the drive wheel 190
- Tm (n) indicates a torque after change of the drive motor 111.
- step S309 it is determined whether or not the transmission torque of the second clutch 122 has become zero (step S309). If it is determined in step S309 that the transmission torque of the second clutch 122 is not 0 (that is, No), the processing of FIG.
- step S309 if it is determined in step S309 that the transmission torque of the second clutch 122 has become 0 (that is, Yes), it is determined that the shift has ended, and a shift end signal is output (step S310). The process of FIG. 6 ends.
- FIG. 7 shows a time chart when the first transmission mechanism 130 shifts from the fifth speed to the third speed.
- the first stage is a graph showing whether or not the gear is being changed.
- the rising edge of 0 ⁇ 1 indicates the shift start point
- the falling edge of 1 ⁇ 0 indicates the shift end point.
- the second stage is a graph showing the operation of the synchro mechanisms 131e and 133e for meshing the fifth speed gear and the third speed gear of the first transmission mechanism 130.
- the third row is a graph showing the braking force applied to the vehicle.
- Each of the two braking forces that is, the braking force generated by the drive motor 111 and the braking force generated by the second clutch 122 and the internal combustion engine motor 112 is shown.
- the braking force applied to the vehicle is the sum of the two braking forces.
- the braking force of the second clutch 122 is equal to or higher than the cranking torque
- the braking force that is compensated by the internal combustion engine motor 112 is indicated by a bold line.
- the torque and the rotational speed of the drive motor 111 change before and after the shift, but this is not shown.
- t0 to t1 are periods in which the driving motor 111 is regeneratively driven to generate a braking force. Further, t1 is a timing at which shifting is determined to be necessary from vehicle information such as vehicle speed.
- T1 to t3 are periods in which the torque of the drive motor 111 is gradually changed to 0 in order to execute a shift. At this time, the decrease in the braking force due to the torque of the drive motor 111 is compensated by the transmission torque of the second clutch 122.
- the amount of change in torque is the value shown in step S305 of FIG.
- t2 is the timing when the transmission torque of the second clutch 122 becomes the cranking torque, and the engine speed 0 control of the internal combustion engine motor 112 is started. Further, t2 to t6 are periods in which the internal combustion engine motor 112 executes the engine speed 0 control so that the transmission torque of the second clutch 122 is equal to or higher than the cranking torque and the engine does not rotate. At this time, the torque may be compensated by short-circuiting the three-phase lines (U phase, V phase, W phase) of the internal combustion engine motor 112.
- t3 is the timing when the torque of the drive motor 111 becomes zero, confirming that the torque of the drive motor 111 has become zero, and releasing the meshing of the fifth gear. Further, t3 to t4 are periods in which the gears are changed by the synchro mechanisms 131e and 133e, and the meshing of the fifth gear is released.
- T4 is the timing when it was confirmed that the meshing of the fifth gear was lost, and the meshing of the third gear was inserted. Further, t4 to t5 are periods in which the gears are changed by the synchro mechanisms 131e and 133e, and the third gear is engaged.
- T5 is the timing when it was confirmed that the 3rd gear engaged.
- t5 to t7 are periods in which the transmission torque generated in the second clutch 122 is gradually changed to zero. At this time, the decrease in the braking force due to the transmission torque of the second clutch 122 is compensated by the torque of the drive motor 111.
- the amount of change in torque is the value shown in step S308 of FIG.
- t6 is the timing when the transmission torque of the second clutch 122 falls below the cranking torque, and the engine speed 0 control of the internal combustion engine motor 112 is terminated. Further, t7 is the timing when the transmission torque of the second clutch 122 becomes 0, and it is determined that the shift is complete.
- the second clutch 122 compensates for the braking force corresponding to the reduced torque of the drive motor 111, so that torque loss during shifting can be prevented and the driver feels uncomfortable. None give. Further, as represented by t2 to t6, even when the transmission torque of the second clutch 122 is equal to or higher than the cranking torque by the engine speed 0 control of the internal combustion engine motor 112, the engine does not rotate. Absent.
- the control unit uses the electric power source when a shift request for switching the gear position of the first transmission mechanism is made during regenerative travel of the electric power source.
- the torque of at least one of the second clutch and the electric motor is controlled so as to compensate for the braking force reduced during the shift. For this reason, it is possible to suppress torque loss that occurs at the time of shifting during driving motor regeneration with a simple and inexpensive configuration. Moreover, regardless of whether or not the second clutch is in the directly connected state, torque loss at the time of shifting can be suppressed, and the driver does not feel uncomfortable.
- the control unit controls the torque (power generation torque) of the electric motor so as to compensate for the braking force reduced at the time of shifting with the electric power source using only the electric motor. Therefore, since the electric motor originally mounted for starting the engine can be used, the cost is not increased.
- the control unit controls the torque of the second clutch and the electric motor using the second clutch and the electric motor so as to compensate for the braking force reduced at the time of shifting with the electric power source. To do. Therefore, the braking force of the electric power source is large, and torque loss that cannot be covered only by adjusting the torque of the second clutch can be suppressed.
- control unit controls the torque of the electric motor so that the rotation speed of the electric motor becomes zero. For this reason, even if a torque greater than the cranking torque is required, torque loss can be suppressed.
- a control part short-circuits the electricity supply phase of an electric motor. Therefore, torque loss can be suppressed without the power consumption of the electric power source, and the cost can be reduced.
- Embodiment 2 the engine is stopped during gear shifting, and torque loss that occurs when gear shifting during regenerative travel of the drive motor 111 is suppressed by adjusting the torque of the second clutch 122 and the internal combustion engine motor 112. The processing to be described has been described.
- the engine is rotated during the shift, and the torque loss that occurs when the drive motor 111 shifts during the regenerative travel is compensated for by the second clutch 122 and the internal combustion engine motor 112. A process for suppressing the torque by adjusting the torque will be described.
- the torque of the second clutch 122 and the internal combustion engine motor 112 is adjusted with respect to the torque loss that occurs when the engine rotates during the shift and shifts during the regenerative travel of the drive motor 111.
- a process to be suppressed by this (another process in step S104 in FIG. 3) will be described.
- the flowchart of FIG. 8 is executed by the electronic control unit 101 at intervals of, for example, 10 msec.
- step S401 it is determined from the vehicle state such as the vehicle speed whether or not a shift is necessary (step S401).
- this determination may be made by directly sensing the vehicle state, or may be made based on a signal received from a measurement result of another controller (for example, a TM controller) through communication.
- a controller for example, a TM controller
- step S401 If it is determined in step S401 that no shift is necessary (ie, No), the processing in FIG.
- step S401 it is determined in the first transmission mechanism 130 whether or not the gear stage after the shift is engaged (step S401).
- this determination may be determined from the relationship between the motor speed and the vehicle speed, or information may be obtained from another controller or the like.
- step S402 If it is determined in step S402 that the gear stage after the shift is not meshed (that is, No), it is determined in the first transmission mechanism 130 whether or not the gear stage before the shift is meshed. (Step S403).
- this determination may be made from the relationship between the motor speed and the vehicle speed, as in step S402, or information may be obtained from another controller or the like.
- step S404 If it is determined in step S403 that the gear is in mesh with the gear stage before the shift (that is, Yes), the target torque of the drive motor 111 and the target torque of the second clutch 122 are set (step S404).
- the torque of the drive motor 111 is decreased by a predetermined amount.
- the transmission torque of the second clutch 122 is increased so as to compensate for the braking force that has been reduced by reducing the torque of the drive motor 111.
- the torque change time is a time obtained by experiments or the like so that the driver does not feel uncomfortable.
- the amount of change in torque is expressed by the following equation.
- ⁇ Tm represents a change amount per unit step process of torque of the drive motor 111
- Gm represents a gear ratio from the drive motor 111 to the drive wheel 190
- ⁇ T2 represents a unit of transmission torque of the second clutch 122.
- a change amount per step process is indicated
- G2 indicates a gear ratio from the second input shaft 128 to the drive wheel 190
- T2 (n) indicates a transmission torque after the change of the second clutch 122.
- step S405 it is determined whether or not the engine speed is within a predetermined range.
- this determination is to determine whether or not the resonance point of the vehicle body is avoided.
- the predetermined range of the engine speed is determined by obtaining the resonance point of the vehicle body through experiments or the like.
- step S405 If it is determined in step S405 that the engine speed is not within the predetermined range (ie, No), the target torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112 is set as follows (step S406). Specifically, the torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112 is set to 0 because there is no possibility that the vehicle body will resonate.
- step S405 when it is determined in step S405 that the engine speed is within the predetermined range (that is, Yes), the target torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112 is set as follows (step S407). Specifically, in order to accelerate the engine rotation to the extent that the driver does not feel uncomfortable and to quickly pass through the resonance point, which is obtained through experiments or the like, the internal combustion engine motor 112 is expressed as Assist with torque.
- Je represents the engine inertia
- w represents the engine speed
- T2 represents the torque of the second clutch 122
- Tbsg represents the torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112.
- step S408 it is determined whether or not the torque of the drive motor 111 has become zero (step S408). If it is determined in step S408 that the torque of the drive motor 111 has become zero (ie, Yes), the sync mechanism 131e, 133e disengages the gear stage before the shift and the gear stage after the shift. (Step S409), and the process of FIG.
- step S403 determines that the gear before the gear shift is not in mesh (that is, No)
- step S408 it is determined that the torque of the drive motor 111 is not 0 (that is, No). In the case where it is found, the processing of FIG.
- step S402 determines whether the gear is in mesh with the gear position after the shift (that is, Yes). If it is determined in step S402 that the gear is in mesh with the gear position after the shift (that is, Yes), the target torque of the drive motor 111 and the target torque of the second clutch 122 are set (step S402). S410).
- the transmission torque of the second clutch 122 is decreased by a predetermined amount. Further, the torque of the drive motor 111 is increased so as to compensate for the braking force that has been reduced by reducing the transmission torque of the second clutch 122.
- the torque change time is a time obtained by experiments or the like so that the driver does not feel uncomfortable. The amount of change in torque is expressed by the following equation.
- ⁇ Tm represents a change amount per unit step process of torque of the drive motor 111
- Gm represents a gear ratio from the drive motor 111 to the drive wheel 190
- ⁇ T2 represents a unit of transmission torque of the second clutch 122.
- a change amount per step process is indicated
- G2 indicates a gear ratio from the second input shaft 128 to the drive wheel 190
- Tm (n) indicates a torque after change of the drive motor 111.
- step S411 it is determined whether or not the engine speed is within a predetermined range.
- this determination is to determine whether or not the resonance point of the vehicle body has been avoided, as in step S405.
- the predetermined range of the engine speed is determined by obtaining the resonance point of the vehicle body through experiments or the like.
- step S411 If it is determined in step S411 that the engine speed is not within the predetermined range (that is, No), the target torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112 is set as follows (step S412). Specifically, since there is no possibility that the vehicle body will resonate, the torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112 is applied as shown in the following equation in order to decelerate the engine at a gentle speed that does not cause the driver to feel strange. The transmission torque generated by the second clutch 122 acting in the direction of accelerating the rotation is canceled, and the engine speed is decreased.
- Je represents the engine inertia
- w represents the engine speed
- T2 represents the torque of the second clutch 122
- Tbsg represents the torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112.
- step S411 when it is determined in step S411 that the engine speed is within the predetermined range (that is, Yes), the target torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112 is set as follows (step S413). Specifically, the internal combustion engine motor 112 is obtained as shown by the following equation in order to reduce the engine speed to an extent that the driver does not feel uncomfortable and to quickly pass through the resonance point, which is obtained through experiments and the like. Assist with the torque.
- Je represents the engine inertia
- w represents the engine speed
- T2 represents the torque of the second clutch 122
- Tbsg represents the torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112.
- step S4114 it is determined whether or not the transmission torque of the second clutch 122 has become zero (step S414). If it is determined in step S414 that the transmission torque of the second clutch 122 is not 0 (that is, No), the processing in FIG.
- step S414 determines that the transmission torque of the second clutch 122 has become 0 (that is, Yes)
- step S414 determines that the transmission torque of the second clutch 122 has become 0 (that is, Yes)
- step S405 a shift end signal is output (step S415). The process of FIG. 8 ends.
- FIG. 9 shows a time chart when the first transmission mechanism 130 shifts from the fifth speed to the third speed.
- the first stage is a graph indicating whether or not the gear is being changed.
- the rising edge of 0 ⁇ 1 indicates the shift start point
- the falling edge of 1 ⁇ 0 indicates the shift end point.
- the second stage is a graph showing the operation of the synchro mechanisms 131e and 133e for meshing the fifth speed gear and the third speed gear of the first transmission mechanism 130.
- the third row is a graph showing the braking force applied to the vehicle.
- Each of the two braking forces that is, the braking force generated by the drive motor 111 and the braking force generated by the second clutch 122 is shown.
- the braking force applied to the vehicle is the sum of the above two braking forces and engine friction (not shown).
- the fourth row is a graph showing the torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112.
- the upward direction of the vertical axis is a torque in a direction for promoting the rotation of the engine by the braking force of the second clutch 122, and the downward direction is a torque in a direction for suppressing the rotation of the engine.
- the fifth row is a graph showing the engine speed.
- the predetermined value is an engine speed at which it can be determined that the vehicle has passed the resonance point of the vehicle body obtained through experiments or the like when the numerical value is exceeded.
- t0 to t1 are periods in which the driving motor 111 is regeneratively driven to generate a braking force. Further, t1 is a timing at which shifting is determined to be necessary from vehicle information such as vehicle speed.
- T1 to t4 are periods in which the torque of the drive motor 111 is gradually changed to 0 in order to execute a shift. At this time, the decrease in the braking force due to the torque of the drive motor 111 is compensated by the transmission torque of the second clutch 122.
- the torque change amount and the change time are the values shown in step S404 of FIG. 8 described above.
- t2 is the timing when the transmission torque of the second clutch 122 becomes the cranking torque, and the engine starts to rotate. Further, from t2 to t3, the transmission torque of the second clutch 122 can be set by controlling the pressing force of the clutch.
- the transmission torque of the second clutch 122 By setting the transmission torque of the second clutch 122, the torque is transmitted to the engine and the engine speed increases. Further, this is a region where the resonance of the vehicle body is excited by the engine. In order to make the engine equal to or higher than the resonance point of the vehicle body as soon as possible, the internal combustion engine motor 112 is used to rotate the engine as expressed by the following equation. Accelerate.
- Je represents the engine inertia
- w represents the engine speed
- T2 represents the torque of the second clutch 122
- Tbsg represents the torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112.
- t3 is the timing when the engine speed exceeds a predetermined value.
- Je represents the engine inertia
- w represents the engine speed
- T2 represents the torque of the second clutch 122.
- T3 to t4 are the engine rotation speed increase period due to the transmission torque of the second clutch 122, and the torque transmitted from the second clutch 122 is used to increase the engine rotation speed.
- t4 is the timing when the torque of the drive motor 111 becomes zero, confirming that the torque of the drive motor 111 is zero, and releasing the meshing of the fifth gear. Further, t4 to t5 are periods in which the gears are changed by the synchro mechanisms 131e and 133e, and the meshing of the fifth gear is released.
- T5 is the timing when it is confirmed that the meshing of the fifth gear is lost, and the meshing of the third gear is inserted. Also, t5 to t6 are periods in which the gears are changed by the synchro mechanisms 131e and 133e, and the third gear is engaged.
- T6 is the timing when it was confirmed that the 3rd gear engaged.
- t6 to t9 are periods in which the transmission torque generated in the second clutch 122 is gradually changed to zero. At this time, the decrease in the braking force due to the transmission torque of the second clutch 122 is compensated by the torque of the drive motor 111.
- the torque change amount and the change time are the values shown in step S410 of FIG. 8 described above.
- Je represents the engine inertia
- w represents the engine speed
- T2 represents the torque of the second clutch 122
- Tbsg represents the torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112.
- t7 is a timing at which the engine speed becomes a predetermined value or less. Further, from t7 to t8, this is a region where the resonance of the vehicle body is excited by the engine. In order to stop the engine as soon as possible, the engine is stopped using the internal combustion engine motor 112 as expressed by the following equation. .
- Je represents the engine inertia
- w represents the engine speed
- T2 represents the torque of the second clutch 122
- Tbsg represents the torque of the internal combustion engine motor 112.
- t8 is the timing when the transmission torque of the second clutch 122 falls below the cranking torque, and the engine stops. Also, t9 is the timing when the transmission torque of the second clutch 122 becomes zero, and it is determined that the shift is complete.
- the second clutch 122 compensates for the braking force corresponding to the reduced torque of the drive motor 111, so that torque loss at the time of shifting can be prevented and the driver feels strange.
- the torque assist of the internal combustion engine motor 112 can quickly avoid the region where the resonance of the vehicle body is excited by the engine, thereby allowing the driver to feel uncomfortable due to the resonance. It can be shortened.
- the control unit accelerates or decelerates the rotation of the mechanical power source with the electric motor when the rotational speed of the mechanical power source is within a predetermined range. Therefore, by shortening the stay time in the vicinity of the resonance speed of the mechanical power source, it is possible to shorten the time for giving the driver a sense of incongruity.
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Abstract
Description
特許文献1に係る発明では、第2クラッチが完全に直結している場合には、制動力を発生させることができないので、トルク抜けを抑制することができないという問題がある。また、駆動モータによる制動力が大きい場合には、第2クラッチのトルクを大きくする必要があるので、クランキングトルクよりも大きなトルクが必要になることがあるが、このとき、トルク抜けを抑制することができないという問題がある。
そのため、簡素かつ安価な構成で、駆動モータ回生走行中の変速時に発生するトルク抜けを抑制することができる。
なお、以下の実施の形態では、第1変速機構130が奇数段の変速段であり、第2変速機構140が偶数段の変速段である場合を例に挙げて説明するが、奇数段および偶数段は、逆であってもよい。
図1は、この発明の実施の形態1に係るハイブリッド車両の制御装置を示す構成図である。図1において、このハイブリッド車両の制御装置に係るハイブリッド車両100は、変速機としてデュアルクラッチ式変速機110を備え、原動機(動力源)として、駆動モータ(電気動力源)111、および内燃機関モータ(電動機)112が搭載された内燃機関(機械動力源、エンジン)113を備えている。
ステップS101において、駆動モータ111が回生状態でない(すなわち、No)と判定された場合には、そのまま図3の処理を終了する。
ΔTbsg=(ΔTm×Gm)÷Gbsg
Tbsg(n)=ΔTbsg+Tbsg(n-1)
ステップS205において、駆動モータ111のトルクが0になった(すなわち、Yes)と判定された場合には、シンクロ機構131e、133eにより変速前のギヤ段との噛み合わせをはずし、変速後のギヤ段との噛み合わせを実行し(ステップS206)、図4の処理が終了する。
ΔTm=(ΔTbsg×Gbsg)÷Gm
Tm(n)=ΔTm+Tm(n-1)
ステップS208において、内燃機関モータ112のトルクが0になっていない(すなわち、No)と判定された場合には、そのまま図4の処理を終了する。
ΔT2=(ΔTm×Gm)÷G2
T2(n)=ΔT2+T2(n-1)
ステップS306において、駆動モータ111のトルクが0になった(すなわち、Yes)と判定された場合には、シンクロ機構131e、133eにより変速前のギヤ段との噛み合わせをはずし、変速後のギヤ段との噛み合わせを実行し(ステップS307)、図6の処理が終了する。
ΔTm=(ΔT2×G2)÷Gm
Tm(n)=ΔTm+Tm(n-1)
ステップS309において、第2クラッチ122の伝達トルクが0になっていない(すなわち、No)と判定された場合には、そのまま図6の処理を終了する。
そのため、簡素かつ安価な構成で、駆動モータ回生走行中の変速時に発生するトルク抜けを抑制することができる。
また、第2クラッチが直結状態であるか否かにかかわらず、変速時のトルク抜けを抑制することができ、ドライバーに違和感を与えない。
そのため、もともとエンジン始動用に搭載されていた電動機を用いることができるので、コストアップさせることがない。
そのため、電気動力源の制動力が大きく、第2クラッチのトルク調節だけではカバーすることのできないトルク抜けを抑制することができる。
そのため、クランキングトルク以上のトルクが必要な場合であっても、トルク抜けを抑制することができる。
そのため、電気動力源の消費電力なしにトルク抜けを抑制することができ、コストの低減を図ることができる。
上記実施の形態1では、変速中にエンジンが停止し、駆動モータ111の回生走行中に変速する際に発生するトルク抜けを、第2クラッチ122および内燃機関モータ112のトルクを調整することで抑制する処理について説明した。
ΔT2=(ΔTm×Gm)÷G2
T2(n)=ΔT2+T2(n-1)
ステップS408において、駆動モータ111のトルクが0になった(すなわち、Yes)と判定された場合には、シンクロ機構131e、133eにより変速前のギヤ段との噛み合わせをはずし、変速後のギヤ段との噛み合わせを実行し(ステップS409)、図8の処理が終了する。
ΔTm=(ΔT2×G2)÷Gm
Tm(n)=ΔTm+Tm(n-1)
ステップS414において、第2クラッチ122の伝達トルクが0になっていない(すなわち、No)と判定された場合には、そのまま図8の処理を終了する。
そのため、機械動力源の共振回転数付近の滞在時間を短縮することにより、ドライバーに違和感を与える時間を短縮ことができる。
Claims (8)
- 機械動力源と、
前記機械動力源を始動する際に用いられる電動機と、
前記機械動力源と複数の変速段で構成された第1変速機構との間に設けられ、前記機械動力源の動力を前記第1変速機構に伝達させるか、または伝達を遮断させる第1クラッチと、
前記機械動力源と複数の変速段で構成された第2変速機構との間に設けられ、前記機械動力源の動力を前記第2変速機構に伝達させるか、または伝達を遮断させる第2クラッチと、
前記第1変速機構の入力軸に連結され、回生駆動が可能な電気動力源と、
前記電気動力源の回生走行中において、前記第1変速機構の変速段を切り替える変速要求がされた場合に、前記電気動力源で変速時に減少した制動力を補うように、前記第2クラッチおよび前記電動機の少なくとも一方のトルクを制御する制御部と、
を備えたハイブリッド車両の制御装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記第2クラッチが直結状態である場合には、前記電動機のみを用いて、前記電気動力源で変速時に減少した制動力を補うように、前記電動機のトルクを制御する
請求項1に記載のハイブリッド車両の制御装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記電動機の発電トルクを制御する
請求項2に記載のハイブリッド車両の制御装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記第2クラッチが直結状態でない場合には、前記第2クラッチおよび前記電動機を用いて、前記電気動力源で変速時に減少した制動力を補うように、前記第2クラッチおよび前記電動機のトルクを制御する
請求項1に記載のハイブリッド車両の制御装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記電動機の回転数が0になるように、前記電動機のトルクを制御する
請求項4に記載のハイブリッド車両の制御装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記電動機の通電相を短絡する
請求項5に記載のハイブリッド車両の制御装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記機械動力源の回転数があらかじめ定められた範囲内にある場合に、前記電動機により、前記機械動力源の回転を加速または減速する
請求項1から請求項6までの何れか1項に記載のハイブリッド車両の制御装置。 - 機械動力源と、
前記機械動力源を始動する際に用いられる電動機と、
前記機械動力源と複数の変速段で構成された第1変速機構との間に設けられ、前記機械動力源の動力を前記第1変速機構に伝達させるか、または伝達を遮断させる第1クラッチと、
前記機械動力源と複数の変速段で構成された第2変速機構との間に設けられ、前記機械動力源の動力を前記第2変速機構に伝達させるか、または伝達を遮断させる第2クラッチと、
前記第1変速機構の入力軸に連結され、回生駆動が可能な電気動力源と、を備えたハイブリッド車両の制御装置によって実行されるハイブリッド車両の制御方法であって、
前記電気動力源の回生走行中において、前記第1変速機構の変速段を切り替える変速要求がされたか否かを判定する判定ステップと、
前記変速要求がされた場合に、前記電気動力源で変速時に減少した制動力を補うように、前記第2クラッチおよび前記電動機の少なくとも一方のトルクを制御する制御ステップと、
を有するハイブリッド車両の制御方法。
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JP2015513395A JP5933826B2 (ja) | 2013-04-23 | 2013-04-23 | ハイブリッド車両の制御装置および制御方法 |
DE112013006972.5T DE112013006972T5 (de) | 2013-04-23 | 2013-04-23 | Steuervorrichtung und Steuerverfahren für ein Hybridfahrzeug |
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- 2013-04-23 CN CN201380075947.2A patent/CN105143002B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-04-23 DE DE112013006972.5T patent/DE112013006972T5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-04-23 JP JP2015513395A patent/JP5933826B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN105143002B (zh) | 2017-11-28 |
CN105143002A (zh) | 2015-12-09 |
DE112013006972T5 (de) | 2015-12-31 |
US20150360676A1 (en) | 2015-12-17 |
US9845089B2 (en) | 2017-12-19 |
JPWO2014174588A1 (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
JP5933826B2 (ja) | 2016-06-15 |
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