WO2014171437A1 - 抗体タンパク質の精製方法 - Google Patents
抗体タンパク質の精製方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014171437A1 WO2014171437A1 PCT/JP2014/060677 JP2014060677W WO2014171437A1 WO 2014171437 A1 WO2014171437 A1 WO 2014171437A1 JP 2014060677 W JP2014060677 W JP 2014060677W WO 2014171437 A1 WO2014171437 A1 WO 2014171437A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K1/00—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length
- C07K1/14—Extraction; Separation; Purification
- C07K1/16—Extraction; Separation; Purification by chromatography
- C07K1/22—Affinity chromatography or related techniques based upon selective absorption processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
- B01D15/26—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism
- B01D15/36—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism involving ionic interaction
- B01D15/361—Ion-exchange
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
- B01D15/26—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism
- B01D15/36—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism involving ionic interaction
- B01D15/361—Ion-exchange
- B01D15/362—Cation-exchange
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
- B01D15/26—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism
- B01D15/38—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism involving specific interaction not covered by one or more of groups B01D15/265 - B01D15/36
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- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
- B01D15/26—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism
- B01D15/38—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism involving specific interaction not covered by one or more of groups B01D15/265 - B01D15/36
- B01D15/3804—Affinity chromatography
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- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
- B01D15/26—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism
- B01D15/38—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism involving specific interaction not covered by one or more of groups B01D15/265 - B01D15/36
- B01D15/3804—Affinity chromatography
- B01D15/3809—Affinity chromatography of the antigen-antibody type, e.g. protein A, G, L chromatography
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
- B01D15/26—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism
- B01D15/38—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism involving specific interaction not covered by one or more of groups B01D15/265 - B01D15/36
- B01D15/3861—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism involving specific interaction not covered by one or more of groups B01D15/265 - B01D15/36 using an external stimulus
- B01D15/3876—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism involving specific interaction not covered by one or more of groups B01D15/265 - B01D15/36 using an external stimulus modifying the temperature
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- B01J20/264—Synthetic macromolecular compounds derived from different types of monomers, e.g. linear or branched copolymers, block copolymers, graft copolymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- B01J20/265—Synthetic macromolecular compounds modified or post-treated polymers
- B01J20/267—Cross-linked polymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J39/00—Cation exchange; Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
- B01J39/04—Processes using organic exchangers
- B01J39/05—Processes using organic exchangers in the strongly acidic form
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J39/00—Cation exchange; Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
- B01J39/08—Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
- B01J39/16—Organic material
- B01J39/17—Organic material containing also inorganic materials, e.g. inert material coated with an ion-exchange resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J39/00—Cation exchange; Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
- B01J39/08—Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
- B01J39/16—Organic material
- B01J39/18—Macromolecular compounds
- B01J39/20—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J39/00—Cation exchange; Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
- B01J39/26—Cation exchangers for chromatographic processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J49/00—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor
- B01J49/05—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor of fixed beds
- B01J49/06—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor of fixed beds containing cationic exchangers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K1/00—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length
- C07K1/14—Extraction; Separation; Purification
- C07K1/16—Extraction; Separation; Purification by chromatography
- C07K1/18—Ion-exchange chromatography
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/26—Conditioning of the fluid carrier; Flow patterns
- G01N30/28—Control of physical parameters of the fluid carrier
- G01N30/30—Control of physical parameters of the fluid carrier of temperature
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/50—Conditioning of the sorbent material or stationary liquid
- G01N30/52—Physical parameters
- G01N30/54—Temperature
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/96—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation using ion-exchange
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
- B01D15/26—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism
- B01D15/32—Bonded phase chromatography
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
- B01D15/26—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism
- B01D15/32—Bonded phase chromatography
- B01D15/325—Reversed phase
- B01D15/327—Reversed phase with hydrophobic interaction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
- B01D15/42—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the development mode, e.g. by displacement or by elution
- B01D15/424—Elution mode
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/88—Integrated analysis systems specially adapted therefor, not covered by a single one of the groups G01N30/04 - G01N30/86
- G01N2030/8809—Integrated analysis systems specially adapted therefor, not covered by a single one of the groups G01N30/04 - G01N30/86 analysis specially adapted for the sample
- G01N2030/8813—Integrated analysis systems specially adapted therefor, not covered by a single one of the groups G01N30/04 - G01N30/86 analysis specially adapted for the sample biological materials
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a biomolecule purification technique, and relates to a method for purifying antibody proteins.
- Immunoglobulin is a physiologically active substance that controls the immune reaction.
- the antibody protein is obtained from the blood of an immunized animal or a cell culture medium of cells possessing antibody-producing ability or an ascites culture medium of an animal.
- blood and culture fluid containing antibody protein includes impurities other than antibody protein or impurity components such as complicated contaminant components derived from raw material fluid used for cell culture. Therefore, in order to separate and purify antibody proteins from impurity components, a complicated and time-consuming operation is usually necessary.
- Liquid chromatography is important for the separation and purification of antibody proteins.
- Chromatographic techniques for separating antibody proteins include gel filtration chromatography, affinity chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, reverse phase chromatography, and the like, and antibody proteins are separated and purified by combining these techniques.
- Ion exchange chromatography is a method of performing separation by reversibly adsorbing counter ions present in a mobile phase using an ion exchange group on the surface of a substrate as a stationary phase.
- a solid adsorbent having a cation exchange group has a property of mainly adsorbing antibody proteins and allowing most of other impurities to pass through, and is therefore used for concentration separation of antibody proteins.
- Cation exchange groups are roughly classified into weak cation exchange groups such as carboxyl groups and strong cation exchange groups such as sulfonic acid groups.
- the adsorbent having a weak cation exchange group has a drawback that the charge of the adsorbent surface changes when the pH of the mobile phase changes, and the binding capacity of the antibody protein varies. Therefore, when an adsorbent having a weak cation exchange group is used for separation and purification of antibody protein, the reproducibility of separation is poor, and the recovery rate of antibody protein may be lowered.
- the adsorbent having a strong cation exchange group does not change the binding capacity of the antibody protein because the charge on the adsorbent surface does not change even when the pH of the mobile phase varies.
- an adsorbent having a strong cation exchange group is required. It is used.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a packing containing a charged copolymer that can change the effective charge density on the surface of the stationary phase according to temperature change, a production method, and a temperature-responsive chromatography method using the same.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a stationary phase of temperature-responsive chromatography in which a polymer whose hydration power changes within a temperature range of 0 to 80 ° C. is immobilized at high density on the surface of the substrate by an atom transfer radical polymerization method.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a temperature response characterized by causing a growth reaction of a polymer having a charge and changing hydration power within a temperature range of 0 to 80 ° C.
- Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a temperature-responsive chromatography carrier having a carboxyl group prepared by an atom transfer radical polymerization method and a method for producing the same. Among them, a monomer composition optimized for the separation of lysozyme in the monomer composition used in the atom transfer radical polymerization method is disclosed.
- an object of this invention is to provide the purification method of the bioactive substance which can refine
- the present inventors have studied and developed from various angles. As a result, the present inventors have obtained a mixed solution containing impurities and a physiologically active substance at a specific temperature, a base material, and at least N-isopropylacrylamide immobilized on the base material surface as a monomer unit.
- the impurities are selectively adsorbed on the chromatographic carrier by contacting with an ion exchange chromatographic carrier or a temperature-responsive ion exchange chromatographic carrier comprising a high-purity target physiologically active substance. And found that it can be purified.
- An aspect of the present invention based on the findings of the present inventors is a purification method for purifying a physiologically active substance from a mixed solution containing impurities and a physiologically active substance, the substrate being fixed to the substrate surface, And a copolymer containing at least N-isopropylacrylamide as a monomer unit, and a physiologically active substance is recovered by allowing the mixed solution to flow through a container containing the carrier at a constant temperature.
- This is a method for purifying a physiologically active substance.
- Another aspect of the present invention is a purification method for purifying a physiologically active substance from a mixed solution containing impurities and a physiologically active substance, using at least one temperature-responsive ion exchange chromatography carrier, This is a method for purifying a physiologically active substance by collecting the physiologically active substance by allowing it to flow through a container containing a carrier at a constant temperature.
- Another aspect of the present invention is a method for removing impurities from a mixed solution containing impurities and a physiologically active substance, wherein the substrate and at least N-isopropylacrylamide immobilized on the substrate surface are used as monomer units. And an ion exchange chromatography carrier comprising a copolymer, and the mixed solution is flowed through a container containing the carrier at a constant temperature to remove impurities.
- Yet another embodiment of the present invention is a method for removing impurities from a mixed solution containing impurities and a physiologically active substance, using at least one temperature-responsive ion exchange chromatography carrier, and mixing the mixed solution with the carrier.
- impurities are removed by allowing the container to be stored to flow through at a constant temperature.
- the present invention was completely unpredictable from the prior art, and is expected to develop into a novel antibody separation system that was never present in the prior art.
- the physiologically active substance can be efficiently purified.
- the physiologically active substance can be efficiently purified and impurities can be efficiently removed without being exposed to low pH conditions or high temperature conditions that cause inactivation of the physiologically active substance.
- FIG. 2 is a graph of absorbance when the fraction eluted from the protein A column according to Example 1 was subjected to size exclusion chromatography. It is an enlarged view of the graph of FIG. It is a graph of the light absorbency at the time of applying the elution fraction from the protein column which concerns on Example 3 to size exclusion chromatography.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the graph of FIG. 3. It is a table
- a method for purifying a physiologically active substance is a purification method for purifying a physiologically active substance from a mixed solution containing an impurity and a physiologically active substance, and includes a base material and at least N fixed on the base material surface.
- -Recovery of physiologically active substances by using an ion exchange chromatography carrier comprising isopropylacrylamide as a monomer unit and allowing the mixed solution to flow through a container containing the carrier at a specific temperature.
- the specific temperature is preferably a temperature at which impurities can be adsorbed on the carrier by 50% or more by mass fraction and the physiologically active substance can be recovered by 70% or more by mass fraction.
- the ion exchange chromatography carrier is also expressed as a solid adsorbent for ion exchange chromatography or a stationary phase for ion exchange chromatography.
- a temperature-responsive cationic ion exchange carrier that can change the effective charge density of the stationary phase surface with temperature changes is used as an ion exchange chromatography carrier.
- the physiologically active substance is, for example, a monomer component of an antibody protein.
- Impurities are, for example, aggregate components of antibody protein dimers or more.
- the temperature at which impurities are adsorbed by 50% or more by mass fraction on the carrier means that the total mass of impurities contained in the mixed solution before being added to the container for storing the ion exchange chromatography carrier is adsorbed on the carrier.
- the temperature is such that the mass ratio of impurities is 50% or more.
- the ratio of the mass of impurities to the mass of the collected solution is, for example, 2% or less, preferably 1% or less.
- the temperature at which the physiologically active substance can be recovered by 70% or more in mass fraction is the carrier relative to the total mass of the physiologically active substance contained in the mixed solution before being added to the container for storing the ion exchange chromatography carrier.
- the temperature is such that the ratio of the mass of the physiologically active substance contained in the solution that has passed through the container (hereinafter also referred to as “recovery rate”) is 70% or more.
- recovery rate the ratio of the mass of the physiologically active substance contained in the solution that has passed through the container.
- the higher the temperature the lower the recovery rate of physiologically active substances such as monomer components of antibody proteins.
- the temperature region in which the monomer of the antibody protein tends to be difficult to adsorb on the cationic ion exchange carrier and the impurity tends to be adsorbed is, for example, 5 ° C. or more and 60 ° C. or less, preferably 10 ° C. or more and 50 ° C. or less, More preferably, it is 15 degreeC or more and 40 degrees C or less, More preferably, it is 20 degreeC or more and 35 degrees C or less, Most preferably, it is 25 degreeC.
- the temperature can be adjusted according to the purpose. Recovered material is obtained.
- the degree of adsorption of impurities may differ from the target physiologically active substance for purification. Even in such a case, the target can be adjusted by adjusting the temperature without changing the buffer. The physiologically active substance is obtained as a recovered product.
- a chromatography carrier that can be used under room temperature conditions of 20 ° C. or more and 35 ° C. or less is desired. The reason is that it has been found that exposure to high temperature conditions can denature the bioactive substance and impair its activity. In addition, when it is industrialized, it is difficult to control the temperature accurately and uniformly, and therefore there is a high demand for a chromatography carrier that can be used at a constant room temperature.
- An antibody protein which is an example of a physiologically active substance, is a glycoprotein molecule (also referred to as gamma globulin or immunoglobulin) produced by B lymphocytes as a vertebrate infection prevention mechanism as generally defined in biochemistry.
- a glycoprotein molecule also referred to as gamma globulin or immunoglobulin
- an antibody protein purified by the method according to the embodiment is used as a human pharmaceutical and has substantially the same structure as an antibody protein in a human body to be administered.
- the antibody protein may be a human antibody protein, or may be an antibody protein derived from mammals such as non-human bovines and mice.
- the antibody protein may be a chimeric antibody protein with human IgG and a humanized antibody protein.
- a chimeric antibody protein with human IgG is an antibody protein in which the variable region is derived from a non-human organism such as a mouse, but the other constant region is substituted with a human-derived immunoglobulin.
- the humanized antibody protein is a variable region of which complementarity-determining region (CDR) is derived from a non-human organism, but the other framework region (framework region: FR) is derived from a human. It is an antibody protein. Humanized antibody proteins are further reduced in immunogenicity than chimeric antibody proteins.
- the class (isotype) and subclass of the antibody protein that is an example of the purification target of the method according to the embodiment is not particularly limited.
- antibody proteins are classified into five classes, IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, and IgE, depending on the structure of the constant region.
- the antibody protein to be purified by the method according to the embodiment may be any of the five classes.
- IgG has four subclasses, IgG1 to IgG4, and IgA has two subclasses, IgA1 and IgA2.
- any subclass of the antibody protein to be purified by the method according to the embodiment may be used.
- antibody-related proteins such as Fc fusion proteins in which a protein is bound to the Fc region can also be included in the antibody protein to be purified by the method according to the embodiment.
- antibody proteins can also be classified by origin.
- the antibody protein to be purified by the method according to the embodiment is any of a natural human antibody protein, a recombinant human antibody protein produced by gene recombination technology, a monoclonal antibody protein, and a polyclonal antibody protein. Also good.
- human IgG is preferable as the antibody protein to be purified by the method according to the embodiment from the viewpoint of demand and importance as an antibody drug, but is not limited thereto.
- An ion-exchange chromatography carrier comprising a base material and a copolymer containing at least N-isopropylacrylamide as a monomer unit, which is used in the purification method according to the embodiment, is fixed on the surface of the base material. It preferably contains an exchange group.
- the cationic ion exchange carrier according to the embodiment comprises a monomer composition containing a monomer having a cationic ion exchange group and / or a precursor monomer for introducing a cationic ion exchange group, and an N-isopropylacrylamide monomer. It is formed by polymerizing on the substrate surface by a polymerization method such as a surface living radical polymerization method or a radiation graft polymerization method.
- a polymerization method such as a surface living radical polymerization method or a radiation graft polymerization method.
- N-isopropylacrylamide can be identified by pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC / MS).
- GC / MS pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry
- isopropylamine sites, isopropyl isocyanate, and N-isopropylacrylamide monomer sites can be measured.
- the analysis conditions can be changed by changing the column length or the column itself.
- the solid adsorbent for ion exchange chromatography including the temperature-responsive cationic ion exchange carrier according to the embodiment includes, for example, a base material and a temperature-responsive copolymer fixed on the base material surface.
- the copolymer has at least a cationic ion exchange group.
- the temperature responsive cationic ion exchange carrier according to the embodiment includes a monomer having a cationic ion exchange group and / or a precursor monomer having a cationic ion exchange group introduced therein, and a monomer having temperature responsiveness after polymerization.
- the monomer composition is formed by polymerizing on the surface of the substrate by a polymerization method such as a surface living radical polymerization method or a radiation graft polymerization method.
- a monomer having temperature responsiveness after polymerization means a polymer whose hydration power changes within a temperature range of 0 to 80 ° C. after polymerization, and has a lower critical solution temperature (0 to 80 ° C.).
- LCST and polymers that have an upper critical solution temperature (UCST). Any of those homopolymers, copolymers, or mixtures may be used.
- the shape of the substrate used in the embodiment is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, a bead shape or a film shape.
- the pressure rise tends to be suppressed, and the processing speed tends to be improved.
- membrane form since all the process liquids are forced to pass the pore of a support
- the particle size of the bead-shaped substrate is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 1 to 300 ⁇ m, preferably 10 to 200 ⁇ m, and more preferably 20 to 150 ⁇ m.
- the particle size is 1 ⁇ m or less, since consolidation of beads tends to occur in the column packed with the carrier, it tends to be difficult to pass the solution through the column at high speed. Further, when the particle size is 300 ⁇ m or more, the gap between the beads becomes large, and the solution protein tends to leak when the antibody protein is adsorbed on the carrier.
- the material for the bead-shaped substrate is not particularly limited, and glass, silica, polystyrene resin, methacrylic resin, crosslinked agarose, crosslinked dextran, crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol, crosslinked cellulose, and the like can be used.
- the shape of the substrate is a film shape
- a flat plate shape and a hollow fiber shape are exemplified, but a hollow fiber shape is preferable from the viewpoint of operability.
- the material of the film-like base material is not particularly limited, but is preferably composed of a polyolefin polymer in order to maintain mechanical properties.
- polyolefin polymers include olefin homopolymers such as ethylene, propylene, butylene, and vinylidene fluoride, two or more types of copolymers of these olefins, or one or more types of olefins, and perhalogenated compounds. Examples thereof include copolymers with olefins.
- the perhalogenated olefin include tetrafluoroethylene and / or chlorotrifluoroethylene.
- polyethylene or polyvinylidene fluoride is preferable, and polyethylene is more preferable in that it has excellent mechanical strength and a high adsorption capacity for contaminants such as proteins.
- the base material used in the embodiment has, for example, a plurality of pores.
- the pore diameter is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 5 to 1000 nm, preferably 10 to 700 nm, and more preferably 20 to 500 nm. If the pore diameter is 5 nm or less, the molecular weight of the separable antibody protein tends to be low. Further, when the pore diameter is 1000 nm or more, the surface area of the substrate is decreased, and the binding capacity of the antibody protein tends to be decreased.
- a polymer having a cation exchange group is fixed to the base material.
- an atom transfer radical polymerization initiator is fixed on the surface of the substrate, and a temperature responsive polymer is grown from the initiator in the presence of a catalyst.
- a “radiation graft polymerization method” or the like in which a radical is generated by irradiation and a polymer is grown and reacted from the generated radical as a starting point, but is not particularly limited.
- an “atom transfer radical polymerization method” which is a surface living radical polymerization method.
- the “atom transfer radical polymerization method” is preferably used because the polymer can be fixed at a high density on the surface of the substrate.
- the initiator used at that time is not particularly limited, but when the substrate has a hydroxyl group, for example, 1 -Trichlorosilyl-2- (m, p-chloromethylphenyl) ethane, 2- (4-chlorosulfonylphenyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, (3- (2-bromoisobutyryl) propyl) dimethylethoxysilane, and 2 -Bromoisobutyric acid bromide and the like. Polymer chains are grown from this initiator.
- the catalyst at that time is not particularly limited, and examples of the copper halide (CuIX) include CuICl and CuIBr.
- the ligand complex for the copper halide is not particularly limited, but tris (2- (dimethylamino) ethyl) amine (Me 6 TREN), N, N, N ′′, N ′′ -pentamethyl.
- any means can be adopted to generate radicals on the substrate, but when the substrate is irradiated with ionizing radiation, the entire substrate is exposed. It is preferable because uniform radicals are generated.
- ionizing radiation ⁇ rays, electron beams, ⁇ rays, neutron rays and the like can be used. However, electron beams or ⁇ rays are preferable for implementation on an industrial scale.
- the ionizing radiation is obtained from radioactive isotopes such as cobalt 60, strontium 90, and cesium 137, or by an X-ray imaging apparatus, an electron beam accelerator, an ultraviolet irradiation apparatus, or the like.
- the irradiation dose of ionizing radiation is preferably 1 kGy or more and 1000 kGy or less, more preferably 2 kGy or more and 500 kGy or less, and further preferably 5 kGy or more and 200 kGy or less. If the irradiation dose is less than 1 kGy, radicals tend not to be generated uniformly. Further, when the irradiation dose exceeds 1000 kGy, the physical strength of the substrate tends to be lowered.
- the pre-irradiation method in which the radicals are then contacted with the reactive compound, and the film in contact with the reactive compound on the base material. It is roughly divided into a simultaneous irradiation method for generating radicals. In the embodiment, any method can be applied, but a pre-irradiation method with less oligomer formation is preferable.
- the solvent used in the polymerization is not particularly limited as long as the reactive compound can be uniformly dissolved.
- solvents include alcohols such as ethanol, isopropanol, and t-butyl alcohol, ethers such as diethyl ether and tetrahydrofuran, ketones such as acetone and 2-butanone, water, and mixtures thereof.
- the polymer fixed to the substrate surface has N-isopropylacrylamide.
- Poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) is known to have a lower critical temperature at 32 degrees.
- the solid adsorbent in which a polymer having N-isopropylacrylamide is introduced onto the substrate surface greatly changes the hydrophilic / hydrophobic surface properties at a critical temperature. Therefore, by grafting or coating a polymer having N-isopropylacrylamide on the surface of a chromatographic packing material to form a solid adsorbent, it becomes possible to change the force with which the solid adsorbent retains antibody protein depending on the temperature. . As a result, the retention behavior of the solid adsorbent can be controlled by temperature without changing the composition of the eluate.
- acrylamide, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, dimethylacrylamide, vinylpyrrolidone, etc. which are more hydrophilic monomers than isopropylacrylamide, and N-isopropylacrylamide as hydrophilic comonomers are used. It can be adjusted by copolymerization.
- the lower critical temperature is desired to be 32 ° C. or lower, it can be adjusted by copolymerizing styrene, alkyl methacrylate, alkyl acrylate, etc., which are hydrophobic monomers, with N-isopropylacrylamide as a hydrophobic comonomer. is there.
- the impurity removal performance tends to be lowered when the treatment temperature in the flow-through is low, and the antibody treatment amount representing the amount of antibody that can be purified tends to be lowered.
- the amount of antibody treatment increases, but at a high temperature, the antibody tends to aggregate. Therefore, when polymerizing a temperature-responsive polymer, it is desirable to copolymerize a hydrophobic monomer and lower the lower critical temperature.
- the ratio of the hydrophobic monomer to the total monomer is, for example, 2% or more, preferably 5% or more, more preferably 10% or more, and still more preferably 20% or more, from the viewpoint of lowering the processing temperature. is there.
- the polymer fixed on the substrate surface has a strong cation exchange group such as a sulfonic acid group as the cation exchange group.
- a method for providing a strong cation exchange group is not particularly limited, but the first method includes a method of copolymerization including a monomer having a strong cation exchange group when synthesizing a polymer chain fixed to the substrate surface.
- the monomer unit having a sulfonic acid group include (meth) acrylamide alkyl sulfonic acid, vinyl sulfonic acid, acrylamide t-butyl sulfonic acid, and styrene sulfonic acid, which are constituent units of a polymer having sulfonic acid.
- the monomer unit of the copolymer when at least a part of the monomer unit of the copolymer is derived from a vinyl monomer having a sulfonic acid group such as vinyl sulfonic acid, the sulfonic acid group is bonded to the main chain without a linker. Therefore, since the hydrophobic interaction between the linker and the antibody protein does not occur, the antibody protein tends to be hardly adsorbed on the substrate surface.
- at least a part of the monomer unit of the copolymer having a strong cation exchange group can also be represented by the following chemical formula (1), where each of R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 is H or Me. —CR 1 R 2 —CR 3 (—SO 3 H) — (1)
- the precursor is converted to sulfone.
- the method of converting into an acid group is mentioned.
- the “strong cation exchange group-introduced precursor” may include “a strong cation exchange group precursor”.
- the “precursor of a strong cation exchange group” is, for example, a strong cation exchange group with a protective group. Examples of the monomer having a sulfonic acid group precursor include phenyl vinyl sulfonate, but are not limited thereto.
- a monomer having a functional group capable of imparting a strong cation exchange group is used as a strong cation exchange group introduction precursor monomer.
- a method of converting a functional group capable of providing a strong cation exchange group into a sulfonic acid group after copolymerization is included.
- the monomer having a functional group that can impart a strong cation exchange group include styrene and glycidyl methacrylate.
- a sufficient polymerization rate is often not obtained, but a strong cation in which at least a part of glycidyl methacrylate or the like is a methacrylic acid derivative or an acrylic acid derivative A sufficient polymerization rate can be obtained by using the exchange group-introduced precursor monomer.
- the monomer unit of the copolymer having a strong cation exchange group is a methacrylic acid derivative or an acrylic acid derivative
- other parts of the base material or the copolymer impurities such as an aggregate, It may be possible to increase the hydrophobic interaction of and increase the amount of adsorption of impurities such as aggregates.
- At least a part of the monomer unit of the copolymer having a strong cation exchange group is a methacrylic acid derivative or an acrylic acid derivative
- at least a part of the monomer unit of the copolymer having a strong cation exchange group is: It has a group represented by chemical formula (2) or (3).
- the sulfonic acid group of the monomer unit represented by the chemical formula (2) is bonded to the main chain through a linker containing at least —CH (—OH) —CH 2 —.
- the sulfonic acid group of the monomer unit represented by the chemical formula (3) is bonded to the main chain via a linker containing at least —CH—. Since the steric hindrance is reduced by the linker, impurities such as aggregates may be able to quickly bind to the sulfonic acid group.
- a monomer composition in which the ratio of the monomer having a strong cation exchange group and / or the precursor monomer having a strong cation exchange group introduced to N-isopropylacrylamide is 0.01 to 500.00 mol% is added to the surface. Polymerize by graft polymerization. As a result, the copolymer contains 0.01 to 500.00 mol% of strong cation exchange groups in terms of monomers with respect to N-isopropylacrylamide.
- the ratio is preferably 0.1 to 400.0 mol%, more preferably 1 to 300.0 mol%, still more preferably 1.5 to 200.0 mol%, and most preferably 4 to 150 mol%.
- the ratio exceeds 500.00 mol%, the amount of antibody protein adsorbed tends to increase, and the antibody protein recovery rate tends to decrease.
- the ratio is less than 0.01 mol%, the amount of strong cation exchange group introduced is too small, and the amount of impurities such as aggregates adsorbed on the solid adsorbent tends to decrease.
- the mass ratio of N-isopropylacrylamide in the copolymer is desirably 1% to 99%, preferably 10% to 90%, more preferably 20% to 80%, and still more preferably 30%. ⁇ 70%.
- the proportion of N-isopropylacrylamide is small, the temperature responsiveness becomes too small, and the balance between the recovery rate and the purity of the recovered antibody tends not to be adjusted by adjusting the temperature.
- the proportion of N-isopropylacrylamide is large, the temperature responsiveness is strong, the temperature becomes too sensitive, and the operation tends to be difficult. If it is 20% to 80%, and further 30 to 70% or less, there is a tendency that aggregates can be removed efficiently at room temperature without requiring temperature control.
- the sulfonic acid group density of the cation exchanger is desirably 30 mmol / L or more.
- the copolymerization ratio (composition) of the monomer unit having a strong cation exchange group with respect to N-isopropylacrylamide can be quantified by analyzing the copolymer immobilized on the substrate surface. is there.
- Various analysis techniques such as elemental analysis and NMR can be used for the analysis of the copolymerization ratio. Analyzing the copolymerization ratio after isolating the copolymer from the substrate is preferable from the viewpoint of analysis accuracy because the influence of the substrate on the analysis can be eliminated.
- the copolymer used for analysis of the copolymerization ratio can be obtained by polymerizing the copolymer in the solution without using the substrate.
- the polymer fixed on the substrate surface is hydrated and dehydrated by changing the temperature, and the temperature range is, for example, 0 ° C. to 80 ° C. If the temperature exceeds 80 ° C., the mobile phase is water, and thus evaporation occurs and the workability tends to deteriorate. On the other hand, if it is lower than 0 ° C., the mobile phase tends to freeze.
- the solid adsorbent obtained by the embodiment is stored in a column of a normal liquid chromatography apparatus and used as a liquid chromatography system.
- the method of applying a temperature to the solid adsorbent is not particularly limited.
- the solid adsorbent is brought into contact with an aluminum block, water bath, and air layer having a predetermined temperature, or the solid adsorbent is attached to a jacket or the like. And so on.
- the monomer component of the target antibody protein is passed through the solid adsorbent in one temperature region to adsorb the aggregate component.
- FT flow-through
- the amount of antibody protein given to the solid adsorbent may or may not exceed the amount that the solid adsorbent can adsorb impurities. Since antibody protein aggregates have a higher charge amount than monomers, the binding to ion exchange resins tends to be stronger than monomers. Furthermore, since the aggregate is more hydrophobic than the monomer, the aggregate tends to interact with the hydrophobic portion of the solid adsorbent (hydrophobic interaction) and become strongly bonded to the solid adsorbent.
- the buffer solution is an aqueous solution containing inorganic salts, and specifically includes a phosphate buffer solution, a Tris buffer solution, an acetate buffer solution, and the like. It is not limited.
- the concentration of the inorganic salt is 1 to 50 mmol / L, preferably 3 to 40 mmol / L, and more preferably 5 to 30 mmol / L.
- the concentration of inorganic salts in the buffer solution is lower than 1 mmol / L, the activity of antibody protein as a solute tends to be impaired. Furthermore, when the concentration of inorganic salts in the buffer solution is lower than 1 mmol / L, the degree of dissociation of ion exchange groups on the surface of the temperature-responsive adsorbent increases, and the antibody protein is strongly adsorbed on the surface of the temperature-responsive adsorbent. , Antibody protein recovery tends to be low.
- the concentration of inorganic salts in the buffer solution is higher than 50 mmol / L, the dissociation degree of the ion exchange groups on the surface of the adsorbent tends to be low, so that it is difficult for the adsorbent surface to hold impurities such as aggregates. It is in. Therefore, it tends to be difficult to efficiently separate the antibody protein from the aggregate component.
- the concentration of the inorganic salt is expressed on a scale of electrical conductivity, it is preferably 0.5 to 20 mS / cm. More preferably, it is 0.5 mS / cm to 10 mS / cm, and still more preferably 0.5 mS / cm to 5 mS / cm.
- the hydrogen ion concentration of the buffer is, for example, pH 3.0 to 9.0, preferably pH 4.5 to 8.5, more preferably pH 5.0 to 8.0, and particularly preferably pH 5.0 to 7. .5.
- pH of the buffer solution is higher than 9.0, the electrostatic repulsion between the antibody proteins becomes small and tends to aggregate.
- the pH is lower than 3.0, the antibody protein is denatured and tends to cause a decrease in activity and quality such as formation of aggregates.
- the flow rate when the mixed solution is flow-through is, for example, not less than 0.1 times the volume / minute of the volume of the ion exchange chromatography carrier, not more than 30 times the volume / minute of the volume of the carrier, preferably ion exchange chromatography.
- the volume is not less than 1 volume / minute of the carrier volume and not more than 10 volume / minute of the carrier volume.
- the volume of the carrier is 0.1 times the volume / min or more and 3 times the volume / min or less, the volume of the 0.1 times / min or more and the volume that is 2 times the volume / min. Minutes or less, preferably 0.1 times volume / minute or more and 1 time volume / minute or less. This is because when the flow rate exceeds 3 times volume / min, the antibody solution passes between the beads, and the impurity removability tends to decrease.
- An antibody at a temperature at which impurities can be adsorbed to the carrier by 50% or more by mass fraction and the physiologically active substance can be collected by 70% or more by mass fraction on the cationic ion exchange carrier according to the embodiment described above.
- antibody protein monomers can be efficiently purified while suppressing the formation of antibody protein aggregates. . Therefore, according to the method for purifying an antibody protein according to the embodiment, it is possible to efficiently purify a very useful antibody protein that can be used for pharmaceuticals and the like.
- the present inventors have reduced the impurities and made it more effective by purifying the mixed solution containing the impurities and the physiologically active substance by affinity chromatography before purifying the physiologically active substance with the ion exchange chromatography carrier.
- purification using an ion chromatography carrier can be performed.
- the contact time between the antibody and the carrier can be shortened, and the purified antibody can be immediately brought to an appropriate temperature, so that denaturation of the antibody can be suppressed and the antibody can be purified efficiently.
- affinity chromatography a protein A carrier, an acid-eluting affinity chromatography carrier, or a temperature-responsive affinity chromatography carrier can be used.
- the temperature-responsive affinity chromatography carrier comprises temperature-responsive protein A, which is protein A mutated so that the binding property to the antibody changes depending on temperature
- the temperature-responsive protein A is: It can be prepared with reference to a patent document (WO2008 / 143199 pamphlet).
- the coupling reaction between the NHS activated carboxyl group and the temperature-responsive protein A is performed as follows, for example. First, citrate buffer (pH 3.0 to 6.2), acetate buffer (pH 3.6 to 5.6), phosphate buffered saline (PBS, pH 5.8 to 8.5), or carbonate buffer A 0.1-100 mg / mL temperature-responsive protein A solution is prepared using a buffer solution that does not contain an amino group component, such as a solution (pH 9.2 to 10.6). When this aqueous solution is brought into contact with the active ester surface, a functional group such as an amino group contained in the temperature-responsive protein A reacts with the active ester to form an amide bond.
- citrate buffer pH 3.0 to 6.2
- acetate buffer pH 3.6 to 5.6
- phosphate buffered saline PBS, pH 5.8 to 8.5
- carbonate buffer A 0.1-100 mg / mL temperature-responsive protein A solution is prepared using a buffer solution that does not contain an
- temperature-responsive protein A is immobilized on the surface by covalent bonds.
- the contact time may be set in the range of 2 minutes to 16 hours.
- the washing solution is preferably a buffer solution containing about 0.5 mol / L of salt (NaCl) and about 0.1% of nonionic surfactant. This is because the temperature-responsive protein A that is physically adsorbed without being covalently bonded can be removed.
- the unreacted carboxyl group or active ester is converted into a low molecular compound having an amino group and It is preferable to convert the carboxyl group or the active ester into a functional group having a lower reactivity by bonding. As a result, it is possible to prevent molecules such as impurities that are not subject to purification from being unintentionally immobilized on the surface of the carrier.
- the functional group at the end of the temperature-responsive protein A fixing carrier is an active ester, this operation is preferably performed.
- the operation of reacting a low molecular weight compound having an amino group with an active ester group may be particularly described as “blocking”.
- the surface of the carrier after reacting the carboxyl group or the active ester with the low molecular weight compound is hydrophilic. This is because a hydrophilic surface generally has an effect of suppressing nonspecific adsorption of a biological substance.
- Non-limiting examples of such low molecular weight compounds include ethanolamine, trishydroxymethylaminomethane, and diglycolamine (IUPAC name: 2- (2-aminoethoxy) ethanol).
- reaction temperature may be set in the range of 4 to 37 ° C. and the reaction time in the range of 2 minutes to 16 hours.
- the temperature-responsive protein A-immobilized carrier is stored at a low temperature of about 2-10 ° C. with a neutral solution in the pH range of 4-8 as a storage solution.
- a neutral solution in the pH range of 4-8 as a storage solution.
- 20% ethanol is preferable in consideration of antibacterial properties.
- Temperature-responsive protein A has a characteristic that it can bind an antibody at a low temperature and can elute the antibody at a temperature higher than the temperature at the time of binding. It is preferable that the temperature at which the characteristics of the temperature-responsive protein A change in advance is confirmed, and the antibody is adsorbed and desorbed by changing the temperature so as to sandwich the temperature.
- the temperature range in which the antibody is adsorbed to the temperature-responsive protein A is, for example, a low temperature range of 0 ° C. to 20 ° C., preferably 1 ° C. to 15 ° C., and most preferably 2 ° C. to 13 ° C.
- the temperature at which the antibody is desorbed from the temperature-responsive protein A is, for example, a high temperature region of 20 ° C. or higher and 60 ° C. or lower, preferably 25 ° C. or higher and 50 ° C. or lower, and most preferably 30 ° C. or higher and 45 ° C. or lower.
- Example 1 a bead-like cationic ion exchange carrier having a sulfonic acid group was synthesized by an atom transfer radical polymerization method.
- N-isopropylacrylamide (IPAAm, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) 18.40 g, GMA 0.231 g, butyl methacrylate (BMA, manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) 1.217 g, copper chloride I ( 0.085 g of CuCl, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and 0.012 g of copper chloride II (CuCl2, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) were dissolved in 42.8 mL of a 90% by volume isopropanol (IPA) aqueous solution. Nitrogen bubbling was performed for 30 minutes.
- IPA isopropanol
- the monomer solution and the copper catalyst are removed by immersing the reaction solution in a dialysis membrane (Spectra / po Dialyzation Membrane, MWCO1000, Spectrum Laboratories) and immersing in the order ethanol, 50 mmol / L-EDTA aqueous solution, and pure water. did.
- the reaction solution was placed in a dialysis membrane and immersed in pure water to remove sodium sulfite and IPA, and the reaction solution was freeze-dried to obtain a copolymer.
- the copolymerization ratio (composition) of the monomer unit having a strong cation exchange group with respect to N-isopropylacrylamide was calculated from the signal integrated value derived from the N-isopropylacrylamide unit and the signal integrated value derived from the sulfonic acid group.
- the copolymerization ratio (composition) of the monomer unit having a strong cation exchange group with respect to N-isopropylacrylamide was 0.72 mol%. Further, it was confirmed by lithium ion exchange that the synthesized resin had a sulfonic acid group density of 31 mmol / L.
- AE6F4-producing cells were provided by Associate Professor Yoshinori Katakura, graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University.
- the AE6F4 antibody-producing cells were cultured with reference to literature (Abstracts of the Japanese Society for Biotechnology, 1994, Volume 65, page 65).
- the culture solution containing AE6F4 antibody-producing cells was filtered using a filtration membrane (trade name BioOptimal (registered trademark) MF-SL, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Medical) to obtain a mixed solution (culture supernatant) containing impurities and antibodies. . Filtration was performed with reference to the instruction manual of the provider.
- phosphate buffer 20 mmol / L sodium phosphate + 150 mmol / L NaCl (pH 8.0)
- elution buffer 100 mmol / L sodium citrate ( 240 mL of pH 3.6)
- the absorbance of the mixed solution 1 was measured using a size exclusion chromatography (SEC) apparatus under the following conditions.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the peak in FIG.
- the monomer peak is (3) and the aggregate peaks recovered in a shorter time are (1) and (2), respectively, the aggregates appearing in the peak of (1)
- the content of the component is 0.67 mg, the content is 1.2%, the content of the aggregate component appearing at the peak of (2) is 0.95 mg, the content is 1.7%, (3)
- the content of the antibody protein monomer appearing at the peak of 54.44 mg was 97.1%.
- the total amount of antibody aggregates and monomers recovered was 56.06 mg (mixed solution 1).
- the elution fraction (mixed solution 1) from the protein A column subjected to virus inactivation treatment is added to a column packed with cationic ion exchange carrier fat, and the antibody protein aggregate component (mixed solution 1) is added to the cationic ion exchange carrier.
- a mixed solution containing an impurity) and a monomer component (target physiologically active substance) was brought into contact.
- the amount of the eluted fraction added was 12 mL (4.7 mg / ml), the flow rate was 0.4 mL / min, and the temperature was 20 ° C.
- the column packed with the temperature-responsive cationic ion exchange carrier was washed with an acetic acid buffer (15 mmol / L acetic acid buffer (pH 6.0)) at 20 ° C. flowing at a flow rate of 0.4 mL / min. 32 ml (1.6 mg / ml) solution was recovered in the flow-through process and the washing process.
- the collected solution was subjected to size exclusion chromatography (SEC: Size Exclusion Chromatography). Also in this case, the graph (not shown) indicating the absorbance indicates that not only the antibody protein monomer but also the antibody protein aggregate component (impurities) are included. However, as shown in FIG. 5, the content of impurities was slight.
- the mass ratio of the aggregate component and the monomer component contained in the mixed solution before the treatment with the cationic ion exchange carrier and the recovered solution after the treatment with the cationic ion exchange carrier is shown as the content rate.
- the total amount of antibody protein (including the aggregate component and monomer component) contained in the protein A elution fraction was 100%, it was recovered by flowing through a column packed with a cationic ion exchange carrier. The total amount of the antibody protein (including the aggregate component and the monomer component) was shown as the antibody recovery rate.
- the aggregate absorptivity is the total content of aggregate components appearing at the peaks of (1) and (2) after flowing through a column packed with a cationic ion exchange carrier, and packed with a cationic ion exchange carrier.
- the percentage divided by the total content of aggregate components appearing at the peaks (1) and (2) before flowing through the column is subtracted from 1 and expressed as a percentage.
- the monomer recovery rate is the monomer content after flowing through the column filled with the cationic ion exchange carrier, and the monomer content before flowing through the column packed with the cationic ion exchange carrier. The percentage divided by the quantity is shown.
- Example 2 The same as in Example 1 except that the fraction eluted from protein A that had been subjected to virus inactivation treatment (same composition as in Example 1) was brought into contact with a cationic ion exchange carrier packed in a column at 25 ° C. and washed. Operated. The results are shown in FIG.
- the content of the aggregate component 2 that appears at the peak of the mixed solution 2 (0.5) is 0.5%, and the content of the aggregate component that appears at the peak of (2) is 1.2%. 46% (5.5 mg / mL) of the antibody protein monomer content that appears in the peak of (3) is added, and the cation exchange resin packed in the column is contacted at 25 ° C. and washed. did. A 66 mL (3.6 mg / mL) solution was collected by flow-through and washing steps. The other operations were the same as in Example 2. The results are shown in FIG.
- Example 4 a hollow fiber cation exchange membrane having a sulfonic acid group was synthesized by a radiation graft polymerization method.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, antibody protein purification using a protein A column and virus inactivation treatment were performed, and a mixed solution 3 was obtained in which the eluted fraction was buffer-exchanged with 15 mol / L acetate buffer (pH 6.0). .
- the absorbance of the mixed solution 3 was measured using a size exclusion chromatography (SEC) apparatus under the following conditions.
- SEC size exclusion chromatography
- the monomer peak is (3) and the aggregate peaks recovered in a shorter time are (1) and (2)
- the aggregate components appearing in the peak of (1) The content of 1.41 mg, the content rate is 1.9%
- the content of the aggregate component appearing at the peak of (2) is 1.11 mg
- the content rate is 1.5%
- the content of the monomer of the antibody protein that appears at the peak was 71.65 g
- the content was 96.6%.
- the total amount of antibody aggregates and monomers recovered was 74.17 g.
- the elution fraction (mixed solution 3) from the protein A column subjected to virus inactivation treatment is added to the modularized cation exchange membrane, and the antibody protein aggregate components (impurities) and monomer are added to the cation exchange membrane.
- a mixed solution containing the component (target physiologically active substance) was brought into contact.
- the amount of the eluted fraction added was 15 mL (4.9 mg / ml), the flow rate was 6.0 mL / min, and the temperature was 35 ° C. Subsequently, the modularized cation exchange membrane was washed with 35 ° C.
- Example 5 in the aggregate removal step, the content ratio of the aggregate component appearing at the peak of the mixed solution 4 ((1) is 1.5%, and the content ratio of the aggregate component appearing at the peak of (2) is 0.
- the content of the antibody protein monomer appearing at the peak of (3) was 97.6%), and the same operation as in Example 4 was performed except that the treatment was performed at 30 ° C.
- the results are shown in FIG.
- the temperature is lowered by using the hollow fiber cation exchange membrane described in Example 4. As it goes on, the aggregate removal performance decreases. Therefore, it is not suitable for use at room temperature.
- Example 6 by radiation graft polymerization, N-isopropylacrylamide (5.380 g), glycidyl methacrylate (0.098 g), and butyl methacrylate (2.939 g) in a 50 volume% t-butyl alcohol (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) aqueous solution (500 mL).
- the content of the aggregate component appearing at the peak of (1) is 2.1% and the content of the aggregate component appearing at the peak of (2) is used.
- the ratio was 1.1%, and the same procedure as in Example 5 was performed except that the content of the antibody protein monomer appearing at the peak of (3) was 96.8%.
- the results are shown in FIG.
- Example 7 by radiation graft polymerization, 5.187 g of N-isopropylacrylamide, 0.292 g of glycidyl methacrylate, and 2.919 g of butyl methacrylate were added in an amount of 500 mL of 50 vol% t-butyl alcohol (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.).
- the content of the aggregate component appearing at the peak of (1) is 2.0%
- the content of the aggregate component appearing at the peak of (2) is used.
- the rate was 1.7%, and the same procedure as in Example 6 was performed except that the content of the antibody protein monomer appearing at the peak of (3) was 96.3%.
- the results are shown in FIG.
- Example 8 3.6 g of N-isopropylacrylamide, 0.6 g of glycidyl methacrylate, and 1.8 g of butyl methacrylate were added to 280 mL of a 50 vol% t-butyl alcohol (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) aqueous solution by radiation graft polymerization. Using 140 mL of the dissolved solution, it was reacted with 3.000 g (15 cm, 15 pieces) of polyethylene porous hollow fiber. Thereafter, a cation exchange membrane was synthesized by sulfonation and modularized with a membrane volume of 0.25 mL.
- a 50 vol% t-butyl alcohol Wang Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- the content rate of the aggregate component appearing at the peak of the mixed solution 7 ((1) is 4.0%, and the content rate of the aggregate component appearing at the peak of (2) is 2.8%.
- 20 mL (5.1 mg / mL) of the antibody protein monomer content that appears at the peak of (3) was 93.2%.
- the flow rate was 1.5 mL / min and the temperature was 25 ° C.
- the modularized cation exchange membrane was washed with an acetic acid buffer (15 mmol / L acetic acid buffer (pH 6.0)) at 25 ° C. flowing at a flow rate of 1.5 mL / min.
- a 27.5 ml (3.1 mg / ml) solution was recovered in the flow-through process and the washing process.
- the other operations were the same as in Example 6. The results are shown in FIG.
- Example 9 in the aggregate removal step, the content rate of the aggregate component appearing at the peak of the mixed solution 8 ((1) buffer-exchanged to 15 mmol / L Tris buffer (pH 7.0) is 2.3%.
- the content of the aggregate component appearing at the peak of (2) is 2.4%, and the content of the antibody protein monomer appearing at the peak of (3) is 95.4%. / ML).
- the flow rate was 1.5 mL / min and the temperature was 25 ° C.
- the modularized cation exchange membrane was washed with a 25 ° C.
- Tris buffer (15 mmol / L Tris buffer (pH 7.0)) flowing at a flow rate of 1.5 mL / min.
- a 27.5 ml (2.9 mg / ml) solution was recovered in the flow-through and washing steps. The other operations were the same as in Example 8. The results are shown in FIG.
- Example 10 in the aggregate removal step, the content rate of the aggregate component appearing at the peak of the mixed solution 9 ((1) buffer-exchanged to 15 mmol / L Tris buffer (pH 8.0) is 1.6%.
- the content of the aggregate component appearing at the peak of (2) is 2.3%, and the content of the antibody protein monomer appearing at the peak of (3) is 96.1%) (20 mg, 4.8 mg). / ML).
- the flow rate was 1.5 mL / min and the temperature was 25 ° C.
- the modularized cation exchange membrane was washed with a 25 ° C.
- Tris buffer (15 mmol / L Tris buffer (pH 8.0)) flowing at a flow rate of 1.5 mL / min.
- a 27.5 ml (2.9 mg / ml) solution was recovered in the flow-through and washing steps. The other operations were the same as in Example 8. The results are shown in FIG.
- Example 11 3.6 g of N-isopropylacrylamide, 1.2 g of glycidyl methacrylate, and 1.2 g of butyl methacrylate were added to 280 mL of a 50 vol% t-butyl alcohol (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) aqueous solution by radiation graft polymerization. Using 140 mL of the dissolved solution, it was reacted with 3.000 g (15 cm, 15 pieces) of polyethylene porous hollow fiber. Thereafter, a cation exchange membrane was synthesized by sulfonation and modularized with a membrane volume of 0.25 mL.
- a 50 vol% t-butyl alcohol manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- the synthesized membrane had a sulfonic acid group density of 35 mmol / L.
- the content of the aggregate component 10 (1.8) at the peak of (1) is 1.8%
- the content of the aggregate component at (2) is 2.8%.
- the content of the antibody protein monomer appearing at the peak of (3) was 95.4%.
- the flow rate was 0.3 mL / min and the temperature was 25 ° C.
- the modularized cation exchange membrane was washed with an acetic acid buffer (15 mmol / L acetic acid buffer (pH 6.0)) at 25 ° C. flowing at a flow rate of 0.3 mL / min.
- a 32.5 ml (3.2 mg / ml) solution was recovered in the flow-through and washing steps. The other operations were the same as in Example 8. The results are shown in FIG.
- Example 11 3.6 g of N-isopropylacrylamide, 1.3 g of glycidyl methacrylate, and 1.1 g of butyl methacrylate were added to 280 mL of a 50 vol% t-butyl alcohol (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) aqueous solution by radiation graft polymerization. Using 140 mL of the dissolved solution, it was reacted with 3.000 g (15 cm, 15 pieces) of polyethylene porous hollow fiber. Thereafter, a cation exchange membrane was synthesized by sulfonation and modularized with a membrane volume of 0.25 mL.
- a 50 vol% t-butyl alcohol Wang Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- the synthesized membrane had a sulfonic acid group density of 41 mmol / L.
- the content ratio of the aggregate component 11 appearing at the peak of the mixed solution 11 (1.5) is 1.5%
- the content ratio of the aggregate component appearing at the peak of (2) is 2.3%.
- 25 mL (5.0 mg / mL) of the antibody protein monomer content that appears at the peak of (3) was 96.2%.
- the flow rate was 0.3 mL / min and the temperature was 25 ° C.
- the modularized cation exchange membrane was washed with an acetic acid buffer (15 mmol / L acetic acid buffer (pH 6.0)) at 25 ° C. flowing at a flow rate of 0.3 mL / min.
- a 32.5 ml (3.1 mg / ml) solution was recovered in the flow-through process and the washing process.
- the other operations were the same as in Example 8. The results are shown in FIG.
- the content of the aggregate component appearing at the peak of (1) and the content of the aggregate component appearing at the peak of (2) are determined by the ion exchange chromatography carrier. It was possible to make it less than 50%. From this, it was shown that impurities can be adsorbed by 50% or more by mass ratio at 20 ° C., 25 ° C., 30 ° C., and 35 ° C. It was also shown that 70% or more of the antibody monomer can be recovered. Furthermore, it was shown that the ratio (content rate) of impurities (total content of aggregate component 1 and aggregate component 2) to the mass of the recovered solution was 2% or less.
- the antibody protein monomer can be purified on an industrial scale by temperature change.
Abstract
Description
-CR1R2-CR3(-SO3H)- ・・・(1)
-CH(-OH)-CH2-SO3H ・・・(2)
-CH(-SO3H)-CH2-OH ・・・(3)
上記化学式(2)のモノマー単位のスルホン酸基は、少なくとも-CH(-OH)-CH2-を含むリンカーを介して、主鎖に結合している。また、上記化学式(3)のモノマー単位のスルホン酸基は、少なくとも-CH-を含むリンカーを介して、主鎖に結合している。リンカーにより立体障害が減るため、凝集体等の不純物が、スルホン酸基にすばやく結合することが可能になりうる。
実施例1では、原子移動ラジカル重合法によって、スルホン酸基を有するビーズ状のカチオン性イオン交換担体を合成した。
架橋ポリビニルアルコールビーズ1g(粒径100μm)を純水で湿潤させ、300mLのガラス製三角フラスコに入れた。三角フラスコに、テトラヒドラフラン(安定剤不含、関東化学(株)社製)200mL、2-ブロモイソ酪酸ブロミド(東京化成工業(株)製)1.23mL、及びトリエチルアミン(和光純薬工業(株)社製)1.40mLを加え、室温で16時間震とうさせた。反応後、ろ過してから200mLエタノールで3回洗浄し、脱水イソプロパノール中で保存した。これにより、架橋ポリビニルアルコールビーズ表面に原子移動ラジカル重合(ATRP)開始剤である2-ブロモイソ酪酸ブロミドが導入された。
スルホン酸基の前駆体モノマーであるグリシジルメタクリレート(GMA、東京化成工業(株)製)を、N-イソプロピルアクリルアミドに対して1mol%の割合で含有するモノマー組成物を調整した。具体的には、N-イソプロピルアクリルアミド(IPAAm、和光純薬工業(株)製)18.40g、GMA0.231g、ブチルメタクリレート(BMA、東京化成工業(株)製)1.217g、塩化銅I(CuCl、和光純薬工業(株)製) 0.085g、及び塩化銅II(CuCl2、和光純薬工業(株)製)0.012gを90容量%イソプロパノール(IPA)水溶液42.8mLに溶解させ、30分間、窒素バブリングした。その後、窒素雰囲気下で溶液にトリス(2-ジメチルアミノエチル)アミン(Me6TREN)(Alfa Aesar社製)0.221gを加えて、5分間攪拌しCuCl/CuCl2/Me6TRENの触媒を形成させた。この反応溶液を窒素雰囲気下で開始剤導入架橋ポリビニルアルコールビーズに反応させ、室温で16時間のATRPをおこなった。反応後、エタノール、50mmol/L―EDTA水溶液、純水の順に洗浄し、モノマー、ポリマー、及び銅触媒を洗浄した。
原子移動ラジカル重合法によりグラフト鎖を導入したビーズを、亜硫酸ナトリウムと、IPAと、の混合水溶液(亜硫酸ナトリウム/IPA/純水=10/15/75wt%)200gに投入し、80℃で24時間反応を行い、グラフト鎖中のエポキシ基をスルホン酸基に変換した。反応後、このビーズを純水で洗浄した。その後、このビーズを0.5mol/L硫酸中に投入し、80℃で2時間反応を行うことで、グラフト鎖中に残存していたエポキシ基をジオール基に変換した。反応後、このビーズを純水で洗浄し、実施例1に係るカチオン性イオン交換担体とした。カチオン性イオン交換担体を、カラムに充填した。
スルホン酸基の前駆体モノマーであるグリシジルメタクリレート(GMA、東京化成工業(株)製)を、N-イソプロピルアクリルアミドに対して1mol%の割合で含有するモノマー組成物を用い、基材を用いずに共重合体を重合した。具体的には、上記2)記載の反応溶液を窒素雰囲気下で2-ブロモイソ酪酸エチルに反応させ、室温で16時間のATRPをおこなった。反応後、反応溶液を透析膜(Spectra/por Dialysis Membrane,MWCO1000,Spectrum Laboratories社製)に入れ、エタノール、50mmol/L―EDTA水溶液、純水の順に浸漬することにより、モノマー、及び銅触媒を除去した。次に反応溶液を凍結乾燥することで得られた共重合体を、亜硫酸ナトリウムと、IPAと、の混合水溶液(亜硫酸ナトリウム/IPA/純水=10/15/75wt%)200gに投入し、80℃で24時間反応を行い、グラフト鎖中のエポキシ基をスルホン酸基に変換した。反応後、反応溶液を透析膜に入れ、純水に浸漬することにより、亜硫酸ナトリウムとIPAを除去し、さらに反応溶液を凍結乾燥することで共重合体を得た。
抗体タンパク質として、AE6F4抗体(ヒトモノクロナール抗体)を0.115mg/L含む培養上澄みを用意した。AE6F4産生細胞は、九州大学大学院農学研究院、片倉喜範准教授よりご提供頂いた。AE6F4抗体産生細胞の培養は、文献(日本生物工学会講演要旨集、1994年、65巻、65ページ)を参考に培養した。AE6F4抗体産生細胞を含む培養液を、ろ過膜(旭化成メディカル社製、商品名 BioOptimal(登録商標) MF-SL)を用いてろ過し、不純物と抗体を含む混合溶液(培養上澄)を取得した。ろ過は、提供者の取扱い説明書を参考に実施した。
リン酸緩衝液(20mmol/Lリン酸ナトリウム+150mmol/L NaCl(pH8.0))150mLで平衡化したプロテインAカラム(GEヘルスケアバイオサイエンス製、MabSelect Sureを充填したもの)に、ろ過した混合溶液を2L添加し、プロテインAに抗体タンパク質を吸着させた。次に、カラムにリン酸緩衝液(20mmol/Lのリン酸ナトリウム+150mmol/L NaCl(pH8.0))20mLを通液して洗浄した後、カラムに溶出緩衝液(100mmol/Lクエン酸ナトリウム(pH3.6))を240mL通液して、プロテインAカラムから抗体タンパク質を溶出させて、不純物がある程度低減された混合溶液を回収した。
得られた溶出画分に、溶出画分の体積の0.5%の1mol/LTris-HCl(pH8.0)を加えて、溶出画分の水素イオン指数をpH4に調整した。さらに、溶出画分に酢酸を滴下して、溶出画分の水素イオン指数をpH3.5にして、溶出画分を一時間放置し、ウイルスの不活性化処理を行った。その後、トリス緩衝液を用いて、溶出画分の水素イオン指数をpH5.0にし、酢酸バッファー(15mmol/L酢酸バッファー(pH6.0))にバッファー交換を行い、混合溶液1を得た。
カラム:Tskgel G3000SWXL(東ソー社製)
カラム温度:30℃
ポンプ:LC-20AD(島津製作所社製)
検出器:SPD-20A(島津製作所社製)
オートサンプラー:SIL-20AC(島津製作所社製)
カラムオーブン:CTO-20AC(島津製作所社製)
デガッサー:DGU-20AC3
移動相:0.1mol/Lリン酸水素二ナトリウム+0.2mol/L L(+)-アルギニン水溶液(塩酸でpH6.7に調整)
その結果、図1に示すように、吸光ピークの立ち上がりが急峻ではなく、抗体タンパク質の単量体のみならず、抗体タンパク質の凝集体成分(不純物)も含んでいることを示していた。図1のピークを拡大したものが図2である。ここで、図2のように単量体のピークを(3)、それより短時間で回収された凝集体ピークをそれぞれ(1)、(2)とすると、(1)のピークで現れる凝集体成分の含有量は0.67mg、含有率は1.2%であり、(2)のピークで現れる凝集体成分の含有量は0.95mg、含有率は1.7%であり、(3)のピークで現れる抗体タンパク質の単量体の含有量は54.44mg、含有率は97.1%であった。回収された抗体の凝集体及び単量体の総量は56.06mgであった(混合溶液1)。
カチオン性イオン交換担体脂を充填したカラムに、ウイルス不活性化処理を行ったプロテインAカラムからの溶出画分(混合溶液1)を加え、カチオン性イオン交換担体に、抗体タンパク質の凝集体成分(不純物)と単量体成分(目的の生理活性物質)を含む混合溶液を接触させた。加えた溶出画分の量は12mL(4.7mg/ml)であり、流速は0.4mL/minであり、温度は20℃であった。その後、流速は0.4mL/minで流れる20℃の酢酸バッファー(15mmol/L酢酸バッファー(pH6.0))で温度応答性カチオン性イオン交換担体を充填したカラムを洗浄した。フロースルー工程と洗浄工程で、32ml(1.6mg/ml)の溶液を回収した。回収した溶液をサイズ排除クロマトグラフィー(SEC:Size Exclusion Chromatography)にかけた。この場合も、吸光度を示すグラフ(不図示)において、抗体タンパク質の単量体のみならず、抗体タンパク質の凝集体成分(不純物)も含んでいることを示していた。ただし、図5に示すように、不純物の含有量は僅かであった。
なお、カチオン性イオン交換担体で処理前の混合溶液及びカチオン性イオン交換担体で処理後の回収溶液に含まれる凝集体成分及び単量体成分の質量割合を含有率として示した。
また、プロテインA溶出画分に含まれる抗体タンパク質の総量(凝集体成分と単量体成分を含む)を100%としたとき、カチオン性イオン交換担体を充填したカラムをフロースルーして回収された抗体タンパク質の総量(凝集体成分と単量体成分を含む)を抗体回収率として示した。
凝集体の吸着率は、カチオン性イオン交換担体を充填したカラムをフロースルーした後の(1)及び(2)のピークで現れる凝集体成分の合計含有量を、カチオン性イオン交換担体を充填したカラムをフロースルーする前の(1)及び(2)のピークで現れる凝集体成分の合計含有量で除したものを、1から引いてパーセント表示したものである。単量体回収率は、カチオン性イオン交換担体を充填したカラムをフロースルーした後の単量体の含有量を、カチオン性イオン交換担体を充填したカラムをフロースルーする前の単量体の含有量で除したものをパーセント表示したものである。
N-イソプロピルアクリルアミド8.090g、グリシジルメタクリレート0.102g、ブチルメタクリレート0.208gを25容量%t-ブチルアルコール(和光純薬工業(株)社製)水溶液500mLに溶解させ、30分間、窒素バブリングしたものを反応液として用いた。外径3.0mm、内径2.0mm、平均孔径0.25umのポリエチレン多孔質中空糸6.000g(15cm、30本)を密閉容器に入れて、容器内の空気を窒素で置換した。その後、容器の外側からドライアイスで冷却しながら、γ線200kGyを照射し、ラジカルを発生させた。得られたラジカルを有するポリエチレン多孔質中空糸をガラス反応管に移し、200Pa以下に減圧することにより、反応管内の酸素を除いた。これに40℃に調整した上記反応液を、250mL導入し、16時間静置した。その後、中空糸をエタノールで洗浄し、真空乾燥機中で真空乾燥させた。
放射線グラフト重合法によりグラフト鎖を導入した中空糸を、亜硫酸ナトリウムと、IPAと、の混合水溶液(亜硫酸ナトリウム/IPA/純水=10/15/75wt%)200gに投入し、80℃で24時間反応を行い、グラフト鎖中のエポキシ基をスルホン酸基に変換した。反応後、この中空糸を純水で洗浄した。その後、この中空糸を0.5mol/L硫酸中に投入し、80℃で2時間反応を行うことで、グラフト鎖中に残存していたエポキシ基をジオール基に変換した。これをモジュール化(膜体積0.6mL)し、実施例3に係るカチオン交換膜とした。
熱分解装置:PY2020D(フロンティア・ラボ株式会社)
熱分解温度:600℃
GC装置:アジレント6890(アジレント・テクノロジー株式会社)
MS装置:アジレント6973(アジレント・テクノロジー株式会社)
カラム:DB-1(アジレント・テクノロジー株式会社)
0.25mm i.d. × 30m 液相厚 0.25um
カラム温度:40℃(5分保持)→(20℃/分昇温)→320℃(11min保持)
注入口温度:320℃
スプリット比:1/100
カラム流量:1.0ml/分 (ヘリウム)
イオン化法:電子イオン化(EI法)
イソプロピルアミン部位の検出時間:1分24秒
イソプロピルイソシアネートの検出時間:1分46秒
N-イソプロピルアクリルアミドモノマー部位の検出時間:8分9秒
カラム;ACQUITY YPLC BEH200 SEC1.7um(Waters社製)
カラム温度:30℃
システム:ACQUITY UPLC H CLASS(waters社製)
移動相:0.1mol/Lリン酸水素二ナトリウム+0.2mol/L L(+)-アルギニン水溶液(塩酸でpH6.7に調整)
その結果、図3のピークが得られ、それを拡大したものが図4である。なお、実施例3では、実施例1及び2とは異なる装置で吸光度を測定したが、装置の同等性は確認できた。ここでも、図4のように単量体のピークを(3)、それより短時間で回収された凝集体ピークをそれぞれ(1)、(2)とすると(1)のピークで現れる凝集体成分の含有量は1.41mg、含有率は1.9%であり、(2)のピークで現れる凝集体成分の含有量は1.11mg、含有率は1.5%であり、(3)のピークで現れる抗体タンパク質の単量体の含有量は71.65g、含有率は96.6%であった。回収された抗体の凝集体及び単量体の総量は74.17gであった。
モジュール化したカチオン交換膜に、ウイルス不活性化処理を行ったプロテインAカラムからの溶出画分(混合溶液3)を加え、カチオン交換膜に、抗体タンパク質の凝集体成分(不純物)と単量体成分(目的の生理活性物質)を含む混合溶液を接触させた。加えた溶出画分の量は15mL(4.9mg/ml)であり、流速は6.0mL/minであり、温度は35℃であった。その後、流速は6.0mL/minで流れる35℃の酢酸バッファー(15mmol/L酢酸バッファー(pH6.0))でモジュール化したカチオン交換膜を洗浄した。フロースルー工程と洗浄工程で、27ml(2.3mg/ml)の溶液を回収した。回収した溶液をサイズ排除クロマトグラフィー(SEC:Size Exclusion Chromatography)にかけた。この場合も、吸光度を示すグラフ(不図示)において、抗体タンパク質の単量体のみならず、抗体タンパク質の凝集体成分(不純物)も含んでいることを示していた。ただし、図5に示すように、不純物の含有量は僅かであった。
Claims (40)
- 不純物と生理活性物質を含む混合溶液から、前記生理活性物質を精製する精製方法であって、
基材と、前記基材表面に固定された、少なくともN-イソプロピルアクリルアミドをモノマー単位として含む共重合体と、を備えるイオン交換クロマトグラフィー担体を使用し、
前記混合溶液を、前記担体を格納する容器に一定温度でフロースルーさせることによって、前記生理活性物質を回収する、
生理活性物質を精製する方法。 - 不純物と生理活性物質を含む混合溶液から、前記生理活性物質を精製する精製方法であって、
少なくとも1つの温度応答性イオン交換クロマトグラフィー担体を使用し、
前記混合溶液を、前記担体を格納する容器に一定温度でフロースルーさせることによって、前記生理活性物質を回収する、
生理活性物質を精製する方法。 - 不純物と生理活性物質を含む混合溶液から、前記不純物を除去する方法であって、
基材と、前記基材表面に固定された、少なくともN-イソプロピルアクリルアミドをモノマー単位として含む共重合体と、を備えるイオン交換クロマトグラフィー担体を使用し、
前記混合溶液を、前記担体を格納する容器に一定温度でフロースルーさせることによって、不純物を除去する方法。 - 不純物と生理活性物質を含む混合溶液から、前記不純物を除去する方法であって、
少なくとも1つの温度応答性イオン交換クロマトグラフィー担体を使用し、
前記混合溶液を、前記担体を格納する容器に一定温度でフロースルーさせることによって、不純物を除去する方法。 - 前記一定温度が、前記担体に前記不純物を質量分率で50%以上吸着させられ、かつ、前記生理活性物質を質量分率で70%以上回収できる温度である、請求項1ないし4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記担体を格納する容器から回収した溶液の質量に対する前記不純物の質量の割合が2%以下である、請求項1ないし5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記温度が5℃以上60℃以下である、請求項1ないし6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記温度が20℃以上35℃以下である、請求項1ないし7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記混合溶液をフロースルーさせる時の流速が、前記イオン交換クロマトグラフィー担体の体積の0.1倍の体積/分以上、前記担体の体積の30倍の体積/分以下である、請求項1ないし8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記混合溶液をフロースルーさせる時の流速が、前記イオン交換クロマトグラフィー担体の体積の1倍の体積/分以上、前記担体の体積の10倍の体積/分以下である、請求項1ないし9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記生理活性物質が抗体タンパク質の単量体である、請求項1ないし10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記不純物が前記抗体タンパク質の二量体以上の凝集体成分である、請求項1ないし11のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記イオン交換クロマトグラフィー担体が、カチオン交換担体であり、ビーズ状である、請求項1ないし12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記イオン交換クロマトグラフィー担体が、カチオン交換担体であり、膜状である、請求項1ないし12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記カチオン交換担体が、中空糸膜である、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記イオン交換クロマトグラフィー担体を格納する容器に前記混合液をフロースルーさせることの前に、
アフィニティークロマトグラフィーにより前記混合溶液を精製することを更に含む、
請求項1ないし15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記アフィニティークロマトグラフィーにプロテインA担体を使用する、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記アフィニティークロマトグラフィーに、酸溶出型アフィニティークロマトグラフィー担体を使用する、請求項16又は17に記載の方法。
- 前記アフィニティークロマトグラフィーに、温度応答性アフィニティークロマトグラフィー担体を使用する、請求項16又は17に記載の方法。
- 当該精製方法において移動相として用いられる緩衝液が0.5~20mS/cmの伝導率を有する、請求項1ないし19のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 当該精製方法において移動相として用いられる緩衝液の水素イオン指数がpH3.0~9.0範囲内にある、請求項1ないし20のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記イオン交換クロマトグラフィー担体が少なくとも強カチオン交換基を有する共重合体を備え、
前記共重合体が、前記強カチオン交換基を、N-イソプロピルアクリルアミドに対してモノマー換算で0.01~500.00mol%含有する、
請求項1ないし21のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記イオン交換クロマトグラフィー担体が少なくとも強カチオン交換基を有する共重合体を備え、
前記共重合体が、前記強カチオン交換基を、N-イソプロピルアクリルアミドに対してモノマー換算で1~300.00mol%含有する、
請求項1ないし21のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記強カチオン交換基を有する共重合体のモノマー単位の少なくとも一部が、アクリル酸誘導体又はメタクリル酸誘導体であり、下記化学式(1)又は(2)で示される基を有する、請求項22又は23に記載の方法。
-CH(-OH)-CH2-SO3H ・・・(1)
-CH(-SO3H)-CH2-OH ・・・(2) - 前記強カチオン交換基を有する共重合体のモノマー単位の少なくとも一部が、スルホン酸基を有するビニルモノマー由来である、請求項22又は23に記載の方法。
- 前記強カチオン交換基を有する共重合体のモノマー単位の少なくとも一部が、R1、R2、R3のそれぞれをH又はMeとして下記化学式(3)で示される、請求項22ないし25のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
-CR1R2-CR3(-SO3H)- ・・・(3) - 前記イオン交換クロマトグラフィー担体が少なくとも強カチオン交換基を有する共重合体を備え、
前記共重合体が、前記強カチオン交換基を有するモノマー及び/又は強カチオン交換基導入前駆体モノマーを、N-イソプロピルアクリルアミドに対して0.01~500.00mol%の割合で含有するモノマー組成物を、重合法によって重合して形成された、
請求項1ないし21のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記イオン交換クロマトグラフィー担体が少なくとも強カチオン交換基を有する共重合体を備え、
前記共重合体が、前記強カチオン交換基を有するモノマー及び/又は強カチオン交換基導入前駆体モノマーを、N-イソプロピルアクリルアミドに対して1~300.00mol%の割合で含有するモノマー組成物を、重合法によって重合して形成された、
請求項1ないし21のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記強カチオン交換基を有する共重合体のモノマー単位の少なくとも一部が、アクリル酸誘導体又はメタクリル酸誘導体であり、下記化学式(4)又は(5)で示される基を有する、請求項27又は28に記載の方法。
-CH(-OH)-CH2-SO3H ・・・(4)
-CH(-SO3H)-CH2-OH ・・・(5) - 前記強カチオン交換基導入前駆体モノマーの少なくとも一部が、アクリル酸誘導体又はメタクリル酸誘導体であり、前記共重合体が、下記化学式(6)又は(7)で示される側鎖を有する、請求項27又は28に記載の方法。
-CH(-OH)-CH2-SO3H ・・・(6)
-CH(-SO3H)-CH2-OH ・・・(7) - 前記強カチオン交換基を有する共重合体のモノマー単位の少なくとも一部が、スルホン酸基を有するビニルモノマー由来である、請求項27又は28に記載の方法。
- 前記強カチオン交換基を有するモノマーの少なくとも一部が、スルホン酸基を有するビニルモノマーである、請求項27ないし31のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記強カチオン交換基を有する共重合体のモノマー単位の少なくとも一部が、R1、R2、R3のそれぞれをH又はMeとして下記化学式(8)で示される、請求項27ないし32のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
-CR1R2-CR3(-SO3H)- ・・・(8) - 前記強カチオン交換基がスルホン酸基である、請求項22ないし33のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記カチオン交換基密度が30mmol/L以上である、請求項22ないし34のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記重合法が、表面リビングラジカル重合法である、請求項27ないし33のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記重合法が、放射線グラフト重合法である、請求項27ないし33のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 基材と、前記基材表面に固定された、少なくともN-イソプロピルアクリルアミドをモノマー単位として含む共重合体と、を備えるイオン交換クロマトグラフィー担体であって、
前記共重合体が少なくとも強カチオン交換基を有し、
前記共重合体が、前記強カチオン交換基を有するモノマー及び/又は強カチオン交換基導入前駆体モノマーを、N-イソプロピルアクリルアミドに対して0.01~500.00mol%の割合で含有するモノマー組成物を、重合法によって重合して形成されている、カチオン交換担体であるイオン交換クロマトグラフィー担体。 - 基材と、前記基材表面に固定された、少なくともN-イソプロピルアクリルアミドをモノマー単位として含む共重合体と、を備えるイオン交換クロマトグラフィー担体であって、
前記共重合体が少なくとも強カチオン交換基を有し、
前記共重合体中のN-イソプロピルアクリルアミドの質量割合が、1~99%である、
カチオン交換担体であるイオン交換クロマトグラフィー担体。 - 前記共重合体中のN-イソプロピルアクリルアミドの質量割合が、20~80%である請求項39に記載のカチオン交換担体であるイオン交換クロマトグラフィー担体。
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