WO2014136757A1 - ランダム構造gicの製造方法、薄片化黒鉛分散液の製造方法、薄片化黒鉛分散液及び薄片化黒鉛 - Google Patents
ランダム構造gicの製造方法、薄片化黒鉛分散液の製造方法、薄片化黒鉛分散液及び薄片化黒鉛 Download PDFInfo
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- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
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- C01B32/22—Intercalation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
- C01B32/182—Graphene
- C01B32/184—Preparation
- C01B32/19—Preparation by exfoliation
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/20—Graphite
- C01B32/21—After-treatment
- C01B32/22—Intercalation
- C01B32/225—Expansion; Exfoliation
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- the present invention relates to a method for producing a GIC (graphite interpolation compound) having a random structure with little regularity derived from graphite.
- the present invention also relates to a method for producing exfoliated graphite dispersion using GIC having the above random structure, exfoliated graphite dispersion and exfoliated graphite.
- exfoliated graphite with a small number of graphene stacks has attracted attention.
- a production method using GIC is known. In this method, an alkali metal is intercalated between graphite graphene layers. Thereafter, the graphite is peeled off by ultrasonic treatment or heat treatment.
- Non-Patent Document 1 describes the reactivity of alkali metal-GIC formed by intercalating K or the like as an alkali metal between graphene layers.
- Non-Patent Document 1 describes that the structure of alkali metal-GIC changes when graphite is brought into contact with alkali metal vapor to obtain alkali metal-GIC and then contacted with air. That is, in addition to the stage 1 structure peak represented by KC8, the stage 2 peak and stage 3 peak represented by KC24 appear on the XRD spectrum.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method for producing a graphene solution that facilitates processing of a graphene-like carbon material.
- this method for producing a graphene solution first, graphite is reduced with an alkali metal such as K, and the alkali metal is intercalated between the graphene layers.
- the GIC is then contacted with a polar aprotic solvent. Thereby, a graphene solution in which GIC is dissolved in a polar aprotic solvent is obtained.
- Non-Patent Document 1 shows that the structure of stage 2 and stage 3 appears when K is intercalated and KC8, that is, the alkali metal-GIC of stage 1 is further brought into contact with air.
- the peak due to the structure of stage 1 but also the peak due to the structure of stage 2 and stage 3 appears on the XRD spectrum, but the regularity is not eliminated. Therefore, even when such an alkali metal-GIC was peeled, exfoliated graphite having a small number of layers could not be stably obtained.
- Non-Patent Document 1 alkali metal-GIC is dissolved in a polar aprotic solvent such as THF. However, it is difficult to obtain exfoliated graphite with a small number of layers by sufficiently peeling graphite. Met.
- the method for producing a random structure GIC includes a step of preparing an alkali metal-GIC in which an alkali metal is intercalated between graphene layers, and a polar protic solvent in the alkali metal-GIC in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. And a step of contacting.
- the “random structure” has a structure in which the regularity of the graphene-derived graphene laminated state is reduced, as will be described later.
- the non-oxidizing atmosphere is an inert gas atmosphere. In this case, it is possible to reliably block oxygen and bring the polar protic solvent into contact with the alkali metal-GIC.
- the step of exposing the alkali metal-GIC to an oxygen-containing atmosphere after the step of contacting the polar protic solvent in the non-oxidizing atmosphere Is further provided.
- the oxygen-containing atmosphere is in the air.
- the operation of the manufacturing method can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.
- the polar protic solvent is water or alcohol, more preferably water. In this case, cost can be reduced.
- At least one alkali metal selected from the group consisting of K, Li, Rb and Cs is used as the alkali metal.
- the step of preparing the alkali metal-GIC is performed by contacting alkali metal vapor with graphite under vacuum. In this case, alkali metal-GIC can be easily obtained.
- the method for producing exfoliated graphite dispersion according to the present invention includes a step of obtaining a random structure GIC by the method for producing a random structure GIC of the present invention, a step of adding the random structure GIC to a nonpolar solvent or a polar solvent, A step of stripping the random structure GIC in the nonpolar solvent or the polar solvent to which the random structure GIC is added after the random structure GIC is added to the nonpolar solvent or the polar solvent.
- water or lower alcohol is preferably used as the polar solvent.
- a solvent containing a surfactant is preferably used as the polar solvent.
- sodium lauryl sulfate is preferably used as the surfactant.
- the concentration of the solvent containing sodium lauryl sulfate is in the range of 0.1 wt% or more and 10 wt% or less.
- the exfoliated graphite dispersion according to the present invention is obtained by the method for producing an exfoliated graphite dispersion according to the present invention.
- the exfoliated graphite according to the present invention can be obtained by removing the solvent from the exfoliated graphite dispersion according to the present invention.
- the exfoliated graphite of the present invention has a length direction and has a tape shape.
- the plurality of tape-shaped exfoliated graphites having the length direction are gathered in a network shape so that the principal surfaces thereof overlap each other.
- the exfoliated graphite includes a hexagonal shape and a distance between opposing sides of 10 ⁇ m or more.
- the method for producing a random structure GIC since the polar protic solvent is brought into contact with the alkali metal-GIC in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, the regularity of the graphene stacking state is almost eliminated, and the random structure GIC Can be provided. Therefore, by performing a known peeling process such as an ultrasonic process or a shearing process, the graphene is sufficiently peeled, and it is possible to easily obtain exfoliated graphite or graphene having a small number of layers.
- a known peeling process such as an ultrasonic process or a shearing process
- exfoliated graphite having a small number of layers can be easily obtained by subjecting the random structure GIC to a peeling treatment.
- the peeling treatment is performed in a state where the random structure GIC is added to the nonpolar solvent or the polar solvent, the tape-shaped exfoliated graphite having the length direction and the main surfaces of the tape-shaped exfoliated graphite overlap each other. It is possible to provide exfoliated graphite in the form of a network assembled in this manner.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an XRD spectrum of a golden powder obtained by exposing expanded graphite to potassium vapor in Example 1.
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the XRD spectra of the dispersion in Example 1 before opening the airtight cell, immediately after opening the airtight cell, and 22 hours after opening the airtight cell.
- FIG. 3 is an XRD spectrum of the powder obtained after evaporating ethanol from a dispersion obtained by dispersing the random structure GIC obtained in Example 1 in ethanol.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing an XRD spectrum of a graphene oxide film obtained by evaporating water from a dispersion of graphene oxide obtained by a conventional Hammers method.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an XRD spectrum of a golden powder obtained by exposing natural graphite to potassium vapor in Example 2.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing XRD spectra of the dispersion in Example 2 before opening the airtight cell, immediately after opening the airtight cell, and 20 hours after opening the airtight cell.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an alkali metal-GIC having the structure of stage 1, that is, the structure of KC8 when the alkali metal is K.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an alkali metal-GIC having the structure of stage 2 when the alkali metal is K, that is, the structure of KC24.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an alkali metal-GIC having the structure of stage 3 when the alkali metal is K.
- FIG. 10 is an electron micrograph of exfoliated graphite obtained in Example 3.
- FIG. 11 is an XRD spectrum of exfoliated graphite obtained in Example 3.
- FIG. 12 is an electron micrograph of exfoliated graphite obtained in Example 4.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an XRD spectrum of exfoliated graphite obtained in Example 4.
- FIG. 14 is an electron micrograph of exfoliated graphite obtained in Example 5.
- FIG. 15 is an XRD spectrum of exfoliated graphite obtained in Example 5.
- the method for producing a random structure GIC includes a step of preparing an alkali metal-GIC in which an alkali metal is intercalated between graphene layers, and the alkali metal-GIC in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. And contacting with a polar protic solvent.
- a gas is generated by the reaction between the alkali metal and the polar protic solvent in the step of contacting the alkali metal-GIC with the polar protic solvent in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, and the graphene layer is opened by the gas pressure.
- a structured alkali metal-GIC is obtained.
- an appropriate solvent to the randomly structured alkali metal-GIC and providing a dispersion step using ultrasonic waves or the like, exfoliated graphite exfoliated from the randomly structured alkali metal-GIC was dispersed in an appropriate solvent. An exfoliated graphite dispersion is obtained.
- the addition treatment may be performed in an oxygen-containing atmosphere.
- the polar protic solvent and the unreacted alkali metal are oxidized by oxygen, the random structure of GIC is maintained even when contacted with oxygen. Therefore, once the polar protic solvent is used in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, If GIC having a random structure is prepared by contact, the GIC having a random structure may be exposed to an oxygen-containing atmosphere. That is, since the subsequent steps can be performed in the atmosphere, the working efficiency can be greatly improved.
- an alkali metal-GIC in which an alkali metal is intercalated between graphene layers is prepared.
- an appropriate method of intercalating a conventionally known alkali metal between the graphene layers of the raw graphite can be used.
- the raw material graphite is not particularly limited, and appropriate graphite such as natural graphite or expanded graphite can be used.
- natural graphite is used.
- natural graphite a graphene-like carbon material with a lower degree of oxidation and superior conductivity and thermal conductivity because it does not go through the process of oxidizing graphite compared to expanded graphite that has undergone acid treatment. Obtainable.
- expanded graphite refers to graphite in which the graphene layer of graphite is expanded more than natural graphite.
- Examples of such expanded graphite include Toyo Tanso Co., Ltd., product number: PF8.
- expanded graphite since the graphene layer is widened, an alkali metal can be intercalated between the graphene layers more easily than natural graphite.
- the alkali metal is not particularly limited, but preferably, at least one selected from the group consisting of K, Li, Rb and Cs is used.
- the alkali metal can be intercalated between the graphene layers by exposing the raw graphite to an alkali metal vapor. More specifically, the raw material graphite and the alkali metal are heated to a temperature at which the alkali metal can evaporate under reduced pressure, and then cooled. Thereby, an alkali metal is intercalated between the graphene layers of the raw graphite, and an alkali metal-GIC can be obtained.
- the alkali metal-GIC thus obtained has the structure of stage 1 shown in FIG. 7 depending on temperature conditions, for example, when the alkali metal is K. That is, an alkali metal-GIC represented by KC8 is obtained. In KC8, K is intercalated between adjacent graphene layers, and eight Cs are arranged for one K.
- a step of bringing a polar protic solvent into contact with the alkali metal-GIC in a non-oxidizing atmosphere is performed.
- the non-oxidizing atmosphere is not particularly limited as long as oxygen can be blocked. However, it is desirable to use an inert gas atmosphere such as Ar. Thereby, oxygen can be reliably shut off.
- the polar protic solvent is preferably water or alcohol. As a result, a GIC having a random structure can be more reliably produced.
- alkali metal-GIC where the alkali metal is K
- water which is a polar protic solvent
- the inventors of the present application have found that if a polar protic solvent is brought into contact with an alkali metal-GIC in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, the stage structure is collapsed and randomness without regularity. It has been found that a structure appears and has led to the present invention.
- the stage structure is a structure schematically shown in FIGS.
- the stage 1 shown in FIG. 7 is represented by KC8 when the alkali metal is K as an example.
- an intercalation structure in which one graphene layer and K are alternately stacked is employed.
- the stage 2 shown in FIG. 8 when the alkali metal is K, it is represented by KC24.
- an intercalation structure in which two graphene layers and K are alternately stacked is employed.
- the stage 3 shown in FIG. 9 has an intercalation structure in which three graphene layers and K are alternately stacked.
- each of the above stage structures collapses to obtain a random structure GIC.
- each graphene layer having the structure of stage 1 is randomly stacked.
- two layers of graphene having the structure of stage 2 are randomly stacked by the above processing.
- each unit is randomly stacked with a graphene stack having the number of stacks corresponding to the number of stages as one unit.
- the GIC having a random structure in the present invention is a structure in which each unit is randomly stacked so that each unit does not have regularity when the number of stacked graphene stacks corresponding to the number of stages is one unit. It has GIC. Therefore, in the XRD spectrum, almost no peaks derived from structures such as graphite and alkali metal-GIC stages 1 to 3 appear.
- the reaction time is not particularly limited, but the stage structure is instantaneously destroyed when it is brought into contact with a polar protic solvent in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. And the color peculiar to each stage structure is lost, and it becomes black. Therefore, the reaction time may be instantaneous to about 1 hour.
- the alkali metal-GIC having a random structure may be exposed to an oxygen-containing atmosphere.
- the dispersion can be easily obtained by dispersing in a hydrophobic dispersion medium.
- a nonpolar organic solvent can be suitably used. Examples of such nonpolar organic solvents include hexane, toluene, xylene and the like.
- a dispersion can be easily obtained by dispersing GIC having a random structure in a hydrophilic solvent having a surfactant.
- Such a surfactant is not particularly limited, but can be appropriately selected from anionic, cationic, and nonionic surfactants.
- a solvent containing water can be used as the polar solvent.
- a random structure GIC dispersion in which a random structure GIC is dispersed in the dispersion medium is provided. Since such a random structure GIC dispersion is in a state in which the random structure GIC is dispersed in the dispersion medium, it can be advantageously provided to known peeling treatments such as ultrasonic waves and shearing. Therefore, a dispersion in which exfoliated graphite or graphene-like carbon material having a small number of layers is dispersed can be easily obtained by performing a known peeling process by ultrasonic treatment or shearing treatment.
- exfoliated graphite or graphene-like carbon material from a dispersion in which exfoliated graphite or graphene-like carbon material is dispersed, existing methods such as filtration, centrifugal cleaning, and drying can be used.
- existing methods such as filtration, centrifugal cleaning, and drying can be used.
- exfoliated graphite or graphene-like carbon material having excellent conductivity and thermal conductivity can be obtained.
- Method for producing exfoliated graphite dispersion In the method for producing a exfoliated graphite dispersion according to the present invention, first, a random structure GIC obtained by the method for producing a random structure GIC according to the present invention is prepared.
- the random structure GIC is added to a nonpolar solvent or a polar solvent.
- a nonpolar solvent or a polar solvent is not specifically limited, As a polar solvent, water or alcohol is used suitably.
- a polar solvent you may use the aqueous solution containing surfactant and a water-soluble polymer, More preferably, the aqueous solution containing an anionic surfactant is used.
- the random structure GIC is added to the aqueous anionic surfactant solution.
- a peeling process is performed in a state where the random structure GIC is added to the aqueous anionic surfactant solution. Thereby, exfoliated graphite is obtained.
- sodium lauryl sulfate sodium lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, potassium lauryl phosphate, sodium decanoate and the like can be used.
- sodium lauryl sulfate is suitably used.
- polyvinyl alcohol polyvinyl pyrrolidone
- polyethylene glycol polyallylamine, or the like
- polyallylamine polyallylamine
- the concentration of the solvent containing sodium lauryl sulfate is desirably 0.1 wt% or more and 10 wt% or less. Within this range, exfoliated graphite can be obtained more stably according to the present invention. More preferably, the concentration of the solvent containing sodium lauryl sulfate is in the range of 2 wt% or more and 4 wt% or less. In this case, it is possible to stably obtain exfoliated graphite in the form of an elongated tape.
- exfoliated graphite that is aggregated in a network state so that the principal surfaces of a plurality of elongated tape-shaped exfoliated graphite overlap each other can be obtained stably.
- concentration of the solvent containing sodium lauryl sulfate is the content of sodium lauryl sulfate in 100% by weight of the solvent.
- a method of applying ultrasonic waves a stirring method, a high frequency induction method or the like can be used. More preferably, a method of applying ultrasonic waves is suitably used. In that case, according to the present invention, a exfoliated graphite dispersion liquid in which exfoliated graphite having a small number of layers is dispersed can be stably obtained.
- exfoliated graphite dispersion in which exfoliated graphite having a small number of layers is dispersed can be obtained by the above-described peeling treatment.
- exfoliated graphite By exfoliating exfoliated graphite from this dispersion, exfoliated graphite can be obtained.
- the extraction method is not particularly limited, and methods such as drying treatment such as natural drying and vacuum drying, and solid-liquid separation by centrifugal washing and filtration can be used.
- exfoliated graphene when exfoliation processing is performed without using an aqueous solution containing a surfactant, the exfoliated graphene is restacked to generate graphite again, so that exfoliated graphite is efficiently produced. I can't. This is because exfoliated graphite obtained in the present invention is not oxidized, and graphene aggregates and restacks.
- the exfoliated graphite obtained by the present invention is obtained by exfoliation treatment using the random structure GIC as a raw material. Therefore, in the step of obtaining exfoliated graphite, graphene is not oxidized as described above. Therefore, exfoliated graphite excellent in thermal conductivity and conductivity can be obtained.
- the exfoliated graphite obtained by the present invention preferably has a length direction and has an elongated tape shape. In this case, excellent thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity are exhibited over the length direction.
- the contact area between the exfoliated graphites is large. Therefore, the conductivity and thermal conductivity can be further enhanced as compared with the aggregate of carbon nanotubes and carbon fibers.
- the above-mentioned elongated tape-like exfoliated graphite means that the relationship is in the following range when the length is L, the width is W, and the thickness is T. .
- L> 5W and W> 5T more preferably L> 10W and W> 5T.
- the tape-shaped exfoliated graphite for example, when the concentration of the sodium lauryl sulfate aqueous solution containing sodium lauryl sulfate as an anionic surfactant is 2 to 4% by weight, the tape-shaped exfoliated graphite is obtained. It has been confirmed that graphite is obtained.
- the exfoliated graphite according to the present invention is not limited to a tape-like shape, but may have a hexagonal shape and a distance between opposing sides of 10 ⁇ m or more.
- the hexagonal graphite can be produced by the CVD method
- the hexagonal graphene that can be produced by the CVD method has an interval between opposing sides of 5 ⁇ m or less
- the exfoliated graphite obtained by the present invention has an The interval is not particularly limited, but is larger than 10 ⁇ m.
- exfoliated graphite having such a shape uses, for example, a sodium lauryl sulfate aqueous solution that is an anionic surfactant
- concentration of the sodium lauryl sulfate aqueous solution is 5% by weight or more as in Example 5 described later. Good.
- Example 1 As raw material graphite, 0.1 g of expanded graphite (manufactured by Toyo Tanso Co., Ltd., product number: PF8) and potassium K1.5 g were charged into a glass cell capable of hermetically sealing. In addition, as raw material potassium, what was cut out from a block potassium and required surface treatment with petroleum ether was used.
- the glass cell was sealed while vacuuming from the opening of the glass cell.
- a glass ampoule was constructed.
- the glass ampoule was heated in a tubular furnace at a temperature of 350 ° C. for 48 hours. The heating rate was 350 ° C./1 hour. Thereafter, the glass ampule was cooled by natural cooling. After cooling, the glass ampule was removed from the tubular furnace, and the appearance of the internal powder was observed. The internal powder had a golden color.
- the inside of the glove box was placed in an argon gas atmosphere, a glass ampule was divided in the glove box, the powder inside was taken out, a small amount was separated, and an XRD spectrum was measured using an airtight cell while maintaining the argon gas atmosphere. The result shown in FIG. 1 was obtained.
- the 26.4 degree peak derived from graphite disappears in the powder obtained as described above. Instead, it can be seen that a peak at 16.6 degrees derived from KC8, a peak at 33.5 degrees, and a peak at 45.7 degrees appear.
- the peak at 16.6 degrees is considered to be the peak of the (001) diffraction line of KC8.
- the peak at 33.5 degrees is considered to be the peak of the (002) diffraction line of KC8.
- the peak at 45.7 degrees is considered to be the peak of the (003) diffraction line of KC8. Therefore, it was confirmed that the powder obtained as described above was KC8 having the structure of stage 1.
- the black powder obtained as described above was set in an airtight cell in the glove box. And XRD measurement was performed with the argon gas atmosphere maintained. The results are shown in FIG. As is clear from FIG. 2, it can be seen that the peaks at 16.6 degrees, 33.5 degrees, and 45.7 degrees derived from KC8 disappear before the airtight cell is opened. It can also be seen that the 26.4 degree peak derived from graphite has also disappeared. Therefore, it can be seen that a random structure GIC is obtained.
- the peak near 28 degrees increases immediately after the airtight cell is opened and after 22 hours.
- This peak near 28 degrees is considered to be a peak based on the K 2 O (200) plane. That is, it is considered that by opening the cell, unreacted K remaining between the graphenes comes into contact with oxygen in the air and K 2 O is generated. In any case, a peak based on the regularity of the graphene laminated structure cannot be confirmed, and it can be seen that a GIC having a random structure is obtained.
- the powder 0.1 g of the random structure GIC obtained as described above was dispersed in 20 mL of ethanol and subjected to ultrasonic treatment to obtain a dispersion as a dispersion. This dispersion was applied to a slide glass, and ethanol was evaporated by heating and dried. The XRD spectrum of the obtained film is shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 shows an XRD spectrum of a conventional graphene oxide film.
- This conventional graphene oxide film is obtained by evaporating water from an aqueous dispersion of graphene oxide obtained by a well-known Hammers method.
- Example 1 a random structure GIC containing non-oxidized graphene is obtained.
- Example 2 A powder having a structure of KC8 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that natural graphite (manufactured by SEC Carbon, natural graphite powder, product number: SN100) was used as the raw material graphite instead of expanded graphite. Also in Example 2, a golden powder was obtained, and a peak derived from KC8 could be confirmed by XRD spectrum. The results are shown in FIG. As is clear from FIG. 5, peaks of 16.6 degrees, 33.6 degrees and 45.5 degrees derived from KC8 were also confirmed in Example 2 using natural graphite. Further, the 26.4 degree peak derived from graphite disappeared.
- natural graphite manufactured by SEC Carbon, natural graphite powder, product number: SN100
- Example 2 the obtained golden powder having the structure of KC8 was brought into contact with water in an argon gas atmosphere in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, also in Example 2, the color changed to black.
- the powder changed to black as described above was set in an airtight cell in the glove box in the same manner as in Example 1, and XRD measurement was performed while maintaining an argon atmosphere. Thereafter, the airtight cell was opened, the black powder was brought into contact with air, and XRD measurement was performed immediately after the airtight cell was opened and 20 hours after the airtight cell was opened. The results are shown in FIG.
- Example 2 using natural graphite, as in Example 1, when contacted with water, the peak derived from KC8 disappeared, and a GIC having a random structure was obtained.
- the peak of the (002) plane of 26.4 degrees graphite is slightly confirmed before the airtight cell is opened. Therefore, it is considered that the degree of exfoliation of graphene is slightly lower than that in Example 1. This is probably because the KC 24 having the second stage structure was mixed. That is, it is considered that the reaction between potassium and water did not proceed sufficiently because there was a graphene layer in which potassium did not exist. Therefore, it is considered that in the portion where hydrogen gas is not generated, a layer in which separation between graphene layers does not occur occurs, and a 26.4 degree peak derived from graphite remains slightly.
- Example 3 0.1 g of the powdery random structure GIC obtained in Example 1 was added to 20 mL of a 1 wt% aqueous sodium lauryl sulfate solution, and further added so that the potassium hydroxide pH was 10. Next, ultrasonic waves of 28 kHz and 100 w were applied for 10 seconds using an ultrasonic cleaner, a sampler W-113, manufactured by Hyundai Electronics Co., Ltd. In this way, a dispersion liquid dispersed in exfoliated graphite was obtained.
- FIG. 10 is a 500 ⁇ magnification scanning electron micrograph of the resulting sample. As is clear from FIG. 10, it is understood that elongated tape-shaped exfoliated graphite and large hexagonal exfoliated graphite are mixed. It can also be seen that the tape-shaped exfoliated graphite is gathered in a network so that the principal surfaces overlap each other.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an XRD spectrum of the sample. As is clear from FIG. 11, a 26.4 degree peak derived from graphite is not recognized. In addition, a peak at 16 degrees derived from KC8 was not observed. Moreover, it can be estimated from the XRD spectrum that the interlayer distance is about 38 mm.
- Example 4 0.1 g of the powdery random structure GIC obtained in Example 1 was added to 20 mL of a 3 wt% aqueous sodium lauryl sulfate solution, and potassium hydroxide was further added so that the pH was 10. Next, ultrasonic waves of 28 kHz and 100 w were applied for 10 seconds using an ultrasonic cleaner, a sampler W-113, manufactured by Hyundai Electronics Co., Ltd. In this way, a dispersion liquid dispersed in exfoliated graphite was obtained.
- FIG. 12 is a 500 ⁇ scanning electron micrograph of the resulting sample.
- Example 4 a large number of elongated tape-shaped exfoliated graphite was stably formed. Moreover, it turns out that this many elongated tape-shaped exfoliated graphite is gathered in the network form so that main surfaces may overlap.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an XRD spectrum of the sample. As is clear from FIG. 13, a 26-degree peak derived from graphite is not recognized. Further, a peak at 16.6 degrees derived from KC8 was not observed. Moreover, it can be estimated from the XRD spectrum that the interlayer distance is about 38 mm.
- Example 5 0.1 g of the powdery random structure GIC obtained in Example 1 was added to 20 mL of a 5 wt% sodium lauryl sulfate aqueous solution, and potassium hydroxide was further added so that the pH was 10. Next, ultrasonic waves of 28 kHz and 100 w were applied for 10 seconds using an ultrasonic cleaner, a sampler W-113, manufactured by Hyundai Electronics Co., Ltd. In this way, a dispersion liquid dispersed in exfoliated graphite was obtained.
- FIG. 14 is a 500 ⁇ scanning electron micrograph of the resulting sample. As can be seen from FIG. 14, in Example 5, although exfoliated graphite in the form of an elongated tape is partially seen, in many cases, exfoliated graphite having a large hexagonal area is obtained.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an XRD spectrum of the sample. As is clear from FIG. 15, the 26.4 degree peak derived from graphite is not recognized. Further, a peak at 16.6 degrees derived from KC8 was not observed. Moreover, it can be estimated from the XRD spectrum that the interlayer distance is about 38 mm.
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Abstract
Description
本発明に係る薄片化黒鉛分散液の製造方法では、まず、上記本発明に係るランダム構造GICの製造方法により得られたランダム構造GICを用意する。
原料黒鉛として膨張黒鉛(東洋炭素社製、品番:PF8)0.1gと、カリウムK1.5gとを気密封止し得るガラスセルに投入した。なお、原料のカリウムとしては、塊状カリウムから必要量切り出し、石油エーテルにより表面洗浄処理したものを用いた。
原料黒鉛として膨張黒鉛に代えて、天然黒鉛(SECカーボン社製、天然黒鉛粉末、品番:SN100)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして、KC8の構造の粉末を作製した。実施例2においても金色の粉末が得られ、KC8由来のピークがXRDスペクトルにより確認できた。結果を図5に示す。図5から明らかなように天然黒鉛を用いた実施例2においてもKC8に由来する16.6度、33.6度及び45.5度のピークが確認された。また、黒鉛由来の26.4度のピークは消失していた。
実施例1で得られた粉末状のランダム構造GIC0.1gを、1重量%濃度のラウリル硫酸ナトリウム水溶液20mLに添加し、さらに水酸化カリウムpHが10となるように添加した。次に、超音波洗浄機、サンパ W-113、本多電子株式会社製を用い、28kHz100wの超音波を10秒間印加した。このようにして、薄片化黒鉛に分散されている分散液を得た。
実施例1で得られた粉末状のランダム構造GIC0.1gを、3重量%濃度のラウリル硫酸ナトリウム水溶液20mLに添加し、さらに水酸化カリウムをpHが10となるように添加した。次に、超音波洗浄機、サンパ W-113、本多電子株式会社製を用い、28kHz100wの超音波を10秒間印加した。このようにして、薄片化黒鉛に分散されている分散液を得た。
実施例1で得られた粉末状のランダム構造GIC0.1gを、5重量%濃度のラウリル硫酸ナトリウム水溶液20mLに添加し、さらに水酸化カリウムをpHが10となるように添加した。次に、超音波洗浄機、サンパ W-113、本多電子株式会社製を用い、28kHz100wの超音波を10秒間印加した。このようにして、薄片化黒鉛に分散されている分散液を得た。
Claims (18)
- アルカリ金属がグラフェン層間にインターカレートされているアルカリ金属-GICを用意する工程と、
前記アルカリ金属-GICに非酸化性雰囲気下で極性プロトン性溶媒を接触させる工程とを備える、ランダム構造GICの製造方法。 - 前記非酸化性雰囲気下が不活性ガス雰囲気下である、請求項1に記載のランダム構造GICの製造方法。
- 前記非酸化性雰囲気下で前記極性プロトン性溶媒を接触させる工程の後に、前記アルカリ金属-GICを酸素含有雰囲気下に曝す工程をさらに備える、請求項1または2に記載のランダム構造GICの製造方法。
- 前記酸素含有雰囲気が空気中である、請求項3に記載のランダム構造GICの製造方法。
- 前記極性プロトン性溶媒が水またはアルコールである、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のランダム構造GICの製造方法。
- 前記極性プロトン性溶媒が水である、請求項5に記載のランダム構造GICの製造方法。
- 前記アルカリ金属として、K、Li、Rb及びCsからなる群から選択された少なくとも1種のアルカリ金属を用いる、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のランダム構造GICの製造方法。
- 前記アルカリ金属-GICを用意する工程が、アルカリ金属蒸気を黒鉛に真空下で接触させることにより行われる、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載のランダム構造GICの製造方法。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のランダム構造GICの製造方法によりランダム構造GICを得る工程と、
前記ランダム構造GICに無極性溶媒もしくは極性溶媒を添加する工程と、
前記無極性溶媒もしくは極性溶媒に前記ランダム構造GICを添加した後に、前記ランダム構造GICが添加された無極性溶媒もしくは極性溶媒中で、前記ランダム構造GICを剥離処理する工程とを備える、薄片化黒鉛分散液の製造方法。 - 前記極性溶媒として水もしくは低級アルコールを用いる、請求項9に記載の薄片化黒鉛分散液の製造方法。
- 前記極性溶媒が界面活性剤を含む溶媒である、請求項9に記載の薄片化黒鉛分散液の製造方法。
- 前記界面活性剤がラウリル硫酸ナトリウムである、請求項11に記載の薄片化黒鉛分散液の製造方法。
- 前記ラウリル硫酸ナトリウムを含む溶媒の濃度が0.1重量%以上、10重量%以下の範囲にある、請求項12に記載の薄片化黒鉛分散液の製造方法。
- 請求項9~13のいずれか1項に記載の薄片化黒鉛分散液の製造方法により得られた、薄片化黒鉛分散液。
- 請求項14に記載の薄片化黒鉛分散液から溶媒を除去することにより得られた、薄片化黒鉛。
- 長さ方向を有し、テープ状の形状を有する、請求項15に記載の薄片化黒鉛。
- 前記長さ方向を有する複数の前記テープ状の薄片化黒鉛が、該テープ状の薄片化黒鉛の主面同士が重なるようにしてネットワーク状に集合されている、請求項16に記載の薄片化黒鉛。
- 六角形状を有し、対向する辺同士の間隔が10μm以上のものを含む、請求項15に記載の薄片化黒鉛。
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