WO2014134761A1 - 一种负载型聚烯烃催化剂及其制备和应用 - Google Patents

一种负载型聚烯烃催化剂及其制备和应用 Download PDF

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WO2014134761A1
WO2014134761A1 PCT/CN2013/000839 CN2013000839W WO2014134761A1 WO 2014134761 A1 WO2014134761 A1 WO 2014134761A1 CN 2013000839 W CN2013000839 W CN 2013000839W WO 2014134761 A1 WO2014134761 A1 WO 2014134761A1
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alcohol
group
catalyst
compound
carbon number
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PCT/CN2013/000839
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English (en)
French (fr)
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义建军
卢建春
黄启谷
刘智
胡徐腾
刘宏吉
张明革
李红明
高克京
朱百春
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中国石油天然气股份有限公司
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Priority to GB1516228.2A priority Critical patent/GB2526227B/en
Priority to US14/772,962 priority patent/US20160009830A1/en
Priority to DE112013006787.0T priority patent/DE112013006787B4/de
Publication of WO2014134761A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014134761A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F10/00Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/06Metallic compounds other than hydrides and other than metallo-organic compounds; Boron halide or aluminium halide complexes with organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C08F4/16Metallic compounds other than hydrides and other than metallo-organic compounds; Boron halide or aluminium halide complexes with organic compounds containing oxygen of silicon, germanium, tin, lead, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F210/00Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C08F210/16Copolymers of ethene with alpha-alkenes, e.g. EP rubbers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/02Carriers therefor
    • C08F4/022Magnesium halide as support anhydrous or hydrated or complexed by means of a Lewis base for Ziegler-type catalysts
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/42Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
    • C08F4/44Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
    • C08F4/52Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides selected from boron, aluminium, gallium, indium, thallium or rare earths
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/42Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
    • C08F4/44Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
    • C08F4/60Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/62Refractory metals or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/64Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/646Catalysts comprising at least two different metals, in metallic form or as compounds thereof, in addition to the component covered by group C08F4/64
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/42Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
    • C08F4/44Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
    • C08F4/60Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/62Refractory metals or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/64Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/647Catalysts containing a specific non-metal or metal-free compound
    • C08F4/649Catalysts containing a specific non-metal or metal-free compound organic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/42Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
    • C08F4/44Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
    • C08F4/60Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/62Refractory metals or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/64Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/65Pretreating the metal or compound covered by group C08F4/64 before the final contacting with the metal or compound covered by group C08F4/44
    • C08F4/652Pretreating with metals or metal-containing compounds
    • C08F4/656Pretreating with metals or metal-containing compounds with silicon or compounds thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/42Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
    • C08F4/44Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
    • C08F4/60Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/70Iron group metals, platinum group metals or compounds thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F110/00Homopolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C08F110/02Ethene

Definitions

  • the present invention is in the field of olefin polymerization catalysts and olefin polymerization, and in particular relates to the preparation and use of supported polyolefin catalysts and catalysts for the homopolymerization or copolymerization of olefins.
  • Ziegler-Natta catalysts have been around for 60 years. Although polyolefin catalysts such as metallocene and non-metallocene have appeared, they have many industrial problems, such as expensive catalysts and difficulties in loading the main catalyst. Therefore, in terms of current industrial production and market share, the traditional ZN catalyst will remain the dominant player in the field of olefin polymerization for some time to come. In recent years, ZN catalyst products at home and abroad have emerged in an endless stream, and catalyst stability and polymerization catalytic activity have also been continuously improved. However, there are still deficiencies in the hydrogen sensitivity, the control of catalyst particle regularity and the particle size distribution.
  • the traditional Ziegler-Natta polyolefin catalyst preparation method mainly uses a magnesium halide compound dissolved in an organic solvent to form a uniform solution system, and then a transition metal halide is added dropwise to slowly precipitate and load the process, such as the patent CN 101891849A. And patent CN 102617760A.
  • a preparation method of an olefin polymerization catalyst is disclosed in the patent CN 102358761A, which first obtains a carrier by dropwise adding a silicon halide compound to a homogeneous organic solvent of a magnesium halide, and then adds a transition metal halide to the organic solvent in which the carrier is dispersed. Solid polyolefin catalyst component.
  • the preparation method of the catalyst catalyzes the obtained product despite good particle morphology and high catalytic activity.
  • a spherical carrier having a good morphology can be obtained by dissolving magnesium halide in less than an organic alcohol compound and an organic alcohol compound larger than c 5 , adding an organic alcohol ether compound, and then dropwise adding a silicon halide. The particles, and then the transition metal halide is added dropwise to the organic solvent in which the carrier particles are suspended, whereby a solid polyolefin catalyst component having a uniform particle size distribution can be obtained.
  • the polyolefin catalyst provided by the invention has higher titanium loading and activity; the polymer particles have good morphology, high bulk density and less fine powder; and are suitable for slurry polymerization process, gas phase polymerization process or combined polymerization process; the preparation process is simple, Low equipment requirements, low energy consumption and low environmental pollution.
  • the supported olefin polymerization or the spherical catalyst copolymerized with ethylene and comonomer is composed of a main catalyst and a cocatalyst;
  • the main catalyst is composed of a carrier and a transition metal halide;
  • the carrier is composed of a magnesium halide compound, a silicon halide Compound, the number of carbon atoms is less than or equal to
  • the alcohol and carbon number of G are ⁇ 2 .
  • the alcohol composition is a magnesium halide compound, a silicon halide compound, an alcohol having a carbon number of less than or equal to G, and a carbon number of C 6 - C 2 .
  • the molar ratio of the alcohol is 1: 0. 1-20: (0. 1-5): (0. 01-10);
  • the molar ratio of the magnesium halide compound to the transition metal halide is 1: (0. 1-30)
  • the organic alcohol ether compound is added during the preparation of the main catalyst, and the mass ratio of the magnesium halide compound to the organic alcohol ether compound is: 100: (0. 1-20);
  • the cocatalyst is an organoaluminum compound, a transition metal in the main catalyst
  • the molar ratio of halide to cocatalyst is from 1:30 to 500.
  • the magnesium halide compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of a compound of the formula (1) of Mg(R) A, and R is selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic hydrocarbon group of ⁇ , a fatty methoxy group of ⁇ , C 3 ⁇ C 2 .
  • magnesium dichloride is preferred.
  • the transition metal halide is selected from at least one of the compounds of the formula (2) UR 1 ), - wherein M is Ti, Zr, Hf, Fe, Co, Ni, etc.; a halogen atom, selected from Cl, Br, F; m is an integer from 0 to 4; R' is selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic hydrocarbon group of C, ⁇ C a) , a fatty decyloxy group, a cyclopentadienyl group and derivatives thereof, C H ⁇ C 2 .
  • the aromatic hydrocarbon group, C0R' or C00R', R' is an aliphatic group having ⁇ (: 1() or an aromatic group having ⁇ C..
  • R 1 may be specifically selected from the group consisting of: methyl, ethyl, propyl, Butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, decyl, decyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, isopentyl, tert-amyl, 2-ethylhexyl, phenyl, naphthyl, o- At least one of methylphenyl, m-methylphenyl, p-methylphenyl, o-sulfonylphenyl, formyl, acetyl or benzoyl, etc.
  • the Ti, Zr, Hf, Fe, Co, Ni and other transition metal halides specifically titanium tetrachloride, titanium tetrabromide, titanium tetraiodide, titanium tetrabutoxide, titanium tetraethoxide, monochlorotriethoxy titanium , dichlorodiethoxytitanium, trichloromonoethoxytitanium, n-butyl titanate, isopropyl titanate, methoxytitanium trichloride, dibutoxytitanium dichloride, tributoxy a mixture of one or more of titanium chloride, titanium tetraphenoxide, titanium monochlorotriphenoxide, titanium dichlorodiphenoxide, and titanium triphenyl monophenoxide. Among them, titanium tetrachloride is preferred. Transition metal halides The molar ratio of the magnesium halide compound is preferably (0.1 to 30): 1.
  • the organic alcohol ether compound is characterized in that the terminal group contains a hydroxyl group, as represented by the general formula (3): H0 (C3 ⁇ 4C3 ⁇ 40) f (CH 2 ) n R 2 , wherein f is 2 to 20 The integer, n is an integer from 1 to 10; R 2 is selected from the group consisting of (Tc 3 physically aliphatic hydrocarbon group, c:rc 3 . cycloalkyl group, crc :i diligent aromatic hydrocarbon group,
  • Heterocycloalkyl specifically selected from the group consisting of diethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol butyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, triethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoallyl ether, triethylene glycol monoisopropyl Ether, triethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 2-(2-(2-cyclopentylethoxy)ethoxy)ethanol, diethylene glycol ethylcyclopentadienyl Ether, triethylene glycol propyl cyclohexyl ether, diethylene glycol phenyl ether, triethylene glycol furyl ether, triethylene glycol pyridyl isopropyl ether.
  • the mass ratio of the magnesium halide to the organic alcohol ether compound is: 100: 0.1 to 20.
  • the silicon halide compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds of the formula Si (R : i ) and - y X y .
  • X is a halogen atom
  • Y is an integer of 1 to 4
  • 1 is selected from ⁇ ⁇ C 2 "aliphatic hydrocarbon group, ⁇ (: 2 ⁇ fat embankment group, C:, ⁇ C 2 alkyl with rings.
  • C H ⁇ C 2 () is an aromatic hydrocarbon group, C H aromatic alkoxy ⁇ C 2 (1 R 3 is selected from particular: methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl , octyl, decyl, decyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, isopentyl, tert-amyl, 2 -ethylhexyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, phenyl At least one of naphthyl, o-methylphenyl, m-methylphenyl, p-methylphenyl, etc.
  • the alcohol having a carbon number of less than or equal to C 5 is a fatty alcohol or an alicyclic alcohol having a carbon number of 5 or less, specifically selected from the group consisting of ethanol, methanol, propanol, butanol or pentanol , preferably ethanol.
  • the molar ratio of the aliphatic alcohol or the alicyclic alcohol to the magnesium halide having a carbon number of less than or equal to C 5 is preferably (0. 1-5 ): 1.
  • the number of carbon atoms described therein is OC2.
  • the alcohol has a carbon number of C H - C 2 .
  • the molar ratio of the fatty alcohol or alicyclic alcohol or aromatic alcohol having a carbon number of C ti -C 2 combat to the magnesium halide is preferably (0. 01-10): 1.
  • Magnesium halide carrier ie in magnesium halide
  • a mixed solvent of an alcohol having a carbon number of less than or equal to c 5 , an alcohol having a carbon number of - c 2 , and an organic alcohol ether compound co-precipitating agent are added to improve the re-precipitated carrier halogenation.
  • Magnesium particle morphology ie in magnesium halide
  • One of the features of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a supported polyolefin main catalyst comprising the following steps:
  • step 1) The solution obtained in step 1) is contacted with a silicon halide compound at -40-30 ° C, the reaction is 0.5- 5 hours, and the temperature is raised to 40-110 ° C, the reaction is 0.5- 5 hours.
  • the transition metal halide was added to the system obtained in step 2), the reaction was 0. 5-5h.
  • the temperature of the system is raised to 20-150 ° C, preferably 60-120 ° C, and the reaction is 0.5- 5 h. During the heating process, the solid particles gradually precipitate.
  • the product is washed 4-6 times with toluene or n-hexane, and removed by filtration. The unreacted material was dried under vacuum to give a powdery solid catalyst.
  • the organic solvent is selected from C 5 ⁇ C, 5 saturated hydrocarbons, alicyclic hydrocarbons of the C 5 ⁇ , C H ⁇ C 15 aromatic hydrocarbon or.
  • One of the saturated heterocyclic hydrocarbons or a mixed solvent thereof specifically selected from toluene, xylene, n-hexane, n-heptane, n-octane or n-decane, or a mixed solvent thereof, preferably toluene, n-hexyl, n-glycol ⁇ or ⁇ .
  • the olefin polymerization catalyst provided by the present invention also needs to have a cocatalyst composition.
  • the cocatalyst is a common organoaluminum compound, preferably triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, tri-n-hexylaluminum, Ethyl aluminum chloride, methyl aluminoxane, etc.; molar ratio of catalyst to cocatalyst is
  • the system was lowered to -10 ° C, 20 ml of titanium tetrachloride was added dropwise, and the reaction was carried out for 1 h, and the temperature was raised to 90 ° C for 2 h.
  • the stirring was stopped, allowed to stand, layered, filtered, washed with hexane four times (30 ml each time), and dried to obtain a powdery solid catalyst having good fluidity, uniform particle size distribution and spherical shape.
  • the system was lowered to -20 ° C, 25 ml of titanium tetrachloride was added dropwise, and the reaction was carried out for 1 h, and the temperature was raised to 90 ° C for 2 h. Stirring was stopped, allowed to stand, layered, filtered, and washed twice with hexane (30 mL each time). Further, 20 ml of n-barium was added to the reactor at 0 ° C, 25 ml of titanium tetrachloride was added dropwise, and the reaction was carried out for 1 h, and the temperature was raised to 80 ° C for 2 h.
  • the system was lowered to -20 ° C, 20 ml of titanium tetrachloride was added dropwise, and the reaction was carried out for 1 h, and the temperature was raised to 80 ° C for 2 h. Stirring was stopped, allowed to stand, layered, filtered, and washed twice (30 ml each). Further, 20 ml of n-decane was added to the reactor at 0 ° C, 25 ml of titanium tetrachloride was added dropwise, and the mixture was reacted for 1 hour, and the temperature was raised to 80 ° C for 2 hours.
  • the system was lowered to -15, 25 ml of titanium tetrachloride was added dropwise, and the reaction was carried out for 1 h, and the temperature was raised to 90 ° C for 2 h. Stirring was stopped, allowed to stand, layered, filtered, washed four times (30 ml each time), and dried to obtain a powdery solid catalyst with good fluidity, uniform particle size distribution and spherical shape.
  • the system was lowered to -20 ° C, 20 ml of titanium tetrachloride was added dropwise, and the reaction was carried out for 1 h, and the temperature was raised to 80 ° C for 2 h. Stirring was stopped, allowed to stand, layered, filtered, and washed twice with hexane (30 mL each time). Further, 20 ml of n-decane was added to the reactor at 0 ° C, 30 ml of titanium tetrachloride was added dropwise, and the mixture was reacted for 1 hour, and the mixture was heated to 80 ° C for 2 h. Stirring was stopped, the layers were allowed to stand, filtered, and washed twice (30 ml each time).
  • the system was lowered to -20 ° C, 20 ml of titanium tetrachloride was added dropwise, and the reaction was carried out for 1 h, and the temperature was raised to 80 ° C for 2 h. Stirring was stopped, allowed to stand, layered, filtered, and washed twice with hexane (30 mL each time). Further, 20 ml of n-barium was added to the reactor at 0 ° C, 25 ml of titanium tetrachloride was added dropwise, and the mixture was reacted for 1 h, and the temperature was raised to 100 ° C for 2 h. Stirring was stopped, the layers were allowed to stand, filtered, and washed twice (30 ml each time).
  • n-decane 20 ml was added to the reactor at 0 ° C, 25 ml of titanium tetrachloride was added dropwise, and the mixture was reacted for 1 hour, and the temperature was raised to 10 CTC for 2 hours. Stirring was stopped, the layers were allowed to stand, filtered, washed four times (30 ml each time), and dried under vacuum at 100 ° C for 2 h to obtain a powdery solid catalyst having good fluidity, uniform particle size distribution and spherical shape.
  • the olefin catalyst particles provided by the invention have better morphology, uniform particle size distribution, low catalysis of the obtained polymer, and high bulk density, and are suitable for the olefin slurry polymerization process, the gas phase polymerization process or the combined polymerization process.
  • the olefin catalyst provided by the present invention is used as a catalyst for olefin polymerization or copolymerization of ethylene and a comonomer, wherein the comonomer is selected from ( 3 to ( 2 : 1 ) ⁇ -olefin, preferably propylene, 1- Butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1, 3-dibutene, isoprene, styrene, A Styrene, norbornene, etc.
  • Ethylene polymerization After fully replacing the 2 liter stainless steel autoclave with nitrogen, add 20 mg of the main catalyst component to the kettle, dehydrated hexane 1000 ml, and the cocatalyst AlEt :i solution 1. 17 ml (2 awake ol/ml The temperature is raised to 80 ° C and then charged with hydrogen gas of 0.28 MPa, charged with ethylene to 0. 73 MPa, constant pressure constant temperature reaction 2 ho

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种负载型聚烯烃催化剂及其制备和应用;主催化剂由载体和过渡金属卤化物组成,载体由卤化镁化合物、卤化硅化合物、碳原子数小于或等于C5的醇、碳原子数为C6-C20的醇组成,摩尔比为1:(0.1-20):(0.1-5):(0.01-10);卤化镁化合物与过渡金属卤化物的摩尔比为1:(0.1-30);在主催化剂制备过程中加入有机醇醚化合物,卤化镁化合物与有机醇醚化合物的质量比为:100:(0.1-20);主催化剂中的过渡金属卤化物与助催化剂的摩尔比为1:30-500;本催化剂颗粒形态较好、粒径分布均匀,催化所得聚合物细分含量低,堆密度较高,适用于烯烃淤浆聚合工艺、气相聚合工艺或组合聚合工艺。

Description

一种负载型聚烯烃催化剂及其制备和应用
技术领域
本发明属于烯烃聚合催化剂和烯烃聚合领域, 具体涉及用于烯烃均 聚合或共聚合的负载型聚烯烃催化剂及催化剂的制备和应用。
背景技术
Ziegler-Natta催化剂问世至今己有近 60年历史, 期间尽管出现了 如茂金属与非茂金属等聚烯烃催化剂, 但其工业化问题较多, 如助催化 剂昂贵, 主催化剂负载还存在困难等。 因此, 就目前工业生产与市场占 有率来看, 传统的 Z-N催化剂仍将是未来一段时间内烯烃聚合领域的主 导者。 近年来, 国内外的 Z-N催化剂产品层出不穷, 催化剂稳定性与聚 合催化活性也不断提高。 但在氢调敏感性、 控制催化剂颗粒规整性及粒 径分布方一面仍有不足。 目前生产中需开发出制备工艺简单、 氢调敏感 性好、 粒径分布均匀的球形或类球形催化剂。 传统的 Ziegler-Natta聚烯烃催化剂制备方法主要是采用将卤化镁 化合物溶解于有机溶剂中, 形成均一的溶液体系, 然后滴加过渡金属卤 化物使其缓慢析出即负载化的过程, 如专利 CN 101891849A 和专利 CN 102617760A。 但由于向卤化镁均相溶液中直接滴加过渡金属卤化物过程 反应剧烈, 氯化氢气体大量释放, 使得最终所得固体催化剂颗粒形态较 差、 粒径分布不均匀, 且容易造成催化剂粘壁现象。 专利 CN 102358761A 中报道了一种烯烃聚合催化剂制备方法, 其先 通过向卤化镁的均相有机溶剂中滴加卤化硅化合物得到载体, 再向分散 有载体的有机溶剂中滴加过渡金属卤化物得到固体聚烯烃催化剂组分。 该催化剂制备方法尽管颗粒形态良好, 催化活性较高, 但催化所得产物 聚合物细粉含量较高, 因此不利于工业生产。 本专利发现, 在催化剂制备过程中, 通过将卤化镁溶解于小于 的 有机醇化合物和大于 c5的有机醇化合物, 并加入有机醇醚化合物, 然后 滴加卤化硅, 可以得到形态良好的球形载体颗粒, 再向悬浮有载体颗粒 的有机溶剂中滴加过渡金属卤化物, 可以得到粒径分布均匀的固体聚烯 烃催化剂组分。 本发明所提供的聚烯烃催化剂载钛量与活性较高; 聚合 物颗粒形态好, 堆积密度高, 细粉少; 适用于淤浆聚合工艺、 气相聚合 工艺或组合聚合工艺; 制备工艺简单, 对设备要求低, 能耗小, 环境污 染小。
发明内容 本发明的目的在于提供一种简便的用于烯烃聚合或乙烯与共聚单体 共聚合的负载型聚烯烃催化剂及催化剂的制备和应用。 本发明所提供的负载型烯烃聚合或乙烯与共聚单体共聚合的球形催 化剂由主催化剂和助催化剂组成; 所述的主催化剂由载体和过渡金属卤 化物组成; 载体由卤化镁化合物、 卤化硅化合物、 碳原子数小于或等于
G的醇、 碳原子数为 α 2。的醇组成, 卤化镁化合物、 卤化硅化合物、 碳 原子数小于或等于 G的醇、碳原子数为 C6-C2。的醇的摩尔比为 1 : 0. 1-20: ( 0. 1-5 ): ( 0. 01-10); 卤化镁化合物与过渡金属卤化物的摩尔比为 1 : (0. 1-30); 在主催化剂制备过程中加入有机醇醚化合物, 卤化镁化合物 与有机醇醚化合物的质量比为: 100: ( 0. 1-20); 助催化剂为有机铝化合 物, 主催化剂中的过渡金属卤化物与助催化剂的摩尔比为 1 : 30-500。
其中, 所述的卤化镁化合物选自通式 (1 ) 为 Mg (R) A的化合物中的 至少一种, R选自 〜 ,的脂肪烃基、 〜^的脂肪垸氧基、 C3〜C2。的脂 环基或 Cfi〜C2。的芳香烃基; X选自卤素; a =0、 1或 2, b = 0、 1或 2, a + b = 2。 具体选自一氯化镁、 一溴化镁、 一碘化镁、 氯化甲氧基镁、 氯 化乙氧基镁、 氯化丙氧基镁、 氯化丁氧基镁、 氯化苯氧基镁、 乙氧基镁、 异丙氧基镁、 丁氧基镁、 氯化异丙氧基镁、 氯化丁基镁等中的至少一种。 其中, 优选二氯化镁。
其中, 所述的过渡金属卤化物选自通式(2 )为 UR1) ,- 的化合物中 的至少一种, 式中, M是 Ti, Zr, Hf, Fe, Co, Ni等; X是卤原子, 选 自 Cl, Br, F; m为 0到 4的整数; R'选自 C,〜Ca)的脂肪烃基、 的 脂肪垸氧基、 的环戊二烯基及其衍生物、 CH〜C2。的芳香烃基、 C0R' 或 C00R', R'是具有 〜(:1()的脂肪族基或具有 〜 C,。的芳香基。 R1具体可 选自: 甲基、 乙基、 丙基、 丁基、 戊基、 己基、 庚基、 辛基、 壬基、 癸 基、 异丁基、 叔丁基、 异戊基、 叔戊基、 2-乙基己基、 苯基、 萘基、 邻- 甲基苯基、 间 -甲基苯基、 对 -甲基苯基、 邻-磺酸基苯基、 甲酰基、 乙酰 基或苯甲酰基等中的至少一种。 所述的 Ti, Zr, Hf, Fe, Co, Ni等过渡 金属卤化物, 具体可选用四氯化钛、 四溴化钛、 四碘化钛、 四丁氧基钛、 四乙氧基钛、 一氯三乙氧基钛、 二氯二乙氧基钛、 三氯一乙氧基钛、 钛 酸正丁酯、 钛酸异丙酯、 甲氧基三氯化钛、 二丁氧基二氯化钛、 三丁氧 基氯化钛、 四苯氧基钛、 一氯三苯氧基钛、 二氯二苯氧基钛、 三氯一苯 氧基钛中的一种或几种的混合。 其中, 优选四氯化钛。 过渡金属卤化物 与卤化镁化合物的摩尔比优选 (0. 1 - 30): 1。
所述的有机醇醚化合物其特征为末端基含有羟基, 如通式 (3)所示, 通式(3) : H0 (C¾C¾0) f (CH2) nR2, 其中, f为 2到 20的整数, n为 1到 10 的整数; R2选自 (Tc3„的脂肪烃基, c:rc3。的环垸基, crc:i„的芳香烃基,
C2〜C:i。的杂环烷基, 具体选自二乙二醇乙醚、 二乙二醇丁醚、 二甘醇单丁 醚、 三甘醇单乙醚、 二甘醇单烯丙基醚、 三甘醇单异丙基醚、 三乙二醇 单丁醚、 2- (2- (2-环戊基乙氧基)乙氧基)乙醇、 二甘醇乙基环戊二烯基 醚、 三甘醇丙基环己醚、 二甘醇苯乙醚、 三甘醇呋喃基乙醚、 三甘醇吡 啶基异丙醚。 卤化镁与有机醇醚化合物的质量比为: 100: 0. 1 - 20。
其中, 所述的卤化硅化合物选自通式为 Si (R:i) ,— y Xy的化合物中的至 少一种。 式中, X为卤原子; y为 1到 4的整数; 1^选自 〜 C2„的脂肪烃 基、 〜(:的脂肪垸氧基、 C:,〜C2。的环垸基、 CH〜C2()的芳香烃基、 CH〜C2(1 的芳香烷氧基。 R3具体可选自: 甲基、 乙基、 丙基、 丁基、 戊基、 己基、 庚基、 辛基、 壬基、 癸基、 异丁基、 叔丁基、 异戊基、 叔戊基、 2-乙基 己基、 甲氧基、 乙氧基、 丙氧基、 丁氧基、 苯基、 萘基、 邻 -甲基苯基、 间 -甲基苯基、 对 -甲基苯基、 等中的至少一种。 可使用的化合物如: 四 氯化硅、 四溴化硅、 四碘化硅、 一甲基三氯化硅、 一乙基三氯化硅、 二 苯基二氯化硅、 甲基苯基二氯化硅、 二甲基一甲氧基氯化硅、 二甲基一 乙氧基氯化硅、 二乙基一乙氧基氯化硅、 二苯基一甲氧基氯化硅等, 本 发明优选四氯化硅或二苯基二氯化硅。 卤化有机硅化合物与卤化镁的摩 尔比优选(1-20) : 1
其中, 所述的碳原子数小于或等于 C5的醇是碳原子数是碳原子数小 于或等于 5 的脂肪醇或脂环醇, 具体选自乙醇、 甲醇、 丙醇、 丁醇或戊 醇, 优选乙醇。 碳原子数小于或等于 C5的脂肪醇或脂环醇与卤化镁的摩 尔比优选 (0. 1-5 ): 1。
其中所述的碳原子数为 OC2。的醇是碳原子数为 CH ― C2。的脂肪醇、 酯环醇或芳香醇, 具体选自脂肪醇, 脂肪醇中选庚醇、 异辛醇、 辛醇、 壬醇、 癸醇、 十一醇、 十二醇、 十三醇、 十四醇、 十五醇、 或十六醇, 优选异辛醇。碳原子数为 Cti-C2„的脂肪醇或脂环醇或芳香醇与卤化镁的摩 尔比优选 (0. 01-10): 1。 本发明的特征之一为优先制得形态良好的卤化镁载体, 即在卤化镁 载体的制备过程中加入了碳原子数小于或等于 c5的醇、碳原子数为 - c2,, 的醇的混合溶剂以及一种有机醇醚化合物助析出剂, 从而改善重新析出 的载体卤化镁颗粒形态。
本发明的特征之一是提供了一种负载型聚烯烃主催化剂的制备方 法, 包括以下步骤:
1 ) 将卤化镁载体分散于有机溶剂中, 加入碳原子数小于或等于 C5 的醇、 碳原子数为 cfi- (^的醇混合溶剂, 然后加入有机醇醚化合物,
30-150°C下搅拌溶解 l-5h, 优选 70-120°C。
2 ) 在 -40-30°C下, 使步骤 1 ) 中得到的溶液与卤化硅化合物接触, 反应 0. 5- 5小时, 并升温至 40- 110°C, 反应 0. 5- 5小时。
3 )在 -30-3CTC下, 向步骤 2 )中得到的体系中加入过渡金属卤化物, 反应 0. 5-5h。 将体系升温至 20_150°C, 优选 60-120°C, 反应 0. 5- 5h, 在升温过程中, 固体颗粒逐渐析出, 反应结束后, 以甲苯或正己垸洗涤 产物 4-6次, 过滤除去未反应物, 真空干燥得到粉末状固体主催化剂。
在步骤 3 ) 之后还包括以下步骤: 在 -25°C至 30°C下, 再加入过渡金 属卤化物以及有机溶剂, 然后在 _25°C至 30°C下反应 0. 5-5h, 再将体系 升温至 20-150°C, 反应 0. 5-5h; 静置, 分层, 过滤, 己垸洗涤; 每次过 渡金属卤化物与卤化镁的摩尔比为: ( 1-40): 1;该步骤操作的次数为 1-3 次。
所述的有机溶剂选自 C5〜C,5的饱和烃、 C5〜 的脂环烃、 CH〜C15的芳 香烃或 。的饱和杂环烃之一或它们的混合溶剂, 具体选自甲苯、 二 甲苯、 正己烷、 正庚烷、 正辛垸或正癸烷, 或它们的混合溶剂, 优选甲 苯、 正己垸、 正庚垸或正癸垸。
本发明所提供的烯烃聚合催化剂还需有助催化剂组成。 所述的助催 化剂为常见的有机铝化合物, 优选三乙基铝, 三异丁基铝, 三正己基铝, 乙氯二乙基铝, 甲基铝氧烷 誦 等; 催化剂与助催化剂的摩尔比为
1 : 30-500
具体实施方式
实施例 1
在经过氮气充分置换过的反应器中,加入 l g二氯化镁,正癸烷 20 ml , 乙醇 3 ml, 异辛醇 6. 5ml, 搅拌升温至 120°C, 恒温反应 2 h, 固体完全 溶解形成均一的溶液。 降温至 50°C下, 加入乙二醇单甲醚 0. 05ml, 反应 2h。 降温至 -20 °C, 滴加 10ml 四氯化硅, 滴加完毕后升温至 60°C反应 2h, 得到乳白色混浊液。 将体系降至 -10°C下, 滴加 15 ml四氯化钛, 反 应 l h, 升温至 70°C反应 2 h。 停止搅拌, 静置, 分层, 过滤, 己垸洗涤 四次 (每次 30 毫升), 干燥, 得到流动性好、 粒径分布均匀、 呈球形的 粉末状固体催化剂。
实施例 2
在经过氮气充分置换过的反应器中,加入 1 g二氯化镁,正癸烷 20 ml, 乙醇 1. 5 ml, 异辛醇 7ml, 搅拌升温至 120°C, 恒温反应 2 h, 固体完全 溶解形成均一的溶液。 降温至 50°C下, 加入乙二醇单甲醚 0. 2ml, 反应 2h。 降温至 -20 °C, 滴加 20ml 四氯化硅, 滴加完毕后升温至 60°C反应 2h, 得到乳白色混浊液。 将体系降至 -10°C下, 滴加 20ml 四氯化钛, 反 应 l h, 升温至 90°C反应 2 h。 停止搅拌, 静置, 分层, 过滤, 己烷洗涤 四次 (每次 30 毫升), 干燥, 得到流动性好、 粒径分布均匀、 呈球形的 粉末状固体催化剂。
实施例 3
在经过氮气充分置换过的反应器中,加入 1 g二氯化镁,正癸烷 20 ml, 乙醇 2. 5ml, 异辛醇 8. 5ml, 搅拌升温至 90°C, 恒温反应 2 h, 固体完全 溶解形成均一的溶液。 降温至 50°C下, 加入乙二醇单甲醚 0. 02ml, 反应 2h。降温至 -15°C,滴加 15ml四氯化硅,滴加完毕后升温至 70°C反应 2h, 得到乳白色混浊液。将体系降至 -20°C下,滴加 25ml四氯化钛,反应 1 h, 升温至 90°C反应 2 h。 停止搅拌, 静置, 分层, 过滤, 己垸洗涤四次(每 次 30 毫升), 干燥, 得到流动性好、 粒径分布均匀、 呈球形的粉末状固 体催化剂。
实施例 4
在经过氮气充分置换过的反应器中,加入 1 g二氯化镁,正癸垸 20 ml, 甲醇 1. 5ml, 癸醇 8. 5ml, 搅拌升温至 90°C, 恒温反应 2 h, 固体完全溶 解形成均一的溶液。降温至 50°C下,加入二乙二醇丁醚 0. 02ml,反应 2h。 降温至 -15°C, 滴加 10ml四氯化硅, 滴加完毕后升温至 70°C反应 2h, 得 到乳白色混浊液。 将体系降至- 20°C下, 滴加 25ml四氯化钛, 反应 1 h, 升温至 90°C反应 3 h。 停止搅拌, 静置, 分层, 过滤, 己垸洗涤四次(每 次 30 毫升), 干燥, 得到流动性好、 粒径分布均匀、 呈球形的粉末状固 体催化剂。
实施例 5
在经过氮气充分置换过的反应器中,加入 1 g二氯化镁,正癸垸 20 ml, 乙醇 2ml, 异辛醇 7. 5ml, 搅拌升温至 100°C, 恒温反应 3 h, 固体完全 溶解形成均一的溶液。 降温至 50°C下, 加入二乙二醇丁醚 0. 02ml, 反应 2h。 降温至 -15° (:, 滴加 10ml二苯基二氯化硅, 滴加完毕后升温至 80°C 反应 2h, 得到乳白色混浊液。 将体系降至- 20°C下, 滴加 25ml四氯化钛, 反应 1 h, 升温至 100°C反应 3 h。 停止搅拌, 静置, 分层, 过滤, 己垸 洗涤四次 (每次 30 毫升), 干燥, 得到流动性好、 粒径分布均匀、 呈球 形的粉末状固体催化剂。
实施例 6
在经过氮气充分置换过的反应器中,加入 1 g二氯化镁,正癸垸 20 ml, 乙醇 1. 5 ml, 异辛醇 7ml, 搅拌升温至 100°C, 恒温反应 2 h, 固体完全 溶解形成均一的溶液。 降温至 50°C下, 加入乙二醇单甲醚 0. 02ml, 反应 2h。降温至 -10°C,滴加 15ml四氯化硅,滴加完毕后升温至 65°C反应 2h, 得到乳白色混浊液。将体系降至 -20°C下, 滴加 25ml四氯化钛,反应 1 h, 升温至 90°C反应 2 h。 停止搅拌, 静置, 分层, 过滤, 己烷洗涤两次(每 次 30 毫升)。又在 0°C往反应器中加入正癸垸 20ml,滴加 25ml四氯化钛, 反应 lh, 升温至 80°C反应 2h。 停止搅拌, 静置分层, 过滤, 己垸洗涤四 次(每次 30毫升), 于 80°C真空干燥 2h, 得到流动性好、粒径分布均匀、 呈球形的粉末状固体催化剂。
实施例 7
在经过氮气充分置换过的反应器中,加入 l g二氯化镁,正癸垸 20 ml , 甲醇 1. 5 ml, 异辛醇 8ml, 搅拌升温至 100°C, 恒温反应 2 h, 固体完全 溶解形成均一的溶液。 降温至 50°C下, 加入乙二醇单甲醚 0. 02ml, 反应 2h。降温至 - 10°C,滴加 10ml四氯化硅,滴加完毕后升温至 65°C反应 2h, 得到乳白色混浊液。将体系降至 -20°C下,滴加 20ml四氯化钛,反应 1 h, 升温至 80°C反应 2 h。 停止搅拌, 静置, 分层, 过滤, 己垸洗涤两次(每 次 30 毫升)。又在 0°C往反应器中加入正癸烷 20ml,滴加 25ml四氯化钛, 反应 lh, 升温至 80°C反应 2h。 停止搅拌, 静置分层, 过滤, 己垸洗涤四 次(每次 30毫升), 于 80°C真空干燥 2h, 得到流动性好、粒径分布均匀、 呈球形的粉末状固体催化剂。
实施例 8
在经过氮气充分置换过的反应器中,加入 1 g二氯化镁,正癸烷 20 ml, 乙醇 1. 5ml, 癸醇 8ml, 搅拌升温至 90°C, 恒温反应 2 h, 固体完全溶解 形成均一的溶液。 降温至 50°C下, 加入乙二醇单甲醚 0. 2ml, 反应 2h。 降温至 -10°C, 滴加 20ml四氯化硅, 滴加完毕后升温至 70°C反应 2h, 得 到乳白色混浊液。 将体系降至- 15°C下, 滴加 30ml四氯化钛, 反应 1 h, 升温至 90°C反应 2 h。 停止搅拌, 静置, 分层, 过滤, 己垸洗涤四次(每 次 30 毫升), 干燥, 得到流动性好、 粒径分布均匀、 呈球形的粉末状固 体催化剂。
实施例 9
在经过氮气充分置换过的反应器中,加入 l g二氯化镁,正癸垸 20 ml , 乙醇 1. 5ml, 异辛醇 6. 5ml, 搅拌升温至 90°C, 恒温反应 3 h, 固体完全 溶解形成均一的溶液。 降温至 50°C下, 加入乙二醇单甲醚 0. 2ml, 反应 2h。 降温至 - 10°C, 滴加 20ml二苯基二氯化硅, 滴加完毕后升温至 70°C 反应 2h, 得到乳白色混浊液。 将体系降至- 15°C下, 滴加 20ml四氯化钛, 反应 l h, 升温至 90°C反应 2 h。 停止搅拌, 静置, 分层, 过滤, 己垸洗 涤四次 (每次 30 毫升), 干燥, 得到流动性好、 粒径分布均匀、 呈球形 的粉末状固体催化剂。
实施例 10
在经过氮气充分置换过的反应器中,加入 1 g二氯化镁,正癸垸 20 ml, 甲醇 2ml, 辛醇 7. 5ml, 搅拌升温至 90°C, 恒温反应 2 h, 固体完全溶解 形成均一的溶液。 降温至 50°C下, 加入乙二醇单甲醚 0. 2ml, 反应 2h。 降温至 -10°C, 滴加 20ml二苯基二氯化硅, 滴加完毕后升温至 70°C反应 2h, 得到乳白色混浊液。 将体系降至 -15 下, 滴加 25ml 四氯化钛, 反 应 l h, 升温至 90°C反应 2 h。 停止搅拌, 静置, 分层, 过滤, 己垸洗涤 四次 (每次 30毫升), 干燥, 得到流动性好、 粒径分布均匀、 呈球形的 粉末状固体催化剂。
实施例 11
在经过氮气充分置换过的反应器中,加入 1 g二氯化镁,正癸烷 20 ml, 甲醇 2 ml, 异辛醇 8ml, 搅拌升温至 10(TC, 恒温反应 2 h, 固体完全溶 解形成均一的溶液。降温至 50°C下,加入乙二醇单甲醚 0. 02ml ,反应 2h。 降温至 - 10°C, 滴加 10ml四氯化硅, 滴加完毕后升温至 65°C反应 2h, 得 到乳白色混浊液。 将体系降至 -20°C下, 滴加 20ml四氯化钛, 反应 1 h, 升温至 80°C反应 2 h。 停止搅拌, 静置, 分层, 过滤, 己烷洗涤两次(每 次 30 毫升)。在 0°C下往反应器中再加入正癸烷 20ml, 滴加 30ml四氯化 钛, 反应 lh, 升温至 80°C反应 2h。 停止搅拌, 静置分层, 过滤, 己垸洗 涤两次(每次 30ml )。又在 0°C下往反应器中加入正癸垸 20ml,滴加 25ml 四氯化钛, 反应 lh, 升温至 80°C反应 2h。 停止搅拌, 静置分层, 过滤, 己垸洗涤四次 (每次 30毫升), 于 80°C真空干燥 2h, 得到流动性好、 粒 径分布均匀、 呈球形的粉末状固体催化剂。
实施例 12
在经过氮气充分置换过的反应器中,加入 l g二氯化镁,正癸垸 20 ml , 乙醇 1. 5 ml, 辛醇 8ml, 搅拌升温至 900°C, 恒温反应 3 h, 固体完全溶 解形成均一的溶液。降温至 50°C下,加入乙二醇单甲醚 0. 02ml ,反应 2h。 降温至 -10°C, 滴加 15ml二苯基二氯化硅, 滴加完毕后升温至 65°C反应 2h, 得到乳白色混浊液。 将体系降至 -20°C下, 滴加 20ml 四氯化钛, 反 应 l h, 升温至 80°C反应 2 h。 停止搅拌, 静置, 分层, 过滤, 己烷洗涤 两次(每次 30 毫升)。在 0°C下往反应器中再加入正癸垸 20ml,滴加 25ml 四氯化钛, 反应 lh, 升温至 100°C反应 2h。 停止搅拌, 静置分层, 过滤, 己垸洗涤两次(每次 30ml )。 又在 0°C下往反应器中加入正癸烷 20ml, 滴 加 25ml四氯化钛,反应 lh,升温至 10CTC反应 2h。停止搅拌,静置分层, 过滤, 己垸洗涤四次 (每次 30毫升), 于 100°C真空干燥 2h, 得到流动 性好、 粒径分布均匀、 呈球形的粉末状固体催化剂。
对比例 1
经过氮气充分置换过的反应器中,加入 l g二氯化镁, 正癸垸 20 ml, 异辛醇 6 ml, 搅拌升温至 120°C, 反应 2 h, 固体完全溶解形成均一的溶 液。将体系降至 -10°C下,滴加 20 ml四氯化钛,后反应 1 h,升温至 100°C 反应 2 h。停止搅拌, 静置, 分层, 过滤, 己垸洗涤四次(每次 30 毫升), 干燥得到固体催化剂产物。 工业实用性
本发明所提供的烯烃催化剂颗粒形态较好、 粒径分布均匀, 催化所 得聚合物细分含量低, 堆密度较高, 适用于烯烃淤浆聚合工艺、 气相聚 合工艺或组合聚合工艺。
本发明所提供的烯烃催化剂用作烯烃聚合或乙烯与共聚单体共聚合 的催化剂, 其中, 所述的共聚单体选自(3〜(:2(1的 α -烯烃, 优选丙烯、 1- 丁烯、 1-戊烯, 1-己烯、 1-辛烯、 1-癸烯、 4-甲基 -1-戊烯、 1, 3-二丁烯、 异戊二烯、 苯乙烯, 甲基苯乙烯, 降冰片烯等。
应用方式一
乙烯聚合: 将 2 升不锈钢高压釜经氮气充分置换后, 依次向釜中加 入主催化剂组分组分 20 mg,脱水己垸 1000 ml ,助催化剂 AlEt:i溶液 1. 17 ml (2 醒 ol/ml),升温至 80 °C后充入氢气 0. 28 MPa,充入乙烯至 0. 73 MPa, 恒压恒温反应 2 ho
应用方式二
乙烯共聚合: 将 2升不锈钢高压釜经氮气充分置换后, 依次向釜中 加入主催化剂组分 20 mg , 脱水己垸 1000 ml , AlEt3溶液 1. 17 ml (2mmol/ml), 加入 30 ml 1-己烯。升温至 80 °C后, 充入氢气 0. 28 MPa, 充入乙烯至 0. 73 MPa, 恒压恒温反应 2 h。 结果见表 1。 1 实施例 主催化剂钛含量 堆积密度 细粉含量 应用方式一催化 应用方式二催化
( wt% ) (g cm?) (<74μηι) 效率 (kg/g cat) 效率 (kg/g cat)
(%)
1 5.6 0.32 1.6 24 25
2 5.3 0.31 1.3 22 23
3 5.4 0.30 1.7 23 24
4 5.2 0.28 2.0 20 21
5 5.7 0.31 0.9 25 25
6 5.9 0.32 1.5 27 28
7 6.1 0.30 1.7 28 29
8 5.5 0.31 1.5 24 24
9 5.3 0.28 1.2 23 24
10 5.6 0.30 1.4 25 26
11 6.5 0.33 2.1 31 32
12 6.3 0.31 1.9 30 30 对比例 1 5.1 0.27 3.8 16 17

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1.一种负载型聚烯烃催化剂, 由主催化剂和助催化剂组成, 其特征 在于: 所述的主催化剂由载体和过渡金属卤化物组成; 载体由卤化镁化 合物、 卤化硅化合物、 碳原子数小于或等于 G的醇、 碳原子数为 c«-c2„ 的醇组成, 卤化镁化合物、 卤化硅化合物、 碳原子数小于或等于 C5的醇、 碳原子数为 CH-C2Q的醇的摩尔比为 1 : 0. 1-20: (0. 1-5 ): (0. 01-10); 卤 化镁化合物与过渡金属卤化物的摩尔比为 1 : ( 0. 1-30 ); 在主催化剂制备 过程中加入有机醇醚化合物, 卤化镁化合物与有机醇醚化合物的质量比 为: 100: (0. 1-20); 所述的助催化剂为有机铝化合物; 主催化剂与助催 化剂的用量关系为: 主催化剂中的过渡金属卤化物与助催化剂的摩尔比 为 1 : 30-500。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的负载型聚烯烃催化剂, 其特征在于: 所述 的卤化镁化合物选自通式 (1 ) 为 Mg (R) 的化合物中的至少一种, R选 自 (^〜(:2„的脂肪烃基、 (^〜(:2„的脂肪垸氧基、 C3〜(: 2。的脂环基或 Cfi〜C2U 的芳香烃基; X选自卤素; a =0、 1或 2, b = 0、 1或 2, a + b = 2。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的负载型聚烯烃催化剂, 其特征在于: 所述 的过渡金属卤化物选自通式(2 )为 M (R') 4- 的化合物中的至少一种, 式 中, M是 Ti, Zr, Hf, Fe, Co, Ni ; X是卤原子, 选自 Cl, Br, F; m为 0到 4的整数; R1选自 < ,〜(:2„的脂肪烃基、 C,〜 (^的脂肪垸氧基、 的环戊二烯基及其衍生物、 CH〜C2n的芳香烃基、 C0R'或 C00R', R'是具有 (:,〜(:>。的脂肪族基或具有 C6〜(: ιη的芳香基。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的负载型聚烯烃催化剂, 其特征在于: 所述 的有机醇醚化合物其特征为末端基含有羟基, 如通式 (3)所示, 通式 (3) : H0 (CH2C¾0) r (CH2) nR2, 其中, f 为 2到 20的整数, n为 1到 10的整数; R2选自 〜 。的脂肪烃基, C:i〜C:i。的环烷基, C6〜C:i„的芳香烃基, C2〜C:W 的杂环垸基。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的负载型聚烯烃催化剂, 其特征在于: 所述 的卤化有机硅化合物选自通式为 Si (R:i) 4y Xy的化合物中的至少一种, 式 中, X为卤原子; y为 1到 4的整数; R3选自 〜 。的脂肪烃基、 C-C 的脂肪垸氧基、 C:I〜C2„的环烷基、 C«〜C2„的芳香烃基、 CH〜C2。的芳香垸氧 基。
6. 根据权利要求 1所述的负载型聚烯烃催化剂, 其特征在于: 所述 的碳原子数小于或等于 C5的醇是碳原子数小于或等于(:5的脂肪醇或脂环 醇, 碳原子数小于或等于 C5的醇与卤化镁化合物的摩尔比为 (0. 1 - 5 ): 1。
7. 根据权利要求 1所述的负载型聚烯烃催化剂, 其特征在于: 所述 的碳原子数为 cH - c2。的醇是碳原子数为 c6 - c2。的脂肪醇、 酯环醇或 芳香醇, 碳原子数为 c6 - C2。的醇与卤化镁化合物的摩尔比为 (0. 01 - 10): 1。
8.根据权利要求 1 所述的负载型聚烯烃催化剂的制备方法, 其特征 在于: 包括以下步骤:
1 )将卤化镁化合物分散于有机溶剂中, 加入碳原子数小于或等于 c5 的醇、 碳原子数为 CB-G。的醇的混合溶剂, 然后加入有机醇醚化合物, 30-150°C下搅拌溶解 l-5h;
2 ) 在- 40-30°C下, 使步骤 1 ) 中得到的溶液与卤化硅化合物接触, 反应 0. 5-5小时, 并升温至 40-110°C, 反应 0. 5-5小时;
3 )在 -30-30 °C下, 向步骤 2 ) 中得到的体系中加入过渡金属卤化物, 反应 0. 5-5h; 将体系升温至 20-150 °C, 反应 0. 5- 5h, 在升温过程中, 固 体颗粒逐渐析出, 反应结束后, 以甲苯或正己垸洗涤产物 4-6次, 过滤 除去未反应物, 真空干燥得到粉末状固体主催化剂。
9.根据权利要求 8所述的负载型聚烯烃催化剂的制备方法, 其特征 在于: 在步骤 3 ) 之后还包括以下步骤: 在 -25°C至 30°C下, 再加入过渡 金属卤化物以及有机溶剂, 然后在 -25°C至 30°C下反应 0. 5-5h, 再将体 系升温至 20- 150°C, 反应 0. 5-5h; 静置, 分层, 过滤, 己烷洗涤; 每次 过渡金属卤化物与卤化镁的摩尔比为: (1-40 ): 1; 该步骤操作的次数为 卜 3次。
10. 根据权利要求 8所述的负载型聚烯烃催化剂的制备方法, 其特 征在于: 所述的有机溶剂选自 C5〜C15的饱和烃、 C5〜d。的脂环烃、(^〜(:15 的芳香烃或 C:i〜Clu的饱和杂环烃之一或它们的混合溶剂。
11.一种权利要求 1所述的负载型聚烯烃催化剂的应用,其特征在于: 可作烯烃聚合或乙烯与共聚单体共聚合的催化剂, 其中, 所述的共聚单 体选自 C3〜C2Q的 α -烯烃。
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