Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/002—Shape, form of a fuel cell
  • H01M8/004—Cylindrical, tubular or wound
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/02—Details
  • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
  • H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
  • H01M8/0252—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form tubular
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/02—Details
  • H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
  • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
  • H01M8/1213—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the electrode/electrolyte combination or the supporting material
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
  • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
  • H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
  • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a tubular solid oxide cell, solid oxide cells and their use and a correspondingly equipped energy system.
• Solid oxide fuel cells Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, SOFC
• SOFC Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
• the solid oxide fuel cells are mainly developed in two main variants: as a tube (tubular concept) and as a flat membrane (planar concept).
• Document DE 198 01 440 A1 describes a method for producing an electrode-electrolyte unit for a high-temperature fuel cell.
• the document JP 09199138 A describes a method for producing a
• Electrode for a fuel cell is Electrode for a fuel cell.
• the present invention is a process for producing a tubular solid oxide cell.
• a substrate is used
• gas-permeable porous, ceramic material or is formed from an ashless ausbrennbaren material.
• a method step (b) in particular an electrode package is applied to the substrate.
• film injection molding can, for example, to the provided with the electrode package substrate, in particular by ceramic injection molding
• tubular, (carrier) body are molded.
• Injection molding tool is introduced, in particular wherein the electrode package of the substrate provided with the electrode package has a cavity
• step (d) an injection molding component, in particular in the cavity or the cavity, is injected.
• the substrate provided with the electrode package can be introduced into a cavity of an injection molding tool such that the electrode package delimits a hollow cylindrical cavity.
• an injection-molded component can then be injected into the hollow-cylindrical cavity.
• a process step (e) in particular the injection-molded body, for example from process step d), sintered, wherein the component for forming a gas-permeable porous, ceramic material in a gas permeable porous, ceramic material is transferred or wherein the ashless ausbrennbare material is burned out.
• a solid oxide cell may be, for example, a solid oxide fuel cell and / or solid oxide electrolysis cell and / or solid oxide metal-air cell.
• the method can be designed for producing a solid oxide fuel cell and / or solid oxide electrolysis cell and / or solid oxide metal-air cell, for example a solid oxide fuel cell or solid oxide electrolysis cell, for example a solid oxide fuel cell.
• the method advantageously makes possible a tubular solid oxide cell, in particular a tubular solid oxide cell with an internal one
• Electrode package for example with an internal
• ausbrennbaren material advantageously demolding processes are reduced or avoided. So can advantageously damage the
• Electrode package, in particular the functional layer system package, avoided and / or the rejection rate can be lowered.
• the electrode package in particular the functional layer system package, can be produced directly from the injection-molded component during the injection process on the injection-molded body or green body be fixed so that advantageously further manufacturing steps can be saved.
• the substrate consists of a component for forming a
• porous, gas-permeable, ceramic material is formed, formed during the sintering process, the gas-permeable porous, ceramic material and connects cohesively with the electrode package
• an anode layer or cathode layer of the functional layer system for example an anode layer or cathode layer of the functional layer system, and remains as a gas-permeable porous wall, through which gas, for example
• the substrate remains as a sufficiently gas-permeable wall on the electrode package, in particular functional layer system package, eliminates additional process steps for demolding and there can be no unwanted residues remain.
• the substrate is formed from an ashless burn-out material
• the substrate material burns ashless or residue-free during the sintering process.
• the electrode packet or functional layer system for example an anode layer or
• Cathode layer of the functional layer system is thereby exposed, so that gas, for example hydrogen / fuel gas or air, unhindered to the electrode package or functional layer system, for example, the anode layer or cathode layer of the
• Functional layer system can diffuse. Since the substrate burns out ashless during sintering, additional process steps for
• the substrate is printed with the electrode packet.
• the printing can be done in particular by means of screen printing. Screen printing has proven to be particularly advantageous.
• the electrode package may be a functional layer system package comprising an anode layer, a cathode layer and an electrolyte layer formed between the anode layer and the cathode layer.
• a printed substrate can be introduced into the cavity of the injection molding tool.
• the anode material may include, for example, nickel.
• cathode material may include electrically conductive oxides.
• the anode material and / or the cathode material may, for example, be a porous sintered material.
• the electrolyte material can be, for example, a ceramic solid electrolyte, in particular an oxygen-ion-conducting material, for example with rare earths, in particular scandium, yttrium and / or
• the electrolyte material may in particular be gas-tight sintering.
• the substrate may in particular be a sleeve, for example in the form of a tube, or a foil, for example in the form of a band or a so-called tape.
• the substrate may be a
• Be green body sleeve or a green sheet Be green body sleeve or a green sheet.
• a sleeve can be printed in particular by screen printing.
• a sleeve can advantageously be used without an additional shaping machining and / or directly on an injection mold core or a
• Inner wall of the cavity can be positioned.
• Sleeve may be waived form-stabilizing measures.
• Injection molding tool core or their handling can be simplified.
• the substrate may be an extruded or injection molded sleeve.
• a film, in particular a planar film can advantageously be printed very well by planar screen printing. In this way, the method can advantageously be simplified.
• a film can be transferred from planar to one, for example round, injection mold core, or one For example, round, carrier sleeve are handled well.
• a transfer, for example to an injection molding tool core or an inner wall of the cavity of the injection molding tool and / or a carrier sleeve, and / or a positioning, for example on the injection mold core or the inner wall of the cavity of the injection molding tool and / or the carrier sleeve, and / or a shaping processing advantageously be realized very easily by the use of a vacuum, for example by means of a vacuum technology.
• the substrate may be a cast film.
• the sintering in particular in method step e), can take place in a single sintering step.
• the electrode package in particular
• Injection molding component and optionally connect the component of the substrate.
• the sintering in particular in process step e), can
• an outer lateral surface or an inner lateral surface of the hollow cylindrical substrate provided with the electrode package, in particular a printed substrate can be formed by the electrode package, in particular functional layer package.
• the formed by the electrode package, in particular functional layer package, outer or inner The lateral surface may in particular limit the hollow cylindrical cavity.
• the component for forming a gas-permeable, porous, ceramic material is a component for forming an inert, gas-permeable, porous, ceramic material.
• the material does not serve as an electrode or electrolyte.
• the solid oxide cell can be referred to, for example, as an inertly supported solid oxide cell.
• a component for forming a gas-permeable porous ceramic material in particular in process step a), in principle all, in particular inert, ceramic materials are suitable from which a substrate, in particular a sleeve or film, can be produced and from the means
• Pore formers and by sintering a highly porous material can be displayed.
• Process step a) comprise at least one material which is selected from the group consisting of magnesium silicates, in particular forsterite (Mg 2 Si0 4 ), spinels, for example aluminum magnesium spinels such as MgAI 2 0 4 , doped zirconium dioxides, for example less than 3 wt % doped zirconia, undoped zirconia, alumina, alumina-zirconia mixtures, zirconia-glass mixtures, zinc oxide, and mixtures thereof.
• magnesium silicates in particular forsterite (Mg 2 Si0 4 )
• spinels for example aluminum magnesium spinels such as MgAI 2 0 4
• doped zirconium dioxides for example less than 3 wt % doped zirconia, undoped zirconia, alumina, alumina-zirconia mixtures, zirconia-glass mixtures, zinc oxide, and mixtures thereof.
• the component comprises for forming a, in particular inert, gas-permeable porous ceramic material, in particular in method step a), forsterite, aluminum magnesium spinel (AlMg spinel) and / or doped zirconium dioxide.
• a gas-permeable porous, ceramic in particular in method step a
• Materials, in particular in process step a) include forsterite.
• Forsterite is based essentially on the general empirical formula Mg 2 Si0 4 .
• Forsterite may advantageously be highly electrically and ionically highly insulating and for example, at 20 ° C, a specific electrical resistance of 10 Dm and 600 ° C have a resistivity of 10 5 Dm.
• Further advantages of Forsterit are its sintering behavior and its thermal expansion coefficient.
• forsterite can have advantageous shrinkage properties and an advantageous shrinkage kinetics.
• the thermal expansion coefficient of Forsterit can also substantially correspond to the thermal expansion coefficient of the materials of the functional layer system and can be about 10 to 11-10 "6 K " 1 , which is advantageous to a simultaneous sintering (co-sintering) of the tubular (carrier) body and the electrode package, in particular the functional layer system package.
• forsterite can be obtained via a reaction sintering from inexpensive raw materials, such as talc and magnesium oxide, which further contributes to cost savings in the production.
• the component for forming a gas-permeable porous, ceramic material may comprise at least one pore-forming agent.
• Pore formers can be used, for example, compounds which decompose, evaporate and / or melt out during a thermal treatment, for example during sintering.
• Suitable pore formers are, for example, organic pore formers. These can during a thermal process, for example, after the shaping by the
• Injection molding are burned out and leave behind percolating cavities, for example.
• the ashless ausbrennbare material in particular in process step a), for example, be selected from the group consisting of elementary carbon forms such as carbon black, polymers, in particular native polymers such as cellulose and / or starch, and combinations thereof.
• the ashless burn-out material may include or be carbon black and / or cellulose and / or starch.
• an injection molding component for forming a gas-permeable porous, ceramic material used.
• the injection-molded component for forming a gas-permeable porous, ceramic material may be an injection-molded component for forming an inert, gas-permeable, porous, ceramic material.
• porous ceramic material in a, in particular inert, gas permeable porous, ceramic material are transferred.
• injection molding component for forming a gas-permeable porous, ceramic material in particular in process step d), in principle all, in particular inert, ceramic materials are suitable from which a substrate, in particular a sleeve or film, can be produced and from the means of pore formers and by sintering highly porous material can be displayed.
• the injection molding component in particular in
• Process step d), for forming a gas-permeable porous, ceramic material comprise at least one material which is selected from the group consisting of magnesium silicates, especially forsterite (Mg 2 Si0 4 ), spinels, for example, aluminum magnesium spinels, such as MgAI 2 0 4 , doped Zirconia dioxides, for example, with less than 3 wt.% Doped zirconia, undoped zirconia, alumina, alumina-zirconia mixtures, zirconia-glass mixtures, zinc oxide, and mixtures thereof
• magnesium silicates especially forsterite (Mg 2 Si0 4 )
• spinels for example, aluminum magnesium spinels, such as MgAI 2 0 4
• doped Zirconia dioxides for example, with less than 3 wt.%
• the injection-molding component comprises, for the formation of a gas-permeable, porous, ceramic material, in particular in process step d), forsterite, aluminum magnesium spinel
• the injection molding component may comprise forsterite to form a gas-permeable porous ceramic material.
• the injection-molded component for forming a gas-permeable porous, ceramic material may comprise at least one pore-forming agent.
• the component is for
• Formation of a gas-permeable porous, ceramic material also used as injection molding component for example, the component for forming a gas-permeable porous, ceramic material, in particular in process step a), the same component as the injection molding to form a gas-permeable porous ceramic material, in particular in process step d), be.
• the injection molding tool can have an injection mold core insertable into the cavity.
• Injection mold core into the cavity can between the
• tubular cavity comprises a hollow-cylindrical cavity (section), the tube-shaped cavity also still having cavity sections of a different shape,
• cavity end portions for example for forming a mounting portion and a cap portion or for forming two mounting portions having.
• the substrate provided with the electrode package in particular the functional layer system package, can be applied to the injection mold core or the inner wall of the cavity.
• Injection molding tool core is applied, a cell can be produced, which has a tubular support body on the inside of the electrode package, in particular functional layer system package, is applied.
• Functional layer system package provided substrate on the inner wall of the Cavity is applied, a cell can be produced, which has a tubular carrier body on the outside of the electrode package, in particular functional layer system package, is applied.
• a substrate provided with a functional layer system package is used in which an anode layer is applied to the substrate, wherein an electrolyte layer is again applied to the anode layer, wherein a cathode layer is applied to the electrolyte layer, in particular the cathode layer can be the hollow cylindrical cavity, for example , in particular in process step c) and / or d) limit.
• Substrate is applied to the injection mold core, a cell can be produced, which has a tubular support body on the inside of the functional layer system package is applied, wherein the
• Anode layer is an inner layer and the cathode layer is an outer layer.
• the cathode layer in particular cohesively, at the tubular support body and the anode layer at least temporarily, in particular cohesively connect to the substrate.
• the anode layer can be exposed thereby.
• Substrate is applied to the inner wall of the cavity, a cell can be produced, which has a tubular support body on the outside of the functional layer system package is applied, wherein the
• Cathode layer is an inner layer and the anode layer is an outer layer.
• the cathode layer in particular cohesively, at the tubular support body and the anode layer at least temporarily, in particular cohesively connect to the substrate.
• the anode layer can be exposed thereby.
• a substrate provided with a functional layer system package in which a cathode layer is applied to the substrate, wherein an electrolyte layer is again applied to the cathode layer, an anode layer being applied to the electrolyte layer in particular, the anode layer, for example, the tubular, cavity, in particular in process step c) and / or d) limit.
• a cell can be produced which has a tubular carrier body on the inside of which the functional layer system package is applied, in which the cathode layer is an inner layer and the anode layer is an outer layer.
• the anode layer in particular cohesively, at the tubular carrier body and the cathode layer at least temporarily, in particular materially, connect to the substrate.
• the cathode layer can be exposed thereby.
• a cell which has a tubular carrier body on the outside of which the functional layer system package is applied, in which the anode layer is an inner layer and the cathode layer is an outer layer, wherein the anode layer, in particular cohesively, is connected to the tubular carrier body.
• the anode layer in particular cohesively, on the tubular support body and the
• Cathode layer at least temporarily, in particular cohesively connect to the substrate. When the substrate is burned out ashless, the cathode layer can be exposed thereby.
• the method can have at least one further method step (d1): injection of a further injection-molded component.
• the further injection-molded component can be designed in particular for forming a, in particular inert, gas-tight, ceramic material.
• injection molding component for forming a gas-tight ceramic material, in particular in process step d1) basically all, in particular inert, ceramic materials are suitable, from which a substrate, in particular a sleeve or foil, can be produced and from which a gas-tight material is represented by sintering can.
• the further injection molding component, in particular in method step d1), for forming a gas-tight, ceramic material may likewise comprise at least one material which is selected from the group consisting of
• Magnesium silicates in particular forsterite (Mg 2 Si0 4 ), spinels, for example aluminum magnesium spinels, such as MgAl 2 0 4 , doped zirconium dioxides, for example with less than 3 wt% doped zirconia, undoped zirconia, alumina, alumina-zirconia mixtures, Zirconia-glass mixtures, zinc oxide and mixtures thereof
• spinels for example aluminum magnesium spinels, such as MgAl 2 0 4
• doped zirconium dioxides for example with less than 3 wt% doped zirconia, undoped zirconia, alumina, alumina-zirconia mixtures, Zirconia-glass mixtures, zinc oxide and mixtures thereof
• the further injection molding component for forming a gas-tight, ceramic material in particular in process step dl), forsterite, aluminum magnesium spinel (AlMg spinel) and / or doped
• Injection molding component for forming a gas-tight, ceramic material forsterite include.
• Process step d1) thereby differ from the component, in particular in process step a), and / or the injection-molding component, in particular in process step d), in that it is pore-forming free.
• the injection molding tool can in particular be designed such that a tubular cavity can be formed therein, which has a hollow cylindrical cavity and two cavity end sections for forming a
• the further injection-molding component for forming a gas-tight, ceramic material can, in particular in process step d1), in this case be injected into one or both cavity end sections.
• tubular solid oxide cells for example tubular high-temperature fuel cells (tubular SOFC), which have a tubular support body (tube) with a gas-permeable porous, in particular hollow-cylindrical, region, with functional layers on its inside or optionally outside at the level of the porous region can be placed.
• the tubular support body (tube) acts as an electrochemically inert support for the functional layers.
• a substrate is used in the form of a film
• this can be applied to a carrier sleeve with the electrode package, in particular functional layer package, which in turn can be applied to an injection molding tool core.
• Another object of the invention is a tubular solid oxide cell, which is produced by a method according to the invention.
• the solid oxide cell may be a solid oxide fuel cell and / or
• Solid oxide electrolysis cell and / or solid oxide metal-air cell Solid oxide electrolysis cell and / or solid oxide metal-air cell.
• Another object of the invention is a tubular solid oxide cell.
• the solid oxide cell may be a solid oxide fuel cell and / or solid oxide electrolysis cell and / or solid oxide metal-air cell.
• the tubular solid oxide cell may comprise an electrode packet, wherein the electrode packet is arranged between a first wall of a,
• the electrode package is a
• a functional layer system package comprising an anode layer, a cathode layer and an electrolyte layer formed between the anode layer and the cathode layer.
• the anode layer, in particular cohesively, to the first wall and the cathode layer, in particular cohesively connects to the second wall.
• the electrode package can connect to the first and second walls over the whole area.
• the first wall is a section of a tubular carrier body.
• the tubular carrier body may in particular have a hollow-cylindrical intermediate section and two end sections, wherein one of the end sections is a mounting section
• the hollow-cylindrical intermediate section may comprise or form the first wall.
• the unused gas for example fuel gas
• the gas cycle for example the fuel gas cycle
• the first wall or the hollow cylindrical intermediate section can in particular be made of the injection-molded component to form a,
• the end sections may in particular be made of a gas-tight, ceramic material, in particular from method step d1) of the method according to the invention, or be gas-tight.
• the second wall may have a hollow cylindrical shape.
• the second wall may in particular be formed by the substrate used in the method according to the invention or may be porous to gas.
• the second wall has a smaller wall thickness than the first wall.
• the wall thickness of the second wall may be less than 75%, for example less than 50%, for example less than 25%, of the wall thickness of the first wall.
• the invention relates to the use of a tubular solid oxide cell, in particular a tubular solid oxide cell according to the invention, for example as a fuel cell and / or as an electrolytic cell and / or as a metal-air cell, for example in a (micro) cogeneration plant, for industrial power Heat-coupling (CHP), for domestic energy supply, in a power plant for power generation and / or power generation on board a vehicle.
• the tubular solid oxide cell may have a tubular carrier body with a hollow cylindrical section of a, in particular inert, gas-permeable porous ceramic material, for example forsterite, on the inside or outside, in particular inside, an electrode package, in particular functional layer system package of one
• the hollow cylindrical portion may be a hollow cylindrical
• the tubular support body may in particular have the hollow cylindrical intermediate section and two end sections.
• the end sections may be, for example, one, in particular inert, gas-tight ceramic material, for example forsterite.
• the cathode layer in particular cohesively, on the
• the anode layer may be exposed or to a substrate or a wall of a gas-permeable porous material, for example, materially connect. Or the anode layer may, in particular cohesively, connect to the hollow cylindrical (intermediate) portion of the tubular carrier body, in particular wherein the
• Cathode layer are exposed or to a substrate or a wall of a gas-permeable porous material, for example, cohesively connect.
• the present invention relates to an energy system, for example a
• Energy storage and / or converter plant or a (micro) combined heat and power plant or a kraft Suitegekoppelte energy storage and / or - converter system for example, for a photovoltaic system, a wind turbine, a biogas plant, a residential or commercial building, an industrial plant, a Power plant or a vehicle which / s comprises at least one cell according to the invention or produced or used according to the invention.
• a (micro-) cogeneration plant can be understood in particular a system for the simultaneous generation of electricity and heat from an energy source.
• Figure 1 is a schematic cross-section through an embodiment of a tubular solid oxide cell according to the invention, which was prepared by means of a substrate made of a component for forming a gas-permeable porous ceramic material.
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross-section through an embodiment of a tubular solid oxide cell according to the invention, which is produced by means of a substrate made of an ashless burn-out material, prior to burning out of the ashless burn-out material during a sintering process.
• FIGS 1 and 2 show tubular solid oxide cell 10, for example
• Solid oxide fuel cells which has an electrode packet 11 in the form of a functional layer system package lla.lla ', IIb, IIb', llc.llc ', which an anode layer IIa, IIa', a cathode layer IIb, IIb 'and a between the anode layer IIa 'IIa' and the cathode layer IIb, IIb 'formed electrolyte layer llc.llc' includes.
• the anode layer IIa, IIa 'anode regions IIa which are separated by electrically and ionically insulating regions IIa'.
• the cathode layer IIb, IIb ' includes
• Electrode areas IIb which are also separated by electrically and ionically insulating areas IIb '.
• the electrolyte layer IIc.IIc ' comprises electrolyte regions 11c, which are separated from one another by electrically conductive and ionically insulating regions 11c' (interconnector regions).
• FIGS. 1 and 2 furthermore show that the anode regions IIa
• Cathode regions IIb and electrolyte regions 11c are formed offset from each other, wherein in each case an anode region IIa of an anode electrolyte cathode unit lla, llc, llb via an electrically conductive and ionically insulating interconnector region 11c 'of the electrolyte layer llc.llc' electrically conductive with a cathode region IIb a neighboring anode electrolyte Cathode unit lla, llc, llb is connected.
• strands of serially interconnected anode-electrolyte-cathode units lla, llc, llb formed (see left and right sides). Outside the illustrated
• the strands (left and right) may be separated by one or more electrically and ionically insulating regions.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 further illustrate that the strands (left and right) are electrically conductively connected to one another by two anode regions IIa of anode-electrolyte-cathode units 11a, 11c, 11b of different strands being interconnected by an annular conductor 11a "of anode material are connected.
• the arrows 0 2 in FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate that oxygen ions can pass via the electrolyte regions 11c from one of the cathode regions IIb to one of the anode regions IIa, respectively.
• the arrows e " in FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate that the interconnector regions 11c 'and the ring conductor 11c" serially interconnect the anode-electrolyte-cathode units 11a, 11c, 11b in such a way that the current flows through the one strand towards the ring conductor IIa "and on the ring conductor IIa" and the other strand can be led back.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate that the current through the anode material IIa and / or cathode material IIb and / or
• FIGS. 1 and 2 further show that the functional layer system 11a, 11a ', 11b, 11b', 11c, 1cc 'on the inside of a hollow cylindrical
• Section 12 of a tubular carrier body is applied.
• the cathode layer IIb, IIb on the hollow cylindrical portion 12 which is formed of an inert, gas-permeable porous material.
• FIGs 1 and 2 sketch that an end portion of the tubular
• Carrier body is formed as a mounting portion or foot portion 13, wherein the other end portion is formed as a cap portion 14 which closes the hollow cylindrical intermediate portion 12.
• the two end sections 13, 14 are formed from one, optionally inert, gas-tight, ceramic material.
• FIG. 1 illustrates that by an embodiment of the
• the cell by applying an electrode assembly 11 to a substrate 1 of a component for forming an inert, gas-permeable porous ceramic material, and by film injection molding with an injection molding component 12 for forming an inert, gas-permeable porous ceramic material and Conversion of the components 1.12 into inert, gas-permeable porous, ceramic materials is formed by means of sintering, the resulting inert, gas-permeable porous, ceramic substrate 1 remains on the electrode package 11.
• FIG. 1 shows that the electrode package 11 is arranged between a first wall 12 made of the injection-molded component 12 made of an inert, gas-permeable porous ceramic material and a second wall 1 formed of the substrate 1 made of inert, gas-permeable, porous ceramic material.
• the electrode package 11 connects to the first 12 and second 1 wall materially.
• FIG. 1 shows that the second wall 1 can have a significantly smaller wall thickness than the first wall 12.
• an electrode package 11 is printed on a substrate 1, which can remain in the tube 12 as a sufficiently porous layer, for example as an inner wall 1.
• a substrate 1 which can remain in the tube 12 as a sufficiently porous layer, for example as an inner wall 1.
• This can be done in particular by technical screen printing on an inert porous carrier material 1 in tape or tube form. In this way, advantageously in particular a tubular
• Solid oxide fuel cell with internal electrodes.
• a cast film in particular green film, for example in tape form, or an extruded sleeve or an extruded tube 1 are produced.
• a cast film in particular green film, for example in tape form, or an extruded sleeve or an extruded tube 1 are produced.
• the film (green sheet, tape) or the sleeve (tube) 1 can functional layers lla, lla ', llb, llb', llc, llc 'means
• the functional layer package 11a, 11a ', 11b, 11b', 11c, 11c ' can be fixed directly to the green body 12, for example from forsterite, via film back-injection during the injection process, so that advantageously manufacturing steps can be saved.
• the porous inert material of the film (tape) or the sleeve (tube) 1 connects cohesively with the
• Functional layer package lla, lla ', llb, llb', llc, llc ' in particular the anode IIa, and remains as inner wall 1, through which, for example
• Hydrogen can diffuse to the anode IIa.
• this process can be applied to all inert materials, for example AlMg-
• Substrate material for the functional layer package 11 is that it can be printed very well in planar printing and, for example, can also be handled well in the transfer from planar to a round injection mold core, for example a CIM core (CIM, English: Ceramic Injection Molding).
• CIM core CIM, English: Ceramic Injection Molding
• a sleeve 1 (tube) made of an inert ceramic, for example forsterite, AlMg spinel or doped ZrO 2.
• This 1 can be printed directly in round printing and has the advantage, among other things, that it 1 directly on the Injection molding tool core, for example CIM core, is positionable.
• the sleeve 1 would remain as an inner wall 1 in the tube 12. Gas, for example hydrogen, would then diffuse through the porous inner wall 1, for example to the anode IIb.
• a tubular SOFC cell containing an internal electrode package 11 can be produced.
• This electrode package 11 can be printed in particular by screen printing on a green sheet 1 made of an above-mentioned inert material or an extruded sleeve 1 made of the same material. The sleeve 1 and the injection core with the
• applied electrode package 11 may be in an injection mold
• a CIM tool inserted and overmoulded.
• the film (tape) or sleeve (tube) 1 can remain in the tube 12 after the injection process.
• the pore former present in the film (tape) or sleeve (pipe) can burn out and leave behind a porous inert layer in the interior of the tube 12, through which, for example, hydrogen can reach the anode IIb.
• this concept can provide a single sintering step, in which the electrode package 11 and the porous tube 12 join together
• Temperatures for example between 1100 ° C and 1300 ° C, are sintered.
• the cathode IIb can in particular be connected to the ceramic tube 12 with a material fit and still be sufficiently porous after the sintering process.
• the anode IIa can in particular connect in a materially bonded manner to the inner inert porous layer 1 or the inert inner ceramic tube.
• an inert for example, forsterite-based, porous green sheet or extruded sleeve can serve as the substrate 1 for the functional layer package 11, onto which the electrode package 11 is printed by means of rotary screen printing.
• the tube 12 can be a so-called cermet (derived from CIM) produced by film injection molding, a tube made of an inert porous material, for example forsterite.
• FIG. 2 illustrates that, by means of an embodiment of the method according to the invention, in which the cell is rendered ash-free by applying an electrode packet 11 to a substrate 1 made of an ashless material
• Injection molding component 12 for forming an inert, gas-permeable porous, ceramic material and by converting the components 1.12 in inert, gas-permeable porous, ceramic materials is formed by sintering, the substrate 1 may still cover the electrode package 11 before sintering. By sintering, however, the substrate can be completely removed in the context of this embodiment, so that the inside of the
• Electrode packet 11, in particular the anode layer 11a is then open (not shown in Figure 2) .
• an electrode package 11 is printed on a substrate 1, which burns out ashes and residue-free during the sintering process.
• This can be done in particular by technical screen printing on an ashless ausbrennbares carrier material 1 in tape or tube form.
• SOFC tubular solid oxide fuel cell
• a carrier film or an extruded tube 1 can be produced from an ashless-burnable material, for example carbon black and / or cellulose and / or starch. On this film or this tube 1 can functional layers
• lla, lla ', llb, llb', llc, llc ' are printed by screen printing technology.
• Manufacturing steps can be saved. During the sintering process, the substrate material 1 can burn off without residue. So can
• porous anode layer IIa is exposed or as the first functional layer in the interior of the Tubuses, in which, for example, a fuel gas atmosphere can be generated may be located.
• the advantage of using an ashless burn-out carrier film 1 for the functional layer package 11 is that it can be printed very well in planar printing and, for example, can also be handled well in the transfer from planar to a round injection mold core, for example a CIM core.
• a positioning on the injection mold core, for example CIM core, can be done in a very simple way by vacuum. Since the film 1 can burn out ashes during sintering, no residues can remain on the electrode package 11.
• a sleeve 1 of ashless burn-out material e.g., carbon black, cellulose, starch
• This 1 can be printed directly in round printing and has the advantage, among other things, that it can be positioned directly on the injection mold core, for example the CIM core.
• the sleeve 1 would serve as inner wall 1 for the functional layer package 11 and burn out without residue during the sintering process.
• a tubular SOFC cell containing an internal electrode package 11 can be produced.
• This electrode package 11 can in particular by means of screen printing on a green sheet 1 of ashless
• burnable material for example carbon black and / or cellulose and / or starch, or an extruded sleeve 1 are printed from the same material.
• Electrode packet 11 can be inserted into an injection molding tool, in particular a CIM tool, and injection-molded around. During the sintering process, the film (tape) or the sleeve can burn out without residue, so that, for example, the anode IIa can be free or open inside the tube 12.
• this concept can provide a single sintering step, in which the electrode package 11 and the porous tube 12 join together
• the cathode IIb can in particular be connected to the ceramic tube 12 with a material fit and still be sufficiently porous after the sintering process.
• the substrate 1 of the electrode assembly 11 can burn off without residue.
• the functional layer package 11 serves as substrate 1 for the functional layer package 11 is an ashless ausbrennbare planar carrier film or an extruded sleeve, for example made of carbon black and / or cellulose and / or starch serve on the 1 in the screen printing the electrode package 11 is printed and which remains residue-free during the sintering process burns out.
• the tube 12 can be a by
• Foil injection molded, so-called cimter derived from CIM
• tube of an inert porous material for example, forsterite be.

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• 2013
  • 2013-02-25 DE DE102013203039.8A patent/DE102013203039A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2014
  • 2014-02-24 WO PCT/EP2014/053516 patent/WO2014128292A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2014-02-24 KR KR1020157022892A patent/KR20150122144A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2014-02-24 CN CN201480010164.0A patent/CN104995775A/zh active Pending
  • 2014-02-24 JP JP2015558482A patent/JP6198854B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2014-02-24 EP EP14705792.1A patent/EP2959525A1/de not_active Withdrawn

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