WO2014117724A1 - 电子皮肤及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

电子皮肤及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014117724A1
WO2014117724A1 PCT/CN2014/071631 CN2014071631W WO2014117724A1 WO 2014117724 A1 WO2014117724 A1 WO 2014117724A1 CN 2014071631 W CN2014071631 W CN 2014071631W WO 2014117724 A1 WO2014117724 A1 WO 2014117724A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electronic skin
skin according
layer
piezoresistive
capacitive
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/071631
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张珽
王学文
熊作平
顾杨
谷文
Original Assignee
中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN2013100344781A external-priority patent/CN103083007A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201310508179.7A external-priority patent/CN104575500B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201310507497.1A external-priority patent/CN104555883A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201310693411.9A external-priority patent/CN104706335B/zh
Application filed by 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 filed Critical 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所
Priority to AU2014211862A priority Critical patent/AU2014211862B2/en
Priority to JP2015554045A priority patent/JP6180547B2/ja
Priority to EP14746641.1A priority patent/EP2953012B1/en
Priority to US14/764,165 priority patent/US9816882B2/en
Priority to KR1020157022839A priority patent/KR101877108B1/ko
Priority to CA2899676A priority patent/CA2899676C/en
Publication of WO2014117724A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014117724A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/18Measuring force or stress, in general using properties of piezo-resistive materials, i.e. materials of which the ohmic resistance varies according to changes in magnitude or direction of force applied to the material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00147Holding or positioning arrangements
    • A61B1/00149Holding or positioning arrangements using articulated arms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/16Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for measuring intraocular pressure, e.g. tonometers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B34/00Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
    • A61B34/30Surgical robots
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/0205Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/021Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/024Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/103Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/11Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor, mobility of a limb
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/48Other medical applications
    • A61B5/4803Speech analysis specially adapted for diagnostic purposes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C41/00Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C41/02Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C41/00Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C41/34Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C41/42Removing articles from moulds, cores or other substrates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/14Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2562/00Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
    • A61B2562/02Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
    • A61B2562/0204Acoustic sensors
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2562/00Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
    • A61B2562/02Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
    • A61B2562/0285Nanoscale sensors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2083/00Use of polymers having silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only, in the main chain, as moulding material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0003Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0003Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
    • B29K2995/0005Conductive
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2009/00Layered products
    • B29L2009/005Layered products coated
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/34Electrical apparatus, e.g. sparking plugs or parts thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/753Medical equipment; Accessories therefor
    • B29L2031/7546Surgical equipment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of sensors, and in particular to an electronic skin and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique
  • Robots as automated devices for artificial intelligence, are increasingly integrated into the daily lives of human beings and perform work in place of humans in hazardous industries such as high temperatures, high pressures, and explosives.
  • the current robotic system has achieved many visual, auditory and olfactory functions such as humans through the integration of various sensors.
  • how to have sensitive tactile functions like humans has always been one of the challenging problems facing robot systems.
  • the birth of electronic skin will bring huge changes to the robot system, allowing the robot to get more information from the outside environment.
  • wearable devices With the continuous emergence of concept products such as Google Glass and Apple Watch iWatch, wearable devices will enter the public's field of vision with high sensitivity, low cost, low power consumption, portability and more convenient use experience, expanding PC and The function that the mobile phone does not have. Through deep integration with software and hardware technologies and highly integrated smart terminals, wearable devices will further build a smart city and even a smart world while creating an intelligent personal life, thus revolutionizing human lifestyles and consumer attitudes. Sexual change. There are many possibilities for future types of wearable devices, but they will be combined with sensing technology, and the human body as an input or output method, and finally connect to the Internet through itself or through the mobile APP, ultimately achieving human-machine Intelligent interaction.
  • speech recognition is an eye-catching high-tech intelligent human-computer interaction technology, which involves phonetics, phonology, microelectronics, computer information processing technology.
  • voice signal processing technology circuits and systems, and sensing technology have become a competitive emerging high-tech industry.
  • the speech recognition technologies currently reported are mostly based on methods such as speech templates, large vocabulary continuous speech recognition, and acoustic models.
  • these traditional speech recognition technologies face many problems, such as unclear pronunciations such as noisy environments, accents or dialects, and simultaneous pronunciation by multiple people, the speech input effect is poor, the recognition rate is not high, and even unrecognizable.
  • the main reason for the above problems is that the traditional voice acquisition module captures the voice of the voice in the air, and the other voice sources interfere with the collected voice data.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a novel structure of piezoresistive electronic skin which has the advantages of low cost, low driving voltage, high sensitivity, fast response time, high stability and the like.
  • the present invention provides a piezoresistive electronic skin comprising:
  • a conductive layer disposed on an adjacent flexible substrate contact surface, the contact surface of at least one of the conductive layers being a non-planar structure
  • At least one of the flexible substrates uses a polydimethylsiloxane film, or at least one of the flexible substrates is made of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polychlorinated Ethylene (PVC), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), nylon (Nylon), polycarbonate ( A combination of one or more of PC), polyurethane (PU), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET, PETE) or polymeric rubber materials.
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • PVDF polyvinyl fluoride
  • PVVC polychlorinated Ethylene
  • PE polyethylene
  • PP polypropylene
  • PS polystyrene
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • nylon ylon
  • the flexible substrate adopts a polydimethylsiloxane film
  • at least one side of the polydimethylsiloxane film has a pattern, and the size of the pattern is between 0.1-500 ⁇ m;
  • the number of patterns in a unit square centimeter is between 1-1012.
  • the non-planar structure is formed on a surface patterned flexible substrate; the pattern is formed by pouring the polydimethylsiloxane onto a template;
  • the template is a microstructured silicon substrate, a microstructured glass substrate, a microstructured metal substrate, a microstructured plastic substrate, a cloth, a silk product, or a microstructured biological organ. Any one.
  • the organic polymer material is adhered to the surface of the conductive layer.
  • the organic polymer material is polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS) , polymethyl methacrylate ( PMMA ), polyvinyl chloride ( PVC ), nylon ( Nylon ), polycarbonate ( PC ), polyurethane (PU ), polytetrafluoroethylene ( PTFE ), polyethylene terephthalate A combination of one or more of an alcohol ester (PET, PETE), PDMS, or a polymeric rubber material.
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • PVDF polyvinyl fluoride
  • PVVC polyvinyl chloride
  • PE polyethylene
  • PP polypropylene
  • PS polystyrene
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • the present invention also provides a method for preparing a piezoresistive electronic skin, the steps are as follows:
  • the conductive layer solution is a carbon nanotube solution
  • the conductive layer is a carbon nanotube film.
  • the piezoresistive electronic skin uses a carbon nanotube film as a conductive layer and polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl alcohol Polyvinyl formal, polyethylene and other materials are flexible substrates, which make the substrate highly flexible and flexible, and have low operating voltage, low power consumption, high sensitivity and short response time. More importantly, in the present invention, the patterned flexible substrate is used as the substrate, which increases the amount of contact resistance and greatly improves the sensitivity of the electronic skin to small external forces.
  • the template used in the patterning process is a soft template such as cloth or silk which is easy to use without any complicated micro-machining process and is inexpensive, which improves the practicability of the solution, saves material resources and competes against the piezoresistive type.
  • the cost of production of electronic skin is a soft template such as cloth or silk which is easy to use without any complicated micro-machining process and is inexpensive, which improves the practicability of the solution, saves material resources and competes against the piezoresistive type. The cost of production of electronic skin.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a capacitive electronic skin and a method of fabricating the same that can solve the problems of high operating voltage, high power consumption, and low sensitivity in the prior art.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • the invention discloses a capacitive electronic skin, comprising a flexible sensitive layer, at least one of an upper surface and a lower surface of the sensitive layer is a non-planar structure, and an upper surface and a lower surface of the sensitive layer are respectively formed with an upper surface Electrode layer and lower electrode layer.
  • a capacitive electronic skin comprising a flexible sensitive layer, at least one of an upper surface and a lower surface of the sensitive layer is a non-planar structure, and an upper surface and a lower surface of the sensitive layer are respectively formed with an upper surface Electrode layer and lower electrode layer.
  • at least one of the upper surface and the lower surface of the upper electrode layer is a non-planar structure, and/or at least one of an upper surface and a lower surface of the lower electrode layer is a non-planar structure.
  • the sensitive layer has a pattern formed by pouring polydimethylsiloxane onto a template;
  • the template is a silicon substrate having a microstructure, having a microstructure Any one of a glass substrate, a metal substrate having a microstructure, a plastic substrate having a microstructure, a cloth, a silk product, or a biological organ having a microstructure.
  • the sensitive layer is made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and has a thickness ranging from 2 to 50 ⁇ .
  • the material of the sensitive layer is a polymer material, and the polymer material is selected from the group consisting of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polyethylene (PE).
  • Polypropylene PP
  • polystyrene PS
  • polymethyl methacrylate PMMA
  • polyvinyl chloride PVC
  • nylon Nylon
  • polycarbonate PC
  • polyurethane PU
  • polytetrafluoroethylene A combination of one or more of ethylene (PTFE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET, PETE) or polymeric rubber materials.
  • the present invention also discloses a method for manufacturing a capacitive electronic skin, comprising:
  • the invention Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the capacitive electronic skin of the invention is combined with the novel micro-nano sensing technology, and since the non-toxic and biocompatible ultra-thin elastic film material is used, It can be well integrated with human skin, and it can be built into a wearable device to bring a super user experience. At the same time, due to the unique nano structure of sensitive materials, the device has higher sensitivity and better stability. The whole device is light and small, and has the advantage of being convenient to carry.
  • the capacitive electronic skin of the present invention effectively avoids the problem of low carrier mobility, and thus has a low operating voltage (generally 2V) and low power consumption.
  • the unique microstructure makes the device highly sensitive.
  • the invention also discloses the movement of body muscles and epidermis caused by piezoresistive electronic skin and capacitive electronic skin in human body pulse beat, heart beat, tension detection, breathing, eye pressure, throat muscle group vibration, speech recognition, exercise, respectively. , blood pressure, medical robots, endoscopic robot systems, surgical robots for the perception and protection of human organs.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a speech recognition system and method based on piezoresistive electronic skin or capacitive electronic skin, respectively, to solve the problem of poor speech input effect and low recognition rate in the prior art.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • the invention also discloses a speech recognition system, comprising:
  • the piezoresistive electronic skin comprises: a plurality of superposed flexible substrates; a conductive layer disposed on a contact surface of an adjacent flexible substrate, at least one of the conductive layers has a non-contact surface a planar structure; and a conductive electrode electrically connected to the conductive layer;
  • a data processing module receiving a signal from the piezoresistive electronic skin and transmitting the processed signal to the display module;
  • a display module that receives and displays signals from the data processing module.
  • the invention also discloses yet another speech recognition system, comprising:
  • the capacitive electronic skin comprising a flexible sensitive layer, at least one of an upper surface and a lower surface of the sensitive layer being a non-planar structure, wherein the upper surface and the lower surface of the sensitive layer are respectively formed Upper electrode layer and lower electrode layer;
  • a data processing module receiving a signal from the capacitive electronic skin and transmitting the processed signal to the display module;
  • a display module that receives and displays signals from the data processing module.
  • the invention also discloses a speech recognition method, including:
  • the feature signal is analyzed and identified by time domain analysis or frequency domain analysis, and the recognition result is displayed through the display module.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a pulse detection system and method based on piezoresistive electronic skin or capacitive electronic skin, respectively, to solve the problems of large size, high energy consumption, low precision, and price in the prior art. It is expensive and cannot display technical problems such as the complete waveform of the pulse wave.
  • the present invention further provides the following technical solutions:
  • the invention discloses a pulse detection system, including:
  • a filter circuit for filtering a signal from the piezoresistive or capacitive electronic skin to obtain an effective pulse signal
  • An amplifying circuit the effective pulse signal is amplified and sent to an analog to digital conversion circuit
  • a display device that receives and displays signals from an analog to digital conversion circuit.
  • the analog to digital conversion circuit communicates with the display device via a Bluetooth mode, a Zigbee mode or a Wifi mode.
  • the present invention also discloses a pulse detection method, including:
  • the signal from the analog to digital conversion circuit is displayed by the display device.
  • the piezoresistive electronic skin or capacitive electronic skin of the invention is combined with the novel micro-nano sensing technology, and the skin is excellent and human skin due to the use of a non-toxic and biocompatible ultra-thin elastic film material. Incorporating into a wearable device, it can bring a super user experience. At the same time, due to the unique nano structure of sensitive materials, the device has higher sensitivity and better stability. It has the advantages of convenient carrying and low cost.
  • the speech recognition system and method based on the above-mentioned piezoresistive electronic skin or capacitive electronic skin solves the technical problem of poor speech detection effect and low recognition rate in the prior art, and has synchronous recognition, high recognition rate, small volume, and Easy to carry and so on.
  • the pulse detection system and method based on the above-mentioned piezoresistive electronic skin or capacitive electronic skin solves the problem of large volume in the prior art, discomfort during the decompression process, low accuracy of pulse detection, and inability to display.
  • Pulse wave complete waveform or expensive, with high sensitivity, good stability, low energy consumption, light and small device and wearable.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a piezoresistive electronic skin according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is an SEM picture of a polydimethylsiloxane film having a micropattern
  • Figure 4 is a SEM picture of a single-walled carbon nanotube film
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing changes in pressure and resistance according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a capacitive electronic skin in accordance with a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a SEM image of a silicon wafer template in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a SEM image of a PDMS flexible film made from the template shown in Figure 7;
  • Figure 9 is a graph showing the response of the capacitive electronic skin obtained in the embodiment of the present invention to the force
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a voice recognition system according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the result of checking the speech recognition using the capacitive electronic skin of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a pulse detection system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a waveform diagram of a wrist pulse measured using the piezoresistive electronic skin of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a diagram of a single pulse waveform measured using the piezoresistive electronic skin of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a first inspection diagram for speech recognition using the piezoresistive electronic skin of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a second inspection diagram for speech recognition using the piezoresistive electronic skin of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a response diagram of the capacitive electronic skin detecting external tension
  • Figure 18 is a signal capture diagram of the piezoresistive electronic skin applied to the endoscopic medical system. detailed description
  • This embodiment discloses a piezoresistive electronic skin comprising: a plurality of superposed flexible substrates; a conductive layer disposed on an adjacent flexible substrate contact surface, the contact surface of at least one of the conductive layers being non-planar And a conductive electrode electrically connected to the conductive layer.
  • the electronic skin comprises two flexible substrates 11, 12;
  • Two conductive layers 21, 22 are respectively coated on the two flexible substrates 11, 12, and the two conductive layers 21, 22 are in contact with each other; the two conductive electrodes 31, 32 are respectively in contact with the two conductive layers 21, 22.
  • each of the flexible substrates can be made from a variety of different materials.
  • At least one of the flexible substrates adopts a polydimethylsiloxane film, and at least one side of the polydimethylsiloxane film has a micro/nano pattern, and the size of the pattern is 0.1 Between -500 ⁇ ; the number of patterns in a unit square centimeter is between 1-1012.
  • at least one of the flexible substrates is made of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), and polypropylene (PP).
  • polystyrene PS
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • nylon Nylon
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PU polyurethane
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • the pattern is preferably formed by pouring the polydimethylsiloxane onto a template, specifically, for example, degasing in a vacuum for 1-30 minutes, and pouring into one
  • the template is preferably made of a silicon substrate having a microstructure, a glass substrate having a microstructure, a metal substrate having a microstructure, a plastic substrate having a microstructure, a cloth, a silk product, or a micro Any of the structural organism organs.
  • the material which is easy to purchase to realize the template by using the material which is easy to purchase to realize the template, the practicality of the piezoresistive electronic skin can be effectively improved and the manufacturing cost of the piezoresistive electronic skin can be greatly reduced.
  • the conductive layers 21, 22 comprise carbon nanotube films, which are mainly composed of a network of carbon nanotube interlaces.
  • the carbon nanotube film has a light transmittance of 50% to 97% and a square resistance of 102 to 107 Q/sq.
  • the carbon nanotube film is generally formed to have a thickness of about 10 nm to 500 nm, and is formed by a combination of one or more of single-walled carbon nanotubes, double-walled carbon nanotubes, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes.
  • the single-walled carbon nanotubes are metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes, semiconducting carbon nanotubes, or mixed single-walled carbon nanotubes containing both metallic and semiconducting carbon nanotubes.
  • the carbon nanotube film may also be a carbon nanotube film which is doped or modified by nitrogen or boron, a noble metal, a metal, a surfactant, and an organic polymer compound.
  • the carbon nanotubes may be carbon nanotubes functionalized by hydroxyl groups (-OH), carboxyl groups (-COOH), amino groups (-NH2), polymerized functional carbon nanotubes, and metal nanoparticle functionalized carbon. Nanotubes, metal oxide functionalized carbon nanotubes, and biomolecularly functionalized carbon nanotubes.
  • the conductive layers 21, 22 may also be one or a combination of two or more of any of copper, silver, and gold.
  • the surface of the conductive layer is bonded with an organic polymer material.
  • the organic polymer material is preferably polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), or polyethylene ( PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), nylon (Nylon), polycarbonate (PC), polyurethane (PU), A combination of one or more of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET, PETE), PDMS, or a polymeric rubber material.
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • PVDF polyvinyl fluoride
  • PVVC polyvinyl chloride
  • PE polyethylene
  • PE polypropylene
  • PS polystyrene
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • nylon nylon
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PU polyurethane
  • PU polyurethane
  • PTFE
  • the polymer rubber material may include, but is not limited to, butyl rubber, butadiene rubber, neoprene rubber, ethylene propylene diene monomer, acrylate rubber, and urethane rubber.
  • the sensitivity and stability of the conductive layer can be increased by selecting different materials and bonding them to the surface of the conductive layer.
  • a PVDF piezoelectric material (not limited to PVDF) may be added between the conductive film layers 21, 22 as shown in FIG. 1, which can improve the sensitivity and stability of the device.
  • the conductive electrode 31 is connected to the conductive layer 21 and is not connected to the conductive layer 22.
  • the conductive electrode 32 is connected to the conductive layer 22 and is not connected to the conductive layer 21, and has a micro-nano pattern carbon tube film. Only one of the conductive electrodes can be connected separately. Further, the conductive electrodes 31, 32 are made of any one of gold, platinum, nickel, silver, indium, copper, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, or a combination of two or more materials.
  • the manner in which the two layers of patterned conductive film are mated that is, the manner in which the device is packaged, has a large influence on the stability of the device.
  • the preferred packaging method is to bond the two layers of film from the periphery to form a stable single-layer structure.
  • the present invention also provides a method for preparing a piezoresistive electronic skin, and the steps are as follows:
  • the polydimethylsiloxane film is prepared by the following method, comprising the steps S11 and S12:
  • the cured polydimethylsiloxane is ultrasonicated in an organic solvent for 5-30 minutes and then removed from the template.
  • the template may be a silicon substrate, a glass substrate, a metal substrate, a plastic substrate, a cloth, a silk product or a biological organ having microstructures each having a microstructure;
  • the organic solvent may be methanol , ethanol or ethylene glycol.
  • One or both sides of the obtained polydimethylsiloxane film are placed under an oxygen plasma condition for 1 to 60 minutes.
  • the polydimethylsiloxane film may also be a polymer material, which may be selected from, but not limited to, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE).
  • polypropylene PP
  • polystyrene PS
  • polymethyl methacrylate PMMA
  • polyvinyl chloride PVC
  • nylon Nylon
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PU polyurethane
  • PTFE tetrafluoroethylene
  • PETE PETE
  • PDMS polymeric rubber materials.
  • the polymer rubber material may include, but not limited to, butyl rubber, butadiene rubber, neoprene rubber, ethylene propylene diene monomer, acrylate rubber, and urethane rubber.
  • the density of the microstructure is (X x Y ) lines/cm 2 , where 1 ⁇ X ⁇ 106, 1 ⁇ X ⁇ 106.
  • the density of the microstructure is defined as the density in an area of square centimeters.
  • a high density structure refers to a density structure greater than 44 771ines/cm 2 ;
  • a low density structure refers to a density structure less than 27 38 lines/cm 2 .
  • the density is preferably 44 771 ines/cm 2 , and theoretically, the higher the density, the higher the sensitivity.
  • the microstructure is used to make the piezoresistive electronic skin have a better performance output, the sensitivity can reach 1.8KPa-l, the detection lower limit can reach 0.6Pa, and the response time can be up to 10ms.
  • a scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the prepared polydimethylsiloxane film with a micro/nano pattern indicates that a polydimethylsiloxane film has a periodic microstructure. pattern.
  • the conductive layer solution is a carbon nanotube solution
  • the conductive layer is preferably a carbon nanotube film
  • the tube film assembles one side of the patterned carbon nanotube film face to face to form a thin film device in which the carbon nanotube films are in contact with each other.
  • step S2 may specifically include steps S21 and S23:
  • the surfactant may be a common ionic or nonionic surfactant, preferably an ionic surfactant,
  • the invention particularly preferably employs, but is not limited to, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and the like, preferably at a concentration of from 1 to 10% by weight.
  • the carbon nanotube dispersion is centrifuged at a rate of 1000-20000 rpm for more than O. lh, the supernatant is taken as a pre-filming solution;
  • the thickness and conductivity of the carbon nanotube film can be determined by the time of spraying the amount of carbon nanotubes contained. The higher the amount of carbon nanotubes, the longer the spraying time, and the stronger the strength, the better the conductivity.
  • the film forming step may be a conventional film forming method such as vacuum suction filtration, spin coating, spray coating, or printing.
  • the solution is specifically as follows: taking the diluted carbon nanotube dispersion liquid and spraying it on the patterned polydimethylsiloxane film with a spray pen at a pressure of 0.1-lpsi, and then The film is placed on a heating furnace, heated to 80-12 CTC, the water evaporation is accelerated, and the residual surfactant in the carbon nanotube film is washed with deionized water to obtain the attached polydimethylsiloxane. Carbon nanotube film of oxane film.
  • the solution is specifically: forming the film by dispersing the diluted carbon nanotube dispersion on a material having a flat surface such as glass, mica or silicon wafer by spin coating or spray coating.
  • a preferred method for removing the substrate is: using water or an aqueous solution containing an acid, a base, a salt or the like to impregnate the carbon nanotube film from the substrate, and then transferring the carbon nanotube film to the patterned polydimethylene. Above the silicone film.
  • the film having the carbon nanotube film on the surface is repeatedly immersed in deionized water to remove the surfactant, and then dried to a concentration of 3-8 M.
  • the carbon nanotube film was treated with a strong acid for 0.1-24 h.
  • the strong acid may be any one or a mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid.
  • the SEM photograph of the single-walled carbon nanotubes adhered to the polydimethylsiloxane film shows that the single-walled carbon nanotubes are interwoven and adhere well to the polydimethylsiloxane. Film surface.
  • a conductive material is used as an electrode, generally a silver paste or a silver paste, or a gas electrode made by a method such as steaming or ion sputtering, such as gold, silver, copper, aluminum, or the like.
  • the resistance value of the resistive sensor is measured at an operating voltage of IV and in an air atmosphere of 110-12 (3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ , at a time point of 30 seconds, 60 seconds, 90 seconds, respectively, correspondingly applying 60 Pa, After a pressure of 120 Pa. 180 Pa, the resistance value drops rapidly. For example, when a pressure of 60 Pa is applied, the resistance value rapidly drops to 95-105 kQ. The results show that the resistance sensor has high sensitivity and short response time.
  • the positive effect of the invention is that the piezoresistive electronic skin uses a carbon nanotube film as a conductive layer and polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl alcohol, poly Vinyl formal, polyethylene and other materials are flexible substrates, which make the substrate highly flexible and flexible, and have low operating voltage, low power consumption, high sensitivity and short response time. More importantly, in the present invention, the patterned flexible substrate is used as the substrate, which increases the amount of contact resistance and greatly improves the sensitivity of the electronic skin to small external forces.
  • the template used in the patterning process is a soft template such as cloth or silk which is easy to use without any complicated micro-machining process and is inexpensive, which effectively improves the practicality of the piezoresistive electronic skin and greatly reduces the piezoresistive electronic skin. manufacturing cost.
  • this embodiment provides a capacitive electronic skin.
  • the capacitive electronic skin in this embodiment includes a flexible supporting layer 1, a flexible sensitive layer 2 formed on the upper surface of the supporting layer 1, and upper surface of the sensitive layer 2 and the lower surface of the supporting layer 1, respectively.
  • the upper electrode layer 3 and the power down The electrode of the pole layer 4 is formed by an evaporation method, a sputtering method, or a chemical deposition method.
  • the material of the sensitive layer 2 is preferably PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane), and the material of the sensitive layer 2 may also be other polymer materials, such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polychlorinated chlorine.
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • PVF polyvinyl fluoride
  • Ethylene (PVC) polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), nylon (Nylon), polycarbonate ( A combination of one or more of PC), polyurethane (PU), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET, PETE) or polymeric rubber materials. .
  • At least one of the upper surface and the lower surface of the sensitive layer 2 is a non-planar structure. Further, at least one of the upper surface and the lower surface of the upper electrode layer 3 is a non-planar structure, and/or at least one of the upper surface and the lower surface of the lower electrode layer 4 is a non-planar structure.
  • the upper surface of the sensitive layer 2 is a non-planar structure, preferably a plurality of protruding polygonal pushers 21, and the bottom surface of each of the polygonal pushers 21 is a square of 10 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , side and bottom surfaces
  • the angle is 54.7° and the height of the polygonal pusher is 7.06 ⁇ m.
  • the shape of the upper surface of the sensitive layer 2 may also be other non-planar structures such as waves.
  • the lower surface of the sensitive layer 2 can also be provided in a non-planar shape, and accordingly, the lower surface of the sensitive layer 2 also needs to be provided with a layer of an electrode.
  • At least one side of the sensitive layer 2 has a pattern formed by pouring polydimethylsiloxane onto a template.
  • the template is a microstructured silicon substrate, a microstructured glass substrate, a microstructured metal substrate, a microstructured plastic substrate, a cloth, a silk product, or a microstructured biological organ. Any one.
  • the support layer 1 is preferably a highly transparent and highly flexible ultra-thin PE (polyethylene) film, preferably having a thickness of 12 ⁇ m.
  • the support layer material may also be selected from a combination of one or more of a highly transparent and highly flexible polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film and a polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) film.
  • PVC highly transparent and highly flexible polyvinyl chloride
  • PVDC polyvinylidene chloride
  • the material of the upper electrode layer 3 and the lower electrode layer 4 is selected from a combination of one or more of gold, platinum, nickel, silver, indium, copper, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and silver nanowires.
  • the overall thickness of the support layer 1 and the sensitive layer 2 is less than 70 ⁇ m, and the ultra-thin electronic skin has the same softness as human skin and is light in weight and can directly adhere to the skin. At the same time, it is wearable.
  • a template having a microstructure (preferably a 4-inch silicon wafer) is fabricated by photolithography, etching, or the like in the MEMS processing and manufacturing technology.
  • the surface of the silicon wafer is first cleaned, then spin-coated, pre-baked, photolithographic, developed, post-baked, and finally transferred to the silicon wafer by etching to obtain a template having a microstructure, and the specific preparation method as follows:
  • the micro pattern is preferably a pyramid structure, and the bottom of the tower is a square of ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ The angle between the side and the bottom is 54.7°, and the distance from the top of the tower to the bottom is 7.06 ⁇ ⁇ .
  • the silicon wafer adopts 4 inch single-side polishing, single-sided 300nm thermal oxidation of SiO2 layer silicon wafer, MOS grade acetone and deionized water respectively for 15 minutes, then MOS grade ethanol is ultrasonicated for 10 minutes, then dried, then baked at 105 °C. Dry for 10 minutes.
  • pre-bake pre-bake at 95 °, 210 seconds
  • post-baking post-baking 95 °, 180 seconds. 4, the graphics transfer to the silicon wafer
  • the plasma stripper removes the photoresist film remaining after development
  • dry etching using reactive ion etching (RIE) to remove the patterned SiO 2 layer, time 6 minutes;
  • RIE reactive ion etching
  • a thin layer of organic (trimethylchlorosilane or perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane) molecular layer on the surface of the template ensures that the PDMS film and template on the surface of the silicon wafer can be completely intact. Separation.
  • a support layer may be formed on the sensitive layer after the step S3; then the lower electrode plate is prepared on the lower surface of the support layer. Further, a film of a highly transparent and highly flexible ultra-thin ruthenium (polyethylene) film (preferably having a thickness of 12 ⁇ m) is formed on the surface of the film without bubbles (including bubbles and slits).
  • the liquid polymer PDMS film After heating in a vacuum environment (preferably at a temperature of 65 to 75 ° C) for a period of time (preferably 2 to 3 hours), the liquid polymer PDMS film is completely cured, and when the support layer is present, the PE film is simultaneously Completely integrated, the cured polymer film is peeled off from the surface of the silicon wafer template, and the micropattern on the silicon wafer template is overlaid onto the PDMS flexible film to prepare a film having a pyramid-shaped microstructure.
  • the overall thickness of the film is ⁇ 70 4 111, as shown in FIG.
  • the upper and lower surfaces of the film are respectively coated (such as evaporation, chemical deposition, etc., and the present invention is preferably vapor-deposited) with an ultra-thin nano-conductive film (the preferred purity of the present invention is 99.9999% of Au particles, vapor-deposited Au conductive film).
  • an ultra-thin flexible conductive electronic skin having a plurality of sensitive sites is formed.
  • a flexible electrode such as a pressure-sensitive adhesive, a solder joint, etc., preferably a pressure-sensitive adhesive
  • a flexible electrode for example, a 0.1 mm enameled wire, 20 ⁇ m thick and pressed
  • a sensitive layer may be formed on the lower surface of the lower electrode layer after the step S5.
  • the template may be any one of a microstructured silicon substrate, a glass substrate, a metal substrate, a cloth, a silk product, or a biological organ having a microstructure.
  • the organic solvent may be methanol, ethanol or ethylene glycol.
  • One or both sides of the obtained polydimethylsiloxane film were placed under oxygen plasma for 1-60 minutes.
  • the polydimethylsiloxane film may also be a polymer material, and may be selected from, but not limited to, any one or two of polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl formal, and polyethylene. More than one combination.
  • the preparation process of the electronic skin is specifically:
  • S11-S13 is the same as step S1 and S3 in this embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • An Au electrode having a thickness of 200 nm is formed by ion sputtering on a highly transparent and highly flexible ultra-thin PE (polyethylene) film (preferably 12 ⁇ m thick).
  • the Au conductive surface of the PE film containing the Au electrode is bonded to the liquid polymer film formed by the above S3, and heated in a vacuum environment (preferably at a temperature of 65 to 75 ° C) for a period of time (preferably 2) ⁇ 3h) After the above liquid polymer PDMS film is completely cured, and the PE film is completely integrated, the cured polymer film is peeled off from the surface of the silicon wafer template, thereby applying the silicon wafer template.
  • the upper micropattern was overlaid onto a PDMS flexible film to prepare a film having a pyramidal microstructure.
  • the current international competition in the information industry has increasingly become a competition for science and technology.
  • the speech recognition industry has been a strategic and forward-looking and important emerging technology industry has always been the focus of attention in the scientific and industrial circles at home and abroad.
  • the invention proposes to use a micro-nano sensor to collect the vibration signal generated by the vocal cords during the pronunciation, instead of capturing the propagation signal of the speech in the air through the acquisition module like the traditional speech recognition technology.
  • the vibration signal is preamplified and filtered, and the feature signal is extracted and analyzed by time domain analysis and frequency domain analysis. A simple, feasible and systematic vibration signal identification method is obtained, and the recognition result is finally displayed.
  • the invention is innovative on the basis of the traditional speech recognition technology, mainly focusing on the acquisition mode and the extraction device of the speech signal, and has the advantages of synchronous recognition, high recognition rate, small volume and convenient carrying, and at the same time, due to the use of flexible film materials,
  • the device can be easily integrated into a wearable electronic device.
  • the voice recognition system includes an electronic skin 101, a data processing module 102, and a display module 103.
  • the electronic skin 101 includes piezoresistive electronic skin and capacitive electronic skin.
  • the piezoresistive or capacitive electronic skin is used to collect the vibration signal of the vocal cord; the data processing module 102 filters and amplifies the collected vibration signal, and extracts the characteristic signal, and uses time domain analysis or frequency domain analysis. The feature signal is analyzed and identified, and the recognition result is displayed by the display module 103.
  • the piezoresistive electronic skin in the embodiment can use the piezoresistive electronic skin disclosed in the first embodiment.
  • the specific structure please refer to the embodiment 1, which will not be described in detail herein;
  • the capacitive electronic skin disclosed in Embodiment 3 refer to Embodiment 3, which will not be described in detail herein.
  • the sensor capacitance changes due to the vibration of the vocal cord, and the background noise signal is filtered out by the filtering device in the circuit to obtain an effective pulse wave signal.
  • the amplifying circuit amplifies the signal and then transmits the signal to the receiving device on the display by wireless Bluetooth, Zigbee mode or Wifi mode transmitting technology to display the sound band vibration wave synchronously on the display.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the result of the voice recognition using the capacitive electronic skin. According to the detection result of FIG. 11, it can be known that the capacitive electronic skin provided by the present invention has high sensitivity to voice test, and the recognition effect of the voice recognition system is better.
  • the embodiment of the invention discloses a speech recognition method, which comprises:
  • the feature signal is analyzed and identified by time domain analysis or frequency domain analysis, and the recognition result is displayed through the display module.
  • the voice recognition method disclosed in this embodiment can detect the signal by using the voice recognition system described in Embodiment 5. Due to the sensitivity of the piezoresistive or capacitive electronic skin itself and the portability of the speech recognition system, the feasibility and practicability of the speech recognition method are greatly improved, and the speech recognition efficiency is improved.
  • a pulse detection system is provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the pulse detection system includes an electronic skin 201, a filter circuit 202, an amplification circuit 203, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit 204, and a display device 205.
  • the electronic skin 201 includes a piezoresistive electronic skin or a capacitive electronic device. skin.
  • the electronic skin in the embodiment may be: a piezoresistive electronic skin disclosed in the above embodiment 1, or a capacitive electronic skin disclosed in the above embodiment 3.
  • a piezoresistive electronic skin disclosed in the above embodiment 1 or a capacitive electronic skin disclosed in the above embodiment 3.
  • a capacitive electronic skin disclosed in the above embodiment 3 For the specific structure, please refer to the above. Embodiments are not described in detail herein.
  • the blood flow from the ventricle into the aorta spreads from the aortic root along the arterial line in the form of waves. And formed.
  • the wearable pulse detecting device is placed at the pulse, the piezoresistive or capacitive electronic skin will automatically acquire the pulse with good integrity, small distortion, stable baseline, moderate amplitude pulse beat signal, and electronic skin output.
  • the signal filtering circuit 202 filters out the background noise signal to obtain an effective pulse wave signal, and the signal is amplified by the amplifying circuit and sent to the ADC circuit 203 (further including the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 204) for conversion, and then uses the wireless Bluetooth transmission technology and the Zigbee technology. Or Wifi technology transmits a signal to a receiving device on display device 205 to display the pulse wave on the display in real time.
  • the communication between the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 204 and the display device 205 can also use GPRS (General Packet Radio Service), GSM (Global System of Mobile communication), WLAN (Wireless Local). Area Networks, Wireless Office i or Network), CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access), TV communication network, Zigbee technology or Wifi technology or other telecommunications networks. It is easily conceivable that the analog to digital conversion circuit 204 and the display device 205 can also be connected by wire.
  • GPRS General Packet Radio Service
  • GSM Global System of Mobile communication
  • WLAN Wireless Local Area Networks, Wireless Office i or Network
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
  • TV communication network Zigbee technology or Wifi technology or other telecommunications networks. It is easily conceivable that the analog to digital conversion circuit 204 and the display device 205 can also be connected by wire.
  • the pulse detection system provided by the embodiment has the beneficial effects of: using the piezoresistive electronic skin or the capacitive electronic skin described above, which has the advantages of being non-toxic and having good biocompatibility, so that it can be combined with human skin. Integration into one, giving users a superb user experience; at the same time, sensitive materials that make up the electronic skin have a unique nanostructure that makes the pulse detection system more sensitive and stable, and the whole system is light, flexible and easy to carry. And the production cost is low, so the utility is stronger.
  • the pulse-resistance electronic skin of Embodiment 1 is used, or the pulse signal is collected by using the capacitive electronic skin described in Embodiment 3; and the collected pulse signal is filtered to obtain an effective pulse signal;
  • the signal from the analog to digital conversion circuit is displayed by the display device.
  • the pulse signal can be detected by the pulse detecting system described in Embodiment 7.
  • the sensor capacitance changes due to the pulse of the pulse, and then the background noise signal is filtered out by the filter circuit to obtain an effective pulse wave signal, and the signal is amplified and sent to the ADC circuit through the amplifying circuit.
  • the wireless Bluetooth transmitting technology is used to transmit the signal to the receiving device on the display to display the pulse wave on the display in real time.
  • This embodiment provides a variety of new uses for electronic skin in different fields.
  • the electronic skin of the present invention can be used for detecting physiological signals of the human body, including human body pulse beat, heart beat, tension detection, B-bar ball pressure, throat muscle group vibration caused by speech, and contact or non-contact vibration.
  • physiological signals of the human body including human body pulse beat, heart beat, tension detection, B-bar ball pressure, throat muscle group vibration caused by speech, and contact or non-contact vibration.
  • the P peak, the T peak, and the D peak in the pulse can be accurately distinguished, and the pulse beat of the human body includes the beating of various parts of the human body due to the beat of the artery.
  • the electronic skin has potential applications in blood pressure, breathing, medical robots, built-in mirror robot systems, and surgical robots' perception and protection of human organs.
  • the electronic skin includes: a piezoresistive electronic skin as in Embodiment 1, or a capacitive electronic skin as described in Embodiment 3, the structure of which is omitted here.
  • the prepared piezoresistive/capacitive electronic skin is placed on the wrist, and the pulse signal of the human body can be detected by real-time measurement of the current signal at a voltage of 2V.
  • a wrist pulse waveform measured by a piezoresistive electronic skin can be obtained.
  • Figure 14 is a typical plot of a single peak of a pulse waveform measured using the piezoresistive electronic skin of the present invention. The results show that the device can not only realize real-time, fast and accurate measurement of human pulse signal, but also accurately distinguish P peak, T peak and D peak in human pulse wave.
  • pulse waveforms are related to the body's heart beat frequency, heart motion pattern, and blood viscosity. Precise diagnosis of human diseases can be achieved by accurate detection of the pulse wave.
  • the device is used to measure the pulse at the wrist and is only an example. It can also be used to measure arterial beats in other parts of the body in real time, such as the neck and head.
  • Piezoresistive/capacitive electronic skin for speech recognition The prepared piezoresistive/capacitive electronic skin is placed on the neck, and the human voice can be recognized by real-time measurement of the current signal at a voltage of 2V.
  • a piezoresistive electronic skin to detect sound As shown in Fig. 15, it is a real-time It curve obtained when the testee says hello.
  • the vibration of the vocal cord causes skin vibration, which causes the resistance value of the device to change, and the current passing through the device changes. This establishes the relationship between sound and current.
  • the waveforms of different sounds and their variations can be measured by several physical quantities.
  • a second detection map for speech recognition using the piezoresistive electronic skin of the present invention As shown in Fig. 16, the piezoresistive electronic skin space is placed above the sound, and the device vibrates with the sound waves emitted from the sound. Therefore, the current value in the device changes. And a vibration curve corresponding to a current can be achieved.
  • the piezoresistive/capacitive electronic skin of the present invention is applied to tension detection.
  • the prepared piezoresistive/capacitive electronic skin is applied to the tension detection, and the flexible, piezoresistive/capacitive electronic skin is precisely controlled by the high-precision stepping platform to generate deformation under external tension.
  • the dielectric layer thickness, electrode area, and structure of the piezoresistive/capacitive electronic skin are changed, thereby changing the resistance value or capacitance value of the electronic skin device.
  • a response map of the capacitive electronic skin to detect the external tension can be obtained.
  • the capacitive device has a high sensitivity signal output in the range of 0.5% to 50%. Due to the high scalability of PDMS, the device-shaped variables detectable by piezoresistive/capacitive electronic skin can be in the range of 0.01%-200% after optimizing the related materials.
  • the application of the electronic skin of the present invention to a medical robot system realizes a touch sensing and protection function of a medical robot or a surgical robot to a human organ.
  • the electronic skin includes a piezoresistive electronic skin and a capacitive electronic skin, wherein the structure of the piezoresistive electronic skin is consistent with the piezoresistive electronic skin structure of the first embodiment; the structure of the capacitive electronic skin and the above implementation
  • the structure described in Example 3 is identical, and the description is omitted here.
  • a piezoresistive electronic skin for example, applying a piezoresistive electronic skin to an endoscopic robot makes the endoscopic robot have a sensing function and can detect a small external force.
  • the endoscopic robot system can sense its touch on the internal organs of the human body, and input the information to the control center of the endoscopic robot system, and the control center adjusts the posture and motion of the robot, thereby reducing The patient's pain and damage to organs in the body.
  • the use of the piezoresistive electronic skin of the present invention in a self-introduction endoscopic medical system can be utilized.
  • the endoscope robot's touch on the internal organs of the human body can be captured by the electronic skin accurately, in real time, and quickly.
  • the combination of the nanostructure and the novel nano material can realize the construction of the high sensitivity, low energy consumption, portability (wearable, attachable) sensing electronic skin device; and based on the piezoresistive electronic skin And the physical properties of capacitive electronic skin, research and development of new applications in different fields.
  • the piezoresistive electronic skin has high sensitivity to the external small force; the capacitive electronic skin can be applied to attachable electronic devices and systems to realize the acquisition of information such as sound and human physiological signals. .
  • piezoresistive electronic skin and ultra-thin capacitive electronic devices can be used to achieve real-time monitoring of human physiological signals (eg, pulse, heart rate, respiration, blood pressure, etc.), thereby achieving assessment of human health and pre-diagnosis of disease. .
  • human physiological signals eg, pulse, heart rate, respiration, blood pressure, etc.

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Abstract

一种压阻式电子皮肤及其制备方法和应用,所述压阻式电子皮肤采用碳纳米管薄膜为导电层(21,22)和具有微纳米图案的聚二甲基硅氧垸、聚苯二甲酸乙二醋、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯醇缩甲醛、聚乙烯等材质为基底,使得基底具有高柔性易弯曲等优点,且其工作电压低、功耗小、灵敏度高、响应时间短。采用图案化的柔性衬底(11,12)作为基体,提高了电子皮肤对外界微小作用力的灵敏度。还提供一种电容式电子皮肤及其制作方法。进一步地,还提供了压阻式或电容式电子皮肤在语音识别、脉搏检测、医学机器人等方面上的应用。

Description

电子皮肤及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明涉及传感器领域, 尤其涉及一种电子皮肤及其制备方法和应用。 背景技术
机器人, 作为人工智能的自动化器件, 越来越多的融入到人类的日常生活, 并在诸如高温、 高压、 排爆等危 险性行业代替了人类而执行相关工作。 目前的机器人系统已经通过各类传感器的集成, 实现了许多诸如人类的视 觉、 听觉和嗅觉功能。 但是, 如何像人类一样, 拥有敏感的触觉功能, 一直以来也是机器人系统所面临的挑战性 问题之一。 电子皮肤的诞生将给机器人系统带来了巨大的变化, 使得机器人可以从外界环境获得更多的信息。
自从 2004年东京大学首次提出 OFET电子皮肤以来, 日本和美国的部分研究组已经报道了基于有机场效应 晶体管型、 电容式和压阻式的电子皮肤被成功构筑, 但却各有利弊, 例如, 复杂的加工工艺和器件结构、 较大的 驱动电压、 较低的灵敏度、 刚性硅基材料的使用使得器件具有非透明和非柔性等特点也限制了器件的使用范围。 因此, 确有必要提供一种结构简单、 高灵敏度、 高精确度和耐用的人工电子皮肤。
随着谷歌眼镜、 苹果手表 iWatch等概念产品的不断出现, 可穿戴设备将带着高灵敏度、 低成本、 低功耗、 携带方便以及更加便捷的使用体验等优点进入公众的视野, 扩展着 PC与手机所不具有的功能。 通过和软硬件科 技的深度整合以及高度集成的智能终端,可穿戴设备在打造智能化个人生活的同时也进一步建设着智能城市乃至 智能世界, 因此将会给人类的生活方式和消费观念带来革命性的变革。 未来的可穿戴设备种类会有很多种可能, 但会与传感技术相结合, 并将人体作为一种输入或输出的方式, 最后通过其自身或通过手机 APP的方式连接互 联网, 最终实现人机智能交互。
具有纳米结构、超薄厚度、更轻重量、柔性接近人体皮肤的电子皮肤是构筑可穿戴器件最理想的材料。 目前, 最近世界公认的顶级学术期刊 Nature上报道了一种 OFET结构的超薄(2μπι )电子皮肤, 它比羽毛还轻, 而且揉 搓、 伸缩之后依然可用; 但是, 该皮肤由于 OFET的载流子迁移率低, 从而导致其具有工作电压高, 功耗大, 灵 敏度低的缺陷。
此外, 随着通信技术的快速发展和计算机科学技术的不断进步,语音识别是一项令人瞩目的高新智能人机交 互技术, 它涉及语音学、 发声机理学、 微电子技术、 计算机信息处理技术、 语音信号处理技术、 电路与系统以及 传感技术等多学科的综合性技术, 其应用已经成为一个具有竟争性的新兴高技术产业。
目前报道的语音识别技术大都是基于语音模板、 大词汇连续语音识别、 声学模型等方法。 然而, 这些传统的 语音识别技术面临很多问题, 比如在吵闹的环境、 口音或方言等不清晰的发音以及多人同时发音的情况下, 语音 输入效果差, 识别率不高, 甚至无法识别。存在以上问题的主要原因是传统的语音采集模块通过捕捉语音在空气 中的传播信号进行语音采集, 而外界的其他声源干扰会影响到采集的语音数据。
此外, 为了从脉搏波中提取人体的生理病理信息作为临床诊断和治疗的依据,近年来出现了众多脉搏监护仪 器, 如便携式电子血压计, 可以完成脉搏的测量。 但是这种便携式电子血压计利用微型气泵加压橡胶气囊, 每次 测量都需要一个加压和减压的过程, 存在体积庞大、 加减压过程会有不适、 脉搏检测的精确度低、 不能显示脉搏 波完整的波形等缺点。 再如一些大型脉搏检查仪(像法国的康普乐仪), 检测结果准确, 重复性好, 但主要用于 大型治疗和流行病学的研究中, 并且价格昂贵, 不适宜于家庭和大众化便携式医疗服务使用。
再者, 电子皮肤作为一种灵敏度极高的电子器件, 亟需开发其在不同的技术领域上的新应用, 以满足人们日 益提高的生存需求。 发明内容
本发明的目的之一是提供一种全新结构的压阻式电子皮肤, 其具有低成本、 低驱动电压、 高灵敏度、 快响应 时间、 高稳定性等优点。
为了达到上述目的, 本发明提供了一种压阻式电子皮肤, 其包括:
叠加的多个柔性衬底;
相邻柔性衬底接触表面上设置的导电层, 至少一个所述的导电层的接触面为非平面结构;
电性连接于所述导电层的导电极。 优选地, 至少一个所述柔性衬底采用聚二甲基硅氧烷薄膜, 或者, 至少一个所述柔性衬底的材料为聚偏二氟 乙烯(PVDF )、 聚氟乙烯(PVF )、 聚氯乙烯(PVC )、 聚乙烯(PE )、 聚丙烯(PP )、 聚苯乙烯( PS )、 聚甲基丙 烯酸甲酯(PMMA )、 聚氯乙烯(PVC )、 尼龙( Nylon)、 聚碳酸酯 ( PC )、 聚氨酯 (PU )、 聚四氟乙烯( PTFE )、 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET, PETE )或高分子橡胶材料一种或多种的组合。
进一步地, 当所述柔性衬底采用聚二甲基硅氧烷薄膜时, 所述聚二甲基硅氧烷薄膜的至少一面具有图案, 所 述图案的尺寸在 0.1-500 μ πι之间; 单位平方厘米内的所述图案数量在 1-1012之间。
优选地, 所述非平面结构形成于表面图案化的柔性衬底; 所述图案通过将所述聚二甲基硅氧烷倒入在一个模 板上固化而成;
所述模板为具有微结构的硅衬底、具有微结构的玻璃衬底、具有微结构的金属衬底、具有微结构的塑料衬底、 布料、 丝绸制品或具有微结构的生物体器官中的任意一种。
更进一步地,所述导电层表面粘接有有机高分子材料。其中,所述有机高分子材料为聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF )、 聚氟乙烯(PVF )、聚氯乙烯(PVC )、聚乙烯(PE )、聚丙烯(PP )、聚苯乙烯(PS )、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯( PMMA )、 聚氯乙烯(PVC )、 尼龙(Nylon)、 聚碳酸酯 ( PC )、 聚氨酯 (PU )、 聚四氟乙烯( PTFE )、 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇 酯(PET, PETE )、 PDMS、 或高分子橡胶材料中的一种或多种的组合。
为了达到上述目的, 本发明还提供了一种压阻式电子皮肤的制备方法, 步骤如下:
51、 制备两图案化的柔性衬底;
52、 制备导电层溶液, 并分别涂覆至两柔性衬底带有图案的表面, 形成导电层, 将带有图案的导电层的一侧 面对面组装, 形成导电层相互接触的薄膜器件;
53、 使用导电材料分别在两导电层上形成上、 下导电极, 并从导电极上引出导线, 得到压阻式电子皮肤。 优 选地, 所述导电层溶液为碳纳米管溶液, 所述导电层为碳纳米管薄膜。
与现有技术相比,本发明实施例的积极效果在于: 该压阻式电子皮肤采用碳纳米管薄膜为导电层和聚二甲基 硅氧烷、 聚苯二甲酸乙二酯、 聚乙烯醇、 聚乙烯醇缩甲醛、 聚乙烯等材质为柔性衬底, 使得基底具有高柔性易弯 曲等优点, 且其工作电压低, 功耗小, 灵敏度高、 响应时间短。 更为重要的是, 本发明中采用图案化的柔性衬底 作为基体, 增加了接触电阻的数量, 极大的提高了电子皮肤对外界微小作用力的灵敏度。 同时, 其图案化过程所 选用的模板为无需任何复杂微加工过程、 唾手可得而又价格低廉的布料或丝绸等软模板, 提高了方案的实用性、 节约了材料资源和 P争低了压阻式电子皮肤的生产成本。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种电容式电子皮肤及其制作方法,可以解决现有技术中工作电压高、功耗大以 及灵敏度低的问题。
为实现上述目的, 本发明提供如下技术方案:
本发明公开了一种电容式电子皮肤, 包括柔性的敏感层, 所述敏感层的上表面和下表面至少之一为非平面结 构, 所述敏感层的上表面和下表面上分别形成有上电极层和下电极层。优选地, 所述上电极层的上表面和下表面 至少之一为非平面结构, 和 /或所述下电极层上表面和下表面至少之一为非平面结构。
进一步地, 所述敏感层的至少一面具有图案, 所述图案通过将聚二甲基硅氧烷倒入在一个模板上制作而成; 所述模板为具有微结构的硅衬底、具有微结构的玻璃衬底、具有微结构的金属衬底、具有微结构的塑料衬底、 布料、 丝绸制品或具有微结构的生物体器官中的任意一种。
优选地, 所述敏感层的材质为聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS ), 厚度范围为 2 ~ 50 μ πι。 或者, 所述敏感层的材质 为高分子材料,所述的高分子材料选自聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF )、聚氟乙烯(PVF )、聚氯乙烯(PVC )、聚乙烯(PE )、 聚丙烯(PP )、 聚苯乙烯(PS )、 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA )、 聚氯乙烯(PVC )、尼龙(Nylon)、 聚碳酸酯(PC )、 聚氨酯(PU )、 聚四氟乙烯(PTFE )、 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET, PETE )或高分子橡胶材料的一种或多种的 组合。
相应的, 本发明还公开了一种电容式电子皮肤的制作方法, 包括:
51、 制作可形成所述非平面结构的模板;
52、 在模板表面形成一层有机物分子层;
53、 在有机物分子层上形成敏感层;
54、 热处理, 将固化后的敏感层从模板上剥离; S5、 分别于敏感层的上表面以及下表面形成上电极层和下电极层。
与现有技术相比, 本发明的优点在于: 本发明的电容式电子皮肤与新型微纳传感技术相融合, 由于使用了无 毒且生物相容性很好的超薄弹性薄膜材料,故能很好的和人体皮肤融为一体,构筑成可穿戴式器件能带来超好的 用户体验感; 同时由于敏感材料独特的纳米结构使得该设备具有的灵敏度更高、稳定性更好; 加上整个器件轻小 灵巧具有携带方便的优点。
本发明的电容式电子皮肤有效的避免了载流子迁移率低的问题, 因而工作电压很低(一般是 2V ),功耗也小; 同时具有独特的微结构使该器件灵敏度很高。
本发明还公开了压阻式电子皮肤和电容式电子皮肤分别在人体脉搏跳动、 心脏跳动、 张力检测、 呼吸、 眼球 压力、喉部肌肉群震动、语音识别、运动引起的身体肌肉和表皮的运动、血压、 医用机器人、 内窥镜机器人系统、 外科手术机械手对人体器官的触碰感知和保护上的应用。
本发明的再一目的在于提供一种分别基于压阻式电子皮肤或电容式电子皮肤的语音识别系统和方法,以解决 现有技术中语音输入效果差、 识别率不高的问题。
为实现上述目的, 本发明提供下列技术方案:
本发明还公开了一种语音识别系统, 包括:
上述的压阻式电子皮肤, 所述压阻式电子皮肤包括: 叠加的多个柔性衬底; 相邻柔性衬底接触表面上设置的 导电层, 至少一个所述的导电层的接触面为非平面结构; 以及, 电性连接于所述导电层的导电极;
数据处理模块, 接收来自压阻式电子皮肤的信号并将处理后的信号发送至显示模块;
显示模块, 接收并显示来自数据处理模块的信号。
本发明还公开了又一种语音识别系统, 包括:
电容式电子皮肤, 所述的电容式电子皮肤包括柔性的敏感层, 所述敏感层的上表面和下表面至少之一为非平 面结构, 所述敏感层的上表面和下表面上分别形成有上电极层和下电极层;
数据处理模块, 接收来自电容式电子皮肤的信号并将处理后的信号发送至显示模块;
显示模块, 接收并显示来自数据处理模块的信号。
本发明还公开了一种语音识别方法, 包括;
利用上述的压阻式电子皮肤采集声带的振动信号, 或者, 采用上述的电容式电子皮肤采集声带的振动信号; 对采集的振动信号进行滤波、 放大, 并提取特征信号;
采用时域分析法或频域分析法对特征信号进行分析识别, 并将识别结果通过显示模块显示。
本发明的再一目的在于提供一种分别基于压阻式电子皮肤或电容式电子皮肤的脉搏检测系统和方法,以解决 现有技术中存在的器件体积庞大、 能耗高、 精确度低、 价格昂贵, 不能显示脉搏波完整的波形等技术问题。
为解决以上技术问题, 本发明进一步提供下列技术方案:
一方面, 本发明公开了一种脉搏检测系统, 包括:
以上任一项所述的压阻式电子皮肤; 或者, 以上任一项所述的电容式电子皮肤;
滤波电路, 对来自所述压阻式或电容式电子皮肤的信号进行滤波, 获得有效的脉搏信号;
放大电路, 将所述有效的脉搏信号放大后送至模数转换电路;
显示装置, 接收并显示来自模数转换电路的信号。
优选地, 所述模数转换电路通过蓝牙方式、 Zigbee方式或 Wifi方式与显示装置之间通信。
另一方面, 本发明还公开了一种脉搏检测方法, 包括:
利用以上所述的压阻式电子皮肤或电容式电子皮肤对脉搏信号进行采集;
对采集到的脉搏信号进行滤波, 获得有效的脉搏信号;
将所述有效的脉搏信号进行放大后送至模数转换电路;
通过显示装置显示来自模数转换电路的信号。 与现有技术相比, 本发明的优点在于:
本发明的压阻式电子皮肤或电容式电子皮肤与新型微纳传感技术相融合,由于使用了无毒且生物相容性很好 的超薄弹性薄膜材料, 故能很好的和人体皮肤融为一体, 构筑成可穿戴式器件, 能带来超好的用户体验感; 同时 由于敏感材料独特的纳米结构使得该设备具有的灵敏度更高、稳定性更好; 加上整个器件轻小灵巧, 具有携带方 便、 成本低的优点。 而基于上述压阻式电子皮肤或电容式电子皮肤获得的语音识别系统和方法, 解决了现有技术 中语音检测效果差、 识别率低的技术问题, 具有同步识别、 识别率高、 体积小、 携带方便等优点。 此外, 基于上 述压阻式电子皮肤或电容式电子皮肤获得的脉搏检测系统和方法,解决了现有技术中存在的体积庞大、加减压过 程会有不适、 脉搏检测的精确度低、 不能显示脉搏波完整的波形或价格昂贵等问题, 具有灵敏度高、 稳定性好、 能耗低、 器件轻小灵巧并可穿戴等优点。 附图说明
图 1是本发明一较佳实施例的压阻式电子皮肤的结构示意图;
图 2为本发明制备方法的流程图;
图 3为具有微图案的聚二甲基硅氧烷薄膜的 SEM图片;
图 4为单壁碳纳米管薄膜的 SEM图片;
图 5为本发明实施例的压力与电阻变化的示意图;
图 6所示为本发明具体实施例中电容式电子皮肤的剖视图;
图 7所示为本发明具体实施例中硅晶片模板的 SEM图;
图 8所示为由图 7所示模板制作的 PDMS柔性薄膜的 SEM图;
图 9所示为本发明具体实施例中所获得电容式电子皮肤对作用力的响应图;
图 10所示为本发明具体实施例中语音识别系统的示意图;
图 11所示为利用本发明电容式电子皮肤对语音识别的检查结果示意图;
图 12所示为本发明具体实施例中脉搏检测系统的示意图;
图 13为利用本发明的压阻式电子皮肤所测量的腕部脉搏波形图;
图 14为利用本发明的压阻式电子皮肤所测量的单个脉搏波形图;
图 15为利用本发明的压阻式电子皮肤进行语音识别的第一个检测图;
图 16为利用本发明的压阻式电子皮肤进行语音识别的第二个检测图;
图 17为电容式电子皮肤对外界张力进行检测的响应图;
图 18为压阻式电子皮肤在应用于内藏镜医疗系统的对作用力的信号捕捉图。 具体实施方式
下面将结合附图以及具体实施例来对本发明作进一步详细说明。
实施例 1
该实施例揭示了一种压阻式电子皮肤, 其包括: 叠加的多个柔性衬底; 相邻柔性衬底接触表面上设置的导电 层, 至少一个所述的导电层的接触面为非平面结构; 以及, 电性连接于所述导电层的导电极。
作为优选的实施例, 参看图 1 , 所述电子皮肤包括两柔性衬底 11、 12;
两导电层 21、 22, 分别涂覆在两柔性衬底 11、 12上, 两导电层 21、 22相互接触; 两导电极 31、 32, 分别 与两导电层 21、 22接触。
具体实施时, 每一个所述柔性衬底可采用多种不同的材料制成。
在一种可实现方式中, 至少一个所述柔性衬底采用聚二甲基硅氧烷薄膜, 所述聚二甲基硅氧烷薄膜的至少一 面具有微纳米图案, 所述图案的尺寸在 0.1-500 μ πι之间; 单位平方厘米内的所述图案数量在 1-1012之间。 在另 一种可实现方式中,至少一个所述柔性衬底的材料为聚偏二氟乙烯( PVDF )、聚氟乙烯( PVF )、聚氯乙烯( PVC )、 聚乙烯(PE )、 聚丙烯(PP )、 聚苯乙烯(PS )、 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA )、 聚氯乙烯( PVC )、 尼龙(Nylon)、 聚碳酸酯 (PC )、 聚氨酯 (PU )、 聚四氟乙烯(PTFE )、 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET, PETE )或高分子橡胶材 料一种或多种的组合。
在本实施例中, 所述图案优选通过将所述聚二甲基硅氧烷倒入在一个模板上固化而成, 具体地, 譬如在真空 中去气 1-30分钟, 并倒入在一个模板上制作而成; 所述模板优选为具有微结构的硅衬底、 具有微结构的玻璃衬 底、具有微结构的金属衬底、具有微结构的塑料衬底、布料、丝绸制品或具有微结构的生物体器官中的任意一种。 具体实施时,通过采用易于采购的材料来实现所述模板,可有效提高压阻式电子皮肤的实用性和大大降低压阻式 电子皮肤的制造成本。
所述导电层 21、 22包括碳纳米管薄膜, 所述碳纳米管薄膜主要由碳纳米管交织的网络组成。 所述碳纳米管 薄膜的透光率为 50%-97%, 方阻为 102-107Q/sq。 所述碳纳米管薄膜的厚度一般在 10nm-500nm左右, 是由单壁 碳纳米管、 双壁碳纳米管和多壁碳纳米管中的一种或者多种的复合所形成的, 其中, 所述单壁碳纳米管为金属性 单壁碳纳米管、 半导体性碳纳米管或同时含有金属性和半导体性碳纳米管的混合单壁碳纳米管。
所述碳纳米管薄膜, 也可以是经过氮或硼、 贵金属、 金属、 表面活性剂及有机高分子化合物等参杂或修饰的 碳纳米管薄膜。 所述碳纳米管可采用通过羟基 (-OH)、 羧基 (-COOH)、 氨基 (-NH2)功能化的碳纳米管、 高分子聚 合物功能化的碳纳米管、金属纳米粒子功能化的碳纳米管、金属氧化物功能化的碳纳米管及生物分子功能化的碳 纳米管。
所述导电层 21、 22还可以是铜、 银和金中的任意导电金属或半导体材料的一种或二种以上的组合。
优选地, 所述导电层表面粘接有有机高分子材料。
进一步地, 与所述柔性衬底的材料类比, 同样地, 所述有机高分子材料优选为聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF )、 聚氟 乙烯(PVF )、 聚氯乙烯(PVC )、 聚乙烯(PE )、 聚丙烯(PP )、 聚苯乙烯(PS )、 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA )、 聚氯乙烯(PVC )、 尼龙(Nylon)、 聚碳酸酯 ( PC )、 聚氨酯 ( PU )、 聚四氟乙烯( PTFE )、 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇 酯 (PET, PETE )、 PDMS、 或高分子橡胶材料中的一种或多种的组合。 其中, 所述高分子橡胶材料可包括但不 限于丁基橡胶、 顺丁橡胶、 氯丁橡胶、 三元乙丙橡胶、 丙烯酸酯橡胶、 聚氨酯橡胶。 在本实施例中, 通过选用不 同的材料并将其粘接在导电层的表面, 可增加导电层的敏感度和稳定性。
优选的, 在本发明实施例中, 可以在如图 1所示的导电薄膜层 21、 22中间增加一层 PVDF压电材料(不限 于 PVDF ), 可以提高器件的灵敏度和稳定性。
具体参照图 1的实施例, 导电极 31是与导电层 21连接而未和导电层 22连接, 导电极 32是与导电层 22连 接而未和导电层 21连接,具有微纳米图案的碳管薄膜只能分别与其中的一个导电极连接。此外,所述导电极 31、 32是采用金、 铂、 镍、 银、 铟、 铜、 碳纳米管和石墨烯中的任意一种材料或者二种以上材料的组合制成的。
在本实施例中, 两层图案化导电薄膜的对接方式, 即器件的封装方式对器件的稳定性有较大影响。 其中, 优 选的封装方式为将两层薄膜从外围四周粘接的方式, 最终形成稳固的类单层结构。
实施例 2
请参照图 2, 本发明还提供了一种压阻式电子皮肤的制备方法, 步骤如下:
Sl、 制备两图案化的柔性衬底, 其中至少一层为聚二甲基硅氧烷薄膜。
在 S1中, 所述聚二甲基硅氧烷薄膜是通过如下方法制备的, 包括步骤 S11和步骤 S12:
511、 将聚二甲基硅氧烷在真空中去气 1-30分钟, 并倒入在一个设有图案的模板上, 聚二甲基硅氧烷的厚度 在 0.1-3mm之间, 之后在 50-100°C的温度下加热 0.5小时以上固化成型;
512、 固化成型后的聚二甲基硅氧烷在有机溶剂中超声 5-30分钟后从模板上取下。
具体实施时, 所述模板可以是均具有微结构的硅衬底、 玻璃衬底、 金属衬底、 塑料衬底、 布料、 丝绸制品或 具有微结构的生物体器官; 所述有机溶剂可以是甲醇、 乙醇或乙二醇。 所述制得的聚二甲基硅氧烷薄膜的一面或 者两面放置于氧气等离子条件下, 作用 1-60分钟。 所述聚二甲基硅氧烷薄膜还可以是高分子材料, 可选自但不 限于聚偏二氟乙烯( PVDF )、 聚氟乙烯( PVF )、 聚氯乙烯( PVC )、 聚乙烯( PE )、 聚丙烯( PP )、 聚苯乙烯( PS )、 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯 (PMMA )、 聚氯乙烯(PVC )、 尼龙(Nylon)、 聚碳酸酯 ( PC )、 聚氨酯 (PU )、 聚四氟乙烯 ( PTFE )、 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯 (PET, PETE )、 PDMS、 或高分子橡胶材料中的一种或多种的组合。 其中, 所述高分子橡胶材料可包括但不限于丁基橡胶、 顺丁橡胶、 氯丁橡胶、 三元乙丙橡胶、 丙烯酸酯橡胶、 聚氨酯橡 胶。 在本实施例中, 所述微结构的密度为 (X x Y ) lines/cm2, 其中 1<X<106, 1<X<106。 其中, 微结构的密度 定义为在单位平方厘米面积上的密度。 高密度结构是指大于 44 771ines/cm2的密度结构; 低密度结构是指小于 27 38 lines/cm2 的密度结构。 在实施例中, 优选密度为 44 771ines/cm2, 理论上密度越大灵敏度越高。
在本实施例中, 使用微结构使得压阻式电子皮肤具有更好的性能输出, 灵敏度可达到 1.8KPa-l ,检测下限可 达到 0.6Pa, 响应时间可以到 10ms。 请参照图 3 , 为所制备的带有微纳米图案的聚二甲基硅氧烷薄膜的扫描电子 显微镜 ( SEM )照片, 说明聚二甲基硅氧烷薄膜上构筑了具有周期性微结构的图案。
52、 制备导电层溶液, 优选地, 所述导电层溶液为碳纳米管溶液; 所述导电层优选为碳纳米管薄膜; 并分别 涂覆至两柔性衬底带有图案的表面, 形成碳纳米管薄膜, 将带有图案的碳纳米管薄膜的一侧面对面组装, 形成碳 纳米管薄膜相互接触的薄膜器件。
在 S2中, 所述步骤 S2具体可以包括步骤 S21 S23 :
521、 将单壁和 /或双壁、 少壁、 多壁的碳纳米管加入含 lwt%-10wt%的表面活性剂的水溶液, 直至碳纳米管 浓度为 0.01-50mg/ml, 然后, 将该混合溶液超声预分散 lmin-10h, 形成碳纳米管分散液; 本实施方式中, 所述的 表面活性剂可采用常见的离子型或非离子型表面活性剂,优选采用离子型表面活性剂,本发明尤其优选采用但不 限于十二烷基磺酸钠和十二烷基苯磺酸钠等, 其浓度优选为 l-10wt%。
522、 对该碳纳米管分散液以 1000-20000rpm的速率离心处理 O. lh以上, 取上清液作为成膜前溶液;
523、 采用去离子水将成膜前溶液稀释 1-100倍, 然后, 将稀释的碳纳米管溶液使用喷笔均匀地喷涂至两柔 性衬底带有图案的表面, 形成碳纳米管薄膜, 将带有图案的碳纳米管薄膜的一侧面对面组装, 形成碳纳米管薄膜 相互接触的薄膜器件。需要说明的是,该碳纳米管薄膜的厚度和导电率可由所含碳纳米管的量喷涂的时间来决定。 碳纳米管的用量越高喷涂时间越长, 其强度越大, 导电性越好。 本实施方式中, 所述的成膜工序可采用真空抽滤 或旋涂、 喷涂、 印刷等常规成膜方式。 举例而言, 若采用喷涂成膜方式, 其方案具体为: 取稀释后的碳纳米管分 散液以 0.1-lpsi 的压力用喷笔喷涂在具有图案的聚二甲基硅氧烷薄膜上, 然后将薄膜放在加热炉上, 加热至 80-12CTC , 加快水分蒸发, 再用去离子水清洗碳纳米管薄膜中的残留表面活性剂, 便可制得附着于带有图案的聚 二甲基硅氧烷薄膜的碳纳米管薄膜。 若采用印刷、 涂覆等成膜方式, 其方案具体为: 采用旋涂、 喷涂等方式将稀 释后的碳纳米管分散液于具有玻璃、 云母、 硅片等具有平整表面的材料上成膜。 相应的, 去除该基底的较好方法 是: 采用水或含酸、 碱、 盐等的水溶液浸渍至碳纳米管薄膜从基底上脱落, 然后将该碳纳米管薄膜转移至图案化 的聚二甲基硅氧烷薄膜之上。
此外, 所述步骤 S23中在组装成薄膜器件之前, 采用去离子水多次浸泡所述表面有碳纳米管薄膜的薄膜, 用 以去除表面活性剂, 干燥后再以浓度为 3-8 M的强酸处理所述碳纳米管薄膜 0.1-24h。 本实施方式中, 强酸可以 是硝酸、 盐酸中的任意一种或混合。
请参照图 4, 为单壁碳纳米管粘附与聚二甲基硅氧烷薄膜上后的 SEM照片, 说明单壁碳纳米管相互交织, 很好的粘附于聚二甲基硅氧烷薄膜表面。
53、 使用导电材料分别在两碳纳米管薄膜上形成上、 下导电极, 并从导电极上引出导线, 得到压阻式电子皮 肤。
在 S3中, 导电材料作为电极, 一般是银浆或银胶, 也可以是通过蒸度或者离子溅射等方法做的气体电极, 如金, 银, 铜, 铝等。
请参照图 5, 在 IV的工作电压下、 空气氛围中, 测量该电阻式传感器的电阻值为 110-12(¾Ω, 在 30秒、 60 秒、 90秒的时间点上, 分别对应施加 60Pa、 120 Pa. 180 Pa的压力后, 电阻值快速下降, 例如当施加 60Pa的压 力后, 电阻值快速下降至 95-105kQ, 结果表明该电阻式传感器具有高灵敏度和很短的响应时间。
与现有技术相比,本发明的积极效果在于:该压阻式电子皮肤采用碳纳米管薄膜为导电层和聚二甲基硅氧烷、 聚苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯醇缩甲醛、聚乙烯等材质为柔性衬底,使得基底具有高柔性易弯曲等优点, 且其工作电压低, 功耗小, 灵敏度高、 响应时间短。 更为重要的是, 本发明中采用图案化的柔性衬底作为基体, 增加了接触电阻的数量, 极大的提高了电子皮肤对外界微小作用力的灵敏度。 同时, 其图案化过程所选用的模板 为无需任何复杂微加工过程、唾手可得而又价格低廉的布料或丝绸等软模板,有效提高压阻式电子皮肤的实用性 和大大降低压阻式电子皮肤的制造成本。
实施例 3
参看图 6所示, 本实施例提供了一种电容式电子皮肤。
具体地, 本实施例中的电容式电子皮肤包括柔性的支撑层 1、 形成于支撑层 1上表面的柔性的敏感层 2, 以 及分别形成于敏感层 2上表面和支撑层 1下表面的上电极层 3和下电极层 4。 优选地, 所述的上电极层 3和下电 极层 4电极是通过蒸镀方式、 溅射方式或化学沉积方式形成。
敏感层 2的材料优选为 PDMS (聚二甲基硅氧烷 ), 敏感层 2的材料还可以是其他高分子材料, 如聚偏二氟 乙烯(PVDF )、 聚氟乙烯(PVF )、 聚氯乙烯(PVC )、 聚乙烯(PE )、 聚丙烯( PP )、 聚苯乙烯( PS )、 聚甲基丙 烯酸甲酯(PMMA )、 聚氯乙烯(PVC )、 尼龙( Nylon)、 聚碳酸酯 ( PC )、 聚氨酯 (PU )、 聚四氟乙烯( PTFE )、 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET, PETE )或高分子橡胶材料中的一种或多种的组合。。
所述敏感层 2的上表面和下表面至少之一为非平面结构。进一步地, 所述上电极层 3的上表面和下表面至少 之一为非平面结构, 和 /或所述下电极层 4上表面和下表面至少之一为非平面结构。
优选地, 敏感层 2的上表面为非平面结构, 优选为多个凸伸的多棱推体 21 , 每个多棱推体 21的底面为 10 μ πι χ ΐθ μ πι的正方形, 侧面与底面的夹角为 54.7° , 多棱推体高度为 7.06 μ m
在其他实施例中, 敏感层 2上表面的形状也可以为波浪状等其他非平面结构。
易于想到的是, 敏感层 2的下表面也可以设置为非平面形状, 相应地, 敏感层 2的下表面也需要设置一层电 极层。
具体实施时, 所述敏感层 2的至少一面具有图案, 所述图案通过将聚二甲基硅氧烷倒入在一个模板上制作而 成。所述模板为具有微结构的硅衬底、具有微结构的玻璃衬底、具有微结构的金属衬底、具有微结构的塑料衬底、 布料、 丝绸制品或具有微结构的生物体器官中的任意一种。
支撑层 1优选为高透明高柔性的超薄 PE (聚乙烯 )薄膜, 其厚度优选为 12 μ m
PE薄膜作用在于帮助在硅晶片表面的图案化 PDMS膜与模板能完整轻易分离,同时作为衬底支撑 PDMS膜。 此外, 所述支撑层材料还可以选自高透明高柔性的聚氯乙烯(PVC )薄膜、 聚偏二氯乙烯(PVDC )薄膜中一种 或多种的组合。
上电极层 3和下电极层 4的材料选自金、 铂、 镍、 银、 铟、 铜、 碳纳米管、 石墨烯、 银纳米线中的一种或多 种的组合。
上述的电子皮肤, 支撑层 1和敏感层 2的整体厚度小于 70 μ πι,该超薄电子皮肤具备与人体皮肤相同的柔软 度, 重量也很轻, 可以直接与皮肤黏合。 同时具有可穿戴性。
实施例 4
本发明实施例提供的一种电容式电子皮肤的制作方法如下:
Sl、 制作可形成非平面结构的模板
本实施例利用 MEMS加工制造技术中的光刻、 刻蚀等工艺制作出具有微结构的模板(优选 4寸硅晶片)。 先 将硅晶圆表面进行洁净处理, 再旋涂光刻胶、 前烘、 光刻、 显影、 后烘, 最后利用刻蚀将图形转移到硅晶圆, 得 到具有微结构的模板, 具体制备方法如下:
1、 制板
通过设计 正后利用做图软件绘制图纸,单纯的增加图案的宽度和高度都有利于器件灵敏度的提高,但综合 后, 微图案优选为金字塔结构, 塔底面为 ΙΟ μ πι χ ΙΟ μ πι的正方形, 侧面与底面的 夹角为 54.7° , 塔顶到底面 的距离为 7.06 μ πι 。 按照图纸的尺寸去做掩模板。
2、 准备 4寸硅晶圆
硅晶圆采用 4寸单面抛光, 单面 300nm热氧化 Si02层硅晶圆, MOS级丙酮、 去离子水分别超声 15分钟, 然后 MOS级乙醇超声 10分钟后吹干, 接下来 105 °C烘干 10分钟。
3、 图形化光刻胶
a、 甩胶: 在准备好的 4寸硅晶圆表面旋涂 6-7um光刻胶, 优选 AZ4620, 预转速 500rpm 时间 6s, 旋涂转 速 400rpm 时间 30s ;
b、 前烘: 在 95° 下前烘, 210秒;
c、 曝光: 使用 MA6接触式光刻机, 在低真空模式下曝光 24 s;
d、 显影: 所用显影液的配比为四甲基氢氧化铵: 去离子水 =1 :8 , 显影时间 95 s;
e、 后烘: 后烘 95° , 180秒。 4、 图形转移至硅晶圆
a、 去胶: 等离子体去胶机去除显影后残留的光刻胶胶膜;
b、 干法刻蚀: 使用反应离子刻蚀 (RIE )去除图形化的 Si02层, 时间 6分钟;
c、 湿法定向刻蚀: 用 30% KOH溶液在 78°C下刻蚀 9分钟, 最终在硅晶圆表面形成反四棱锥结构, 参图 7 所示。
52、 在模板表面形成一层有机物分子层
在模板表面加工处理(如气相沉积或者熏涂)一层薄薄的有机物 (三甲基氯硅烷或者全氟辛基三氯硅烷)分 子层保证在硅晶片表面的 PDMS膜与模板的能完整轻易分离。
53、 在有机物分子层上形成敏感层
接着在有机物分子层上旋涂(优选转速在 3000r/min, 时间 30S ) —种透明的液体高分子聚合物 (如聚二甲 基硅氧烷, 优选引发剂和反应剂的配比量为质量比 1 : 10, )使之均匀形成一层很薄(优选厚度为 50 μ πι )的薄 膜。
作为优选的实施例, 可选地, 在所述步骤 S3后还可以在所述敏感层上形成一层支撑层; 然后所述下电极板 制备在所述支撑层的下表面。 再在上述薄膜表面无缝无气泡(有气泡、 缝隙的情况也包括在里面)地形成一层高 透明高柔性的超薄 ΡΕ (聚乙烯)薄膜(厚度优选为 12 μ m )。
54、 热处理, 将固化后的敏感层和支撑层从模板上剥离
再在真空环境下加热 (优选温度在 65 ~ 75°C )处理一段时间 (优选 2 ~ 3h )后等到上述液体高分子聚合物 PDMS薄膜完全固化, 当存在支撑层时, 其同时和 PE膜也完全融为一体, 接下来把固化的高分子聚合物薄膜从 硅晶片模板表面剥离下来, 从而就把硅晶片模板上的微图案复形到 PDMS柔性薄膜上制备出具有金字塔型微结 构的薄膜, 该薄膜整体厚度<70 4 111, 如图 8所示。
S5、 分别于敏感层的上表面以及下表面形成上电极层和下电极层
最后在薄膜的上下表面分别均勾涂覆(如蒸镀、 化学沉积等, 本专利优选蒸镀)一层超薄纳米导电膜(本发 明优选纯度为 99.9999%的 Au颗粒, 蒸镀 Au导电膜厚度为 lOOnm ), 此时就形成了具有多个灵敏位点的超薄柔 性导电电子皮肤。
接着在超薄柔性导电电子皮肤上下面的 Au纳米导电层上各引出 (如粘压、 焊接等, 本专利优选粘压)一条 柔性电极(如直径 0.1mm漆包线、 20 μ πι厚且带有压敏胶粘剂的扁平铜箔胶带、 柔韧超薄(ΙΟ μ πι厚)的铜箔, 本发明优选柔韧超薄的铜箔)。
最后旋涂(优选转速在 5000r/min, 时间 30S )—层 PDMS, 使之均匀形成一层很薄 (厚度 <10 μ πι )的 Au 导电层的保护层, 就构筑成了电容式超薄柔性电子皮肤。
可选地, 在所述步骤 S5后还可以在所述下电极层的下表面形成一层敏感层。
在本实施例中, 所述模板可以是具有微结构的硅衬底、 玻璃衬底、 金属衬底、 布料、 丝绸制品或具有微结构 的生物体器官中的任意一种。 所述有机溶剂可以是甲醇、 乙醇或乙二醇。 所述制得的聚二甲基硅氧烷薄膜的一面 或者两面放置于氧气等离子条件下, 作用 1-60分钟。 所述聚二甲基硅氧烷薄膜还可以是高分子材料, 可选自但 不限于聚苯二甲酸乙二酯、 聚乙烯醇、 聚乙烯醇缩甲醛和聚乙烯中的任意一种或二种以上的组合。
进一步地, 在一种可实现方式中, 当下电极层设置在支撑层上表面时, 电子皮肤的制备过程具体为:
S11-S13与本实施例步骤 S1 S3相同, 在此不再赘述;
514、 在高透明高柔性的超薄 PE (聚乙烯)薄膜(厚度优选为 12 μ πι )上通过离子溅射的方法形成厚度为 200nm的 Au电极。
515、 将包含有 Au电极的 PE薄膜的 Au导电面于上述 S3形成的液体高分子聚合物薄膜贴合, 并在真空环 境下加热 (优选温度在 65 ~ 75 °C )处理一段时间 (优选 2 ~ 3h )后等到上述液体高分子聚合物 PDMS薄膜完全 固化, 同时和 PE膜也完全融为一体, 接下来把固化的高分子聚合物薄膜从硅晶片模板表面剥离下来, 从而就把 硅晶片模板上的微图案复形到 PDMS柔性薄膜上制备出具有金字塔型微结构的薄膜。
516、 在 PDMS薄膜的微结构表面形成上电极。 最终形成电容式柔性超薄电子皮肤。
参见图 9所示, 由图中可以看出, 当器件受到压力后, 整个器件会被拉伸。 致使器件结构中的介电层会变薄 变大, 电容值随之变大; 当压力消失时, 整个器件就会收缩, 器件结构中的介电层会很快复原, 电容值随之减小, 这样就达到了基于本电容式结构的器件对压力的高灵敏度检测。
实施例 5
当前信息产业的国际竟争已经日益表现为对科学技术的争夺,语音识别行业作为战略性和前瞻性的重要新兴 技术产业一直是国内外科学界和产业界关注的焦点。本发明涉及一种新型语音识别技术及相应的装置,本发明提 出用微纳传感器采集发音时声带产生的振动信号,而不是像传统的语音识别技术通过采集模块捕捉语音在空气中 的传播信号, 再对振动信号进行放大、 滤波等预处理, 提取特征信号利用时域分析法、 频域分析法等识别分析, 从而得到一种简便、 可行、 系统的振动信号识别方法, 最后显示识别结果。
本发明在传统语音识别技术基础上进行了创新,主要集中在语音信号的采集方式和提取装置上,具有同步识 别, 识别率高, 体积简小且携带方便的优点, 同时由于使用柔性薄膜材料, 可以方便的将本器件整合成可穿戴电 子设备。
参看图 10所示, 本发明实施例中, 语音识别系统包括电子皮肤 101、 数据处理模块 102和显示模块 103。 具 体地, 所述电子皮肤 101包括压阻式电子皮肤和电容式电子皮肤。
具体实施时,压阻式或电容式电子皮肤用以采集声带的振动信号; 数据处理模块 102对采集的振动信号进行 滤波、 放大, 并提取特征信号, 采用时域分析法或频域分析法对特征信号进行分析识别, 并将识别结果通过显示 模块 103显示。
其中,本实施例中的压阻式电子皮肤可以利用上述实施例 1中公开的一种压阻式电子皮肤,其具体结构请参 考实施例 1 , 在此不再详细描述; 电容式电子皮肤可以利用上述实施例 3中公开的一种电容式电子皮肤, 其具体 结构请参考实施例 3 , 在此不再详细描述。
另外,上述的压阻式电子皮肤的制作方法可以参考上述实施例 2公开的一种压阻式电子皮肤的制作方法; 上 述的电容式电子皮肤的制作方法可以参考上述实施例 4公开的一种电容式电子皮肤的制作方法,在此不再详细描 述。
具体实施时, 对于电容式电子皮肤, 将器件放在声带上时, 由于声带的振动使传感器电容产生变化, 再借助 电路中的滤波装置将背景噪声信号滤掉就得到有效的脉搏波信号, 经放大电路将信号放大后利用无线蓝牙、 Zigbee方式或 Wifi方式发射技术将信号发射到显示器上的接收装置从而将发音时声带振动波同步的在显示器上 显示出来。
将器件粘贴在声带处, 当我们说话发音时声带会产生相应的振动, 传感器会自动收集振动信号, 经外电路的 转换识别后利用蓝牙发射到显示器上(优选 7寸 pad ), 显示器上的波形会根据发音的轻重、 长短等而出现振幅、 频率不同的波形。 具体地, 采用电容式电子皮肤对声音进行检查时, 参见图 11 , 为利用电容式电子皮肤对语音 识别的检查结果示意图。 根据图 11的检测结果, 可获知本发明提供的电容式电子皮肤对语音测试的敏感度高, 使得语音识别系统的识别效果较好。
实施例 6
本发明实施例公开了一种语音识别方法, 包括:
采用实施例 1的压阻式电子皮肤, 或者, 采用实施例 3所述的电容式电子皮肤采集声带的振动信号; 对采集的振动信号进行滤波、 放大, 并提取特征信号;
采用时域分析法或频域分析法对特征信号进行分析识别, 并将识别结果通过显示模块显示。
具体实施时,本实施例所公开的语音识别方法可采用实施例 5所述的语音识别系统对信号进行检测。 由于压 阻式或电容式电子皮肤本身的敏感性以及语音识别系统的便携性, 大大提高了语音识别方法的可行性与实用性, 并提高了语音识别效率。
实施例 7
参图 12所示, 本发明实施例中提供了一种脉搏检测系统。
具体地,脉搏检测系统包括电子皮肤 201、滤波电路 202、放大电路 203、模数转换电路 204和显示装置 205 在本实施例中, 所述的电子皮肤 201包括压阻式电子皮肤或电容式电子皮肤。
其中, 本实施例中的电子皮肤可以为: 上述实施例 1所公开的一种压阻式电子皮肤, 或者, 为上述实施例 3 中公开的一种电容式电子皮肤, 其具体结构请参考以上实施例, 在此不再详细描述。
脉搏是心脏周期性地收缩和舒张时,心室射入主动脉的血流以波的形式从主动脉根部出发沿动脉血管系传播 而形成的。 当把上述可穿戴式的脉搏检测器件放在脉搏处, 压阻式或电容式电子皮肤会自动采集到完整性好、 失 真小、基线稳定、振幅适中脉搏跳动信号, 电子皮肤输出的脉 # ^号经滤波电路 202将背景噪声信号滤掉就得到 有效的脉搏波信号, 经放大电路将信号放大送到 ADC电路 203 (进一步包括模数转换电路 204 )进行转换后利 用无线蓝牙发射技术、 Zigbee技术或 Wifi技术将信号发射到显示装置 205上的接收装置从而将脉搏波实时的在 显示器上显示出来。
模数转换电路 204和显示装置 205之间的通信还可以采用 GPRS ( General Packet Radio Service, 通用分组无 线月艮务技术)、 GSM ( Global System of Mobile communication, 全球移动通讯系统)、 WLAN ( Wireless Local Area Networks, 无线局 i或网络)、 CDMA ( Code Division Multiple Access )、 TDMA ( Time Division Multiple Access, 时 分多址)、 电视通信网络、 Zigbee技术或 Wifi技术或其他远程通讯网络。 易于想到的是, 模数转换电路 204和显 示装置 205之间还可以通过有线方式连接。
另外,上述的压阻式电子皮肤的制作方法可以参考上述实施例 2公开的一种压阻式电子皮肤的制作方法; 上 述的电容式电子皮肤的制作方法可以参考上述实施例 4公开的一种电容式电子皮肤的制作方法,在此不再详细描 述。
本实施例提供的脉搏检测系统, 其有益效果是: 由于采用了以上所述的压阻式电子皮肤或电容式电子皮肤, 其具有无毒且生物相容性良好的优点, 故能与人体皮肤融为一体, 给用户带来超好的用户体验感; 同时构成电子 皮肤的敏感材料因具有独特的纳米结构使得脉搏检测系统的灵敏度更高、稳定性更好, 整个系统轻小灵活、 易于 携带且制作成本低, 因此实用性更强。
实施例 8
本发明实施例公开的一种脉搏检测方法如下:
采用实施例 1的压阻式电子皮肤, 或者, 采用实施例 3所述的电容式电子皮肤对脉搏信号进行采集; 对采集到的脉搏信号进行滤波, 获得有效的脉搏信号;
将所述有效的脉搏信号进行放大后送至模数转换电路;
通过显示装置显示来自模数转换电路的信号。
具体的, 可采用实施例 7所述的脉搏检测系统对脉搏信号进行检测。 具体实施时, 将器件放在脉搏上时由于 脉搏的跳动使传感器电容产生变化,再借助滤波电路将背景噪声信号滤掉就得到有效的脉搏波信号, 经放大电路 将信号放大送到 ADC电路进行转换后利用无线蓝牙发射技术将信号发射到显示器上的接收装置从而将脉搏波实 时的在显示器上显示出来。
实施例 9
本实施例提供了多种关于电子皮肤在不同的领域上的新用途。
具体地, 本发明的电子皮肤可用于对人体生理信号的检测, 包括人体脉搏跳动、 心脏跳动、 张力检测、 B艮球 压力、说话引起的喉部肌肉群震动以及接触式或非接触式的震动引起的语音识别、运动引起的身体其他部位肌肉 和表皮的运动。 举例来说, 在用于对人体手腕部位脉搏跳动的检测时, 可精确分辨脉搏中的 P峰、 T峰和 D峰, 而所述人体脉搏跳动包括由于动脉跳动引起的人体各个部位的跳动。 进一步地, 该电子皮肤还在血压、 呼吸、 医 用机器人、 内藏镜机器人系统、 外科手术机械手对人体器官的触碰感知和保护上等方面有着潜在的应用。
在本实施例中, 所述的电子皮肤包括: 如实施例 1的压阻式电子皮肤, 或者, 如实施例 3所述的电容式电子 皮肤, 其结构在此省略描述。
下面通过四个具体的例子说明本发明的压阻式或电容式电子皮肤在多个领域上的新应用。
1 )压阻式 /电容式电子皮肤用于脉搏信号的检测
将所制备的压阻式 /电容式电子皮肤放置于手腕部位, 在 2V的电压下, 通过对电流信号的实时测量, 可实现 对人体脉搏信号的检测。 特别地, 采用压阻式电子皮肤对单个脉搏进行检测时, 如图 13所示, 可获得压阻式电 子皮肤所测量的腕部脉搏波形图。图 14为利用本发明的压阻式电子皮肤所测量的脉搏波形的单个峰的典型曲线。 结果表明, 该器件不仅可以实现对人体脉搏信号实时、 快速、 准确的测量, 而且可以精确分辨出人体脉搏波中的 P峰、 T峰和 D峰。 这些脉搏波型是与人体的心脏跳动频率、 心脏运动方式及血液粘度等信息有关。 通过该脉搏 波的准确检测可实现对人体疾病的前期诊断。该器件用于测量手腕部位的脉搏仅是一个实施例,也可以用来实时 测量身体其他部位的动脉跳动, 例如颈部和头部等部位。
2 )压阻式 /电容式电子皮肤用于语音识别 将所制备的压阻式 /电容式电子皮肤置于颈部, 在 2V的电压下, 通过对电流信号的实时测量, 可实现对人体 语音的识别。 譬如, 利用压阻式电子皮肤对声音检测时, 如图 15所示, 为当被测试者说 hello时所获得的实时 I-t 曲线。 当测试者说话时, 声带的振动会引起的皮肤振动, 从而导致器件的电阻值发生变化, 此时通过器件的电流 就会发生变化。这样就建立得到了声音与电流之间的关系。通过几种物理量的转化就可以测量得到不同的声音的 波形及其变化。 参看图 16, 为利用本发明的压阻式电子皮肤进行语音识别的第二个检测图。 如图 16所示, 将压 阻式电子皮肤隔空置于音响上方, 器件随着音响内发出的声波而振动。 所以器件中的电流值发生改变。 并且可以 达到一种声音振动对应一种电流的变化曲线。
3 )压阻式 /电容式电子皮肤在张力检测上的应用
本发明的压阻式 /电容式电子皮肤应用于张力检测。 具体实施时, 将所制备的压阻式 /电容式电子皮肤应用于 张力检测, 通过高精度步进平台精确控制柔性、 压阻式 /电容式电子皮肤在外界张力作用下产生形变。 在外界张 力作用力下, 使得压阻式 /电容式电子皮肤的介电层厚度、 电极面积、 及其结构发生改变, 进而改变电子皮肤器 件的电阻值或电容值。 具体地, 在采用电容式电子皮肤对张力进行检测时, 可获得电容式电子皮肤对外界张力进 行检测的响应图。 如图 17所示, 该电容式器件形变量在 0.5%至 50 %范围时, 可实现高灵敏度信号输出。 由于 PDMS有较高的可伸缩性,在优化相关材料后,压阻式 /电容式电子皮肤可检测到的器件形变量可在 0.01%—200% 范围内。
4 )压阻式 /电容式电子皮肤在医用机器人系统上的应用
本发明的电子皮肤在医用机器人系统上的应用,实现医用机器人或外科手术机械手对人体器官的触碰感知和 保护功能。 其中, 所述电子皮肤包括压阻式电子皮肤和电容式电子皮肤, 其中, 压阻式电子皮肤的结构与上述实 施例 1的压阻式电子皮肤结构一致; 电容式电子皮肤的结构与上述实施例 3所描述的结构一致, 在此省略描述。
譬如, 将压阻式电子皮肤应用于内窥镜机器人, 使得内窥镜机器人具有感知功能, 可以检测外界较小的作用 力。 当进行内窥检查时, 内窥镜机器人系统可以感知其对人体体内器官的触碰, 并将该信息输入至内窥镜机器人 系统的控制中心, 控制中心进而调整机器人的姿态和动作, 减小病人的疼痛和对人体体内器官的损伤。 具体地, 可将本发明的压阻式电子皮肤在自导入式内窥镜医疗系统上的应用。
参见图 18 , 为压阻式电子皮肤在应用于内窥镜医疗系统时, 内窥镜机器人对人体体内器官的触碰可被电子 皮肤准确、 实时、 快速的感知的信号捕捉图。
实施本发明实施例, 可通过纳米结构和新型纳米材料的结合, 实现高灵敏性、 低能耗、 便携性强 (可穿戴、 可贴附)感知电子皮肤器件的构筑; 并基于压阻式电子皮肤和电容式电子皮肤的物理特性, 研发其在不同领域上 的新应用。 其中, 在外界信息感知方面, 压阻式电子皮肤对外界微小作用力具有高灵敏度感知; 电容式电子皮肤 可应用于可贴附电子器件及系统, 以实现对声音、 人体生理信号等信息的获取。 因此, 压阻式电子皮肤和超薄电 容式电子器件可应用于实现对人体生理信号的实时监测 (例如, 脉搏, 心率, 呼吸, 血压等), 从而实现对人体 健康的评估和疾病的前期诊断。
需要说明的是,在本文中,诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或 操作区分开来, 而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。 而且, 术语 "包 括"、 "包含"或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含, 从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、 方法、 物品或者 设备不仅包括那些要素, 而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素, 或者是还包括为这种过程、 方法、 物品或者设备 所固有的要素。 在没有更多限制的情况下, 由语句 "包括一个 ... ... " 限定的要素, 并不排除在包括所述要素的过 程、 方法、 物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。 以上所述, 仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并非对本发明作 任何形式上的限制, 虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上, 然而并非用以限定本发明, 任何熟悉本专业的技术人 员,在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内, 当可利用上述揭示的技术内容作出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施 例, 但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容, 依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、 等同变化与 修饰, 均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种压阻式电子皮肤, 其特征在于, 包括:
叠加的多个柔性衬底;
相邻柔性衬底接触表面上设置的导电层, 至少一个所述的导电层的接触面为非平面结构;
电性连接于所述导电层的导电极。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的压阻式电子皮肤, 其特征在于: 至少一个所述柔性衬底采用聚二甲基硅氧烷薄膜。
3、 根据权利要求 1 所述的压阻式电子皮肤, 其特征在于: 至少一个所述柔性衬底的材料为聚偏二氟乙烯 ( PVDF ). 聚氟乙烯(PVF )、 聚氯乙烯(PVC )、 聚乙烯(PE )、 聚丙烯( PP )、 聚苯乙烯( PS )、 聚甲基丙烯酸 甲酯 (PMMA )、 聚氯乙烯(PVC )、 尼龙(Nylon)、 聚碳酸酯 ( PC )、 聚氨酯 ( PU )、 聚四氟乙烯( PTFE )、 聚 对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯 (PET, PETE )或高分子橡胶材料一种或多种的组合。
4、 根据权利要求 2所述的压阻式电子皮肤, 其特征在于: 所述聚二甲基硅氧烷薄膜的至少一面具有图案, 所述图案的尺寸在 0.1-500 μ πι之间; 单位平方厘米内的所述图案数量在 1-1012之间。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的压阻式电子皮肤, 其特征在于: 所述图案通过将所述聚二甲基硅氧烷倒入在一个 模板上固化而成;
所述模板为具有微结构的硅衬底、具有微结构的玻璃衬底、具有微结构的金属衬底、具有微结构的塑料衬底、 布料、 丝绸制品或具有微结构的生物体器官中的任意一种。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的压阻式电子皮肤, 其特征在于: 所述导电层包括碳纳米管薄膜, 所述碳纳米管薄 膜主要由碳纳米管交织的网络组成。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的压阻式电子皮肤, 其特征在于: 所述碳纳米管薄膜的透光率为 50%-97%, 方阻为 102-107O/sq„
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的压阻式电子皮肤, 其特征在于: 所述碳纳米管薄膜的厚度一般在 10nm-500nm之 间, 是由单壁碳纳米管、 双壁碳纳米管和多壁碳纳米管中的一种或者多种的复合所形成的, 其中, 所述单壁碳纳 米管为金属性单壁碳纳米管、 半导体性碳纳米管或同时含有金属性和半导体性碳纳米管的混合单壁碳纳米管。
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的压阻式电子皮肤, 其特征在于: 所述导电层可以为铜、 银和金中的任意导电金属 或半导体材料的一种或二种以上的组合。
10、根据权利要求 1~9任一项所述的压阻式电子皮肤,其特征在于:所述导电层表面粘接有有机高分子材料。
11、根据权利要求 10所述的压阻式电子皮肤, 其特征在于: 所述有机高分子材料为聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF )、 聚氟乙烯(PVF )、聚氯乙烯(PVC )、聚乙烯(PE )、聚丙烯(PP )、聚苯乙烯(PS )、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯( PMMA )、 聚氯乙烯(PVC )、 尼龙(Nylon)、 聚碳酸酯 ( PC )、 聚氨酯 (PU )、 聚四氟乙烯( PTFE )、 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇 酯(PET, PETE )、 PDMS、 或高分子橡胶材料一种或多种的组合。
12、 根据权利要求 1所述的压阻式电子皮肤, 其特征在于: 所述导电极是采用金、 铂、 镍、 银、 铟、 铜、 碳 纳米管和石墨烯中的任意一种材料或者二种以上材料的组合制成的。
13、 一种压阻式电子皮肤的制备方法, 其特征在于, 步骤如下:
51、 制备两图案化的柔性衬底;
52、 制备导电层溶液, 并分别涂覆至两柔性衬底带有图案的表面, 形成导电层, 将带有图案的导电层的一侧 面对面组装, 形成导电层相互接触的薄膜器件;
53、 使用导电材料分别在两导电层上形成上、 下导电极, 并从导电极上引出导线, 得到压阻式电子皮肤。
14、 根据权利要求 13所述的压阻式电子皮肤的制备方法, 其特征在于, 所述导电层溶液为碳纳米管溶液, 所述导电层为碳纳米管薄膜。
15、 根据权利要求 14所述的压阻式电子皮肤的制备方法, 其特征在于: 其中至少一层所述柔性衬底为聚二 甲基硅氧烷薄膜; 则所述 S1中的柔性衬底是通过如下方法制备的:
Sl l、 将聚二甲基硅氧烷在真空中去气 1-30分钟, 并倒入在一个设有图案的模板上, 聚二甲基硅氧烷的厚度 在 0.1-3mm之间, 之后在 50-100°C的温度下加热 0.5小时以上固化成型;
S12、 固化成型后的聚二甲基硅氧烷在有机溶剂中超声 5-30分钟后从模板上取下。
16、 根据权利要求 15所述的压阻式电子皮肤的制备方法, 其特征在于: 所述模板可以是具有微结构的硅衬 底、 具有微结构的玻璃衬底、 具有微结构的金属衬底、 具有微结构的塑料衬底、 布料、 丝绸制品或具有微结构的 生物体器官; 所述有机溶剂可以是甲醇、 乙醇或乙二醇。
17、 根据权利要求 13所述的压阻式电子皮肤的制备方法, 其特征在于: 所述步骤 S2具体可以包括:
521. 将单壁和 /或双壁、 少壁、 多壁的碳纳米管加入含 lwt%-10wt%的表面活性剂的水溶液, 直至碳纳米管 浓度为 0.01-50mg/ml, 然后, 将该混合溶液超声预分散 lmin-10h, 形成碳纳米管分散液;
522. 对该碳纳米管分散液以 1000-20000rpm的速率离心处理 O. lh以上, 取上清液作为成膜前溶液;
523. 采用去离子水将成膜前溶液稀释 1-100倍, 然后, 将稀释的碳纳米管溶液使用喷笔均匀地喷涂至两柔 性衬底带有图案的表面, 形成碳纳米管薄膜, 将带有图案的碳纳米管薄膜的一侧面对面组装, 形成碳纳米管薄膜 相互接触的薄膜器件。
18、 根据权利要求 17所述的压阻式电子皮肤的制备方法, 其特征在于: 所述步骤 S23中在组装成薄膜器件 之前, 采用去离子水多次浸泡所述表面有碳纳米管薄膜的薄膜, 用以去除表面活性剂, 干燥后再以浓度为 3-8 M 的强酸处理所述碳纳米管薄膜 0.1-24h。
19、 如权利要求 1至 12任一所述的压阻式电子皮肤在人体脉搏跳动、 心脏跳动、 张力检测、 呼吸、 B艮球压 力、 喉部肌肉群震动、 语音识别、 运动引起的身体肌肉和表皮的运动、 血压、 医用机器人、 内窥镜机器人系统、 外科手术机械手对人体器官的触碰感知和保护上的应用。
20、 一种电容式电子皮肤, 其特征在于, 包括柔性的敏感层, 所述敏感层的上表面和下表面至少之一为非平 面结构, 所述敏感层的上表面和下表面上分别形成有上电极层和下电极层。
21、 根据权利要求 20所述的电容式电子皮肤, 其特征在于: 所述上电极层的上表面和下表面至少之一为非 平面结构, 和 /或所述下电极层上表面和下表面至少之一为非平面结构。
22、根据权利要求 21所述的电容式电子皮肤, 其特征在于: 所述敏感层的材质为聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS ), 厚度范围为 2 ~ 50 μ πι。
23、 根据权利要求 22所述的电容式电子皮肤, 其特征在于: 所述敏感层的至少一面具有图案, 所述图案通 过将聚二甲基硅氧烷倒入在一个模板上制作而成;
所述模板为具有微结构的硅衬底、具有微结构的玻璃衬底、具有微结构的金属衬底、具有微结构的塑料衬底、 布料、 丝绸制品或具有微结构的生物体器官中的任意一种。
24、 根据权利要求 20所述的电容式电子皮肤, 其特征在于: 所述敏感层的材质为高分子材料, 所述的高分 子材料选自聚偏二氟乙烯( PVDF )、 聚氟乙烯( PVF )、 聚氯乙烯( PVC )、 聚乙烯( ΡΕ )、 聚丙烯( ΡΡ )、 聚苯 乙烯(PS )、 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯 (PMMA )、 聚氯乙烯(PVC )、 尼龙(Nylon)、 聚碳酸酯( PC )、 聚氨酯 (PU )、 聚四氟乙烯(PTFE )、 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯 (PET, PETE )或高分子橡胶材料中的一种或多种的组合。
25、 根据权利要求 20所述的电容式电子皮肤, 其特征在于: 所述的敏感层和下电极层之间或所述下电极层 的下表面还设置有柔性的支撑层。
26、 根据权利要求 25所述的电容式电子皮肤, 其特征在于: 所述的支撑层为聚乙烯(PE )薄膜, 厚度范围 为 1 ~ 100 μ πι。
27、 根据权利要求 25所述的电容式电子皮肤, 其特征在于: 所述支撑层材料还可以选自高透明高柔性的聚 氯乙烯(PVC )薄膜、 聚偏二氯乙烯(PVDC )薄膜中一种或多种的组合。
28、 根据权利要求 20所述的电容式电子皮肤, 其特征在于: 所述的上电极层和下电极层材质选自金、 铂、 镍、 银、 铟、 铜、 碳纳米管、 石墨烯、 银纳米线中的一种或多种的组合。
29、 根据权利要求 20所述的电容式电子皮肤, 其特征在于: 所述的上电极层和下电极层电极是通过蒸镀方 式、 溅射方式或化学沉积方式形成。
30、 根据权利要求 20所述的电容式电子皮肤, 其特征在于: 所述的非平面结构为凸伸的多棱推体。
31、 根据权利要求 30所述的电容式电子皮肤, 其特征在于: 所述的每个推体的底面为 ΙΟ μ πι χ ΙΟ μ πι的正 方形, 侧面与底面的夹角为 54.7° , 推体高度为 7.06 μ πι 。 32、 一种电容式电子皮肤的制作方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
51、 制作可形成所述非平面结构的模板;
52、 在模板表面形成一层有机物分子层;
53、 在有机物分子层上形成敏感层;
54、 热处理, 将固化后的敏感层从模板上剥离;
S5、 分别于敏感层的上表面以及下表面形成上电极层和下电极层。
33、 根据权利要求 32所述的电容式电子皮肤的制作方法, 其特征在于: 所述模板为具有微结构的硅衬底、 具有微结构的玻璃衬底、 具有微结构的金属衬底、 具有微结构的塑料衬底、 布料、 丝绸制品或具有微结构的生物 体器官中的任意一种。
34、如权利要求 32所述的电容式电子皮肤的制作方法,在所述步骤 S3后还可以在所述敏感层上形成一层支 撑层; 然后所述下电极板制备在所述支撑层的下表面。
35、如权利要求 32所述的电容式电子皮肤的制作方法,在所述步骤 S5后还可以在所述下电极层的下表面形 成一层敏感层。
36、 根据权利要求 32所述的电容式电子皮肤的制作方法, 其特征在于: 所述的有机分子层选自三甲基氯硅 烷或全氟辛基三氯硅烷。
37、 如权利要求 20至 31任一项所述的电容式电子皮肤在人体脉搏跳动、 心脏跳动、 张力检测、 呼吸、 B艮球 压力、喉部肌肉群震动、语音识别、运动引起的身体肌肉和表皮的运动、血压、 医用机器人、 内窥镜机器人系统、 外科手术机械手对人体器官的触碰感知和保护上的应用。
38、 一种语音识别系统, 其特征在于, 包括:
如权利要求 12任一项所述的压阻式电子皮肤; 所述压阻式电子皮肤包括: 叠加的多个柔性衬底; 相邻柔 性衬底接触表面上设置的导电层, 至少一个所述的导电层的接触面为非平面结构; 以及, 电性连接于所述导电层 的导电极;
数据处理模块, 接收来自所述压阻式电子皮肤的信号并将处理后的信号发送至显示模块;
显示模块, 接收并显示来自数据处理模块的信号。
39、 一种语音识别系统, 其特征在于, 包括:
如权利要求 20 31任一项所述的电容式电子皮肤; 所述的电容式电子皮肤包括柔性的敏感层,所述敏感层的 上表面和下表面至少之一为非平面结构, 所述敏感层的上表面和下表面上分别形成有上电极层和下电极层; 数据处理模块, 接收来自电容式电子皮肤的信号并将处理后的信号发送至显示模块;
显示模块, 接收并显示来自数据处理模块的信号。
40、 一种语音识别方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
采用如权利要求 38所述的压阻式电子皮肤采集声带的振动信号,或者, 采用如权利要求 39所述的电容式电 子皮肤采集声带的振动信号;
对采集的振动信号进行滤波、 放大, 并提取特征信号;
采用时域分析法或频域分析法对特征信号进行分析识别, 并将识别结果通过显示模块显示。
41、 一种脉搏检测系统, 其特征在于, 包括:
如权利要求 1至 12任一项所述的压阻式电子皮肤; 所述压阻式电子皮肤包括: 叠加的多个柔性衬底; 相邻 柔性衬底接触表面上设置的导电层, 至少一个所述的导电层的接触面为非平面结构; 以及, 电性连接于所述导电 层的导电极;
滤波电路, 对来自所述压阻式电子皮肤的信号进行滤波, 获得有效的脉搏信号;
放大电路, 将所述有效的脉搏信号放大后送至模数转换电路;
显示装置, 接收并显示来自模数转换电路的信号。
42、 根据权利要求 41所述的脉搏检测系统, 其特征在于: 所述模数转换电路通过蓝牙方式、 Zigbee方式或 Wifi方式与显示装置之间通信。
43、 一种脉搏检测系统, 其特征在于, 包括:
如权利要求 20至 31任一项所述的电容式电子皮肤, 所述的电容式电子皮肤包括柔性的敏感层, 所述敏感层 的上表面和下表面至少之一为非平面结构, 所述敏感层的上表面和下表面上分别形成有上电极层和下电极层; 滤波电路, 对来自电容式电子皮肤的信号进行滤波, 获得有效的脉搏信号;
放大电路, 将所述有效的脉搏信号放大后送至模数转换电路;
显示装置, 接收并显示来自模数转换电路的信号。
44、 根据权利要求 43所述的脉搏检测系统, 其特征在于: 所述模数转换电路通过蓝牙方式、 Zigbee方式或 Wifi方式与显示装置之间通信。
45、 一种脉搏检测方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
利用如权利要求 41或 42所述的压阻式电子皮肤对脉搏信号进行采集;
对采集到的脉搏信号进行滤波, 获得有效的脉搏信号;
将所述有效的脉搏信号进行放大后送至模数转换电路;
通过显示装置显示来自模数转换电路的信号。
46、 一种脉搏检测方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
利用如权利要求 43或 44所述的电容式电子皮肤对脉搏信号进行采集;
对采集到的脉搏信号进行滤波, 获得有效的脉搏信号;
将所述有效的脉搏信号进行放大后送至模数转换电路;
通过显示装置显示来自模数转换电路的信号。
PCT/CN2014/071631 2013-01-29 2014-01-28 电子皮肤及其制备方法和应用 WO2014117724A1 (zh)

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