WO2014117519A1 - 紧凑式万能立式钢轨轧制方法 - Google Patents

紧凑式万能立式钢轨轧制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014117519A1
WO2014117519A1 PCT/CN2013/083286 CN2013083286W WO2014117519A1 WO 2014117519 A1 WO2014117519 A1 WO 2014117519A1 CN 2013083286 W CN2013083286 W CN 2013083286W WO 2014117519 A1 WO2014117519 A1 WO 2014117519A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vertical
rolling
universal
mill
rail
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PCT/CN2013/083286
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谭成楠
牛强
李跃林
马靳江
陈义
Original Assignee
中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2014117519A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014117519A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/08—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling structural sections, i.e. work of special cross-section, e.g. angle steel
    • B21B1/085—Rail sections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B13/00—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories
    • B21B13/06—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories with axes of rolls arranged vertically, e.g. edgers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B13/00—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories
    • B21B13/08—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories with differently-directed roll axes, e.g. for the so-called "universal" rolling process
    • B21B13/10—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories with differently-directed roll axes, e.g. for the so-called "universal" rolling process all axes being arranged in one plane
    • B21B2013/106—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories with differently-directed roll axes, e.g. for the so-called "universal" rolling process all axes being arranged in one plane for sections, e.g. beams, rails

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of metal rolling technology, and in particular to a universal vertical rolling method for rolling steel rails.
  • Rail rolling is an important step in the production of rails, which directly affects the quality and comprehensive mechanical performance of rail products.
  • two-roller-rolling method and four-roller universal rolling method. Because of the four-roller universal rolling method, the rail is subjected to uniform deformation and deformation on all four sides of the hole formed by the universal roll, and the processing amount is good. The quality of the obtained rail product is better than that of the two-roller-type rolling method, and the advantage is more prominent than the two-roller-type rolling method.
  • FIG. 1 is a process layout diagram of the existing universal horizontal rail rolling process.
  • the rolling stock passes through the horizontally driven rolls, and the final parameters are obtained by adjusting the roll gap and the shape of the groove.
  • the rail universal rolling method is no exception.
  • the rails are reciprocating in the universal rolling mill and the edger, and are subjected to rolling deformation of the universal rolls and the edge rolls, and finally the finished rails in the hot state are obtained.
  • the rail is collapsed in a universal rolling mill, the following disadvantages occur:
  • the medium water such as the cooling water of the rolling mill and the high-pressure water for phosphorus removal will remain in the groove on the upper surface of the rail-shaped billet to generate water, so that the upper and lower surfaces of the rail waist are unevenly dissipated.
  • the phenomenon is further aggravated, so that the upper surface temperature of the waist of the rail after rolling is significantly lower than that of the lower surface, thereby affecting the microstructure and performance of the rail.
  • Fig. 2 it is the inner product of the rail waist groove in the existing universal horizontal rail rolling process.
  • the long process layout of the universal rolling line increases the construction investment, and the elongation of the production line will make the transportation time of the hot-rolled parts on the roller table longer, the temperature drop of the rolling stock will become larger, and the water in the upper surface groove of the rolled piece will further Accelerate the cooling rate of the upper surface of the rolled piece and affect the temperature symmetry distribution of the entire section of the rolling stock.
  • the existing U1E1+U2E2+UF universal process arrangement has a long-term disadvantage of the rolling line process arrangement.
  • Chinese Patent Publication No. CN 1668394 discloses a method and apparatus for hot rolling a steel rail.
  • Chinese Patent Publication No. CN 1172701 discloses a method for rolling a finished product from a rough blank, both of which are patented.
  • the universal mill process arrangement and rolling method for manufacturing rails are disclosed, but the above patents all adopt the traditional horizontal rolling, so that the rails have water on the upper surface during the rolling process, which affects the symmetric distribution of the temperature of the rolling stock. And in the rolling process, it is easy to produce defects that are unevenly deformed and have an influence on the final product size of the rail.
  • the Chinese patent publication CN 101844150A discloses a rail universal rolling process. Although a vertical rolling method and a process arrangement are adopted, the production line of the process is still arranged by the existing rail horizontal rolling process.
  • the U1E1+U2E2+UF production line leads to a long rolling production line, a large number of universal rolling mills and edgering machines, a large investment in the overall workshop and equipment, and a large temperature drop in the transportation process of the rails. difficult.
  • the present invention aims to explore a compact universal vertical rail rolling method which can not only solve the existing rail horizontal method.
  • the problem of uneven force in rolling, uneven temperature distribution and dimensional deviation of the final product can also greatly reduce the length of the rolling line, control the temperature drop of the rolling stock, realize on-line controlled rolling and controlled cooling of the rail, and guarantee the final At the same time of the finished product size, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the rail section can be further improved.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a universal vertical rail rolling method, which can not only solve the uneven force and temperature distribution in the existing horizontal rail rolling process, and The problem of the dimensional deviation of the final product, and the ability to roll the rail with a shorter production line, can effectively reduce the investment cost and facilitate the temperature control during the rail rolling process.
  • the universal vertical rail rolling method of the present invention comprises the following steps: 1) flipping: turning the rail blank into a vertical state in which the head is located above the leg; 2) Rolling: Rolling the inverted rail blank in step 1) into a compactly arranged reciprocating universal vertical rolling mill unit comprising at least one universal vertical roughing mill Reciprocating reversible of at least two rolling passes between the universal vertical roughing mill and the vertical edger by at least one vertical edger and one universal finishing mill After the continuous rolling, the rail-shaped billet is subjected to finish rolling forming in the last vertical rolling mill, the vertical edge mill and the universal vertical finishing mill.
  • the universal vertical roughing mill and the vertical edge rolling mill are both disposed, and the vertical edger is disposed between the universal vertical roughing mill and the universal vertical finishing mill, and The separation distance between the universal vertical roughing mill and the universal vertical finishing mill is smaller than the length of the rail blank.
  • step 2 the roll of the universal vertical finishing mill is opened to allow the rail blank to pass, and the rolls of the universal vertical roughing mill and the vertical edge rolling mill are adjusted online.
  • Roll gap the reciprocating reversible rolling deformation of the rail blank between the universal vertical roughing mill and the vertical edge rolling mill; in the last rolling process, the universal vertical roughing mill, the vertical edge rolling mill and the universal The vertical finishing mill rolls to the set value, and the rail blank is continuously rolled and formed between the universal vertical roughing mill, the vertical edge rolling mill and the universal vertical finishing mill.
  • the inlet side of the universal vertical roughing mill is further provided with a phosphorus removing device I.
  • the surface of the rail blank is subjected to phosphorus removal treatment by the phosphorus removing device I.
  • the inlet side of the universal vertical roughing mill and the outlet side of the universal vertical finishing mill are respectively provided with a cooling device I for controlling the rolling temperature of the rail blank, and the rolling temperature of the rail blank is performed by the cooling device I. Online control.
  • the universal vertical roughing mill is two, the vertical edger is one and is disposed between two universal vertical roughing mills, and the interval between the two universal vertical roughing mills The distance is smaller than the length of the rail blank, the universal vertical finishing mill is independently provided, and the distance between the universal vertical finishing mill and the nearest one universal vertical roughing mill is greater than the length of the rail blank.
  • step 2) in the reciprocating reversible continuous rolling process, the roll gaps of two universal vertical roughing mills and one vertical edger are adjusted online, and the rail blanks are in two universal vertical roughing mills and one The reciprocating reversible rolling deformation between the vertical edge-cuttering machines; in the last rolling process, the roll gap of a universal vertical roughing mill close to the universal vertical finishing mill is opened to empty the rail blanks, The vertical seaming machine, the universal vertical finishing mill and the roll gap of a universal vertical roughing mill far away from the universal vertical finishing mill are set to the set values, and the rail blanks are sequentially After being rolled by a universal vertical roughing mill and a vertical edger away from the universal vertical finishing mill, it enters the universal vertical finishing mill and performs the final finishing rolling.
  • a phosphorus removal device II is provided on the inlet side of a universal vertical roughing mill remote from the universal vertical finishing mill and the inlet side of the universal vertical finishing mill, respectively, in the first rolling pass and the last rolling pass
  • the phosphorus removal device is used to dephosphorize the surface of the rail blank.
  • a cooling device II for controlling the rolling temperature of the rail blank is provided, and the rolling temperature of the rail blank is controlled online by the cooling device II.
  • the rail vertical universal hole type of the universal vertical finishing mill is a universal hole type composed of four rolls or a semi-universal hole type composed of three rolls.
  • the universal vertical rough rolling mill and the universal vertical finishing mill adopt a vertical roller as a main driving roller, a horizontal roller as an auxiliary driving roller or a driving method with a driving roller.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the compact universal vertical rail rolling method of the present invention, by vertically turning the rail blank into a vertical state, and adopting a compact arranged reciprocating universal vertical rolling mill unit to vertically form the rail blank Rolling can effectively avoid the accumulation of water in the lug groove of the rail-shaped blank during the rolling process, so that the temperature distribution of the rail-shaped billet during the rolling process is evenly hooked, which can effectively improve the uniformity of the microstructure and mechanical properties of the rail section after rolling. ;
  • Rolling the rails in a vertical manner can improve the asymmetry of the horizontal rolling of the rails, and solve the problem that the rolling conditions of the rails due to the influence of gravity during the horizontal rolling make the rolling conditions of the upper and lower rolls asymmetrical, resulting in the finished product size.
  • the phenomenon of deviation makes the dimensional accuracy of the obtained rail better; therefore, the rail is rolled in a vertical manner, and the deformation of the rail blank is completely symmetrical, eliminating the influence of external cooling water, self-gravity and other influencing factors on the rail forming process.
  • the rolling conditions are symmetrical, which is beneficial to reduce the rolling load, improve the processing precision of each side of the rail, and improve the degree of uniformity of the microstructure and performance of the rail section;
  • the versatile of the present invention is achieved by performing reciprocating reversible continuous rolling of at least two rolling passes between the universal vertical roughing mill and the vertical edge rolling mill, and finally forming after finishing rolling in the universal vertical finishing mill.
  • the length of the production line consisting of at least one universal vertical mill, at least one edger and one universal finishing mill required for the vertical rail rolling method is shorter, which can effectively reduce the universal vertical rolling mill and rolling
  • the number of side machines and the reduction of the workshop area save investment cost. Due to the shorter production line, the heat loss of the rail blank during transportation can be reduced, and the temperature control during the rail rolling process can be facilitated.
  • Figure 1 is a process layout diagram of a conventional universal horizontal rail rolling process
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the water accumulated in the lug groove of the rail in the existing universal horizontal rail rolling process
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic oblique view of the rail blank in the existing universal horizontal rail rolling process placed and running in the roller table ;
  • FIG. 4 is a process layout diagram of a first embodiment of a universal vertical rail rolling method of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the sequence of rolling passes of the universal vertical rail rolling method of the present embodiment
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of the semi-universal hole type structure of the universal vertical finishing mill
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the universal hole type structure of the universal vertical finishing mill
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the cooling device 1.
  • FIG. 9 is a process layout diagram of a second embodiment of a universal vertical rail rolling method according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing the sequence of the rolling pass of the universal vertical rail rolling method of the embodiment.
  • I-first rolling mill 2-second rolling mill; 3-first rough rolling mill; 4-first edger; 5-second universal roughing mill; 6-second edger; 7-Universal finishing mill; 8-rail blank; 9-waist;
  • FIG. 4 it is a process layout diagram of the first embodiment of the universal vertical rail rolling method of the present invention.
  • the universal vertical rail rolling method of the embodiment includes the following steps: 1) Flip: Turning the rail blank 8 into a vertical state with its head above the leg;
  • the rail blank 8 inverted in step 1) is rolled into a compact reciprocating universal vertical mill unit, and the reciprocating universal vertical mill unit includes at least one universal vertical roughing mill 12 At least one vertical edger 13 and a universal vertical finishing mill 14, the reciprocating reversible of the rail blank 8 between the universal vertical roughing mill 12 and the vertical edger 13 for at least two rolling passes After the continuous rolling, the rail blank 8 is subjected to finish rolling forming of the last rolling pass in the universal vertical roughing mill 12, the vertical edger 13 and the universal vertical finishing mill 14.
  • the compact universal vertical rail rolling method of the present embodiment can effectively perform the vertical rolling of the rail blank by inverting the rail blank 8 into a vertical state and using a reciprocating universal vertical rolling mill unit with a compact arrangement. Avoiding the accumulation of water in the lug groove of the rail-shaped blank during the rolling process, the temperature distribution of the rail-shaped billet 8 during the rolling process is evenly hooked, which can effectively improve the uniformity of the microstructure and mechanical properties of the rail section after rolling.
  • Rolling the rails in a vertical manner can improve the asymmetry of the horizontal rolling of the rails, and solve the problem that the rolling conditions of the rails due to the influence of gravity during the horizontal rolling make the rolling conditions of the upper and lower rolls asymmetrical, resulting in the finished product size.
  • the phenomenon of deviation makes the rail obtained by rolling more accurate; therefore, the rail is rolled in a vertical manner, and the main rail is deformed by the vertical roller, so that the deformation of the rail blank is completely symmetrical, eliminating the outside world.
  • the influence factors of cooling water and self-gravity on the rail forming process, and the rolling conditions are symmetrical, which is beneficial to reduce the rolling load, improve the processing precision of each side of the rail, and improve the degree of uniformity of the microstructure and performance of the rail section;
  • the production line of at least one universal vertical mill 12, at least one edger 13 and one universal vertical finishing mill 14 required for the universal vertical rail rolling method of the present embodiment has a shorter length, that is, Effectively reduce the number of universal vertical mills 12, vertical edger 13 and reduce the plant floor area, save investment costs, because the production line is shorter, can reduce the heat loss of the rail blank during transportation, and facilitate the rail rolling process Temperature control in the middle.
  • the universal vertical roughing mill 12 and the vertical edger 13 of the present embodiment are both one, and the vertical edger 13 is disposed between the universal vertical roughing mill 12 and the universal vertical finishing mill 13, and the universal stand
  • the separation distance between the rough rolling mill 12 and the universal vertical finishing mill 14 is smaller than the length of the rail blank 8, that is, the separation distance between the universal vertical roughing mill 12 and the vertical edger 13 of the present embodiment and the vertical type.
  • Edger 13 and universal vertical fine The spacing distance between the rolling mills 14 is smaller than the length of the rail-shaped blanks 8, that is, the layout of the universal vertical rail rolling production line suitable for the universal vertical rail rolling method of the present embodiment is UR-E-UF.
  • the universal vertical rail rolling line using this structure is provided by arranging the universal vertical finishing mill 14 adjacent to the vertical edger 13, and the rail blank 8 can be used in the universal vertical roughing mill 12 and the vertical edger 13 Reciprocating reversible rolling is formed between the two. In the last rolling pass, the universal vertical roughing mill 12, the vertical edger 13 and the universal vertical finishing mill 14 can be used to simultaneously roll the rail blank, and the universal billet is rolled.
  • the vertical finishing mill 14 finishes the rail blank 8 by finish rolling. It can meet the requirements of rail rolling, and its compact structure and short production line can effectively reduce investment costs.
  • the rolls of the universal vertical finishing mill 14 are opened to allow the rail-shaped blanks 8 to pass, and the roll gaps of the universal vertical roughing mill 12 and the vertical edger 13 are adjusted online.
  • the rail-shaped blank 8 is subjected to reciprocating reversible continuous rolling deformation between the universal vertical roughing mill 12 and the vertical edger 13; in the last rolling process, the universal vertical roughing mill 12 and the vertical edger are adjusted.
  • 13 and the roll gap of the universal vertical finishing mill 14 is set to a value, and the rail blank 8 is continuously rolled and formed between the universal vertical roughing mill 12, the vertical edger 13 and the universal vertical finishing mill 14, As shown in Fig.
  • the universal vertical rough rolling mill 12 and the universal vertical finishing mill 14 of the present embodiment all adopt the vertical roller as the main driving roller, the horizontal roller as the auxiliary driving roller or the driving method with the driving roller, and the vertical edger 13 is driven by the roller driving device. On the upper side or the lower side of the roll.
  • the rail vertical universal hole type is a universal hole type consisting of four rolls or a semi-universal hole type consisting of three rolls.
  • the semi-universal hole type finishing mill adopts a rail hole type consisting of a vertical roller and a lower horizontal roller to perform finish rolling forming, and the upper horizontal roller does not participate in rolling deformation, and adopts semi-universal hole type rolling.
  • the advantage is that the head width, waist, rail section symmetry and rail bottom shape of the rail can be effectively guaranteed.
  • the universal versatile finishing mill adopts the vertical rolling universal versatile process to perform the final finishing rolling of the rail.
  • the universal versatile finishing mill adopts the rail hole type alignment of the vertical roller and the upper and lower horizontal rollers.
  • the billet is finished by finish rolling.
  • the advantage of the universal versatile hole type is that the rail head section can be well processed to meet the requirements of the high-speed railway on the tread size and machining accuracy of the rail head.
  • the rolling hole type of the universal vertical finishing mill I 14 of the present embodiment is an example in which the semi-universal hole type is used for the finish rolling of the rail-shaped billet 8.
  • the phosphorus removal device I is provided on the inlet side of the universal vertical roughing mill 12, and the surface of the rail blank 8 is subjected to phosphorus removal treatment by the phosphorus removal device I in the first rolling pass and the last rolling pass.
  • the surface quality of the rail blank 8 is increased, and the phosphorus removal medium may be high pressure water or compressed air.
  • universal vertical rough rolling 12 The inlet side of the machine and the outlet side of the universal vertical finishing mill 14 are respectively provided with cooling means for controlling the rolling temperature of the rail blank 1 11, 15, and the rolling temperature of the rail blank is carried out by the cooling device I 11,15.
  • the specific rolling temperature control and denaturation parameters can be formulated according to different rail specifications, steel grades and the corresponding control rolling and cooling process.
  • the cooling device 1 includes nozzles respectively corresponding to the heads of the rail-shaped blanks 8, the legs, and the sides of the waist, and the nozzles are provided with nozzles for discharging the cooling medium, and the cooling device I of the structure can
  • the rail blank 8 is omnidirectionally cooled to prevent the occurrence of uneven temperature distribution in the rail blank 8.
  • the universal vertical rail rolling method of the present embodiment comprises the following steps: 1) flipping: turning the rail blank 8 into a vertical state in which the head is located above the leg;
  • step 2) Rolling: Rolling the inverted rail blank 8 in step 1) into a compact reciprocating universal vertical mill unit for rolling, the reciprocating universal vertical mill unit includes at least one universal vertical roughing mill, At least one vertical edger 23 and a universal vertical finishing mill 26, the rail-shaped blank 8 is reciprocally connected to at least two rolling passes between the universal vertical roughing mill and the vertical edger 13 After the rolling, the rail-shaped blank 8 is subjected to finish rolling forming of the last rolling pass in the universal vertical roughing mill 12, the vertical edger 13, and the universal vertical finishing mill 14.
  • the compact universal vertical rail rolling method of the present embodiment can effectively perform the vertical rolling of the rail blank by inverting the rail blank 8 into a vertical state and using a reciprocating universal vertical rolling mill unit with a compact arrangement. Avoiding the accumulation of water in the lug groove of the rail-shaped blank during the rolling process, the temperature distribution of the rail-shaped billet 8 during the rolling process is evenly hooked, which can effectively improve the uniformity of the microstructure and mechanical properties of the rail section after rolling.
  • Rolling the rails in a vertical manner can improve the asymmetry of the horizontal rolling of the rails, and solve the problem that the rolling conditions of the rails due to the influence of gravity during the horizontal rolling make the rolling conditions of the upper and lower rolls asymmetrical, resulting in the finished product size.
  • the phenomenon of deviation makes the dimensional accuracy of the obtained rail better; therefore, the rail is rolled in a vertical manner, and the deformation of the rail blank is completely symmetrical, eliminating the influence of external cooling water, self-gravity and other influencing factors on the rail forming process.
  • the rolling conditions are symmetrical, which is beneficial to reduce the rolling load, improve the processing precision of each side of the rail, and improve the degree of uniformity of the microstructure and performance of the rail section;
  • the reciprocating reversible continuous rolling of at least two rolling passes is performed between the universal vertical roughing mill and the vertical edger 23 by the rail blank 8 and finally formed after the finish rolling of the universal vertical finishing mill 26
  • Example The length of the production line consisting of at least one universal vertical mill, at least one edger 23 and one universal vertical finishing mill 26 required for the universal vertical rail rolling method is shorter, that is, the universal vertical can be effectively reduced.
  • the number of rolling mills, vertical edger 23 and the reduction of the workshop floor area save investment costs. Due to the shorter production line, the heat loss of the rail blank during transportation can be reduced, and the temperature control during the rail rolling process can be facilitated.
  • the universal vertical roughing mill is two, the vertical edger 23 is one set and disposed between two universal vertical roughing mills, and between two universal vertical roughing mills.
  • the spacing distance is smaller than the length of the rail blank 8
  • the universal vertical finishing mill 26 is independently provided, and the distance between the universal vertical finishing mill 26 and the nearest one universal vertical roughing mill 24 is greater than that of the rail blank 8
  • the length, that is, the universal vertical rail rolling production line suitable for the universal vertical rail rolling method of the present embodiment is U r E r U 2 + UF 1 0
  • the universal vertical rail rolling production line adopting the structure By setting the separation distance between the two vertical roughing mills to be smaller than the length of the rail blank 8, reciprocating rolling of the rail blank 8 can be achieved, the number of rolling cycles of the reciprocating rolling can be reduced, and the production line can be reduced. Length, saving investment costs.
  • step 2 the roll gaps of two universal vertical roughing mills and one vertical edger 23 are adjusted on-line, and the rail blanks 8 are placed in two universal vertical roughing mills.
  • the vertical edge rolling machine 23, the universal vertical finishing mill 26, and the roll gap of a universal vertical roughing mill 22 remote from the universal vertical finishing mill 26 are set to set values, and the rail blanks 8 are sequentially After rolling by a universal vertical roughing mill 22 and a vertical edger 23 remote from the universal vertical finishing mill 26, it is passed to a universal vertical finishing mill 26 for final finishing rolling.
  • the number of rolling passes during the reciprocating reversing continuous rolling process is determined according to design requirements.
  • the universal vertical roughing mill 12 and the universal vertical finishing mill 14 of the present embodiment all adopt the vertical roller as the main driving roller, the horizontal roller as the auxiliary driving roller or the driving method with the driving roller, and the vertical edger 13 is driven by the roller driving device. On the upper side or the lower side of the roll.
  • the inlet side of a universal vertical roughing mill 22 remote from the universal vertical finishing mill 26 and the inlet side of the universal vertical finishing mill 22 are respectively provided with a phosphorus removing device II, in the first rolling pass and the last rolling pass
  • a phosphorus removing device II in the first rolling pass and the last rolling pass
  • the surface of the rail blank is subjected to phosphorus removal treatment.
  • the surface quality of the rail blank 8 is increased, and the phosphorus removal medium may be high pressure water or compressed air.
  • the inlet side of a universal vertical roughing mill 22 remote from the universal vertical finishing mill 26, the outlet side of a universal vertical roughing mill 24 close to the universal vertical finishing mill 26, and the universal vertical finishing mill 26 The inlet side is provided with cooling means , 21, 25, 27 for controlling the rolling temperature of the rail blank, and the rolling temperature of the rail blank is controlled online by the cooling device II. Combined with the rolling deformation process of the rail blank 8, it is necessary to form a controlled cooling and controlled rolling process.
  • the specific rolling temperature control and denaturation parameters can be determined according to different rail specifications and steel grades and the corresponding controlled rolling control cooling process can be obtained.
  • the structure of the cooling device ⁇ of the present embodiment is the same as that of the cooling device 1 of the first embodiment, and will not be described again.
  • the rail vertical universal hole type of the universal vertical finishing mill 14 is a universal hole type composed of four rolls or a semi-universal hole type composed of three rolls, and the rail vertical type of the universal vertical finishing mill 14 of the present embodiment
  • the universal hole type is a semi-universal hole type.

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Abstract

一种紧凑式万能立式钢轨轧制方法，包括如下步骤：1）翻转：将轨形坯（8）翻转为立式状态；2）轧制：将步骤1）中翻转后的轨形坯进入紧凑布置的往复式万能轧机机组中进行轧制，往复式万能立式轧机机组包括至少一台万能立式粗轧机（12）、至少一台立式轧边机（13）和一台万能立式精轧机（14），将轨形坯在万能立式粗轧机和立式轧边机之间进行至少两个轧程的往复可逆式连轧后，将轨形坯在万能立式粗轧机、立式轧边机和万能立式精轧机中进行最后一个轧程的精轧成型。采用立式轧制钢轨，消除了外界冷却水、自身重力等对钢轨成型的影响；通过采用连轧变形工艺，使得生产线长度更短，轧件运输行程更短，轧件降温少，方便钢轨轧制过程中的温度控制。

Description

紧凑式万能立式钢轨轧制方法 枝太领域
本发明属于金属的轧制技术领域，具体的为一种轧制钢轨的万能立式轧制方 法。
景
钢轨轧制是钢轨生产中重要的一环工序，直接影响着钢轨产品质量和综合力 学性能。 目前钢轨轧制主要有两种方式： 二辊孔型轧法和四辊万能轧法， 由于四 辊万能轧法中钢轨在万能轧辊组成的孔型中四面受到均勾压缩变形， 加工量好， 得到的钢轨产品质量要比二辊孔型轧法好， 优势较二辊孔型轧法突出。
采用万能轧机及万能轧制工艺方法生产钢轨是本领域中常用的技术手段，钢 轨呈卧倒状态在万能轧机中进行变形并得到最终的成品钢轨。 图 1为现有万能卧 式钢轨轧制工艺的工艺布置图，在传统型钢轧制理念中， 轧件在水平驱动的轧辊 中穿梭， 通过调整轧辊的辊缝、孔槽形状等参数获得最终的型钢产品。 钢轨万能 轧制法生产也不例外，钢轨呈卧倒状在万能轧机和轧边机中往复穿梭， 并受到万 能轧辊和轧边辊的轧制变形，最终得到热态下的钢轨成品。但钢轨呈卧倒状在万 能轧机中变形时会出现如下缺点：
( 1 ) 轧制过程中钢轨槽内积水
轨形坯在万能轧机中轧制时，轧机冷却水和除磷用高压水等介质水会遗留在 轨形坯上表面的槽中产生积水，使钢轨腰部上表面和下表面散热不均的现象进一 步加重，使得轧后钢轨腰部上表面温度明显低于下表面， 从而影响钢轨的微观组 织和性能， 如图 2所示， 为现有万能卧式钢轨轧制工艺中的钢轨腰部槽内积水示 意图；
(2) 万能轧制变形的不对称性
在轧制过程中， 由于钢轨断面的特殊性， 其只有一个对称面， 这导致轧制时 产生的轴向力大， 朝轨头呈水平方向； 由于受自身重力影响， 钢轨在辊道上自由 卧倒的状态为倾斜状， 如图 3所示， 轨形坯进入万能轧机后， 钢轨会出现头部向 下倾斜的倾向， 使得上下辊轧制力分布不均勾， 且对轴向力产生一定影响， 使得 本来就是不对称变形的万能轧制现象进一步恶化，对钢轨最终的成品尺寸带来影 (3 ) 万能轧制线工艺布置过长
万能轧制线工艺布置较长使得建设投资增加，同时生产线拉长会使得热态轧 件在辊道上的运输时间变长，轧件温降变大， 而且轧件上表面槽内积水会进一步 加快轧件上表面的冷却速率， 影响轧件整个断面的温度对称性分布， 如现有的 U1E1+U2E2+UF万能工艺布置方式， 其轧制线工艺布置具有过长的缺点。
公开号为 CN 1668394的中国专利公开了一种用于热轧钢轨的方法与设备， 公开号为 CN 1172701的中国专利公开了一种由粗制坯轧出成品型材的方法， 这 两件专利均公开了各自用于制造钢轨的万能轧机工艺布置及轧制方法，但上述专 利均采用传统的卧式轧制，使得钢轨在轧制过程中具有上表面易积水， 影响轧件 温度的对称分布，且在轧制过程中易产生不均勾变形并对钢轨最终产品尺寸产生 影响的缺陷。
公开号为 CN 101844150A的中国专利公开了一种钢轨万能法轧制工艺，虽然 采用了立式轧制方法及工艺布置，但该工艺布置的生产线仍然采用现有的钢轨卧 式轧制工艺布置的 U1E1+U2E2+UF生产线，导致轧制生产线过长，万能轧机及轧 边机数量较多，整体车间厂房和设备投资较大， 并导致钢轨在运输过程中温降较 大， 对轧件温度控制较难。
基于上述钢轨万能轧制方法及工艺布置方式存在的问题，本发明旨在探索一 种紧凑式万能立式钢轨轧制方法，该紧凑式万能立式钢轨轧制方法不仅可以解决 现有钢轨卧式轧制中受力不均、温度分布不均及最终成品尺寸偏差的问题， 还可 以大大减少轧线的长度，控制轧件的温降，实现钢轨的在线控制轧制和控制冷却， 在保证最终成品尺寸的同时，还可进一步提高钢轨断面微观组织均勾性和力学性 能。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提出一种万能立式钢轨轧制方法，该万能立式钢 轨轧制方法不仅可以解决现有钢轨卧式轧制工艺中的受力不均、温度分布不均以 及最终成品尺寸偏差的问题，而且能够利用更短的生产线轧制钢轨， 能够有效减 小投资成本和方便钢轨轧制过程中的温度控制。
要实现上述技术目的， 本发明的万能立式钢轨轧制方法， 包括如下步骤： 1 ) 翻转： 将轨形坯翻转为其头部位于腿部上方的立式状态； 2) 轧制： 将步骤 1 ) 中翻转后的轨形坯进入紧凑布置的往复式万能立式轧 机机组中进行轧制， 所述往复式万能立式轧机机组包括至少一台万能立式粗轧 机、至少一台立式轧边机和一台万能立式精轧机， 将所述轨形坯在所述万能立式 粗轧机和立式轧边机之间进行至少两个轧程的往复可逆式连轧后，将轨形坯在所 述万能立式粗轧机、立式轧边机和万能立式精轧机中进行最后一个轧程的精轧成 型。
进一步， 步骤 2)所述的万能立式粗轧机和立式轧边机均为一台， 所述立式 轧边机设置在所述万能立式粗轧机与万能立式精轧机之间，且所述万能立式粗轧 机和万能立式精轧机之间的间隔距离小于轨形坯的长度。
进一步， 步骤 2)所述往复可逆式连轧过程中， 所述万能立式精轧机的轧辊 打开让轨形坯空过， 并在线调整所述万能立式粗轧机和立式轧边机的轧辊辊缝， 将轨形坯在万能立式粗轧机和立式轧边机之间进行往复可逆式连轧变形；在最后 一道轧程中，调整万能立式粗轧机、立式轧边机和万能立式精轧机的辊缝至设定 值，将轨形坯在万能立式粗轧机、立式轧边机和万能立式精轧机之间进行连续精 轧成型。
进一步， 所述万能立式粗轧机的入口侧还设有除磷装置 I， 在第一道轧程和 最后一道轧程中， 利用除磷装置 I对轨形坯表面进行除磷处理。
进一步， 所述万能立式粗轧机的入口侧和万能立式精轧机的出口侧分别设 有用于控制轨形坯轧制温度的冷却装置 I， 通过冷却装置 I对轨形坯的轧制温度 进行在线控制。
进一步， 步骤 2)所述的万能立式粗轧机为两台， 立式轧边机为一台并设置 在两台万能立式粗轧机之间，且两台万能立式粗轧机之间的间隔距离小于轨形坯 的长度，所述万能立式精轧机独立设置， 且万能立式精轧机与最近的一台万能立 式粗轧机之间的间隔距离大于轨形坯的长度。
进一步， 步骤 2)所述往复可逆式连轧过程中， 在线调整两台万能立式粗轧 机和一台立式轧边机的辊缝，将轨形坯在两台万能立式粗轧机和一台立式轧边机 之间进行往复可逆式连轧变形；在最后一道轧程中， 将靠近万能立式精轧机的一 台万能立式粗轧机的辊缝打开使轨形坯空过，将立式轧边机、万能立式精轧机和 远离万能立式精轧机的一台万能立式粗轧机的辊缝设置为设定值，将轨形坯依次 通过远离万能立式精轧机的一台万能立式粗轧机和立式轧边机轧制后，进入万能 立式精轧机对其进行最后一道次精轧成型。
进一步， 远离所述万能立式精轧机的一台万能立式粗轧机的入口侧和万能 立式精轧机的入口侧分别设有除磷装置 II， 在第一道轧程和最后一道轧程中， 利 用除磷装置 Π对轨形坯表面进行除磷处理。
进一步， 远离所述万能立式精轧机的一台万能立式粗轧机的入口侧、 靠近 所述万能立式精轧机的一台万能立式粗轧机的出口侧和万能立式精轧机的入口 侧均设有用于控制轨形坯轧制温度的冷却装置 II，通过所述冷却装置 II对轨形坯 的轧制温度进行在线控制。
进一步，所述万能立式精轧机的钢轨立式万能孔型为由四个轧辊组成的全万 能孔型或由三个轧辊组成的半万能孔型。
进一步，所述万能立式粗轧机和万能立式精轧机均采用立辊为主传动辊、水 平辊为辅传动辊或带驱动轧辊的传动方式。
本发明的有益效果为- 本发明的紧凑式万能立式钢轨轧制方法，通过将轨形坯翻转为立式状态， 并 采用紧凑布置的往复式万能立式轧机机组对轨形坯进行立式轧制，能够有效避免 轧制过程中在轨形坯腰部槽内积水，使得轨形坯在轧制过程中温度分布均勾， 能 够有效改善轧后钢轨断面微观组织和力学性能的均勾性；
采用立式方式轧制钢轨，可改善钢轨卧式轧制时的非对称性， 解决了卧式轧 制时钢轨由于受到重力影响产生的倾翻力使得上下辊轧制条件不对称而导致成 品尺寸偏差的现象， 使轧制得到的钢轨尺寸精度更好； 因此， 采用立式方式轧制 钢轨， 轨形坯的变形完全对称， 消除了外界冷却水、 自身重力等影响因素对钢轨 成型过程的影响， 而且轧制条件对称， 有利于减少轧制负荷、 提高钢轨各面的加 工精度， 提高钢轨断面微观组织和性能的均勾程度；
通过将轨形坯在万能立式粗轧机和立式轧边机之间进行至少两个轧程的往 复可逆式连轧，并最后在万能立式精轧机精轧后成型， 使得本发明的万能立式钢 轨轧制方法所需的由至少一台万能立式轧机、至少一台轧边机和一台万能立式精 轧机组成的生产线的长度更短， 即能够有效减少万能立式轧机、轧边机的数量和 减小车间厂房面积， 节省投资成本， 由于生产线更短， 能够减少轨形坯在运输过 程中的热损失， 方便钢轨轧制过程中的温度控制。 附图说明
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果更加清楚， 本发明提供如下附图 进行说明：
图 1为现有万能卧式钢轨轧制工艺的工艺布置图；
图 2为现有万能卧式钢轨轧制工艺中的钢轨腰部槽内积水示意图； 图 3 为现有万能卧式钢轨轧制工艺中的轨形坯在辊道中放置及运行时的倾 斜断面示意图；
图 4为本发明万能立式钢轨轧制方法第一实施例的工艺布置图；
图 5为本实施例万能立式钢轨轧制方法的轧制道次顺序示意图；
图 6为万能立式精轧机的半万能孔型结构示意图；
图 7为万能立式精轧机的全万能孔型结构示意图；
图 8为冷却装置 I结构示意图。
图 9为本发明万能立式钢轨轧制方法第二实施例的工艺布置图；
图 10为本实施例万能立式钢轨轧制方法的轧制道次顺序示意图。
附图标记说明：
I-第一架开坯轧机； 2-第二架开坯轧机； 3-第一万能粗轧机； 4-第一轧边机; 5-第二万能粗轧机； 6-第二轧边机； 7-万能精轧机； 8-轨形坯； 9-腰部；
II-冷却装置 I； 12-万能立式粗轧机 I； 13-立式轧边机 I； 14-万能立式精轧机 I； 15-冷却装置 I; UR-万能立式粗轧机 I; E-立式轧边机 I; UF-万能立式精轧机 I；
21 令却装置 I； 22-第一万能立式粗轧机 Π; 23-立式轧边机 Π; 24-第二万能 立式粗轧机 Π; 25-冷却装置 Π; 26-万能立式精轧机 Π; 27-冷却装置 Π; -第一 万能立式粗轧机 Π; Er立式轧边机 Π; U2-第二万能立式粗轧机 Π; UFr万能立 式精轧机 II。 下面将结合附图， 对本发明的优选实施例进行详细的描述。
第一实施例
如图 4所示，为本发明万能立式钢轨轧制方法第一实施例的工艺布置图。本 实施例的万能立式钢轨轧制方法， 包括如下步骤： 1 ) 翻转： 将轨形坯 8翻转为 其头部位于腿部上方的立式状态；
2) 轧制： 将步骤 1 ) 中翻转后的轨形坯 8进入紧凑布置的往复式万能立式 轧机机组中进行轧制， 往复式万能立式轧机机组包括至少一台万能立式粗轧机 12、 至少一台立式轧边机 13和一台万能立式精轧机 14， 将轨形坯 8在万能立式 粗轧机 12和立式轧边机 13之间进行至少两个轧程的往复可逆式连轧后，将轨形 坯 8在万能立式粗轧机 12、 立式轧边机 13和万能立式精轧机 14中进行最后一 个轧程的精轧成型。
本实施例的紧凑式万能立式钢轨轧制方法， 通过将轨形坯 8 翻转为立式状 态，并采用紧凑布置的往复式万能立式轧机机组对轨形坯进行立式轧制， 能够有 效避免轧制过程中在轨形坯腰部槽内积水，使得轨形坯 8在轧制过程中温度分布 均勾， 能够有效改善轧后钢轨断面微观组织和力学性能的均勾性。
采用立式方式轧制钢轨，可改善钢轨卧式轧制时的非对称性， 解决了卧式轧 制时钢轨由于受到重力影响产生的倾翻力使得上下辊轧制条件不对称而导致成 品尺寸偏差的现象， 使轧制得到的钢轨尺寸精度更好； 因此， 采用立式方式轧制 钢轨，通过立辊对站立状的钢轨产生主要变形，从而使得轨形坯的变形完全对称， 消除了外界冷却水、 自身重力等影响因素对钢轨成型过程的影响， 而且轧制条件 对称， 有利于减少轧制负荷、提高钢轨各面的加工精度， 提高钢轨断面微观组织 和性能的均勾程度；
通过将轨形坯 8在万能立式粗轧机 12和立式轧边机 13之间进行至少两个轧 程的往复可逆式连轧， 并最后在万能立式精轧机 14精轧后成型， 使得本实施例 的万能立式钢轨轧制方法所需的由至少一台万能立式轧机 12、 至少一台轧边机 13和一台万能立式精轧机 14组成的生产线的长度更短， 即能够有效减少万能立 式轧机 12、 立式轧边机 13的数量和减小车间厂房面积， 节省投资成本， 由于生 产线更短，能够减少轨形坯在运输过程中的热损失， 方便钢轨轧制过程中的温度 控制。
本实施例的万能立式粗轧机 12和立式轧边机 13均为一台， 且立式轧边机 13设置在万能立式粗轧机 12与万能立式精轧机 13之间， 且万能立式粗轧机 12 和万能立式精轧机 14之间的间隔距离小于轨形坯 8的长度， 即本实施例的万能 立式粗轧机 12与立式轧边机 13之间的间隔距离和立式轧边机 13与万能立式精 轧机 14之间的间隔距离均小于轨形坯 8的长度， 即适用于本实施例万能立式钢 轨轧制方法的万能立式钢轨轧制生产线的布置方式为 UR-E-UF。 采用该结构的 万能立式钢轨轧制生产线， 通过将万能立式精轧机 14紧邻立式轧边机 13设置， 并将轨形坯 8能够在万能立式粗轧机 12和立式轧边机 13之间形成往复可逆式连 轧， 在最后一个轧程中， 能够利用万能立式粗轧机 12、 立式轧边机 13和万能立 式精轧机 14同时对轨形坯进行轧制，并由万能立式精轧机 14对轨形坯 8进行精 轧成型。能够满足钢轨轧制要求， 且其结构紧凑， 生产线短， 能够有效减少投资 成本。
在步骤 2) 的往复可逆式连轧过程中， 万能立式精轧机 14 的轧辊打开让轨 形坯 8空过，并在线调整万能立式粗轧机 12和立式轧边机 13的轧辊辊缝， 将轨 形坯 8在万能立式粗轧机 12和立式轧边机 13之间进行往复可逆式连轧变形；在 最后一道轧程中，调整万能立式粗轧机 12、立式轧边机 13和万能立式精轧机 14 的辊缝至设定值， 将轨形坯 8在万能立式粗轧机 12、 立式轧边机 13和万能立式 精轧机 14之间进行连续精轧成型， 如图 5所示， 往复可逆式连轧过程中的轧程 次数根据设计要求确定。 本实施例的万能立式粗轧机 12 和万能立式精轧机 14 均采用立辊为主传动辊、水平辊为辅传动辊或带驱动轧辊的传动方式， 立式轧边 机 13轧辊驱动装置置于轧辊上侧或下侧。
万能立式精轧机 14的钢轨立式万能孔型为由四个轧辊组成的全万能孔型或 由三个轧辊组成的半万能孔型。如图 6所示， 半万能孔型精轧机采用通过立辊及 下水平辊组成的钢轨孔型对轨形坯进行精轧成型，上水平辊不参与轧制变形， 采 用半万能孔型轧制的优点是钢轨的头宽、腰部、钢轨断面对称性和轨底形状可以 得到有效保证。如图 7所示， 全万能孔型精轧机采用立轧全万能工艺方法对钢轨 进行最后一道次精轧成型，全万能孔型精轧机采用通过立辊及上下水平辊组成的 钢轨孔型对轨形坯进行精轧成型，全万能孔型的优点是钢轨头部断面能够得到良 好加工，满足高速铁路对钢轨头部踏面尺寸及加工精度的要求。本实施例的万能 立式精轧机 I 14的轧制孔型是以选用半万能孔型对轨形坯 8进行精轧为例。
优选的， 万能立式粗轧机 12的入口侧设有除磷装置 I， 在第一道轧程和最 后一道轧程中， 利用除磷装置 I对轨形坯 8表面进行除磷处理。 提高轨形坯 8的 表面质量， 除磷介质可为高压水， 也可为压缩空气。 优选的， 万能立式粗轧 12 机的入口侧和万能立式精轧机 14的出口侧分别设有用于控制轨形坯轧制温度的 冷却装置 1 11, 15， 通过冷却装置 I 11,15对轨形坯的轧制温度进行在线控制， 结 合轨形坯 8轧制变形工艺需要形成控制冷却、控制轧制工艺， 具体的轧制温度控 制和变性参数可根据不同钢轨规格、钢种制订并得出相应的控轧控冷工艺。如图 8所示， 冷却装置 I包括分别与轨形坯 8头部、 腿部和腰部两侧对应的喷头， 喷 头上设有用于喷出冷却介质的喷嘴， 采用该结构的冷却装置 I， 能够对轨形坯 8 进行全方位冷却， 防止轨形坯 8内出现温度分布不均的缺陷。
第二实施例
如图 9所示，为本发明万能立式钢轨轧制方法第一实施例的工艺布置图。本 实施例的万能立式钢轨轧制方法， 包括如下步骤： 1 ) 翻转： 将轨形坯 8翻转为 其头部位于腿部上方的立式状态；
2) 轧制： 将步骤 1 ) 中翻转后的轨形坯 8进入紧凑布置的往复式万能立式 轧机机组中进行轧制， 往复式万能立式轧机机组包括至少一台万能立式粗轧机、 至少一台立式轧边机 23和一台万能立式精轧机 26， 将轨形坯 8在万能立式粗轧 机和立式轧边机 13之间进行至少两个轧程的往复可逆式连轧后， 将轨形坯 8在 万能立式粗轧机 12、 立式轧边机 13和万能立式精轧机 14中进行最后一个轧程 的精轧成型。
本实施例的紧凑式万能立式钢轨轧制方法， 通过将轨形坯 8 翻转为立式状 态，并采用紧凑布置的往复式万能立式轧机机组对轨形坯进行立式轧制， 能够有 效避免轧制过程中在轨形坯腰部槽内积水，使得轨形坯 8在轧制过程中温度分布 均勾， 能够有效改善轧后钢轨断面微观组织和力学性能的均勾性。
采用立式方式轧制钢轨，可改善钢轨卧式轧制时的非对称性， 解决了卧式轧 制时钢轨由于受到重力影响产生的倾翻力使得上下辊轧制条件不对称而导致成 品尺寸偏差的现象， 使轧制得到的钢轨尺寸精度更好； 因此， 采用立式方式轧制 钢轨， 轨形坯的变形完全对称， 消除了外界冷却水、 自身重力等影响因素对钢轨 成型过程的影响， 而且轧制条件对称， 有利于减少轧制负荷、 提高钢轨各面的加 工精度， 提高钢轨断面微观组织和性能的均勾程度；
通过将轨形坯 8在万能立式粗轧机和立式轧边机 23之间进行至少两个轧程 的往复可逆式连轧， 并最后在万能立式精轧机 26精轧后成型， 使得本实施例的 万能立式钢轨轧制方法所需的由至少一台万能立式轧机、 至少一台轧边机 23和 一台万能立式精轧机 26组成的生产线的长度更短， 即能够有效减少万能立式轧 机、 立式轧边机 23的数量和减小车间厂房面积， 节省投资成本， 由于生产线更 短， 能够减少轨形坯在运输过程中的热损失， 方便钢轨轧制过程中的温度控制。
本实施例步骤 2) 所述的万能立式粗轧机为两台， 立式轧边机 23为一台并 设置在两台万能立式粗轧机之间，且两台万能立式粗轧机之间的间隔距离均小于 轨形坯 8的长度，万能立式精轧机 26独立设置， 且万能立式精轧机 26与最近的 一台万能立式粗轧机 24之间的间隔距离大于轨形坯 8的长度， 即适用于本实施 例万能立式钢轨轧制方法的万能立式钢轨轧制生产线的布置方式为 UrErU2+UF1 0 采用该结构的万能立式钢轨轧制生产线， 通过将两台能立式粗轧 机之间的间隔距离设置为小于轨形坯 8的长度，能够实现对轨形坯 8的往复轧制， 能够减小往复轧制的轧程次数和减小生产线的长度， 节约投资成本。
进一步， 步骤 2)所述往复可逆式连轧过程中， 在线调整两台万能立式粗轧 机和一台立式轧边机 23的辊缝， 将轨形坯 8在两台万能立式粗轧机和一台立式 轧边机 23之间进行往复可逆式连轧变形； 在最后一道轧程中， 将靠近万能立式 精轧机 26的一台万能立式粗轧机 24 的辊缝打开使轨形坯空过， 将立式轧边机 23、 万能立式精轧机 26和远离万能立式精轧机 26的一台万能立式粗轧机 22的 辊缝设置为设定值， 将轨形坯 8依次通过远离万能立式精轧机 26的一台万能立 式粗轧机 22和立式轧边机 23轧制后， 进入万能立式精轧机 26对其进行最后一 道次精轧成型。 如图 10所示， 往复可逆式连轧过程中轧程的次数根据设计要求 确定。本实施例的万能立式粗轧机 12和万能立式精轧机 14均采用立辊为主传动 辊、 水平辊为辅传动辊或带驱动轧辊的传动方式， 立式轧边机 13轧辊驱动装置 置于轧辊上侧或下侧。
进一步， 远离万能立式精轧机 26的一台万能立式粗轧机 22的入口侧和万 能立式精轧机 22的入口侧分别设有除磷装置 II， 在第一道轧程和最后一道轧程 中， 利用除磷装置 Π对轨形坯表面进行除磷处理。 提高轨形坯 8的表面质量， 除磷介质可为高压水， 也可为压缩空气。
进一步，远离万能立式精轧机 26的一台万能立式粗轧机 22的入口侧、靠近 万能立式精轧机 26的一台万能立式粗轧机 24的出口侧和万能立式精轧机 26的 入口侧均设有用于控制轨形坯轧制温度的冷却装置 Π 21,25,27， 通过冷却装置 II 对轨形坯的轧制温度进行在线控制。结合轨形坯 8轧制变形工艺需要形成控制冷 却、控制轧制工艺， 具体的轧制温度控制和变性参数可根据不同钢轨规格、 钢种 制订并得出相应的控制轧制控制冷却工艺。 本实施例冷却装置 Π 的结构与第一 实施例的冷却装置 I的结构相同， 不再累述
万能立式精轧机 14的钢轨立式万能孔型为由四个轧辊组成的全万能孔型或 由三个轧辊组成的半万能孔型， 本实施例的万能立式精轧机 14的钢轨立式万能 孔型选用半万能孔型。
最后说明的是， 以上优选实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制， 尽 管通过上述优选实施例已经对本发明进行了详细的描述，但本领域技术人员应当 理解，可以在形式上和细节上对其作出各种各样的改变， 而不偏离本发明权利要 求书所限定的范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种紧凑式万能立式钢轨轧制方法， 其特征在于： 包括如下步骤：
1 ) 翻转： 将轨形坯翻转为其头部位于腿部上方的立式状态；
2) 轧制： 将步骤 1 ) 中翻转后的轨形坯进入紧凑布置的往复式万能立式轧 机机组中进行轧制， 所述往复式万能立式轧机机组包括至少一台万能立式粗轧 机、至少一台立式轧边机和一台万能立式精轧机，将所述轨形坯在所述万能立式 粗轧机和立式轧边机之间进行至少两个轧程的往复可逆式连轧后，将轨形坯在所 述万能立式粗轧机、立式轧边机和万能立式精轧机中进行最后一个轧程的精轧成 型。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的紧凑式万能立式钢轨轧制方法， 其特征在于： 步 骤 2)所述的万能立式粗轧机和立式轧边机均为一台， 所述立式轧边机设置在所 述万能立式粗轧机与万能立式精轧机之间，且所述万能立式粗轧机和万能立式精 轧机之间的间隔距离小于轨形坯的长度。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的紧凑式万能立式钢轨轧制方法， 其特征在于： 步 骤 2)所述往复可逆式连轧过程中， 所述万能立式精轧机的轧辊打开让轨形坯空 过， 并在各轧程间隙， 在线调整所述万能立式粗轧机和立式轧边机的轧辊辊缝， 将轨形坯在万能立式粗轧机和立式轧边机之间进行往复可逆式连轧变形；在最后 一道轧程中，调整万能立式粗轧机、立式轧边机和万能立式精轧机的辊缝至设定 值，将轨形坯在万能立式粗轧机、立式轧边机和万能立式精轧机之间进行连续精 轧成型。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的紧凑式万能立式钢轨轧制方法， 其特征在于： 所 述万能立式粗轧机的入口侧还设有除磷装置 I，在第一道轧程和最后一道轧程中， 利用除磷装置 I对轨形坯表面进行除磷处理。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的紧凑式万能立式钢轨轧制方法， 其特征在于： 所 述万能立式粗轧机的入口侧和万能立式精轧机的出口侧分别设有用于控制轨形 坯轧制温度的冷却装置 I， 通过冷却装置 I对轨形坯的轧制温度进行在线控制。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的紧凑式万能立式钢轨轧制方法， 其特征在于： 步 骤 2)所述的万能立式粗轧机为两台， 立式轧边机为一台并设置在两台万能立式 粗轧机之间， 且两台万能立式粗轧机之间的间隔距离小于轨形坯的长度，所述万 能立式精轧机独立设置，且万能立式精轧机与最近的一台万能立式粗轧机之间的 间隔距离大于轨形坯的长度。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的紧凑式万能立式钢轨轧制方法， 其特征在于： 步 骤 2)所述往复可逆式连轧过程中， 在线调整两台万能立式粗轧机和一台立式轧 边机的辊缝，将轨形坯在两台万能立式粗轧机和一台立式轧边机之间进行往复可 逆式连轧变形； 在最后一道轧程中，将靠近万能立式精轧机的一台万能立式粗轧 机的辊缝打开使轨形坯空过，将立式轧边机、万能立式精轧机和远离万能立式精 轧机的一台万能立式粗轧机的辊缝设置为设定值，将轨形坯依次通过远离万能立 式精轧机的一台万能立式粗轧机和立式轧边机轧制后，进入万能立式精轧机对其 进行最后一道次精轧成型。
8、 根据权利要求 6所述的紧凑式万能立式钢轨轧制方法， 其特征在于： 远 离所述万能立式精轧机的一台万能立式粗轧机的入口侧和万能立式精轧机的入 口侧分别设有除磷装置 II， 在第一道轧程和最后一道轧程中， 利用除磷装置 II 对轨形坯表面进行除磷处理。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的紧凑式万能立式钢轨轧制方法， 其特征在于： 远 离所述万能立式精轧机的一台万能立式粗轧机的入口侧、靠近所述万能立式精轧 机的一台万能立式粗轧机的出口侧和万能立式精轧机的入口侧均设有用于控制 轨形坯轧制温度的冷却装置 II，通过所述冷却装置 II对轨形坯的轧制温度进行在 线控制。
10、 根据权利要求 1-8 任一项所述的紧凑式万能立式钢轨轧制方法， 其特 征在于：所述万能立式精轧机的钢轨立式万能孔型为由四个轧辊组成的全万能孔 型或由三个轧辊组成的半万能孔型；所述万能立式粗轧机和万能立式精轧机均采 用立辊为主传动辊、 水平辊为辅传动辊或带驱动轧辊的传动方式。
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CN111069278A (zh) * 2019-11-27 2020-04-28 攀钢集团攀枝花钢钒有限公司 控制钢轨轨高高点缺陷的方法
CN111112327B (zh) * 2020-01-20 2021-11-19 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 万能轧机有限参与的钢轨生产工艺
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