WO2014115845A1 - 臭素イオンを含む環境での耐食性に優れたチタン合金 - Google Patents
臭素イオンを含む環境での耐食性に優れたチタン合金 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
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- the present invention relates to a titanium alloy, and more particularly, to a titanium alloy having excellent corrosion resistance (such as crevice corrosion resistance and acid resistance in an environment containing bromine ions) and economy.
- Titanium is actively utilized in the field of aircraft, etc., taking advantage of its light and strong characteristics. Titanium has excellent corrosion resistance, and therefore has been widely used for chemical industrial equipment materials, thermal / nuclear power generation equipment materials, and seawater desalination equipment materials. . *
- titanium alloys containing platinum group elements in titanium have been proposed, standardized, and used in various applications. . *
- the anode electrode used for electrolysis is used in a high concentration of 20-30% brine containing hydrochloric acid at a high temperature of 100 ° C. or higher.
- a platinum group element-containing titanium alloy is used at a site where crevice corrosion is a problem.
- the reaction vessel is exposed to a high concentration sulfuric acid solution at a high temperature exceeding 100 ° C. containing slurry.
- a platinum group element-containing titanium alloy is used as a material for the reaction vessel.
- heat transfer tubes used in the salt production field are exposed to high temperature and high concentration salt water, and heat transfer tubes used for heat exchange of incinerator exhaust gas are exposed to exhaust gas containing chlorine, NO x , and SO x. It is.
- a platinum group element-containing titanium alloy is used for these heat transfer tubes.
- a reaction vessel of a desulfurization apparatus used for petroleum refining is exposed to high-temperature hydrogen sulfide.
- a platinum group element-containing titanium alloy is used.
- Gr. which is a Ti-0.15Pd alloy.
- No. 7 (“Gr.” (Grade) is based on the ASTM standard. The same applies hereinafter) is a titanium alloy developed so that corrosion resistance can be obtained in the above-described applications. Pd contained in this titanium alloy can reduce the hydrogen overvoltage and maintain the natural potential in the passive region. That is, Pd eluted from this alloy due to corrosion is re-deposited and deposited on the surface of the alloy, thereby reducing the hydrogen overvoltage of this alloy and maintaining the natural potential in the passive region. Shows corrosion resistance. *
- Gr. 7 is very expensive (for example, according to the Nihon Keizai Shimbun morning edition dated December 13, 2012, 1905 yen / g), its field of use was limited.
- the Pd content is 0.03 to 0.1% by mass, Gr.
- a titanium alloy (Gr. 17) having excellent crevice corrosion resistance while being reduced as compared with 7 is proposed and put into practical use. *
- Patent Document 2 listed below contains a total of 0.01 to 0.12% by mass of one or more platinum group elements as a titanium alloy that can be manufactured at low cost while suppressing a decrease in corrosion resistance, and contains Al, Cr, Zr. , Nb, Si, Sn, and Mn, a titanium alloy containing 5% by mass or less in total is disclosed.
- a titanium alloy containing 5% by mass or less in total is disclosed.
- sufficient corrosion resistance can be obtained when Pd is in the range of 0.01 to 0.12% by mass.
- corrosion resistance has become insufficient, particularly when the Pd content is less than 0.05% by mass.
- Non-Patent Document 1 in the Ti—Pd alloy, by adding Co, Ni or V as the third element, the crevice corrosion resistance is improved, but sufficient crevice corrosion resistance is obtained. From this point of view, the Pd content is required to be 0.05% by mass or more.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a titanium alloy to which 0.005 to 0.2% by mass of Ru is added. As shown in Examples in this document, in order to obtain sufficient crevice corrosion resistance, the amount of Ru added to the titanium alloy has to be 0.05% by mass or more.
- Patent Document 4 listed below discloses a system material in which Ru and Ni are added in addition for the purpose of further improving corrosion resistance.
- This material has not only crevice corrosion resistance but also excellent corrosion resistance in an environment containing a non-oxidizing acid such as sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid.
- Ti-0.06Ru-0.5Ni which is an alloy within the composition range shown in Patent Document 4 below is Gr. It has been standardized as 13 and put into practical use as a corrosion-resistant titanium alloy. However, by adding Ni, a Ti 2 Ni compound is precipitated in the titanium alloy. Due to this compound precipitation, the titanium alloy has a workability such as elongation of Gr. There was a problem that it was inferior to 17.
- Patent Document 5 and Patent Document 6 disclose materials in which a platinum group, a rare earth element, and a transition element are added in combination.
- these are all titanium alloys for ultra-high vacuum containers or ultra-high vacuum containers.
- the reason why platinum group and rare earth elements are added is that, in an ultra-high vacuum, the effect of suppressing the phenomenon in which gas components dissolved in the material are diffused and released to the vacuum side. To get.
- the platinum group has an action of trapping hydrogen and the rare earth element trapping oxygen in the titanium alloy.
- transition elements of Co, Fe, Cr, Ni, Mn, and Cu are essential elements in addition to the platinum group and rare earth elements.
- the transition element is said to have a role of fixing atomic hydrogen adsorbed on the vacuum vessel surface by the platinum group.
- none of these Patent Documents 5 and 6 considers corrosion resistance, and does not mention corrosion resistance in an environment containing bromine ions.
- This invention is made
- the present inventors have clarified (i) a mechanism for developing corrosion resistance in a Ti—Pd alloy and studied to contain an element that promotes a surface state that is preferable for improving corrosion resistance. Further, in the case of a Ti—Ru alloy, investigation was made on improving the corrosion resistance. (ii) We studied to obtain corrosion resistance equal to or higher than conventional ones and excellent corrosion resistance in the presence of bromine ions at low platinum group element content. *
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining the mechanism of the development of corrosion resistance of Ti—Pd alloy and Ti—Pd—Co alloy.
- the surfaces of Ti—Pd alloy and Ti—Pd—Co alloy are active in the initial state before being immersed in the solution.
- an acid solution such as boiling hydrochloric acid
- Ti and Pd on the surface, or Ti, Pd and Co are dissolved, and dissolved Pd, or Pd and Co are precipitated on the surface and concentrated.
- the hydrogen overvoltage of the titanium alloy as a whole is lowered. For this reason, this titanium alloy is maintained at a passive region potential and exhibits excellent corrosion resistance.
- the present inventors investigated the Ti—Ru alloy, and confirmed that the corrosion resistance of the Ti—Ru alloy was ensured by the same mechanism as that of Ti—Pd. However, when Pd and Ru of the same addition amount are compared under the same other conditions, the effect of improving the corrosion resistance is greater with Pd. In order to obtain the same corrosion resistance, it became clear that more Ru needs to be added. *
- Patent Document 4 Ru and Ni are added in combination, and Ti 2 Ni 1-x Ru x (a compound in which a part of Ni in Ti 2 Ni is substituted with Ru in a titanium base material) It is disclosed that high corrosion resistance can be obtained without adding a lot of Ru. However, a titanium alloy added with a large amount of Ni has a problem that workability such as elongation is inferior.
- the inventors of the present invention have prepared an alloy base material that is generated at an early stage after the immersion in the solution so that the Ru--alloy can be quickly and uniformly deposited on the surface and concentrated after the Ti-Ru alloy is immersed in the acid solution.
- the Ru in the solution in the vicinity of the surface of the alloy can be obtained. It is considered that a sufficient amount of Ru precipitates and concentrates on the surface of the alloy immediately after increasing the ion concentration to bring the alloy to the passive region potential.
- Ru precipitation concentration Even if the Ru content of the alloy is low, if Ru precipitation enrichment occurs, the hydrogen overvoltage of the Ti—Ru alloy decreases rapidly, and the Ti—Ru alloy becomes more noble and stable (passive region). Potential). *
- Non-Patent Document 3 pitting corrosion and crevice corrosion occur in pure titanium under an environment containing bromine. Crevice corrosion has been considered not to occur in Ti—Pd based titanium alloys, but may occur in chloride environments containing bromine ions. As a result of various studies on this problem, the present inventors have found that the resistance to corrosion caused by bromine is improved by concentrating Ru on the surface.
- the present inventors have found that the rare earth element corresponds to such an element, and further selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Mo, Cr, V and W together with Ru and the rare earth element 1. It has been found that the resistance to corrosion caused by bromine is further improved by a synergistic effect when more than seeds are contained. In addition, although Ru was demonstrated, it is thought that the resistance with respect to the corrosion resulting from a bromine improves similarly about other platinum group elements, such as Pd. *
- the rare earth element itself does not have the effect of improving the corrosion resistance of the alloy.
- the rare earth element is different in action from the additive elements disclosed in Patent Documents 2 to 4 and Non-Patent Document 1. *
- Patent Documents 5 and 6 are different from those of the present invention. That is, the action of rare earth elements in both inventions of Patent Documents 5 and 6 will be described in a comparative form (content is% by weight).
- Patent Documents 5 and 6 Titanium alloys have large oxygen solid solubility. When used in high vacuum applications, rare earth elements are added to fix oxygen as an oxide for the purpose of suppressing solute oxygen from diffusing through the alloy and being released in a gaseous state to the vacuum atmosphere. In order to obtain this effect, 0.02% is the lower limit of the rare earth element. In addition, if added over 0.5%, the ductility is lowered due to the precipitated oxide. Therefore, the upper limit of rare earth elements is set to 0.5%.
- the present invention when a titanium alloy containing a platinum group element is immersed in an aqueous chloride solution environment, dissolution occurs in the active state region, and the platinum group element precipitates and concentrates on the surface, so that the entire alloy has a passive region potential. Transition to (nominal potential).
- Rare earth elements have the effect of shortening the potential noble time and increasing the surface concentration of platinum group elements. In order to obtain this effect, it is desirable that the rare earth element is in the solid solution range of the titanium alloy.
- the lower limit for obtaining the effect is 0.001%, and the upper limit is 0.1%. This is because if it exceeds 0.1%, a compound of titanium and rare earth is generated, and the corrosion resistance may be deteriorated.
- Patent Documents 5 and 6 The role of rare earth elements in Patent Documents 5 and 6 is to react with oxygen dissolved in a titanium alloy to generate an oxide.
- the action is in promoting the enrichment of platinum group elements on the surface of the titanium alloy in a wet corrosion environment, and the action is completely different.
- a desirable rare earth element component is in a solid solution range, and has a rare earth content that is small compared to Patent Documents 5 and 6.
- the present invention has been completed based on this finding, and the gist of the following (1) to (7) titanium alloys. *
- Ti contains one or more selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Mo, V, Cr and W, and the Ni content is 1.0 mass% or less, The Co content is 1.0 mass% or less, the Mo content is 0.5 mass% or less, the V content is 0.5 mass% or less, and the Cr content is 0.5 mass% or less.
- the titanium alloy of the present invention has excellent corrosion resistance, particularly corrosion resistance in an environment containing bromine ions. If Ru, which is an inexpensive platinum group element, is used, the raw material cost of the titanium alloy is reduced. When the platinum group element content is high (for example, higher than 0.05% by mass), when damage occurs to remove the passive film due to surface flaws, etc., corrosion starts from this damage. It becomes difficult. *
- rare earth elements Y is inexpensive.
- the rare earth element is Y, the raw material cost is reduced.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining a mechanism of developing corrosion resistance of a Ti—Pd (—Co) alloy. It is a schematic diagram of the test piece for a crevice corrosion test, (a) is a top view, (b) is a side view. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state of the test piece at the time of using for a crevice corrosion test (ASTM G78). It is a graph which shows the relationship between Y content and corrosion rate of Ti alloy containing Pd0.02% in Example 2 (96-hour average). It is a graph which shows the change of the surface Pd density
- the titanium alloy of the present invention is in mass%, platinum group element: 0.01 to 0.10%, rare earth element: 0.001 to less than 0.02%, O: 0 to 0.1 mass. %, With the balance being Ti and impurities.
- platinum group element 0.01 to 0.10%
- rare earth element 0.001 to less than 0.02%
- O 0 to 0.1 mass. %
- Platinum group element has the effect of reducing the hydrogen overvoltage of the titanium alloy and maintaining the natural potential in the passive region, and is an essential component for the corrosion resistant titanium alloy.
- the titanium alloy of the present invention contains, for example, Ru among these platinum group elements. Ru is a preferable element from the viewpoint of ensuring low cost and economy as compared with other platinum group elements. At the market price in January 2012, Ru is about 1/6 of Pd. *
- the titanium alloy is added with a platinum group element and a rare earth element in a complex manner.
- the effect which suppresses is acquired.
- the platinum group element content is set to 0.01 to 0.10 mass%.
- the corrosion resistance of the titanium alloy becomes insufficient, and corrosion may occur in a high concentration chloride aqueous solution at a high temperature.
- the content of the platinum group element is higher than 0.10% by mass, improvement in corrosion resistance cannot be expected, raw material costs increase, and workability is inferior.
- the content of platinum group elements having ⁇ -stabilizing action such as Ru is preferably set to 0.01 to 0.05% by mass, for example. This is because the titanium alloy of the present invention has the same corrosion resistance as that of a conventional titanium alloy having a platinum group element content higher than 0.05% by mass even in this range of platinum group element content.
- the higher the Ru content the faster the potential at the site where wrinkles occur and the surface is repaired (restoration of the passive film), so that corrosion starting from the damage occurs. Hateful.
- the titanium alloy of the present invention is suitable for applications in severe usage environments where the passive film may be damaged.
- Rare earth elements 2-1. Reasons for Inclusion of Rare Earth Elements The present inventors examined the incorporation of trace amounts of various elements that are easily dissolved in a high-concentration chloride aqueous solution environment at a high temperature into a Ti-0.04 mass% Ru alloy. A titanium alloy containing such an element was immersed in an aqueous chloride solution and dissolved in the active state region. And it was investigated whether the effect which makes the whole alloy transfer to the electric potential of a passive region by promoting the precipitation density
- the Ru content in the Ru-containing titanium alloy is not limited to 0.04% by mass, but is in the range of 0.01 to 0.05% by mass and more than 0.05% by mass. It was found that the same effect can be obtained even in the case of high. That is, by adding a rare earth element to a titanium alloy having a Ru content in the range of 0.01 to 0.10% by mass, the titanium alloy can be quickly released from Ti and Ru as soon as it is exposed to a corrosive environment. It was found that the Ru ion concentration in the solution near the surface of the titanium alloy can be rapidly increased (Ru precipitation concentration occurs).
- the Ru-containing titanium alloy containing rare earth elements is easier to obtain the efficiency of precipitating Ru on the surface than the Ru-containing titanium alloy not containing rare earth elements, and the dissolution amount (corrosion amount) of the entire titanium alloy is small. Also, Ru can be precipitated efficiently and is excellent in corrosion resistance. In addition, although Ru was demonstrated, it is thought that the resistance with respect to the corrosion resulting from a bromine improves similarly about other platinum group elements, such as Pd. *
- the rare earth elements include Sc, Y, light rare earth elements (La to Eu) and heavy rare earth elements (Gd to Lu).
- a mixed rare earth element Misch metal, hereinafter also referred to as “Mm”
- didymium alloy alloy consisting of Nd and Pr
- Mm and didymium alloys can be used in the present invention in any rare earth element composition ratio as long as they are commercially available.
- Rare earth element content The range of the rare earth element content in the titanium alloy of the present invention is 0.001 to less than 0.02 mass%. If the content of the rare earth element is 0.001% by mass or more, in the active state region of the Ti-platinum group element alloy, Ti, the platinum group element, and the rare earth element are simultaneously dissolved in the chloride aqueous solution, The effect of promoting the precipitation of platinum group elements on the alloy surface is sufficiently obtained.
- the upper limit of the rare earth element content is less than 0.02% by mass because not only the effect is saturated even if the rare earth element is contained more than this content, but the compound that does not form when the rare earth element is not contained is Ti. This is because it may be formed in the alloy. This compound is preferentially dissolved in an aqueous chloride solution to cause pit-like corrosion in the Ti-platinum group element alloy. Therefore, the Ti-platinum group element alloy produced by this compound is inferior in corrosion resistance as compared with the case where no rare earth element is contained. *
- the rare earth element content in the Ti-platinum group element alloy is preferably below the solid solubility limit of ⁇ -Ti shown in the phase diagram and the like.
- the solid solubility limit of Y in ⁇ -Ti is 0.02% by mass (0.01 at%). Therefore, when Y is contained, the Y content is preferably less than 0.02% by mass.
- the solid solubility limit of La in ⁇ -Ti is very large as 2.84 mass% (1 at%). However, even when La is contained, the content of La is set to less than 0.02% by mass from the viewpoint of ensuring economic efficiency. *
- the titanium alloy of the present invention contains less than 0.1% by mass of O.
- the reason why the O content is less than 0.1% by mass is to ensure good workability in addition to corrosion resistance.
- Ti has a large oxygen solid solubility, and Ti (JIS type 2 to 4 type titanium) having a high solid solution oxygen concentration is intentionally used for applications requiring high strength.
- the solid solution of oxygen is effective for increasing the strength, but on the other hand, the workability may be deteriorated.
- the upper limit of the O content is set to 0.1% by mass.
- the O content is preferably less than 0.05% by mass. *
- Ni, Co, Mo, V, Cr, and W In the titanium alloy of the present invention, one or more of Ni, Co, Mo, V, Cr, and W may be contained instead of a part of Ti. In this case, combined with the effects of the platinum group element and the rare earth element, the corrosion resistance of the titanium alloy in an environment containing bromine ions can be improved.
- the content is Ni: 1.0 mass% or less, Co: 1.0 mass% or less, Mo: 0.5 mass% or less, V: 0.5 mass% Hereinafter, Cr: 0.5 mass% or less, W: 0.5 mass% or less.
- Impurity elements As impurity elements in the titanium alloy, Fe, O, C, H, and N mixed from raw materials, melting electrodes, and the environment, and Al, Zr, Nb, Si, Sn mixed when scrap is used as a raw material, Mn and Cu are mentioned. There is no problem even if these impurity elements are mixed in as long as they do not significantly impair the effects of the present invention.
- the amount that does not significantly inhibit the effect of the present invention is Fe: 0.3 mass% or less, O: less than 0.1 mass%, C: 0.18 mass% or less, H: 0.015 mass %: N: 0.03 mass% or less, Al: 0.3 mass% or less, Zr: 0.2 mass% or less, Nb: 0.2 mass% or less, Si: 0.02 mass% or less, Sn: 0.2% by mass or less, Mn: 0.01% by mass or less, Cu: 0.1% by mass or less, and the total of these elements is 0.6% by mass or less.
- Test method 1-1 Sample Table 1 shows the sample used in the test and its composition (analytical values for elements other than Ti, where Ti is the balance (bal.)). *
- comparative materials As samples used for the test, comparative materials (sample numbers 1 to 4), which are conventional materials, examples of the present invention (sample numbers 5 to 8 corresponding to claim 1, and sample numbers 12 to 18 corresponding to claim 2)
- examples of the present invention examples of the present invention
- sample numbers 9 to 12 titanium alloys of examples outside the scope of the present invention
- the comparative materials 1 to 3 were obtained in the city, and the samples other than these (including the comparative material 4) were prototyped in a laboratory.
- the comparative material 4 employs a Ti—Ru alloy composition disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Document 3 and “excellent in crevice corrosion resistance and bending workability”. *
- Comparative material 1 is Gr. 7.
- Comparative material 2 is Gr. 17, Comparative material 3 is Gr. 13.
- Comparative materials 1 to 4 are all alloys containing no rare earth element. *
- Invention Examples 1 and 4 The Ru content is less than 0.05 mass%, and the oxygen content is less than 0.05 mass%.
- Invention Example 2 The Ru content is less than 0.05% by mass, and the oxygen content is 0.05% by mass or more.
- Invention Example 3 The Ru content is 0.05% by mass or more and the oxygen content is less than 0.05% by mass.
- Invention Example 5 Contains Ni.
- Invention Example 6 Contains Co.
- Invention Example 7 Contains Cr.
- Invention Example 8 Contains Mo.
- W is contained.
- Invention Example 10 V is contained.
- Invention Example 11 Contains Cr, Co, Mo, W, and V.
- Examples 1 to 11 have a rare earth element content of less than 0.02%.
- Example 1 outside the scope of the present invention The O content exceeds 0.10% by mass, which is outside the scope of the present invention.
- Example 2 outside the scope of the present invention It is outside the scope of the present invention in that the Ru content is less than 0.01% by mass.
- Example 3 outside the scope of the present invention It is outside the scope of the present invention in that the rare earth element content is 0.02% by mass or more.
- raw materials used for the preparation of samples are commercially available pure Ti sponge (JIS type 1), ruthenium (Ru) powder (purity 99.9% by mass) manufactured by Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd.
- the wrought yttrium (Y) (purity 99.9% by mass) and bulk Mm (mixed rare earth elements) were manufactured.
- the rare earth element ratio in Mm was La: 28.6% by mass, Ce: 48.8% by mass, Pr: 6.4% by mass, and Nd: 16.2% by mass. *
- Sample preparation method The above raw materials are weighed at a predetermined ratio for each sample to be prepared, and melted (melted) in an argon atmosphere in an arc melting furnace to prepare five ingots (weight per ingot is 80 g). Thereafter, all of these five ingots were redissolved together to prepare a square ingot having a thickness of 15 mm. This square ingot was redissolved for homogenization, and a square ingot having a thickness of 15 mm was produced again. That is, the dissolution was performed three times in total. *
- the heat-treated square ingot was rolled under the following conditions to obtain a plate material having a thickness of 2.5 mm.
- [Beta] -phase region hot rolling Rolling so that the heating temperature is 1000 ° C. and the thickness is reduced from 15 mm to 9 mm.
- ⁇ + ⁇ phase region hot rolling The sheet material after the ⁇ phase region hot rolling is rolled so that the heating temperature is 875 ° C. and the thickness is reduced from 9 mm to 2.5 mm. *
- the plate material obtained by rolling was annealed at 750 ° C. for 30 minutes in a vacuum to remove strain. From the obtained hot-rolled sheet, a test piece used for the following test was obtained by machining. *
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a test piece for a crevice corrosion test, (a) is a plan view, and (b) is a side view. As shown in the figure, this test piece has a thickness of 2 mm and a width and a length of 30 mm. A hole having a diameter of 7 mm is formed in the center of the test piece. Further, one surface (front surface) of the test piece is polished with emery paper having a particle size of # 600. *
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a state of a test piece when subjected to a crevice corrosion resistance test.
- the test piece 1 was sandwiched by clevis (spacer) 2 made of polytrifluoride ethylene from both sides.
- clevis spacer
- a hole is formed corresponding to the hole of the test piece 1.
- a plurality of grooves are formed on one surface of the clevis 2, and the surface on which the grooves are formed is brought into contact with the test piece 1. By this groove, a gap is formed between the test piece 1 and the clevis 2.
- the bolt 3 was inserted into the hole of the test piece 1 and the hole of the clevis 2, the nut 4 was fitted to the bolt 3, and the test piece 1 and the clevis 2 were tightened.
- the bolt 3 and the nut 4 are obtained by oxidizing pure Ti bolts and nuts in the atmosphere by heating with a burner.
- the torque during tightening was 40 kgf ⁇ cm. *
- Crevice corrosion resistance test in an environment containing bromine ions Add bromine ion concentration to the NaCl aqueous solution used to perform the above-mentioned "crevice corrosion resistance test in an environment that does not substantially contain bromine ions". A test under the same conditions as in the “crevice corrosion resistance test in an environment containing substantially no bromine ions” and an evaluation were performed, except that an aqueous solution containing 0.01 mol / L was used for the corrosion test. *
- the bending test was performed by a method based on JISJZ 2248, and the T-direction adhesion bendability was evaluated. *
- Table 2 shows the results of the crevice corrosion resistance test.
- Table 2 shows the results of the crevice corrosion resistance test in an environment substantially free of bromine ions.
- “40” in the denominator is the number of gaps formed between the test piece 1 and the clevis 2 by the groove of the clevis 2.
- the number of molecules is the number of portions where corrosion has occurred in the portion corresponding to the gap on the surface of the test piece 1.
- test results in the above “environment substantially free of bromine ions” are as follows. Samples that did not corrode at all for 40 gaps were all of the examples of the present invention (Invention Examples 1 to 4 and 5 to 11), Comparative Materials 1 to 3, and Examples 1 and 3 outside the scope of the present invention. there were. In these samples, oxidation coloring was observed in portions other than the portion corresponding to the gap, and a slight weight increase due to this oxidation was recognized. *
- Example 1 outside the scope of the present invention, the L direction elongation was poor, and cracking occurred in the T direction close contact bending.
- Example 2 outside the scope of the present invention, both the results of T-direction contact bending and L-direction elongation were good.
- Example 3 outside the scope of the present invention, cracks occurred in the T-direction contact bending, although the L-direction elongation was large.
- Inventive Examples 1, 3, and 4 have better processability than Inventive Example 2, whereas the O content of Inventive Examples 1, 3, and 4 is less than 0.05% by mass. Thus, it is considered that the O content in Invention Example 2 corresponds to 0.05% by mass or more (however, it is less than 0.1% by mass and within the scope of the present invention). .
- Inventive Examples 5 to 11 are inferior in workability compared to Inventive Examples 1, 3, and 4 because Inventive Examples 5 to 11 contain Ni, Cr, Co, Mo, W, or V. it is conceivable that. *
- Example 3 outside the scope of the present invention exceeds the rare earth element content range (0.01 to 0.10% by mass) in the present invention, and this sample contains a compound containing rare earth elements. It was generated. The cracks generated in the T-direction close contact bending of Example 3 outside the scope of the present invention are presumed to have originated from this compound. *
- Table 4 shows the result of calculating the cost of the platinum group element in the raw material cost based on the ratio of the platinum group element contained in the sample. In the calculation, the platinum group element metal price was set to 1905 yen / g for Pd and 300 yen / g for Ru. *
- Platinum group element cost is the cost (yen) of the platinum group element occupying 1 kg of the titanium alloy
- Platinum group element relative cost is when the platinum group element cost of the comparative material 1 is 100. It is a cost ratio of the platinum group element of each sample. Assuming the above metal price, the cost of the platinum group element of the present invention example is 1/10 or less of the cost of the platinum group element of the comparative material 1, and the cost of the platinum group element of the comparative material 2 Even if it compares, it is 1/4 or less.
- Table 5 shows the results of comprehensive evaluation of the comparative material and the inventive example.
- each evaluation item is evaluated in three stages: ⁇ (excellent), ⁇ (slightly inferior), and x (inferior). *
- the present invention may be slightly inferior (Example 2 of the present invention), and the workability may be when the O content is 0.05 mass% or more, or with Ni, Cr, Co, Mo. , W, or V is considered to be worse. Therefore, when used for applications where workability is important, the titanium alloy of the present invention has an O content of less than 0.05% by mass and substantially contains Ni, Cr, Co, Mo, W, and V. Shall not. *
- the comparative materials are inferior with respect to any of the evaluation items.
- any of the comparative materials is at a level that can be substantially used. Absent.
- Example 2 Titanium alloy composition used in Example 2 The following confirmation experiment was conducted to clarify the optimum rare earth content and to confirm that Ru of the platinum group species has excellent bromine corrosion resistance.
- Table 6 shows the composition of the titanium alloy used in Example 2. An alloy having the composition shown in Table 6 was obtained according to the method for preparing the sample shown in Example 1. *
- the comparative materials 5 and 6 have rare earth elements less than 0.001%, both of which are outside the scope of the present invention.
- a titanium alloy plate for crevice corrosion test shown in FIG. 2 was obtained from the materials shown in Table 6 by machining, and a crevice corrosion test piece shown in FIG. 3 was constructed using the test piece. The torque during tightening was 40 kgf ⁇ cm. This crevice corrosion test piece was subjected to a crevice corrosion test in an environment containing bromine ions shown in 1-2-3. *
- Table 7 shows the results obtained as a result of the 500 hour crevice corrosion test.
- the comparative material 5 containing no rare earth many crevice corrosion was observed, and 325 mg of corrosion weight loss was recognized.
- crevice corrosion was recognized also by the comparative material 6 with insufficient rare earth, and 32 mg of corrosion weight loss was recognized.
- the desirable rare earth content in an environment containing bromide ions is considered to be 200 ppm or less.
- Invention Examples 12 to 15 whose rare earth contents were within the scope of the present invention had no crevice corrosion, and the corrosion weight loss was small. *
- crevice corrosion test pieces of the materials of the present invention 16 to 19 having different Ru contents were subjected to a crevice corrosion test in an environment containing bromine ions shown in 1-2-3.
- an Erichsen test defined in JISZ2247 was conducted to investigate the press formability of materials.
- the titanium alloy of the present invention can be applied to facilities and equipment used in an environment where corrosion resistance in an environment containing bromine ions is required (in particular, a high-temperature and high-concentration chloride environment).
Abstract
Description
食や隙間腐食が発生する。隙間腐食は、Ti-Pd系チタン合金では、発生しないと考えられてきたが、臭素イオンを含む塩化物環境では発生することがある。本発明者らは、この問題に対して種々の検討をおこなったところ、Ruを表面に濃化させることにより、臭素に起因する腐食に対する耐性が向上することを見出した。
質量%で、白金族元素:0.01~0.05%を含有する、(1)または(2)に記載のチタン合金。
前記白金族元素がRuである、(1)~(3)のいずれか1項に記載のチタン合金。
化学プラント装置に用いられる、(1)~(6)のいずれか1項に記載のチタン合金。
する。 本発明例11:Cr、Co、Mo、W、およびVを含有する。 本発明例1~11は希土類元素含有率が0.02%未満である。 本発明範囲外の例1:O含有率が0.10質量%を超える点で、本発明の範囲を外れている。 本発明範囲外の例2:Ru含有率が0.01質量%未満である点で、本発明の範囲を外れている。 本発明範囲外の例3:希土類元素含有率が0.02質量%以上である点で、本発明の範囲を外れている。
を示す。
Claims (7)
- 臭素イオンを含む環境で使用されるチタン合金であって、 質量%で、白金族元素:0.01~0.10%、希土類元素:0.001~0.02%未満、O:0~0.1質量%未満を含有し、残部がTiおよび不純物からなる、チタン合金。
- Tiの一部に替えて、Ni、Co、Mo、V、CrおよびWからなる群から選択される1種以上を含有し、Niの含有率が1.0質量%以下であり、Coの含有率が1.0質量%以下であり、Moの含有率が0.5質量%以下であり、Vの含有率が0.5質量%以下であり、Crの含有率が0.5質量%以下であり、Wの含有率が0.5質量%以下である、請求項1に記載のチタン合金。
- 質量%で、白金族元素:0.01~0.05%を含有する、請求項1または2に記載のチタン合金。
- 前記白金族元素がRuである、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のチタン合金。
- 前記希土類元素がYである、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のチタン合金。
- Oの含有率が0.05質量%未満である、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のチタン合金。
- 化学プラント装置に用いられる、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のチタン合金。
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EP14743073.0A EP2889386B1 (en) | 2013-01-25 | 2014-01-24 | Titanium alloy having excellent corrosion resistance in environment containing bromine ions |
CN201480005739.XA CN104955970B (zh) | 2013-01-25 | 2014-01-24 | 含溴离子的环境下耐蚀性优异的钛合金 |
JP2014517317A JP5660253B2 (ja) | 2013-01-25 | 2014-01-24 | 臭素イオンを含む環境での耐食性に優れたチタン合金 |
US14/431,865 US20150240332A1 (en) | 2013-01-25 | 2014-01-24 | Titanium alloy having high corrosion resistance in bromine-ion-containing environment |
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EP (1) | EP2889386B1 (ja) |
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KR20230076896A (ko) * | 2021-11-22 | 2023-06-01 | 한국생산기술연구원 | 석출경화형 타이타늄 합금의 가공방법 |
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US10227677B2 (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2019-03-12 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | Titanium alloy |
WO2017018508A1 (ja) * | 2015-07-29 | 2017-02-02 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | チタン複合材および熱間圧延用チタン材 |
JP6308330B2 (ja) * | 2015-11-10 | 2018-04-11 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | チタン合金、チタン材、セパレータ、セル、および固体高分子型燃料電池 |
CN108467970B (zh) * | 2018-03-23 | 2020-12-25 | 中国石油天然气集团公司管材研究所 | 一种用于高腐蚀性油气开发的含铁钛合金管及其制备方法 |
CN108893651A (zh) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-11-27 | 中南大学 | 一种高强高韧耐蚀性钛合金及其制备方法 |
CN110747372B (zh) * | 2019-09-04 | 2021-03-12 | 宝钛集团有限公司 | 100%返回炉料制备低成本高强度钛合金板材及其制备方法 |
JP6787528B1 (ja) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-11-18 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | チタン合金 |
CN116837239A (zh) * | 2022-03-21 | 2023-10-03 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | 一种耐海洋微生物腐蚀钛合金的制备方法 |
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