WO2014103407A1 - Dispositif de climatisation - Google Patents

Dispositif de climatisation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014103407A1
WO2014103407A1 PCT/JP2013/066606 JP2013066606W WO2014103407A1 WO 2014103407 A1 WO2014103407 A1 WO 2014103407A1 JP 2013066606 W JP2013066606 W JP 2013066606W WO 2014103407 A1 WO2014103407 A1 WO 2014103407A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
gas
heat exchanger
flow rate
heat source
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2013/066606
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
瑞朗 酒井
松本　崇
寿守務 吉村
直史 竹中
宏樹 岡澤
外囿　圭介
森本　修
博文 ▲高▼下
Original Assignee
三菱電機株式会社
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Publication date
Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to JP2014554174A priority Critical patent/JP5855284B2/ja
Publication of WO2014103407A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014103407A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
    • F25B2313/0231—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units with simultaneous cooling and heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
    • F25B2313/0233—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units in parallel arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
    • F25B2313/0272—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using bridge circuits of one-way valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
    • F25B2313/02741—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using one four-way valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/23—Separators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an air conditioner in which a plurality of indoor units are connected to a heat source unit, and an air conditioning operation can be selected for each indoor unit.
  • Patent Document 1 There is known an air conditioner in which a heat source unit (outdoor unit) and a plurality of indoor units are connected by a first connection pipe and a second connection pipe via a repeater (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
  • the multi-room type air conditioner of Patent Document 1 can perform a cooling operation and a heating operation at the same time such that a cooling operation is performed in one indoor unit and a heating operation is performed in another indoor unit.
  • a switching valve for switching the first connection pipe to a low pressure and the second connection pipe to a high pressure is provided between the first and second connection pipes.
  • the piping and the plurality of indoor units are connected via the second flow rate control device.
  • the 2nd connection piping and the piping which connects a some indoor unit, and the 1st connection piping are connected via the 3rd flow control apparatus.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioner that can prevent a decrease in heat exchange efficiency of a heat source side heat exchanger. .
  • An air conditioner is an air conditioner in which a plurality of indoor units are connected to an outdoor unit including a compressor, a heat source side heat exchanger, and an accumulator, and cooling operation or heating operation can be selected.
  • the outdoor unit switches the refrigerant flow path between the compressor and the heat source side heat exchanger, and switches to the heating flow path that flows from the heat source side heat exchanger to the suction side of the compressor during the heating operation.
  • a flow path switch that switches to a cooling flow path that flows from the discharge side of the compressor to the heat source side heat exchanger during operation, and refrigerant that has flowed out of the plurality of indoor units provided on the side flowing in from the plurality of indoor units.
  • the gas-liquid separator to be separated, the liquid refrigerant separated from the gas-liquid by the gas-liquid separator to the heat source side heat exchanger via the flow path switch, and the gas-liquid separator are separated by the gas-liquid separator.
  • Side of the gas that flows into the suction side of the accumulator A flow controller for adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the pipe, the gas side pipe, and a flow control device for controlling the operation of the flow regulator according to the state of the refrigerant flowing in the outdoor unit.
  • the flow rate regulator is controlled to return the liquid refrigerant to the gas side pipe so that the outlet refrigerant temperature of the heat source side heat exchanger in the machine has a superheat degree.
  • the gas-liquid separator is inserted between the plurality of indoor units and the outdoor unit, and the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing from the gas-liquid separator to the suction side of the compressor via the gas-side pipe is set in the outdoor unit.
  • the outlet refrigerant temperature of the heat source side heat exchanger to have a superheat degree
  • the gas refrigerant and a small amount of liquid refrigerant unnecessary for heat exchange can be bypassed by the gas-liquid separator.
  • the refrigerant state of the heat source side heat exchanger from the liquid side pipe of the gas-liquid separator is changed to a state of good heat exchange efficiency by controlling the flow rate on the gas side pipe side. A decrease can be prevented.
  • FIG. 3 is a Ph diagram during a heating operation of the air conditioner of FIG. 2. It is a refrigerant circuit figure which shows the flow of the refrigerant
  • FIG. 5 is a Ph diagram during a cooling operation of the air conditioner of FIG. 4. It is a refrigerant circuit figure which shows the flow of the refrigerant
  • FIG. 7 is a Ph diagram during heating main operation of the air conditioner of FIG. 6. It is a refrigerant circuit figure which shows the flow of the refrigerant
  • FIG. 9 is a Ph diagram during cooling-main operation of the air conditioner of FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the periphery site
  • Embodiment 3 of the air conditioning apparatus of this invention It is a schematic diagram which shows Embodiment 3 of the air conditioning apparatus of this invention. It is a graph which shows the relationship of the product Vst * f of the refrigerant
  • FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing Embodiment 1 of an air-conditioning apparatus 100 according to the present invention, and a refrigerant circuit configuration of the air-conditioning apparatus 100 will be described based on FIG.
  • An air conditioner 100 in FIG. 1 performs a cooling operation and a heating operation using a refrigeration cycle (heat pump cycle) for circulating refrigerant, and is a multi-room type air conditioner that performs heating and cooling for a plurality of rooms.
  • a refrigeration cycle heat pump cycle
  • the air conditioner 100 includes an outdoor unit (heat source unit) 101, a relay unit 102, and a plurality of indoor units 103a to 103c.
  • an outdoor unit (heat source unit) 101 receives outdoor signals from a base station.
  • a relay unit 102 receives indoor signals from a base station.
  • indoor units 103a to 103c receives indoor signals from the base station.
  • FIG. 1 a case where one outdoor unit 101, one relay unit 102, and three indoor units 103a to 103c are connected is illustrated, but two or more outdoor units are connected. 101, two or more repeaters 102, and two or more indoor units 103a to 103c may be connected.
  • the outdoor unit 101 includes a compressor 1, a first flow path switch 2, a heat source side heat exchanger 3, an accumulator 4, check valves 5a to 5d, a gas-liquid separator 6, a gas side pipe 7, a liquid side pipe 8, A flow controller 9 and the like are provided.
  • the compressor 1 sucks and compresses refrigerant to bring it into a high temperature / high pressure state, and is composed of, for example, a scroll compressor, a vane compressor, or the like.
  • the first flow path switching device 2 switches between the heating flow path and the cooling flow path in accordance with switching of the operation mode of the cooling operation or the heating operation, and includes, for example, a four-way valve.
  • the first flow path switching device 2 connects the heat source side heat exchanger 3 and the accumulator 4 and also connects the discharge side of the compressor 1 and the check valve 5c at the time of heating only operation (at the time of heating main operation). Let Then, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows toward the indoor units 103a to 103c.
  • the first flow path switching device 2 connects the check valve 5a and the accumulator 4, and also connects the discharge side of the compressor 1 and the heat source side heat exchanger 3 to each other. Connect. Then, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows to the heat source side heat exchanger 3 side.
  • a four-way valve is used as the 1st flow path switching device 2
  • the heat source side heat exchanger 3 performs heat exchange between the refrigerant and air (outside air).
  • air for example, a heat transfer pipe that allows the refrigerant to pass therethrough, and a heat transfer area between the refrigerant that flows through the heat transfer pipe and the outside air. It has the structure provided with the fin for enlarging (refer FIG. 11).
  • the heat source side heat exchanger 3 may be of any other system such as a water-cooled type, for example, as long as the refrigerant exchanges heat with another fluid.
  • the heat source side heat exchanger 3 is connected to the first flow path switch 2 and the check valves 5b and 5d, respectively.
  • the heat source side heat exchanger 3 functions as an evaporator that evaporates and vaporizes the refrigerant during the heating operation and the heating main operation, and functions as a condenser that condenses and liquefies the refrigerant during the cooling only operation and the cooling main operation. .
  • the accumulator 4 is provided on the suction side of the compressor 1 and stores the refrigerant flowing in from the heat source side heat exchanger 3 or the gas-liquid separator 6.
  • the compressor 1 sucks and compresses the gas refrigerant among the refrigerant stored in the accumulator 4. Thereby, the liquid back of the refrigerant
  • the flow path forming unit 5 includes a plurality of indoors in both the heating flow path (see FIGS. 2 and 6) and the cooling flow path (see FIGS. 4 and 8) switched by the first flow path switch 2.
  • the refrigerant path flowing out to the units 103a to 103c and the refrigerant path flowing in the refrigerant from the plurality of indoor units are set in a fixed direction, and is composed of four check valves 5a to 5d.
  • the check valve 5 a is located between the first flow path switch 2 and the low pressure pipe 11 and allows the refrigerant flow from the low pressure pipe 11 toward the first flow path switch 2.
  • the check valve 5 b is located between the low pressure pipe 11 and the heat source side heat exchanger 3 and allows the refrigerant flow from the low pressure pipe 11 toward the heat source side heat exchanger 3.
  • the check valve 5 c is located between the first flow path switch 2 and the high pressure pipe 12 and allows the refrigerant flow from the first flow path switch 2 to the high pressure pipe 12.
  • the check valve 5 d is located between the heat source side heat exchanger 3 and the high pressure pipe 12 and allows the refrigerant flow from the heat source side heat exchanger 3 toward the high pressure pipe 12.
  • the gas-liquid separator 6 separates the refrigerant flowing from the relay 102 through the low pressure pipe 11 into a gas refrigerant (gas phase refrigerant) and a liquid refrigerant (liquid phase refrigerant).
  • a gas side pipe 7 is connected to the upper part of the gas-liquid separator 6, and a liquid side pipe 8 is connected to the lower part of the gas-liquid separator 6.
  • the gas side pipe 7 is connected to the inlet or the inside of the accumulator 4, and the gas refrigerant separated in the gas-liquid separator 6 flows out to the gas side pipe 7 side.
  • the liquid side pipe 8 is connected to the heat source side heat exchanger 3 or the accumulator 4 via check valves 5a and 5b, and is switched by switching according to the operation mode of the flow path of the first flow path switching device 2.
  • the refrigerant flows out to the heat source side heat exchanger 3 or the accumulator 4 side.
  • the gas side pipe 7 is not limited to the case where the gas refrigerant flows, but also means that the gas refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant are mixed and flowed by the liquid back.
  • the liquid side pipe 8 is not limited to the case where only the liquid refrigerant flows, but includes the case where the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flows.
  • the flow regulator 9 is provided on the gas side pipe 7 and adjusts the flow rate of the gas refrigerant flowing through the gas side pipe 7.
  • the flow rate regulator 9 is composed of a throttle device represented by, for example, LEV (linear electronic expansion valve), an on-off valve for turning on / off the refrigerant flow by opening and closing.
  • LEV linear electronic expansion valve
  • the relay unit 102 divides the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor unit 101 into a plurality of indoor units 103a to 103c.
  • the outdoor unit 101 and the relay unit 102 are connected via a low pressure pipe 11 and a high pressure pipe 12. Yes.
  • a high-pressure refrigerant flows from the outdoor unit 101 side to the relay unit 102 side in the high-pressure pipe 12
  • a low-pressure refrigerant flows from the relay unit 102 side to the plurality of indoor units in the low-pressure pipe 11 as compared to the refrigerant flowing in the high-pressure pipe 12. It means flowing to the 103a to 103c side.
  • the relay unit 102 and each indoor unit 103a to 103c are connected via a liquid pipe and a gas pipe, and the relay unit 102 switches the flow of refrigerant according to the operation mode of the indoor unit 103a to indoor unit 103c. It has a function.
  • the relay machine 102 includes a gas-liquid separator 21, a second flow path switching unit 22, inter-refrigerant heat exchangers 24 and 25, flow rate control devices 26 and 27, and the like.
  • the gas-liquid separator 21 separates the refrigerant flowing from the outdoor unit 101 via the high-pressure pipe 12 into a gas refrigerant and a liquid refrigerant.
  • a gas phase portion (not shown) from which the gas refrigerant flows out of the gas-liquid separator 21 is connected to the second flow path switch 22.
  • the liquid phase part (not shown) from which the liquid refrigerant flows out of the gas-liquid separator 21 is connected to the first inter-refrigerant heat exchanger 24.
  • the second flow path switch 22 switches the refrigerant flow by opening and closing according to the operation mode of each of the indoor units 103a to 103c.
  • the second flow path switch 22 switches the first on / off valves 22a to 22c and the second on / off valves 23a to 23c.
  • One ends of the first on-off valves 22a to 22c are connected to the gas-liquid separator 21, and the other ends are connected to the liquid pipes of the indoor units 103a to 103c.
  • One end of each of the second on-off valves 23a to 23c is connected to the gas pipe side of each of the indoor units 103a to 103c, and the other end is connected to the low pressure pipe 11 via the pipes 21a to 21c.
  • the opening and closing of the first on-off valves 22a to 22c and the second on-off valves 23a to 23c are independently controlled based on the operation modes of the indoor units 103a to 103c. Specifically, during the heating operation of the indoor units 103a to 103c, the first on / off valves 22a to 22c are opened and the second on / off valves 23a to 23c are closed. Then, the refrigerant flows from the gas-liquid separator 21 side to the indoor units 103a to 103c side (see FIG. 2). On the other hand, during the cooling operation of the indoor units 103a to 103c, the first on-off valves 22a and 22b are closed and the second on-off valves 23a and 23b are opened.
  • the refrigerant flows from the indoor units 103a and 103b to the low-pressure pipe 11 (see FIG. 4).
  • the first on-off valves 22a to 22c and the second on-off valves 23a to 23c are configured by electromagnetic valves is illustrated, for example, a three-way valve or the like may be used.
  • the first flow control device (throttle device) 26 is provided in a connecting pipe between the first refrigerant heat exchanger 24 and the second refrigerant heat exchanger 25, and controls the opening degree based on the operation mode. Then, the flow rate of refrigerant flowing from the gas-liquid separator 21 and the pressure of the refrigerant are adjusted.
  • the second flow rate control device (throttle device) 27 is provided in the bypass pipe on the upstream side of the second inter-refrigerant heat exchanger 25, and controls the opening and adjusts the refrigerant flow rate and the refrigerant pressure. .
  • the first inter-refrigerant heat exchanger 24 is provided in a connection pipe between the gas-liquid separator 21 and the first flow rate control device 26, and the refrigerant flowing out of the gas-liquid separator 21 and the second inter-refrigerant heat. Heat exchange is performed with the refrigerant flowing out of the exchanger 25.
  • the second inter-refrigerant heat exchanger 25 performs heat exchange between the refrigerant flowing out from the first flow control device 26 and the refrigerant flowing out from the second flow control device 27.
  • the plurality of indoor units 103a to 103c have usage side heat exchangers 30a to 30c and indoor unit side expansion devices 31a to 31c, respectively.
  • the use side heat exchangers 30a to 30c exchange heat between the air in the air-conditioning target space and the refrigerant, function as an evaporator that evaporates and vaporizes the refrigerant during heating operation, and the refrigerant during the cooling operation. It functions as a condenser that condenses and liquefies.
  • An air blower (not shown) may be provided in the vicinity of each of the use side heat exchangers 30a to 30c in order to efficiently exchange heat between the refrigerant and the air.
  • the indoor unit side throttling devices 31a to 31c are composed of, for example, an electronic expansion valve that can change the opening, and are connected in series to the use side heat exchangers 30a to 30c.
  • the indoor unit side throttling devices 31a to 31c function as pressure reducing valves and expansion valves, and adjust the pressure of the refrigerant passing through the use side heat exchangers 30a to 30c.
  • each outdoor unit 101 and each indoor unit 103a to 103c constitute a refrigeration cycle circuit in which the relay unit 102, the low pressure pipe 11, and the high pressure pipe 12 are connected.
  • the air conditioning apparatus 100 has a configuration that can be operated in four operation modes by switching the refrigerant flow paths of the first flow path switch 2 and the second flow path switch 22.
  • the air conditioner 100 includes a cooling only operation mode in which all of the indoor units 103a to 103c perform a cooling operation, a heating only operation mode in which all of the indoor units 103a to 103c perform a heating operation, and an indoor unit 103a.
  • Cooling operation or heating operation can be selected for each of 103 to 103c, cooling main operation mode having a larger cooling load, and cooling operation or heating operation can be selected for each of indoor units 103a to 103c, and heating main operation mode having a larger heating load It is. Below, each operation mode is demonstrated with the flow of a refrigerant
  • FIG. 2 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing the flow of the refrigerant in the heating only operation mode
  • FIG. 3 is a Ph diagram showing the transition of the refrigerant in the heating only operation mode of FIG. 2, with reference to FIG. 2 and FIG.
  • a heating only operation mode in which all the indoor units 103a to 103c are heated will be described.
  • the flow of the refrigerant is indicated by a thick line
  • the refrigerant states at points a1 to f1 shown in FIG. 3 are refrigerant states at the portions shown in FIG.
  • the compressor 1 and the check valve 5c are connected, and the flow path is switched so that the heat source side heat exchanger 3 and the accumulator 4 are connected. Further, in the second flow path switching unit 22 on the relay machine 102 side, the first on-off valves 22a to 22c are opened and the second on-off valves 23a to 23c are closed.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 1 and discharged as a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant compression process in the compressor 1 is represented by the line shown from the point a1 to the point b1 in FIG.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 in FIG. 2 flows into the relay 102 via the first flow path switch 2, the check valve 5 c, and the high-pressure pipe 12.
  • the relay unit 102 the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant passes through the first on-off valves 22a to 22c of the second flow path switching unit 22 via the gas-liquid separator 21 and flows into the indoor units 103a to 103c.
  • the high-pressure gas refrigerant that has flowed into each of the indoor units 103a to 103c is condensed by heat exchange when passing through the use side heat exchangers 30a to 30c, and passes through the indoor unit side expansion devices 31a to 31c. .
  • heat is exchanged between the refrigerant and the room air in the usage-side heat exchangers 30a to 30c, whereby the room air is heated by the refrigerant, and the air-conditioning target space (room) is heated.
  • the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the use side heat exchangers 30a to 30c is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the indoor unit side expansion devices 31a to 31c.
  • the change of the refrigerant in the use side heat exchangers 30a to 30c is represented by a slightly inclined straight line that is inclined slightly from the point b1 to the point c1 in FIG.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the outdoor unit 101 flows into the gas-liquid separator 6, and the gas-liquid separator 6 separates the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant.
  • the gas refrigerant flows into the inlet or the inside of the accumulator 4 through the gas side pipe 7 and the flow rate regulator 9.
  • the liquid refrigerant flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 3 through the liquid side pipe 8 and the check valve 5b.
  • the refrigerant change in the gas-liquid separator 6 is indicated by a broken line indicated by points d1 to f1 in FIG. 3 for the gas refrigerant separated from gas and liquid and from points d1 to e1 in FIG. 3 for the liquid refrigerant separated in gas and liquid.
  • a broken line indicated by points d1 to f1 in FIG. 3 for the gas refrigerant separated from gas and liquid and from points d1 to e1 in FIG. 3 for the liquid refrigerant separated in gas and liquid.
  • the liquid refrigerant that has flowed into the heat source side heat exchanger 3 in FIG. 2 is heated by exchanging heat with outdoor air and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant change in the heat source side heat exchanger 3 is represented by a slightly inclined straight line that is slightly inclined from the point e1 to the point a1 in FIG.
  • a part of the gas refrigerant is bypassed, so that the pressure loss of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 is reduced.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant exiting the heat source side heat exchanger 3 in FIG. 2 flows into the accumulator 4 through the first flow path switch 2. Thereafter, the refrigerant in the accumulator 4 is sucked into the compressor 1 and compressed.
  • [Cooling operation mode] 4 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing the refrigerant flow in the cooling only operation mode
  • FIG. 5 is a Ph diagram showing the transition of the refrigerant in the cooling only operation mode of FIG. 4, with reference to FIG. 4 and FIG.
  • a cooling only operation mode in which all of the indoor units 103a to 103c are cooled will be described.
  • the flow of the refrigerant is indicated by a thick line
  • the refrigerant states at points a2 to f2 shown in FIG. 5 are the refrigerant states at the portions shown in FIG.
  • the compressor 1 and the heat source side heat exchanger 3 are connected, and the check valve 5a (gas-liquid separator 6) and the accumulator 4 are connected.
  • the flow path is switched.
  • the second flow path switching unit 22 on the relay machine 102 side the first on-off valves 22a to 22c are closed and the second on-off valves 23a to 23c are opened.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 1 and discharged as a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant compression process of the compressor 1 is compressed so as to be heated rather than being adiabatically compressed by an isentropic line corresponding to the adiabatic efficiency of the compressor 1.
  • the refrigerant change in the compressor 1 is represented by the line shown from the point a2 to the point b2 in FIG.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 in FIG. 4 flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 3 through the first flow path switch 2.
  • the refrigerant is cooled while heating the outdoor air, and becomes a medium temperature and high pressure liquid refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant change in the heat source side heat exchanger 3 is represented by a slightly inclined horizontal line shown from the point b2 to the point c2 in FIG.
  • the medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant is cooled by the first inter-refrigerant heat exchanger 24 via the gas-liquid separator 21 to increase the degree of supercooling, and the first flow control device 26 converts it to an intermediate-pressure liquid refrigerant. It is squeezed until it becomes, and it cools with the 2nd heat exchanger 25 between refrigerants.
  • the cooling process at this time is represented by a point c2 to a point d2 in FIG.
  • the liquid refrigerant flowing out from the second inter-refrigerant heat exchanger 25 in FIG. 4 is distributed to the liquid refrigerant flowing to the indoor units 103a to 103c side and the liquid refrigerant flowing to the second flow rate control device 27 side.
  • the liquid refrigerant flowing to the indoor units 103a to 103c side is throttled to a low pressure in the indoor unit side throttling devices 31a to 31c, and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant change in the indoor unit side throttling devices 31a to 31c is performed under a constant enthalpy, and the refrigerant change is represented by a vertical line from point d2 to point e2 in FIG.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flows into the use-side heat exchangers 30a to 30c, exchanges heat with the air in the target space, and is evaporated and gasified.
  • the change of the refrigerant in the use side heat exchangers 30a to 30c is represented by a slightly inclined straight line that is slightly inclined from the point e2 to the point f2 in FIG.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed out of the use side heat exchangers 30a to 30c in FIG. 4 passes through the second on-off valves 23a to 23c of the second flow path switch 22 and the low-pressure pipe 11 and flows into the outdoor unit 101 side.
  • the liquid refrigerant distributed from the second inter-refrigerant heat exchanger 25 to the second flow rate control device 27 side is throttled to a low pressure in the second flow rate control device 27, and the second inter-refrigerant heat exchanger 25 and the first refrigerant are reduced. Heat is exchanged with the liquid refrigerant flowing from the gas-liquid separator 21 by the intermediate heat exchanger 24 to be evaporated and gasified.
  • the refrigerant flowing out of the first inter-refrigerant heat exchanger 24 merges with the refrigerant flowing out of the indoor units 103a to 103c, and flows into the outdoor unit 101 through the low-pressure pipe 11.
  • the gas refrigerant flows into the gas-liquid separator 6 of the outdoor unit 101, branches into two paths of the gas side pipe 7 and the liquid side pipe 8, and flows out to the accumulator 4.
  • the flow volume regulator 9 is set to full open, without adjusting.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing out to the gas side pipe 7 passes through the flow rate regulator 9 and flows into the accumulator 4.
  • the gas refrigerant that has flowed out to the liquid side pipe 8 flows into the accumulator 4 through the check valve 5 b and the first flow path switch 2.
  • the gas refrigerant branched by the gas-liquid separator 6 joins at or inside the accumulator 4 and flows into the compressor 1 to be compressed.
  • the cross-sectional area of the channel in the path from the gas-liquid separator 6 to the accumulator 4 can be increased. It becomes possible to reduce. Therefore, the compressor suction temperature is maintained high, the performance of the compressor 1 is improved, and a check valve or a solenoid valve for controlling the flow on the gas side pipe 7 is not required.
  • the refrigerant change from the gas-liquid separator 6 to the compressor 1 is represented by a straight line shown from a point f2 to a point a2 in FIG. 5, and when there is no gas-liquid separator 6, it passes through a path as shown by a broken line in FIG.
  • the performance of the compressor 1 can be improved by providing the gas-liquid separator 6.
  • FIG. 6 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing the refrigerant flow in the heating main operation mode
  • FIG. 7 is a Ph diagram showing the transition of the refrigerant in the heating main operation of FIG.
  • the flow of the refrigerant is indicated by a thick line
  • the refrigerant states at points a3 to f3 shown in FIG. 7 are refrigerant states at the portions shown in FIG.
  • the indoor units 103a to 103c the indoor units 103a and 103b perform heating operation
  • the indoor unit 103c performs cooling operation.
  • the compressor 1 and the check valve 5c are connected, and the flow path is switched so that the heat source side heat exchanger 3 and the accumulator 4 are connected.
  • the second flow path switching unit 22 on the relay machine 102 side the first on-off valves 22a and 22b are opened and the first on-off valve 22c is closed, and the second on-off valves 23a and 23b are closed and the second on-off valve is opened.
  • the valve 23c is opened.
  • the operation of the compressor 1 is started.
  • a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant is sucked and compressed by the compressor 1 and discharged as a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant change in the compressor 1 is represented by the line shown from the point a3 to the point b3 in FIG.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows into the relay 102 via the first flow path switch 2, the check valve 5c, and the high-pressure pipe 12.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant passes through the first on-off valves 22a and 22b of the second flow path switching unit 22 via the gas-liquid separator 21 and flows into the indoor units 103a and 103b.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant that has flowed into the indoor units 103a and 103b flows into the use-side heat exchangers 30a and 30b, and the use-side heat exchangers 30a and 30b are cooled while heating the indoor air. It becomes a high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant change in the use-side heat exchangers 30a and 30b is represented by a slightly inclined straight line that is slightly inclined from the point b3 to the point c3 in FIG.
  • the medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has flowed out of the use-side heat exchangers 30a and 30b branches into a liquid refrigerant that flows to the second flow rate control device 27 side and a liquid refrigerant that flows to the indoor unit 103c side.
  • the liquid refrigerant that has flowed to the indoor unit 103c side flows into the indoor expansion device 31c, expands and depressurizes, and enters a low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase state.
  • the refrigerant change by the indoor expansion device 31c is represented by the vertical line shown from the point c2 to the point d2 in FIG.
  • the low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant exiting the indoor expansion device 31c in FIG. 6 flows into the use-side heat exchanger 30c, and the refrigerant is heated while cooling the indoor air in the use-side heat exchanger 30c. It becomes a low-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant change in the use side heat exchanger 30c is represented by a slightly inclined horizontal line shown from the point d3 to the point e3 in FIG. Thereafter, the gas refrigerant flowing out from the use side heat exchanger 30 c in FIG. 6 flows into the low pressure pipe 11 through the second on-off valve 23 c of the second flow path switch 22.
  • the high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has flowed to the second flow rate control device 27 side is throttled and expanded (depressurized) by the second flow rate control device 27 to be in a low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase state.
  • the refrigerant change at this time is represented by the vertical line shown from the point c3 to the point f3 in FIG.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant exiting the second flow control device 27 in FIG. 6 flows into the low-pressure pipe 11 and joins the low-temperature and low-pressure vapor refrigerant flowing from the use side heat exchanger 30c, It flows into the machine 101 (point g3 in FIGS. 6 and 7).
  • the refrigerant change at this time is represented by a dashed arrow from point g3 to point i3 in FIG.
  • the liquid refrigerant separated in the gas-liquid separator 6 flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 3 through the liquid side pipe 8 and the check valve 5b.
  • the refrigerant change at this time is represented by a broken-line arrow from point g3 to point h3 in FIG.
  • the refrigerant absorbs heat from the outdoor air and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant change at this time is represented by a slightly inclined horizontal line shown from point h3 to point a3 in FIG.
  • the pressure loss of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 can be reduced.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant that has exited the heat source side heat exchanger 3 flows into the accumulator 4 through the first flow path switch 2. Then, the refrigerant staying in the accumulator 4 is sucked and compressed in the compressor 1.
  • FIG. 8 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing the refrigerant flow in the cooling main operation
  • FIG. 9 is a Ph diagram showing the transition of the refrigerant in the cooling main operation in FIG.
  • the flow of the refrigerant is indicated by a thick line
  • the refrigerant states at points a4 to f4 shown in FIG. 9 are refrigerant states at the portions shown in FIG.
  • the indoor unit 103a performs a heating operation
  • the indoor units 103b and 103c perform a cooling operation.
  • the compressor 1 and the heat source side heat exchanger 3 are connected, and the check valve 5a (gas-liquid separator 6) and the accumulator 4 are connected.
  • the flow path is switched.
  • the second flow path switching unit 22 on the relay machine 102 side the first on-off valve 22a is opened, the first on-off valves 22b, 22c are closed, the second on-off valve 23a is closed, and the second on-off valve 23b. , 23c are opened.
  • a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 1 and discharged as a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant compression process in the compressor 1 is represented by the line shown from the point a4 to the point b4 in FIG.
  • the refrigerant change in the heat source side heat exchanger 3 is represented by a slightly inclined straight line that is slightly inclined from the point b4 to the point c4 in FIG.
  • the medium-temperature and high-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant that has flowed out of the outdoor unit 101 flows into the gas-liquid separator 21 and is separated into gas and liquid, and the gas refrigerant flows out to the second flow path switching device 22 side.
  • the refrigerant flows out to the first inter-refrigerant heat exchanger 24 side.
  • the gas / liquid separator 21 separates the refrigerant into a gas refrigerant point d4 and a liquid refrigerant point e4.
  • the gas refrigerant that has flowed into the second flow path switch 22 in FIG. 8 flows into the indoor unit 103a through the first on-off valve 22a.
  • the refrigerant is cooled while heating the indoor air, and becomes a medium temperature and high pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the change of the refrigerant in the use side heat exchanger 30a is represented by a slightly inclined straight line that is slightly inclined from the point d4 to the point f4 in FIG. Thereafter, the gas refrigerant that has flowed out of the use-side heat exchanger 30a in FIG. 8 flows out to the relay 102 side.
  • the liquid refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator 21 flows into the first inter-refrigerant heat exchanger 24 and is cooled by exchanging heat with the low-pressure refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant change in the first inter-refrigerant heat exchanger 24 is represented by a substantially horizontal straight line shown from the point e4 to the point g4 in FIG.
  • the liquid refrigerant cooled by the first inter-refrigerant heat exchanger 24 in FIG. 8 is throttled until it becomes an intermediate-pressure liquid refrigerant by the first flow rate control device 26, and is cooled by the second inter-refrigerant heat exchanger 25.
  • the liquid refrigerant that has flowed to the indoor units 103b and 103c flows into the indoor unit side expansion devices 31b and 31c of the indoor units 103b and 103c. Then, the high-pressure liquid refrigerant is squeezed and decompressed by the indoor unit side expansion devices 31b and 31c to be in a low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase state.
  • the change of the refrigerant in the indoor unit side expansion devices 31b and 31c is performed under a constant enthalpy, and the refrigerant change at this time is represented by a vertical line from point h4 to point i4 in FIG.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant that has exited the indoor unit side expansion devices 31b and 31c in FIG. 8 flows into the use-side heat exchangers 30b and 30c that perform cooling.
  • the refrigerant is heated while cooling the room air, and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the change of the refrigerant in the usage-side heat exchangers 30b and 10c is represented by a slightly inclined straight line that is inclined slightly from the point i4 to the point j4 in FIG.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerants that have exited the use-side heat exchangers 30b and 30c in FIG. 8 flow into the low-pressure pipe 11 through the second on-off valves 23b and 23c of the second flow path switching unit 22, respectively.
  • the liquid refrigerant that has flowed from the second inter-refrigerant heat exchanger 24 to the second flow rate control device 27 side is throttled and expanded (depressurized) by the second flow rate control device 27 to be in a low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase state.
  • the low-temperature, low-pressure, gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant exiting the second flow control device 27 flows out from the second on-off valve 23 b side through the second inter-refrigerant heat exchanger 25 and the first inter-refrigerant heat exchanger 24. It merges with the gas refrigerant and flows into the outdoor unit 101 through the low pressure pipe 11.
  • the gas refrigerant that has passed through the low-pressure pipe 11 flows into the gas-liquid separator 6 and is gas-liquid separated.
  • the gas refrigerant flows out to the gas side pipe 7, and the liquid refrigerant flows out to the liquid side pipe 8.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing out to the gas side pipe 7 side passes through the flow rate regulator 9 and flows into the inlet or the inside of the accumulator 4.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing out to the liquid side pipe 8 side flows into the accumulator 4 through the check valve 5 b, the heat source side heat exchanger 3, and the first flow path switching unit 2. Then, the gas refrigerant staying in the accumulator 4 is sucked and compressed by the compressor 1.
  • both the gas side pipe 7 and the liquid side pipe 8 of the gas-liquid separator 6 are connected to the accumulator 4.
  • the gas-liquid separator 6 flows into the gas refrigerant single-phase state.
  • the flow rate regulator 9 on the gas side pipe 7 is set to a fully open state.
  • the gas side pipe 7 is connected to the accumulator 4 and the liquid side pipe 8 is connected to the heat source side heat exchanger 3.
  • Gas refrigerant unnecessary for heat exchange directly flows into the accumulator 4, and liquid refrigerant flows into the accumulator 4 after heat exchange in the heat source side heat exchanger 3.
  • the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the heat source side heat exchanger 3 can be reduced and the refrigerant can flow into the heat source side heat exchanger 3 in a liquid-rich state, so that pressure loss can be reduced and distribution characteristics can be reduced. Can be improved.
  • the state of the refrigerant that merges and returns through the indoor units 103a to 103c and the total refrigerant flow rate vary depending on the operating state of the indoor units 103a to 103c, the difference in the cooling operation and the heating operation, and the like. Then, depending on the state of the liquid refrigerant flowing into the heat source side heat exchanger 3 and the refrigerant flow rate, the cooling capacity of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 may be reduced.
  • the superheat degree of the refrigerant flowing into the heat source side heat exchanger 3 is preferably within a predetermined range, but the superheat degree is too small or too large depending on the operation state of each of the indoor units 103a to 103c.
  • the air conditioner 100 controls the flow rate regulator 9 on the gas side pipe 7 side based on the state of the refrigerant flowing in the heat source side heat exchanger 3 in the heating only operation mode and the heating main operation mode. By controlling the amount of gas refrigerant bypassed from the gas side pipe 7 side, control is performed so that the refrigerant flows through the heat source side heat exchanger 3 with good heat exchange efficiency.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a peripheral portion of the flow rate regulator 9 in the air conditioner 100 of FIG.
  • the air conditioning apparatus 100 of FIG. 10 includes a temperature sensor 41a, (pressure detection means) 42, and a flow rate control device 50.
  • the temperature sensor 41a and the saturation temperature detection device 42 are provided on the outlet side of the heat source side heat exchanger 3, and detect the refrigerant temperature Td and pressure Pout at the outlet of the heat source side heat exchanger 3, respectively.
  • the refrigerant temperature Td discharged from the heat source side heat exchanger 3 varies depending on the compressor frequency, the number of indoor units operating, the indoor unit cooling / heating ratio, the outside air temperature, and the like.
  • the saturation temperature detection device 42 detects the saturation temperature Te of the refrigerant in the heat source side heat exchanger 3, and includes, for example, a pressure sensor that detects the pressure on the outlet side of the heat source side heat exchanger 3.
  • the saturation temperature detection device 42 is not limited to detecting the pressure, and may detect the saturation temperature Te by detecting the temperature in the heat source side heat exchanger 3.
  • the flow controller 50 adjusts the opening degree of the flow controller 9 using the refrigerant temperature Td and the outlet side pressure Pout detected by the temperature sensor 41a and the saturation temperature detector 42. Specifically, the flow rate control device 50 adjusts the opening degree of the flow rate regulator 9 based on the superheat degree SH of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 during the heating only operation and the warm main operation.
  • a superheat degree calculation device 51 and an opening degree control device 52 are provided.
  • the superheat degree calculation device 51 stores the relationship between the outlet side pressure Pout and the saturation temperature Te in advance, and obtains the saturation temperature Te based on the outlet side pressure Pout detected by the saturation temperature detection device 42. It has become.
  • the heat source side heat exchanger 3 of FIG. 11 includes a plurality of refrigerant paths 3a and plate-like fins 3b into which the plurality of refrigerant paths 3a are inserted, and the refrigerant flows through each refrigerant path 3a. It is like that.
  • the refrigerant path 3a is composed of one or a plurality of refrigerant pipes, and the refrigerant flows into each refrigerant path 3a to exchange heat.
  • the temperature sensor 41a includes a temperature sensor 41a provided for each of the plurality of refrigerant paths 3a, and each temperature sensor 41a detects the temperature of the refrigerant in each refrigerant path 3a.
  • the superheat degree calculation device 51 calculates the superheat degree SH using the minimum value, maximum value, or average value of the refrigerant temperature detected by the plurality of temperature sensors 41a as the refrigerant temperature Td.
  • the heat source side heat exchanger 3 flows out of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 even when the heat source side heat exchanger 3 is enlarged and multi-passage is performed by the refrigerant path 3a.
  • the refrigerant temperature Td thus detected can be detected with high accuracy, and finer and more accurate control can be performed.
  • the opening degree control device 52 in FIG. 10 determines and controls the opening degree in the flow rate regulator 9 based on the superheat degree SH calculated by the superheat degree calculation device 51.
  • the opening degree control device 52 stores a set superheat degree SHref.
  • the set superheat degree SHref is preferably controlled at about 5 degrees, for example, and more preferably at about 1 to 3 degrees. Therefore, the opening degree control device 52 stores a range of, for example, 1 to 5 degrees as the set superheat degree SHref.
  • the opening degree control device 52 closes the opening degree of the flow rate regulator 9 by a predetermined amount, and reduces the flow rate of the gas refrigerant flowing through the gas side pipe 7. . Then, the superheat degree SH of the refrigerant flowing from the liquid side pipe 8 of the gas-liquid separator 6 to the heat source side heat exchanger 3 becomes low. As described above, the opening degree control device 52 decreases the opening degree of the flow rate regulator 9 until the superheat degree SH becomes equal to or lower than the set superheat degree SHref. Thereby, it becomes possible to bypass the gas refrigerant unnecessary for heat exchange.
  • the opening degree control device 52 opens the opening degree of the flow rate regulator 9 by a predetermined amount, and the flow rate of the gas refrigerant flowing through the gas side pipe 7 is increased. Enlarge. Then, the superheat degree SH of the refrigerant flowing from the liquid side pipe 8 of the gas-liquid separator 6 to the heat source side heat exchanger 3 is increased. The opening degree control device 52 increases the opening degree of the flow rate regulator 9 until the superheat degree SH becomes equal to or higher than the set superheat degree SHref. As a result, it is possible to prevent adverse effects caused by the superheat degree SH becoming too small.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing an operation example of the air conditioner 100 of FIG. 1, and the air conditioner 100 will be described with reference to FIGS.
  • the flow regulator 9 consists of variable flow path resistance is illustrated.
  • the flow rate regulator 9 is set to a fully closed state (no resistance).
  • the opening of the flow rate regulator 9 is initially set based on the operating frequency of the compressor 1, the number of indoor units operated, the ratio of the cooling operation / heating operation of the indoor units, etc. (step ST1).
  • Step ST2 the temperature sensor 41a and the saturation temperature detection device 42 detect the refrigerant temperature Td and the outlet side pressure Pout on the outlet side of the heat source side heat exchanger 3.
  • the saturation temperature Te corresponding to the outlet side pressure Pout is obtained, and the superheat degree SH that is the difference between the refrigerant temperature Td and the saturation temperature Te is calculated (step ST3).
  • the opening degree of the flow rate regulator 9 is controlled by the opening degree control device 52 so that the superheat degree SH falls within the range of the set superheat degree SHref (steps ST4 to ST7). Specifically, when the superheat degree SH is smaller than the set superheat degree SHref (step ST4), the opening degree of the flow rate regulator 9 is controlled to be increased by a predetermined amount (step ST5). Then, the flow rate of the gas refrigerant flowing from the gas side pipe 7 to the accumulator 4 increases, and the superheat degree SH increases. Control is performed such that the opening degree of the flow rate regulator 9 is opened until the superheat degree SH becomes equal to or higher than the set superheat degree SHref.
  • step ST6 when the superheat degree SH is larger than the set superheat degree SHref (step ST6), the opening degree of the flow rate regulator 9 is controlled to be reduced by a predetermined amount (step ST7). Then, the flow rate of the gas refrigerant flowing from the gas side pipe 7 to the accumulator 4 is decreased, and the superheat degree SH is decreased. Control is performed such that the opening degree of the flow rate regulator 9 is opened until the superheat degree SH becomes equal to or higher than the set superheat degree SHref.
  • the flow regulator 9 is a variable flow path resistance (electromagnetic LEV, throttle device, etc.), it is applicable also to the case where the on-off valve which only opens and closes is used. .
  • the flow rate regulator 9 is controlled to be opened when it becomes larger than the set superheat degree SHref, and the flow rate regulator 9 is closed when it becomes smaller than the set superheat degree SHref.
  • the gas-liquid separator 6 bypasses the gas refrigerant unnecessary for heat exchange. Then, only the liquid refrigerant necessary for heat exchange can be caused to flow into the heat source side heat exchanger 3, and the pressure loss of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 can be reduced.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the heat source side heat exchanger 3 is almost in a liquid state, the refrigerant distribution to each refrigerant path 3a in the heat source side heat exchanger 3 can be improved by being close to single phase distribution. .
  • the gas refrigerant that has flowed in not only during heating but also during cooling can be caused to flow into the gas side pipe 7 and the liquid side pipe 8.
  • the suction pressure loss of the compressor 1 can be reduced, the compressor suction temperature is maintained high, and the performance of the compressor 1 can be maintained high.
  • the flow rate control device 50 controls the flow rate of the gas refrigerant that is bypassed to the accumulator 4 based on the degree of superheat SH in the heat source side heat exchanger 3, thereby bypassing the gas refrigerant that is unnecessary for heat exchange and the heat source side.
  • the state of the liquid refrigerant flowing into the heat exchanger 3 can be set to the state set to the superheat degree SH optimum for heat exchange.
  • FIG. 13A is a graph showing changes in the dryness of the inlet in the gas side pipe 7 and the liquid side pipe 8 with respect to the opening degree of the flow rate regulator 9 during the heating operation or the heating main operation
  • FIG. FIG. 13C is a graph showing a change in the dryness of the outlet of the refrigerant flowing out from the heat source side heat exchanger 3 to the accumulator 4, and
  • FIG. 13C shows a change in entropy with respect to the opening of the flow rate regulator 9 during the heating operation or the heating main operation. It is a graph which shows. As shown in FIG.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing out from the gas side pipe 7 of the gas-liquid separator 6 remains at a dryness level of 1 until the opening degree of the flow rate regulator 9 reaches a predetermined amount.
  • the liquid refrigerant flowing out from the liquid side pipe 8 of the gas-liquid separator 6 decreases in dryness because the gas refrigerant flows out from the gas side pipe 7 until the opening degree of the flow rate regulator 9 reaches a predetermined amount. It has a characteristic that when it is opened more than a predetermined opening degree, the liquid phase (dryness is 0) remains unchanged.
  • the degree of dryness of the liquid refrigerant flowing out from the liquid-side pipe 8 changes at 0 or more even when the opening of the flow rate regulator 9 is opened by a predetermined value or more. In some cases. This occurs when the gas refrigerant is not completely separated by the gas-liquid separator and the gas refrigerant is mixed into the liquid refrigerant side.
  • the liquid refrigerant heat-exchanged by the heat source side heat exchanger 3 flows into the accumulator 4 as a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant having a predetermined dryness.
  • the superheat degree SH (or dryness) of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 gradually increases from the dryness degree 1 or less when the opening degree of the flow rate regulator 9 exceeds the predetermined opening degree.
  • the degree of superheat SH exceeds 1 degree.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing out from the gas side pipe 7 to the accumulator 4 is opened by a predetermined opening or more as described above, the dryness of the outlet is lowered by the liquid back from the dryness 1 state.
  • the heat exchanger outlet gradually increases in dryness and begins to have a superheat degree SH.
  • FIGS. 13A to 13C there is a predetermined opening at which the inlet dryness and the outlet dryness change.
  • the comparison between the superheat degree SH described above and the set superheat degree SHref means that the control is switched in the vicinity of the opening degree (control points in FIGS. 13A to 13C).
  • the dryness is always 1 at the outlet of the accumulator 4, and the refrigerant having passed through the heat source side heat exchanger 3 and the gas side pipe 7 becomes a gas having a dryness of 1 after joining. Therefore, when the refrigerant that has passed through the gas side pipe 7 is always a gas refrigerant (dryness of 1), the refrigerant that has passed through the heat source side heat exchanger 3 also has a dryness of 1, so that it does not become superheated steam.
  • the degree of superheat SH can be added to the outlet of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 by adjusting the flow rate regulator 9 so that a small amount of liquid refrigerant flows out from the gas side pipe 7 based on the degree of superheat SH. Therefore, the pressure loss in the heat source side heat exchanger 3 can be reduced.
  • the heat source side heat exchanger 3, the accumulator 4, and the gas-liquid separator 6 The gas-side pipe 7 through which the refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator 6 flows, and the flow rate regulator 9 provided on the gas-side pipe 7 to adjust the refrigerant flow rate flowing through the gas-side pipe 7,
  • the gas side pipe 7 is connected in front of the accumulator 4 and detects not the degree of superheat of the refrigerant temperature after the connection point but the degree of superheat of the outlet refrigerant temperature of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 before the connection point. Any circuit can be used.
  • FIG. FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing an air conditioner according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the air conditioner 200 will be described with reference to FIG.
  • symbol is attached
  • the air conditioner 200 in FIG. 14 is different from the air conditioner 100 in FIG. 10 in that the flow rate control device 250 controls the flow rate regulator 9 based on the pressure loss of the heat source side heat exchanger 3.
  • the air conditioner 200 in FIG. 14 includes an inlet-side pressure detector 241 that detects the refrigerant pressure on the inlet side of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 and an outlet side pressure that detects the refrigerant pressure on the outlet side of the heat source side heat exchanger 3. And a detection device 242.
  • the flow control device 250 includes a pressure loss calculation device 251 and an opening degree control device 252.
  • the pressure loss calculation device 251 calculates the difference between the inlet side pressure Pin and the outlet side pressure Pout detected by the pressure detection devices 241 and 242 as the pressure loss ⁇ P in the heat source side heat exchanger 3.
  • the opening degree control device 252 controls the opening degree of the flow rate regulator 9 according to the pressure loss ⁇ P calculated by the pressure loss calculation device 251.
  • the opening pressure control device 252 stores a set pressure loss ⁇ Pref in advance, and the opening control device 252 controls the opening of the flow rate regulator 9 by comparing the pressure loss ⁇ P with the set pressure loss ⁇ Pref.
  • the set pressure loss ⁇ Pref may be a predetermined value or a value having a predetermined width having a certain upper limit and lower limit.
  • the opening degree control device 52 opens the opening degree of the flow rate regulator 9 by a predetermined amount, and the flow rate of the gas refrigerant flowing through the gas side pipe 7 is increased. Enlarge. Then, the pressure loss ⁇ P of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 becomes small.
  • the opening degree control device 52 closes the opening degree of the flow rate regulator 9 by a predetermined amount and the flow rate of the gas refrigerant flowing through the gas side pipe 7. The smaller. Then, the pressure loss ⁇ P of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 increases. Thereby, the opening degree can be adjusted and controlled, and a gas refrigerant unnecessary for heat exchange can be bypassed.
  • FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing an operation example of the air conditioner of FIG. 14, and an operation example of the air conditioner 200 will be described with reference to FIGS.
  • the flow rate regulator 9 at the start of operation is fully closed, and the opening degree of the flow rate regulator 9 is adjusted based on the compressor frequency, the number of indoor units operated, the indoor unit cooling / heating ratio, and the like (step ST11).
  • the pressures Pin and Pout on the inlet side and the outlet side of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 are detected in the pressure detection devices 241 and 242 (step ST12).
  • the opening control device 252 the pressure loss ⁇ P and the set pressure loss ⁇ Pref are compared, and the opening control of the flow rate regulator 9 is performed (step ST14 to step ST17). Specifically, when the pressure loss ⁇ P is larger than the set pressure loss ⁇ Pref ( ⁇ P ⁇ Pref, step ST14), the opening degree control device 252 controls the opening degree of the flow rate regulator 9 to open the pressure loss ⁇ P. Control is performed so as to decrease and fall within the range of the set pressure loss ⁇ Pref (step ST15).
  • the opening degree control device 252 controls the flow rate regulator 9 to close the pressure loss ⁇ P to increase the set pressure loss ⁇ P. Control is performed so as to be within the range of ⁇ Pref.
  • FIG. FIG. 16 is a schematic view showing Embodiment 3 of the air conditioner of the present invention, and the air conditioner 300 will be described with reference to FIG.
  • symbol is attached
  • the air conditioner 300 in FIG. 16 is different from the air conditioner 100 in FIG. 10 in that the opening degree of the flow rate regulator 9 is adjusted based on the operating state of the compressor 1. Note that the flow rate regulator 9 is illustrated as a switching valve that switches between opening and closing.
  • the flow control device 350 in FIG. 16 calculates the refrigerant flow rate Gr based on the product Vst ⁇ f of the stroke volume Vst of the compressor 1 and the frequency f of the compressor 1 and the suction pressure Ps in the compressor 1.
  • a calculation device 351 and an opening degree control device 352 that controls the opening degree of the flow rate regulator 9 according to the refrigerant flow rate Gr calculated by the refrigerant flow rate calculation device 351 are provided.
  • the refrigerant flow rate Gr the following equation (1) is established in relation to the product of the stroke volume, the compressor frequency Vst ⁇ f, and the suction pressure Ps (or suction temperature).
  • coolant flow volume calculation apparatus 351 calculates the refrigerant
  • the opening control device 352 opens the flow regulator 9 if the refrigerant flow rate Gr calculated by the above equation (1) is larger than the preset refrigerant flow rate Grref, and opens the flow regulator 9 if smaller than the set refrigerant flow rate Grref. Is controlled to close.
  • the refrigerant flow rate Gr is different (Ps1, Ps2 in FIG. 17), and the opening degree control device 352 matches the operating state of the outdoor unit 101.
  • the opening / closing of the flow rate regulator 9 is controlled.
  • the gas refrigerant that flows in not only at the time of heating but also at the time of cooling is connected to the gas side pipe. It becomes possible to flow into the liquid side piping, and the suction pressure loss of the compressor 1 can be reduced, the compressor suction temperature is kept high, and the performance of the compressor 1 can be kept high.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates a case where the temperature sensor 41a is provided for each of the plurality of refrigerant paths 3a when the flow rate regulator 9 is controlled by the degree of superheat SH, but as shown in FIGS. 13A to 13C.
  • a configuration in which a pressure detection device is provided for each of the plurality of refrigerant paths 3a may be employed.
  • FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 a case where a switching valve is used as the flow rate regulator 9 is illustrated, but an electromagnetic valve or the like whose opening degree can be adjusted may be used.
  • the opening degree control device 352 has the opening degree of the flow rate regulator 9 set for each refrigerant flow rate Gr, and the opening degree control device 352 opens the flow rate regulator 9 set according to the refrigerant flow rate Gr. Control to a degree.
  • FIG. 18 and 19 are refrigerant circuit diagrams showing an air conditioner according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • the air conditioner 400 will be described with reference to FIGS. 18 and 19.
  • symbol is attached
  • the air conditioner 400 of FIG. 18 connects the first flow path switching unit 2 and the upstream side of the plurality of indoor units 103a to 103c without arranging the flow path forming unit 5 and the relay device 20, and
  • the gas-liquid separator 6 is connected to the downstream side of the indoor units 103a to 103c.
  • control method in the present invention may be a refrigerant circuit having a plurality of indoor units 103a to 103c as shown in FIG. 18 and switching between the cooling operation and the heating operation in each of the indoor units 103a to 103c.
  • the air conditioning apparatus 400 of FIG. 19 has the one indoor unit 103 provided with the expansion valve 28 and the utilization side heat exchanger 30 with respect to the one outdoor unit 101, and gas-liquid-separates it.
  • a flow rate control device 50 for controlling the opening degree of the flow rate regulator 9. Any other configuration may be used.
  • the pressure loss of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 can be reduced.
  • the amount of heat exchange on the evaporation side at that time is such that the gas dryness and the liquid refrigerant are bypassed, the inlet dryness is lowered, and the inlet enthalpy of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 is lowered.
  • the same or better than before the liquid separation can be maintained.
  • the inlet dryness falls and the inlet of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 becomes a state close

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un dispositif de climatisation, lequel dispositif comporte : un séparateur gaz-liquide, qui sépare un réfrigérant s'écoulant à partir de multiples unités intérieures en un liquide et un gaz ; une tuyauterie côté liquide à travers laquelle le réfrigérant liquide séparé par le séparateur gaz-liquide s'écoule vers l'extérieur, vers un échangeur de chaleur côté source de chaleur, par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif de commutation de trajectoire d'écoulement ; une tuyauterie côté gaz, à travers laquelle le réfrigérant gazeux séparé par le séparateur gaz-liquide s'écoule vers l'extérieur, vers le côté d'aspiration d'un compresseur ; un dispositif de réglage de volume d'écoulement, qui règle le volume d'écoulement du réfrigérant s'écoulant dans la tuyauterie côté gaz ; et un dispositif de commande de volume d'écoulement qui commande le fonctionnement du dispositif de réglage de volume d'écoulement en fonction de l'état du réfrigérant s'écoulant dans une unité extérieure.
PCT/JP2013/066606 2012-12-28 2013-06-17 Dispositif de climatisation WO2014103407A1 (fr)

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WO2019215916A1 (fr) * 2018-05-11 2019-11-14 三菱電機株式会社 Système à cycle de réfrigération
WO2021005737A1 (fr) * 2019-07-10 2021-01-14 三菱電機株式会社 Unité extérieure et appareil de climatisation
JPWO2021095238A1 (fr) * 2019-11-15 2021-05-20
CN115349072A (zh) * 2020-03-31 2022-11-15 大金工业株式会社 空调装置
WO2023013616A1 (fr) * 2021-08-05 2023-02-09 ダイキン工業株式会社 Dispositif à cycle frigorifique
JP7565879B2 (ja) 2021-06-22 2024-10-11 東芝ライフスタイル株式会社 空気調和機

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CN115349072B (zh) * 2020-03-31 2024-05-07 大金工业株式会社 空调装置
CN115349072A (zh) * 2020-03-31 2022-11-15 大金工业株式会社 空调装置
JP7565879B2 (ja) 2021-06-22 2024-10-11 東芝ライフスタイル株式会社 空気調和機
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