WO2014095556A1 - Verfahren zum herstellen von optoelektronischen halbleiterchips und optoelektronischer halbleiterchip - Google Patents
Verfahren zum herstellen von optoelektronischen halbleiterchips und optoelektronischer halbleiterchip Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014095556A1 WO2014095556A1 PCT/EP2013/076355 EP2013076355W WO2014095556A1 WO 2014095556 A1 WO2014095556 A1 WO 2014095556A1 EP 2013076355 W EP2013076355 W EP 2013076355W WO 2014095556 A1 WO2014095556 A1 WO 2014095556A1
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- Prior art keywords
- semiconductor layer
- semiconductor
- carrier
- pixels
- layer sequence
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 245
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 218
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003631 wet chemical etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002488 metal-organic chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 ITO Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L25/00—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof
- H01L25/03—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes
- H01L25/04—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers
- H01L25/075—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L33/00
- H01L25/0753—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L33/00 the devices being arranged next to each other
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L25/00—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof
- H01L25/16—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof the devices being of types provided for in two or more different main groups of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. forming hybrid circuits
- H01L25/167—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof the devices being of types provided for in two or more different main groups of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. forming hybrid circuits comprising optoelectronic devices, e.g. LED, photodiodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14683—Processes or apparatus peculiar to the manufacture or treatment of these devices or parts thereof
- H01L27/14687—Wafer level processing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/15—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components having potential barriers, specially adapted for light emission
- H01L27/153—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components having potential barriers, specially adapted for light emission in a repetitive configuration, e.g. LED bars
- H01L27/156—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components having potential barriers, specially adapted for light emission in a repetitive configuration, e.g. LED bars two-dimensional arrays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/005—Processes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/005—Processes
- H01L33/0093—Wafer bonding; Removal of the growth substrate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/36—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the electrodes
- H01L33/38—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the electrodes with a particular shape
- H01L33/385—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the electrodes with a particular shape the electrode extending at least partially onto a side surface of the semiconductor body
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
- H01L33/62—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the semiconductor body, e.g. lead-frames, wire-bonds or solder balls
Definitions
- the present application relates to a method for
- One object is to provide a method with which
- Optoelectronic semiconductor chips each having a plurality of pixels can be produced in a simple and reliable manner. Furthermore, a should
- Optoelectronic semiconductor chip can be specified, which is characterized by a good controllability of the individual pixels. This task is done, inter alia, by a procedure
- a plurality of optoelectronic semiconductor chips are produced, each having a plurality of pixels.
- a semiconductor layer sequence with one for generation is produced, each having a plurality of pixels.
- the first semiconductor layer is expediently of the second with respect to the conductivity type
- the first semiconductor layer is p-type and the second semiconductor layer is n-type or vice versa.
- the second semiconductor layer is n-type or vice versa.
- a carrier with a plurality of first connection surfaces with a plurality of first connection surfaces
- the carrier may have at least one second connection surface.
- a control circuit for controlling the pixels of the finished semiconductor chip is integrated in the carrier. In the operation of the finished semiconductor chip, charge carriers can be injected into the active area via the first connection area assigned to the picture element and the second connection area from opposite sides of the active area and recombine there with the emission of radiation. In the case of a radiation receiver, charge carriers generated in the active region by radiation absorption can be removed from the active region.
- the control circuit is
- the semiconductor layer sequence is attached to the carrier.
- the first semiconductor layer is electrically conductively connected to the first connection surfaces.
- the first semiconductor layer extends continuously over a plurality of first connection surfaces, in particular over the entire area over all first connection surfaces.
- the first semiconductor layer can therefore be attached to the carrier in unstructured form. In particular, the first semiconductor layer after the
- separating trenches extend through the semiconductor layer sequence.
- the isolation trenches can be the semiconductor layer sequence in the vertical direction
- the vertical direction is a direction that is perpendicular to a main extension plane of the semiconductor layers of the semiconductor layer sequence.
- the separation trenches are formed by wet-chemical etching or dry chemical etching.
- the separating trenches are formed after the
- the pixels are formed only after at least one semiconductor layer of the semiconductor layer sequence already with the first pad of the carrier and in particular with the integrated into the carrier
- Control circuit is electrically connected.
- a contact layer is formed.
- the contact layer electrically conductively connects the second semiconductor layer to the second pad of the carrier.
- the carrier points
- the carrier has a second connection area for each pixel.
- the carrier is singulated into the plurality of semiconductor chips, the semiconductor chips each having a plurality of pixels.
- the singulation of the carrier takes place in semiconductor chips, after the
- a semiconductor layer sequence having an active region provided for generating and / or detecting radiation, which is formed between a first semiconductor layer and a second semiconductor layer, is provided.
- a carrier having a plurality of first pads is
- the semiconductor layer sequence is attached to the carrier so that the first semiconductor layer is electrically conductively connected to the first connection surfaces.
- separating trenches are formed in the semiconductor layer sequence attached to the carrier. wherein the isolation trenches extend through the semiconductor layer sequence.
- the carrier is singulated into the plurality of semiconductor chips each having a plurality of pixels.
- the production of the semiconductor chips in the wafer assembly and the wafer composite is in
- pixels of a semiconductor layer sequence relative to the associated pads of a carrier can therefore be dispensed with.
- finely adjusted is meant in particular that the maximum deviation in the accuracy of the positioning is at most as large, preferably at most half as large, as a center distance between two adjacent pixels.
- the semiconductor layer sequence when attached to the carrier is at least in the region from which the semiconductor chips
- the semiconductor layer sequence is in the lateral direction, that is to say in a direction along the main plane of extension of the semiconductor layer
- an adjustment takes place in the formation of the separation trenches relative to
- a mask for photolithography for defining the isolation trenches on the side facing away from the carrier of the semiconductor layer sequence relative to the
- Connecting surfaces of the carrier is thereby simplified.
- the semiconductor layer sequence is provided with a metallic intermediate layer before being attached to the carrier.
- the metallic intermediate layer can be single-layered or multi-layered
- the metallic intermediate layer in particular directly adjoins the semiconductor layer sequence.
- the metallic intermediate layer is prefabricated by means of vapor deposition or sputtering
- the metallic intermediate layer is after the attachment of the
- the metallic intermediate layer is in the range of
- Dividing trenches cut so that adjacent pixels are not electrically connected to one another via the metallic intermediate layer.
- the metallic intermediate layer may be any metallic intermediate layer.
- Pads can be made applying the contact layer.
- alignment windows are in the metallic intermediate layer before the semiconductor layer sequence is attached to the carrier
- the adjustment windows extend in the vertical direction in particular completely through the metallic
- Adjustment window is preferably larger than the
- the semiconductor layer sequence is in particular so
- the alignment marks on the carrier overlap with the adjustment windows.
- the semiconductor layer sequence is epitaxially on a
- Semiconductor layer sequence can be deposited by a MOCVD or MBE method.
- the growth substrate is in particular prior to forming the separation trenches of the
- Semiconductor layer sequence removed. For example, removing the growth substrate after attaching the
- Growth substrate may be, for example, mechanically, for example by means of grinding, lapping or polishing and / or chemically, for example by wet-chemical or dry-chemical etching,
- LLO laser stripping method
- the growth substrate and the carrier are preferably
- Expansion coefficients differ from one another by no more than 10%. Particularly preferably contain
- silicon is suitable. But it can also find another material application, for example
- Silicon carbide gallium arsenide or sapphire.
- An optoelectronic semiconductor chip has, according to at least one embodiment, a semiconductor layer sequence with an active region provided for generating and / or receiving radiation, which is arranged between a first and a second semiconductor layer
- the semiconductor layer sequence is subdivided into a plurality of pixels.
- the semiconductor chip has a carrier on which the semiconductor layer sequence is arranged and which has a drive circuit for the individual pixels.
- the drive circuit is designed in particular as an active matrix circuit.
- the carrier has a first one for each pixel
- the contact layer covers a radiation passage area facing away from the carrier
- the semiconductor chip has a semiconductor layer sequence, which includes one for generating and / or receiving radiation
- Region between a first semiconductor layer and a second semiconductor layer is arranged.
- Semiconductor layer sequence is divided into a plurality of pixels.
- the semiconductor chip has a carrier, on which the semiconductor layer sequence is arranged and which has a drive circuit for the individual pixels.
- the carrier has a first connection surface, which is electrically conductively connected to the first semiconductor layer of the pixels.
- Semiconductor layer is electrically conductively connected via a contact layer with a second pad, wherein the contact layer faces away from the carrier
- Radiation passage area at least partially covered.
- the pixels of the semiconductor layer sequence in the vertical direction at least partially taper with increasing Distance from the vehicle.
- the base area of the pixels facing the carrier is thus larger than the base area of the pixels
- Pixels having such a shape can be produced by forming isolation trenches by wet-chemical etching in the production, after the semiconductor layer sequence is already attached to the carrier. But it can also be another method, such as a dry chemical etching or mechanical
- the second semiconductor layer of each pixel is electrically conductively connected to at least one second connection area assigned to the pixel via the contact layer.
- Each pixel is thus assigned a first pad and a second pad, so that the pixels are completely electrically independent contactable.
- the first connection surface extends around the at least one second interface
- the first connection surface is formed like a frame.
- Each pixel may also be associated with two or more second pads.
- the at least one second connection area is in one
- Pad surface has on at least one side surface or in at least one corner on a recess in which the first pad a greater distance from the edge of the
- the first connection area extends at least along two edges of the second connection area.
- the first connection surface may be the second connection surface
- running pad can be configured, for example, L-shaped.
- each pixel has at least one recess in the
- the contact layer extends from the second connection area through the recess to the second semiconductor layer.
- the recess thus serves for electrical contacting of the second semiconductor layer.
- the contact layer is guided over a side surface of the recess.
- the second semiconductor layers of at least two adjacent pixels are electrically conductively connected to one another via the contact layer.
- the contact layer or at least a sub-layer of the contact layer may be the pixels
- the contact layer can also have a radiation window on the radiation passage surfaces of the pixels through which the radiation to be generated or received during operation passes through.
- the pixels are separated from one another by separating trenches, wherein the contact layer is in regions in the separation trenches runs.
- the contact layer can be formed radiopaque.
- the contact layer has a metallic layer, which runs in the form of a lattice in the separation trenches. A surface facing away from the carrier of the metallic layer in the
- Divider trenches can be between the carrier and the
- Radiation passage surface may be formed.
- the metallic layer can protrude beyond the semiconductor layer sequence in the vertical direction and on the
- Radiation passage surface of the pixels to be arranged Radiation passage surface of the pixels to be arranged.
- the contact layer has a TCO material.
- TCO materials are transparent conductive oxides
- ITO indium tin oxide
- SnO tin oxide
- ZnO zinc oxide
- the method described above is suitable for the production of the described semiconductor chip.
- the method mentioned features can therefore be used for the semiconductor chip and vice versa.
- Figures 1A to 1K a first embodiment of a
- Figures 1A, 1B and 1F to 1K and in plan view ( Figures IC to IE); Figures 2A to 2C, a second embodiment of a
- Semiconductor layer sequence 2 is provided, wherein between a p-type first semiconductor layer 21 and a n- conductive second semiconductor layer 22, an active region 20 is provided, which is provided for receiving and / or generating radiation.
- the active area can be
- PN junction for example as a PN junction or as one
- MQW Multiple quantum well
- the semiconductor layer sequence 2 in particular the active
- Area 20 preferably contains an I I I-V compound semiconductor material.
- the semiconductor layer sequence can be
- the first semiconductor layer may be n-type and the second semiconductor layer may be p-type.
- the first semiconductor layer, the second semiconductor layer and the active region may each have a multilayer structure. This is not explicitly shown for the sake of simplicity.
- the semiconductor layer sequence is preferably epitaxially deposited on a growth substrate 23, for example by means of MOCVD or MBE.
- Semiconductor layer sequence 2 deposited a metallic intermediate layer, for example by means of vapor deposition or
- the metallic intermediate layer has a multilayer structure and, by way of example, has a mirror layer 31 facing the semiconductor layer sequence 2, a barrier layer 32 and a connection metallization 33.
- a layer containing silver or silver is suitable
- barrier layer for example, a layer of titanium-tungsten-nitride is suitable.
- gold is suitable for the terminal metallization.
- other materials may also be used, for example rhodium also has a high reflectivity in the visible spectral range.
- the barrier layer 32 can also be dispensed with.
- the structure of the metallic intermediate layer can be varied within wide limits with regard to the sequence of layers, layer thicknesses and materials.
- a layer containing a TCO material may be formed in the metallic intermediate layer 3 or between the semiconductor layer sequence 2 and the metallic intermediate layer 3.
- the metallic intermediate layer 3 is formed such that it has adjustment windows 35 (FIG. 1C).
- Adjustment windows extend completely through the metallic intermediate layer in the vertical direction.
- Attachment is preferably by means of a
- Connecting layer such as a solder layer or a
- a control circuit for the individual pixels is integrated, such as an active matrix control circuit.
- the control circuit may be formed, for example, in CMOS technology in the carrier.
- first connection surfaces 51 and second connection surfaces 52 are illustrated in the figures. In the embodiment shown is for Each pixel 25 exactly one first pad 51 and a second pad 52 is provided.
- Pad 51 surrounds the second pad 52 frame-shaped.
- the first semiconductor layer 21 is both with the first one
- the first semiconductor layer thus connects the first connection surfaces with the second connection surfaces. An electrical separation takes place only at a later stage of manufacture.
- the carrier has a plurality of chip regions 56 arranged next to one another in plan view.
- the chip areas are each ready for one
- Each chip area 56 has each one corresponding to the number of pixels
- connection surfaces in particular the second
- Pads 52 be provided with a coating.
- Rhodium for example, is suitable for this purpose because of its high reflectivity in the visible spectral range.
- the lateral extent of the alignment marks is smaller than the pitch in which the semiconductor chips
- the alignment marks can also be larger than the pitch, in which the semiconductor chips are arranged.
- Alignment marks equal to the center distances between the
- Positioning also be greater than a pitch between adjacent pixels. In essence, that is
- Adjustment window 35 predetermined. Particularly low are the
- Adjustment windows are significantly larger than the Justagemarken.
- the growth substrate 23 becomes as in FIG.
- Compound semiconductor material such as Al x In y Gai- x - y N with
- Semiconductor layer sequence 2 are suitable as a growth substrate, for example sapphire or silicon.
- a mechanical method such as grinding, lapping or polishing and / or a chemical process, such as a wet or
- Growth substrate for example a sapphire growth substrate, is also suitable for a laser stripping process.
- the growth substrate 23 can also already be removed before the semiconductor layer sequence 2 is attached to the carrier 5. In this case, the semiconductor layer sequence before the
- a radiation passage area 24 of the semiconductor layer sequence 2 facing away from the carrier 5 becomes, as in FIG. 1H
- a wet-chemical etching method for example by means of KOH, is suitable for the formation of pyramid-shaped or truncated pyramid-shaped depressions in the second semiconductor layer 22.
- the roughening serves for better radiation decoupling in the
- the roughening can be applied over the entire surface of the entire surface
- Semiconductor layer sequence 2 separating trenches 27 are formed, which define the individual pixels 25 of the semiconductor chips 1.
- the separating trenches preferably extend in the vertical direction through the semiconductor layer sequence 2 and the
- Pixels which are connected to one another before forming the separation trenches 27 via the metallic intermediate layer 3, are electrically isolated from each other by the formation of the isolation trenches 27.
- semiconductor layer sequence 2 and the intermediate layers 3 extend therethrough. In the region of the recesses 28, the second connection surfaces 52 are exposed. In addition, in this production step, chip trenches 29 are formed, which are the semiconductor layer sequences of the later individual ones
- Photolithographic process in which the adjustment relative to the Justagemarken 55 takes place on the carrier 5. This step is the first fine photolithographic
- the adjustment tolerance is at most half as large as the center distance between two adjacent pixels 25.
- an insulating layer 4 is applied over the entire surface of the semiconductor layer sequence 2. As shown in Fig. 1J, the insulating layer 4 is patterned by a second finely divided photolithographic process.
- the structured insulation layer has a
- the insulation layer 4 has a trench opening 43.
- the material of the carrier 5 is free for the separation of the semiconductor chips.
- Insulation layer is for example an oxide, such as silica or titanium oxide, a nitride, for example
- Silicon nitride or an oxynitride, for example
- the insulating layer 4 serves in particular as a dielectric encapsulation for protecting the
- Interlayer 3 from moisture. For example, the degradation of a silver-containing mirror layer can thus be avoided.
- a contact layer 6 is formed which electrically conductively connects the second pad 52 in the region of the contact opening 42 with the second semiconductor layer 22.
- the contact layer 6 covers the radiation passage area 24 in regions. At the side edges of the recess 28, in particular at the level of the active region 20, is between the contact layer 6 and the semiconductor layer sequence 2 to avoid a
- a TCO material such as ITO, ZnO or SnO 2 .
- ITO indium Tin oxide
- ZnO zinc oxide
- SnO 2 a metal for the contact layer 6.
- a separating trench 57 is formed, which is the carrier
- semiconductor chips can be produced with only three finely divided photolithographic processes, each having a plurality of pixels, wherein the pixels can each be individually contacted and controlled by means of an active matrix circuit.
- Fine adjustment of a pre-structured in pixels semiconductor layer sequence relative to a carrier with a drive circuit is not required. Contrary to the usual procedure takes place in the attachment of
- Semiconductor layer sequence 2 via the first semiconductor layer 21 is an undesirable electrically conductive connection between the first pad 51 and the second
- the semiconductor chip 1 completed by the singulation is shown in FIG. 1K in a section.
- Semiconductor chip is suitable for example for a
- Display device for an adaptive headlight system or for a photo light of a mobile device or a camera.
- the second is
- Pad 51 is arranged.
- a uniform energization of the second semiconductor layer 22 can be effected in a simple manner.
- each pixel 25 has a plurality of second connection surfaces 52.
- Pads 52 can be reduced in cross-section compared to a single pad. Compared to a single central contact area, this reduces the risk of a darker disturbing effect
- the second connection surface 52 is in an edge region 511 of the first Pad 51 is arranged. In this embodiment, only at one edge of the pixel 25 is a darker one
- the second connection surfaces 52 are each arranged in the corner regions 512 of the first connection surface 51.
- a second pad 52 is provided.
- the second contact surface 52 runs around the first contact surface 51 along the entire circumference.
- Pad 52 formed L-shaped and extends along second edges of the first pad 51.
- Embodiment according to Figure 5C are the first
- FIGS. 2A to 2C or 3A and 3B A second and third exemplary embodiment of a method for producing optoelectronic semiconductor chips is shown in FIGS. 2A to 2C or 3A and 3B by means of intermediate steps shown schematically in a sectional view. These two further exemplary embodiments differ essentially from the first exemplary embodiment by the type of contacting of the second semiconductor layer 22.
- each semiconductor chip 1 has only a second pad 52, which is electrically connected to all pixels 25.
- the contact layer adjoins the region at least in certain regions
- Radiation passage area 24 is electrically conductively connected to the second semiconductor layer 22.
- the contact layer 6 is patterned such that it has a trench opening 63 at the point at which the singulation of the semiconductor chips takes place later
- a surface 610 of the metallic layer 61 facing away from the carrier 5 extends in a vertical direction between the carrier 5 and the radiation passage area 24.
- the metallic layer 21 covers the
- optical crosstalk between the pixels can be reduced by means of the metallic layer 61 in the separation trenches 27 between the pixels 25.
- the singulation of the semiconductor chips can be done as described in connection with the first embodiment.
- a completed semiconductor chip 1 is shown in FIG. 2C.
- the contact layer 6 for all pixels 25 of a semiconductor chip 1 on.
- the contact layer 6 is formed in one layer as a metallic layer.
- Radiation passage surface 24 so free of metallic material, so that the radiation windows each define that portion of the pixels from which the radiation generated during operation exits or in which the radiation to be detected enters. A finished one
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020157017005A KR20150097556A (ko) | 2012-12-18 | 2013-12-12 | 광전 반도체 칩을 제조하기 위한 방법 및 광전 반도체 칩 |
US14/653,839 US20150333047A1 (en) | 2012-12-18 | 2013-12-12 | Method for producing optoelectronic semiconductor chips, and optoelectronic semiconductor chip |
DE112013006060.4T DE112013006060A5 (de) | 2012-12-18 | 2013-12-12 | Verfahren zum Herstellen von optoelektronischen Halbleiterchips und optoelektronischer Halbleiterchip |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102012112530.9 | 2012-12-18 | ||
DE102012112530.9A DE102012112530A1 (de) | 2012-12-18 | 2012-12-18 | Verfahren zum Herstellen von optoelektronischen Halbleiterchips und optoelektronischer Halbleiterchip |
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WO2014095556A1 true WO2014095556A1 (de) | 2014-06-26 |
Family
ID=49880710
Family Applications (1)
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PCT/EP2013/076355 WO2014095556A1 (de) | 2012-12-18 | 2013-12-12 | Verfahren zum herstellen von optoelektronischen halbleiterchips und optoelektronischer halbleiterchip |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20150333047A1 (de) |
KR (1) | KR20150097556A (de) |
DE (2) | DE102012112530A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2014095556A1 (de) |
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WO2016071340A1 (de) * | 2014-11-05 | 2016-05-12 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung zumindest eines optoelektronischen halbleiterchips, optoelektronischer halbleiterchip sowie optoelektronisches halbleiterbauelement |
WO2016116316A1 (de) * | 2015-01-19 | 2016-07-28 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung einer mehrzahl von halbleiterchips und halbleiterchip |
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DE102014102029A1 (de) * | 2014-02-18 | 2015-08-20 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Halbleiterbauelementen und Halbleiterbauelement |
DE102014112750A1 (de) | 2014-09-04 | 2016-03-10 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines optoelektronischen Halbleiterbauteils und optoelektronisches Halbleiterbauteil |
DE102016105056A1 (de) * | 2016-03-18 | 2017-09-21 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines optoelektronischen Halbleiterchips und optoelektronischer Halbleiterchip |
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DE102017121346A1 (de) | 2016-09-15 | 2018-03-15 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Messsystem, Verwendung zumindest einer individuell betreibbaren Leuchtdioden-Leuchteinheit als Sendereinheit in einem Messsystem, Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Messsystems und Beleuchtungsquelle mit einem Messsystem |
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FR3073669B1 (fr) * | 2017-11-10 | 2021-11-05 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de fabrication d'un dispositif optoelectronique comprenant une pluralite de diodes |
DE102017130578A1 (de) | 2017-12-19 | 2019-06-19 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Lichtquelle |
US11018089B2 (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2021-05-25 | Innolux Corporation | Display devices and methods for manufacturing the same |
US11322910B2 (en) | 2019-02-21 | 2022-05-03 | Apple Inc. | Indium-phosphide VCSEL with dielectric DBR |
DE102019107030A1 (de) * | 2019-03-19 | 2020-09-24 | OSRAM Opto Semiconductors Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Optoelektronische halbleitervorrichtung mit einer vielzahl von bildelementen und trennelementen und verfahren zur herstellung der optoelektronischen halbleitervorrichtung |
WO2020205166A1 (en) | 2019-04-01 | 2020-10-08 | Apple Inc. | Vcsel array with tight pitch and high efficiency |
US11374381B1 (en) | 2019-06-10 | 2022-06-28 | Apple Inc. | Integrated laser module |
FR3099966B1 (fr) * | 2019-08-16 | 2021-09-24 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procédé de fabrication de dispositifs optoélectroniques |
CN112864290B (zh) * | 2020-04-09 | 2022-04-22 | 镭昱光电科技(苏州)有限公司 | 微型led显示器及其制造方法 |
US12113091B2 (en) | 2020-05-05 | 2024-10-08 | Raysolve Optoelectronics (Suzhou) Company Limited | Full color light emitting diode structure and method for manufacturing the same |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20150333047A1 (en) | 2015-11-19 |
KR20150097556A (ko) | 2015-08-26 |
DE112013006060A5 (de) | 2015-08-27 |
DE102012112530A1 (de) | 2014-06-18 |
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