WO2014071679A1 - 一种经纱为棉单纱或棉混纺单纱的免浆料梭织面料及其加工方法 - Google Patents

一种经纱为棉单纱或棉混纺单纱的免浆料梭织面料及其加工方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014071679A1
WO2014071679A1 PCT/CN2013/000210 CN2013000210W WO2014071679A1 WO 2014071679 A1 WO2014071679 A1 WO 2014071679A1 CN 2013000210 W CN2013000210 W CN 2013000210W WO 2014071679 A1 WO2014071679 A1 WO 2014071679A1
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cotton
fiber
single yarn
woven fabric
yarn
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PCT/CN2013/000210
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English (en)
French (fr)
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朱国民
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无锡诺赛净科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2014071679A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014071679A1/zh

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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03WEAVING
    • D03DWOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/208Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based
    • D03D15/225Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based artificial, e.g. viscose
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03WEAVING
    • D03DWOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03WEAVING
    • D03DWOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/208Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based
    • D03D15/217Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based natural from plants, e.g. cotton
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06BTREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B7/00Mercerising, e.g. lustring by mercerising
    • D06B7/04Mercerising, e.g. lustring by mercerising of yarns, threads or filaments
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10BINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/01Natural vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/02Cotton
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10BINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/20Cellulose-derived artificial fibres

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of textile technology, and is a slurry-free woven fabric, in particular, a spinning single-filament or cotton-blended ⁇ yarn, which is directly used for woven weaving as a warp yarn without sizing.
  • the resulting slurry-free woven fabric is a slurry-free woven fabric, in particular, a spinning single-filament or cotton-blended ⁇ yarn, which is directly used for woven weaving as a warp yarn without sizing.
  • the method of this patent can only be used on cotton strands, but cannot be used on cotton single yarns, mainly because cotton single yarns have low strength, high hairiness and low elongation at break, and cannot be mercerized, so it is impossible to
  • the yarn is used in the no-woven fabric weaving, and in the industry, there is no pulp-free woven fabric in which the warp yarn is a cotton single yarn.
  • the invention adopts the tension mercerizing processing of the cotton fiber to achieve the purpose of improving the strength and length of the cotton fiber, and then spinning into a cotton or cotton blended single yarn with high strength and high elongation, so that the woven fabric can be woven without sizing.
  • the requirement of fabric-free weaving is successfully applied to the woven fabric of warp yarn or cotton blended fabric, thus avoiding the sizing and desizing process of the weaving process, and producing a brand-new warp yarn of cotton single yarn or cotton blended single yarn.
  • the release-free woven fabric the biggest advantage of this fabric is that there is no residue in the fabric.
  • the present invention provides a slurry-free woven fabric whose warp yarn is a cotton single yarn or a cotton-blended single yarn and a processing method thereof, and the cotton fiber is made into a yarn by a liquid-line tensioned yarn, or a simmered yarn. Wool or dyed into a color yarn, as a slurry-free woven fabric made by woven woven without warp yarn.
  • Cotton fiber has a strong strength and length after tensioned mercerizing treatment Lifting, blending it with other fibers or blending with other fibers, can significantly improve the strength of the single yarn after spinning, can be used as a warp yarn to achieve the requirements of pulp-free weaving, successfully applied to the production of free-woven woven fabrics, ensuring finished fabrics. There is no slurry residue, which avoids waste water generated by sizing and desizing, saves resources, simplifies the processing flow, and improves economic benefits.
  • the invention provides a slurry-free woven fabric whose warp yarn is a cotton single yarn or a cotton blended single yarn.
  • the pulp-free woven fabric has no sizing and desizing process in the manufacturing process, and the finished fabric does not have a slurry. Residual, washing dimensional change rate and latitude are between -3% and +1.5%, compared with the same material, the same structure traditionally, the pulp fabric is enhanced by 3% ⁇ 25%.
  • the present invention provides a method for processing a paddle-free woven fabric in which the warp yarn is a cotton single yarn or a cotton-blended single yarn, and the steps are as follows:
  • Fiber mercerizing including fiber sliver, weaving into rope, tension silk, and rope retreat;
  • Mercerized fiber spinning The obtained mercerized fiber is purely spun or blended with other fibers to form a single yarn;
  • the woven fabric is finished to form a pulp-free woven fabric.
  • a method of fiber mercerizing is provided, the method is as follows:
  • a method for processing fiber mercerizing is as follows:
  • Fiber rod The fiber is made into a fiber strip by a conventional spinning process
  • the fiber strip after the rope has been decomposed can be used for the subsequent spinning to form a yarn.
  • the mercerizing adopts liquid alkali tension mercerizing, and the tension mercerizing is performed by alkalizing, applying tension, alkalizing and water washing steps; preferably, the liquid alkali concentration is 15 to 40 °, and the liquid alkali temperature is 15 to 30 °.
  • mercerizing alkali soaking time is 120 ⁇ 180s, stretching length is 1 ⁇ 6 %, hot water washing temperature is 50 ⁇ 80°C, hot water washing time is 40 ⁇ 60s, and room temperature washing time is 20 ⁇ 30s.
  • the stringer light is performed on a mercerizing machine.
  • the mercerizing can be continuous tensioned mercerizing, or it can be firstly swayed to a certain weight and then mercerized on a skein mercerizing machine, or simply hand-made or mercerized mercerizing.
  • the fiber strip for mercerizing refers to a combed, carded strip, or roving formed in different processes of spinning, and the material includes: alkali-resistant fiber such as cotton, hemp or cotton/hemp blend, It can be recycled fiber and multi-component blended fiber, such as cotton/tencel, cotton/silk, cotton/wool or cotton/chemical fiber.
  • the fiber strips may be dry tampon; preferably, the fiber strips may be humidified prior to weaving into a string to increase the strength of the strands and better weave.
  • the decomposed fiber strip can be processed into a single yarn directly or in combination with other fibers by a process such as drawing, roving and spinning, or can be broken into fibers by blending cotton, carding, drawing, roving, spinning, etc.
  • the process is spun into a single yarn.
  • the decomposed fiber roving can be directly spun into a single yarn.
  • the single yarn obtained after spinning the mercerized fiber can be singed, pretreated or dyed, that is, the single yarn is subjected to conventional singulation, pretreatment or dyeing according to production requirements.
  • the mercerized fiber comprises a natural mercerized fiber, a boiled silk fiber, or a boiled and dyed mercerized cotton fiber.
  • the spinning process when the single yarn is warped, a certain number of yarns are arranged in a width corresponding to the length of the yarn, and the yarns are wound on the warp beam or the weaving shaft.
  • the warp yarn used is a cotton pure single yarn or a cotton blended single yarn
  • the weft yarn is a yarn spun from natural fibers, regenerated cellulose fibers, or chemical fibers and blended fibers thereof.
  • the present invention provides a slurry-free woven fabric, which is manufactured by the production method of the woven fabric of the woven fabric as described above, so that the woven fabric does not need to be sizing or desizing during the manufacturing process. , the finished fabric does not have slurry residue.
  • the present invention has the following advantages or features:
  • the fiber strip does not need to be twisted, which avoids the change of the appearance shape of the fiber after twisting, and improves the spinnability of the mercerized fiber.
  • the fineness of the fiber is small, so that the mercerization effect is more sufficient, the degree of mercerization of each fiber tends to be uniform, and the dyeing uniformity of the subsequent yarn is ensured.
  • the mercerized fiber can save 10% ⁇ 30% dye, water, electricity and steam by dyeing the same color.
  • the single yarn spun from the mercerized fiber can be pulp-free weaving, eliminating the sizing and desizing process in the traditional process, ensuring that there is no slurry residue in the fabric, and correspondingly reducing the production process, the plant and the equipment. Investing, reducing water consumption and sewage generation, reducing production costs and increasing production efficiency.
  • the method of the invention can not only process with mercerized natural fibers, but also can be processed by mercerizing boiled and dyed fibers, thereby expanding the application range of the slurry-free woven fabric, and facilitating the slurry-free woven fabric. Into the promotion.
  • the method of the invention can use pure or blended yarn as a warp yarn to produce a pulp-free woven fabric, and further expands the application range of the woven fabric without paddle.
  • a processing method of a woven-woven fabric with a warp of 40S/1 mercerized cotton and a weft of 100S/2 fine cotton is as follows:
  • Fibre making The cotton is mixed with cotton, cleaned, combed, stripped and combed into 40S cotton fiber strips;
  • mercerizing a plurality of fiber ropes on a continuous mercerizing machine for mercerizing, the process includes alkali soaking, tension, alkali and water washing, alkali concentration 40 ° Be, liquid alkali temperature is 30 ° C, mercerized alkali soaking time 120s, the stretching length is 6%, the hot water washing temperature is 80 °C, the hot water washing time is 60s, and the room temperature washing time is 30s;
  • the rope ⁇ retreat: the dried fiber rope ⁇ is decomposed into a single fiber strip, and wound into a cylindrical shape;
  • Dyeing Conventional dyeing by barrel dyeing, including cooking, bleaching, dyeing, post-treatment, etc.;
  • Woven weaving 40S/1 cotton mercerized single yarn is used as warp yarn. According to the length of the design, the parallel yarns are wound on the warp beam or weaving shaft of the loom.
  • the weft yarn is made of 100S/2 fine cotton yarn in order. Discharge, woven into a woven fabric according to a certain organizational structure;
  • the detection result is: the slurry-free woven fabric made by the method of the invention does not need the sizing and desizing process, and the residual rate of the finished fabric is 0, the fabric strength is increased by 20.1%, and the washing size is Rate of change: warp-1.6%, weft-1.3%; the same material, the same structure of the traditional fabric on the slurry residue 12.4%.
  • a processing method of a woven woven fabric with a warp of 42S/1 cotton/tencel (50/50) mercerized ft yarn and a weft yarn of 80S/2 cotton (90/10) is as follows: 1. Fibre making: The cotton/Tian silk is blended into cotton, silk, combed, strip and rolled into 42S cotton/tencel fiber strip;
  • the stranded fiber is twisted on a skein mercerizing machine for mercerizing.
  • the process includes soaking alkali, applying tension, caustic soda and water washing, the concentration of alkali solution is 15 ° Be, the temperature of liquid alkali is 15 °C, and the time of mercerizing alkali is 120s, the stretching length is 1%, the hot water washing temperature is 50 °C, the hot water washing time is 40s, and the room temperature washing time is 20s;
  • the rope ⁇ retreat: the dried fiber rope ⁇ is decomposed into a single fiber strip, and wound into a cylindrical shape;
  • Finishing After weaving, the fabric is finished and finished to form a slurry-free woven fabric.
  • the test results are as follows: The slurry-free woven fabric made by the method of the invention does not require the sizing and desizing process, and the residual ratio of the surface of the finished fabric is 0, the fabric strength is increased by 25%, and the washing dimensional change rate is : warp-1.1%, latitudinal 0.3%; the same material, the same structure of traditional fabric on the slurry residue was 11.9%.
  • a method for processing warp-free woven fabrics with a warp of 50S/1 cotton/hemp (90/10) mercerized single yarn and a weft yarn of 60S/1 modal is as follows:
  • Fiber rod 50/1 cotton/hemp roving strip made of cotton/fiber 'hemp fiber according to the ratio of 90:10 blending cotton, clearing, carding, stripping, combing, drawing and roving ;
  • mercerizing a plurality of fiber ropes on a continuous mercerizing machine for mercerizing, the process includes alkali soaking, tension, alkali and water washing, alkali concentration 30 ° Be, liquid alkali temperature is 25 ⁇ , mercerizing alkali time is 150s , the stretching length is 2%, the hot water washing temperature is 80 ° C, the hot water washing time is 50 s, and the room temperature washing time is 30 s; 4. Drying: The mercerized fiber rope is placed in a dryer for drying;
  • the rope ⁇ retreat: the dried fiber rope ⁇ is decomposed into a single fiber strip, and wound into a cylindrical shape;
  • Dyeing Conventional dyeing by barrel dyeing, including cooking, bleaching, dyeing, post-treatment, etc.;
  • Woven weaving 50S/1 cotton/hemp monofilament is warp yarn, which is arranged according to the length of the design and is wound on the warp beam or weaving shaft of the loom according to the length of the design.
  • the weft yarn is pressed by 60S/1 modal yarn.
  • Finishing After weaving, the fabric is finished and finished to form a pulp-free woven fabric.
  • the detection result is: the slurry-free woven fabric prepared by the method of the invention does not need the sizing and desizing process, and the residual residue ratio of the finished fabric surface is 0, the fabric strength is increased by 5%, and the washing size is Rate of change: Warp _1.8? Latitude
  • a processing method for a slurry-free woven fabric with a warp of 32S/1 cotton/silk (70/30) mercerized single yarn and a weft yarn of 60S/2 mercerized cotton yarn is as follows:
  • Fibre making The cotton is mixed with cotton, scented, carded, stripped, and combed into 32S cotton fiber strips;
  • Shake The braided cable fiber rope is twisted into 450g by a shaker ;
  • the stranded fiber is twisted on a skein mercerizing machine for mercerizing.
  • the process includes soaking alkali, applying tension, caustic soda and water washing.
  • the alkali concentration is 26 ° ⁇
  • the liquid alkali temperature is 22 ° C
  • the mercerizing time is 160s
  • the stretching length is 3%
  • the hot water washing temperature is 70 ° C
  • the hot water washing time is 50 s
  • the room temperature washing time is 20 s;
  • drying the mercerized fiber enamel is placed in a dryer to dry;
  • Dyeing Conventional dyeing with skein, including cooking, bleaching, dyeing, post-treatment, etc.;
  • woven weaving 32S / 1 cotton / silk single yarn is warp, according to the length of the design arranged in a width and parallel yarn wrapped around the weaving On the warp beam or weaving shaft of the machine, the weft yarn is discharged in order by 60S/2 mercerized cotton yarn, and woven into a woven fabric according to a certain structure;
  • Finishing After weaving, the fabric is finished and finished to form a slurry-free woven fabric.
  • the test result is: the slurry-free woven fabric made by the method of the invention does not need the sizing and desizing process, and the residual residue rate of the finished fabric surface is 0, the fabric strength is increased by 11.7%, and the washing size is Rate of change: 0.6% in the warp direction and -0.8% in the weft direction; the residual residue on the traditional fabric of the same material and the same structure is 10.6%.
  • a processing method for a pulp-free woven fabric with a warp of 60S/1 mercerized cotton single yarn and a weft yarn of 70S/1 cotton polyester is as follows:
  • Fibre making The cotton is mixed with cotton, scented, carded, stripped, and combed into 60S cotton fiber strips;
  • mercerizing a plurality of fiber ropes on a continuous mercerizing machine for mercerizing, the process includes alkali soaking, tension, alkali and water washing, alkali concentration 30 ° Be, liquid alkali temperature is 30 ° C, mercerized alkali soaking time 140s, the stretching length is 1%, the hot water washing temperature is 75 °C, the hot water washing time is 55s, and the room temperature washing time is 25s;
  • the rope ⁇ retreat: the dried fiber rope ⁇ is decomposed into a single fiber strip, and wound into a cylindrical shape;
  • Dyeing Conventional dyeing by barrel dyeing, including cooking, bleaching, dyeing, post-treatment, etc.;
  • Woven weaving 60S/1 cotton mercerized single yarn is used as warp yarn, which is arranged according to the length of the design and is wound on the warp beam or weaving shaft of the loom according to the length of the design.
  • the weft yarn is made of 70S/1 cotton lacquer yarn. Sequential discharge, woven into woven fabric according to a certain organizational structure;
  • Finishing After weaving, the fabric is finished and finished to form a pulp-free woven fabric.
  • the detection result is: the pad-free woven fabric made by the method of the invention does not need the upper paddle and the unloading process, and the residual rate of the slurry in the finished fabric is detected to be 0, the fabric strength is increased by 15.1%, and the washing is performed.
  • Dimensional change rate -1.9% in the warp direction and 1.3% in the weft direction; the residual residue on the traditional fabric of the same material and the same structure was 11.1%.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

一种经纱为棉单纱和棉混纺纱的免浆料梭织面料及其加工方法,加工方法包括步骤:a纤维丝光:包括纤维制条、编织成绳辫、张力丝光、绳辫退解,b丝光纤维纺纱:制得的丝光纤维纯纺或与其他纤维混纺纺制成单纱,c织造:单纱经整经、织造成织物,d后整理:进行整理,形成免浆料梭织面料;该方法免去了梭织面料生产过程复杂的上浆、退浆工艺,确保了成品面料不存在浆料残留,达到减少生产环节设备、能源支出的效果。

Description

一种经纱为棉单纱或棉混纺单纱的免浆料梭织面料及其加工 方法 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及纺织技术领域, 为一种免浆料梭织面料, 具体地说是一种将丝光纤维纺 成棉单纱或棉混紡 Φ纱, 作为经纱不上浆直接用于梭织织造而制得的免浆料梭织面料。
背景技术
(0002] 常规的梭织面料在织造过程中, 由于综丝、 钢筘等机械部件的摩擦阻力会造成单纱 表面磨毛和强力损伤, 直接影响面料的织造效率和成品的强力, 因而在织造之前必须经过复 杂的上浆过程, 使单纱的表面毛羽趋于平伏, 增强单纱耐摩擦和承受拉伸强力的能力, 提高 织造效率和品质, 面料织造完成后, 需要进行退桨, 去除面料上的浆料。 整个过程耗费大量 的能源和水资源, 并产牛大量的废水。 同时山于浆料不仅吸附在纤维表面, 而且部分进入纤 维内部, 退浆过程即使经过充分处理, 成品面料上依然有 10%〜20%浆料残留。
[0003] 保护环境和减少污水排放一直是紡织行业迫切需要解决的难题, 其中减少梭织织造 过程中桨料的使用是纺织工作者研究的热点和难点, 并取得了一定的成绩, 例如专利号为 200810194777.0的 "一种经纱为棉线的免浆料梭织衬衫面料及其加丄方法" 中采用丝光棉线 的毛羽少、 强力高和断裂延伸度高的特点, 将其作为经纱成功用于免桨料梭织衬衫面料上, 免去了传统梭织织造过程中的上浆和退浆工序, 在减少污水排放的同时提高了产品的质量。 但该专利的方法只能用于棉股线, 而在棉单纱上无法使用, 主要因为棉单纱的强力低、 毛羽 多和断裂延伸度低, 无法进行丝光加工, 因而也就无法将单纱用于免浆料织造中, 进而行业 中也没有经纱为棉单纱的免浆料梭织面料。
[0004] 本发明将棉纤维进行张力丝光加工, 达到提高棉纤维强力和长度的目的, 然后纺制 成高强力和高延伸性的棉或棉混纺单纱, 使其不上浆就可以满足梭织面料免浆织造的要求, 成功用于经纱为棉或棉混纺的梭织面料屮, 从而避免了织造过程的上浆和退浆工序, 生产出 一种全新的经纱为棉单纱或棉混纺单纱的免浆料梭织面料, 该面料最大的优势是面料不存在 浆料残留。
发明内容
[0005] 本发明提供了一种经纱为棉单纱或棉混纺单纱的免浆料梭织面料及其加工方法, 是 将棉纤维经液碱张力丝光后纱制成 纱, 或冉经烧毛或染色制成色纱, 作为经纱不上浆直接 用于梭织织造而制得的免浆料梭织面料。 棉纤维经过张力丝光处理后强力和长度得到大幅度 提升, 将其纯纺或与其它纤维混纺, 能够明显提升紡后单纱的强力, 作为经纱可以达到免浆 料梭织织造的要求, 成功应用于免桨料梭织面料生产, 确保了成品面料不存在浆料残留, 从 而避免因为上浆、 退浆而产生的废水, 节省资源, 简化了加工流程, 提髙了经济效益。
【00061 为了解决上述技术问题, 本发明提供了如下的技术方案:
本发明提供了一种经纱为棉单纱或棉混纺单纱的免浆料梭织面料, 该免浆料梭织面料为面料 在制造过程中无需上浆、 退浆工序, 成品面料不存在浆料残留, 水洗尺寸变化率经、 纬向均 在 -3 %~+1.5 %之间, 相对于同材质、 同结构传统上浆料面料强力提升 3 %〜25 %。
[0007] 本发明提供了一种经纱为棉单纱或棉混纺单纱的免桨料梭织面料的加工方法, 其歩 骤如下:
1、 纤维丝光: 包括纤维制条、 编织成绳辫、 张力丝光、 绳辫退解;
2、 丝光纤维纺纱: 制得的丝光纤维纯紡或与其他纤维混紡纺制成单纱;
3、 织造: 单纱经整经、 织造成织物;
4、 后整理: 织造后的织物进行整理, 形成免浆料梭织面料。
[0008] 做为优选, 按照本发明的设计方案, 提供一种纤维丝光方法, 方法如下:
一种纤维丝光的加工方法, 方法如下:
( 1 ) 纤维制条: 将纤维通过常规纺纱工序制成纤维条;
( 2 ) 编织成绳辫: 将多根无捻的纤维条按一定规律相互编织成绳辫状结构, 例如三股马尾 辫状、 四股辫状缆绳等;
( 3 ) 丝光: 将纤维条的绳辫进行张力丝光;
( 4 ) 绳辫退解: 将丝光后的绳辫退解成 根的纤维条。
[0009] 绳辫退解后的纤维条可用于后道的纺纱, 制成 纱。
[0010] 优选地, 丝光采用液碱张力丝光, 通过浸碱、 施加张力、 挤碱和水洗工序进行张力 丝光; 优选地, 液碱浓度为 15〜40 ° Βέ, 液碱温度为 15〜30°C, 丝光浸碱时间为 120〜 180s, 拉伸长度为 1〜6 %, 热水洗温度 50〜80°C, 热水洗时问为 40〜60s, 室温水洗时间为 20〜30s。
[0011] 优选地, 绳辫丝光在丝光机上进行。 丝光可以采用连续式张力丝光, 也可以先进行摇 绞成一定重量后在绞纱丝光机上进行丝光, 或者进行简易的手工或丝光架丝光等。
[0012] 本发明中, 用于丝光的纤维条是指纺纱不同工序中形成的精梳、 普梳生条, 或粗 纱, 材料包括: 棉、 麻或棉 /麻混紡等耐碱纤维, 也可为再生纤维以及多组分混纺纤维, 例 如: 棉 /天丝、 棉 /丝、 棉 /毛或棉 /化纤等。 [0013] 纤维条可以是干棉条; 优选地, 也可在编织成绳辫前对纤维条进行加湿, 以提高纤 维条的强度, 更好地进行编织。
[0014] 纤维条编织的绳状结构可以有多种, 参与编织的条数按照编织的种类而定。 其中优 选用 3根纤维条编织成三股马尾辫状, 或采用 4根纤维条编织成四股辫状缆绳。
[0015] 退解后的纤维条可以直接或与其它纤维经并条、 粗纱和细纱等工序加工制成单纱, 也可以打散成纤维经混棉、 梳棉、 并条、 粗纱、 细纱等工序纺制成单纱。 退解后的纤维粗纱 直接可以纺成单纱。
[0016] 优选地, 可对丝光纤维纺纱后得到的单纱烧毛、 前处理或染色, 即按照生产要求对 单纱进行常规烧毛、 前处理或者染色。
[0017] 优选地, 丝光纤维包括本色丝光纤维, 煮漂丝光纤维, 或煮漂染色丝光棉纤维。
[0018] 优选地, 纺纱过程中, 在对单纱整经时, 把一定数量的纱线按照设计要求的长度, 排列成幅宽平行的纱卷绕于经轴或织轴上, 为构成织物的经纱系统做准备。 根据需要选择分 批整经机或分条整经机。
[0019] 织造时, 所用的经纱为棉纯纺单纱或棉混纺单纱, 纬纱为天然纤维、 再生纤维素纤 维、 或化学纤维及其它们的混紡纤维而纺成的纱线。
[0020] 优选地, 本发明提供一种免浆料梭织面料, 采用了如前所述的免桨料梭织面料的生 产方法制造, 使得梭织面料在制造过程中无需上浆、 退浆工序, 成品面料不存在浆料残留。
[0021] 本发明具有以下优势或特点:
1、 纤维条不需要加捻, 避免了加捻后纤维外观形状发生变化, 提高了丝光纤维的可纺性。
[0022] 2、 由于纤维条被编织成绳辫状结构进行丝光, 可承受的拉力较大, 能够最大限度的 提高丝光纤维的光泽。
[0023] 3、 丝光后纤维本身的外观形状没有变化, 退解后能够直接用于后道的纺纱, 避免了 二次混棉、 梳棉等工序, 提高了纺纱的效率和产能, 节约了时间和损耗。
[0024] 4、 ώ于纤维的细度较小, 使得丝光作用更加充分, 每根纤维的丝光程度趋于一致, 保证了后道纱线的染色均匀性。
[0025] 5、 经过丝光后的纤维与未丝光纤维相比, 染相同的颜色可节省 10%〜30 %染料、 水、 电、 汽。
[0026] 6、 丝光纤维纺成的单纱能够进行免浆织造, 省去了传统工序中的上浆和退浆工 序, 保证了面料不存在浆料残留, 相应减少了生产环节和厂房、 设备的投入, 减少了水资源 的消耗和污水的产生, 降低了生产成本和提高了生产效率。 [0027] 7、 本发明方法不但能够采用丝光本色纤维进行加工, 而且能够采用丝光煮漂、 染色 纤维进行混纺加工, 扩大了免浆料梭织面料的应用范围, 有利于免浆料梭织面料的进一歩推 广。
[0028] 8、 本发明方法可以采用纯紡或混紡纱线作为经纱生产免浆料梭织面料, 进一步扩大 了免桨料梭织面料的应用范围。
具体实施方式
[00291 以下对本发明的优选实施例进行说明, 应当理解, 此处所描述的优选实施例仅用于 说明和解释本发明, 并不用于限定本发明。
[0030] 实施例 1
一种经纱为 40S/1丝光棉单纱, 纬纱为 100S/2精棉的免浆梭织面料的加工方法如下:
1、 纤维制条: 将棉花经混棉、 清花、 齊梳、 条并卷、 精梳成 40S棉纤维条;
2、 编织成绳辫: 将 3 根无捻棉纤维条按照 ·定规律编织成三股辫即马尾辫状, 用于后道的 丝光;
3、 丝光: 将多根纤维绳辫在连续式丝光机上进行丝光, 过程包括浸碱、 施加张力、 挤碱和 水洗, 碱液浓度 40° Be , 液碱温度为 30°C, 丝光浸碱时间为 120s, 拉伸长度为 6 %, 热水 洗温度 80°C , 热水洗时间为 60s, 室温水洗时间为 30s;
4、 烘干: 将丝光后的纤维绳辫放入烘干机中供干;
5、 绳辫退解: 将烘干后的纤维绳辫退解成单根的纤维条, 并绕成筒状;
6、 纺纱: 将上述丝光棉纤维进行梳棉、 并条、 粗纱、 细纱等工序纺成 40S/1棉丝光单纱;
7、 染色: 采用筒染进行常规染色, 其中包括煮漂、 染色、 后处理等工序;
8、 梭织织造: 40S/1棉丝光单纱作为经纱, 按照设计的长度排列成幅宽平行的纱卷绕于织机 的经轴或织轴上, 纬纱采用 100S/2 精棉纱线按顺序排放, 按照一定的组织结构织成梭织面 料;
9、 后整理: 织造后织物进行后整 3, 形成免浆料梭织面料。
[0031] 检测结果为: 按本发明方法制成的免浆料梭织面料山于不需要上浆和退浆工序, 经 检测成品面料中浆料残留率为 0, 面料强力提升 20.1%, 水洗尺寸变化率: 经向 -1.6 %, 纬 向 -1.3 % ; 同材质、 同结构传统面料上浆料残留为 12.4%。
[0032] 实施例 2
一种经纱为 42S/1 棉 /天丝 (50/50 ) 丝光 ft纱, 纬纱为 80S/2棉毛 (90/10 ) 的免浆梭织面料 的加工方法如下: 1、 纤维制条: 将棉 /天丝经混棉、 清花、 普梳、 条并卷、 精梳成 42S棉 /天丝纤维条;
2、 编织成绳辫: 将 4根无捻棉 /天丝纤维条按照一定规律编织成辫状缆绳;
3、 摇绞: 辫状缆绳纤维辫经摇纱机摇绞成 500g;
4、 丝光: 将绞状纤维辫在绞纱丝光机上进行丝光, 过程包括浸碱、 施加张力、 挤碱和水 洗, 碱液浓度为 15 ° Be , 液碱温度为 15 °C, 丝光浸碱时间为 120s, 拉伸长度为 1 %, 热水 洗温度 50 °C, 热水洗时间为 40s , 室温水洗时间为 20s;
4、 烘干: 将丝光后的纤维绳辫放入烘千机屮烘干;
5、 绳辫退解: 将烘干后的纤维绳辫退解成单根的纤维条, 并绕成筒状;
6、 纺纱: 将上述丝光棉纤维进行梳棉、 并条、 粗纱、 细纱等工序紡成 42S/1 棉 /天丝丝光单 纱;
7、 单纱烧毛: 在纱线烧毛机上进行烧毛加工, 火口温度为 1050°C, 车速为 800m/min, 烧毛 后单纱表面光洁, 无黄白和强力损伤现象;
8、 梭织织造: 42S/1 棉 /天丝丝光单纱作为经纱, 按照设计的长度排列成幅宽平行的纱卷绕 于织机的经轴或织轴上, 纬纱采用 80S/2棉 /毛纱线按顺序排放, 按照一定的组织结构织成梭 织面料;
9、 后整理: 织造后织物进行后整理, 形成免浆料梭织面料。
【00331 检测结果为: 按本发明方法制成的免浆料梭织面料由于不需要上浆和退浆工序, 经 检测成品面料表面桨料残留率为 0, 面料强力提升 25%, 水洗尺寸变化率: 经向 -1.1 %, 纬 向 0.3 % ; 同材质、 同结构传统面料上浆料残留为 11.9%。
[0034]
实施例 3
一种经纱为 50S/1 棉 /麻 (90/10 ) 丝光单纱, 纬纱为 60S/1 莫代尔的免浆梭织面料的加工方 法如下:
1、 纤维制条: 将棉 /纤维 '麻纤维按 90: 10 比例经混棉、 清花、 普梳、 条并卷、 精梳、 并 条和粗纱后制成 50S/1棉 /麻粗纱条;
2、 编织成绳辫: 将 3 根无捻纤维条按照一定规律编织成三股辫即马尾辫状, 用于后道的丝 光;
3、 丝光: 将多根纤维绳辫在连续式丝光机上进行丝光, 过程包括浸碱、 施加张力、 挤碱和 水洗, 碱液浓度 30° Be , 液碱温度为 25Ό , 丝光浸碱时间为 150s, 拉伸长度为 2% , 热水 洗温度 80°C, 热水洗时间为 50s, 室温水洗时间为 30s; 4、 烘干: 将丝光后的纤维绳辫放入烘干机中烘干;
5、 绳辫退解: 将烘干后的纤维绳辫退解成单根的纤维条, 并绕成筒状;
6、 纺纱: 将上述丝光棉纤维进行梳棉、 并条、 粗纱、 细纱等工序纺成 50S/1 棉 /麻丝光单 纱、;
7、 染色: 采用筒染进行常规染色, 其中包括煮漂、 染色、 后处理等工序;
9、 梭织织造: 50S/1 棉 /麻丝光单纱为经纱, 按照设计的长度排列成幅宽平行的纱卷绕于织 机的经轴或织轴上, 纬纱采用 60S/1 莫代尔纱按顺序排放, 按照一定的组织结构织成梭织面 料;
10、 后整理: 织造后织物进行后整理, 形成免浆料梭织面料。
[0035] 检测结果为: 按本发明方法制成的免浆料梭织面料 ώ于不需要上浆和退浆工序, 经 检测成品面料表面浆料残留率为 0, 面料强力提升 5%, 水洗尺寸变化率: 经向 _1.8? 纬向
0.9、; 同材质、 同结构传统面料上浆料残留为 15.6%。
[0036]
实施例 4
一种经纱为 32S/1 棉 /丝 (70/30 ) 丝光单纱, 纬纱为 60S/2 丝光棉纱线的免浆料梭织面料的 加工方法如下:
1、 纤维制条: 将棉花经混棉、 清花、 普梳、 条并卷、 精梳成 32S棉纤维条;
2、 编织成绳辫: 将 4根无捻棉纤维条按照一定规律编织成辫状缆绳;
3、 摇绞: 辫状缆绳纤维绳辫经摇纱机摇绞成 450g;
4、 丝光: 将绞状纤维辫在绞纱丝光机上进行丝光, 过程包括浸碱、 施加张力、 挤碱和水 洗, 碱液浓度为 26 ° Βέ , 液碱温度为 22°C, 丝光浸碱时间为 160s, 拉伸长度为 3 %, 热水 洗温度 70°C, 热水洗时间为 50s, 室温水洗时间为 20s;
5、 烘干: 将丝光后的纤维辫放入烘干机中烘干;
6、 绳辫退解: 烘干后的纤维辫退解成单根的纤维条, 并绕成筒状;
7、 紡纱: 将上述丝光棉纤维与桑蚕丝按 70: 30比例进行梳棉、 并条, 粗纱, 细纱、 络筒纺 成 32S/1棉 /丝丝光单纱;
8、 单纱烧毛: 在纱线烧毛机上进行烧毛加工, 火口温度为 1050°C, 车速为 675m/min, 烧毛 后纱线表面光洁, 无黄白和强力损伤现象;
9、 染色: 采用绞纱进行常规染色, 其中包括煮漂、 染色、 后处理等工序;
10、 梭织织造: 32S/1 棉 /丝丝光单纱为经纱, 按照设计的长度排列成幅宽平行的纱卷绕于织 机的经轴或织轴上, 纬纱采用 60S/2丝光棉纱线按顺序排放, 按照一定的组织结构织成梭织 面料;
11、 后整理: 织造后织物进行后整理, 形成免浆料梭织面料。
[0037] 检测结果为: 按本发明方法制成的免浆料梭织面料山于不需要上浆和退浆工序, 经 检测成品面料表面浆料残留率为 0, 面料强力提升 11.7%, 水洗尺寸变化率: 经向 0.6 % , 纬 向 -0.8 % ; 同材质、 同结构传统面料上浆料残留为 10.6%。
[0038] 实施例 5
一种经纱为 60S/1丝光棉单纱, 纬纱为 70S/1棉涤的免浆梭织面料的加工方法如下:
1、 纤维制条: 将棉花经混棉、 清花、 普梳、 条并卷、 精梳成 60S棉纤维条;
2、 编织成绳辫: 将 4 根无捻棉纤维条按照一定规律编织成四股辫即缆绳状, 用于后道的丝 光;
3、 丝光: 将多根纤维绳辫在连续式丝光机上进行丝光, 过程包括浸碱、 施加张力、 挤碱和 水洗, 碱液浓度 30° Be , 液碱温度为 30°C, 丝光浸碱时间为 140s, 拉伸长度为 1 %, 热水 洗温度 75 °C, 热水洗时间为 55s, 室温水洗时问为 25s;
4、 烘干: 将丝光后的纤维绳辫放入烘干机中烘干;
5、 绳辫退解: 将烘干后的纤维绳辫退解成单根的纤维条, 并绕成筒状;
6、 纺纱: 将上述丝光棉纤维进行梳棉、 并条、 粗纱、 细纱等工序纺成 60S/1棉丝光单纱;
7、 染色: 采用筒染进行常规染色, 其中包括煮漂、 染色、 后处理等工序;
9、 梭织织造: 60S/1棉丝光单纱作为经纱, 按照设计的长度排列成幅宽平行的纱卷绕于织机 的经轴或织轴上, 纬纱采用 70S/1 棉漆纱线按顺序排放, 按照一定的组织结构织成梭织面 料;
10、 后整理: 织造后织物进行后整理, 形成免浆料梭织面料。
[0039] 检测结果为: 按本发明方法制成的免桨料梭织面料 ώ于不需要上桨和退桨工序, 经 检测成品面料中浆料残留率为 0, 面料强力提升 15.1%, 水洗尺寸变化率: 经向 -1.9 %, 纬 向 1.3 % ; 同材质、 同结构传统面料上浆料残留为 11.1%。
[0040]
最后应说明的是: 以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已, 并不用于限制本发明, 尽管参照 前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明, 对于本领域的技术人员来说, 其依然可以对前述各 实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改, 或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。 凡在本发明的 精神和原则之内, 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之
TZ000/C10ZN3/X3d OAV

Claims

权利要求书
1. 一种经纱为棉单纱或棉混纺单纱的免浆料梭织面料, 其特征在于, 所述的免 浆料梭织面料的经纱为棉单纱或棉混钫单纱, 纬纱为由天然纤维、再生纤维素纤 维或化学纤维及其它们的混纺纤维而纺成的纱线, 在面料制造过程中无需上浆、 退浆工序, 成品面料不存在浆料残留,水洗尺寸变化率经、 纬向均在 -3 %~+1.5 % 之间, 相对于同材质、 同结构传统上浆料面料强力提升 3 %〜25 %。
2. - 种经纱为棉单纱或棉混纺单纱的免浆料梭织面料的加工方法,其特征在于, 包括歩骤:
a、 纤维丝光: 包括纤维制条、 编织成绳辫、 张力丝光、 绳辫退解;
b、 丝光纤维纺纱: 制得的丝光纤维纯纺或与其他纤维混纺纺制成单纱; c、 织造: 单纱经整经、 织造成织物;
d、 后整理: 织造后的织物进行整理, 形成免浆料梭织面料。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的一种经纱为棉单纱或棉混纺单纱的免浆料梭织面料的 加工方法, 其特征在于: 纤维丝光 a歩骤中进一步包括以下步骤:
( 1 ) 纤维制条: 将纤维通过常规纺纱工序制成纤维条;
( 2 ) 编织成绳辫: 将多根无捻的纤维条按一定规律相互编织成绳辫状结构, 例 如二股马尾辫状、 四股辫状缆绳;
( 3 ) 丝光: 将纤维条的绳辫进行张力丝光;
( 4 ) 绳辫退解: 将丝光后的绳辫退解成单根的纤维条。
4. 根据权利要求 2-3之 ·所述的一种经纱为棉单纱或棉混纺单纱的免浆料梭织 面料的加工方法, 其特征在于: 纤维丝光 a步骤屮, 丝光采用液碱张力丝光, 通 过浸碱、施加张力、挤碱和水洗工序进行丝光;优选地,液碱浓度为 15〜40 °Βέ, 液碱温度为 15〜30°C, 丝光浸碱时间为 120〜180s, 拉伸长度为 1〜6 %, 热水 洗温度 50〜80°C, 热水洗时间为 40〜60s, 室温水洗时间为 20〜30s。
5. 根据权利要求 2-4之一所述的一种经纱为棉单纱或棉混紡单纱的免浆料梭织 面料的加工方法, 其特征在于: 步骤 a屮, 纤维的种类包括天然耐碱纤维、 再生 纤维素纤维或化学纤维, 及其它们的混纺纤维, 例如棉、 麻或竹纤维, 棉 /天丝、 棉 /麻或棉 /化纤等混纺纤维。
6. 根据权利要求 2-5之一所述的一种经纱为棉单纱或棉混纺单纱的免浆料梭织 面料的加工方法, 其特征在于: 步骤 a中, 纤维条是指纺纱不同工序中形成的精 梳、 普梳生条, 或粗纱。
7. 根据权利要求 2-6之一所述的一种经纱为棉单纱或棉混纺单纱的免浆料梭织 面料的加工方法, 其特征在于: 编织成绳辫所用纤维条可以是干棉条; 也可在编 织成绳辫前对纤维条进行加湿以利编织。
8. 根据权利要求 2-7之一所述的一种经纱为棉单纱或棉混纺单纱的免桨料梭织 面料的加工方法, 其特征在于: 步骤 a中, 编织成绳辫工序中纤维条的数目按照 编织结构的不同采用的条数不定,例如采用 3根纤维条编织成三股辫状, 或采用 4根纤维条编织成辫状缆绳。
9. 根据权利要求 2-8之一所述的一种经纱为棉单纱或棉混纺单纱的免浆料梭织 面料的加工方法, 其特征在于: 歩骤 a中, 丝光可以¾用连续式张力丝光, 也可 以先进行摇绞成一定重量后在绞纱丝光机上进行丝光,或者进行简易的手工丝光 或丝光架丝光。
10. 根据权利要求 2-9之一所述的一种经纱为棉单纱或棉混纺单纱的免浆料梭织 面料的加工方法, 其特征在于: 步骤 a中, 退解后的纤维条可以直接或与其它纤 维经并条、粗纱和细纱等加工制成单纱, 也可以打散成纤维经混棉、梳棉、并条、 粗纱、 细纱等工序纺制成单纱。
11. 根据权利要求 2-10之一所述的一种经纱为棉^纱或棉混紡单纱的免浆料梭 织面料的加工方法, 其特征在于, 退绳分离后的纤维粗纱直接可以加工成单纱。
12. 根据权利要求 2-1 1之一所述的一种经纱为棉单纱或棉混纺单纱的免浆料梭 织面料的加工方法, 其特征在于: 步骤 b中丝光纤维包括本色丝光纤维, 煮漂丝 光纤维, 或煮漂染色丝光纤维。
13. 根据权利要求 2-12之一所述的一种经纱为棉舉纱或棉混纺单纱的免浆料梭 织面料的加工方法, 其特征在于: 步骤 b中丝光纤维纺纱方式为纯紡或与其它纤 维混纺。
14. 根据权利要求 2-13之一所述的一种经纱为棉单纱或棉混纺单纱的免浆料梭 织面料的加工方法, 其特征在于: 织造步骤前可根据需要进行纱线烧毛、 前处理 或染色。
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