WO2014054137A1 - キャンバー付車両構体及びキャンバー付車両構体の製造方法 - Google Patents
キャンバー付車両構体及びキャンバー付車両構体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014054137A1 WO2014054137A1 PCT/JP2012/075675 JP2012075675W WO2014054137A1 WO 2014054137 A1 WO2014054137 A1 WO 2014054137A1 JP 2012075675 W JP2012075675 W JP 2012075675W WO 2014054137 A1 WO2014054137 A1 WO 2014054137A1
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- camber
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- roof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
- B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
- B61D17/041—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures with bodies characterised by use of light metal, e.g. aluminium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
- B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
- B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
- B61D17/06—End walls
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vehicle structure and a manufacturing method, and more particularly to a vehicle structure with a camber that can easily attach a camber and a method of manufacturing a vehicle structure with a camber.
- a structure of a railway vehicle is manufactured so as to warp upward at the center in the longitudinal direction (rail direction) when completed.
- the main purpose of this is to prevent the center part of the vehicle from deflecting downward due to the weight of the passenger when the passenger gets on the board, so that the underfloor equipment does not violate the lower vehicle limit.
- the vehicle end (gable) side relatively low with respect to the vehicle center, it is possible to improve drainage by preventing rainwater from accumulating on the roof and rain protection. is there.
- the camber amount (sometimes referred to as camber) is a dimension (amount) measured vertically upward from a line segment connecting two points that support both ends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle structure.
- the camber attached to the side structure generally has a dimensional difference between the upper part (roof side) s1 and the lower part (underframe side) s2, and the upper and lower parts are each smoothly curved. It is configured to be connected.
- it is extremely difficult to attach a camber as designed, and trial (prototype) may be required.
- Patent Literature 1 is disclosed as a method for facilitating adjustment of a camber.
- the side structure is configured by a plurality of intermediate blocks and two vehicle end blocks that bear the vehicle end, and the upper curtain plate portion is replaced by the lower blowing plate portion at the joint portion of the vehicle end block and the intermediate block. It is said that the camber can be easily adjusted by making the length longer than that.
- the fastening hole is usually drilled by a machining machine, but if it is difficult to drill on a curved line due to processing equipment limitations, the machining is performed manually.
- the present invention provides a vehicle structure in which a camber can be easily attached in a railway vehicle, particularly a vehicle in which the structure is assembled by mechanical fastening means such as bolts and rivets, and a manufacturing method thereof.
- the vehicle structure and manufacturing method that can easily attach the camber of the present invention is a folding point or inflection point of the camber at the entrance / exit opening portion of the entrance / exit when attaching the camber to the vehicle structure assembled by mechanical fastening such as bolts and rivets. This is achieved by forming a portion where there is no entrance opening and a straight line.
- the camber-equipped vehicle structure includes a side structure, a roof structure, and a frame, and has a camber that warps upward, and serves as an entrance / exit as a passenger's entrance / exit. 1 or more, and each of the roof structure and the underframe is previously partially curved with a predetermined curvature in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle in at least one set of the entrance / exit openings.
- the side structure is formed so as to have a straight line between the entrance / exit openings or from the end of the entrance / exit opening to the end of the vehicle, and a joint between the side structure, the roof structure, and the frame is straight. It is characterized in that it is mechanically coupled to each other in a shape.
- the side structure adjacent to the curved doorway opening is formed in a trapezoidal shape having the roof structure side as a long side and the frame side as a short side.
- the camber-equipped vehicle structure according to the present invention is characterized in that the curved entrance / exit opening is formed such that the opening on the roof structure side is wider than the opening on the underframe side.
- the camber-equipped vehicle structure according to the present invention includes a plurality of fastening holes formed on an edge of the side structure facing the roof structure and the frame and an edge of the roof structure and the frame facing the side structure. And it is joined by mechanical fastening using this fastening hole.
- a method for manufacturing a vehicle structure with a camber is a method for manufacturing a vehicle structure including a side structure, a roof structure, and a frame, and having a camber that warps upward.
- One or a plurality of entrance / exit openings are formed, and each of the roof structure and the underframe is partially curved with a predetermined curvature in the vehicle longitudinal direction in advance in at least one set of the entrance / exit openings.
- the side structure includes a step of forming a straight line between the entrance / exit openings or from an end of the entrance / exit opening to the vehicle end, and the side structure, the roof structure, and the underframe. And a step of mechanically coupling each other so that the joint portions thereof are linear.
- the step of mechanically coupling the side structure, the roof structure, and the underframe to each other such that the joint portion is linear is provided on the side structure.
- a camber-equipped vehicle structure and a manufacturing method can be easily attached to a roof structure side and a base frame of a side structure when attaching a camber in a vehicle structure assembled by mechanical fastening such as bolts and rivets. What is necessary is just to process linearly along a side edge part, and there exists an advantage that a prior process and a structure assembly are easy.
- the above advantages are most effective in the vehicle structure in which the side structure is divided at the entrance / exit opening, and can be applied to the case where the vehicle structure in which the side structure is divided at the entrance / exit opening is assembled by welding. It is. Even in the case of welding assembly, it is only necessary to weld a side structure adjacent to a curved roof structure or underframe, instead of welding while applying a load to bend the roof structure or underframe, Processing can be performed easily and the process can be simplified.
- the longitudinal dimensional difference of the vehicle and the vertical dimensional difference of the side structure generated in the partially curved roof structure and underframe can be made the same. Can be joined.
- the camber of the vehicle structure can be formed by forming the opening on the roof structure side wider than the opening on the frame side in the corresponding set of openings provided on the roof structure and the frame.
- the side structure can be rectangular instead of the trapezoid as described above, and the processing can be easily performed.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a camber applying method to an existing side structure (integrated type).
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a camber imparting method to an existing side structure (opening / dividing type of the side doorway).
- FIG. 3 is a side view of the vehicle structure with camber in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a side view showing the shape of a single side structure in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a side view of the vehicle structure with camber in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a side view showing the shape of a single side structure in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a side view of the vehicle structure with camber in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of the side structure shown in FIGS.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing an example of a vehicle structure with a camber and a manufacturing method in this embodiment, and is a view showing a side view of the structure after assembly.
- the structure includes a frame 301, side structures 311, 312, 313, 314, a roof structure 321, and wife structures 331, 332.
- the side structure is divided into four parts by three entrance / exit openings 371, 372, and 373.
- the roof structure 321 is provided with openings 321a to 321d corresponding to the upper shape of the entrance / exit opening, and the base frame 301 is partially provided with openings 301a to 301d corresponding to the lower shape of the entrance / exit opening.
- the underframe 301, the side structures 311 to 314, and the roof structure 321 are fastened in a straight line by machine fastening portions 381 such as bolts and rivets.
- a line connecting the mechanical fastening portions 381 in the range of the central entrance / exit opening 372 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle structure is a curved line (in this embodiment, an arc, hereinafter referred to as a curved camber), and the longitudinal center of the vehicle structural body
- the line connecting the machine fastening portions 381 in the range from the door opening to the vehicle end is a straight line (hereinafter referred to as a straight camber).
- the straight camber is connected so as to be tangent to the curved camber, and the camber line is configured to be smoothly continuous.
- the length dimension s1 of the frame 301 and the length dimension s2 of the roof structure 321 are different from each other so that s2 is longer in accordance with the camber.
- the upper and lower width direction (direction along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle structure) of the upper and lower openings 371, 372, and 373 are configured to be the same.
- FIG. 4 shows the shape of the side structure 312 near the center before being fastened to the roof structure 321 and the underframe 301.
- a dimensional difference is provided between the upper dimension y2 and the lower dimension y1 of the side structure 312.
- FIG. 3 In this side structure 312, aluminum hollow extruded members 441 to 445 in which two opposing face plates are joined by a truss are joined by welding or FSW (friction stir welding), and FIG. 8 (AA in FIG. 4). (Sectional view).
- the hole for the mechanical fastening portion 381 is provided on an edge that is overlapped with the roof structure 321 of the side structure 312 (for fastening with the roof structure) 471 and an edge that is overlapped with the frame 301 of the side structure 312 (table. 472 provided for fastening to the frame), both of which are arranged linearly. Further, the upper hole portion 471 and the row of the lower hole portions 472 are arranged in parallel. The arrangement of the holes is the same for the embodiments described later.
- the processing of the holes 471 and 472 for the machine fastening portion 381 and the processing of the side structures 312 and 313 into a trapezoidal shape may be performed by a single aluminum extruded extruded member before joining the aluminum extruded extruded members.
- the aluminum hollow extruded shapes may be joined together by welding or FSW (friction stir welding). 3 and 4 are exaggerated for easy understanding of the concept of this embodiment, and the dimensional difference ⁇ y between the upper dimension y2 and the lower dimension y1 is about several millimeters.
- the fastening holes 471 and 472 may be processed in a straight line, and an advantage of easy prior processing and assembly is obtained.
- the shapes of the entrance / exit openings 371 to 373 can be made the same at three locations, and the dimensional relationship between the door device and door leaf (not shown) and the entrance / exit openings 371 to 373 can be made identical. This provides the advantage that the work for attaching the door device and the door leaf, particularly the work for adjusting the gap with the structure can be unified.
- FIG. 5 is a view showing an example of a vehicle structure with a camber and a manufacturing method in this embodiment, and is a view showing a side view of the structure after assembly.
- a difference is provided in the width direction dimension of the upper part 521b and the width direction dimension of the lower part 501b of the central entrance / exit opening 572.
- the shape of the side structures 512 and 513 closer to the center is made rectangular as shown in FIG. 6 without providing a dimensional difference between the upper part and the lower part, and processing into a trapezoidal shape is not necessary.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
- the hole 671 for the mechanical fastening portion 381 may be processed in a straight line, and an advantage of easy prior processing and assembly is obtained.
- the side structure 512 can be rectangular, and there is an advantage that the side structure can be easily manufactured.
- the advantage which makes the shape of a side entrance / exit all three places the same shape is not acquired.
- FIG. 7 is a view showing an example of a vehicle structure with a camber and a manufacturing method in the present embodiment, and is a view showing a side view of the assembled vehicle structure.
- the configuration of Example 1 is a diagram showing a configuration in which there are four entrance / exit openings on one side, whereas the entrance / exit opening has three on one side.
- the structure includes a frame 701, side structures 711, 712, 713, 714, 715, a roof structure 721, and wife structures 731, 732.
- the side structure is divided into five parts by four entrance / exit openings 771, 772, 773, and 774.
- the camber has a curved range (arc in this embodiment) as a part of the range of the roof structure 721 and the base frame 701 that form the entrance / exit openings 772 and 773 at the center of the vehicle structure, and each side structure 711 to other parts.
- the camber that connects the mechanical fastening portion 381 between 714, the underframe 701, and the roof structure 721 is a straight line.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
- the hole (not shown) for the mechanical fastening portion 381 has only to be processed in a straight line, and an advantage of easy prior processing and assembly is obtained.
- the shapes of the entrance / exit openings 771 to 774 can be made the same at all four locations, and the dimensional relationship between the door device and door leaf and the side entrance / exit can be made the same. This provides the advantage that the work for attaching the door device and the door leaf, particularly the work for adjusting the gap with the structure can be unified.
- the fourth embodiment is a vehicle having four entrance / exit openings shown in the third embodiment in which the camber is added to the vehicle structure having the three entrance / exit openings shown in the second embodiment. It is applied to the structure.
- the widthwise dimensions of the upper part of the two doorway openings (corresponding to the doorway openings 772 and 773 in FIG. 7) from the longitudinal center of the side structure It is larger than the width direction dimension of the lower part.
- the side structures 714 and 712 shown in the third embodiment
- the side structures 512 equivalent shown in the second embodiment are combined. Except for these points, the configuration is the same as that shown in the third embodiment.
- the hole 671 (see FIG. 6) for the mechanical fastening portion 381 only needs to be processed in a straight line, and an advantage of easy prior processing and vehicle assembly can be obtained.
- the side structure (see FIG. 6) can be rectangular, and the advantage that the side structure can be easily manufactured can be obtained.
- the present invention has been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the gist of the present invention.
- the structure in which the side structure is divided at the opening of the side doorway is assembled by mechanical fastening such as bolts and rivets.
- the present invention can also be applied to the case of welding assembly.
- the opening portion may be a curve, and the welding line connecting the side structure and the roof structure, and the side structure and the underframe may be provided in a straight line. This eliminates the need for the weld line to follow a curve, facilitates welding, and provides the advantages of reducing the number of assembly steps and stabilizing the welding quality.
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Abstract
Description
そして、ボルトやリベットなど機械締結により組立てられる車両構体にキャンバーをつけるためには、従来方法の溶接での製造方法の考え方を適用して、締結孔をキャンバーに合わせた滑らかに連続する曲線上に穿通する方法がある。しかしながら、この方法では、構体組立の前に、側構体、屋根構体、台枠それぞれで、車両完成時に必要なキャンバーから逆算した曲線上のキャンバーに合わせて締結孔の穿設をする必要がある。この際、側構体と屋根構体、側構体と台枠の機械締結部で締結孔のずれがないよう加工精度に配慮しなければならない。締結孔は通常、機械加工機により穿設するが、加工設備の制約上、曲線上に穿設することが困難な場合は、手動で加工を行うこととなる。
側構体に備えられる4ヶ所の側出入り口の内、側構体の長手方向の中央部よりの2ヶ所の出入り口開口部(図7の出入り口開口部772と773に相当)の上部の幅方向寸法をそれらの下部の幅方向寸法より大きくしている。さらに、実施例3で示した側構体714、712(図7参照)に代えて、実施例2で示した側構体512相当(図6参照)を組み合わせたものである。これらの点以外は、実施例3で示した構成と同様である。
301a~c、501a~c、701a~d 開口部(台枠側)
311~314、511~514、711~714 側構体
321、521、721 屋根構体
321a~c、521a~c、721a~d 開口部(屋根構体側)
331、531、731 妻構体(前位)
332、532、732 妻構体(後位)
371~373、571~573、771~774 出入り口開口部
381 機械締結部
471、671 締結孔(屋根構体側)
472、672 締結孔(台枠側)
Claims (6)
- 側構体、屋根構体、台枠を有するとともに、長手方向に沿って上方に反るキャンバーを有する車両構体であって、
乗客の乗降口たる出入り口として、前記側構体に出入り口開口部を1乃至複数形成し、
前記屋根構体及び前記台枠の各々は、前記出入り口開口部の少なくとも1組の箇所において、予め車両構体の長手方向に所定の曲率を持って部分的に湾曲させておき、
前記側構体は、前記出入り口開口部間又は前記出入り口開口部の端部から前記車両構体端部までを直線状となるよう形成し、
前記側構体と前記屋根構体及び前記台枠との接合部が直線状となるようにして相互に機械的に結合した
ことを特徴とするキャンバー付車両構体。 - 前記湾曲させた出入り口開口部に隣接する側構体は、前記屋根構体側を長辺とし、前記台枠側を短辺とする台形状に形成することを特徴とする請求項1記載のキャンバー付車両構体。
- 前記湾曲させた出入り口開口部は、前記屋根構体側の開口部を前記台枠側の開口部よりも幅広に形成することを特徴とする請求項1記載のキャンバー付車両構体。
- 前記側構体の前記屋根構体及び前記台枠に対向する縁と、前記屋根構体及び前記台枠の前記側構体に対向する縁とに複数の締結孔を形成し、該締結孔を用いて機械的締結することによって接合されることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3の何れか1項記載のキャンバー付車両構体。
- 側構体、屋根構体、台枠を有するとともに、長手方向に沿って上方に反るキャンバーを有する車両構体の製造方法であって、
乗客の乗降口たる出入り口として、前記側構体に出入り口開口部を1乃至複数形成し、前記屋根構体及び前記台枠の各々を、前記出入り口開口部の少なくとも1組の箇所において、予め車両構体の長手方向に所定の曲率を持って部分的に湾曲させておき、前記側構体は、前記出入り口開口部間又は前記出入り口開口部の端部から前記車両構体端部までを直線状となるよう形成する工程と、
前記側構体と前記屋根構体及び前記台枠との接合部が直線状となるようにして相互に機械的に結合する工程と、
からなることを特徴とするキャンバー付車両構体の製造方法。 - 前記側構体と前記屋根構体及び前記台枠との接合部が直線状となるようにして相互に機械的に結合する工程が、
前記側構体の前記屋根構体及び前記台枠に対向する縁と、前記屋根構体及び前記台枠の前記側構体に対向する縁とに複数の締結孔を形成する工程と、
前記側構体に対して前記屋根構体及び前記台枠を、機械締結手段によって前記締結孔を用いて接合する工程と、
からなることを特徴とする請求項5記載のキャンバー付車両の製造方法。
Priority Applications (4)
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PCT/JP2012/075675 WO2014054137A1 (ja) | 2012-10-03 | 2012-10-03 | キャンバー付車両構体及びキャンバー付車両構体の製造方法 |
DE112012006977.3T DE112012006977B4 (de) | 2012-10-03 | 2012-10-03 | Fahrzeugkörperstruktur mit Wölbung und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Fahrzeugkörperstruktur mit Wölbung |
JP2014539528A JP5993021B2 (ja) | 2012-10-03 | 2012-10-03 | キャンバー付車両構体及びキャンバー付車両構体の製造方法 |
GB1505237.6A GB2520652B (en) | 2012-10-03 | 2012-10-03 | Vehicle body structure with camber and method for manufacturing vehicle body structure with camber |
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PCT/JP2012/075675 WO2014054137A1 (ja) | 2012-10-03 | 2012-10-03 | キャンバー付車両構体及びキャンバー付車両構体の製造方法 |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2016068898A (ja) * | 2014-10-01 | 2016-05-09 | 日本車輌製造株式会社 | アルミ側構体製造方法 |
JP2017088012A (ja) * | 2015-11-12 | 2017-05-25 | 日本車輌製造株式会社 | 鉄道車両用ブロック結合構造及びそれを用いた鉄道車両用構体 |
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- 2012-10-03 JP JP2014539528A patent/JP5993021B2/ja active Active
- 2012-10-03 DE DE112012006977.3T patent/DE112012006977B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-10-03 WO PCT/JP2012/075675 patent/WO2014054137A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2012-10-03 GB GB1505237.6A patent/GB2520652B/en active Active
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JPS60213564A (ja) * | 1984-04-05 | 1985-10-25 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | 車両構体 |
JPH0680076A (ja) * | 1992-07-17 | 1994-03-22 | Hitachi Ltd | 鉄道車両及びその製作方法 |
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JPH0986407A (ja) * | 1995-09-22 | 1997-03-31 | Nippon Sharyo Seizo Kaisha Ltd | 鉄道車両及びその製作方法 |
JP2007045304A (ja) * | 2005-08-09 | 2007-02-22 | Tokyu Car Corp | 鉄道車両構体及びその製造方法 |
JP2008055445A (ja) * | 2006-08-30 | 2008-03-13 | Hitachi Ltd | 構造体の製作方法及び構造体 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2016068898A (ja) * | 2014-10-01 | 2016-05-09 | 日本車輌製造株式会社 | アルミ側構体製造方法 |
JP2017088012A (ja) * | 2015-11-12 | 2017-05-25 | 日本車輌製造株式会社 | 鉄道車両用ブロック結合構造及びそれを用いた鉄道車両用構体 |
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GB2520652B (en) | 2019-07-03 |
JP5993021B2 (ja) | 2016-09-14 |
DE112012006977T5 (de) | 2015-07-16 |
JPWO2014054137A1 (ja) | 2016-08-25 |
DE112012006977B4 (de) | 2022-04-28 |
GB201505237D0 (en) | 2015-05-13 |
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