WO2014032428A1 - 检影镜 - Google Patents

检影镜 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014032428A1
WO2014032428A1 PCT/CN2013/073677 CN2013073677W WO2014032428A1 WO 2014032428 A1 WO2014032428 A1 WO 2014032428A1 CN 2013073677 W CN2013073677 W CN 2013073677W WO 2014032428 A1 WO2014032428 A1 WO 2014032428A1
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Prior art keywords
mirror
illumination
optical axis
inspection
retinoscope
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PCT/CN2013/073677
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王吉龙
何进
沈顺国
李向东
周伟忠
刘啸虎
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苏州捷美医疗器械有限公司
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Publication of WO2014032428A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014032428A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/12—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for looking at the eye fundus, e.g. ophthalmoscopes
    • A61B3/1208—Multiple lens hand-held instruments
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/103—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for determining refraction, e.g. refractometers, skiascopes
    • A61B3/1035—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for determining refraction, e.g. refractometers, skiascopes for measuring astigmatism
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/14—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of photoelectric illumination and display technology, and in particular to a retinoscope.
  • the retinoscopy mirror is an instrument for measuring the refractive error of the human eye and the axial position of the astigmatism, in which an optical system for filament illumination imaging is provided.
  • an optical system for filament illumination imaging is provided.
  • the retinoscope can be basically divided into two types, a strip type and a point type.
  • the clinical use of optometry is generally a strip-shaped light type.
  • the strip light system in the existing strip-shaped optical inspection mirror is provided by a projection lamp with a high-brightness incandescent lamp, and the internal structure mainly includes incandescent light.
  • the lamp, the projection mirror and a half mirror, the incandescent lamp is the light source of the linear filament, and the projection mirror and a transflective lens project the filament image and reflection onto the human eye.
  • the examiner observes the change of the filament image and adjusts the distance between the projection mirror and the bulb to change the projection beam into a diverging beam or a concentrated beam for optometry.
  • the disadvantage is that the ribbon image formed by the filament is not clear enough and not uniform.
  • the light energy utilization rate of the light source is not high, and the life of the incandescent lamp is short.
  • a retinoscope for detecting ametropia and astigmatism of an eye which has an illumination imaging system
  • the illumination imaging system includes An illumination source, a projection mirror and a semi-transparent mirror arranged along the direction of propagation of the illumination light forming the beam, the projection mirror and the optical axis of the semi-transparent mirror are collinear, the reflection plane of the semi-transparent mirror and the illumination light
  • the shaft is 45 o angle, along the illumination optical axis between the illumination source and the projection mirror, a collecting lens column and an inspection diaphragm are arranged in sequence, and the optical axis of the collecting lens column and the illumination optical axis coincide, and the plane of the inspection pupil and the beam are The optical axis is perpendicular.
  • the concentrating lens is listed as a multi-piece lens or a single lens.
  • the inspection aperture is a ribbon aperture or a spot diaphragm.
  • the inspection diaphragm is rotatable about the illumination optical axis.
  • the projection mirror is movable relative to the inspection aperture along the optical axis.
  • the illumination source is an incandescent or xenon lamp or a halogen or LED lamp.
  • the illumination source is a white source or a colored source.
  • the half mirror can be replaced with a perforated mirror.
  • the half mirror can be replaced by a mirror with a hollow reflective film.
  • the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:
  • the reaming mirror of the invention adds a concentrating lens array after the illumination source, so that the light energy utilization rate is high, and the strip-shaped light or the spot-shaped light of the inspection aperture passes through the projection mirror, and the boundary is clear and uniform; and the illumination is at the same time
  • the retinoscope of the imaging system is compact, such as a red or green colored light source, the color vision will be better and the user will be more easily identified.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an illumination imaging system of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a detection aperture in the present invention as a ribbon aperture
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the inspection aperture in the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a retinoscope in the present invention.
  • the retinoscope has an illumination imaging system including sequentially arranged in the direction of the illumination optical axis OO 1 along which the illumination beam propagates.
  • the first protective glass piece 6 and the second protective glass piece 7 are disposed on the third surface, and the first protective glass piece 6 and the second protective glass piece 7 are respectively disposed on both sides of the lens 5.
  • the illumination optical axis OO 1 is perpendicular to the observed optical axis O 2 O 3 .
  • the condensing lens array 2 is a single lens or a plurality of lenses.
  • the inspection aperture 3 is a strip diaphragm or a spot diaphragm, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, respectively.
  • the half mirror 5 is followed by a matte sheet 9 . Assuming that the front side of the half mirror 5 faces the incident beam, the mat group 9 It is on the back side of the half mirror 5.
  • the illumination source 1 can be an incandescent or xenon lamp or a halogen or LED lamp, and can be a white light source or a colored light source.
  • the half mirror 5 can be replaced by a mirror with a perforated mirror or a hollow reflective film.
  • the inspection aperture 3 is disposed on the first image plane P formed by the illumination light source 1 through the condensing lens array 2, and the plane of the inspection aperture 3 facing the side of the light beam is perpendicular to the illumination optical axis OO 1 and is OO 1 is at point O, the inspection diaphragm 3 is rotatable about the illumination optical axis OO 1 ; the projection mirror 4 is movable toward or away from the inspection aperture 3 along the illumination optical axis OO 1 ; the reflection surface of the half mirror 5 and The illumination axis is at an angle of 45 o.
  • the size and sharpness of the image pupil on the eyeball is measured, and the refractive error of the eye is measured.
  • the inspection aperture 3 is rotated around the illumination optical axis OO 1 to make the image of the band/point light around the observation optical axis O 2 O 3 rotation, used to detect the astigmatism axis on the eye M.
  • the light emitted from the illumination source 1 passes through the condensing lens array 2 and is directed toward the strip-shaped inspection diaphragm 3 disposed on the P surface, and the beam emitted through the inspection aperture 3
  • the projection mirror 4 projects onto the half mirror 5 and is reflected by the half mirror 5 to change direction, and the reflected light is transmitted through the first cover glass 6 to the detected eye M for observation.
  • the observer's observation eye 8 observes the detected eyeball M through the second protective glass sheet 7, the half mirror 5, and the first protective glass sheet 6.
  • Moving the projection mirror 4 along the illumination optical axis OO 1 can adjust the size and sharpness of the imaging diaphragm 3 on the eyeball to measure the refractive condition of the human eye, and at the same time, the inspection aperture 3 rotates around the illumination optical axis OO 1 .
  • the image of the inspection diaphragm 3 is rotated about the observation optical axis O 2 O 3 for detecting the astigmatic axial position on the eyeball M.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)

Abstract

一种检影镜，其具有一照明成像系统，包括沿照明光线的光轴依次设置的照明光源（1）、投射镜（4）以及半透半反镜（5），投射镜（4）与半透半反镜（5）的自身光轴共线，半透半反镜（5）的反光平面和照明光轴（OO1）呈45°角，沿照明光源（1）和投射镜（4）之间的照明光轴（OO1）依次设置有聚光透镜列（2）和检影光阑（3），聚光透镜列（2）的光轴和照明光轴（OO1）重合，检影光阑（3）的平面与照明光轴（OO1）相垂直。

Description

检影镜
技术领域
本发明涉及光电照明和显示技术领域，特别是涉及一种检影镜。
背景技术
检影镜是测定人眼屈光不正和散光轴位的仪器，其中设置有灯丝照明成像的光学系统。用于客观测量眼球屈光状态时，利用检影镜将眼球内部照亮，光线从视网膜反射回来，这些反射光线经过眼球屈光度发生改变，通过检查反射光线的变化可以判断眼球的屈光状态。
检影镜基本可分为两种类型，带状光型和点状光型。
目前临床上用于验光的一般为带状光型，现有的带状光检影镜中的带状光系采用高亮度的白炽灯的灯丝通过投射镜成像照明提供，其内部结构主要包括白炽灯、投射镜和一个半透半反射镜，白炽灯为线性灯丝的光源，由投射镜和一个半透半反的镜片将灯丝成像和反射投射到人的眼球。检查者通过观察灯丝像的变化，同时调节投射镜与灯泡之间的距离，将投射光束变为发散光束或会聚光束，进行验光，其缺点是灯丝所成的带状像不够清晰和不够均匀，光源的光能量利用率不高，白炽灯的使用寿命短。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种照明成像的光能量利用率高的检影镜。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：一种检影镜，该检影镜用于检测眼屈光不正和散光轴位，其具有一照明成像系统，照明成像系统包括 沿形成光束的照明光线的传播方向依次设置的照明光源、投射镜以及半透半反镜，投射镜与半透半反镜的自身光轴共线，半透半反镜的反光平面和照明光轴呈 45 º角，沿照明光源和投射镜之间的照明光轴依次设置有聚光透镜列和检影光阑，聚光透镜列的光轴和照明光轴重合，检影光阑的平面与光束的光轴相垂直。
优选地，聚光透镜列为多片透镜或单片透镜。
优选地，检影光阑为带状光阑或点状光阑。
优选地，检影光阑能够绕照明光轴旋转。
优选地，投射镜能够相对检影光阑沿光轴移动。
优选地，照明光源为白炽灯或氙灯或卤素灯或 LED 灯。
优选地，照明光源为白色光源或有色光源。
优选地，半透半反镜能够用带孔反光镜代替。
优选地，半透半反镜能够用镀空心反射膜的反光镜代替。
由于上述技术方案运用，本发明与现有技术相比具有下列优点：
本发明的检影镜在照明光源后加上聚光透镜列可使光能量利用率高，检影光阑的带状光或点状光经投射镜成的像，边界清晰均匀；同时该照明成像系统的检影镜结构紧凑，如采用红色或绿色的有色光源，色视觉会更好，使用者更容易识别。
附图说明
附图 1 为本发明中照明成像系统的结构示意图；
附图 2 为本发明中检影光阑为带状光阑的结构示意图；
附图 3 为本发明中检影光阑为点状光阑的结构示意图；
附图 4 为本发明中检影镜的结构示意图。
其中： 1 、照明光源； 2 、聚光透镜列； 3 、检影光阑； 4 、投射镜； 5 、半透半反镜； 6 、第一保护玻璃片； 7 、第二保护玻璃片； 8 、观察眼； 9 、消光片组； OO1 、照明光轴； O2O3 、观测光轴； P 、第一像面； M 、眼球。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步描述：
在本实施例中，如图 1 、 4 所示的检影镜，该检影镜具有一个照明成像系统，该照明成像系统包括沿照明光束传播所沿的照明光轴 OO1 方向上依次设置的照明光源 1 、聚光透镜列 2 、检影光阑 3 、投射镜 4 、半透半反镜 5 以及消光片组 9 ，经半透半反镜 5 反射的光束所在的观测光轴 O2O3 上设置有第一保护玻璃片 6 、第二保护玻璃片 7 ，并且第一保护玻璃片 6 、第二保护玻璃片 7 分别设置在镜片 5 两侧。照明光轴 OO1 与观测光轴 O2O3 相垂直。
聚光透镜列 2 为单片透镜或多片透镜。
检影光阑 3 为带状光阑或点状光阑，分别如图 2 、 3 所示。
半透半反镜 5 后有消光片组 9 。假设半透半反镜 5 的正面对着射入的光束，则消光片组 9 处于半透半反镜 5 的背面一侧。
照明光源 1 可以是白炽灯或氙灯或卤素灯或 LED 灯，可以为白色光源或有色光源等。
半透半反镜 5 可以用带孔反光镜或镀空心反射膜的反光镜代替。
检影光阑 3 设置在照明光源 1 经聚光透镜列 2 所成的第一像面 P 上，检影光阑 3 的对着光束的侧面所在的平面和照明光轴 OO1 垂直并与 OO1 交于 O 点，检影光阑 3 可绕照明光轴 OO1 旋转；投射镜 4 可沿照明光轴 OO1 朝向或远离检影光阑 3 移动；半透半反镜 5 的反射面和照明光轴成 45 º角。经过检影光阑 3 后形成的带 / 点状光经投射镜 4 投射到半透半反镜 5 上被反射，再透过第一保护玻璃片 6 成像到被检测的眼球 M 上，观察者的观察眼 8 通过第二保护玻璃片 7 、镜片 5 、第一保护玻璃片 6 观测被检测的眼球 M 上的带 / 点状光的变化，沿照明光轴 OO1 移动投射镜 4 以调节检影光阑成像在眼球上的大小和清晰度，测定眼屈光不正，同时，检影光阑 3 绕照明光轴 OO1 旋转，可使带 / 点状光的像绕观测光轴 O2O3 旋转，用来检测在眼球 M 上的散光轴位。
以下具体阐述本发明的工作原理：
参照图 2 所示的实施例，从照明光源 1 发出的光线经聚光透镜列 2 后射向设置在 P 面上的带状检影光阑 3 ，经过检影光阑 3 后射出的光束再经投射镜 4 投射到半透半反镜 5 上，并被半透半反镜 5 反射后改变方向，反射光透过第一保护玻璃片 6 照射到被检测的眼球 M 以供观测。观察者的观察眼 8 透过第二保护玻璃片 7 、半透半反镜 5 、第一保护玻璃片 6 观测被检测的眼球 M 。沿照明光轴 OO1 移动投射镜 4 可以调节检影光阑 3 成像在眼球上的大小和清晰度，测定人眼屈光情况，同时，检影光阑 3 绕照明光轴 OO1 旋转，可使检影光阑 3 的像绕观察光轴 O2O3 旋转，用来检测在眼球 M 上的散光轴位。
此外，如采用红色或绿色的有色光源，色视觉会更好，使用者更容易识别。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

1. 一种检影镜，该检影镜用于检测眼屈光不正和散光轴位，其具有一照明成像系统，所述的照明成像系统包括沿的照明光线的传播方向依次设置的照明光源、投射镜以及半透半反镜，所述投射镜与半透半反镜的自身光轴共线，所述的半透半反镜的反光平面和照明光轴呈 45 º角，其特征在于：沿照明光源和投射镜之间的照明光轴依次设置聚光透镜列和检影光阑，所述的聚光透镜列的光轴和照明光轴重合，所述的检影光阑的平面与所述的照明光轴相垂直。
2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的检影镜，其特征在于：聚光透镜列包括多片透镜或单片透镜。
3. 根据权利要求 1 所述的检影镜，其特征在于：检影光阑为带状光阑或点状光阑。
4. 根据权利要求 1 所述的检影镜，其特征在于：检影光阑能够绕照明光轴旋转地设置。
5. 根据权利要求 1 所述的检影镜，其特征在于：投射镜能够相对检影光阑沿光轴移动地设置。
6. 根据权利要求 1 所述的检影镜，其特征在于：照明光源为白炽灯或氙灯或卤素灯或 LED 灯。
7. 根据权利要求 1 所述的检影镜，其特征在于：照明光源为白色光源或有色光源。
8. 根据权利要求 1 所述的检影镜，其特征在于：半透半反镜能够用带孔反光镜代替。
9. 根据权利要求 1 所述的检影镜，其特征在于：半透半反镜能够用镀空心反射膜的反光镜代替。
PCT/CN2013/073677 2012-09-03 2013-04-03 检影镜 WO2014032428A1 (zh)

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CN2012103202523A CN102824157A (zh) 2012-09-03 2012-09-03 检影镜

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CN104510440A (zh) * 2015-01-14 2015-04-15 黑龙江省医学科学院 简易视力测试仪
CN109142305B (zh) * 2015-02-16 2021-12-14 北京大学 活体动物双光子激发延时检测荧光成像分析方法及设备
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CN108542346B (zh) * 2018-02-02 2021-01-01 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 一种自动检影验光光学系统
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