WO2014015762A1 - 生物质锅炉炉渣燃烧装置 - Google Patents

生物质锅炉炉渣燃烧装置 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2014015762A1
WO2014015762A1 PCT/CN2013/079595 CN2013079595W WO2014015762A1 WO 2014015762 A1 WO2014015762 A1 WO 2014015762A1 CN 2013079595 W CN2013079595 W CN 2013079595W WO 2014015762 A1 WO2014015762 A1 WO 2014015762A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
slag
burning
bed
tank
combustion bed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/079595
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘振强
于谦
王玉玮
张晶
田华
Original Assignee
北京国电富通科技发展有限责任公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 北京国电富通科技发展有限责任公司 filed Critical 北京国电富通科技发展有限责任公司
Priority to IN1323DEN2015 priority Critical patent/IN2015DN01323A/en
Publication of WO2014015762A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014015762A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23HGRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H1/00Grates with solid bars
    • F23H1/02Grates with solid bars having provision for air supply or air preheating, e.g. air-supply or blast fittings which form a part of the grate structure or serve as supports
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J1/00Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
    • F23J1/02Apparatus for removing ash, clinker, or slag from ash-pits, e.g. by employing trucks or conveyors, by employing suction devices

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of biomass boilers, and particularly relates to a slag burning device for a biomass boiler.
  • Biomass energy is currently the most widely used renewable energy in the world. Its total consumption is second only to coal, oil and natural gas. It is also the only renewable and renewable carbon source. Biomass power generation is a mature technology for the development and utilization of modern biomass energy. It is a technology that generates electricity by directly burning or converting biomass energy into combustible gas and then generating heat. China's biomass energy resources are quite rich, and biomass energy belongs to low-carbon energy. It plays an important role in gradually changing China's fossil fuel-based energy structure.
  • Chinese patent CN102042585A discloses a slag and soot reburning and discharging device for a biomass direct-fired power generation boiler, which sends unburned slag to a slag crusher and then delivers it by pumping.
  • the large particle ash separated by the cyclone separator is sent to the feeder by the screw conveyor reverse rotation, mixed with the biomass fuel and sent to the furnace of the power generation boiler for combustion to realize the slag. Combustion, improving the combustion efficiency of biomass fuels.
  • the system has added a plurality of transmission pumps, cyclones, conveyors and the like to the original boiler, and the entire device has a complicated structure, and the production cost and the running cost are greatly improved.
  • the entire unit needs to be operated under a condition of micro-negative pressure, which places high demands on the sealing of the various devices and increases the difficulty of the process.
  • Cida Patent No. CN2901056Y discloses a chain boiler slag reburning device, which is provided with a sub-combustion chamber device behind the boiler, the device is covered by an upper arc-shaped upper cover, a combustion chamber in the middle, a lower portion of the combustion chamber is a hood, a hood and The lower air duct is connected, the air duct is connected with the ventilation switch, the other end of the ventilation switch is connected with the boiler air chamber; the lower right part of the combustion chamber is the slag outlet, the slag outlet is controlled by the slag blocking plate; the rear of the combustion chamber has an observation window .
  • the device can re-burn the coal in the slag, prolonging the residence time of the slag and making full use of heat.
  • the combustion chamber using the fixed structure causes the biomass fuel to remain in the sub-combustion chamber hood. On one side, the hood is eventually blocked, causing damage to the reburning device. Therefore, a combustion apparatus of this type is not suitable for use in a biomass boiler.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing slag reburning device combustion chamber retains the slag, which ultimately causes the combustion chamber to be damaged, and further provides a slag combustion of the biomass boiler capable of avoiding the retention of the slag in the combustion chamber. Device.
  • the present invention discloses a slag burning device for a biomass boiler, which includes a slag tank disposed at a lower end of the grate for receiving slag after burning the grate; and a slag discharging machine Provided below the slag tank for outputting burnt slag; a horizontally movable slag combustion bed is disposed between the slag tank and the slag discharge machine, and the slag combustion bed is a cavity structure , its connected combustion a plurality of air outlet holes are disposed on a top surface of the slag combustion bed; a scraping member is disposed on a side of the slag tank close to the slag combustion bed; the slag combustion bed is at a slag slag position and slag discharge Moving between the positions, the top of the slag combustion bed is engaged with the bottom end of the slag, and the upper surface of the slag combustion bed is adapted to pick up the s
  • the scraping member extends to the vertical side wall of the slag combustion bed.
  • the scraping member is a scraping plate fixedly connected to the slag tank.
  • a hood is disposed on a top surface of the slag combustion bed, the hood is disposed on the air outlet hole, and the hood and a top surface of the slag combustion bed enclose a plurality of air outlet cavities;
  • the side wall of the hood is provided with a hood outlet hole.
  • the air outlet holes are arranged in a row along the moving direction of the slag combustion bed, and a plurality of semicircular tubular hoods arranged in a row are disposed on the air outlet hole, and the wind hood outlet holes are disposed on the side wall of the hood .
  • the slag combustion bed is driven to move horizontally by a hydraulic actuator.
  • the cavity of the slag combustion bed communicates with the blower through an air introduction tube.
  • the bottom end of the slag combustion bed is provided with a support rail, and the support rail is in the form of a louver, and the louver is disposed along a moving direction of the slag combustion bed.
  • the slag combustion bed is provided at the front end of the moving direction with crushing teeth for crushing the slag remaining on the support rail, and the crushing teeth pass the slag on the support rail by impact with the side of the support box After breaking into small pieces, it falls from the gap of the barrier.
  • a swash plate is disposed in the slag tank, the swash plate partitions the slag tank into a slag tank communicating with a boiler combustion chamber, and a fine ash tank communicating with a boiler superheater side, the slag tank inner wall Cast heat resistant concrete.
  • the oscillating partition is a multi-stage partition, each of which is driven by a hydraulic actuator, and the hydraulic actuator is connected to the partition by a high temperature push rod.
  • the slagging machine is a dry slagging machine or a wet slag discharging machine.
  • the grate is a vibrating grate or a chain grate.
  • the high-temperature slag after combustion of the biomass boiler can be continuously burned on the slag combustion bed of the present invention, and the generated heat is returned to the furnace to avoid insufficient combustion of the fuel and high unburned carbon content in the slag.
  • the fuel consumption and operating cost of the power plant are reduced, the comprehensive utilization value of the biomass boiler slag is improved, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the boiler efficiency is improved.
  • the air outlet cap of the slag combustion bed of the present invention is formed by a bottom plate having a wind hole and a semicircular tubular top cover having a hole in the side wall, and the axial direction of the top cover and the slag combustion bed move. The direction is the same. On the one hand, the slag does not fall into the cavity of the combustion bed. On the other hand, during the reciprocating movement of the slag combustion bed, the top surface of the slag combustion bed does not hang the large slag.
  • a crushing tooth is arranged at the front end of the slag burning bed, and the crushing tooth can crush the large coke block before the discharge to the lower slag discharging machine, and the large coke block is broken into less than the gap of the louver in advance.
  • Small size slag for subsequent cooling of slag, avoiding existing boilers The danger of water hammer explosion caused by the large block of coke directly falling into the water.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of a slag combustion bed and a support box
  • Figure 5 is a side elevational view of another semi-spherical spherical hood
  • Figure 6 is a side elevational view of the mushroom head hood
  • Figure 6 is a side elevational view of another mushroom head hood.
  • 8-support box 9-camera, 10-support rail, 11-swing diaphragm, 12-slag tank, 13-fine ash tank, 41-broken teeth.
  • a slag burning device of a biomass boiler comprising: a slag tank 1 disposed at a lower end of the grate 2 for receiving slag after burning of the grate;
  • the oscillating partition 11 partitions the slag tank 1 into a slag tank 12 communicating with a boiler combustion chamber and a fine ash tank 13 communicating with a boiler superheater side, and the inner wall of the slag tank 1 is heat-resistant Concrete.
  • the outer wall of the slag tank is not overheated and does not deform.
  • the oscillating partition 11 is oscillated by a hydraulic cylinder to realize communication and isolation of the slag tank 12 and the fine ash tank 13.
  • the hydraulic cylinder and the oscillating partition 11 are connected by a high-temperature push rod 7, and the push rod 7 and the guide steel tube are sealed by a packing to prevent fine dust from escaping in the slag groove.
  • the oscillating partition 11 is opened to discharge the slag into the slag tank 12 side.
  • the oscillating partition 11 can also be designed as a plurality of sections, each section being driven by a hydraulic cylinder to be regularly opened, the opening angle and the opening gap can be adjusted, and each opening time is set according to actual needs. set.
  • a refractory concrete of a certain thickness is cast on the left side of the oscillating partition 11 to prevent the high temperature flame from directly burning to the partition.
  • the grate 2 is a vibrating grate.
  • the slag burning device further includes a slag discharge machine 3 disposed under the slag tank 1 for outputting the burned slag; the slag discharge machine 3 in the embodiment is a dry slag discharge machine .
  • a horizontally movable slag combustion bed 4 is disposed between the slag tank 1 and the slag discharge machine 3, and the slag combustion bed 4 is driven to move horizontally by a hydraulic actuator. As shown in Fig. 2, the slag combustion bed 4 has a cavity structure, and a cavity of the slag combustion bed 4 communicates with a blower through an air introduction pipe 6.
  • a scraping member is disposed on a side of the slag tank 1 close to the slag burning bed 4; in the embodiment, the slag scraping member extends the slag tank 1 to the slag burning bed 4 Vertical side walls.
  • the scraping component will be The slag on the slag combustion bed 4 is discharged to the slag discharge machine 3 to prevent slag from remaining.
  • the upper surface of the slag combustion bed 4 is provided with a plurality of air outlet holes 51.
  • the air outlet holes 51 are arranged in a row along the moving direction of the slag combustion bed 4.
  • a hood 52 is disposed on a top surface of the slag combustion bed 4, and the hood 52 is disposed on the air outlet hole 51, and the hood 52 is surrounded by a top surface of the slag combustion bed 4.
  • An air outlet cavity; a side wall of the hood 52 is provided with a hood air outlet hole 53.
  • FIG. 4, FIG. 5, FIG. 6, and FIG. 7 are different structural forms of the hood 52, respectively, and the hood 52 is disposed on the air outlet hole 51, and the wind cap 52 is provided.
  • a plurality of air outlet cavities are defined on a top surface of the slag combustion bed 4; a hood air outlet hole 53 is defined in a side surface of the hood 52. The position of the air outlet hole 53 ensures that the slag does not block the hood air outlet hole 53 and the air outlet hole 51.
  • the hood 52 shown in FIG. 4 is semi-spherical, and is respectively disposed outside each of the air outlet holes 51.
  • the hood air outlet holes 53 are formed on two sides of the hood 52;
  • the hood 52 is a semi-spherical shape, which is respectively disposed outside each of the air outlet holes 51.
  • the hood air outlet hole 53 is opened at one side of the 52.
  • the hood 52 shown in FIG. 6 is a mushroom head hood.
  • the hood air outlet 53 is disposed on the lower side of the mushroom head;
  • the hood 52 shown in FIG. 7 is a mushroom head hood, and the hood air outlet 53 is disposed on both sides of the mushroom head.
  • the slag combustion bed 4 moves between a slag burning position and a slag discharging position, and the slag burning bed 4 moves to the bottom end of the slag tank 1 when the slag burning bed 4 moves to the bottom end of the slag tank 1
  • the top of the slag combustion bed 4 is joined to the bottom end of the slag tank 1, the upper surface of the slag combustion bed 4 is connected to the slag, and the slag continues to burn under the action of the combustion gas;
  • Slag combustion bed 4 at the slag discharge position the slag combustion bed 4 is moved to be separated from the slag tank 1, the slag tank 1 is in communication with the slag discharge machine 3, and the burnt slag falls into the slag discharge machine 3 on.
  • the bottom end of the slag combustion bed 4 is provided with a support rail 10, and the support rail 10 is in the form of a grid, and the grid is disposed along the moving direction of the slag burning bed 4.
  • the support rails 10 are disposed on a support box 8, and a surveillance camera 9 is disposed on the side of the support box 8.
  • the slag combustion bed 4 is provided with a crushing tooth 41 for crushing the slag remaining on the support rail 5 at the front end in the moving direction, and is monitored by the monitoring camera 9 to have a large slag block by the grid-type support rail After the interception, the slag combustion bed 4 is controlled to move horizontally, and the crushing teeth 41 crush the slag on the support rail 5 into small pieces by impact with the side of the support box, and then fall from the barrier interval.
  • the slag combustion bed 4, the crushing teeth 41, and the grid-type support rails 10 are all made of high temperature resistant, impact resistant and wear resistant materials, with small thermal deformation and reliable operation.
  • the slag combustion bed 4 can be designed in one or several groups, and the slag combustion bed 4 movement opening time is designed according to the vibration frequency of the boiler grate 2. For example, the grate 2 vibrates once every 600 seconds, and each time the vibration duration is 10 seconds, the slag combustion bed 4 is moved to the bottom of the slag tank 1 about 30 seconds before the vibration of the grate 2 is set.
  • the slag is subsequently burned on each combustion bed for about 0.5 hours, causing most of the unburned fuel and carbon to burn out.
  • the hydraulic cylinder drives the slag combustion bed 2 to be removed, and the slag in the slag tank 1 is discharged to the slagging device 3.
  • the slag combustion bed 2 is opened for slag to be closed for about 30 seconds. If there are several groups of slag combustion beds 4, the slag combustion beds 4 are sequentially opened and closed, and each group of slag combustion beds 4 is opened and closed twice per hour.
  • the opening time of the slag combustion bed 4 is staggered from the vibration time of the grate 2, and the fly ash generated by the positive pressure of the grate is prevented from escaping from the joint of the lower slag discharge machine 3.
  • the scraping member is a scraping plate fixedly connected to the slag tank 1, and the slag burning bed 4 can also be horizontally moved by pneumatic or electric actuator driving.
  • the grate 2 is a chain grate
  • the slag discharge machine 3 is a wet slag discharge machine.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

一种生物质锅炉炉渣燃烧装置,其包括:设置于炉排(2)下端的渣槽(1)、以及设置于渣槽(1)下方的排渣机(3);在渣槽(1)与排渣机(3)之间设置可水平移动的炉渣燃烧床(4),炉渣燃烧床(4)为空腔结构,其连通助燃气,炉渣燃烧床(4)的顶面上设置数个出风孔(51);在渣槽(1)的接近炉渣燃烧床(4)的移出侧设置刮渣部件;炉渣燃烧床(4)在燃渣位置与排渣位置之间移动,炉渣燃烧床(4)在燃渣位置时,炉渣燃烧床(4)顶端与渣槽(1)底端接合,炉渣燃烧床(4)的顶面接取炉排(2)燃烧后的炉渣;炉渣燃烧床(4)在排渣位置时,炉渣燃烧床(4)与渣槽(1)分离,渣槽(1)与排渣机(3)连通,燃尽的炉渣落入排渣机(3)上。该炉渣燃烧装置解决了现有生物质锅炉燃料燃烧不充分以及炉渣存留的技术问题。

Description

生物质锅炉炉渣燃烧装置 技术领域
[0001] 本发明属于生物质锅炉技术领域, 特别涉及一种生物质锅炉的炉渣燃烧装置。
背景技术
[0002] 生物质能源是目前世界上应用最广泛的可再生能源, 消费总量仅次于煤炭、 石油、 天然气, 位居 第四位, 它也是唯一可循环、 可再生的炭源。 生物质能发电是现代生物质能开发利用的成熟技术, 是通 过将生物质能直接燃烧或转化为可燃气体后燃烧, 产生热量进行发电的技术。 我国生物质能资源相当丰 富, 生物质能属于低碳能源, 对于逐步改变我国以化石燃料为主的能源结构具有重要作用。 目前全世界 生物质电厂锅炉无论是层燃技术的炉排炉还是循环流化床锅炉, 都存在着燃料燃烧不充分, 炉渣中未燃 尽的碳含量高 (通常炉渣中的含碳率在 30%左右, 高的可以达到 40%以上), 造成电厂运行成本高、 能源 浪费严重等问题, 这些未燃尽的碳随高温炉渣落到锅炉底部的水式刮板捞渣机或螺旋除渣机中, 锅炉底 部出渣口处的辐射热, 高温炉渣本身含有的热量及未燃尽的碳完全损失在水中, 或通过除渣机白白地排 放到地面等环境中, 造成可用资源的浪费, 并对环境造成严重的污染。
[0003] 为解决上述技术问题, 中国专利 CN102042585A 公开了一种生物质直燃发电锅炉炉渣和烟灰再燃 烧及排放装置, 该装置将未燃尽的炉渣送入碎渣机破碎后通过输送泵送至旋风分离器, 通过旋风分离器 后分离的大颗粒灰渣通过螺旋输送机反转将灰渣送至料机内, 与生物质燃料混合后再次送入发电锅炉炉 膛中燃烧, 以实现炉渣再燃烧, 提高生物质燃料的燃烧效率。 但是, 该系统在原有锅炉上增加了多个输 送泵、 旋风分离器以及输送机等装置, 整个装置结构复杂, 生产成本以及运行成本都大大提高。 另外, 整个装置需要在一个微负压的条件下运行, 这样对增加的各种装置的密封性提出了较高的要求, 增加了 工艺难度。
[0004] 中国专利 CN2901056Y 公开了一种链条锅炉炉渣再燃装置, 其是在锅炉后面设置副燃烧室装置, 该装置由上面弧型上盖, 中部的燃烧室, 燃烧室左下部是风帽, 风帽与下面的风管连接, 风管与通风开 关相连, 通风开关的另一头与锅炉风室连接;燃烧室的右下部是出渣口, 出渣口由挡渣板控制;燃烧室的后 面有观察窗。 该装置可以使炉渣中的煤炭再次燃烧, 延长了炉渣停留的时间, 使热量充分利用。 但是, 由于生物质燃料杂质较多, 其存在不能燃烧的例如沙石、 玻璃等物质, 并且这部分重量较大, 应用这种 固定结构的燃烧室会导致生物质燃料存留于该副燃烧室风帽的一侧, 最终堵塞风帽, 导致该再燃装置损 坏。 因此, 这种结构形式的燃烧装置不能适用于生物质锅炉中。
发明内容
[0005] 为此, 本发明所要解决的技术问题在于现有的炉渣再燃装置燃烧室存留炉渣, 最终导致燃烧室损 坏的问题, 进而提供一种能够避免燃烧室存留炉渣的生物质锅炉的炉渣燃烧装置。
[0006】 为解决上述技术问题, 本发明公开一种生物质锅炉的炉渣燃烧装置, 其包括, 渣槽, 其设置于炉 排下端, 用于接取炉排燃烧后的炉渣; 以及排渣机, 其设置于所述渣槽下方, 用于将燃尽的炉渣输出; 在所述渣槽与所述排渣机之间设置可水平移动的炉渣燃烧床, 所述炉渣燃烧床为空腔结构, 其连通助燃 气, 所述炉渣燃烧床的顶面上设置数个出风孔; 在所述渣槽的接近所述炉渣燃烧床的移出侧设置刮渣部 件; 所述炉渣燃烧床在燃渣位置与排渣位置之间移动, 所述炉渣燃烧床在燃渣位置时, 所述炉渣燃烧床 顶端与所述渣槽底端接合, 所述炉渣燃烧床的上表面适于接取炉排燃烧后的炉渣; 所述炉渣燃烧床在排 渣位置, 所述炉渣燃烧床与所述渣槽分离, 所述渣槽与所述排渣机连通, 燃尽的炉渣落入所述排渣机 上。
[0007] 所述刮渣部件为所述渣槽延伸至所述炉渣燃烧床上的竖直侧壁。
[0008] 所述刮渣部件为固定连接于所述渣槽上的刮渣板。
[0009】 所述炉渣燃烧床的顶面设置风帽, 所述风帽置于所述出风孔上, 所述风帽与所述炉渣燃烧床的顶 面围成多个出风空腔;
所述风帽的侧壁设置风帽出风孔。
[0010] 所述出风孔沿所述炉渣燃烧床的移动方向成行排列, 多个成行排列的半圆管状风帽设置于所述出 风孔上, 所述风帽出风孔设置于风帽的侧壁上。
[0011] 所述炉渣燃烧床通过液压执行机构驱动实现水平移动。
[0012] 所述炉渣燃烧床的空腔通过空气导入管连通送风机。
[0013] 所述炉渣燃烧床底端设置支撑导轨, 所述支撑导轨为隔栅形式, 所述隔栅沿所述炉渣燃烧床的移 动方向设置。
[0014] 所述支撑导轨设置于一个支撑箱上, 所述支撑箱侧面设置一个监视摄像装置。
[0015] 所述炉渣燃烧床在移动方向的前端设置有用于破碎存留在所述支撑导轨上炉渣的破碎齿, 所述破 碎齿通过与所述支撑箱侧面的撞击将所述支撑导轨上的炉渣破碎成小块后从隔栅间隔处落下。
[0016] 所述渣槽内设置摆动隔板, 所述摆动隔板将所述渣槽分隔成与锅炉燃烧室相通的炉渣槽以及与锅 炉过热器侧连通的细灰槽, 所述渣槽内壁浇注耐热混凝土。
[0017] 所述摆动隔板为多段式隔板, 每一段隔板通过液压执行机构驱动, 所述液压执行机构通过耐高温 推杆与所述隔板连接。
[0018] 所述排渣机为干式排渣机或者湿式排渣机。
[0019] 所述炉排为振动炉排或链条炉排。
[0020] 本发明的上述技术方案相比现有技术具有以下优点:
( 1 ) 生物质锅炉排燃烧后的高温炉渣可以在本发明的炉渣燃烧床上继续燃烧, 产生的热量回送入炉膛, 避免了燃料燃烧不充分, 渣中未燃尽的碳含量高等问题, 相比现有技术的生物质炉渣和烟灰再燃烧装 置, 降低了电厂的燃料消耗和运行成本, 提高了生物质锅炉炉渣的综合利用价值, 减少了对环境的污 染, 有利于锅炉效率的提高。
[0021] ( 2 ) 进一步的, 本发明炉渣燃烧床的出风帽由开设出风孔的底板以及数个在侧壁开孔的半圆管形 顶盖形成, 顶盖的轴线方向与炉渣燃烧床移动方向一致。 一方面, 炉渣不会掉落至燃烧床空腔内, 另一 方面, 在炉渣燃烧床往复移动的过程中, 炉渣燃烧床顶面不会挂住大渣。
[0022] ( 3 ) 更进一步的, 在炉渣燃烧床前端设置破碎齿, 破碎齿可以将锅炉产生的大焦块在排至下部排 渣机之前, 预先将大焦块破碎成小于隔栅间隙的小尺寸炉渣, 便于炉渣的后续冷却, 避免了于现有锅炉 中大块焦块直接落入水中产生的水击爆炸危险。
附图说明
[0023] 为了使本发明的内容更容易被清楚的理解, 下面根据本发明的具体实施例并结合附图, 对本发明 作进一步详细的说明, 其中
图 1 是生物质锅炉的炉渣燃烧装置的结构示意图;
图 2 是炉渣燃烧床与支撑箱的立体图;
图 3是炉渣燃烧床的细节图;
图 4是半圆球形风帽的侧面视图;
图 5是另一种半圆球形风帽的侧面视图;
图 6是蘑菇头形风帽的侧面视图;
图 6是另一种蘑菇头形风帽的侧面视图。
[0024] 图中附图标记表示为:
1-渣槽, 2-炉排, 3-排渣机, 4-炉渣燃烧床, 51-出风孔, 52-风帽, 53-风帽出风孔, 6-空气导入管, 7-推 杆,
8-支撑箱, 9-摄像装置, 10-支撑导轨, 11-摆动隔板, 12-炉渣槽, 13-细灰槽, 41-破碎齿。
具体实施方式
[0025] 以下将结合附图, 使用以下实施例对本发明进行进一步阐述。
[0026] 图 1 为本发明的生物质锅炉的炉渣燃烧装置, 其包括, 渣槽 1, 其设置于炉排 2下端, 用于接取 炉排燃烧后的炉渣; 所述渣槽 1内设置摆动隔板 11, 所述摆动隔板 11将所述渣槽 1分隔成与锅炉燃烧室 相通的炉渣槽 12以及与锅炉过热器侧连通的细灰槽 13, 所述渣槽 1内壁浇注耐热混凝土。 以保证炉渣在 渣槽内燃烧过程中, 渣槽外壁不超温、 不变形。 本实施例中, 所述摆动隔板 11 在一个液压缸的驱动下摆 动以实现炉渣槽 12以及细灰槽 13的连通与隔离。 液压缸与摆动隔板 11之间通过耐高温推杆 7连接, 所 述推杆 7与导向钢管间用盘根密封, 防止渣槽中的细灰逸出。 当细灰槽 13 内的炉渣量积累到一定程度, 开启该摆动隔板 11, 使炉渣排入所述炉渣槽 12侧。
[0027] 根据锅炉底部尺寸的大小, 所述摆动隔板 11还可以设计为若干段, 每段由一支液压缸驱动定时开 启, 开启角度、 开启缝隙可以调整, 每次开启时间按实际需要设定。 优选的, 所述摆动隔板 11 左侧一面 浇注一定厚度的耐火混凝土, 防止高温火焰直接烧到隔板。
[0028] 本实施例中, 所述炉排 2为振动炉排。
[0029] 该炉渣燃烧装置还包括排渣机 3, 其设置于所述渣槽 1 下方, 用于将燃尽的炉渣输出; 本实施例 中的所述排渣机 3为干式排渣机。
[0030] 在所述渣槽 1与所述排渣机 3之间设置可水平移动的炉渣燃烧床 4, 所述炉渣燃烧床 4通过液压 执行机构驱动实现水平移动。 如图 2所示, 所述炉渣燃烧床 4为空腔结构, 所述炉渣燃烧床 4的空腔通 过空气导入管 6连通送风机。
[0031] 在所述渣槽 1 的接近所述炉渣燃烧床 4 的移出侧设置刮渣部件; 本实施方式中, 所述刮渣部件为 所述渣槽 1延伸至所述炉渣燃烧床 4上的竖直侧壁。 所述炉渣燃烧床 4水平移动时, 所述刮渣部件将在 炉渣燃烧床 4上的炉渣排至所述排渣机 3上, 防止炉渣存留。
[0032] 所述炉渣燃烧床 4的上表面设置数个出风孔 51 ; 本实施例中, 所述出风孔 51沿所述炉渣燃烧床 4 的移动方向成行排列。 如图 3所示, 所述炉渣燃烧床 4的顶面设置风帽 52, 所述风帽 52置于所述出风孔 51上, 所述风帽 52与所述炉渣燃烧床 4的顶面围成多个出风空腔; 所述风帽 52的侧壁设置风帽出风孔 53。
[0033] 作为其他可以实施的方式, 图 4, 图 5, 图 6, 图 7分别为所述风帽 52的不同的结构形式, 所述 风帽 52均置于所述出风孔 51上, 风帽 52与所述炉渣燃烧床 4的顶面围成多个出风空腔; 所述风帽 52 的侧面上开设风帽出风孔 53。 所述出风孔 53的位置能够保证炉渣不会堵塞风帽出风孔 53和出风孔 51。 其中图 4所示的所述风帽 52是半圆球形, 其分别罩在每个出风孔 51外面, 所述风帽出风孔 53开设于所 述风帽 52的两个侧面; 图 5所示的所述风帽 52是半圆球形, 其分别罩在每个出风孔 51外面, 所述风帽 出风孔 53开设于所述 52的一侧; 图 6所示的所述风帽 52为蘑菇头式风帽, 所述风帽出风孔 53设置于 蘑菇头下侧; 图 7所示的所述风帽 52为蘑菇头式风帽, 所述风帽出风孔 53设置于蘑菇头的两侧。
[0034] 所述炉渣燃烧床 4在燃渣位置与排渣位置之间移动, 所述炉渣燃烧床 4在燃渣位置时, 即所述炉 渣燃烧床 4移动至所述渣槽 1底端时, 所述炉渣燃烧床 4顶端与所述渣槽 1底端接合, 所述炉渣燃烧床 4 的上表面接取炉渣, 所述炉渣在助燃气的作用下继续燃烧; 炉渣燃尽后, 所述炉渣燃烧床 4 在排渣位 置, 所述炉渣燃烧床 4移动至与所述渣槽 1分离, 所述渣槽 1与所述排渣机 3连通, 燃尽的炉渣落入所 述排渣机 3上。
[0035] 所述炉渣燃烧床 4底端设置支撑导轨 10, 所述支撑导轨 10为隔栅形式, 所述隔栅沿所述炉渣燃 烧床 4的移动方向设置。 所述支撑导轨 10设置于一个支撑箱 8上, 所述支撑箱 8侧面设置一个监视摄像 装置 9。
[0036] 所述炉渣燃烧床 4在移动方向的前端设置有用于破碎存留在所述支撑导轨 5上炉渣的破碎齿 41, 当通过监视摄像装置 9监视到有大渣块被隔栅式支撑导轨 10拦截后, 控制所述炉渣燃烧床 4水平移动, 破碎齿 41通过与所述支撑箱侧面的撞击将所述支撑导轨 5上的炉渣破碎成小块后从隔栅间隔处落下。 所 述炉渣燃烧床 4、 破碎齿 41、 隔栅式支撑导轨 10均采用耐高温、 耐冲击及耐磨材料制成,热变形小, 运行 可靠。
[0037] 本发明的炉渣燃烧装置的工作过程为:
从送风机过来的热风, 通过耐高温空气导入管 6经燃烧床推杆进入炉渣燃烧床 4 的空腔内, 经燃烧床表 面的出风孔喷出, 对落在燃烧床上的高含碳量炉渣助燃。 根据锅炉底部的大小, 炉渣燃烧床 4 可以设计 成一组或若干组, 根据锅炉炉排 2的振动频率设计炉渣燃烧床 4移动开启时间。 比如: 炉排 2每 600秒 振动一次, 每次振动持续时间为 10秒, 则设定在炉排 2振动前 30秒左右将炉渣燃烧床 4移动至所述渣 槽 1底部。 炉渣在每个燃烧床上后续燃烧的时间约 0.5小时, 使大部分未燃尽的燃料及碳燃尽。 炉渣燃尽 后, 液压缸驱动所述炉渣燃烧床 2移出, 渣槽 1 内的炉渣排至所述排渣装置 3上。 所述炉渣燃烧床 2开 启放渣再关闭的时间约 30秒,若有几组炉渣燃烧床 4, 则这几组炉渣燃烧床 4依次启闭,每组炉渣燃烧床 4 每小时启闭 2次,炉渣燃烧床 4开启时间与炉排 2振动时间错开, 避免炉膛正压产生的飞灰从下部排渣机 3壳体接缝处中逸出。 [0038] 在其他实施方式中, 所述刮渣部件为固定连接于所述渣槽 1 上的刮渣板, 所述炉渣燃烧床 4还可 以通过气压或电动执行机构驱动实现水平移动, 所述炉排 2为链条炉排, 所述排渣机 3为湿式排渣机。
[0039] 显然, 上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例, 而并非对实施方式的限定。 对于所属领域的 普通技术人员来说, 在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。 这里无需也无法对所 有的实施方式予以穷举。 而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种生物质锅炉的炉渣燃烧装置, 其包括,
渣槽 (1), 其设置于炉排 (2) 下端, 用于接取炉排燃烧后的炉渣;
以及排渣机 (3), 其设置于所述渣槽 (1) 下方, 用于将燃尽的炉渣输出; 其特征在于: 在所述渣槽 (1) 与所述排渣机 (3) 之间设置可水平移动的炉渣燃烧床 (4), 所述炉渣燃烧 床 (4) 为空腔结构, 其连通助燃气, 所述炉渣燃烧床 (4) 的顶面上设置数个出风孔 (51);
在所述渣槽 (1) 的接近所述炉渣燃烧床 (4) 的移出侧设置刮渣部件;
所述炉渣燃烧床 (4) 在燃渣位置与排渣位置之间移动, 所述炉渣燃烧床 (4) 在燃渣位置 时, 所述炉渣燃烧床 (4) 顶端与所述渣槽 (1) 底端接合, 所述炉渣燃烧床 (4) 的上表面 适于接取炉排燃烧后的炉渣;
所述炉渣燃烧床 (4) 在排渣位置, 所述炉渣燃烧床 (4) 与所述渣槽 (1) 分离, 所述渣槽 (1) 与所述排渣机 (3) 连通, 燃尽的炉渣落入所述排渣机 (3) 上。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的生物质锅炉的炉渣燃烧装置, 其特征在于:
所述刮渣部件为所述渣槽 (1) 延伸至所述炉渣燃烧床 (4) 上的竖直侧壁。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的生物质锅炉的炉渣燃烧装置, 其特征在于:
所述刮渣部件为固定连接于所述渣槽 (1) 上的刮渣板。
4. 根据权利要求 1-3任一所述的生物质锅炉的炉渣燃烧装置, 其特征在于:
所述炉渣燃烧床 (4) 的顶面设置风帽 (52), 所述风帽 (52) 置于所述出风孔 (51) 上, 所 述风帽 (52) 与所述炉渣燃烧床 (4) 的顶面围成多个出风空腔;
所述风帽 (52) 的侧面上开设风帽出风孔 (53)。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的生物质锅炉的炉渣燃烧装置, 其特征在于:
所述出风孔 (51) 沿所述炉渣燃烧床 (4) 的移动方向成行排列, 多个成行排列的半圆管状 风帽 (52) 设置于所述出风孔 (51) 上, 所述风帽出风孔 (53) 设置于风帽 (52) 的侧壁 上。
6. 根据权利要求 1-5 任一所述的生物质锅炉的炉渣燃烧装置, 其特征在于: 所述炉渣燃烧 床 (4) 通过液压、 气压或电动执行机构驱动实现水平移动。
7. 根据权利要求 1-6任一所述的生物质锅炉的炉渣燃烧装置, 其特征在于:
所述炉渣燃烧床 (4) 的空腔通过空气导入管 (6) 连通送风机。
8. 根据权利要求 1-7任一所述的生物质锅炉的炉渣燃烧装置, 其特征在于:
所述炉渣燃烧床 (4) 底端设置支撑导轨 (10), 所述支撑导轨 (10) 为隔栅形式, 所述隔栅 权 利 要 求 书
沿所述炉渣燃烧床 (4) 的移动方向设置。
9. 根据权利要求 8所述的生物质锅炉的炉渣燃烧装置, 其特征在于:
所述支撑导轨 (5) 设置于一个支撑箱 (8) 上, 所述支撑箱 (8) 侧面设置一个监视摄像装 置 (9)。
10. 根据权利要求 1-9任一所述的生物质锅炉的炉渣燃烧装置, 其特征在于:
所述炉渣燃烧床 (4) 在移动方向的前端设置有用于破碎存留在所述支撑导轨 (5) 上炉渣的 破碎齿 (41), 所述破碎齿 (41) 通过与所述支撑箱侧面的挤压将所述支撑导轨 (5) 上的炉 渣破碎成小块后从隔栅间隔处落下。
11. 根据权利要求 1-10任一所述的生物质锅炉的炉渣燃烧装置, 其特征在于:
所述渣槽 (1) 内设置摆动隔板 (11), 所述摆动隔板 (11) 将所述渣槽 (1) 分隔成与锅炉 燃烧室相通的炉渣槽 (12) 以及与锅炉过热器侧连通的细灰槽 (13), 所述渣槽 (1) 内壁浇 注耐热混凝土。
12. 根据权利要求 11所述的生物质锅炉的炉渣燃烧装置, 其特征在于:
所述摆动隔板 (11) 为多段式隔板, 每一段隔板通过液压执行机构驱动, 所述液压执行机构 通过耐高温推杆 (7) 与所述隔板 (11) 连接。
13. 根据权利要求 1-12任一所述的生物质锅炉的炉渣燃烧装置, 其特征在于:
所述排渣机 (3) 为干式排渣机或者湿式排渣机。
14. 根据权利要求 1-12任一所述的生物质锅炉的炉渣燃烧装置, 其特征在于:
所述炉排 (2) 为振动炉排或链条炉排。
PCT/CN2013/079595 2012-07-25 2013-07-18 生物质锅炉炉渣燃烧装置 WO2014015762A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IN1323DEN2015 IN2015DN01323A (zh) 2012-07-25 2013-07-18

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201210260895.3 2012-07-25
CN201210260895 2012-07-25
CN201210293861.4A CN102829466B (zh) 2012-07-25 2012-08-17 生物质锅炉炉渣燃烧装置
CN201210293861.4 2012-08-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014015762A1 true WO2014015762A1 (zh) 2014-01-30

Family

ID=47302550

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2013/079594 WO2014015761A1 (zh) 2012-07-25 2013-07-18 一种生物质锅炉炉渣处理系统及其方法
PCT/CN2013/079595 WO2014015762A1 (zh) 2012-07-25 2013-07-18 生物质锅炉炉渣燃烧装置

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2013/079594 WO2014015761A1 (zh) 2012-07-25 2013-07-18 一种生物质锅炉炉渣处理系统及其方法

Country Status (3)

Country Link
CN (2) CN102818254B (zh)
IN (2) IN2015DN01324A (zh)
WO (2) WO2014015761A1 (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108571744A (zh) * 2018-06-15 2018-09-25 江苏国信泗阳生物质发电有限公司 能防止扬尘的锅炉用间歇式出渣控制系统及控制方法
CN110375318A (zh) * 2019-08-03 2019-10-25 新乡市汇能玉源发电有限公司 一种锅炉排渣系统

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102818254B (zh) * 2012-07-25 2015-04-01 北京国电富通科技发展有限责任公司 一种生物质锅炉炉渣处理系统
JP6586359B2 (ja) * 2015-12-07 2019-10-02 川崎重工業株式会社 灰排出システム
CN105546559A (zh) * 2015-12-09 2016-05-04 无锡西源电力装备厂 一种锅炉出渣设备
CN107327858B (zh) * 2017-05-16 2020-03-20 北京国电富通科技发展有限责任公司 燃煤锅炉炉底排渣装置、排渣方法及排渣系统
CN109798513B (zh) * 2019-01-14 2020-04-03 江山华隆能源开发有限公司 一种生物质锅炉用炉渣二次燃烧结构
CN111960803B (zh) * 2020-08-27 2022-04-08 国电科学技术研究院有限公司 一种粉煤燃烧发电过程中直接制备陶粒的生产工艺
CN112326288B (zh) * 2020-10-30 2022-08-12 瀚蓝绿电固废处理(佛山)有限公司 一种平炉托轮磨合装置
CN113042209B (zh) * 2021-03-12 2022-09-06 四川四创生物环保科技有限公司 生物质燃烧炉渣中炭的分级工艺
CN113623669B (zh) * 2021-08-06 2023-10-13 华能(福建漳州)能源有限责任公司 一种锅炉渣仓系统排渣装置
CN117553301B (zh) * 2024-01-11 2024-03-22 山东科麦尔热能工程有限公司 一种旋转式废气焚烧综合处理装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2072645U (zh) * 1990-02-09 1991-03-06 黄世铎 隧道式型煤燃烧器
EP0427230A2 (en) * 1989-11-10 1991-05-15 Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Hearth arrangement for melting furnace
CN1050178C (zh) * 1991-05-08 2000-03-08 马里奥·盖尔得 蒸汽锅炉出灰机
JP2001021129A (ja) * 1999-07-06 2001-01-26 Plantec Inc 直結型焼却灰溶融設備及びその運転制御方法
CN102829466A (zh) * 2012-07-25 2012-12-19 北京国电富通科技发展有限责任公司 生物质锅炉炉渣燃烧装置

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1252356A (fr) * 1983-11-09 1989-04-11 Michel F.E. Couarc'h Procede et dispositif de reinjection de particules envolees dans une chaudiere a combustible solide
CN1032583A (zh) * 1987-10-16 1989-04-26 黄世汉 锅炉炉渣二次燃烧节能方法及装置
SU1651025A1 (ru) * 1988-08-01 1991-05-23 Томский политехнический институт им.С.М.Кирова Способ сжигани твердого топлива
US6058855A (en) * 1998-07-20 2000-05-09 D. B. Riley, Inc. Low emission U-fired boiler combustion system
JP3329789B2 (ja) * 2000-05-02 2002-09-30 株式会社イマナカ 廃棄物熔融プラント
CN2460873Y (zh) * 2001-01-10 2001-11-21 国家电力公司电力建设研究所 电站燃煤锅炉干式排渣装置
US7247285B2 (en) * 2002-12-02 2007-07-24 Bert Zauderer Reduction of sulfur, nitrogen oxides and volatile trace metals from combustion in furnaces and boilers
CN2641494Y (zh) * 2003-07-29 2004-09-15 吴献忠 便携式组合多功能炉具
CN100443801C (zh) * 2006-01-24 2008-12-17 北京国电富通科技发展有限责任公司 燃煤锅炉干式排渣装置
CN201513906U (zh) * 2009-08-31 2010-06-23 北京国电富通科技发展有限责任公司 一种燃煤锅炉炉底排渣装置
DE102010033307A1 (de) * 2010-08-04 2012-02-09 Clyde Bergemann Drycon Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Nachverbrennen von heißem Material auf einem Förderer
CN102588950B (zh) * 2012-03-02 2014-05-14 浙江大学 一种带碎渣功能的新型高效气化燃烧复合炉排装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0427230A2 (en) * 1989-11-10 1991-05-15 Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Hearth arrangement for melting furnace
CN2072645U (zh) * 1990-02-09 1991-03-06 黄世铎 隧道式型煤燃烧器
CN1050178C (zh) * 1991-05-08 2000-03-08 马里奥·盖尔得 蒸汽锅炉出灰机
JP2001021129A (ja) * 1999-07-06 2001-01-26 Plantec Inc 直結型焼却灰溶融設備及びその運転制御方法
CN102829466A (zh) * 2012-07-25 2012-12-19 北京国电富通科技发展有限责任公司 生物质锅炉炉渣燃烧装置

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108571744A (zh) * 2018-06-15 2018-09-25 江苏国信泗阳生物质发电有限公司 能防止扬尘的锅炉用间歇式出渣控制系统及控制方法
CN110375318A (zh) * 2019-08-03 2019-10-25 新乡市汇能玉源发电有限公司 一种锅炉排渣系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102829466A (zh) 2012-12-19
CN102818254B (zh) 2015-04-01
CN102829466B (zh) 2015-04-01
IN2015DN01323A (zh) 2015-07-03
CN102818254A (zh) 2012-12-12
WO2014015761A1 (zh) 2014-01-30
IN2015DN01324A (zh) 2015-07-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2014015762A1 (zh) 生物质锅炉炉渣燃烧装置
CN107420908A (zh) 一种自动清灰垃圾焚化装置
CN102261661B (zh) 生活垃圾焚烧热解气化炉
RU100184U1 (ru) Вихревая топка
CN103940081A (zh) 一种生物质热风炉
CN205746864U (zh) 垃圾高温气化喷燃发电锅炉
CN102242935A (zh) 一种新型垃圾与生物质燃料焚烧炉及焚烧方法
CN105972603A (zh) 垃圾高温气化喷燃隧道系统
CN109990299B (zh) 一种生活垃圾焚烧炉
CN105003919B (zh) 一种反烧富氧负压垃圾焚烧炉
CN109695883A (zh) 垃圾发电装置
CN203940610U (zh) 生物质热风炉
CN106152146A (zh) 多功能垃圾高温气化喷燃发电锅炉
CN201074840Y (zh) 卧式水火管双炉排反烧锅炉
CN205746872U (zh) 多功能垃圾高温气化喷燃发电锅炉
CN108844055B (zh) 锅炉
CN106016275A (zh) 垃圾高温气化喷燃发电锅炉
CN205746865U (zh) 垃圾高温气化喷燃隧道系统
CN2328887Y (zh) 侧风厚煤层无烟燃烧设备
CN106287661B (zh) 一种垂直升降的层燃燃烧装置
CN2599404Y (zh) 多级无磨损炉排垃圾焚烧装置
CN206269146U (zh) 辐射管垃圾焚烧炉
CN219346500U (zh) 差速破焦炉排秸秆燃烧机
CN202371740U (zh) 一种分层给煤装置
CN220489163U (zh) 中小型垃圾焚烧炉排炉

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 13822561

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: IDP00201500999

Country of ref document: ID

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 13822561

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1