Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
  • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
  • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
  • E02B3/10—Dams; Dykes; Sluice ways or other structures for dykes, dams, or the like
  • E02B3/102—Permanently installed raisable dykes
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
  • Y02A10/30—Flood prevention; Flood or storm water management, e.g. using flood barriers

Definitions

• the invention relates a device for protection from floods and high water, designed as a walkable or moving walkway with an integrated flood barrier wall mounted on a tilted angle to the base wall and lockable in an upright position using struts.
• the first such design is the flood wall described in utility model CZ 12792 U dated 14.10.2002.
• the document describes a segment of the wall formed by a solid base wall and a folding wall, both of which are steel frames filled with a metal grate and insulating membrane.
• the folding wall is erected, leans against metal footings, and a waterproofing membrane expands through the folding wall and base wall.
• the connecting area of the membrane that extends over the adjacent segments may be held down with e.g. sand bags.
• the disadvantage of this design is that it does not resolve the fixation of the base wall to a substrate, for example to a roadway or walkway, and the device is thus more useable as a mobile flood barrier with all of its consequent disadvantages. Another use of the device, such as a permanent walkway, is not possible because the folding wall has no walkable layer.
• the flood barrier is made up of a two-piece waterfront thoroughfare for pedestrians and cyclists. Both parts of the barrier lie side by side on the ground and are formed by metal frames fitted with sectioned battens. One piece constituting the fixed base wall may be fitted with a railing on the upstream side.
• the second part, pivotally coupled with the first part, consists of a folding wall which rises during a flood risk and is secured by struts anchored to a concrete base wall.
• This device in comparison to the previously described design, may be used very well as a permanent thoroughfare for pedestrians and cyclists as well as a flood control wall in the event of a flood or high water.
• this design still has disadvantages in that it occupies a large width or area of land, which is a large problem mainly in cities where the embankment is already built.
• the design according to CZ 21583 U is thus feasible only on embankments, but not inside towns and cities since its width is greater than twice the normal width of a sidewalk.
• Another disadvantage is that rainwater drainage from the roadway is not resolved during normal operation, and anchoring the barrier to the substrate is not strong enough to withstand the intense pressure of water during a flood.
• the height of the folding wall, and thus the height of the flood barrier is limited by the width that the hinged folding wall takes up on the ground, and this height is not adjustable and may be insufficient.
• the low wall height is also limited by the fact that the folding wall is not on the upstream side but on the inside of the embankment thoroughfare.
• the main flood wall is comprised of a synthetic sleeve which, in its idle state, is stored in a lower base wall structure on the waterfront, and the opening of this base wall structure is covered by a wooden walkway made of two pieces placed on each other at a tilt.
• the sleeve fills with water and creates a basic flood barrier. If the wall needs to be raised even higher, the tilting wall of the walkway is erected in an upright position on the upper surface of the sleeve and secured by struts.
• This device is very complex and is controlled by electric and electronic components, which reduces its reliability and greatly increases the investment costs.
• the task of this invention is to create a device to protect buildings from floods and high water that would, like utility model CZ 21583, serve continuously as a thoroughfare for pedestrians and cyclists, and would also be useable as a flood control wall, while removing the aforementioned shortcomings of the known designs.
• the device for protecting buildings against flooding and high water is created as a walking or moving sidewalk with an integrated flood wall made up of at least one module, or modules arranged side by side, consisting of a base wall and folding wall mounted by a hinge to base wall.
• the base wall and folding wall form the cover for the walkway, and the device is further equipped with means for lifting the folding wall into a vertical position and for securing it in this position, while the folding wall and/or base wall are equipped with a waterproof layer.
• the subject-matter of the invention consists in the fact that the base wall and folding wall are stored in a concrete base wall gutter embedded in the ground around the building or part thereof, and the gutter having an approximate shape "U” or "Y” shape and having at least one drain opening for connection to a drainage system.
• the base wall is stored folded in the gutter with the possibility of its erection simultaneously with the folding wall, in the opposite hinge direction on the upstream side of the gutter manually or using a lifting device.
• the vertically established flood wall made up of a vertically arranged base wall and folding wall, is secured in an upright position by at least one strut anchored in the gutter and, if more modules are used, is provided with sealing means for sealing the joints between the folding walls and base walls of the adjacent modules.
• the base wall is attached to the gutter by a bottom hinge with anchoring section while the lifting equipment is a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder with a rod, anchored at one end in the gutter and at one end in the base wall, and in the upper area of the folding wall is a tension lift belt attached on one end while the other end is attached to the gutter.
• the lifting equipment is a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder with a rod, anchored at one end in the gutter and at one end in the base wall, and in the upper area of the folding wall is a tension lift belt attached on one end while the other end is attached to the gutter.
• the means for sealing the joints between the folding walls and base walls of the adjacent modules is a T-shaped two-part connecting and sealing section consisting of its outer part with sealing and of its inner part, while the outer part is provided with diagonally formed grooves into which stabilizing pins fit inside the two-part connecting section.
• the upper end of the strut is attached to the locking stanchion arranged in the area where the base walls and folding walls of the adjacent modules come into contact by using a quick-release connector formed by a shaped groove of the strut and locking stanchion, into which fits a locking pin.
• the base wall is made up of at least one metal frame, a metal or plastic floor grate, and a water resistant panel or waterproof sheeting
• the folding wall is made up of (at least) one metal frame, a metal or plastic floor grate, and a water resistant panel or waterproof sheeting
• the frames are mutually connected by central hinges.
• the frames on the lower sides are mounted using rubber sealing and secured by a folding abutment acting against the water pressure, and folded beneath the folding parts of the flood walls when in idle mode.
• the metallic elements of the wall and its concrete base wall form a walkable gutter or normal walkway, with the floor grates creating the walkable area.
• the most appropriate floor grates are likely grates from lath mesh reinforced plastic slats which reinforce the pedestrian area and prevent damage to the thick fiber-reinforced waterproofing membrane, for example by high-heeled shoes.
• Another option may be a walkable area of flbreglass or composite material treated to resist abrasion and which imitates various types of interlocking or stone paving.
• the drainage from the building's rain gutter system can be installed into the gutter and subsequently drained from the gutter into pipes connected to the sewer system or a rainwater tank.
• the rain gutters close with a return valve at the same time that the walls are raised so that the area behind the flood wall does not become flooded during a water surge in the sewer system.
• the sewer connections must be secured in the same way.
• the individual elements are simply lifted manually in parts or with the use of hydraulics or pneumatic pressure, or by a manually transportable mobile lifting system.
• the most advantageous is a hydraulic system in which the activation itself may be carried out by a single person.
• the winch bracket When using a mobile lifting device consisting of an electric winch, the winch bracket is inserted into a hole in the concrete footing at the edge of the gutter, a steel wire hooks to the top connecting section, and winching commences.
• the vertical tension begins to unfold the connected parts to the upright position.
• the locking sections After erecting the barriers, the locking sections are installed.
• the connecting sealing sections In the event of assembling a wall made of several larger areas, or when lifting manually, the connecting sealing sections are inserted between the individual parts, first from the outside and then from the inside. For connecting and pulling these parts together, locks with diagonal slots are used in which a vertical downward pull results in the elements being pulled towards each other.
• the inner part is then screwed into the anchor in the concrete gutter and when tightened, the seal at the outer part of the connecting and sealing section is pressed to the frame sections of the wall elements.
• the strut is attached to the upper end connected into the locks on the connecting sections and at the lower end supported by the bottom of the concrete gutter against the water pressure acting on the flood wall.
• the individual connecting elements are stored in the storage area in the gutter.
• the wall will not be divided into individual bi-frames, but only into a lower and upper bi-frame exceeding the length of the entire construction. If connections need to be made due to length, the same elements are to be used for connecting like in the case of a manual lifting system.
• precast reinforced concrete or metal constructions can be used for templates and which, for this case, will be included in the delivery.
• the metal templates will be used for exact casting of the gutter. If hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders will be used for lifting, the metal templates will also include metal housings for installation of the cylinders. Rainwater drainage from the metal housing is secured by connection into the main rain gutter system.
• the cylinder itself can be protected using a protective cover from a waterproof and flexible material that is wrapped around the cylinder, attached by a collar to the cylinder on one side and to the piston rod on the other. The length of the cover must match the length of the cylinder and piston rod in the extended position.
• Another advantage of the device according to the invention is that it can be applied to all types of buildings, self-standing or in a row, in both newly constructed buildings and by supplemental construction to those already built. In terms of safety, it is necessary to count on the construction of a device for warning prior to activation.
• the device allows for use even outside the time of a flood risk, is not intrusive, and allows for the rapid construction of high flood walls with minimal demands on space.
• FIG. 1 side view of building with partially erected flood wall
• FIG. 2 front view of building with completely erected and secured flood wall
• FIG. 3 rear view of building with completely erected and secured flood wall
• FIG. 4 layout of building surrounded by the device according to the invention in a position forming a walkway around the building
• FIG. 5 view of partially erected flood wall showing the template for the concrete gutter
• FIG. 6 view of partially erected flood wall with gutter made of precast concrete
• Fig. 7 view of partially erected flood wall showing the template for the gutter concrete casting, locking stanchions, and struts
• Fig. 8 view of the flood wall erected only up to base wall level, showing the template for the gutter concrete casting
• FIG. 9 view of the flood wall lifted using an electric winch, with gutter made of precast concrete
• Fig. 10 view of the base wall and folding wall in unfolded mode and with inner and outer frames with embedded waterproofing membrane
• FIG. 11 view of the outer part of the connecting and sealing section
• Fig. 12 view of the inner part of the connecting and sealing section
• FIG. 13 view of a strut with quick-release connector
• Fig. 14 view of a strut in the design for a flood wall erected to the height of the base wall
• Fig. 15 view of a locking stanchion and strut for lifting using a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder or winch
• Fig. 16 view of floor grate made of lath mesh
• Fig. 17 view of floor grate made of plastic
• Fig. 18 view of erected and secured flood wall with gutter made partially of precast concrete and partially of template-cast concrete, with manual and hydraulic lift
• the building shown in Fig. 1 to 4 is a common existing or newly constructed building, regardless of the type of construction used (aerated concrete masonry, poroton, concrete monolith, or timber), self-standing or in a row, or in a community of other similar houses.
• the folding flood wall On the property owned by the owner and around the building, the folding flood wall is built which, in its folded state, serves as a walkway 2, to which rainwater drainage from the roof is led.
• Figure 1 shows the folded flood wall in a state of partial manual erection, i.e. the individual frames 3 and 4 with the assembled connecting and sealing sections 9 including the corner frame.
• the concrete foundation is composed of a gutter 1 for the installation of the base wall 27 as well as folding walls 28 of the flood wall and a storage space 15 for storing the connecting and supporting parts.
• the concrete gutter 1 is embedded in the ground so that it is slightly higher than the finished grade around the building. The gap between the gutter 1 and the foundation of the building is sealed and waterproofed to prevent flooding the space between the wall and the house in the event of a surge of low water.
• the template 18 is used for setting the gutter 1, it is necessary to deepen the ground under the template 18 to create a foundation belt that serves to stabilize the wall against the onset of water.
• the casting of this belt must be carried out simultaneously with the casting of the template 18.
• a submersible pump is placed into the concrete base wall at the lowest point with a level indicator.
• the flood wall itself is made up of modules set adjacent to each other, made up of a base wall 27 and a folding wall 28 in the upright vertical position. In idle mode, the base wall 27 and folding wall 28 are folded into the concrete gutter 1 so that it creates a walkway 2.
• each complete module is made up of at least one frame 3 of base wall 27 connected to the gutter 1 by a lower hinge 5 with anchoring section and to a folding wall 28 attached to it by a folding wall frame 4.
• the individual frames 3, 4 are made of galvanized hollow tubes. If the water level is less than one meter, the wall consists of only the erected base wall 27.
• Frames 3, 4 are two-piece, consisting of an inner and outer frame.
• a reinforced waterproofing membrane 29 is inserted between these two frame parts 3, 4 and is glued to the lower and upper frame 3, 4 with polyurethane glue.
• a fold must be formed in the location of the hinged connection with sufficient looseness so that the walls may fold without disturbing the integrity of the membrane 29.
• the membrane 29 must then exceed the underside by about 150 mm so that it can be attached watertight to the concrete gutter 1.
• a lath mesh 30 for a walkway 2 is proposed because it has smaller holes, which increases the safety of walking and allows for the insertion of strips of plastic walkable floor grates into the space between the transverse ribs which the membrane 29 will push against upon the onset of water, with the full surface turned to the membrane 29.
• the plastic walkable grate 30, in the wall's retracted position, will protect the membrane 29 with its full surface from damage during normal use as e.g. a walkway 2.
• the wall may also be divided into several parts according to the length of the protected building.
• the actual lifting of the wall, according to the example shown in Fig. 5, 6, 7, 8 is realized by using diagonally placed hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders 20 stored on a pivot in metal cases 19.
• the pivot is located closer to the outer edge of the concrete gutter 1.
• the rod 21 is attached by a jointed attachment to the upper edge of the base wall 27 of the flood wall. Turning the drive on results in the extension of the rod 21 from the cylinder 20.
• the movement of the rod 21 transferred to the frame 3 simultaneously begins to stretch the tension lift belt 23 fitted with a special connector at the connection of frame 3 and frame 4, and anchored at its lower end to the concrete gutter 1 and at its upper end to the edge of the frame 4.
• the wall thus opens as a result of the pressure of rod 21 on base wall 27 and via the tension lift belt 23 to the folding wall 28.
• the tensioning lift belt 23, the length of which is the sum of the horizontal lengths of the two frames 3, 4 and their width, secures the deployment of the wall.
• the lower anchor is at the site of the total length of the belt 23 when the wall is erect. In the lowered position, the tension belts 23 on the walkable side of the walkway 2 are recessed into the groove in the upper part of frame 4.
• a winch 14 can be used according to Fig. 9, for the application of which a footing 12 with an opening for inserting a winch cantilever 13 must be prepared when casting the concrete for the gutter 1 and equipped with an electric or manual winch 14 which enables one to lift the entire wall or a part of it at once into the erected position.
• a winch 14 For a single building only one mobile lifting device will be used, the weight of which makes for easy handling and transfer as needed.
• the outer part of the connecting and sealing section 9 is to be inserted from the outer side according to Fig. 11
• the inner part of the connecting and sealing section 9 is to be inserted from the inner side according to Fig. 12.
• Both parts are fitted with a locking and sealing system in which the vertical movement of the inner part results in constriction to the outer part of the frames 3, 4 of the wall.
• the inner part is then fixed with a screw to the concrete gutter 1.
• the struts 10 are to be positioned according to Fig. 13, acting against water pressure in the upper part using the quick- release connector 16, pushed into the lock of the inner section 9 according to Fig. 12, pushed against the bottom edge of the concrete gutter 1, and fixed by a bolt to the anchor.
• the wall shown in Fig. 8 is intended for areas where flood waters do not exceed the height of 1 meter. These are mainly areas where basements and cellars are flooded during torrential rains, and where the speed of wall erection plays a crucial role.
• the flood wall In idle mode, the flood wall is folded into concrete gutter 1 and is usable for normal foot traffic. Only when the increased risk of flooding is announced will it be erected around a building, or part of it, since this type of flooding does not involve long-term exposure to contaminated water and deep saturation of the building walls.
• the barrier can be raised manually.
• the corner element will be folded beneath the adjacent wall, pulled out using a special joint and erected using a lever mechanism. Corner sealing will ensure waterproofing against floodwaters.
• the device can be used as a flood wall for protecting buildings against floods and high water, while at the same time as a gutter walkway.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

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Cited By (9)

Citations (8)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 2012
  • 2012-07-18 CZ CZ2012-488A patent/CZ306685B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2013
  • 2013-07-17 EP EP13753083.8A patent/EP2875187A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2013-07-17 WO PCT/CZ2013/000084 patent/WO2014012526A1/en active Application Filing

Patent Citations (8)

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