WO2013157573A1 - 色視機能測定手段及び色視機能測定システム - Google Patents
色視機能測定手段及び色視機能測定システム Download PDFInfo
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- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/02—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient
- A61B3/06—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing light sensitivity, e.g. adaptation; for testing colour vision
- A61B3/066—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing light sensitivity, e.g. adaptation; for testing colour vision for testing colour vision
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/0016—Operational features thereof
- A61B3/0041—Operational features thereof characterised by display arrangements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/02—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient
- A61B3/028—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing visual acuity; for determination of refraction, e.g. phoropters
- A61B3/032—Devices for presenting test symbols or characters, e.g. test chart projectors
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- the present invention relates to a color visual function measuring means and a color visual function measuring system capable of measuring the color visual acuity and / or color visual field of a subject.
- the present inventors measured the visual acuity of each color using an inspection table displaying a 15-color Landolt ring in a gray background.
- the luminance of the background is 100 [cd / m 2 ]
- the luminance of the target is 30 [cd / m 2 ]
- the colors of the target are R, YR, RY, Y, GY, YG, G, BG, GB, B, PB, BP, P, RP, PR (15 colors of NEW COLOR TEST) were used.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the measurement results, where the horizontal axis represents color and the vertical axis represents visual acuity. As is apparent from this figure, the visual acuity was constant regardless of the color of the target.
- this result does not mean that the target used for measurement is colored, but only the color of each target affects the measurement result (that is, the visual acuity measurement is not possible with a colored target). It is almost the same as the result of visual acuity measurement with a white or black visual target), but color visual acuity (that is, visual acuity affected by color and saturation) is not accurately measured. is doing.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a color visual function measuring means and a color visual function measuring system capable of solving the above-mentioned problems.
- the invention according to claim 1 is illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, and is a color in which a plurality of targets (A 11 ,%) Colored in chromatic colors are displayed in the background (B).
- Color visual acuity which is visual function measuring means (1, 10), which is a color visual function of the subject based on examining whether or not the subject can visually recognize each target (A 11 ,).
- the invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein all the luminances of the plurality of visual targets (A 11 ,%) Or the luminances of the predetermined number of visual targets (A 11 ,. Set equal, When the luminance of the target is ⁇ [cd / m 2 ] and the luminance of the background is ⁇ [cd / m 2 ], the following expression is satisfied.
- the invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the background (B) is an achromatic color.
- the invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein all of the plurality of targets (A 11 ,%) Or the predetermined number of targets (A 11 ,. ) Is set to be different in size,
- the eyesight (A 11 ,%) Is configured to be able to measure the color visual acuity of the subject with respect to the chromatic color based on examining whether or not the subject can visually recognize each target (A 11 ,).
- the invention according to claim 5 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein all of the plurality of targets (A 11 ,%) Or the predetermined number of targets (A 11 ,. ) Is set to be approximately equal in size, It is configured so that the subject's color field of view for the chromatic color can be measured based on checking whether or not the subject can visually recognize each target (A 11 ,%) Presented at various positions. It is characterized by that.
- the invention according to claim 6 is illustrated in FIG. 1, and in the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the background (B) and the target (A 11 ,...) It is a displayed paper or resin sheet (1).
- the invention according to claim 7 is illustrated in FIG. 2, and in the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 5, at least one of a liquid crystal display, a plasma display, an organic EL display, and a CRT.
- the invention according to claim 8 is illustrated in FIG. 2, and in the invention according to claim 7, the time for displaying the target (A 11 ,%) By the target display unit (13) is limited.
- a display time limiter (14) to perform, A recognition detector (15) that outputs a signal indicating that the subject has recognized the displayed target (A 11 ,...);
- the invention according to claim 9 is the invention according to claim 7, wherein a target display time storage unit (17) for storing a target display time for each color; Display for limiting the time for displaying the target (A 11 ,...) By the target display unit (13) to the target display time for each color stored in the target display time storage unit (17).
- a recognition detector (15) that outputs a signal indicating that the subject has recognized the displayed target (A 11 ,...);
- a color vision function determination unit (16) for determining the color vision and / or color field of the subject based on a signal from the recognition detection unit (15).
- the invention according to claim 10 is a color visual function measurement result input means for inputting a measurement result of the color visual function measured by the color visual function measurement means according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
- a normal visual function measurement result input means for inputting a measurement result of the normal visual function which is not affected by the color
- the present invention relates to a color visual function measurement system comprising a measurement result comparison display means for comparing or displaying the measurement result for the color vision function and the measurement result for the normal vision function.
- the invention according to claim 11 is a color visual function measurement result input means for inputting a measurement result of the color visual function measured by the color visual function measurement means according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
- the present invention relates to a color vision function measurement system comprising measurement result display means for three-dimensionally displaying a measurement result input by the color vision function measurement result input means on a chromaticity diagram.
- the invention according to claim 12 is a color visual function measurement result input means for inputting a measurement result of the color visual function measured by the color visual function measurement means according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
- Age input means for inputting the age of the subject measured by the color vision function measuring means,
- Reference data storage means for storing age-specific reference data for the color vision function;
- Reference data extraction means for extracting reference data corresponding to the age data from the reference data storage means based on the age data input by the age input means;
- a color visual function measurement system comprising: a data comparison unit that compares the measurement result input by the color visual function measurement result input unit and the reference data extracted by the reference data extraction unit. Is.
- the color vision function (color visual acuity, color visual field, and fatigue level) of the subject can be easily determined.
- the target display time can be set to an appropriate time for each color, and the time required for the entire measurement can be shortened to increase the efficiency of measurement work.
- the subject's color vision function (measurement result) can be compared with age-specific reference data.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of the color visual function measuring means according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the configuration of the color visual function measuring means according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a measurement result diagram showing a result of measuring the color visual acuity by a conventional method.
- 4A is an xy chromaticity diagram
- FIG. 4B is a Lab chromaticity diagram.
- FIG. 5 is a measurement result diagram showing the result of measuring the color visual acuity by the color visual function measuring means according to the present invention.
- FIGS. 6 (a) to 6 (e) are measurement result diagrams showing the results of color vision measurement for five subjects.
- FIG. 7 (a) is a measurement result diagram showing the results of color vision measurement for subjects in their 20s and those in their 60s
- Fig. 7 (b) is the measured average value for those in their 20s. It is a table in which measured average values and their differences in the 60s are arranged by color.
- FIG. 8 is a measurement result diagram in which the color visual acuity measurement results are three-dimensionally displayed.
- color visual acuity for example, the ability to identify a red object with the eye or the ability to identify a blue object with the eye
- color field the visual field for each color
- visual function the range of peripheral vision in which red can be perceived without moving the eye or the range of peripheral vision in which blue can be perceived without moving the eye
- the color visual function measuring means is for measuring the color visual acuity and / or color visual field of a subject.
- the color visual function measuring means is exemplified by reference numerals 1 and 10 in FIGS. 1 and 2, for example, and includes a plurality of visual targets (that is, a Landolt ring and other known visual targets described later) A 11 ,. There are those comprising appear in the background B, the plurality of optotypes a 11, all ..., or plurality of optotypes a 11, ... is at least a predetermined number of target of the substantially same chromatic (That is, chromatic colors having substantially the same color).
- all the displayed visual targets are painted in five colors (that is, the first to fifth colors).
- the present invention is not limited to this. Even if all the displayed targets are colored with one color (for example, red), all the displayed targets are two to four, or six. The above colors may be applied separately.
- the number of targets displayed by the color visual function measuring means 1 and 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is 40, of course, it is not limited to this, and the number of targets is arbitrarily set. can do.
- not only a chromatic target but also an achromatic target (that is, a saturation of 0) may be displayed.
- all the visual targets A 11 ,... are displayed simultaneously, but of course not limited to this. Each target may be displayed in turn.
- the plurality of optotypes A 11, ... at least a predetermined number of optotypes A 11 of the, ... and the luminance (brightness) of the the background B luminance (brightness) have been set to be substantially equal
- the visual acuity and / or color field of the chromatic color can be measured on the basis of whether or not the subject can visually recognize each of the visual targets A 11 ,.
- the visual target and the background are set so that at least one (or both) of hue and saturation is different.
- the luminance of the background B may be set in a range of 20 to 100 [cd / m 2 ] (for example, 30 [cd / m 2 ]), and the luminance of the target A 11 ,. m 2 ], and the luminance of the background B is ⁇ [cd / m 2 ], the following equation is preferably satisfied. That is,
- the background B color is a chromatic color (that is, a color whose saturation is not 0), it is substantially achromatic color (that is, an achromatic color whose saturation is 0, or a slight chromatic color is mixed with the achromatic color).
- ⁇ Background B is gray as described later, and the target A 11 ,.
- the background B is a specific chromatic color and the target A 11 ,... Is some chromatic color (for example, the background B is red and the target A 11 ,. Even if the target A 11 , ... is red and green) both are fine.
- the substantially achromatic background is preferably used for examination of eye diseases, and the chromatic background is preferably used for examination of fatigue level of normal eyes.
- all of the plurality of targets A 11 ,... Or the predetermined number of targets A 11 ,... are large. Can be measured so that the visual acuity of the subject with respect to the chromatic color can be measured on the basis of checking whether or not the subject can visually recognize each of the targets A 11 ,. It is good to configure as follows.
- all of the plurality of targets A 11 ,... Or the predetermined number of targets A 11 ,... are large.
- the color of the subject with respect to the chromatic color based on checking whether or not the subject can visually recognize each optotype presented at various positions. You may make it comprise so that a visual field can be measured. If the color visual acuity measurement is performed by the color visual function measuring means 1 and 10 described above, the size of the color visual target that can be visually recognized by the subject can be known. It is good to use. In the case of color visual field measurement, it is sufficient to measure the visual field at the center, so a flat perimeter may be used.
- 15 colors (R, YR, RY, Y, GY, YG, G, BG, GB, B, PB, BP, P, RP, PR) of NEW COLOR TEST are used as the target colors (see FIG. 4 (a) and (b)), in FIG. 3, the fifteen colors are plotted on the horizontal axis and the visual acuity is plotted on the vertical axis.
- the background was gray
- the background brightness was 100 [cd / m 2 ]
- the target brightness was 30 [cd / m 2 ].
- the color visual acuity declines in GY or BP
- what is important is not that (that is, the color visual acuity declines in GY or BP)
- the measured color visual acuity is shown in FIG. In other words, it is not constant and varies greatly depending on the color.
- the fact that the measured color acuity differs depending on the color indicates that the color of the target has an effect on the measurement result, indicating that the visual acuity by color (ie, color acuity) can be measured.
- the color visual field is measured by the color visual function measuring means 1 and 10 according to the present invention, the visual field for each color (color visual field) can be measured.
- the color visual acuity and the color visual field are accurately measured for each color. I can do it.
- an elderly person has inferior visual acuity of R color compared to that of other colors, and a person suffering from a specific eye disease has a visual acuity of a specific color in the visual acuity of another color.
- a decrease in visual acuity by color can also be accurately measured. That is, there are three elements of color, hue, brightness (luminance), and saturation.
- the brightness of the background and the brightness of the target are set to be approximately equal. The target is recognized based on the difference.
- the color visual function measuring means includes: A substantially achromatic background and a target that is substantially achromatic and has a brightness different from that of the background, A chromatic background and a target that is chromatic and has substantially the same brightness. It is preferable to display a substantially achromatic background and a target that is chromatic and has substantially the same luminance as the background.
- a display unit 11 comprising at least one of a liquid crystal display, a plasma display, an organic EL display, a CRT, and other known displays;
- a background display unit 12 for displaying the background B on the display unit 11;
- a target display unit 13 for displaying the target A 11 ,... Of a predetermined brightness, a predetermined color, and a predetermined size on the display unit 11;
- the brightness of the background B and the brightness of the visual targets A 11 Do not need to be exactly matched, so that no device or control for making the brightness exactly match is unnecessary.
- the device can be made inexpensive.
- a recognition detection unit that outputs a signal indicating that the subject has recognized the displayed target A 11 ,.
- a recognition time measuring unit that measures the time taken from the presentation of the target A 11 ,... To being recognized by the subject based on the signal from the recognition detection unit;
- a color vision function determination unit that determines the color vision and / or color field of the subject from the size or the presentation position of the presented target A 11 ,... And the time measured by the recognition time measurement unit; , May be provided.
- it is possible to determine the color vision and the color field of view by taking into account not only whether or not the target has been recognized but also the time required for the recognition. Become.
- a display time limiting unit 14 that limits the time for displaying the target A 11 ,...
- a recognition detection unit 15 that outputs a signal indicating that the subject has recognized the displayed target A 11 ,.
- a color visual function determination unit 16 that determines the color visual acuity and / or color visual field of the subject based on a signal from the recognition detection unit 15; May be provided.
- the color vision function color visual acuity, color field of view, and fatigue level
- the time required for a normal eye to see the target varies depending on the color of the target.
- a target display time storage unit 17 for storing a target display time (specified time) for each color;
- a display time limiter that limits the time for displaying the target by the target display unit 13 to the target display time (specified time) for each color stored in the target display time storage unit (17).
- 14 and A recognition detection unit 15 that outputs a signal indicating that the subject has recognized the displayed target A 11 ,.
- a color visual function determination unit 16 that determines the color visual acuity and / or color visual field of the subject based on a signal from the recognition detection unit 15; May be provided. In such a case, the target display time can be set to an appropriate time for each color, and the time required for the entire measurement can be shortened to increase the efficiency of the measurement work.
- the target display time may be changed according to the type of eye disease. That means A target display time storage unit 17 for storing a target display time (specified time) for each color and for each eye disease; A display time limiting unit 14 that limits the time for displaying the target by the target display unit 13 to the target display time (specified time) stored in the target display time storage unit 17; A recognition detection unit 15 that outputs a signal indicating that the subject has recognized the displayed target A 11 ,. A color visual function determination unit 16 that determines the color visual acuity and / or color visual field of the subject based on a signal from the recognition detection unit 15; May be provided.
- the target is presented to the patient in a predetermined time (for example, 4 times) of 0.2 seconds, and the target with a normal eye is set to 0.
- the target is a color that can be determined in 5 seconds
- the target may be presented to the patient in a predetermined multiple of 0.5 seconds (for example, 4 times).
- the target display time can be set to an appropriate time for each color and eye disease for the patient, and the time required for the entire measurement can be shortened to increase the efficiency of the measurement work.
- the target display time and the target color may be changed depending on whether the eye disease is in the initial stage or the final stage.
- the recognition detection unit 15 include a joystick and a button operated by a subject or an examiner.
- examples of the color visual function measuring means include paper, a resin sheet, and a booklet (see reference numeral 1 in FIG. 1) displaying (printing) the background B and the visual targets A 11 ,.
- the sheet can be easily printed by a known method. Note that the color at which visual acuity decreases depends on the type of eye disease, so if an eye test chart is prepared for each eye disease, patients with each eye disease will preferentially measure only the visual acuity of the necessary color. All you need is enough.
- a color visual function measurement result input means for inputting a measurement result of the color visual function measured by the color visual function measuring means 1 and 10 described above; ⁇ Normal visual function that is not affected by color (that is, the effect of color measured by using an achromatic target such as white or black, or a target that differs from the background brightness by more than a certain level.
- a normal visual function measurement result input means for inputting a measurement result of visual acuity and visual field
- the color visual function measurement system may be configured by measurement result comparison display means for comparing or displaying the measurement result for the color vision function and the measurement result for the normal vision function. According to the color visual function measurement system, the subject's color visual acuity and normal visual acuity (that is, visual acuity not affected by color) can be easily compared.
- a color vision function measurement result input means for inputting a measurement result of the color vision function measured by the color vision function measurement means 1 and 10;
- a measurement result display means for three-dimensionally displaying the measurement result input by the color vision function measurement result input means on a chromaticity diagram;
- a color visual function measurement system may be configured by the above.
- FIG. 8 shows an example of a diagram displayed by the measurement result display means.
- symbol C indicates a chromaticity diagram
- symbols D 1 ,... Indicate line segments representing the color vision function (for example, color vision) of each color. According to this color vision function measuring system, it is possible to visually grasp the superiority or inferiority of the color vision function for each color.
- a color vision function measurement result input means for inputting a measurement result of the color vision function measured by the color vision function measurement means 1 and 10;
- An age input means for inputting the age of the subject measured by the color vision function measuring means 1 and 10;
- a reference data storage means for storing age-specific reference data for the color vision function;
- Reference data extraction means for extracting reference data corresponding to the age data from the reference data storage means based on the age data input by the age input means;
- Data comparison means for comparing the measurement result input by the color vision function measurement result input means with the reference data extracted by the reference data extraction means;
- a color visual function measurement system may be configured by the above. According to the color vision function measurement system, the color vision function (measurement result) of the subject can be compared with reference data by age.
- Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the visual acuity was measured using the visual acuity test table (color visual function measuring means) 1 shown in FIG.
- the Landolt ring (target) is divided into five colors so that the five colors of color visual acuity can be measured.
- the NEW COLOR TEST Using Landolt rings colored in 15 colors (R, YR, RY, Y, GY, YG, G, BG, GB, B, PB, BP, P, RP, PR), the colors for the 15 colors Visual acuity was measured.
- the color of the background B was gray, and the luminance of each target A 11 ,... And the background B was 30 [cd / m 2 ].
- FIGS. 6 (a) to 6 (e) are diagrams showing measurement results for five subjects.
- the horizontal axis represents the color of each target and the vertical axis represents visual acuity.
- the normal visual acuity in the figure is visual acuity measured with the luminance of the background B being 100 [cd / m 2 ] and the luminance of the target A 11 ,... 30 [cd / m 2 ].
- the visual acuity is visual acuity measured with the luminance of the background B being 30 [cd / m 2 ] and the luminance of the visual target A 11 ,... 30 [cd / m 2 ].
- Example 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
- FIG. 7 (a) shows the color vision of subjects in their 60s (the color vision of each color is the average value for 17 men and 5 women) and the color of subjects in their 20s. It is the figure which compared and showed visual acuity (the color visual acuity of each color is an average value about five men and 14 women), the figure (b) Is a table in which the measurement average values in the 20s, the measurement averages in the 60s, and their differences are arranged by color. From FIG. 7 (a), it can be understood that the color vision of the subject in the 60s is lower than the color vision of the subject in the 20s.
- FIG. 7 (b) From the above, it can be seen that the degree of reduction in visual acuity due to aging varies depending on the color. For example, the degree of reduction in R visual acuity due to aging is 0.1765, which is larger than 0.1295 of Y visual acuity.
- Color visual function measuring means (eye test table) 10 color vision measuring unit 11 display unit 12 the background display section 13 target display part 14 display time limiter 15 recognition detecting section 16 color vision determination unit 17 target display time storage unit A 11, ... optotype (Landolt ring) B Background
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Abstract
Description
前記複数の視標(A11,…)の全て、又は該複数の視標(A11,…)の内の少なくとも所定数の視標は、略同じ有彩色にて着色されてなり、
該視標(A11,…)の輝度は、前記背景(B)の輝度とほぼ等しくなるように設定され、
前記有彩色についての色視力及び/又は色視野を測定できるように構成されたことを特徴とする。
該視標の輝度をα[cd/m2]とし、前記背景の輝度をβ[cd/m2]とした場合に、次式が成立するように構成されたことを特徴とする。
各視標(A11,…)を被検者が視認できるか否かを検査することに基づき前記有彩色についての前記被検者の色視力を測定できるように構成されたことを特徴とする。
種々の位置に呈示される各視標(A11,…)を被検者が視認できるか否かを検査することに基づき前記有彩色についての前記被検者の色視野を測定できるように構成されたことを特徴とする。
前記背景(B)を該ディスプレイ部(11)に表示する背景表示部(12)と、
所定の輝度、所定の色、及び所定の大きさの視標(A11,…)を前記ディスプレイ部(11)に表示する視標表示部(13)と、を備えたことを特徴とする。
該表示された視標(A11,…)を被検者が認識した旨の信号を出力する認識検知部(15)と、
該認識検知部(15)からの信号に基づき前記被検者の色視力及び/又は色視野を判定する色視機能判定部(16)と、を備えたことを特徴とする。
前記視標表示部(13)により前記視標(A11,…)を表示する時間を、前記視標表示時間記憶部(17)に記憶されている各色毎の視標表示時間に制限する表示時間制限部(14)と、
表示された視標(A11,…)を被検者が認識した旨の信号を出力する認識検知部(15)と、
該認識検知部(15)からの信号に基づき前記被検者の色視力及び/又は色視野を判定する色視機能判定部(16)と、を備えたことを特徴とする。
色味の影響を受けない通常視機能についての測定結果を入力する通常視機能測定結果入力手段と、
前記色視機能についての測定結果と前記通常視機能についての測定結果とを比較又は表示する測定結果比較表示手段と、を備えたことを特徴とする色視機能測定システムについてのものである。
該色視機能測定結果入力手段により入力された測定結果を、色度図上に三次元表示する測定結果表示手段と、を備えたことを特徴とする色視機能測定システムについてのものである。
前記色視機能測定手段により測定した被検者の年齢を入力する年齢入力手段と、
色視機能についての年齢別の基準データを保存する基準データ保存手段と、
前記年齢入力手段により入力された年齢データに基づき、前記基準データ保存手段から該年齢データに対応する基準データを抽出する基準データ抽出手段と、
前記色視機能測定結果入力手段により入力された測定結果と前記基準データ抽出手段により抽出された基準データとを比較するデータ比較手段と、を備えたことを特徴とする色視機能測定システムについてのものである。
・ 背景Bを後述のようにグレー色とし、視標A11,…を何らかの有彩色にしても、
・ 背景Bを特定の有彩色とし視標A11,…を何らかの有彩色にしても(例えば、背景Bを赤色とし、視標A11,…を彩度の異なる赤色としても、或いは背景Bを緑色とし視標A11,…を赤色としても)、
どちらでも良い。なお、略無彩色の背景は眼疾患の検査に使用すると良く、有彩色の背景は正常眼の疲労度の検査に使用すると良い。
・ 略無彩色の背景と、略無彩色であって該背景とは輝度が異なる視標、
・ 有彩色の背景と、有彩色であって該背景とは輝度がほぼ同じである視標、
・ 略無彩色の背景と、有彩色であって該背景とは輝度がほぼ同じである視標
を表示するように構成しておくと良い。
・ 液晶ディスプレイ、プラズマディスプレイ、有機ELディスプレイ、CRT、及びその他の公知のディスプレイの内の少なくとも1つからなるディスプレイ部11と、
・ 前記背景Bを該ディスプレイ部11に表示する背景表示部12と、
・ 所定の輝度、所定の色、及び所定の大きさの視標A11,…を前記ディスプレイ部11に表示する視標表示部13と、
からなる装置を挙げることができる。本発明によれば、前記背景Bの輝度と前記視標A11,…の輝度とは厳密に一致させておく必要が無いので、それらの輝度を厳密に一致させるような装置や制御を不要とし、装置を安価にできる。この場合、
・ 表示された視標A11,…を被検者が認識した旨の信号を出力する認識検知部と、
・ 該認識検知部からの信号に基づき、前記視標A11,…が呈示されてから前記被検者に認識されるまでに要した時間を測定する認識時間測定部と、
・ 呈示された前記視標A11,…の大きさ又は呈示位置と前記認識時間測定部により測定した時間とから前記被検者の色視力及び/又は色視野を判定する色視機能判定部と、
を設けておいても良い。そのようにした場合には、視標を認識できたか否かだけでなく認識までに要した時間を加味して色視力や色視野を判定することができるので、より適確な判定が可能となる。また、
・ 前記視標表示部13により前記視標A11,…を表示する時間を規定時間(例えば、0.5秒や2.0秒)に制限する表示時間制限部14と、
・ 該表示された視標A11,…を被検者が認識した旨の信号を出力する認識検知部15と、
・ 該認識検知部15からの信号に基づき前記被検者の色視力及び/又は色視野を判定する色視機能判定部16と、
を設けておいても良い。そのようにした場合には、被検者の色視機能(色視力や色視野や疲労度)を簡便に(例えば、○とか×で)判定することができる。なお、正常眼が視標を視認できるのに要する時間は視標の色によって異なるので、
・ 各色毎の視標表示時間(規定時間)を記憶する視標表示時間記憶部17と、
・ 前記視標表示部13により前記視標を表示する時間を、前記視標表示時間記憶部(17)に記憶されている各色毎の視標表示時間(規定時間)に制限する表示時間制限部14と、
・ 表示された視標A11,…を被検者が認識した旨の信号を出力する認識検知部15と、
・ 該認識検知部15からの信号に基づき前記被検者の色視力及び/又は色視野を判定する色視機能判定部16と、
を設けておいても良い。そのようにした場合には、視標表示時間を色別の適正時間に設定でき、全体の測定に要する時間を短縮して測定作業の効率を上げることができる。また、前記視標表示時間は眼疾患の種類によって変更すると良い。つまり、
・ 各色毎及び眼疾患別の視標表示時間(規定時間)を記憶する視標表示時間記憶部17と、
・ 前記視標表示部13により視標を表示する時間を、前記視標表示時間記憶部17に記憶されている視標表示時間(規定時間)に制限する表示時間制限部14と、
・ 表示された視標A11,…を被検者が認識した旨の信号を出力する認識検知部15と、
・ 該認識検知部15からの信号に基づき前記被検者の色視力及び/又は色視野を判定する色視機能判定部16と、
を設けておいても良い。例えば、正常眼で0.2秒で判定できる色の視標なら患者に対しては0.2秒の所定倍(例えば、4倍)の時間で該視標を呈示し、正常眼で0.5秒で判定できる色の視標なら患者に対しては0.5秒の所定倍(例えば、4倍)の時間で該視標を呈示するようにすると良い。そのようにした場合には、患者に対しても視標表示時間を色別及び眼疾患別の適正時間に設定でき、全体の測定に要する時間を短縮して測定作業の効率を上げることができる。なお、眼病が初期の段階か末期の段階かで視標表示時間や視標の色を変更するようにしても良い。また、前記認識検知部15としては、被検者や検査者により操作されるジョイスティックやボタンなどを挙げることができる。
・ 上述した色視機能測定手段1,10により測定した色視機能についての測定結果を入力する色視機能測定結果入力手段と、
・ 色味の影響を受けない通常視機能(つまり、白色や黒色の略無彩色の視標、或いは背景の輝度と所定以上輝度が異なる視標を使用することにより測定した、色味の影響を受けない視力や視野)についての測定結果を入力する通常視機能測定結果入力手段と、
・ 前記色視機能についての測定結果と前記通常視機能についての測定結果とを比較又は表示する測定結果比較表示手段と、により色視機能測定システムを構成しても良い。該色視機能測定システムによれば、被検者の色視力と通常の視力(つまり、色味の影響を受けない視力)とを容易に比較することができる。
・ 前記色視機能測定手段1,10により測定した色視機能についての測定結果を入力する色視機能測定結果入力手段と、
・ 該色視機能測定結果入力手段により入力された測定結果を、色度図上に三次元表示する測定結果表示手段と、
により色視機能測定システムを構成しても良い。図8に、測定結果表示手段により表示した図の一例を示す。図中の符号Cは色度図を示し、符号D1,…は各色の色視機能(例えば、色視力)を表す線分を示す。この色視機能測定システムによれば、色視機能の色別の優劣を視覚的に把握することができる。
・ 前記色視機能測定手段1,10により測定した色視機能についての測定結果を入力する色視機能測定結果入力手段と、
・ 前記色視機能測定手段1,10により測定した被検者の年齢を入力する年齢入力手段と、
・ 色視機能についての年齢別の基準データを保存する基準データ保存手段と、
・ 前記年齢入力手段により入力された年齢データに基づき、前記基準データ保存手段から該年齢データに対応する基準データを抽出する基準データ抽出手段と、
・ 前記色視機能測定結果入力手段により入力された測定結果と前記基準データ抽出手段により抽出された基準データとを比較するデータ比較手段と、
により色視機能測定システムを構成しても良い。該色視機能測定システムによれば、被検者の色視機能(測定結果)を年齢別の基準データと比較することができる。
は、20才代の測定平均値と60才代の測定平均値とそれらの差分を色別に整理した表である。この図7(a) より、60才代の被検者の色視力が20才代の被検者の色視力より低下していることが理解できる。また、図7(b)
より、加齢による視力の低下の度合いは色によって異なり、例えば、加齢によるR視力の低下の度合いは0.1765であって、Y視力の0.1295に比べて大きいことが分かる。
10 色視機能測定手段
11 ディスプレイ部
12 背景表示部
13 視標表示部
14 表示時間制限部
15 認識検知部
16 色視機能判定部
17 視標表示時間記憶部
A11,… 視標(ランドルト環)
B 背景
Claims (12)
- 有彩色にて着色された複数の視標が背景中に表示されてなる色視機能測定手段であって、各視標を被検者が視認できるか否かを検査することに基づき該被検者の色視機能である色視力及び/又は色視野を測定することができる色視機能測定手段において、
前記複数の視標の全て、又は該複数の視標の内の少なくとも所定数の視標は、略同じ有彩色にて着色されてなり、
該視標の輝度は、前記背景の輝度とほぼ等しくなるように設定され、
前記有彩色についての色視力及び/又は色視野を測定できるように構成された、
ことを特徴とする色視機能測定手段。 - 前記背景は無彩色である、
ことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の色視機能測定手段。 - 前記複数の視標の全て、又は前記所定数の視標は、大きさが異なるように設定され、
各視標を被検者が視認できるか否かを検査することに基づき前記有彩色についての前記被検者の色視力を測定できるように構成された、
ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の色視機能測定手段。 - 前記複数の視標の全て、又は前記所定数の視標は、大きさが略等しくなるように設定され、
種々の位置に呈示される各視標を被検者が視認できるか否かを検査することに基づき前記有彩色についての前記被検者の色視野を測定できるように構成された、
ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の色視機能測定手段。 - 前記背景及び前記視標が表示される紙又は樹脂製シートである、
ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれか1項に記載の色視機能測定手段。 - 液晶ディスプレイ、プラズマディスプレイ、有機ELディスプレイ、及びCRTの内の少なくとも1つからなるディスプレイ部と、
前記背景を該ディスプレイ部に表示する背景表示部と、
所定の輝度、所定の色、及び所定の大きさの視標を前記ディスプレイ部に表示する視標表示部と、
を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれか1項に記載の色視機能測定手段。 - 前記視標表示部により前記視標を表示する時間を制限する表示時間制限部と、
該表示された視標を被検者が認識した旨の信号を出力する認識検知部と、
該認識検知部からの信号に基づき前記被検者の色視力及び/又は色視野を判定する色視機能判定部と、
を備えたことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の色視機能測定手段。 - 各色毎の視標表示時間を記憶する視標表示時間記憶部と、
前記視標表示部により前記視標を表示する時間を、前記視標表示時間記憶部に記憶されている各色毎の視標表示時間に制限する表示時間制限部と、
表示された視標を被検者が認識した旨の信号を出力する認識検知部と、
該認識検知部からの信号に基づき前記被検者の色視力及び/又は色視野を判定する色視機能判定部と、
を備えたことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の色視機能測定手段。 - 請求項1乃至9のいずれか1項に記載の色視機能測定手段により測定した色視機能についての測定結果を入力する色視機能測定結果入力手段と、
色味の影響を受けない通常視機能についての測定結果を入力する通常視機能測定結果入力手段と、
前記色視機能についての測定結果と前記通常視機能についての測定結果とを比較又は表示する測定結果比較表示手段と、
を備えたことを特徴とする色視機能測定システム。 - 請求項1乃至9のいずれか1項に記載の色視機能測定手段により測定した色視機能についての測定結果を入力する色視機能測定結果入力手段と、
該色視機能測定結果入力手段により入力された測定結果を、色度図上に三次元表示する測定結果表示手段と、
を備えたことを特徴とする色視機能測定システム。 - 請求項1乃至9のいずれか1項に記載の色視機能測定手段により測定した色視機能についての測定結果を入力する色視機能測定結果入力手段と、
前記色視機能測定手段により測定した被検者の年齢を入力する年齢入力手段と、
色視機能についての年齢別の基準データを保存する基準データ保存手段と、
前記年齢入力手段により入力された年齢データに基づき、前記基準データ保存手段から該年齢データに対応する基準データを抽出する基準データ抽出手段と、
前記色視機能測定結果入力手段により入力された測定結果と前記基準データ抽出手段により抽出された基準データとを比較するデータ比較手段と、
を備えたことを特徴とする色視機能測定システム。
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CN104706314A (zh) * | 2015-03-19 | 2015-06-17 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种视力检测装置及视力检测方法 |
US9693680B2 (en) | 2015-03-19 | 2017-07-04 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Vision testing apparatus and method |
JP6184046B1 (ja) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-08-23 | 株式会社中京メディカル | 検査装置及び検査方法 |
JP2018202090A (ja) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-12-27 | 株式会社中京メディカル | 検査装置及び検査方法 |
US10478057B2 (en) | 2017-06-09 | 2019-11-19 | Chukyo Medical Co., Inc. | Testing apparatus and testing method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2839771A4 (en) | 2015-12-23 |
US20150085258A1 (en) | 2015-03-26 |
JP6212034B2 (ja) | 2017-10-11 |
JPWO2013157573A1 (ja) | 2015-12-21 |
EP2839771A1 (en) | 2015-02-25 |
US9596985B2 (en) | 2017-03-21 |
EP2839771B1 (en) | 2021-09-15 |
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