WO2013153769A1 - エンジン制御装置 - Google Patents
エンジン制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013153769A1 WO2013153769A1 PCT/JP2013/002238 JP2013002238W WO2013153769A1 WO 2013153769 A1 WO2013153769 A1 WO 2013153769A1 JP 2013002238 W JP2013002238 W JP 2013002238W WO 2013153769 A1 WO2013153769 A1 WO 2013153769A1
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- fuel
- engine
- intake
- compression ratio
- valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0203—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves
- F02D13/0215—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves changing the valve timing only
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D15/00—Varying compression ratio
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
- F02D19/0642—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions
- F02D19/0647—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions the gaseous fuel being liquefied petroleum gas [LPG], liquefied natural gas [LNG], compressed natural gas [CNG] or dimethyl ether [DME]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0027—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures the fuel being gaseous
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
- F02D2041/001—Controlling intake air for engines with variable valve actuation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to an engine control device, and more particularly to an engine control device applied to an engine that can use two types of fuel having different octane numbers.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that in a gas engine using gaseous fuel as fuel, the temperature in the combustion chamber is lowered by closing the intake valve before intake bottom dead center. Thus, knocking that occurs when combustion propagates is prevented.
- Fuel properties at the time of injection differ between gasoline fuel and its alternative fuel.
- alternative fuels such as gaseous fuel and alcohol fuel have higher octane numbers than gasoline fuel and are less likely to knock, but have a lower energy density. It has characteristics.
- knocking is likely to occur when the other fuel is used.
- engine control is performed based on a fuel having a lower octane number (a higher energy density)
- the output of the engine is reduced when the other fuel is used.
- This disclosure aims to provide an engine control device capable of achieving both engine output securing and knocking suppression in an engine that can use two types of fuels having different octane numbers.
- the engine control device includes: a first injection unit that injects the first fuel that is a fuel having a higher octane number out of a first fuel and a second fuel having different octane numbers; And a second injection unit that injects the fuel.
- the engine control device is configured to supply an intake valve control unit that changes a closing timing of the intake valve of the engine based on an engine operating state, and to supply the first fuel alone or together with the second fuel to the engine.
- the intake valve control unit brings the valve closing timing closer to the intake bottom dead center of the engine and changes the actual compression ratio of the engine to the increase side.
- a compression ratio changing unit is configured to supply an intake valve control unit that changes a closing timing of the intake valve of the engine based on an engine operating state, and to supply the first fuel alone or together with the second fuel to the engine.
- the actual compression ratio of the engine is changed according to the octane number.
- gaseous fuel such as CNG fuel and hydrogen fuel (corresponding to the first fuel)
- liquid fuel such as gasoline fuel (corresponding to the second fuel)
- the former has an energy density compared to the latter. While it is difficult to ensure low engine output, it has a high octane number and is unlikely to knock. The latter is more likely to knock than the former, while ensuring engine output.
- FIG. 1 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of an engine control system.
- the flowchart which shows the procedure of a valve timing calculation process.
- the figure which shows the valve opening period of the intake valve at the time of gasoline use and CNG use.
- the flowchart which shows the procedure of the control at the time of fuel switching.
- the time chart which shows the specific aspect of valve
- the figure which shows the relationship between the usage-amount of the fuel about a dual fuel engine, and the valve closing time of an intake valve.
- the flowchart which shows the procedure of the valve timing calculation process of other embodiment.
- the time chart which shows the specific aspect of the engine control of other embodiment.
- an on-vehicle multi-cylinder for example, four cylinders
- CNG compressed natural gas
- gasoline that is a liquid fuel as a second fuel
- ECU electronice control unit
- the intake passage 11 is provided with a throttle valve 13 as an air amount adjusting unit whose opening is adjusted by a throttle actuator 12 such as a DC motor.
- the opening (throttle opening) of the throttle valve 13 is detected by a throttle opening sensor (not shown) built in the throttle actuator 12.
- the engine 10 includes a CNG injection valve 14 that injects gaseous fuel (CNG fuel) and a gasoline injection valve that injects liquid fuel (gasoline fuel) as fuel injection units that inject and supply fuel to each cylinder of the engine 10. 15 are provided.
- CNG fuel gaseous fuel
- gasoline injection valve liquid fuel
- fuel injection units that inject and supply fuel to each cylinder of the engine 10. 15 are provided.
- an intake port injection type engine is adopted, and the CNG injection valve 14 and the gasoline injection valve 15 are both provided in the vicinity of the intake port.
- the CNG injection valve 14 and the gasoline injection valve 15 are directly attached to the intake pipe of the engine 10.
- the intake port 16 and the exhaust port 17 of the engine 10 are provided with an intake valve 16 and an exhaust valve 17, respectively.
- the air / fuel mixture is introduced into the combustion chamber 18 by the opening operation of the intake valve 16, and the exhaust gas after combustion is discharged into the exhaust passage 19 by the opening operation of the exhaust valve 17.
- Each of the intake valve 16 and the exhaust valve 17 is provided with an intake-side valve drive mechanism 21 and an exhaust-side valve drive mechanism 22 as adjustment parts for adjusting the opening / closing timing of the intake and exhaust valves 16 and 17.
- Each valve drive mechanism 21, 22 adjusts the amount of advance (phase angle) of each camshaft on the intake side or exhaust side with respect to the crankshaft of the engine 10.
- the opening / closing timing of the intake valve 16 is changed to the advance side or the retard side, and according to the exhaust side valve drive mechanism 22, the opening / closing timing of the exhaust valve 17 is advanced or delayed. It is changed to the corner side.
- the intake side valve drive mechanism 21 and the exhaust side valve drive mechanism 22 are provided. However, only the intake side valve drive mechanism 21 may be provided.
- a spark plug 23 is attached to the cylinder head of the engine 10 for each cylinder.
- a high voltage is applied to the ignition plug 23 at a desired ignition timing through an ignition device including an ignition coil. By applying this high voltage, a spark discharge is generated between the opposing electrodes of each spark plug 23, and the air-fuel mixture introduced into the combustion chamber 18 is ignited and used for combustion.
- the exhaust passage 19 of the engine 10 is provided with a catalyst 24 for purifying CO, HC, NOx and the like in the exhaust gas.
- a three-way catalyst is used as the catalyst 24.
- O2 sensors 25 and 26 for detecting the oxygen concentration of the air-fuel mixture with exhaust as a detection target are provided.
- the gasoline injection valve 15 is connected to a gasoline tank 32 via a gasoline pipe 31.
- Gasoline fuel is stored in the gasoline tank 32.
- the gasoline fuel in the tank is pumped up by the feed pump 33, then supplied to the gasoline injection valve 15 through the fuel passage formed in the gasoline pipe 31, and injected from the gasoline injection valve 15.
- the CNG injection valve 14 is connected to a gas tank 35 via a gas pipe 34.
- the gas tank 35 is filled with CNG fuel in a high pressure state (for example, 20 MPa), and supplied to the CNG injection valve 14 through a gas passage formed in the gas pipe 34.
- the gas pipe 34 is provided with a regulator (pressure reducing valve) 36 for adjusting the pressure of the CNG fuel to be reduced.
- the regulator 36 is, for example, a mechanical drive type, and by depressurizing the high-pressure CNG fuel in the gas tank 35, the injection-side supply pressure that is the pressure of the fuel supplied to the CNG injection valve 14 is set to a predetermined supply pressure (eg, 0. 4 MPa).
- the regulator 36 may be an electromagnetic drive type capable of variably adjusting the injection side supply pressure by energization control.
- the gas pipe 34 is provided with a shut-off valve that allows or blocks the flow of CNG fuel in the gas passage.
- a plurality of shutoff valves are provided in the gas passage, and a first shutoff valve 37 provided integrally with the gas tank 35 and a second shutoff valve 38 provided integrally with the regulator 36 are provided. Is provided. These shut-off valves are electromagnetically driven, and are normally closed so as to shut off the flow of CNG fuel in the gas passage when not energized and allow the flow of CNG fuel in the gas passage when energized.
- This system includes a first pressure sensor 41 that detects the fuel pressure upstream of the regulator 36, a second pressure sensor 42 that detects the fuel pressure downstream of the regulator 36 (that is, the injection-side supply pressure), and the coolant temperature.
- a cooling water temperature sensor 43 for detecting, a crank angle sensor 44 for outputting a rectangular crank angle signal for each predetermined crank angle of the engine 10, and an intake pipe pressure sensor 45 for detecting the intake pipe pressure are attached.
- the system is provided with a fuel selection switch 46 that allows the driver to select the fuel to be used for combustion of the engine 10.
- the ECU 50 is mainly composed of a microcomputer 51 including a CPU, ROM, RAM, and the like, and executes various control programs stored in the ROM, thereby performing various controls of the engine 10 according to the engine operating state. carry out.
- the microcomputer 51 inputs detection signals from the various sensors described above, calculates the fuel injection amount, ignition timing, and the like based on the various detection signals, and outputs the CNG injection valve 14 and the gasoline injection. It controls the drive of the valve 15 and the ignition device.
- the microcomputer 51 selectively switches the fuel to be used according to the engine operating state, the fuel remaining amount in the tank, the input signal from the fuel selection switch 46, and the like. For example, when starting the engine, gasoline fuel can be used to ensure engine startability, and during idle operation, CNG fuel is used to suppress deterioration in fuel consumption. Further, when the remaining amount of CNG fuel in the gas tank 35 falls below a predetermined value, the gasoline fuel is preferentially used, and when the remaining amount of gasoline fuel in the gasoline tank 32 falls below a predetermined value, Preferential use of CNG fuel.
- CNG fuel has a higher octane number than gasoline fuel and is less likely to knock.
- CNG fuel has a lower energy density than gasoline fuel, and it is difficult to ensure engine output. Therefore, if various controls of the engine 10 are performed in the same manner with gasoline fuel and CNG fuel, the controllability of the engine 10 may be reduced. For example, in the control based on gasoline fuel, the output of the engine 10 is likely to be insufficient when CNG fuel is used. On the other hand, in the control based on CNG fuel, knocking is likely to occur when gasoline fuel is used. In particular, in vehicles using CNG fuel and gasoline fuel as fuel, an engine designed based on gasoline fuel is often used, and there is a problem that it is difficult to secure engine output when using CNG fuel. Prone to occur.
- the intake side valve drive mechanism 21 brings the closing timing of the intake valve 16 close to the intake bottom dead center of the engine 10 and changes the actual compression ratio of the engine 10 to the increase side.
- the actual compression ratio of the engine 10 is changed according to the type of fuel used and its composition.
- the actual compression ratio is changed by adjusting the intake return amount when part of the intake air once sucked into the cylinder in the intake stroke is returned to the intake passage 11 side in the compression stroke.
- gaseous fuel such as CNG fuel
- the gaseous fuel is lightweight, so the air-fuel mixture containing CNG fuel is easily sucked into other cylinders via the intake manifold. If the sucked fuel is used for combustion, the air-fuel ratio may be deteriorated. Therefore, from the viewpoint of optimizing the air-fuel ratio, it is desirable to change the actual compression ratio of the engine 10 by quickly closing the intake air (by setting the valve closing timing in the intake stroke) when using CNG fuel.
- the closing timing of the intake valve 16 is set to the advance side or the retard side with respect to the intake bottom dead center depending on whether the fuel used is gasoline fuel or CNG fuel. Change what you want. Specifically, in gasoline fuel, basically, the closing timing of the intake valve 16 is set to the retard side (in the compression stroke) from the intake bottom dead center. In the case of CNG fuel, the closing timing of the intake valve 16 is set to an advance side of the intake bottom dead center (in the intake stroke). Then, the actual compression ratio of the engine 10 is changed between gasoline fuel and CNG fuel according to the amount of deviation from the intake bottom dead center at the valve closing timing.
- the amount of deviation from the intake bottom dead center of the closing timing of the intake valve 16 is smaller than when using gasoline fuel, that is, the closing timing is close to the intake bottom dead center. By doing so, the actual compression ratio of the engine 10 is increased when the CNG fuel is used.
- the engine control of this embodiment will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS.
- the valve timing calculation process of the intake valve 16 will be described with reference to FIG. This process is executed at predetermined intervals by the microcomputer 51 of the ECU 50.
- step S101 the engine speed NE and the engine load (for example, the intake pipe pressure detected by the intake pipe pressure sensor 45) are read as parameters relating to the engine operating state.
- step S102 the target phase angle (gasoline target phase angle ⁇ tg) of the camshaft on the intake valve 16 side when the fuel used is gasoline fuel is calculated based on the read engine rotation speed and engine load.
- the relationship between the engine rotation speed, the engine load, and the gasoline target phase angle ⁇ tg is stored in advance as a setting map, and the microcomputer 51 uses the map to read the read engine rotation speed and engine load.
- the gasoline target phase angle ⁇ tg corresponding to is read out.
- the map basically, the gasoline target phase angle ⁇ tg in each engine operating state is set so that the closing timing of the intake valve 16 is retarded from the intake bottom dead center.
- step S103 it is determined whether CNG fuel is selected as the fuel to be used. If the fuel used is gasoline fuel, this process is terminated.
- the process proceeds to step S104, and the target phase angle (CNG target phase angle ⁇ tc) of the camshaft on the intake valve 16 side when the used fuel is CNG fuel is calculated.
- the CNG target phase angle ⁇ tc is set so that the closing timing of the intake valve 16 is closer to the intake bottom dead center than when gasoline fuel is used. As shown in FIG. 3, the closing timing of the intake valve 16 is advanced from the intake bottom dead center. That is, the advance amount ⁇ c from the intake bottom dead center when using the CNG fuel is smaller than the retardation amount ⁇ g from the intake bottom dead center when using the gasoline fuel.
- the valve closing timing of the intake valve 16 is changed to change the actual compression ratio of the engine 10 to the decreasing side, After the change is completed, the fuel used is switched from CNG fuel to gasoline fuel. By doing so, the occurrence of knocking at the time of fuel switching is suppressed.
- the closing timing of the intake valve 16 is changed to change the actual compression ratio of the engine 10 to the increase side To do. By doing so, under the situation where the actual compression ratio of the engine 10 is high, the engine combustion by the gasoline fuel is avoided and the occurrence of knocking is suppressed.
- the switching delay of the used fuel is suppressed, and the fuel is switched to the fuel corresponding to the switching request as early as possible.
- valve timing control and ignition timing control (control during fuel switching) at the time of switching the fuel used will be described with reference to FIG. This process is executed at predetermined intervals by the microcomputer 51 of the ECU 50.
- step S201 it is determined whether there is a switching request for switching the fuel to be used from gasoline fuel to CNG fuel based on the engine operating state and the input signal from the fuel selection switch 46 (second determination unit).
- step S201 it progresses to step S202 and switches the use fuel from gasoline fuel to CNG fuel (2nd switching part). That is, the output target of the injection command value calculated based on the engine operating state is changed from the gasoline injection valve 15 to the CNG injection valve 14.
- step S203 the closing timing of the intake valve 16 is changed to a side closer to the intake bottom dead center (compression ratio changing unit). Specifically, after the fuel to be used is switched from gasoline fuel to CNG fuel, the intake side valve drive mechanism 21 is driven to change the target phase angle of the cam shaft of the intake valve 16 from the gasoline target phase angle ⁇ tg to the CNG target. The phase angle is changed to ⁇ tc. Further, the ignition timing of the engine 10 is changed to the advance side by a predetermined angle during the period from the start of change of the closing timing of the intake valve 16 to the end of change (ignition control unit).
- the ignition timing is changed in accordance with the change in the closing timing of the intake valve 16 for the following reason. That is, the optimum ignition timing is different between CNG fuel and gasoline fuel, and the optimum ignition timing when the engine is operated using CNG fuel is more advanced than the gasoline fuel. Therefore, it is preferable to change the ignition timing when switching the fuel to be used. In this case, it is desirable to gradually change the ignition timing from the viewpoint of maintaining the stability of the engine output. Ignition before switching the fuel to be used when the fuel to be used is switching from the fuel (gasoline fuel) whose optimal ignition timing is relatively retarded to the other fuel (CNG fuel) If the time is changed, knocking is likely to occur. Therefore, in the present embodiment, when switching from gasoline fuel to CNG fuel in order to avoid occurrence of knocking, the ignition timing is advanced during the period when the valve closing timing of the intake valve 16 is changed after the fuel switching is completed. Trying to change to the side.
- step S201 If there is no request for switching from gasoline fuel to CNG fuel, step S201 is No, and the process proceeds to step S204, where it is determined whether or not there is a request to switch gasoline fuel from CNG fuel (first determination unit).
- step S204 it progresses to step S205 and changes the valve closing timing of the intake valve 16 in the direction away from the intake bottom dead center (compression ratio changing unit).
- the intake side valve drive mechanism 21 is driven to change the camshaft target phase angle of the intake valve 16 from the CNG target phase angle ⁇ tc to the gasoline.
- the target phase angle is changed to ⁇ tg.
- step S205 the ignition timing of the engine 10 is changed to the retard side by a predetermined angle during the period from the start of change of the closing timing of the intake valve 16 to the end of change (ignition control unit).
- the optimal ignition timing is switched from the fuel that is relatively advanced (CNG fuel) to the other fuel (gasoline fuel)
- the fuel is switched before the ignition timing is changed to the retarded angle. If this is performed, engine combustion with gasoline fuel is performed before the change of the ignition timing to the retard side is completed. In this case, there is a concern that knocking is likely to occur. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the ignition timing is changed to the retarded side in the period in which the valve closing timing of the intake valve 16 is changed before the use fuel is switched.
- step S206 it is determined whether or not the change to the gasoline target phase angle ⁇ tg by the intake side valve drive mechanism 21 has been completed. At this time, the determination may be made based on the sensor detection value, or may be made based on the elapsed time from the start of the camshaft phase angle change by the intake side valve drive mechanism 21. If step S206 becomes Yes, it will progress to step S207 and will change the use fuel from gasoline fuel to CNG fuel (1st switching part). That is, the output target of the injection command value calculated based on the engine operating state is changed from the CNG injection valve 14 to the gasoline injection valve 15.
- the closing timing of the intake valve 16 is set to an advance side of the intake bottom dead center and in the vicinity of the intake bottom dead center (see FIG. 3).
- the ignition timing is changed to the advance side in the period from the start of change of the valve closing timing of the intake valve 16 (t11) to the end of the change.
- the ignition timing of the engine 10 is changed to the optimal ignition timing when the CNG fuel is used (to the ignition timing at which the output torque of the engine 10 is maximized).
- the used fuel is not switched and the fuel injection by the CNG injection valve 14 is continued. Then, the target phase angle of the intake valve 16 is changed from the CNG target phase angle ⁇ tc to the gasoline target phase angle ⁇ tg, and the valve closing timing of the intake valve 16 is changed. Further, the ignition timing is changed to the retard side during the period from the start of change of the closing timing of the intake valve 16 (t12) to the end of the change. As a result, the ignition timing of the engine 10 is changed to the optimal ignition timing when using gasoline fuel (to the ignition timing at which the output torque of the engine 10 is maximized). Then, at timing t13 when the change to the gasoline target phase angle ⁇ tg by the intake side valve drive mechanism 21 is completed, the used fuel is switched from CNG fuel to gasoline fuel.
- the intake side valve drive mechanism 21 brings the closing timing of the intake valve 16 closer to the intake bottom dead center of the engine 10 than when supplying gasoline fuel.
- the actual compression ratio is changed to the increasing side.
- engine output can be secured while suppressing occurrence of knocking.
- gasoline fuel knocking can be suppressed while ensuring engine output. Therefore, according to the above configuration, in the engine 10 that can use CNG fuel and gasoline fuel as fuel, it is possible to achieve both engine output securing and knocking suppression.
- the closing timing of the intake valve 16 is changed in a direction away from the intake bottom dead center, and after the change is completed, the fuel used is changed to CNG fuel. From gasoline to gasoline fuel. According to this configuration, it is possible to avoid engine combustion with gasoline fuel in a state where the actual compression ratio of the engine 10 is still high, thereby causing knocking at the time of fuel switching. Can be suppressed.
- the closing timing of the intake valve 16 is changed to a direction closer to the intake bottom dead center. According to this configuration, it is possible to avoid engine combustion with gasoline fuel in a state where the actual compression ratio of the engine 10 is high, thereby suppressing occurrence of knocking at the time of fuel switching. be able to. In addition, it is possible to suppress the switching delay of the used fuel, and to switch to the fuel corresponding to the switching request as early as possible.
- the ignition timing of the engine 10 is changed in accordance with the period from the start of change of the closing timing of the intake valve 16 to the end of change.
- the fuel used was switched from the fuel (gasoline fuel) whose optimal ignition timing is relatively retarded to the other fuel (CNG fuel)
- the fuel used was switched. Later, the ignition timing is changed to the advance side.
- the optimal ignition timing is switching from the fuel that is relatively advanced (CNG fuel) to the other fuel (gasoline fuel)
- the ignition timing should be delayed before switching the fuel used.
- the configuration is changed to the corner side. According to this configuration, it is possible to suitably suppress the occurrence of knocking when the ignition timing is changed due to the change of the fuel used.
- the closing timing of the intake valve 16 is set to an advance side with respect to the intake bottom dead center, and the actual compression ratio of the engine 10 is changed. By doing so, when the actual compression ratio of the engine 10 is changed, compared to the case where the intake air intake valve 11 is partially closed during the intake stroke and is returned to the intake passage 11 side during the compression stroke.
- the air-fuel ratio can be optimized.
- the case where the present disclosure is applied to a bi-fuel engine that selectively uses CNG fuel as the first fuel and gasoline fuel as the second fuel has been described.
- the actual compression of the engine 10 is changed by changing the valve closing timing of the intake valve 16 to the side closer to the intake bottom dead center of the engine 10 as the use ratio of the first fuel relative to the total amount of used fuel increases. Try to increase the ratio.
- the first fuel is CNG fuel and the second fuel is gasoline fuel, as shown in FIG.
- the intake air The first angle ⁇ 1 retarded from the bottom dead center is set as the closing timing of the intake valve 16, and the advance timing side of the first angle ⁇ 1 is set closer to the closing timing of the intake valve 16 as the CNG fuel usage rate increases.
- the second angle ⁇ 2 closer to the intake bottom dead center than the first angle ⁇ 1 is set as the closing timing of the intake valve 16.
- valve closing timing As the configuration of changing the closing timing of the intake valve 16 to the side closer to the intake bottom dead center as the usage ratio of the first fuel increases, the valve closing timing is changed to a linear shape as shown in FIG. In addition, a plurality of valve closing timings may be determined, and the valve closing timing close to the intake bottom dead center may be switched as the usage ratio of the first fuel increases.
- the change timing of the use ratio is: It may be before or after the actual compression ratio of the engine 10 is changed. Or the structure which changes the usage-amount of fuel in the middle of the change of the actual compression ratio of the engine 10 may be sufficient. In this case, the smaller the usage ratio of the first fuel (the higher the usage ratio of the second fuel), the later the change timing of the fuel usage ratio is from the start of changing the actual compression ratio (the actual compression ratio is sufficient). (Decreased timing) is desirable.
- the ignition timing may also be changed according to the usage ratio of the first fuel (CNG fuel). Specifically, the ignition timing may be set to the advance side as the usage ratio of the first fuel increases.
- the ignition timing is changed in accordance with the switching of the fuel used.
- the second fuel is used regardless of the type of fuel used and its usage ratio. It is good also as ignition timing (for example, optimal ignition timing) at the time of engine operation used.
- the closing timing of the intake valve 16 is set to the advance side with respect to the intake bottom dead center. May also be set on the retard side.
- the amount of retardation with respect to the intake bottom dead center is made smaller than when gasoline fuel is used.
- the actual compression ratio can be made higher than the time.
- the closing timing of the intake valve 16 may be set to an advance side from the intake bottom dead center both when using CNG fuel and when using gasoline fuel. In that case, in the same operation region, when using CNG fuel, the closing timing of the intake valve 16 is set to a more retarded side than when gasoline fuel is used. By approaching the point, the actual compression ratio of the engine 10 is increased.
- the configuration is such that a change to the increase side of the actual compression ratio of 10 is prohibited.
- the output of the engine 10 is small when it is cold. Therefore, even if the actual compression ratio of the engine 10 is increased, the NV characteristics (noise / vibration characteristics) are hardly deteriorated.
- the engine output increases excessively due to the increase in the actual compression ratio of the engine 10, and as a result, there is a concern that the NV characteristics deteriorate. Therefore, the above configuration can prevent the driver from feeling uncomfortable when starting the engine.
- a load determination unit that determines whether or not the engine operation state is a predetermined low-load operation state, and when the first fuel is supplied to the engine 10 alone or together with the second fuel, the predetermined low-load operation is performed.
- the engine 10 is prohibited from changing to the increase side of the actual compression ratio. That is, in this configuration, considering that the need for securing the output is low during low-load operation of the engine 10, the pump loss due to the suppression of the actual compression ratio is lower than the securing of the output by improving the actual compression ratio of the engine 10. Prioritize reduction and improvement of fuel and air mixing to improve fuel efficiency.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of valve timing calculation processing of the intake valve 16 in a system including a start determination unit and a load determination unit. This process is executed at predetermined intervals by the microcomputer 51 of the ECU 50.
- the same processing as in FIG. 2 is denoted by the step number of FIG. 2, and the description thereof is omitted.
- step S303 the same processing as in steps S101 to S103 in FIG. 2 is executed.
- CNG fuel is selected as the fuel to be used
- step S304 it is determined whether or not the engine 10 has been restarted after warming up.
- An affirmative determination is made when the start switch (ignition switch) of the engine 10 is switched from OFF to ON and the engine coolant temperature detected by the coolant temperature sensor 43 at that time is equal to or higher than a predetermined value.
- step S305 it is determined whether or not the engine operating state is a predetermined low-load operating state.
- a positive determination is made when the engine load (intake air amount) is equal to or less than a predetermined value.
- the engine load is calculated based on the detection value of the intake pipe pressure sensor 45. If it is determined in step S304 that the engine is restarting after warm-up, or if it is determined in step S305 that the vehicle is in a predetermined low-load operation state, the process in step S306 (step S104 in FIG. 2 above) is performed. This processing is terminated without performing the same processing. In this case, CNG fuel is selected as the fuel to be used, but the target phase angle of the camshaft of the intake valve 16 is set to the target phase angle ⁇ tg for gasoline.
- the engine 10 is automatically stopped when a predetermined automatic stop condition is satisfied, and after the automatic stop of the engine 10, an idle stop control for restarting the engine 10 when the predetermined restart condition is satisfied is performed.
- the target phase angle of the camshaft of the intake valve 16 is set to the target phase angle ⁇ tg for gasoline by making an affirmative determination in step S304. Good.
- the existing gasoline engine having only the gasoline injection valve 15 as a fuel injection unit may be changed to a system capable of injecting two types of fuel by installing a gas fuel supply unit.
- the present disclosure can also be applied to such a system.
- an injection pipe 47 is connected to the tip of the CNG injection valve 14, and the injection pipe 47 is provided in the intake pipe.
- the gaseous fuel injected from the CNG injection valve 14 is injected into the intake port of the engine 10 through the injection pipe 47.
- the engine control in the system of FIG. 9 will be described using the time chart of FIG.
- fuel injection by the gasoline injection valve 15 is stopped at the request timing t21, and fuel injection by the CNG injection valve 14 is performed.
- the target phase angle of the camshaft on the intake valve 16 side is changed from the gasoline target phase angle ⁇ tg to the CNG target phase angle ⁇ tc.
- the target phase angle is set to the retarded side from the intake bottom dead center, and after switching to CNG fuel, the target phase angle is set to the advanced side from the intake bottom dead center.
- the ignition timing and the fuel injection end timing are gradually changed to the advance side, and the ignition coil in the ignition device 27 is energized. Increase the time gradually.
- CNG fuel requires a larger ignition energy than gasoline fuel.
- the energization time of the ignition coil is made longer when using CNG fuel than when gasoline fuel is used.
- the fuel used by the CNG injection valve 14 is continued without switching the fuel used at the request timing t22.
- the target phase angle of the intake valve 16 is changed from the CNG target phase angle ⁇ tc to the gasoline target phase angle ⁇ tg. Further, during the period from the start of change of the target phase angle of the intake valve 16 (t22) to the end of change, the ignition timing and the fuel injection end timing are gradually changed to the retard side, and the ignition coil energization in the ignition device 27 is performed. Reduce the time gradually. Then, at timing t23 when the change to the gasoline target phase angle ⁇ tg by the intake side valve drive mechanism 21 is completed, the used fuel is switched from CNG fuel to gasoline fuel.
- the first fuel is at least one of the energization time of the ignition coil and the fuel injection end timing. You may change according to a usage rate. Specifically, the larger the usage ratio of the first fuel, the longer the energization time of the ignition coil, or the injection end timing in the CNG injection valve 14 is set to the advance side.
- the gaseous fuel as the first fuel is CNG fuel and the liquid fuel as the second fuel is gasoline fuel has been described, but the types of the gaseous fuel and the liquid fuel are limited to the above. do not do.
- hydrogen fuel, DME fuel, or the like can be used as the gaseous fuel
- alcohol fuel, diesel fuel, or the like can be used as the liquid fuel.
- the present invention can also be applied to an engine in which both the second fuel and the second fuel are liquid fuels, and an engine in which both the first fuel and the second fuel are gaseous fuels.
- the present invention can be applied to an engine that uses alcohol fuel (first fuel) and gasoline fuel (second fuel) as fuel.
- first fuel first fuel
- second fuel gasoline fuel
- the present invention can be applied to an engine that uses alcohol fuel (first fuel) and gasoline fuel (second fuel) as fuel.
- the closing timing of the intake valve 16 is set to the bottom dead center of the intake of the engine 10 compared to when the gasoline fuel is used. By approaching, it is set as the structure which changes the actual compression ratio of the engine 10 to the increase side.
- the intake valve driving mechanism 21 is configured to adjust the valve closing timing by variably controlling the phase angle of the opening / closing timing of the intake valve 16, but the operating angle of the intake valve 16 is variably controlled.
- the valve closing timing may be adjusted.
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Abstract
Description
(1)吸気バルブ16の閉弁時期について、吸気下死点に対する進角量を変更する、つまり吸気中に閉弁する方法(吸気早閉じ)、
(2)吸気バルブ16の閉弁時期について、吸気下死点に対する遅角量を変更する、つまり圧縮開始後に閉弁する方法(吸気遅閉じ)、
が挙げられる。ここで、吸気早閉じの場合には、吸気バルブ16を閉じた状態で、シリンダ容積をクランク軸の回転によって容積増大側に変化させることとなり、エンジン10に余分な負荷がかかってしまう。したがって、エンジン出力確保の観点からすると、吸気遅閉じにより(圧縮行程に閉弁時期を設定して)エンジン10の実圧縮比の変更を行うことが望ましい。
本開示は上記実施形態の記載内容に限定されず、例えば次のように実施されてもよい。
Claims (8)
- オクタン価がそれぞれ異なる第1の燃料と第2の燃料とのうち、オクタン価が高い方の燃料である前記第1の燃料を噴射する第1噴射部(14)と、前記第2の燃料を噴射する第2噴射部(15)と、により燃料が供給されるエンジン(10)に適用され、
エンジン運転状態に基づいて前記エンジンの吸気弁(16)の閉弁時期を変更する吸気弁制御部と、
前記第1の燃料を単独で又は前記第2の燃料と共に前記エンジンに供給する場合に、前記第2の燃料を単独で供給する場合に比べて、前記吸気弁制御部により前記閉弁時期を前記エンジンの吸気下死点に近付けて前記エンジンの実圧縮比を増大側に変更する圧縮比変更部と、
を備えることを特徴とするエンジン制御装置。 - 前記第1の燃料と前記第2の燃料とを選択的に使用するエンジンに適用され、
使用燃料を前記第1の燃料から前記第2の燃料に切り替える切替要求があったか否かを判定する第1判定部と、
前記使用燃料を前記第1の燃料から前記第2の燃料に切り替える第1切替部と、
を備え、
前記圧縮比変更部は、前記第1判定部により前記切替要求があったと判定された場合に、前記吸気弁制御部により前記閉弁時期を前記吸気下死点から離して前記エンジンの実圧縮比を減少側に変更し、
前記第1切替部は、前記圧縮比変更部による前記エンジンの実圧縮比の変更が完了した後に前記使用燃料を切り替える請求項1に記載のエンジン制御装置。 - 前記第1の燃料と前記第2の燃料とを選択的に使用するエンジンに適用され、
使用燃料を前記第2の燃料から前記第1の燃料に切り替える切替要求があったか否かを判定する第2判定部と、
前記使用燃料を前記第2の燃料から前記第1の燃料に切り替える第2切替部と、を備え、
前記第2切替部は、前記第2判定部により前記切替要求があったと判定された場合に前記使用燃料を切り替え、
前記圧縮比変更部は、前記第2切替部により前記使用燃料を切り替えた後に、前記吸気弁制御部により前記閉弁時期を前記吸気下死点に近付けて前記エンジンの実圧縮比を増大側に変更する請求項1又は2に記載のエンジン制御装置。 - 使用燃料の切り替えの際に、前記吸気弁制御部による前記閉弁時期の変更開始から変更終了までの期間に、前記エンジンの点火時期を変更する点火制御部を備える請求項2又は3に記載のエンジン制御装置。
- 前記第1の燃料は気体燃料であり、前記第2の燃料は液体燃料であり、
前記圧縮比変更部は、使用燃料が前記気体燃料である場合に、前記閉弁時期を、前記吸気下死点よりも進角側であって、かつ使用燃料が前記液体燃料である場合よりも前記吸気下死点に近付けることで、前記エンジンの実圧縮比を増大側に変更する請求項2乃至4のいずれか一項に記載のエンジン制御装置。 - 前記第1の燃料と前記第2の燃料との使用割合を変更しつつそれらの燃料を前記第1噴射部及び前記第2噴射部により同時に供給可能なエンジンに適用され、
前記圧縮比変更部は、前記第1の燃料の使用割合が大きいほど、前記閉弁時期を前記吸気下死点に近付ける請求項1に記載のエンジン制御装置。 - 前記エンジンの暖機後の再始動時であるか否かを判定する始動判定部を備え、
前記第1の燃料を単独で又は前記第2の燃料と共に前記エンジンに供給する場合において、前記始動判定部により前記エンジンの暖機後の再始動時であると判定された時には、前記圧縮比変更部による前記エンジンの実圧縮比の増大側への変更を禁止する請求項1乃至6のいずれか一項に記載のエンジン制御装置。 - 前記エンジンの運転状態が所定の低負荷運転状態であるか否かを判定する負荷判定部を備え、
前記第1の燃料を単独で又は前記第2の燃料と共に前記エンジンに供給する場合において、前記負荷判定部により前記所定の低負荷運転状態であると判定された時には、前記圧縮比変更部による前記エンジンの実圧縮比の増大側への変更を禁止する請求項1乃至7のいずれか一項に記載のエンジン制御装置。
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KR101655766B1 (ko) * | 2014-12-10 | 2016-09-08 | 현대오트론 주식회사 | 바이퓨얼 엔진의 노킹 제어 방법 |
CN104763542A (zh) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-07-08 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | 混合燃料发动机的控制方法、控制系统及车辆 |
JP6471041B2 (ja) * | 2015-05-28 | 2019-02-13 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 火花点火機関の噴射制御装置 |
DE102017207419A1 (de) * | 2017-05-03 | 2018-11-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben eines Verbrennungsmotors mit einstellbarem Verdichtungsverhältnis |
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