WO2013145335A1 - クローズドドレン回収システム - Google Patents
クローズドドレン回収システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013145335A1 WO2013145335A1 PCT/JP2012/061378 JP2012061378W WO2013145335A1 WO 2013145335 A1 WO2013145335 A1 WO 2013145335A1 JP 2012061378 W JP2012061378 W JP 2012061378W WO 2013145335 A1 WO2013145335 A1 WO 2013145335A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- drain
- steam
- tank
- makeup water
- valve
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D11/00—Feed-water supply not provided for in other main groups
- F22D11/02—Arrangements of feed-water pumps
- F22D11/06—Arrangements of feed-water pumps for returning condensate to boiler
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/28—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters for direct heat transfer, e.g. by mixing water and steam
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
- F28B1/02—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using water or other liquid as the cooling medium
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a drain recovery system that recovers high-temperature drain generated by a load device in a drain tank and supplies the recovered drain to a steam boiler for use.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-076025 for which it applied to Japan on March 29, 2012, and uses the content here.
- a closed drain recovery system is known that fundamentally solves this problem, as shown in Patent Document 2, in which drain is recovered in a sealed drain tank and supplied to a steam boiler for use. Since this closed drain recovery system prevents the flash steam generated in the drain tank from being released into the atmosphere without recovering heat, the effective drain recovery rate can be improved. This can be expected to further improve the recovery rate by increasing the capacity of the drain tank with respect to the drain return amount.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a closed drain recovery system that can realize downsizing of the drain tank without reducing the effective drain recovery rate.
- This invention was made in order to solve the said subject, and invention of Claim 1 stores the drain discharged
- a closed drain recovery system comprising: a sealed drain tank that supplies the drainage stored through the drain supply line to the steam boiler; and an open-type supply water tank that supplies the makeup water to the drain tank through the makeup water line.
- a steam introduction line for introducing the first flash steam in the drain tank into the makeup water tank A surplus drain introduction line for introducing surplus drain from the drain tank or from the load device into the makeup water tank;
- a condensing device is provided in the makeup water tank and condenses the first flush steam and / or the second flush steam generated from the surplus drain by bringing it into contact with makeup water in the makeup water tank. Yes.
- the condensing device condenses the first flash steam and / or the second flash steam generated from the surplus drain in contact with the makeup water in the makeup water tank.
- the drain tank can be reduced in size while preventing a reduction in the effective drain recovery rate due to the escape of flash vapor into the atmosphere.
- the invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the condensing device makes contact with the first flush steam and / or the second flush steam while circulating makeup water in the makeup water tank. It is characterized by being configured.
- the make-up water temperature in the make-up water tank can be made uniform below 100 ° C., and the lower temperature in the lower part of the tank is relatively low. As a result, it is possible to condense more flash vapor, and the drain tank can be further miniaturized.
- the invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 2, wherein the condensing device includes a mixing unit and a circulation unit.
- the mixing means includes a water sprinkler, and a mixing section that contacts the first flush steam and / or the second flash steam with makeup water sprinkled from the sprinkler and condenses the condensed water of the mixing section.
- a water guide portion that leads into the liquid phase portion of the makeup water tank
- the circulation means includes a circulation pump, and includes a circulation line that guides makeup water in the lower portion of the makeup water tank to the watering device.
- the mixing means facilitates the contact between the flash steam and make-up water, and the flash steam is efficiently condensed.
- the drain tank can be further miniaturized.
- the invention described in claim 4 is characterized in that, in claim 3, a contact heat exchange member of makeup water and steam is provided in the mixing section.
- the contact efficiency of flash steam and makeup water can be increased, and the flash steam can be condensed more efficiently.
- the drain tank can be further miniaturized.
- the invention according to claim 5 comprises the steam introduction line and the surplus drain introduction line in claim 1 to claim 4,
- the condensing device is provided at a connection portion of the makeup water tank of the steam introduction line and the excess drain introduction line.
- the first flash steam and the second flash steam can be condensed, and the drain tank can be further There is an effect that the size can be further reduced.
- the invention according to claim 6 is the first valve that can be opened and closed provided in the drain return line in claims 1 to 5, An excess drain introduction line connected between the upstream side of the first valve of the drain return line and the makeup water tank; A second valve that can be opened and closed provided in the surplus drain introduction line, A first open / close state in which the first valve is opened and the second valve is closed, and a second open / close state in which the first valve is closed and the second valve is opened are selectable. In the second open / close state, surplus drain is introduced into the makeup water tank.
- the second open / close state is set in the second open / close state at the time of an abnormality in which the drain cannot be stored in the drain tank.
- the drain can be introduced into the makeup water tank, and the second flash vapor generated by the introduction can be condensed, and the drain tank can be further miniaturized.
- the invention according to claim 7 is the invention according to claim 6, wherein the condensing device provided in the surplus drain introduction line has a steam separating section for separating the steam by colliding the inflow surplus drain with the separation plate. It is provided below the contact heat exchange member.
- the steam in addition to the effect of the sixth aspect of the invention, the steam can be effectively separated from the two-phase flow drain of the surplus drain introduction line, and the separated steam and makeup water Condensation due to contact with water can be promoted, and the drain tank can be further miniaturized.
- Example 1 of the drain collection system It is a schematic block diagram by the cross section of the condensing apparatus of the Example 1.
- FIG. It is a flowchart figure explaining the control program of the 1st valve of the Example 1.
- FIG. It is a flowchart figure explaining the control program of the 2nd valve of the Example 1.
- FIG. It is a flowchart figure explaining the control program of the makeup water pump of Example 1.
- FIG. It is a flowchart figure explaining the control program of the 3rd valve of the Example 1.
- FIG. It is a flowchart figure explaining the control program of the 4th valve of the Example 1.
- FIG. It is a flowchart figure explaining the control program of the 5th valve of the Example 1.
- FIG. It is a flowchart figure explaining the control program of the circulation pump of the Example 1.
- FIG. It is a schematic block diagram by the cross section which shows the condensing apparatus of Example 2 of the drain collection
- Example 3 of the drain collection system which implemented this invention.
- Example 4 of the drain collection system which implemented this invention.
- the embodiment of the present invention is a closed drain recovery system that supplies drain steam collected from load equipment that is steam using equipment of a steam boiler to a steam boiler and uses it (hereinafter, it is not necessary to distinguish from an open drain recovery system, (It is simply referred to as a drain recovery system).
- the drainage recovery system of this embodiment includes a steam boiler that supplies steam to the load equipment, and a hermetic seal that stores drain discharged from the load equipment through the drain return line and supplies the drain stored through the drain supply line to the steam boiler.
- the drain recovery system further includes a steam introduction line for introducing the first flush steam in the drain tank into the makeup water tank, and a surplus drain introduction line for introducing excess drain from the drain tank or load equipment into the makeup water tank. It has.
- the surplus drain means the drain that leads from the drain tank to the makeup water tank when the drain cannot be introduced into the drain tank, for example, when the water level in the drain tank exceeds the set water level.
- the steam introduction line includes a valve that opens when the pressure in the drain tank exceeds the set pressure or when the water level in the drain tank exceeds the set water level.
- the surplus drain introduction line includes the following two forms.
- a 1st form comprises the surplus drain indirect recovery means which guides a surplus drain to a make-up water tank via a drain tank.
- the second form constitutes a surplus drain direct recovery means for guiding surplus drain from the drain return line to the make-up water tank without going through the drain tank.
- the surplus drain introduction line is provided with an on-off valve that controls the flow of surplus drain into the makeup water tank.
- a drain return line is provided with an on-off valve that controls the inflow of drain into the drain tank.
- the replenishing water tank is provided with a condensing device for bringing the second flash steam generated from the first flush steam and the surplus drain into contact with the replenishing water in the replenishing water tank for condensation.
- a condensing device for bringing the second flash steam generated from the first flush steam and the surplus drain into contact with the replenishing water in the replenishing water tank for condensation.
- the first condensing device for condensing the first flash vapor and the second condensing device for condensing the second flash vapor are separate condensing devices, but may be a single condensing device. it can.
- the first flash steam and the second flash steam are condensed in contact with the make-up water by the condensing device, and are recovered in the make-up water in the make-up water tank.
- the drain tank can be reduced in capacity and size as compared with a system without a condensing device.
- flash steam is generated when the first flash steam and / or the second flash steam comes into contact with makeup water.
- this flash steam is the first flash steam and / or the second flash. It shall be included in the steam.
- either the first condensing device or the second condensing device may not be provided.
- a condensing device corresponding to the first flash steam or the second flash steam having a smaller generation amount is not provided. By doing so, it is possible to increase the amount of flash vapor recovered as a whole system. Increasing the recovery rate of flash steam leads to downsizing of the drain tank.
- the condensing device is preferably configured to contact and mix with the first flash steam and / or the second flash steam while circulating make-up water in the make-up water tank.
- circulating the make-up water in the make-up water tank preferably, one end is connected to the lower part of the make-up water tank, the other end is connected to the contact mixing part with the flash steam, and the make-up water is supplied by a circulation line having a circulation pump. Shall be circulated.
- the contact portion of the make-up water with the first flash steam and / or the second flash steam becomes hot.
- the temperature is 100 ° C. or higher, the flash vapor cannot be condensed and recovered.
- the make-up water temperature in the make-up water tank can be made uniform at a relatively low temperature of less than 100 ° C, and more flash steam is condensed. Can be recovered.
- the first flash steam is brought into contact with the make-up water in the first condensing device and guided into the make-up water tank, so that the first flash steam can be more reliably compared to the case where the first flash steam is led directly to the make-up water in the make-up water tank. Can be brought into contact with the low-temperature water in the tank.
- the condensing device preferably includes a mixing unit and a circulating unit.
- the mixing means includes a water sprinkler for sprinkling makeup water, and a mixing section (referred to as a contact mixing section) for bringing the first flash steam and / or the second flash steam into contact with the makeup water sprinkled from the sprinkler to condense. And a water guide part for guiding the condensed water in the mixing part into the liquid phase part of the makeup water tank.
- the circulation means includes a circulation pump, and includes a circulation line that guides makeup water in the lower portion of the makeup water tank to the watering device.
- the water spray function of the sprinkler of the mixing means makes it easy for the flash steam and make-up water to come into contact with each other, so that the flash steam can be efficiently condensed.
- Sprinklers include those that eject makeup water in a shower or mist.
- a second water sprinkler for watering the drain can be provided in the mixing section of the second condenser. If comprised in this way, the opportunity of a contact with drain and makeup water will increase in a mixing part, and it will become easy to contact the 2nd flash steam and makeup water which generate
- a contact heat exchange member (which can be referred to as a contact heat exchange promotion member) that promotes contact between makeup water and flash steam is provided in the mixing section.
- the makeup water from a 1st water sprinkler is guide
- steam is guide
- This contact heat exchange member has air permeability and water permeability, and has a function of promoting contact heat exchange between makeup water sprayed inside and flush steam, and preferably a demister can be used.
- the demister refers to one having a function of atomizing make-up water with a mesh-like member to increase the contact area with flash steam and slowing the fall speed of the make-up water.
- the contact heat exchange member is not limited to a demister, and an eliminator used for a cooling tower having a function similar to this demister can be used.
- the mist make-up water from the sprinkler is collected in the contact heat exchange member, the fall speed is reduced, thereby increasing the chance of contact with the flash steam and cooling the flash steam. , Condensation is effected effectively.
- the surplus drain direct recovery means includes a first valve that can be opened and closed provided in the drain return line, an upstream side of the first valve in the drain return line, and a makeup water tank. And a surplus drain introduction line connected between the two and a second valve that can be opened and closed provided in the surplus drain introduction line. Then, a first open / close state in which the first valve is opened and the second valve is closed and a second open / close state in which the first valve is closed and the second valve is opened can be selected. It is configured to be introduced into the makeup water tank via a condenser.
- surplus drain direct recovery means By setting the second open / close state when there is an abnormality in which the drain tank cannot accommodate the drain, surplus drain that cannot be accommodated in the drain tank can be transferred to the makeup water tank without going through the drain tank. Can be introduced. As a result, the drain tank can be reduced in size compared to a system that guides excess drain directly to the drain tank. And condensation of the 2nd flash vapor which arises by introduction is performed in a condensation device, and the 2nd flash vapor can be collected.
- the condensing device provided in the surplus drain introduction line includes a steam separation unit that separates the steam by causing the inflow surplus drain to collide with the separation plate.
- the contact heat exchange member is provided below.
- the first flash steam in the drain tank is preferably formed by spraying a relatively low temperature drain in the lower part of the drain tank and bringing it into contact with the gas phase part in the drain tank. It can comprise so that it may collect
- the pressurizing valve that opens and closes according to the pressure in the drain tank, and has a pressure exceeding the atmospheric pressure from the steam boiler (including the steam header provided at the steam outlet of the steam boiler) to the drain tank.
- a pressurized steam line for supplying pressurized steam can be provided.
- the pressurizing valve is a valve that opens and closes mechanically in response to pressure, or a valve that opens and closes electrically by a pressure sensor.
- the pressurizing valve is a single valve having the function of adjusting the supply steam amount or supply steam pressure and the function of shutting off the steam, but shuts off the steam from the valve for adjusting the supply steam amount or the supply steam pressure. It can also consist of a valve.
- the steam boiler and the load equipment are not limited to specific types and structures.
- drain tank is not limited to a specific structure as long as it is a sealed type.
- the makeup water tank may be an open type tank and is not limited to a specific structure.
- a motor valve, a solenoid valve, or an air drive valve can be used as the on-off valve provided in the surplus drain introduction line and the drain return line.
- the drain recovery system 1 of the first embodiment includes a steam boiler 2, a drain return line 3, a drain tank 4, a makeup water line 5, a drain supply line 6, a makeup water tank 7, and an excess drain introduction line.
- the steam boiler 2 supplies the load equipment 13 that uses steam through the steam supply line 2A.
- a portion surrounded by a one-dot chain line Y is integrally configured as a drain recovery device.
- the drain return line 3 supplies the drain discharged from the load device 13 to the drain tank 4 via a steam trap (not shown), and the first valve V1 as a drain return valve composed of a normally closed motor valve. It has.
- the drain tank 4 is configured in a sealed manner, and supplies the stored drain to the steam boiler 2 through the drain supply line 6 having the drain pump 14.
- a water level gauge 15 is connected to the drain tank 4 by a first communication pipe 16 that communicates the gas phase parts and a second communication pipe 17 that communicates the liquid phase parts.
- the first series pipe 16 is provided with a pressure sensor 18 as a first pressure detector for detecting the pressure in the drain tank 4.
- the pressure sensor 18 may be provided in the liquid phase part (or gas phase part) of the drain tank 4 or the water level gauge 15.
- the water level meter 15 includes a differential pressure type water level sensor 19 as a first water level detector for detecting the water level in the water level meter 15 and a second water level detector for detecting an abnormal water level so as to back up the water level sensor 19. And an open / close switch type pressure switch 21 as a second pressure detector for detecting an abnormal pressure so as to back up the pressure sensor 18.
- This pressure switch 21 may also be provided in the drain tank 4. A plurality of pressure switches can be provided.
- the makeup water line 5 includes a makeup water pump 22 and a first check valve 23 that blocks the flow in the makeup water tank 7 direction, and drains the makeup water stored in the atmosphere-opening makeup water tank 7. This is supplied to the tank 4.
- a re-dissolution preventing member (not shown) such as beads for floating the replenishing water in contact with the atmosphere and re-dissolving is floated on the upper surface of the liquid phase portion 7A in the replenishing water tank 7.
- the make-up water tank 7 is provided with a make-up water replenishment line 24 for supplying deaerated water (or non-deaerated water) so that the water level in the make-up water tank 7 becomes the set water level by a water level detector (not shown).
- the flow rate of the makeup water replenishment line 24 is adjusted.
- the drain supply line 6 is provided with a drain pump 14 and a second check valve 25 that blocks the flow in the direction of the drain pump 14.
- a drain circulation line 11 (including a part of the drain supply line 6) for circulating the drain in the drain tank 4 is provided between the drain pump 14 outlet side of the drain supply line 6 and the drain tank 4.
- the circulation amount of the drain circulation line 11 is not less than the minimum flow rate (minimum flow) that is the minimum flow rate required for cooling the drain pump 14.
- the drain circulation line 11 includes a first circulation line 11 ⁇ / b> A including an ejection pipe (which can be referred to as an injector) 26 serving as an injection unit having a nozzle that injects drain into the vapor phase portion in the drain tank 4 in a mist form.
- the second circulation line 11B for returning the drain to the liquid phase part in the drain tank 4 is configured.
- the first circulation line 11A is provided with a fifth valve V5 composed of a motor valve, and the second circulation line 11B is a flow resistance for adjusting the flow rate (minimum flow) of the second circulation line 11B when the fifth valve V5 is closed.
- An orifice 27 is provided.
- a first temperature sensor 28 is provided as a first temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the drain supplied to the steam boiler 2.
- the drain relief line 8 functions to introduce surplus drain from the load device 13 to the makeup water tank 7.
- the surplus drain means a drain that could not be accommodated in the drain tank 4 for some reason.
- This drain relief line 8 connects the upstream side of the first valve V1 of the drain return line 3 and the makeup water tank 7, and is provided with a second valve V2 as a drain relief valve comprising a normally open motor valve.
- the pressurized steam line 9 connects the steam supply line 2A on the steam outlet side of the steam boiler 2 and the drain tank 4, and is provided with a third valve V3 including a motor valve as a pressurizing valve.
- a pressure reducing valve (not shown) is provided on the primary side of the third valve V3 as necessary.
- the pressure relief line 10 has a function of introducing the first flash steam in the drain tank 4 into the makeup water tank.
- the first flash steam is flash steam generated when drain from the load device 13 flows into the drain tank 4. Since this first flash steam is indistinguishable from the pressurized steam introduced into the drain tank 4 through the pressurized steam line 9, in the present invention, the first flash steam includes the pressurized steam.
- the pressure relief line 10 connects the gas phase portion of the drain tank 4 and the makeup water tank 7, and is connected in parallel with the pressure regulating valve 29 as a pressure relief valve that opens above the set pressure, and the pressure regulating valve 29.
- a fourth valve V4 composed of a motor valve is provided.
- the fourth valve V4 is opened by the pressure sensor 18 at an operating pressure (second operating pressure) higher than the operating pressure (first operating pressure) of the pressure regulating valve, closed at a differential pressure lower than the second operating pressure, and a pressure switch.
- 21 is an on-off valve that closes at a working pressure higher than the second working pressure (third working pressure) 21 and opens at a differential pressure lower than the third working pressure.
- the first operating pressure, the second operating pressure PH, and the third operating pressure PHH are, for example, 0.78 MPa, 0.83 MPa, and 0.9 MPa, respectively, but are not limited thereto.
- the pressure regulating valve 29 is not limited to an on-off valve such as an electrically operated motor valve as described in Patent Document 1, and is not an electrically operated but a pressure that is mechanically opened and closed. It can be a regulating valve.
- the on-off valve is preferably an on-off valve that is electrically operated by a pressure detector, but may be a pressure adjusting valve that opens and closes mechanically in response to pressure.
- a reserve water supply line 30 for supplying make-up water from the make-up water tank 7 to the steam boiler 2.
- the auxiliary water supply line 30 is provided with an auxiliary pump 31 attached to the steam boiler 2 and a third check valve 32 for blocking the flow in the direction of the auxiliary pump 31.
- the makeup water tank 7 is provided with a first condensing device 33.
- the first condenser 33 has a function of bringing the first flash steam introduced into the makeup water tank 7 through the pressure relief line 10 into contact with the relatively low temperature makeup water in the circulating makeup water tank 7 to condense. Device.
- the 1st condensing device 33 specifically, has the structure shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
- the first condenser 33 includes a mixing unit 34 and a circulation unit 35.
- the mixing means 34 forms the upper main body 36 ⁇ / b> A of the cylindrical main body 36 having a two-part configuration as a mixing portion 38 that brings the first flash vapor into contact with the makeup water sprayed from the water sprinkler 37 and condenses it.
- the water spray 37, the contact mixing member 38 ⁇ / b> A composed of a demister, the connection section 40 to which the pressure relief line 10 is connected, and the condensed water generated in the mixing section 38 are supplied to the replenishing water tank 7 in order from the top.
- a cylindrical water guiding portion 41 that leads into the liquid phase portion 7A is disposed.
- the water sprinkler 37 is provided with a large number of ejection holes 37A for ejecting makeup water upward and onto the shower.
- the watering structure including the makeup water injection direction of the watering device 37 is not limited to the illustrated one.
- the contact heat exchange member 38 ⁇ / b> A is disposed so as to partition the upper space and the lower space of the mixing unit 38.
- the connecting portion 40 is formed in a cylindrical shape with the tip closed, and an introduction port 40A is formed on the lower surface side.
- the tip of the connecting portion 40 functions as a separation plate 40B that separates steam from the drain by collision of the drain when a two-phase flow drain is introduced.
- the water guide part 40 closes an upper end so that steam and drain do not immediately enter the water guide part 41, and forms a plurality of water inlets 41A on the peripheral surface.
- This connection part 40 comprises the steam separation part of this invention. Note that the vapor separator is not necessarily required in the first condenser 33 because the first flash vapor is introduced instead of the drain.
- the lower end of the water inlet 41A is configured to be higher than the upper surface of a partition plate 42, which constitutes the inner bottom surface of the mixing unit 38, so that condensed water is stored in the inner bottom portion of the mixing unit 38. Further, in order to prevent re-dissolution of oxygen in the mixing unit 38, the temperature of the condensed water stored by a sensor (not shown) is detected, and the circulation line 48 is set so that the detected temperature becomes 95 to 100 ° C.
- the circulation amount of makeup water is adjusted by the provided flow rate adjusting means (not shown).
- the flow rate adjusting means may be adjusted manually, but may be automatically adjusted by the controller 12.
- the water guide portion 41 is held by partition plates 42 and 43 that partition the upper main body 36A and the lower main body 36B of the cylindrical main body 36 at the joint portion.
- the lower main body 36 ⁇ / b> B is provided with a steam introduction hole 44 to which the pressure relief line 10 is branched and connected, and a first steam outlet hole 45 communicating with the gas phase part 7 ⁇ / b> B of the makeup water tank 7.
- a second steam outlet hole 41B is provided on the surface.
- the first steam outlet hole 45 and the second steam outlet hole 41B guide the steam existing in the water guide section 41 to the gas phase section 7B of the makeup water tank 7, and make a small amount of steam exist in the gas phase section 7B. This is to prevent re-dissolution of oxygen.
- the steam introduction hole 44 takes out a part of steam from a branch line (not shown) branched from the middle of the drain return line 3 and guides it into the lower main body 36 ⁇ / b> B. It is for purging the air in the makeup water tank 7 by guiding to the phase part 7A.
- the steam guided into the lower main body 36 ⁇ / b> B can be obtained by directly taking out a part of the steam generated in the steam boiler 2 from the steam boiler 2.
- the second vapor outlet hole 41B is for guiding the vapor contained in the liquid passing through the water guide portion 41 to the gas phase portion 7B.
- the circulation means 35 includes a circulation pump 47 and includes a makeup water circulation line 48 that guides makeup water in the lower portion of the makeup water tank 7 to the sprinkler 37. Further, the makeup water tank 7 is provided with a second temperature sensor 50 as a second temperature detector that detects the makeup water temperature in the makeup water tank 7.
- the makeup water tank 7 is provided with a second condensing device 39 having the same structure as the first condensing device 33.
- the second condensing device 39 brings the second flash steam generated by surplus drain introduced into the makeup water tank 7 through the drain escape line 8 and the relatively low temperature makeup water in the circulating makeup water tank 7 into contact with each other. It is an apparatus having a function of condensing. Since the structure of the 2nd condensing apparatus 39 is the same as the 1st condensing apparatus shown in FIG. 2, the description is abbreviate
- the controller 12 inputs signals from the pressure sensor 18, the water level sensor 19, the float switch 20, the pressure switch 21, the first temperature sensor 28, the second temperature sensor 50, etc., and based on a pre-stored control procedure.
- the first valve V1 to the fifth valve V5, the drain pump 14, the makeup water pump 22 and the like are controlled.
- the auxiliary pump 31 is controlled by the controller on the steam boiler 2 side, but may be configured to be controlled by the controller 12.
- the control procedure of the controller 12 includes a drain tank pressure control procedure, a water level / drain temperature control procedure, a drain circulation control procedure for controlling the circulation of the drain circulation line 11, a makeup water temperature control procedure, and the like.
- the water level / drain temperature control procedure includes the following first control and second control.
- the first control drives the makeup water pump 22 when the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 28 exceeds the first set temperature TH, stops the makeup water pump 22 when the temperature is equal to or lower than the first set temperature TH, and drives the makeup water pump 22.
- the detected water level of the water level sensor 19 exceeds the first set water level LHH
- the makeup water pump 22 is stopped, the first valve V1 and the second valve V2 are in the second open / close state, and at the first set water level LHH or less.
- the makeup water pump 22 is driven to turn the first valve V1 and the second valve V2 into the first open / close state.
- the first valve V1 and the second valve V2 are opened and closed.
- the first valve V1 and the second valve V2 are controlled to be in the first open / close state at the second set temperature THH or lower.
- the first set temperature TH and the second set temperature THH are 170 ° C. and 175 ° C., respectively, but the temperature is appropriately set in the range of 100 to 220 ° C. according to the system configuration and operating conditions. Is possible.
- the drain circulation control procedure is performed when the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 28 exceeds (or becomes higher) the first set temperature TH or is lower than (or below) the third set temperature TL lower than the first set temperature TH.
- the procedure for stopping the drain circulation by the first circulation path 11A and the drain circulation by the first circulation path 11A are performed when the detected pressure of the first pressure detector 18 exceeds (or becomes higher) the first set pressure PH. Procedures. An example of this drain circulation control procedure is shown in FIG.
- the makeup water temperature control procedure is a control procedure in which the circulating pump 47 is stopped when the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 50 exceeds the fourth set temperature T4, and the circulating pump 47 is driven at a temperature lower than the fourth set temperature T4 by a differential amount. It is.
- This makeup water temperature control procedure equalizes the water temperature in the makeup water tank 7 by driving the circulation pump 47, promotes the recovery of more flash steam, and sets the water temperature in the makeup water tank 7 to the fourth setting. Vibrations caused by exceeding the temperature T4 are prevented.
- An example of this makeup water temperature control procedure is shown in FIG.
- control procedure of the first valve V1 the control procedure of the second valve V2, the control procedure of the makeup water pump 22, the control procedure of the drain pump 14, the control procedure of the third valve V3, the fourth valve of the first embodiment.
- the control procedure of V4, the control procedure of the fifth valve V5, and the control procedure of the circulation pump 47 are shown in FIGS. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, respectively.
- processing step SN is simply referred to as SN
- S11 processing step S1
- S11 processing step S11
- S11 processing step S11
- S11 processing step S11
- S11 processing step S11
- S11 processing step S11
- S11 processing step S11
- S11 processing step S11
- S12 processing step S12
- the pressure switch 21 is turned on, so YES is determined in S2 and S12, and the process returns to S1 and S11. Maintain the second open / close state.
- the drain from the load device 13 is prevented from flowing into the drain tank, and instead flows into the makeup water tank 7.
- the drain is collected into the makeup water tank 7 while continuing the operation of the load device 13.
- the drain recovery is performed through the second condenser 39 as described above.
- the second flush steam generated when the drain flows into the makeup water tank 7 is collected, and the detailed operation will be described later.
- the drain is collected into the makeup water tank 7 while the operation of the load device 13 is continued as in the case where the pressure in the drain tank 4 is abnormally high.
- the drain pump 14 is stopped, but the operation of the steam boiler 2 is continued by driving the auxiliary pump 31 as in the case where the water level in the drain tank 4 is an abnormally high water level.
- the process proceeds to S4 and S14, and it is determined whether or not the water level sensor 19 detects an excess of the first set water level LHH (a value higher than the differential by LHH).
- the water level in the water level meter 15 exceeds the first set water level LHH, YES is determined in S4 and S14, and the process returns to S1 and S11 to maintain the second open / close state.
- the drain tank 4 exceeds the first set water level LHH, the inflow of drain into the drain tank 4 is blocked, and the drain tank 4 is prevented from becoming an abnormally high water level. Then, as in the case where the pressure in the drain tank 4 is abnormally high, the drain is collected into the makeup water tank 7 while the operation of the load device 13 is continued. At this time, the drain pump 14 is stopped, but the operation of the steam boiler 2 is continued by driving the auxiliary pump 31 as in the case where the water level in the drain tank 4 is an abnormally high water level.
- the drain temperature in the drain tank 4 can be quickly reduced by the drain inflow prevention operation and the drain cooling operation by the control of the makeup water pump 22 described below.
- the makeup water pump 22 is stopped.
- S22 it is determined whether or not the pressure switch 21 is ON. If YES, the process proceeds to S21 to stop the water supply pump 21, and if NO, the process proceeds to S23 to determine whether the float switch 20 has detected an abnormally high set water level.
- the makeup water pump 22 is stopped. If NO is determined in S23, the process proceeds to S24, in which it is determined whether or not the water level sensor 19 has detected that the first set water level LHH (> LH) has been exceeded (a value higher than the LHH by a differential amount). If YES, the process proceeds to S21 and the makeup water pump 22 is stopped.
- the process proceeds to S26, where the water level in the drain tank 4 exceeds the second set water level LH (the differential amount from LH). A high value is detected). If YES is determined, the process proceeds to S21 and the makeup water pump 22 is stopped. As described later, when the drain pump 14 is driven, the water level in the drain tank 4 is lowered, the water level becomes equal to or lower than the second set water level LH, and when NO is determined in S26, the process proceeds to S27, and the makeup water pump 22 is driven. By driving the makeup water pump 22, low temperature makeup water is replenished from the makeup water tank 7 into the drain tank 4.
- the drain cooling control (first control) is performed.
- first control when the water level in the drain tank 4 exceeds the first set water level LHH or the drain temperature becomes equal to or higher than the second set temperature THH, the first valve V1 and the second valve V2 are opened and closed.
- control (second control) is performed so that a large amount of heat held by the drain is not taken into the drain tank 4.
- the first control and the second control cause the drain in the drain tank 4 to be discharged in a short time compared to the system of Patent Document 1. To be cooled. As a result, the operation time of the makeup water pump 22 can be shortened, and power can be saved.
- the process proceeds to S33, and it is determined whether or not the float switch 20 is equal to or higher than the abnormally low set water level. In the case of YES, the process proceeds to S31 and the drain pump 14 is stopped. If NO is determined in S33, the process proceeds to S34, in which it is determined whether or not the sensor 19 has detected an excess of the third set water level LLL ( ⁇ second set water level LH) (a value higher than the LLL by a differential amount). . When determination is NO, it transfers to S31, the pump 14 is stopped, and the water supply to the steam boiler 2 is not performed.
- the process proceeds to S35, and the pressure sensor 18 exceeds the third set pressure PLL lower than the second set pressure PL (differential from the PLL). Whether the value is higher). If it is detected in S35 that the pressure is equal to or lower than the third set pressure PLL, NO is determined, the process proceeds to S31, and the drain pump 14 is stopped. If YES in S35, the process proceeds to S36, and the drain pump 14 is driven.
- the drain pump 14 is basically driven under the condition that the water level in the drain tank 4 exceeds the third set water level LLL and the pressure exceeds the third set pressure PLL, and the drain pump 4 Drain is supplied to the steam boiler 2. Note that, when the drain pump 14 is stopped by failure, the operation of the steam boiler 2 is continued by driving the auxiliary pump 31 as described above.
- the process proceeds to S43 to determine whether or not the float switch 20 is below the abnormally low set water level. In YES, it transfers to S41 and closes the 3rd valve V3. If NO is determined in S43, the process proceeds to S44, and it is determined whether or not the water level sensor 19 has detected an excess of the third set water level LLL (a value higher than the LLL by a differential amount). When the water level is equal to or lower than the third set water level LLL and NO, the third valve V3 is closed.
- the process proceeds to S45 to determine whether the pressure sensor 18 exceeds the second set pressure PL that is lower than the abnormally high set pressure and higher than the third set pressure PLL (a value that is higher than the PL by a differential amount). judge. In YES, it transfers to S41 and closes the 3rd valve V3. If it is detected in S45 that the pressure is equal to or lower than the second set pressure PL, NO is determined, the process proceeds to S46, and the third valve V3 is opened.
- the third valve V3 basically opens under the condition that the water level in the drain tank 4 is equal to or higher than the third set water level LL and the pressure is lower than the second set pressure PL. Steam is supplied into the tank 4 to maintain the pressure in the drain tank 4 at approximately the second set pressure PL.
- pressure adjusting valve 29 opens when the pressure in drain tank 4 becomes equal to or higher than a set pressure (a value lower than the abnormally high set pressure and higher than the second set pressure PL). Is controlled below the set pressure of the pressure regulating valve 29. However, the pressure rises due to a failure of the pressure regulating valve 29, and the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 18 becomes the first set pressure PH (a value lower than the abnormally high set pressure and higher than the second set pressure PL). If it exceeds (a value higher than the differential by PH), YES is determined in S52, the determination of NO in S53 is made, and the fourth valve V4 is opened in S54.
- the pressure switch 21 When the pressure further increases due to a failure of the fourth valve V4 and the pressure switch 21 detects an abnormally high pressure, the pressure switch 21 is turned on, NO is determined in S53, and the fourth valve V4 is closed. When the pressure switch 21 detects an abnormally high pressure, the system 1 is stopped. Closing the fourth valve V4 is part of the interlock operation. If the interlock state is not set, the fourth valve V4 can be configured to open if YES is determined in S53.
- the fourth valve V4 basically opens under the condition that the pressure in the drain tank 4 exceeds the first set pressure PH. Therefore, even if the pressure regulating valve 29 fails, the fourth valve V4 passes through the steam release line 10 and drains.
- the high-pressure steam in the tank 4 is released into the make-up water tank 7 through the first condensing device 33 to prevent abnormal high pressure in the drain tank 4.
- the high-pressure steam in the drain tank 4 includes flush steam generated when the drain flows into the drain tank 4 and pressurized steam guided to the drain tank 4 through the pressurized steam line 9. Is referred to as the first flash steam.
- the first condenser 34 collects the first flash vapor, and the detailed operation thereof will be described later.
- the process proceeds to S63, and it is determined whether the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 28 is equal to or higher than the second set temperature THH. If YES is determined in S ⁇ b> 33, the process proceeds to S ⁇ b> 61, the fifth valve V ⁇ b> 5 is closed, and the drain is not ejected into the drain tank 4.
- the process proceeds to S64 to determine whether or not the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 28 is lower than the third set temperature TL.
- the process proceeds to S61, the fifth valve V5 is closed, and the drain is not ejected into the drain tank 4. The reason is as follows. If the drain is injected while the drain temperature in the drain tank 4 is low, the pressure in the drain tank 4 decreases, the third valve V3 opens, and steam is prevented from being supplied from the pressurized steam line 9. is there.
- the fifth valve V5 basically has a drain temperature in the drain tank 4 of the second set temperature THH or less and a third set temperature TL or more, and the drain tank 4 pressure is the first set pressure. It opens under the condition of exceeding PH, and the drain is ejected from the ejection pipe 26. As a result, it is possible to efficiently recover the heat of the gas phase portion in the drain tank 4 and obtain a high-temperature drain without increasing the drain temperature more than necessary.
- circulation pump 14 is stopped in S71.
- S72 it is determined whether or not the detected temperature of the second temperature sensor 50 is a value that exceeds T4 (a value that is higher than T4 by a differential amount). If YES is determined, the circulation pump 14 is stopped. When T4 or less is detected in S72, the process proceeds to S73, and the circulation pump 50 is driven. Note that the control of the circulation pump 50 of the second condenser 39 is the same as the control of the circulation pump 50 of the first condenser 39.
- the relatively low temperature makeup water in the lower portion of the makeup water tank 7 is guided to the water sprayer 37 through the makeup water circulation line 48, and is ejected in a shower form from the ejection hole 37A. Is done.
- the ejected replenishment water falls toward the contact heat exchange member 38A as shown by the solid line arrow in FIG.
- the first flash steam from the pressure relief line 10 collides with the separation plate 40B of the connecting portion 40 as shown by the broken line arrow X1 in FIG. 2, changes direction, and flows into the mixing portion 38 from the inlet 40A. Then, the inside of the mixing portion 38 below the contact heat exchange member 38A is filled. When the first flash vapor contains liquid droplets, they are separated at the time of collision with the separation plate 40B and stored in the inner bottom portion of the separation portion 38.
- the contact heat exchange member 38A liquid molecules contained in the makeup water from the sprinkler 37 are collected, and the falling speed is reduced.
- the first flash steam is efficiently condensed by contact mixing with makeup water in the contact heat exchange member 38A. Note that when the collected liquid molecules and the first flash vapor come into contact with each other, new flash vapor is also generated at the same time as the condensation. This flash vapor is also cooled and condensed in the contact heat exchange member 38A.
- the condensed water is stored in the inner bottom portion of the separation unit 38, and then flows into the water guiding unit 41 from the water guiding port 41 ⁇ / b> A and is guided to the liquid phase unit 7 ⁇ / b> A of the makeup water tank 7.
- the operation of the second condensing device 39 is basically the same as the operation of the first condensing device 33, but the inflowing fluid is vapor in the first condensing device 33, whereas The condensing device 39 is different in that it is a high-temperature and high-pressure drain that flows through the drain escape line 8. Below, it demonstrates focusing on the difference in operation
- the makeup water ejected from the sprinkler 37 falls toward the contact heat exchange member 38A as shown by the solid line arrow in FIG.
- the drain from the drain relief line 8 is a two-phase flow of liquid and vapor.
- the drain flows from the connecting portion 40 due to a pressure difference and collides with the separation plate 40B, where the liquid and the gas are separated.
- the separated steam changes its direction, flows from the inlet 40A into the mixing section 38, and rises toward the contact heat exchange member 38A. Then, the drained water and the liquid or vapor in the mixing unit 38 come into contact with each other to generate second flash vapor.
- the drain after separation falls downward and is stored in the bottom of the separation part 38.
- the separated steam and the second flash steam are condensed by the contact heat exchange member 38 ⁇ / b> A in the same manner as the first condenser 33.
- By separating the steam by the separation plate 40B it is possible to increase the contact efficiency of flash steam and makeup water.
- the drain recovery system of the first embodiment can reduce the size of the drain tank 4. . This miniaturization will be described in detail.
- the amount of drain (first drain amount) leaving the drain tank 4 is determined by the load fluctuation of the steam boiler 2. Further, the drain amount (second drain amount) flowing into the drain tank 4 is determined by the load fluctuation of the load device 13.
- the drain tank 4 cannot store the drain and the drain overflows. As described above, when the drain overflows, a large amount of second flash steam is generated, and in the case of a conventional system that does not include the second condensing device 39, the heat of the flash steam is discarded to the atmosphere and heat loss occurs. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to increase the capacity of the drain tank 4.
- the first flash steam is generated when the drain from the load device 13 flows into the drain tank 4. If the drain tank 4 has a small capacity, the first flash steam is discharged from the pressure relief line 8. The amount increases. In the case of a conventional system that does not include the first condensing device 39, the heat of the flash vapor is discarded to the atmosphere, and heat loss occurs. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to increase the capacity of the drain tank 4.
- the first condensing device 33 and the second condensing device 39 are provided, and the first flash steam and the second flash steam are efficiently recovered, so that the capacity of the drain tank 4 is not increased. That is, heat loss can be suppressed by the small drain tank 4.
- the capacity of the drain tank 4 of the first embodiment is 1 (for example, 1000 L)
- the capacity of the drain tank 4 of the conventional system is 3.4 (for example, 3400 L).
- the conventional system has a remarkable effect that the number of drain tanks 4 in the system implementing the first embodiment can be reduced by 2.4. Further, this downsizing can greatly reduce the installation area of the system.
- the present invention is not limited to the first embodiment, and the condensing devices 33 and 39 may employ those shown in FIG.
- the difference from the first embodiment is that in the second embodiment, the contact heat exchange member 38 ⁇ / b> A is omitted, and the second sprinkler 51 is disposed below the first sprinkler 37 instead of the connecting portion 40. It is a point provided in. Similar to the first sprinkler 37, the second sprinkler 51 is provided with a large number of ejection holes 51A for ejecting the drain upward onto the shower.
- the makeup water ejected from the sprinkler 37 falls downward as shown by the solid line arrow in FIG.
- the drain is ejected from the ejection hole 51A, and at this time, the second flash vapor is generated in contact with the liquid or vapor in the mixing unit 38.
- the second flash vapor fills the mixing portion 38 and condenses upon contact with the falling spray-like makeup water.
- the condensate and the drain which has not become flash steam fall and are stored in the inner bottom of the separation unit 38, and then flow into the water guide 41 through the water inlet 41 ⁇ / b> A and are led to the liquid phase part 7 ⁇ / b> A of the makeup water tank 7. .
- the present invention includes Embodiment 3 shown in FIGS.
- the first flash steam or drain is not supplied directly to the mixing unit 36 but is supplied to the makeup water tank. And it replaces with the condensation apparatuses 33 and 39 of Example 1, and the condensation apparatus 33 shown in FIG. 13 is provided.
- the contact heat exchange member 38A is provided below the sprinkler 37 as in the first embodiment.
- the present invention includes a system in which one of the first condensing device 33 and the second condensing device 39 is deleted.
- Example 4 shown in FIG. 14 the first condenser device 33 is deleted, and the other configurations are the same as those in Example 1. Therefore, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. .
- this invention includes the system of Example 5 shown in FIG. 15 which made the 1st condensing device 33 and the 2nd condensing device 39 common.
- the pressure relief line 10 is connected to the condensing device 39 of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG.
- the connection position of the pressure relief line 10 is the mixing portion 38 of FIG. 2 in FIG. 15, it can be the drain relief line 8. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
- the present invention includes Example 6 shown in FIG.
- the sixth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in which the surplus drain direct recovery means that leads from the drain return line 8 to the make-up water tank 7 without going through the drain tank 7, and the surplus drain is passed through the drain tank 4.
- Surplus drain indirect recovery means for guiding to the makeup water tank 7 is provided.
- the surplus drain indirect recovery means includes a drain relief line 8 and a second valve V2 provided in the drain relief line 8. Although this second valve V2 is normally closed, it opens when the water level in the drain tank 4 exceeds the set water level, and guides excess drain that cannot be accommodated to the makeup water tank 7.
- the first condensing device 33 and the second condensing device 39 are provided as in the first embodiment.
- the operation of the second condensing device 39 of the sixth embodiment differs from the second condensing device 39 of the first embodiment only in that the drain temperature and pressure flowing in are low, and the operation is basically the same. The description is omitted.
- Drain recovery system Steam boiler 3 Drain return line 4 Drain tank 5 Supply water line 6 Drain supply line 7 Supply water tank 8 Drain relief line (excess drain introduction line) 10 Pressure relief line (steam introduction line) 12 Controller (control means) DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 13 Load apparatus 14 Drain pump 33 1st condensation apparatus 34 Mixing means 35 Circulation means 37 Sprinkler 38 Mixing part 38A Contact heat exchange member 39 2nd condensation apparatus 40 Connection part (steam separation part) 40B Separator plate 41 Water transfer section 47 Circulation pump 48 Circulation line (Supply water circulation line) V1 1st valve (drain return valve) V2 Second valve (drain relief valve)
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Abstract
Description
前記ドレンタンク内の第一フラッシュ蒸気を前記補給水タンクへ導入する蒸気導入ラインと、
前記ドレンタンクからまたは前記負荷機器からの余剰ドレンを前記補給水タンクへ導入する余剰ドレン導入ラインと、
前記補給水タンクに設けられ、前記第一フラッシュ蒸気および/または前記余剰ドレンから発生する第二フラッシュ蒸気を前記補給水タンク内の補給水と接触させて凝縮させる凝縮装置を備えたことを特徴としている。
前記混合手段は、散水器を備え、前記第一フラッシュ蒸気および/または前記第二フラッシュ蒸気を前記散水器から散水される補給水と接触させ凝縮させる混合部と、前記混合部の凝縮水を前記補給水タンクの液相部内へ導く導水部とを含んで構成され、
前記循環手段は、循環ポンプを備え、前記補給水タンク内下部の補給水を前記散水器へ導く循環ラインを含んで構成されることを特徴としている。
前記凝縮装置が前記蒸気導入ラインおよび前記余剰ドレン導入ラインの前記補給水タンクの接続部に設けられることを特徴としている。
前記ドレン戻りラインの前記第一弁の上流側と前記補給水タンクとの間に接続される余剰ドレン導入ラインと、
前記余剰ドレン導入ラインに設けられる開閉可能な第二弁とを備え、
前記第一弁を開き、前記第二弁を閉じる第一開閉状態と、前記第一弁を閉じ、前記第二弁を開く第二開閉状態とを選択可能に構成し、
前記第二開閉状態として余剰ドレンを前記補給水タンクに導入することを特徴としている。
この実施例1のドレン回収システム1は、蒸気ボイラ2と、ドレン戻しライン3と、ドレンタンク4と、補給水ライン5と、ドレン供給ライン6と、補給水タンク7と、余剰ドレン導入ラインとしてのドレン逃がしライン8と、加圧蒸気ライン9と、蒸気導入ラインとしての圧力逃がしライン(蒸気逃がしラインと称することができる。)10と、ドレン循環ライン11と、制御手段としての制御器12とを主要部として備えている。蒸気ボイラ2は、蒸気を使用する負荷機器13へ蒸気供給ライン2Aを通して供給するものである。図1において、一点鎖線Yで囲む部分は、ドレン回収装置として一体的に構成されている。
補給水温度制御手順は、第二温度センサ50による検出温度が第四設定温度T4超過で循環ポンプ47を停止し、第四設定温度T4よりディファレンシャル分低い温度以下で循環ポンプ47を駆動する制御手順である。この補給水温度制御手順は、循環ポンプ47を駆動することにより補給水タンク7内の水温を均一化し、より多くのフラッシュ蒸気の回収を促進すると共に、補給水タンク7内の水温が第四設定温度T4を超過することによる振動発生等を防止する。この補給水温度制御手順の一例を図10に示す。
(水位・ドレン温度制御)
ここで、実施例1の水位・ドレン温度制御手順による動作を図1~図6に基づき説明する。図1を参照して、負荷機器13においては、ボイラ2から供給された蒸気が液化する。液化したドレンは、ドレン戻しライン3を通して、ドレンタンク4へ流入しようとする。
つぎに、ドレンタンク4内の圧力制御を説明する。まず、第三弁V3の動作を図7に基づき説明する。S41で、第三弁V3を閉じる。ついで、S42へ移行して、圧力スイッチ21(第三作動圧力PHHの超過でONし、ディファレンシャル分低下するとOFFする)がONかどうかを判定し、YESの場合、S41へ移行して、第三弁V3を閉じ、ドレンタンク4内が異常高設定圧力を超えないようにする。
つぎに、ドレンタンク4内での第一フラッシュ蒸気からの熱回収制御について説明する。まず、第五弁V5の動作を図9に基づき説明する。S61では第五弁V5を閉じる。今、ドレンポンプ14が駆動されているとすると、ドレンタンク4内のドレンは第二循環ライン11Bを通して循環し、ドレンポンプ14のミニマムフローが確保されるともに、ドレンタンク4内のドレン温度が均一化される。
つぎに、第一凝縮装置33の動作を説明する。ドレン戻しライン3を通して高温高圧(例えば1.2MPa)のドレンがドレンタンク4に流入して、流入ドレン圧力より温度、圧力が低い(例えば、0.8MPa)ドレンタンク4の蒸気やドレンと接触すると第一フラッシュ蒸気が発生する。この第一フラッシュ蒸気が前述のように、圧力逃がしライン10、第一凝縮装置33を通して補給水タンク7へ流入する。
つぎに、第二凝縮装置39の動作を説明する。第二凝縮装置39の動作は、基本的には、第一凝縮装置33の動作と同様であるが、流入してくる流体が、第一凝縮装置33では蒸気であるのに対して、第二凝縮装置39では、ドレン逃がしライン8を通して流入する高温高圧のドレンである点で相違する。以下では、流入する流体の相違による動作の相違を中心に説明する。
ここで、実施例1の効果を説明する。有効ドレン回収率を同じとし、第一凝縮装置33および第二凝縮装置39を備えない従来のドレン回収システム2と比較した場合、実施例1のドレン回収システムは、ドレンタンクの4を小型化できる。この小型化について詳述する。クローズドドレン回収システムにおいては、ドレンタンク4から出てゆくドレン量(第一ドレン量)は、蒸気ボイラ2の負荷変動によって決まる。また、ドレンタンク4に流入するドレン量(第二ドレン量)は、負荷機器13の負荷変動によって決まる。
2 蒸気ボイラ
3 ドレン戻りライン
4 ドレンタンク
5 補給水ライン
6 ドレン供給ライン
7 補給水タンク
8 ドレン逃がしライン(余剰ドレン導入ライン)
10 圧力逃がしライン(蒸気導入ライン)
12 制御器(制御手段)
13 負荷機器
14 ドレンポンプ
33 第一凝縮装置
34 混合手段
35 循環手段
37 散水器
38 混合部
38A 接触熱交換部材
39 第二凝縮装置
40 接続部(蒸気分離部)
40B 分離板
41 導水部
47 循環ポンプ
48 循環ライン(補給水循環ライン)
V1 第一弁(ドレン戻り弁)
V2 第二弁(ドレン逃がし弁)
Claims (7)
- 蒸気を負荷機器へ供給する蒸気ボイラと、ドレン戻りラインを通して前記負荷機器から排出されるドレンを貯留し、ドレン供給ラインを通して貯留したドレンを前記蒸気ボイラへ供給する密閉型のドレンタンクと、補給水ラインを通して補給水を前記ドレンタンクへ供給する大気開放型の補給水タンクとを備えるクローズドドレン回収システムであって、
前記ドレンタンク内の第一フラッシュ蒸気を前記補給水タンクへ導入する蒸気導入ラインと、
前記ドレンタンクからまたは前記負荷機器からの余剰ドレンを前記補給水タンクへ導入する余剰ドレン導入ラインと、
前記補給水タンクに設けられ、前記第一フラッシュ蒸気および/または前記余剰ドレンから発生する第二フラッシュ蒸気を前記補給水タンク内の補給水と接触させて凝縮させる凝縮装置を備えたことを特徴とするクローズドドレン回収システム。 - 前記凝縮装置は、補給水を前記補給水タンク内で循環させながら前記第一フラッシュ蒸気および/または前記第二フラッシュ蒸気と接触させるように構成されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のクローズドドレン回収システム。
- 前記凝縮装置は、混合手段および循環手段を備え、
前記混合手段は、散水器を備え、前記第一フラッシュ蒸気および/または前記第二フラッシュ蒸気を前記散水器から散水される補給水と接触させ凝縮させる混合部と、前記混合部の凝縮水を前記補給水タンクの液相部内へ導く導水部とを含んで構成され、
前記循環手段は、循環ポンプを備え、前記補給水タンク内下部の補給水を前記散水器へ導く循環ラインを含んで構成されることを特徴とする請求項2に記載のクローズドドレン回収システム。 - 前記混合部に補給水とフラッシュ蒸気との接触熱交換部材を設けることを特徴とする請求項3に記載のクローズドドレン回収システム。
- 前記蒸気導入ラインおよび前記余剰ドレン導入ラインを備え、
前記凝縮装置が前記蒸気導入ラインおよび前記余剰ドレン導入ラインの前記補給水タンクの接続部に設けられることを特徴とする請求項1~請求項4のいずれか1項に記載のクローズドドレン回収システム。 - 前記ドレン戻りラインに設けられる開閉可能な第一弁と、
前記ドレン戻りラインの前記第一弁の上流側と前記補給水タンクとの間に接続される余剰ドレン導入ラインと、
前記余剰ドレン導入ラインに設けられる開閉可能な第二弁とを備え、
前記第一弁を開き、前記第二弁を閉じる第一開閉状態と、前記第一弁を閉じ、前記第二弁を開く第二開閉状態とを選択可能に構成し、
前記第二開閉状態として余剰ドレンを前記補給水タンクに導入することを特徴とする請求項1~請求項5のいずれか1項に記載のクローズドドレン回収システム。 - 前記余剰ドレン導入ラインに設けられる凝縮装置は、分離板に流入余剰ドレンを衝突させて蒸気を分離させる蒸気分離部を前記混合部の接触熱交換部材の下方に備えることを特徴とする請求項6に記載のクローズドドレン回収システム。
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KR1020147007857A KR101925324B1 (ko) | 2012-03-29 | 2012-04-27 | 클로즈드 드레인 회수 시스템 |
CN201280048689.4A CN103857960B (zh) | 2012-03-29 | 2012-04-27 | 封闭式排水回收系统 |
CA2868249A CA2868249A1 (en) | 2012-03-29 | 2012-04-27 | Closed drain recovery system |
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CN114279259A (zh) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-04-05 | 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | 空冷岛热态冲洗装置 |
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JP6146270B2 (ja) * | 2013-11-19 | 2017-06-14 | 三浦工業株式会社 | ボイラシステム |
JP6256153B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-28 | 2018-01-10 | 三浦工業株式会社 | ボイラシステム |
JP6248754B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-28 | 2017-12-20 | 三浦工業株式会社 | ボイラシステム |
WO2015170564A1 (ja) * | 2014-05-09 | 2015-11-12 | 株式会社テイエルブイ | ドレン回収装置 |
JP2016161220A (ja) * | 2015-03-03 | 2016-09-05 | 三浦工業株式会社 | ボイラシステム |
JP6421649B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-04 | 2018-11-14 | 三浦工業株式会社 | ボイラシステム |
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KR101925324B1 (ko) | 2018-12-05 |
JP2013204961A (ja) | 2013-10-07 |
US20150027384A1 (en) | 2015-01-29 |
US9500360B2 (en) | 2016-11-22 |
CN103857960B (zh) | 2016-06-08 |
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CN103857960A (zh) | 2014-06-11 |
KR20150002572A (ko) | 2015-01-07 |
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