WO2013141106A1 - 高分子化合物並びにその製造方法および成形品 - Google Patents
高分子化合物並びにその製造方法および成形品 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013141106A1 WO2013141106A1 PCT/JP2013/056959 JP2013056959W WO2013141106A1 WO 2013141106 A1 WO2013141106 A1 WO 2013141106A1 JP 2013056959 W JP2013056959 W JP 2013056959W WO 2013141106 A1 WO2013141106 A1 WO 2013141106A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/38—Polymerisation using regulators, e.g. chain terminating agents, e.g. telomerisation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F20/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polymer compound excellent in transparency, fluidity and impact resistance, a production method capable of producing the polymer compound with high production efficiency, and a molded product comprising the polymer compound.
- Polymer compounds produced by radical polymerization are used for various applications such as OA equipment field, automobile field, and electric / electronic field as molded products.
- transparent polymer compounds represented by methacrylic resins are widely used in optical applications such as front plates and light guide plates of display devices.
- thermoplastic resins such as methacrylic resins
- the moldability of the polymer compound can be improved by increasing the fluidity by reducing the weight average molecular weight, but there is a problem that the impact resistance of the obtained molded product is lowered.
- the above object is [1] A monomer mixture (C) comprising a methacrylic acid ester (A) and a vinyl monomer (B) copolymerizable with the methacrylic acid ester (A), and at least one polyfunctional chain transfer agent (D ) And a polymerization initiator (E) in the presence of the polymerization initiator, wherein the polyfunctional chain transfer agent (D) is used in an amount of 100 parts by mass of the monomer mixture (C).
- a and p represent an integer greater than or equal to 1
- Mp , np and Wp are arbitrary polyfunctional chain transfer agents (D) of a kind of polyfunctional chain transfer agents (D) (D p ) represents the molecular weight, the number of functional groups, and the amount (parts by mass).
- a monomer mixture (C) composed of a methacrylic acid ester (A) and a vinyl monomer (B) copolymerizable with the methacrylic acid ester (A), and at least one polyfunctional chain transfer agent (D )
- a, b and p each represent an integer of 1 or more, and M p , n p and W p are any of a-type polyfunctional chain transfer agents (D).
- D polyfunctional chain transfer agent
- the molecular weight, the number of functional groups, and the amount (parts by mass) of the polyfunctional chain transfer agent (D p ) are respectively represented, and M ′ p and W ′ p are each an arbitrary unit of the b-type monofunctional chain transfer agent (D ′).
- the production method of the present invention it is not necessary to add an impact resistance improver, and it is industrially advantageous to produce a polymer compound having transparency suitable for optical applications and excellent moldability and impact resistance. be able to.
- the polymer compound obtained by the production method can provide a molded article having excellent mechanical strength and appearance.
- a monomer mixture (C) comprising a methacrylic acid ester (A) and a vinyl monomer (B) copolymerizable therewith, and at least one polyfunctional chain Radical polymerization is performed in the presence of a transfer agent (D) and a polymerization initiator (E).
- the radical polymerization in the production method of the present invention can be applied by a solution polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method, a bulk polymerization method, an emulsion polymerization method, etc., and may be carried out by any of a batch method and a continuous polymerization method.
- the bulk polymerization method without using a dispersant, an emulsifier, a solvent or the like is preferable for using the obtained polymer compound for optical applications.
- the bulk polymerization method by the continuous polymerization method continuous bulk polymerization method (continuous bulk polymerization method). ) Is more preferable.
- methacrylic acid ester (A) examples include methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, hexyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid (2- Alkyl methacrylate such as ethylhexyl); cycloalkyl methacrylate such as cyclohexyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid (t-butylcyclohexyl); aralkyl methacrylate such as benzyl methacrylate; aryl methacrylate such as phenyl methacrylate; and the like. Of these, alkyl methacrylate is preferably used from the viewpoint of the transparency of the resulting polymer compound. These methacrylic acid ester (A) may be used individually by 1 type, or may use multiple types together.
- Examples of the vinyl monomer (B) copolymerizable with the methacrylic acid ester (A) that can be used in the production method of the present invention include, for example, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, Acrylic esters such as butyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, acrylic acid (2-ethylhexyl), cyclohexyl acrylate, acrylic acid (t-butylcyclohexyl), benzyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate; styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, ⁇ -Ethyl styrene, ⁇ -propyl styrene, ⁇ -butyl styrene, ⁇ -pentyl styrene, ⁇ -hexyl styrene, ⁇ -octyl styrene, m
- vinyl cyanide compounds such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile.
- acrylic acid esters are preferred from the viewpoint of the transparency of the resulting polymer compound, and alkyl acrylates having 1 to 6 carbon atoms are more preferred.
- vinyl monomers (B) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the monomer mixture (C) used in the production method of the present invention preferably contains the methacrylic acid ester (A) in the range of 50 to 99.9% by mass, from the viewpoint of transparency and moldability. More preferably, it is contained in the range of 5% by mass, and more preferably in the range of 85-99% by mass.
- the monomer mixture (C) preferably contains the vinyl monomer (B) in the range of 0.1 to 50% by mass, more preferably in the range of 0.5 to 30% by mass, More preferably, it is contained in the range of 1 to 15% by mass.
- the monomer mixture (C) preferably contains a monofunctional monomer in the range of 99 to 100% by mass, more preferably 99.5 to 100% by mass, and 99.9%.
- the content is more preferably in the range of ⁇ 100% by mass, and most preferably 100% by mass.
- the amount of the polyfunctional chain transfer agent (D) used should satisfy the relationship of the following general formula (1) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the monomer mixture (C) described above.
- the moldability and impact resistance of the resulting polymer compound can be improved.
- a and p represent an integer greater than or equal to 1
- Mp , np and Wp are arbitrary polyfunctional chain transfer agents (D) of a kind of polyfunctional chain transfer agents (D) (D p ) represents the molecular weight, the number of functional groups, and the amount (parts by mass).
- the polyfunctional chain transfer agent (D) used in the production method of the present invention is a chain transfer agent having two or more functional groups in a molecule having a chain transfer constant of 0.01 or more under radical polymerization conditions.
- the above-described chain transfer constant refers to the chain transfer constant between the growth terminal radical of the polymer comprising the monomer mixture (C) at the radical polymerization temperature and the functional group of the polyfunctional chain transfer agent (D). , Defined as a value obtained by dividing the rate constant k tr of the chain transfer reaction by the rate constant k p of the growth reaction.
- Such functional groups include mercapto groups, disulfide groups, halogen groups and the like.
- polyfunctional chain transfer agent (D) examples include 1,4-butanedithiol, 1,6-hexanedithiol, 1,10-decanedithiol, ethylene glycol bisthiopropionate, butanediol bisthioglycolate, butane. Diol bisthiopropionate, hexanediol bisthioglycolate, hexanediol bisthiopropionate, trimethylolpropane tristhiopropionate, pentaerythritol tetrakisthiopropionate, dipentaerythritol hexakisthiopropionate, etc. An alkyl mercaptan is mentioned. These polyfunctional chain transfer agents (D) may be used alone or in combination.
- the usage-amount of the polyfunctional chain transfer agent (D) with respect to 100 mass parts of monomer mixtures (C) needs to satisfy
- the constant f is preferably in the range of 0.0020 to 0.0040, and more preferably in the range of 0.0025 to 0.0035.
- a monofunctional chain transfer agent (D ′) may be further used.
- the monofunctional chain transfer agent (D ′) used in the production method of the present invention is a chain transfer having only one functional group in a molecule having a chain transfer constant of 0.01 or more under radical polymerization conditions. Means an agent.
- the chain transfer constant is the chain transfer constant between the growth terminal radical of the polymer comprising the monomer mixture (C) at the radical polymerization temperature and the functional group of the monofunctional chain transfer agent (D ′). It is defined as the value obtained by dividing the rate constant k tr of the chain transfer reaction by the rate constant k p of the growth reaction.
- Such functional groups include mercapto groups, disulfide groups, halogen groups and the like.
- Examples of the monofunctional chain transfer agent (D ′) include alkyl mercaptans such as n-octyl mercaptan, n-dodecyl mercaptan, t-dodecyl mercaptan; thioglycolic acid ester; 3-mercaptopropionic acid ester; thiophenol; alkyl sulfide; -Methylstyrene dimer and the like, among which alkyl mercaptan is preferable.
- These monofunctional chain transfer agents (D ′) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the usage-amount of a polyfunctional chain transfer agent (D) and a monofunctional chain transfer agent (D') is the following with respect to 100 mass parts of monomer mixtures (C). It is necessary to satisfy the relationship of Formula (2) and Formula (3).
- a, b and p each represent an integer of 1 or more, and M p , n p and W p are any of a-type polyfunctional chain transfer agents (D).
- D polyfunctional chain transfer agent
- the molecular weight, the number of functional groups, and the amount (parts by mass) of the polyfunctional chain transfer agent (D p ) are respectively represented, and M ′ p and W ′ p are each an arbitrary unit of the b-type monofunctional chain transfer agent (D ′).
- the molecular weight and the amount (part by mass) of the functional chain transfer agent (D ′ p ) are respectively represented.
- the usage amount of the polyfunctional chain transfer agent (D) and the monofunctional chain transfer agent (D ′) depends on the moldability and impact resistance of the resulting polymer compound. Therefore, it is necessary to satisfy the above formula (2). That is, the constant f and W ′ ⁇ n 0.5 / M ′ of all monofunctional chain transfer agents (D ′) to be used (where W ′ and M ′ are molecular weights of the monofunctional chain transfer agents (D ′) and The sum of the amount (parts by mass) (hereinafter referred to as “constant f ′”) is 0.0015 or more and 0.0045 or less.
- the functional group in which chain transfer of the growing end radical during radical polymerization occurs is , It is considered to be W ′ / M ′ mole per 100 parts by mass of the monomer mixture (C). Therefore, the constant f ′ is the number of moles of substituents of the monofunctional chain transfer agent (D ′) in which chain transfer of the growing terminal radical occurs when radical polymerization is performed using 100 parts by mass of the monomer mixture (C).
- the total of the constant f and the constant f ′ is that when the multifunctional chain transfer agent (D) and the monofunctional chain transfer agent (D ′) are used in combination for radical polymerization of 100 parts by mass of the monomer mixture (C). It means the total number of moles of functional groups in which chain transfer occurs.
- the total of the constant f and the constant f ′ is preferably in the range of 0.0020 to 0.0040, and more preferably in the range of 0.0025 to 0.0035.
- the amount of the polyfunctional chain transfer agent (D) and the monofunctional chain transfer agent (D ′) depends on the moldability and impact resistance of the resulting polymer compound. From the viewpoint of the above, it is necessary to satisfy the above formula (3). That is, the ratio of the constants f ′ and f needs to be 1 or less. This means that the transfer of the growing radical end to the monofunctional chain transfer agent (D ') in the radical polymerization does not exceed the transfer to the polyfunctional chain transfer agent (D). Furthermore, the ratio of the constant f ′ to the constant f is preferably 0.8 or less, and more preferably 0.5 or less.
- the polymerization initiator (E) used in the production method of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as radical polymerization can be initiated at the polymerization temperature.
- azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisisovaleronitrile, 1,1 -Azobis (1-cyclohexanecarbonitrile), 2,2'-azobis (4-methoxy-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), 2,2'-azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), 2,2 ' -Azo compounds such as azobis-2-methylbutyronitrile; 1,1-bis (t-butylperoxy) cyclohexane, t-hexylperoxyisopropyl monocarbonate, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl Peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate, lauroyl peroxide, octanoyl peroxide, isobutyryl peroxide And organic peroxides such as de the like.
- the 10-hour half-life temperature of the polymerization initiator (E) is preferably 90 ° C. or lower, more preferably 80 ° C. or lower, and further preferably 70 ° C. or lower. If the 10-hour half-life temperature of the polymerization initiator (E) exceeds 90 ° C., the proportion of the low molecular weight polymer in the resulting polymer compound increases, so that mold stains during molding and strength reduction of the molded product are reduced. It tends to cause.
- the amount of the polymerization initiator (E) used is preferably in the range of 0.001 to 0.01 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the monomer mixture (C). Further, from the viewpoint of productivity and polymerization stability, a range of 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 to 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 mol is preferable with respect to 1 mol of the monomer mixture (C), and 3.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ A range of 5 to 7.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 mol is more preferable.
- the amount of the polymerization initiator used is less than 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 mol relative to 1 mol of the monomer mixture (C), the reaction rate tends to be slow and the productivity tends to decrease, and the amount of polymerization initiator used is 1 If it exceeds 0.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 mol, the polymerization tends to be difficult to control.
- the polymerization temperature in the radical polymerization performed by the production method of the present invention is preferably 110 to 170 ° C, more preferably 120 to 160 ° C, and further preferably 130 to 150 ° C.
- the polymerization temperature is less than 110 ° C, the viscosity of the reaction solution tends to be high, and a large power tends to be required for mixing.
- the polymerization temperature exceeds 170 ° C, Thermal stability tends to decrease.
- the polymerization time in radical polymerization is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 4 hours, more preferably in the range of 1 to 3 hours, and still more preferably in the range of 1.5 to 2.5 hours.
- the polymerization time is less than 0.5 hours, the required amount of the polymerization initiator (E) increases, and it tends to be difficult to control the polymerization reaction and to adjust the molecular weight.
- productivity tends to decrease.
- the molecular weight distribution of the polymer compound obtained by the production method of the present invention is preferably in the range of 1.6 to 1.8. If the molecular weight distribution is less than 1.6, the moldability tends to decrease, and if it exceeds 1.8, the impact resistance tends to decrease.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polymer compound obtained by the production method of the present invention is preferably in the range of 40,000 to 100,000, more preferably in the range of 45,000 to 80,000, and still more preferably in the range of 50,000 to 60,000. .
- the polymer compound obtained by the production method of the present invention is excellent in transparency, moldability, and impact resistance, it is useful as various molded products.
- molded articles having various shapes of mechanical strength and appearance can be obtained by known melt-heat molding such as injection molding, compression molding, extrusion molding, and vacuum molding.
- molded products examples include billboards such as advertising towers, stand signs, sleeve signs, cross-border signs, and rooftop signs; display products such as showcases, partition plates, and store displays; fluorescent lamp covers, mood lighting covers, lamp shades, Lighting products such as optical ceilings, light walls, and chandeliers; interior items such as pendants and mirrors; doors, domes, safety window glass, partitions, staircases, balcony stools, and roofs of leisure buildings; aircraft windshields , Pilot visor, motorcycle, motorboat windshield, bus shading plate, automotive side visor, rear visor, head wing, headlight cover, meter cover, tail lamp cover and other parts related to transport equipment; name plate for audio images, stereo cover, TV Electronic equipment such as protective masks and vending machines Parts: Medical equipment parts such as incubators and X-ray parts; equipment-related parts such as machine covers, instrument covers, experimental devices, rulers, dials, observation windows; LCD protective plates, light guide plates, light guide films, Fresnel lenses, lenticulars Optical parts such
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) and molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) of the polymer compounds obtained in the examples and comparative examples are shown in columns (TSO gel SUPERHZM-TS and TSKguard column SUPERHZ-H, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) and the differential refractive index. It was determined in terms of polystyrene in a tetrahydrofuran solvent at 40 ° C. using a gel permeation chromatograph (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation, RI-8020) equipped with a total (HLC-8020, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation).
- MFR The MFR of the polymer compounds obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples was measured at a temperature of 230 ° C. and a load of 37.3 N in accordance with JIS K7210.
- a test piece was cut out from a flat plate having a thickness of 6 mm so as to have an optical path length of 200 mm, and the transmittance of light having a wavelength of 550 nm at an optical path length of 200 mm was measured.
- methyl methacrylate is MMA
- methyl acrylate is MA
- azobisisobutyronitrile is AIBN
- n-octyl mercaptan is n-OM
- pentaerythritol tetrakisthiopropionate is PETP
- ethylene glycol thiobisglycolate EGTG 1,2,3-propanetristhiol is expressed as PTT
- EGDMA ethylene glycol dimethacrylate
- Example 1 In a polymerization reactor equipped with a stirrer, a monomer mixture (C) (1 mol part) comprising 89 parts by mass (0.87 mol part) of MMA and 11 parts by mass (0.13 mol part) of MMA, a polymerization initiator (E ) was continuously supplied as a mixed liquid consisting of 0.007 parts by mass of AIBN (4.2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 parts by mole) as 0.67 parts by mass of PETP as the polyfunctional chain transfer agent (D). Under this condition, the constant f is 0.0029. These were subjected to bulk polymerization under the conditions of a polymerization temperature of 140 ° C. and an average residence time of 2 hours, and the polymerization reaction solution was continuously extracted.
- the reaction mixture solution coming out of the polymerization reactor was heated to 230 ° C. and supplied to a twin screw extruder controlled at 260 ° C.
- a twin screw extruder controlled at 260 ° C.
- volatile components mainly composed of unreacted monomers were separated and removed, and the polymer was extruded in a strand shape.
- the strand was cut with a pelletizer to obtain a pellet-shaped polymer compound.
- the evaluation results of the obtained polymer compound are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 A pellet-shaped polymer compound was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 0.44 parts by mass of EGTG was used as the polyfunctional chain transfer agent (D) instead of PETP in Example 1. In this condition, the constant f is 0.0030. The evaluation results of the obtained polymer compound are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 The same procedure as in Example 1 was conducted except that the amount of PETP in Example 1 was changed to 0.52 parts by mass and that 0.13 parts by mass of n-OM was used as the monofunctional chain transfer agent (D ′). Thus, a pellet-shaped polymer compound was obtained.
- the constant f is 0.0023
- the constant f ′ is 0.0009
- the sum of the constant f and the constant f ′ is 0.0032.
- the ratio (f ′ / f) between the constant f ′ and the constant f is 0.39. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the obtained polymer compound.
- Example 4 A pellet-like polymer compound was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 0.22 parts by mass of PTT was used as the polyfunctional chain transfer agent (D) instead of PETP in Example 1. In this condition, the constant f is 0.0027. The evaluation results of the obtained polymer compound are shown in Table 1.
- Example 1 A pellet-shaped polymer compound was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 0.44 parts by mass of n-OM was used as the monofunctional chain transfer agent (D ′) instead of PETP in Example 1. In this condition, the constant f ′ is 0.0030. The evaluation results of the obtained polymer compound are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 A pellet-shaped polymer compound was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 0.16 parts by mass of EGTG was used as the polyfunctional chain transfer agent (D) instead of PETP in Example 1. In this condition, the constant f is 0.0011. The evaluation results of the obtained polymer compound are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 A pellet-shaped polymer compound was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of PETP in Example 1 was changed to 1.1 parts by mass. In this condition, the constant f is 0.0049. The evaluation results of the obtained polymer compound are shown in Table 1.
- Comparative Example 1 which is different from the present invention in that it is produced only with the monofunctional chain transfer agent (D ′), shows an MFR equivalent to that of the example but is inferior in bending strength.
- the comparative example 2 which is less than the range prescribed
- regulated by Formula (1) in the usage-amount of a polyfunctional chain transfer agent (D) has MFR higher than an Example, it turns out that it is inferior to bending strength.
- Comparative Example 4 that does not satisfy the formula (3) in the usage ratio of the polyfunctional chain transfer agent (D) and the monofunctional chain transfer agent (D ′) shows an MFR value equivalent to that of the example, the bending strength It turns out that it is inferior to.
- Comparative Example 5 in which the amount of the polyfunctional chain transfer agent (D) used exceeds the range defined by the formula (1), and the monomer mixture (C) contains the polyfunctional monomer is an example. It can be seen that the molecular weight distribution is broader than that, and the bending strength and light transmittance are inferior.
- the polymer compound obtained by the production method of the present invention is excellent in both fluidity and impact resistance since both the MFR and the bending strength are excellent. For this reason, a molded product having excellent mechanical strength and appearance can be obtained by using the polymer compound of the present invention.
Abstract
Description
〔1〕メタクリル酸エステル(A)およびメタクリル酸エステル(A)と共重合可能なビニル系単量体(B)からなる単量体混合物(C)並びに1種以上の多官能連鎖移動剤(D)および重合開始剤(E)の存在下でラジカル重合する高分子化合物の製造方法であって、前記単量体混合物(C)100質量部に対する前記多官能連鎖移動剤(D)の使用量が下記式(1)の関係を満たす高分子化合物の製造方法;
〔2〕メタクリル酸エステル(A)およびメタクリル酸エステル(A)と共重合可能なビニル系単量体(B)からなる単量体混合物(C)並びに1種以上の多官能連鎖移動剤(D)、1種以上の単官能連鎖移動剤(D’)および重合開始剤(E)の存在下でラジカル重合する高分子化合物の製造方法であって、前記単量体混合物(C)100質量部に対する前記多官能連鎖移動剤(D)および前記多官能連鎖移動剤(D’)の使用量が下記式(2)および式(3)の関係を満たす高分子化合物の製造方法;
〔3〕前記重合開始剤(E)を0.001~0.01質量部の範囲で使用することを特徴とする前記〔1〕または〔2〕のいずれかに記載の高分子化合物の製造方法;
〔4〕前記〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれかに記載の製造方法により得られる高分子化合物;および
〔5〕前記〔4〕に記載の高分子化合物からなる成形品;
を提供することにより達成される。
実施例、比較例で得られた高分子化合物を、射出成形機((株)日本製鋼所製、J75SAV)を用いて、H1/H2/HV/H3/MH=200/210/230/250/250℃、金型温度60℃の条件で射出成形を行うことで、試験片を作製した。かかる試験片を用いて成形品の物性値を測定した。
実施例、比較例で得られた高分子化合物の重量平均分子量(Mw)および分子量分布(Mw/Mn)を、カラム(東ソー(株)製、TSKgelSUPERHZM-MおよびTSKguard columnSUPERHZ-H)および示差屈折率計(東ソー(株)製、RI-8020)を備えたゲル浸透クロマトグラフ(東ソー(株)製、HLC-8020)により、40℃、テトラヒドロフラン溶媒中にてポリスチレン換算で求めた。
実施例、比較例で得られた高分子化合物のMFRを、JIS K7210に準拠して、温度230℃、荷重37.3Nで測定した。
実施例、比較例で得られた高分子化合物から作製した80mm×10mm×4mmの試験片を用いて、JIS K7203に準拠して測定した曲げ強さによって評価した。
厚さ6mmの平板から光路長200mmとなるように試験片を切り出し、波長550nmの光の光路長200mmにおける透過率を測定した。
攪拌機を備えた重合反応器に、MMA89質量部(0.87モル部)およびMA11質量部(0.13モル部)からなる単量体混合物(C)(1モル部)、重合開始剤(E)としてAIBN0.007質量部(4.2×10-5モル部)、多官能連鎖移動剤(D)としてPETP0.66質量部からなる混合液を連続的に供給した。本条件において定数fは0.0029である。これらを重合温度140℃、平均滞留時間2時間となる条件で塊状重合を実施し、連続的に重合反応液を抜き出した。次いで、重合反応器から出てきた反応混合液を230℃に加温し、260℃に制御された二軸押出機に供給した。該二軸押出機において未反応単量体を主成分とする揮発分を分離除去して、重合体をストランド状に押し出した。該ストランドをペレタイザーでカットし、ペレット状の高分子化合物を得た。得られた高分子化合物の評価結果を表1に示す。
実施例1におけるPETPの代わりに、多官能連鎖移動剤(D)としてEGTG0.44質量部を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、ペレット状の高分子化合物を得た。なお、本条件において定数fは0.0030である。得られた高分子化合物の評価結果を表1に示す。
実施例1におけるPETPの量を0.52質量部に変更し、かつ、併せて単官能連鎖移動剤(D’)としてn-OM0.13質量部を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして、ペレット状の高分子化合物を得た。なお、本条件において定数fは0.0023、定数f’は0.0009であり、定数fと定数f’の和は0.0032である。また、定数f’と定数fとの比(f’/f)は0.39である。得られた当該高分子化合物の評価結果を表1に示す。
実施例1におけるPETPの代わりに多官能連鎖移動剤(D)としてPTT0.22質量部を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、ペレット状の高分子化合物を得た。なお、本条件において定数fは0.0027である。得られた高分子化合物の評価結果を表1に示す。
実施例1におけるPETPの代わりに単官能連鎖移動剤(D’)としてn-OM0.44質量部を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、ペレット状の高分子化合物を得た。なお、本条件において定数f’は0.0030である。得られた高分子化合物の評価結果を表1に示す。
実施例1におけるPETPの代わりに多官能連鎖移動剤(D)としてEGTG0.16質量部を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、ペレット状の高分子化合物を得た。なお、本条件において定数fは0.0011である。得られた高分子化合物の評価結果を表1に示す。
実施例1におけるPETPの量を1.1質量部に変更して用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、ペレット状の高分子化合物を得た。なお、本条件において定数fは0.0049である。得られた高分子化合物の評価結果を表1に示す。
実施例1におけるPETPの代わりに多官能連鎖移動剤(D)としてEGTG0.22質量部を用い、かつ、併せて単官能連鎖移動剤(D’)としてn-OM0.35質量部を用いたこと以外は、比較例1と同様にして、ペレット状の高分子化合物を得た。なお、本条件において定数fは0.0015、定数f’は0.0024であり、定数fと定数f’の和は0.0039である。また、定数f’と定数fとの比(f’/f)は1.6である。得られた高分子化合物の評価結果を表1に示す。
MMA89質量部(0.87モル部)、MA11質量部(0.13モル部)およびEGDMA0.10質量部(5.0×10-4モル部)からなる単量体混合物(C)(1.0005モル部)を用いて、PETPの代わりに多官能連鎖移動剤(D)としてEGTG0.70質量部を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、ペレット状の高分子化合物を得た。なお、本条件において定数fは0.0047である。得られた高分子化合物の評価結果を表1に示す。
また、多官能連鎖移動剤(D)の使用量において式(1)で規定する範囲を下回る比較例2は、実施例と比較して曲げ強さが優れるものの、MFRが大幅に低く、流動性に劣ることが分かる。
また、多官能連鎖移動剤(D)の使用量において式(1)で規定する範囲を上回る比較例3は、実施例と比較してMFRが高いものの、曲げ強さに劣ることが分かる。
さらに、多官能連鎖移動剤(D)と単官能連鎖移動剤(D’)の使用比率において式(3)を満たさない比較例4は、実施例と同等のMFR値を示すものの、曲げ強さに劣ることが分かる。
また、多官能連鎖移動剤(D)の使用量において式(1)で規定する範囲を上回り、かつ単量体混合物(C)に多官能単量体を含んでいる比較例5は、実施例と比較して分子量分布が広く、曲げ強さおよび光線透過率に劣ることが分かる。
以上のように本発明の製造方法によって得られる高分子化合物は、MFRと曲げ強さの両方が優れることから、流動性と耐衝撃性に優れる。このことから本発明の高分子化合物を用いることで力学強度と外観に優れる成形品を得ることができる。
Claims (5)
- メタクリル酸エステル(A)およびメタクリル酸エステル(A)と共重合可能なビニル系単量体(B)からなる単量体混合物(C)並びに1種以上の多官能連鎖移動剤(D)、1種以上の単官能連鎖移動剤(D’)および重合開始剤(E)の存在下でラジカル重合する高分子化合物の製造方法であって、前記単量体混合物(C)100質量部に対する前記多官能連鎖移動剤(D)および前記多官能連鎖移動剤(D’)の使用量が下記式(2)および式(3)の関係を満たすことを特徴とする高分子化合物の製造方法。
(式(2)、(3)中、a、bおよびpは1以上の整数をそれぞれ表し、Mp、npおよびWpはa種の多官能連鎖移動剤(D)のうちの任意の多官能連鎖移動剤(Dp)の分子量、官能基数および量(質量部)をそれぞれ表し、M’pおよびW’pはb種の単官能連鎖移動剤(D’)のうちの任意の単官能連鎖移動剤(D’p)の分子量および量(質量部)をそれぞれ表す。) - 前記重合開始剤(E)を0.001~0.01質量部の範囲で使用することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の高分子化合物の製造方法。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法により得られる高分子化合物。
- 請求項4に記載の高分子化合物からなる成形品。
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CN104203990A (zh) | 2014-12-10 |
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