WO2013121869A1 - 第4級塩の除去方法 - Google Patents
第4級塩の除去方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013121869A1 WO2013121869A1 PCT/JP2013/051735 JP2013051735W WO2013121869A1 WO 2013121869 A1 WO2013121869 A1 WO 2013121869A1 JP 2013051735 W JP2013051735 W JP 2013051735W WO 2013121869 A1 WO2013121869 A1 WO 2013121869A1
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- quaternary salt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C209/82—Purification; Separation; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C209/86—Separation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/04—Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
- B01D11/0492—Applications, solvents used
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for removing a quaternary salt.
- Quaternary salts such as alkylammonium salts are used in a wide range of fields as surfactants, phase transfer catalysts, ionic conductive electrolytes, photoresist developer raw materials, bactericides, antistatic agents, dispersants, and the like. Since these compounds are expensive, it is preferable to recover and reuse them. However, in order to reuse the quaternary salt, steps such as recovery by concentration of the organic solution and extraction treatment from wastewater are required, and thus there is a problem that time and labor are required. Therefore, in order to efficiently perform reuse or post-treatment, it is important in terms of economic efficiency of the industrial production process to efficiently remove the quaternary salt from the solution in advance. The proposal regarding the removal method of the following quaternary salts has been made until now.
- Non-Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 1 disclose that a quaternary salt is extracted from an organic solvent using water.
- Patent Document 2 it is disclosed that an organic solution containing a quaternary salt is washed with water and then extracted from the washing solution with methylene chloride to remove the quaternary salt.
- Patent Document 3 adsorbs and removes a quaternary salt with activated carbon
- Patent Document 4 adsorbs a surfactant using cyclodextrin
- Patent Document 5 uses an ion-exchange resin. It has been reported to adsorb and remove quaternary salts.
- Non-Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 1 it is possible to extract a highly hydrophilic quaternary salt, but a highly hydrophobic quaternary salt. Since the salt forms an emulsion, there is a problem that it cannot be separated by this method or takes a long time to separate. In addition, when extracting a highly hydrophilic quaternary salt, the removal efficiency can be relatively increased by increasing the number of extractions, but there is a problem that the amount of waste water increases. Since the method described in Patent Document 2 uses a halogen-based solvent, it cannot be said to be a desirable method from the viewpoint of the environment, and the use conditions are limited.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently removing a quaternary salt from an organic solvent.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies on a method for removing a quaternary salt from an organic solvent solution containing a quaternary salt. As a result, an aqueous solution of a specific compound was used. The inventors have found that a quaternary salt can be removed from an organic solvent, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention provides the following quaternary salt removal method.
- Item 1 At least one selected from the group consisting of a compound (a1) having an anionic functional group and a polymer (a2) containing at least one carboxyl group or sulfonic acid group in an organic solvent solution containing a quaternary salt.
- a method for removing a quaternary salt comprising contacting an aqueous solution containing quaternary salt and removing the quaternary salt from the organic solvent.
- Item 4. The method for removing a quaternary salt according to Item 1, wherein the organic solvent solution containing the quaternary salt is washed with an alkaline aqueous solution.
- Item 3. Item 3.
- Item 4. The method for removing a quaternary salt according to any one of Items 1 to 3, wherein the quaternary salt has a total carbon number in the range of 10 to 40.
- the component (a1) is selected from the group consisting of acetic acid, carbonic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, glutaric acid, malonic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, gluconic acid, phosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid and alkali metal salts thereof. 5.
- the quaternary salt can be efficiently removed from the organic solvent solution containing the quaternary salt. Since the method of the present invention can remove the quaternary salt by a simple operation using an inexpensive remover compared with the conventional method, the load on the industrial production process is greatly reduced and economical. Is also advantageous. This method can be used in a wide range of fields such as medicine, analysis, chemical synthesis, and semiconductors.
- the present invention is selected from the group consisting of a compound (a1) having an anionic functional group and a polymer (a2) containing at least one carboxyl group or sulfonic acid group in an organic solvent solution containing a quaternary salt.
- the quaternary salt is removed by contacting the aqueous solution containing at least one of the quaternary salt and removing the quaternary salt from the organic solvent.
- the compound (a1) having an anionic functional group (hereinafter referred to as “component (a1)”) used in the method for removing a quaternary salt of the present invention is a compound having an anionic functional group in the molecule or a salt thereof. If it is, it will not specifically limit, A well-known thing can be used.
- the anionic functional group include a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, and a phosphoric acid group.
- the salt include alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts, but alkali metal salts are preferable, and sodium salts are particularly preferable from the viewpoint of industrial availability.
- Compounds that can be used as component (a1) include acetic acid, (meth) acrylic acid, carbonic acid, (anhydrous) succinic acid, (anhydrous) maleic acid, fumaric acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, malonic acid, citric acid, Compounds containing carboxyl groups such as tartaric acid, gluconic acid, oxalic acid, adipic acid, terephthalic acid, (anhydrous) phthalic acid, aspartic acid and glutamic acid; sulfonic acids such as p-toluenesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid and methanesulfonic acid In addition to a compound having a group; a compound having a phosphate group such as phosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, and polyphosphoric acid; These may be used individually by 1 type, and 2 or more types may be mixed and used for them.
- acetic acid, carbonic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, glutaric acid, malonic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, gluconic acid, phosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, and alkali metal salts thereof are particularly preferable.
- the amount of component (a1) used is selected from the range of 0.5 to 20 times, preferably 1 to 10 times the weight of the quaternary salt contained in the solution to be treated. When the amount is less than this range, the removal efficiency of the quaternary salt is lowered, and thus a plurality of treatments are required. If it is more than this range, the removal efficiency of the quaternary salt will be high, but it will be added more than necessary, which is not economically preferable.
- concentration or pH of aqueous solution suitably according to a process solution. It is preferable to adjust the amounts of the component (a1) and water so that the concentration in the aqueous solution is 1 to 30% by weight.
- the pH is preferably adjusted to be in the range of 1.5 to 13.5 with sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide or the like.
- the polymer (a2) (hereinafter referred to as “component (a2)”) containing at least one carboxyl group or sulfonic acid group used in the method for removing a quaternary salt of the present invention is a carboxyl group or sulfonic acid.
- the polymer is not particularly limited as long as it is a polymer obtained by polymerizing a monomer containing at least one group or a salt thereof, and a known one can be used.
- the salt include alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts, but alkali metal salts are preferable, and sodium salts are particularly preferable.
- polymers having a carboxyl group such as poly (meth) acrylic acid, polymaleic acid, carboxymethylcellulose, polyaspartic acid, polyglutamic acid, polyalginic acid, poly (meth) acrylic acid / maleic acid copolymer, etc.
- a polymer having a sulfonic acid group such as polystyrene sulfonic acid; a polymer having a carboxyl group and a sulfonic acid group such as a poly (meth) acrylic acid / sulfonic acid copolymer; or an alkali metal salt thereof.
- the neutralization rate of the alkali metal salt is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 90%.
- polyacrylic acid, polymaleic acid, polystyrene sulfonic acid, carboxymethyl cellulose, and alkali metal salts or alkali metal partial salts thereof are preferable.
- these alkali metal salts are those in which the polymer is completely alkali metal salt
- these alkali metal partial salts are those in which the polymer is partially alkali metal salt.
- component (a2) polyacrylic acid and polymaleic acid are particularly preferable.
- the amount of component (a2) used is 0.5 to 5.0 times, preferably 1 to 2.5 times the weight of the quaternary salt contained in the solution to be treated.
- the molecular weight of the polymer to be used is not particularly limited, but the weight average molecular weight (polystyrene conversion value by gel permeation chromatography method) is 500 to 200,000, preferably from the viewpoint of liquid separation property or operability. A range from 1,000 to 100,000 can be selected. What is necessary is just to adjust the density
- the pH is preferably adjusted to be in the range of 1.5 to 13.5 with sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide or the like.
- Component (a1) and component (a2) may be used in combination.
- the amount of each component used is not particularly limited, but usually 10 to 500 parts by weight of component (a2) is used per 100 parts by weight of component (a1).
- the concentration of the mixture of component (a1) and component (a2) in the aqueous solution is not particularly limited, but is preferably adjusted to 1 to 20% by weight.
- the pH is preferably adjusted to be in the range of 1.5 to 13.5.
- the quaternary salt is removed by bringing an aqueous solution containing the component (a1) and / or the component (a2) into contact with an organic solvent solution containing the quaternary salt.
- the temperature at the time of contact is not particularly limited, but is usually 0 to 100 ° C., preferably 20 to 60 ° C. When the temperature is 20 ° C. or higher, the liquid separation property is improved and the workability is improved. However, when the temperature exceeds 60 ° C., it takes energy and time required for heating, and further cooling requires energy and time for liquid separation. .
- the contact time is not particularly limited, but is usually 1 to 180 minutes, preferably 5 to 60 minutes. By removing the quaternary salt for 5 minutes or more, the removal efficiency of the quaternary salt is increased. However, if the quaternary salt is exceeded for 60 minutes, the quaternary salt is sufficiently equilibrated.
- the organic solvent solution containing a quaternary salt with alkaline aqueous solution, before making it contact with the aqueous solution containing a component (a1) and / or a component (a2).
- the alkaline aqueous solution that can be used include aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, tetramethylammonium hydroxide, and the like.
- Examples of the quaternary salt removed in the method for removing a quaternary salt of the present invention include a quaternary ammonium salt and a quaternary phosphonium salt.
- Specific examples of applicable quaternary ammonium salts include trioctylmethylammonium salt, trioctylethylammonium salt, tridecanylmethylammonium salt, trialkylmethyl (octyl group and decanyl group mixed type) ammonium salt, trihexa Decylmethylammonium salt, dialkyldimethyl (mixed type of alkyl chain C8 to C18) ammonium salt, dilauryldimethylammonium salt, didecyldimethylammonium salt, dioctyldimethylammonium salt, dioleyldimethylammonium salt, lauryltrimethylammonium salt, stearyltrimethyl Ammonium salt, lauryldimethylbenzylammonium salt, di
- the quaternary phosphonium salt examples include tetraphenylphosphonium salt, tetra-n-ethylphosphonium salt, tetra-n-propylphosphonium salt, tetra-n-butylphosphonium salt, di-n-decyldimethylphosphonium salt, di- -N-octadecyldimethylphosphonium salt, tri-n-decylmethylphosphonium salt, benzyltributylphosphonium salt, phenyltrimethylphosphonium salt, tetraphenylphosphonium salt and the like.
- an ammonium salt is preferable.
- anionic species of these salts specifically, chloride ions, bromide ions, iodide ions, hydroxide ions, nitrate ions, sulfate ions, hydrogen sulfate ions, acetate ions, carbonate ions , Hydrogen carbonate ions, phosphate ions, hydrogen phosphate ions, and the like.
- the method of the present invention is excellent in the removal effect of a quaternary salt having a total carbon number of 10 to 40 among the quaternary salts described above, and in particular, trioctylmethylammonium salt, trialkylmethyl (octyl group and decanyl).
- Ammonium salt dialkyldimethyl (mixed type of alkyl chain C8 to C18) ammonium salt, dilauryldimethylammonium salt, didecyldimethylammonium salt and dioctyldimethylammonium salt are remarkably effective.
- the solvent of the organic solvent solution to which the quaternary salt removal method of the present invention is applied is not particularly limited as long as it is immiscible with water.
- Specific examples include toluene, xylene, chloroform, chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene, dichlorotoluene, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, hexane, cyclohexane, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, diethyl ether and the like.
- toluene the removal efficiency of the quaternary salt is increased.
- the quaternary salt is efficiently removed from the organic solvent solution containing the quaternary salt by using the aqueous solution containing the component (a1) and / or the component (a2). Can be removed. Since the method of the present invention can remove the quaternary salt by a simple operation using an inexpensive remover compared with the conventional method, the load on the industrial production process is greatly reduced and economical. Is also advantageous. Further, by using the method of the present invention, the quaternary salt can be recovered or reused. This method can be used in a wide range of fields such as medicine, analysis, chemical synthesis, and semiconductors.
- Example 1 50 g of a toluene solution containing 0.8 g of trioctylmethylammonium chloride as a quaternary salt was brought into contact with 30 g of an aqueous solution containing 6.3 g of polyphosphoric acid as a removing agent by stirring the two phases at 25 ° C. for 30 minutes. . Next, the organic phase and the aqueous phase were separated, the organic phase was concentrated under reduced pressure at 60 ° C. for 1 hour with an evaporator, and the weight of the resulting quaternary salt was measured.
- Removal rate (%) (weight of quaternary salt contained in organic phase before treatment ⁇ weight of quaternary salt contained in organic phase after treatment) ⁇ 100 / the amount contained in organic phase before treatment Quaternary salt weight
- Example 2 The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that 2.6 g of the removing agent was glutaric acid. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 75%.
- Example 3 The same operation as in Example 1 was carried out except that quaternary salt was changed to 0.75 g of dialkyldimethylammonium chloride (a mixture of alkyl chains of C8 to C18). The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 70%.
- Example 4 The same operation as in Example 3 was performed except that 4.6 g of the removing agent was pyrophosphoric acid. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 89.0%.
- Example 5 The same operation as in Example 1 was carried out except that the quaternary salt was 0.80 g of didecyldimethylammonium chloride and the removal agent was 1.8 g of sodium acetate. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 98.8%.
- Example 6 The same operation as in Example 5 was carried out except that the removing agent was changed to 1.8 g of sodium hydrogen carbonate. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 80.0%.
- Example 7 The same operation as in Example 5 was performed except that the removing agent was 2.2 g of phosphoric acid. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 86.3%.
- Example 8 The same operation as in Example 5 was carried out except that the removing agent was 3.6 g of pyrophosphoric acid. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 93.8%.
- Example 9 The same operation as in Example 5 was performed except that 7.0 g of polyphosphoric acid was used as the removing agent. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 90.0%.
- Example 10 The same operation as in Example 5 was carried out except that the removing agent was 2.2 g of succinic acid and the pH of the aqueous solution was adjusted to 13.5 with sodium hydroxide. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 91.3%.
- Example 11 The same operation as in Example 5 was performed except that the removing agent was 2.9 g of glutaric acid and the pH of the aqueous solution was adjusted to 13.5 with sodium hydroxide. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 97.5%.
- Example 12 The same operation as in Example 5 was performed except that the removing agent was 4.2 g of citric acid and the pH of the aqueous solution was adjusted to 13.5 with sodium hydroxide. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 91.3%.
- Example 13 The removal agent is 1.6 g of sodium polyacrylate (molecular weight 2000 (polystyrene conversion value by gel permeation chromatography, hereinafter, molecular weight of removal agent is polystyrene conversion value by gel permeation chromatography)) 1.6 g, pH of aqueous solution was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that was adjusted to 2.0 with sulfuric acid. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 93.8%.
- sodium polyacrylate molecular weight 2000 (polystyrene conversion value by gel permeation chromatography, hereinafter, molecular weight of removal agent is polystyrene conversion value by gel permeation chromatography)
- Example 14 The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that the removing agent was 1.6 g of sodium polyacrylate (molecular weight: 6000) and the pH of the aqueous solution was adjusted to 1.7 with sulfuric acid. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 92.5%.
- Example 15 The removal agent was sodium polyacrylate (molecular weight 50000) 1.6 g, and the same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that the pH of the aqueous solution was adjusted to 1.6 with sulfuric acid. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 98.8%.
- Example 16 The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that the removing agent was 1.6 g (pH 2.0) of polyacrylic acid (molecular weight 6000). The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 86.3%.
- Example 17 Example 1 except that polymaleic acid (trade name: Nonpol (registered trademark) PMA-50W) manufactured by NOF Corporation was used as a remover in an amount such that the solid content of polymaleic acid was 1.6 g (pH 1.4). The same operation was performed. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 86.3%.
- polymaleic acid trade name: Nonpol (registered trademark) PMA-50W
- Example 18 The removal agent was polyacrylic acid / sulfonic acid copolymer sodium (molecular weight 6000) 1.6 g, and the same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that the pH of the aqueous solution was adjusted to 2.0 with sulfuric acid. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 96.3%.
- Example 19 The same operation as in Example 3 was performed except that the removing agent was 1.6 g (pH 8.0) of sodium polyacrylate (molecular weight 2000). The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 75.0%.
- Example 20 The same operation as in Example 3 was carried out except that the removing agent was 1.6 g (pH 8.3) of sodium polyacrylate (molecular weight 50000). The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 97.0%.
- Example 21 The same operation as in Example 3 was performed except that the removing agent was 1.6 g (pH 2.0) of polyacrylic acid (molecular weight 6000). The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 88.0%.
- Example 22 The same operation as in Example 3 was performed except that the removing agent was 1.6 g of sodium polystyrene sulfonate (molecular weight 70000) and the pH of the aqueous solution was adjusted to 1.1 with sulfuric acid. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 92.0%.
- Example 23 The same operation as in Example 3 was carried out except that the removing agent was 1.6 g (pH 7.9) of polyacrylic acid / sodium maleate (molecular weight 60000). The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 81.3%.
- Example 24 The same operation as in Example 3 was performed except that the removing agent was 1.6 g (pH 7.3) of sodium polyacrylic acid / sulfonic acid copolymer (molecular weight 6000). The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 68.0%.
- Example 25 The same operation as in Example 5 was performed except that the removing agent was 1.6 g (pH 2.0) of polyacrylic acid (molecular weight 6000). The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 99.0%.
- Example 26 The same operation as in Example 5 was performed except that the removing agent was 1.6 g of sodium polyacrylate (molecular weight: 6000) and the pH of the aqueous solution was adjusted to 13.5 with sodium hydroxide. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 96.3%.
- Example 27 The same operation as in Example 5 was performed except that 1.6 g (pH 5.4) of sodium polystyrene sulfonate (molecular weight 70000) was used as a removing agent. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 91.3%.
- Example 28 The same operation as in Example 16 was performed except that 50 g of a toluene solution containing 0.8 g of trioctylmethylammonium chloride as a quaternary salt was treated with 32 g of an aqueous solution in which 0.8 g of sodium hydroxide was dissolved in advance. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 95.0%.
- Example 29 The same operation as in Example 17 was performed except that 50 g of a toluene solution containing 0.8 g of trioctylmethylammonium chloride as a quaternary salt was treated with 32 g of an aqueous solution in which 0.8 g of sodium hydroxide was dissolved in advance. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 92.2%.
- Comparative Example 1 The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that the remover was not used. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 9.3%.
- Comparative Example 2 The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that the removing agent was not used and the pH of the aqueous solution was adjusted to pH 1.2 with sulfuric acid. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 0%.
- Comparative Example 3 The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that the remover was not used and the pH of the aqueous solution was adjusted to pH 13.5 with sodium hydroxide. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 1.3%.
- Comparative Example 4 The same operation as in Example 3 was performed except that the remover was not used. Since an emulsion was formed, it could not be separated.
- Comparative Example 5 The same operation as in Example 3 was performed except that the remover was not used and the pH of the aqueous solution was adjusted to pH 1.2 with sulfuric acid. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 0%.
- Comparative Example 6 The same operation as in Example 3 was performed except that the remover was not used and the pH of the aqueous solution was adjusted to pH 13.5 with sodium hydroxide. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 17.3%.
- Comparative Example 7 The same operation as in Example 5 was performed except that the remover was not used. Since an emulsion was formed, it could not be separated.
- Comparative Example 8 The same operation as in Example 5 was performed except that the remover was not used and the pH of the aqueous solution was adjusted to pH 1.2 with sulfuric acid. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 0%.
- Comparative Example 9 The same operation as in Example 5 was performed except that the remover was not used and the pH of the aqueous solution was adjusted to pH 13.5 with sodium hydroxide. The removal rate of the quaternary salt was 21.3%.
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Abstract
Description
項1. 第4級塩を含有する有機溶剤溶液に、アニオン性官能基を有する化合物(a1)及びカルボキシル基又はスルホン酸基を少なくとも1種以上含有する重合体(a2)からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種を含有する水溶液を接触させ、有機溶剤から第4級塩を除去する、第4級塩の除去方法。
項2. 前記第4級塩を含有する有機溶剤溶液が、アルカリ性水溶液で洗浄したものである上記項1に記載の第4級塩の除去方法。
項3. 前記第4級塩がアンモニウム塩である上記項1又は2記載の第4級塩の除去方法。
項4. 前記第4級塩の総炭素数が10~40の範囲である上記項1~3のいずれかに記載の第4級塩の除去方法。
項5. 前記成分(a1)が、酢酸、炭酸、コハク酸、マレイン酸、グルタル酸、マロン酸、クエン酸、酒石酸、グルコン酸、リン酸、ピロリン酸、ポリリン酸及びこれらのアルカリ金属塩からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種である上記項1~4のいずれかに記載の第4級塩の除去方法。
項6. 前記成分(a2)が、ポリアクリル酸、ポリマレイン酸、ポリスチレンスルホン酸、カルボキシメチルセルロース及びこれらのアルカリ金属塩又はアルカリ金属部分塩からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種である上記項1~5のいずれかに記載の第4級塩の除去方法。
項7. 前記水溶液のpHを1.5~13.5に調整する上記項1~6のいずれかに記載の第4級塩の除去方法。
第4級塩として塩化トリオクチルメチルアンモニウムを0.8g含むトルエン溶液50gに、除去剤としてポリリン酸6.3gを含有する水溶液30gを25℃、30分間、二相を攪拌することによって接触させた。次いで有機相と水相とを分離し、有機相をエバポレーターで60℃で1時間減圧濃縮し、得られた第4級塩の重量を測定した。そして、この処理後の有機層に含まれる第4級塩の重量と処理前の有機相に含有されていた第4級塩の重量とから、以下の式に従い除去率を算出したところ、74%であった。
除去率(%)=(処理前の有機相に含まれる第4級塩の重量-処理後の有機相中に含まれる第4級塩の重量)×100/処理前の有機相に含まれる第4級塩の重量
除去剤をグルタル酸2.6gとした以外は実施例1と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は75%であった。
第4級塩を塩化ジアルキルジメチルアンモニウム(アルキル鎖がC8~C18の混合物)0.75gとした以外は実施例1と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は70%であった。
除去剤をピロリン酸4.6gとした以外は実施例3と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は89.0%であった。
第4級塩を塩化ジデシルジメチルアンモニウム0.80gとし、除去剤を酢酸ナトリウム1.8gとした以外は実施例1と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は98.8%であった。
除去剤を炭酸水素ナトリウム1.8gとした以外は実施例5と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は80.0%であった。
除去剤をリン酸2.2gとした以外は実施例5と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は86.3%であった。
除去剤をピロリン酸3.6gとした以外は実施例5と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は93.8%であった。
除去剤をポリリン酸7.0gとした以外は実施例5と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は90.0%であった。
除去剤をコハク酸2.2gとし、水溶液のpHを水酸化ナトリウムで13.5に調整した以外は実施例5と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は91.3%であった。
除去剤をグルタル酸2.9gとし、水溶液のpHを水酸化ナトリウムで13.5に調整した以外は実施例5と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は97.5%であった。
除去剤をクエン酸4.2gとし、水溶液のpHを水酸化ナトリウムで13.5に調整した以外は実施例5と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は91.3%であった。
除去剤をポリアクリル酸ナトリウム(分子量2000(ゲルパーメーションクロマトグラフィー法によるポリスチレン換算値、以下、除去剤の分子量はゲルパーメーションクロマトグラフィーによるポリスチレン換算値である))1.6gとし、水溶液のpHを硫酸で2.0に調整した以外は実施例1と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は93.8%であった。
除去剤をポリアクリル酸ナトリウム(分子量6000)1.6gとし、水溶液のpHを硫酸で1.7に調整した以外は実施例1と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は92.5%であった。
除去剤をポリアクリル酸ナトリウム(分子量50000)1.6gとし、水溶液のpHを硫酸で1.6に調整した以外は実施例1と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は98.8%であった。
除去剤をポリアクリル酸(分子量6000)1.6g(pH2.0)とした以外は実施例1と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は86.3%であった。
除去剤として日油(株)製ポリマレイン酸(商品名:ノンポール(登録商標)PMA-50W)をポリマレイン酸固形分が1.6g(pH1.4)となる量で使用した以外は実施例1と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は86.3%であった。
除去剤をポリアクリル酸/スルホン酸共重合体ナトリウム(分子量6000)1.6gとし、水溶液のpHを硫酸で2.0に調整した以外は実施例1と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は96.3%であった。
除去剤をポリアクリル酸ナトリウム(分子量2000)1.6g(pH8.0)とした以外は実施例3と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は75.0%であった。
除去剤をポリアクリル酸ナトリウム(分子量50000)1.6g(pH8.3)とした以外は実施例3と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は97.0%であった。
除去剤をポリアクリル酸(分子量6000)1.6g(pH2.0)とした以外は実施例3と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は88.0%であった。
除去剤をポリスチレンスルホン酸ナトリウム(分子量70000)1.6gとし、水溶液のpHを硫酸で1.1に調整した以外は実施例3と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は92.0%であった。
除去剤をポリアクリル酸/マレイン酸ナトリウム(分子量60000)1.6g(pH7.9)とした以外は実施例3と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は81.3%であった。
除去剤をポリアクリル酸/スルホン酸共重合体ナトリウム(分子量6000)1.6g(pH7.3)とした以外は実施例3と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は68.0%であった。
除去剤をポリアクリル酸(分子量6000)1.6g(pH2.0)とした以外は実施例5と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は99.0%であった。
除去剤をポリアクリル酸ナトリウム(分子量6000)1.6gとし、水溶液のpHを水酸化ナトリウムで13.5に調整した以外は実施例5と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は96.3%であった。
除去剤をポリスチレンスルホン酸ナトリウム(分子量70000)1.6g(pH5.4)とした以外は実施例5と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は91.3%であった。
第4級塩として塩化トリオクチルメチルアンモニウムを0.8g含むトルエン溶液50gを、事前に水酸化ナトリウム0.8g溶解した水溶液32gで処理した以外は実施例16と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は95.0%であった。
第4級塩として塩化トリオクチルメチルアンモニウムを0.8g含むトルエン溶液50gを、事前に水酸化ナトリウム0.8g溶解した水溶液32gで処理した以外は実施例17と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は92.2%であった。
除去剤を用いない以外は実施例1と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は9.3%であった。
除去剤を用いず、水溶液のpHを硫酸でpH1.2にした以外は実施例1と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は0%であった。
除去剤を用いず、水溶液のpHを水酸化ナトリウムでpH13.5とした以外は実施例1と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は1.3%であった。
除去剤を用いない以外は実施例3と同様の操作で行った。エマルジョンを形成したため分離できなかった。
除去剤を用いず、水溶液のpHを硫酸でpH1.2にした以外は実施例3と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は0%であった。
除去剤を用いず、水溶液のpHを水酸化ナトリウムでpH13.5にした以外は実施例3と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は17.3%であった。
除去剤を用いない以外は実施例5と同様の操作で行った。エマルジョンを形成したため分離できなかった。
除去剤を用いず、水溶液のpHを硫酸でpH1.2にした以外は実施例5と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は0%であった。
除去剤を用いず、水溶液のpHを水酸化ナトリウムでpH13.5にした以外は実施例5と同様の操作で行った。第4級塩の除去率は21.3%であった。
Claims (7)
- 第4級塩を含有する有機溶剤溶液に、アニオン性官能基を有する化合物(a1)及びカルボキシル基又はスルホン酸基を少なくとも1種以上含有する重合体(a2)からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種を含有する水溶液を接触させ、有機溶剤から第4級塩を除去する、第4級塩の除去方法。
- 前記第4級塩を含有する有機溶剤溶液が、アルカリ性水溶液で洗浄したものである請求項1に記載の第4級塩の除去方法。
- 前記第4級塩がアンモニウム塩である請求項1又は2記載の第4級塩の除去方法。
- 前記第4級塩の総炭素数が10~40の範囲である請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の第4級塩の除去方法。
- 前記成分(a1)が、酢酸、炭酸、コハク酸、マレイン酸、グルタル酸、マロン酸、クエン酸、酒石酸、グルコン酸、リン酸、ピロリン酸、ポリリン酸及びこれらのアルカリ金属塩からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種である請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の第4級塩の除去方法。
- 前記成分(a2)が、ポリアクリル酸、ポリマレイン酸、ポリスチレンスルホン酸、カルボキシメチルセルロース及びこれらのアルカリ金属塩又はアルカリ金属部分塩からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種である請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の第4級塩の除去方法。
- 前記水溶液のpHを1.5~13.5に調整する請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の第4級塩の除去方法。
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