WO2013104240A1 - 混凝土泵送设备及其末端软管的运动控制系统与方法 - Google Patents

混凝土泵送设备及其末端软管的运动控制系统与方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013104240A1
WO2013104240A1 PCT/CN2012/086917 CN2012086917W WO2013104240A1 WO 2013104240 A1 WO2013104240 A1 WO 2013104240A1 CN 2012086917 W CN2012086917 W CN 2012086917W WO 2013104240 A1 WO2013104240 A1 WO 2013104240A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
boom
end hose
motion
control
motion control
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/086917
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄毅
邝昊
Original Assignee
中联重科股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中联重科股份有限公司 filed Critical 中联重科股份有限公司
Publication of WO2013104240A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013104240A1/zh

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04GSCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/02Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
    • E04G21/04Devices for both conveying and distributing
    • E04G21/0418Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04GSCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/02Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
    • E04G21/04Devices for both conveying and distributing
    • E04G21/0418Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose
    • E04G21/0436Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose on a mobile support, e.g. truck
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04GSCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/02Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
    • E04G21/04Devices for both conveying and distributing
    • E04G21/0418Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose
    • E04G21/0445Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose with booms
    • E04G21/0463Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose with booms with boom control mechanisms, e.g. to automate concrete distribution

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to concrete pumping equipment, and more particularly to a concrete pumping apparatus and a motion control system and method thereof.
  • Concrete pumping equipment is a kind of machinery that uses pressure to continuously transport concrete along pipes. It is widely used in various fields such as road engineering, bridge engineering, underground engineering, industrial and civil construction. Concrete pump trucks are a typical concrete pumping device.
  • the boom of the concrete pump truck generally consists of at least three arm sections, each of which is hinged by an articulated shaft, and each arm section can be rotated by a considerable angle around the hinge shaft, and the arm frame is integrally fixed to the chassis through the turntable.
  • the arm frame is driven by the hydraulic motor to be driven 360 by a turntable about a vertical axis perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
  • the concrete pump truck's duct is attached to the boom and is provided with a terminal hose near the concrete outlet for guiding the concrete.
  • the pump operator can only rely on the wireless remote control or the controller of the pump control electronically to control the telescopic control of each boom cylinder to realize the end of the boom (end Hose) is controlled by the motion of the desired trajectory.
  • the pump operator is not the same person as the end hose operator, and the remote operator is generally far from the pouring position. In many cases, the pump operator It is not known that the operator's specific construction trajectory intention at the end hose is not well communicated with each other, resulting in reduced construction efficiency and even a safety hazard to the operator at the end hose.
  • the invention provides a motion control system for an end hose, comprising an end hose disposed on a last arm joint, the motion control system further comprising a control handle, a boom attitude monitoring unit, a motion control unit, and a motion execution unit.
  • the control handle is mounted on the end hose, and the steering handle is provided with a directional control switch, and the directional control switch is operated by an operator at the end hose to issue a motion control command signal for the direction of movement of the desired end hose.
  • the boom attitude monitoring unit collects the attitude information of the boom in real time and generates a current position signal of the end of the boom, and the motion control unit simultaneously receives the motion control command signal and the current position signal of the end of the boom and generates corresponding
  • the control signal is sent to the motion executing unit, and the motion executing unit controls the end hose to move according to the route desired by the operator according to the control signal.
  • the boom attitude monitoring unit includes a tilt angle sensor disposed on each arm section to collect an angle between each arm section and a horizontal plane in real time, and a rotation amount of the real-time collection boom relative to the turntable disposed on the turntable Angle sensor.
  • the motion control unit determines the amount of motion required for the end of the boom according to the motion control command signal and the current position signal of the end of the boom, and decomposes the amount of motion required for each arm segment. And the amount of rotation required for the turntable.
  • the motion execution unit includes a multi-way valve and a drive assembly
  • the multi-way valve includes a plurality of solenoid valves
  • the drive assembly includes a swing hydraulic motor and a plurality of arm cylinders, the swing hydraulic pressure a motor for driving the rotation of the turntable, the plurality of arm cylinders respectively for driving the expansion and contraction of the plurality of arm sections, the plurality of solenoid valves respectively corresponding to the swing hydraulic motor and the plurality of arm cylinders Correspondingly connected.
  • the control handle is provided with a mode switching switch, and the mode switching switch corresponds to two states, one of which is an end handle control mode, and the other state is a remote control mode, by pressing
  • the mode switch can select a mode for motion control of the boom and switch between the end handle control mode and the remote control mode.
  • the number of the direction control switches is four, respectively An electrical signal is generated that controls the end hose to move downward, upward, outwardly, and in the direction of the inner diameter.
  • the control handle is provided with an integrated switch assembly, and the four directional control switches are integrally disposed on the switch assembly.
  • the handle handle is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the end hose.
  • the control handle includes a first clamp, a second clamp, a first armrest, and a second armrest, and the first clamp and the second clamp are rounded and used for the sleeve.
  • the first armrest and the second armrest are respectively disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the end hose, and the first armrest and the second armrest are respectively disposed at the outer periphery of the first clip and the second clip, and the first armrest and the second armrest are arc-shaped tubular members. Structure, hollow in the middle.
  • the invention also provides a motion control method for the end hose, wherein the end hose disposed on the last arm joint is motion controlled, the end hose is mounted with a control handle and the steering handle is provided with a direction control switch
  • the motion control method includes the following steps:
  • boom attitude monitoring unit uses the boom attitude monitoring unit to collect the attitude information of the boom in real time and generate a current position signal at the end of the boom;
  • the control signal is received by the motion execution unit and the end hose is controlled to move in accordance with a route desired by the operator in accordance with the control signal.
  • the boom attitude monitoring unit includes a tilt angle sensor disposed on each arm section to collect an angle between each arm section and a horizontal plane in real time, and a rotation amount of the real-time collection boom relative to the turntable disposed on the turntable Angle sensor.
  • the motion control unit determines the amount of motion required for the end of the boom according to the motion control command signal and the current position signal of the end of the boom, and decomposes the amount of motion required for each arm section and the turntable. The amount of rotation required.
  • the motion execution unit includes a multi-way valve and a drive assembly
  • the multi-way valve includes a plurality of solenoid valves
  • the drive assembly includes a swing hydraulic motor and a plurality of arm fuel savers a cylinder
  • the swing hydraulic motor is configured to drive the rotation of the turntable
  • the plurality of arm cylinders are respectively used for driving the expansion and contraction of the plurality of arm sections
  • the plurality of solenoid valves are respectively associated with the swing hydraulic motor and the The plurality of arm cylinders are connected to each other.
  • the number of the direction control switches is four, which are respectively used to issue electrical signals for controlling the end hose to move downward, upward, outwardly, and in the direction of the inner diameter.
  • the present invention also provides a concrete pumping apparatus comprising a vehicle body, a turntable, and a boom, the boom being rotatably mounted on the vehicle body via a turntable, the boom having a plurality of arm sections, the concrete pumping
  • the apparatus also includes the motion control system of the end hose described above.
  • the utility model has the beneficial effects that the end hose is equipped with a control handle, and the operator at the end hose can directly operate the direction control switch on the control handle, and the operator can issue the desired end soft according to the actual situation of the pouring site.
  • a motion control command signal in the direction of movement of the tube combined with a current position signal of the end of the boom generated by the boom attitude monitoring unit, to control the movement of the end of the boom (end hose), to improve the movement accuracy of the end hose, Construction efficiency and operator safety.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a concrete pumping apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevational view showing the control handle mounted on the end hose in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3 is a perspective view showing the three-dimensional structure of the control handle mounted on the end hose in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4 is a schematic perspective view of a steering handle of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the distribution of four directional control switches on each switch assembly of the control handle in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a flow chart showing a method of controlling the motion of the end hose in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a motion execution unit in the method shown in FIG. 6. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
  • a concrete pumping apparatus 30 in an embodiment of the present invention includes a vehicle body 31, a turntable 32, and a boom 33 which is rotatably mounted on the vehicle body 31 in a horizontal plane via a turntable 32.
  • the concrete pumping device 30 can be a concrete pump truck, a concrete distributor, or the like.
  • the concrete pumping apparatus having the five-section arm section is taken as an example, but it does not mean that the present invention is only applicable to the concrete pumping apparatus of the five-section arm section.
  • the five arm sections in the boom 33 are a first arm section 331, a second arm section 332, a third arm section 333, a fourth arm section 334, and a fifth arm section 335, respectively, wherein the last arm section is the fifth arm section.
  • An end hose 20 is provided on the 335.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the end hose 20 is sleeved with a handle 10 mounted thereon.
  • the joystick 10 includes a first jaw 11, a second jaw 12, a first armrest 13, a second armrest 14, a first support spoke 15, a second support spoke 16, a first bolt 17, a second bolt 18, mode switching
  • the switch 19 the first switch component 110, the second switch component 120, the third switch component 130, and the fourth switch component 140.
  • the first clamping jaw 11 and the second clamping jaw 12 are respectively semi-circular, and the first clamping jaw 11 and the second clamping jaw 12 are rounded and fixed to the concrete pumping device by the first bolt 17 and the second bolt 18 At a suitable height position of the outer peripheral surface of the end hose 20, the gripping and positioning of the end handle hose 20 by the handle 10 is ensured.
  • the first armrest 13 and the second armrest 14 are arc-shaped tubular structures, and the middle is hollow, and the data lines can be arranged; the first armrest 13 and the second armrest 14 are respectively looped around the first jaw 11 and the second jaw 12 The periphery.
  • the first support spoke 15 is connected between the first clamp 11 and the first armrest 13, and the second support spoke 16 is connected between the second clamp 12 and the second handrail 14; the first support spoke 15 and the second support spoke At least one of the 16 is a hollow structure, and the data lines can be arranged.
  • the first to fourth switch assemblies 110, 120, 130, 140 are symmetrically disposed circumferentially on the first armrest 13 and the second armrest 14 of the joystick 10.
  • the mode changeover switch 19 may be disposed on the first support spoke 15 or the second support spoke 16, for example, at a position on the first support spoke 15 near the first clamp 11 or on the second support The spokes 16 are located adjacent to the second jaw 12.
  • the mode switch 19 corresponds to two states, one of which is the end handle control mode, and the other state is the remote control mode.
  • the two states have an interlock function to ensure that only one of the states is on at any time.
  • the four switch assemblies 110, 120, 130, 140 are evenly disposed along the circumferential direction of the steering handle 10 so that the operator at the end hose 20 can conveniently operate the switch assembly of the joystick 10 in any orientation.
  • the first switch component 110, the second switch component 120, the third switch component 130, and the fourth switch component 140 are each an integrated switch component, and each switch component 110 (120, 130, 140) includes four integrated settings.
  • the direction control switches are respectively switch I, switch II, switch III, and switch IV. Referring to FIG. 5, four direction control switches I, II, and III of each switch component 110 (120, 130, 140) are shown. Schematic diagram of the distribution structure of IV, the switches I, II, III, and IV are respectively disposed at the upper end, the inner side, the lower end, and the outer side of each of the switch assemblies 110 (120, 130, 140).
  • the four directional control switches I, II, III, and IV of each of the switch assemblies 110 are respectively used to generate electric power for controlling the end hose 20 to move downward, upward, outward, and inner diameter.
  • the signal, the four direction control switches I, II, III, IV corresponding to the control direction (downward, upward, outward direction, to the inner diameter direction) can be arbitrary, but preferably with the operator Use habit matching.
  • control signals generated by the directional control switches of the first switch assembly 110 are: operating the switch 1 of the first switch assembly 110 to issue an electrical signal that controls the downward movement of the end hose 20; operating the switch of the first switch assembly 110 II sends an electrical signal for controlling the movement of the end hose 20 in the outer diameter direction; the switch III operating the first switch assembly 110 issues an electrical signal for controlling the upward movement of the end hose 20; operating the switch IV of the first switch assembly 110 to issue the control end An electrical signal that the hose 20 moves in the direction of the inner diameter.
  • control signals generated by operating the directional control switch buttons of the second switch assembly 120 are: The switch 1 that operates the second switch assembly 120 issues an electrical signal that controls the movement of the end hose 20 in a downward direction; the switch II that operates the second switch assembly 120 issues an electrical signal that controls the movement of the end hose 20 toward the outer diameter direction; The switch III of the switch assembly 120 issues an electrical signal that controls the upward movement of the end hose 20; the switch IV that operates the second switch assembly 120 issues an electrical signal that controls the movement of the end hose 20 toward the inner diameter.
  • control signals generated by the respective direction control switch buttons of the third switch assembly 130 are: the switch 1 that operates the third switch assembly 130 issues an electrical signal that controls the downward movement of the end hose 20; and operates the third switch assembly 130.
  • the switch II issues an electrical signal for controlling the movement of the end hose 20 in the outer diameter direction;
  • the switch III operating the third switch assembly 130 issues an electrical signal for controlling the upward movement of the end hose 20;
  • operating the switch IV of the third switch assembly 130 to issue control An electrical signal that the end hose 20 moves in the direction of the inner diameter.
  • control signals generated by operating the directional control switch buttons of the fourth switch component 140 are: operating the switch I of the fourth switch component 140 to issue an electrical signal that controls the downward movement of the end hose 20; operating the fourth switch component 140
  • the switch II sends an electric signal for controlling the movement of the end hose 20 in the outer diameter direction; the switch III operating the fourth switch assembly 140 issues an electrical signal for controlling the upward movement of the end hose 20; and operating the switch IV of the fourth switch assembly 140 to issue control An electrical signal that the end hose 20 moves in the direction of the inner diameter.
  • the operator at the end hose 20 can conveniently pass the first switch at any position of the end hose 20.
  • Any combination of a total of 16 directional control switches from the assembly to the fourth switch assembly performs motion control of the boom end (end hose 20).
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method for controlling the motion of the end hose provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the motion control method includes issuing a motion control command by the end hose operator to operate the direction control switch on the joystick 10, and transmitting the motion control command signal to the motion control unit 42; monitoring the arm in real time by the boom attitude monitoring unit 41 The current position of the end of the rack, and the current position signal of the end of the boom is transmitted to the motion control unit 42; the motion control unit 42 simultaneously receives the motion control command signal transmitted from the joystick 10 and transmitted from the boom attitude monitoring unit 41.
  • the current position signal at the end of the boom determines the amount of motion required at the end of the boom and is decomposed into the amount of motion required for each arm section and the amount of rotation required for the turntable, and then sends a control signal to the control motion execution order.
  • Element 43 moves the end of the boom to the direction indicated by the motion control command. Since there are many control signals to be transmitted, the CAN bus can be used for information transmission, which can effectively reduce the signal attenuation caused by the length of the electrical route; on the other hand, the weight of the electric route harness can be reduced. Of course, it is also conceivable to transmit signals by wireless communication.
  • the boom posture monitoring unit 41 includes a tilt sensor disposed on each arm joint for real-time collecting the angle between each arm joint and a horizontal plane, and an angle sensor disposed on the turntable for real-time collecting the rotation amount of the boom relative to the turntable. After obtaining the inclination angle of each arm section and the rotation amount of the turntable, processing is performed by a corresponding algorithm (for example, on-line point-by-point filtering), and converted into a boom end position signal at the current time, and finally the arm end position signal is sent to the motion control.
  • a corresponding algorithm for example, on-line point-by-point filtering
  • the angle sensor for collecting the amount of rotation of the boom relative to the turntable may be a rotary encoder.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the motion executing unit 43.
  • the motion executing unit 43 includes a multi-way valve 44 and a driving assembly 45, wherein the multi-way valve 44 includes six solenoid valves 441, and the driving assembly 45 includes a swing hydraulic motor 450, a first arm cylinder 451, a second arm cylinder 452, and a first The three-arm cylinder 453, the fourth arm cylinder 454, and the fifth arm cylinder 455.
  • the swing hydraulic motor 450 is used to control the rotation of the turntable 32, and the five arm cylinders 451, 452, 453, 454, 455 are respectively used to control the five-section arm sections 331, 332, 333, 334, In the expansion and contraction of 335, the six solenoid valves 441 are respectively connected to the swing hydraulic motor 430 and the first to fifth arm cylinders 451, 452, 453, 454, and 455.
  • the motion control unit 42 decomposes the direction of motion of the end of the boom into the amount of motion of each arm section and the amount of rotation of the turret, generates a corresponding control current signal and transmits it to the corresponding solenoid valve 441 of the multi-way valve 44, and the motion control unit 43
  • the corresponding motion actuator is driven to perform the movement control of the boom, such as the telescopic movement of the control arm cylinder 451 (452, 453, 454, 455), the rotary hydraulic motor
  • the rotational movement of the 450 or the like allows the concrete outlet of the end hose 20 to be moved in accordance with the desired pouring route under the direct control of the end hose operator.
  • the present invention can be operated by an end hose operator for a direction control switch fixedly mounted on the steering handle 10 of the end hose 20, and the control handle 10 emits a motion control command signal corresponding to the desired direction of movement of the operator, and
  • the boom attitude monitoring unit 41 collects the attitude information of the boom in real time, and converts and generates the current position signal of the end of the boom.
  • the motion control unit 42 passes the pre-designed motion control according to the motion control command signal and the current position signal of the end of the boom.
  • the strategy generates a corresponding control signal and sends it to the motion executing unit 43, through the action of each arm cylinder and the swing hydraulic motor in the motion executing unit 43, and finally realizes the boom system under the direct control of the end hose operator.
  • the concrete outlet of the end hose moves in accordance with the desired pouring path, keeping the concrete outlet of the end hose of the boom consistent with the desired pouring position.
  • the end hose 20 is mounted with a steering handle 10, and the operator at the end hose 20 can directly operate the directional control switch on the steering handle 10.
  • the operator at the end hose 20 can follow the pouring site.
  • an electrical signal is sent to the direction in which the end hose 20 is expected to be moved.
  • the electrical signal can be transmitted to a control mechanism that controls the expansion and contraction of the cylinders of each boom.
  • the control mechanism adjusts the expansion and contraction of the cylinders of the booms to achieve the end of the boom (end The hose 20) is controlled by the movement of the desired trajectory, and the movement accuracy of the end hose 20, the construction efficiency, and the construction safety of the operator can be improved, and the cost of the manipulation handle 10 is low, and the installation, disassembly, and maintenance are convenient.
  • the control handle 10 is provided with a mode switch 19, one of which is the end handle control mode, and the other state is the remote control mode, and the end handle control mode or the remote control mode can be selected according to the need, two states It has an interlock function to ensure that only one of the states is open at any time, which is convenient and flexible to use.
  • one end of the first clamping jaw 11 and the second clamping jaw 12 on the handle 10 can be coupled by a hinged form, and the other end can be coupled by a bolt; or the manipulation handle 10 and the end hose 20 can be integrated.
  • the number of switch components can be more than four, and the number of directional control switches provided on each switch component can be not only four.
  • a control handle is mounted on the end hose, and the operator at the end hose can directly operate the direction control switch on the control handle, and the operator can issue the expectation according to the actual situation of the pouring site.
  • Motion control command signal for the direction of movement of the end hose, combined with the boom The current position signal of the end of the boom generated by the attitude monitoring unit controls the movement of the end of the boom (end hose) to improve the movement accuracy of the end hose, construction efficiency and operator safety.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
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Abstract

一种末端软管(20)的运动控制系统,包括设置在末臂节(335)上的末端软管(20),所述运动控制系统还包括操控手柄(10)、臂架姿态监测单元(41)、运动控制单元(42)、及运动执行单元(43),所述操控手柄安装在末端软管上,所述操控手柄上设有方向控制开关,所述方向控制开关供末端软管处操作员按照现场浇注情况发出期望末端软管运动方向的运动控制指令信号,并结合由臂架姿态监测单元生成的臂架末端的当前位置信号,对臂架末端的运动进行控制,从而提高末端软管的运动精度、施工效率和操作员的施工安全性。相应地,一种末端软管的运动控制方法及混凝土泵送设备也被提供。

Description

混凝土泵送设备及其末端软管的运动控制系统与方法 技术领域
本发明涉及混凝土泵送设备, 尤其是一种混凝土泵送设备及其末端软管 的运动控制系统与方法。
背景技术
混凝土泵送设备是一种利用压力将混凝土沿管道连续输送的机械, 广泛 应用于道路工程、 桥梁工程、 地下工程、 工业与民用建筑施工等各个领域。 混凝土泵车是一种典型的混凝土泵送设备。
混凝土泵车的臂架一般由至少三段臂节组成, 每段臂节之间由铰接轴铰 接, 各臂节能够绕铰接轴旋转相当的角度, 同时, 该臂架整体通过转台固定 在底架上, 臂架整体借助液压马达的驱动作用可在转台的带动下, 绕垂直于 水平面的竖直轴进行 360。 的旋转。 混凝土泵车的输送管附着在臂架上, 并 在靠近混凝土出口处设置有末端软管, 用来对混凝土的浇筑起导向作用。 在 进行混凝土浇筑时, 经常要按照操控要求, 将固定于末臂节的末端软管从一 个地点移动到另一个地点, 因此对臂架的控制提出了较高的要求, 尤其是对 其末端的运动轨迹需要进行准确的控制。
目前在混凝土泵车末端软管的运动控制方面, 只能依靠泵车操作机手通 过无线遥控器或泵车电控拒内的控制器对各臂架油缸的伸缩控制以实现臂 架末端(末端软管)按期望轨迹的运动控制, 然而, 泵车操作机手与末端软 管操作员不是同一个人, 而且遥控器操作员离浇筑位置一般较远, ^艮多情况 下, 泵车操作机手并不知道末端软管处操作员的具体施工轨迹意图, 相互之 间的沟通不畅,导致降低施工效率,甚至给末端软管处操作员带来安全隐患。
发明内容
有鉴于此, 有必要提供一种混凝土泵送设备末端软管的运动控制系统, 以改善其末端软管的运动控制, 提高末端软管的运动精度、 施工效率和操作 员的施工安全性。 有鉴于此, 亦有必要提供一种混凝土泵送设备末端软管的运动控制方 法, 以提高末端软管的运动精度、 施工效率和操作员的施工安全性。
有鉴于此, 亦有必要提供一种具有上述运动控制系统的混凝土泵送设 备。
本发明提供一种末端软管的运动控制系统, 包括设置在末臂节上的末端 软管, 所述运动控制系统还包括操控手柄、 臂架姿态监测单元、 运动控制单 元、 及运动执行单元, 所述操控手柄安装在末端软管上, 所述操控手柄上设 有方向控制开关, 所述方向控制开关供末端软管处操作员进行操作来发出期 望末端软管运动方向的运动控制指令信号, 所述臂架姿态监测单元实时采集 臂架的姿态信息并生成臂架末端的当前位置信号, 所述运动控制单元同时接 收所述运动控制指令信号及所述臂架末端的当前位置信号并生成相应的控 制信号发送给运动执行单元, 所述运动执行单元依据所述控制信号控制末端 软管按照操作员期望的路线进行运动。
作为本发明的进一步改进, 所述臂架姿态监测单元包括设置在各段臂节 上实时采集各段臂节与水平面的夹角的倾角传感器以及设置在转台上实时 采集臂架相对转台的转动量的角度传感器。
作为本发明的进一步改进, 所述运动控制单元根据所述运动控制指令信 号及所述臂架末端的当前位置信号, 确定臂架末端所需的运动量, 并分解为 各段臂节所需的运动量以及转台所需的转动量。
作为本发明的进一步改进, 所述运动执行单元包括多路阀和驱动组件, 所述多路阀包括多个电磁阀, 所述驱动组件包括回转液压马达及多个臂节油 缸, 所述回转液压马达用于驱动所述转台的回转, 所述多个臂节油缸分别用 于驱动所述多段臂节的伸缩, 所述多个电磁阀分别与所述回转液压马达及所 述多个臂节油缸对应相连。
作为本发明的进一步改进, 所述操控手柄上设有模式切换开关, 所述模 式切换开关对应两种状态, 其中一种状态为末端手柄操控模式, 另一种状态 为遥控器操控模式, 通过按压所述模式切换开关, 可以选定对臂架进行运动 控制的模式并在末端手柄操控模式与遥控器操控模式之间进行切换。
作为本发明的进一步改进, 所述方向控制开关的数量为四个, 分别用于 发出控制末端软管向下、 向上、 向外径方向、 向内径方向运动的电信号。 作为本发明的进一步改进, 所述操控手柄上设有集成式的开关组件, 所 述四个方向控制开关集成设置在所述开关组件上。
作为本发明的进一步改进, 所述操控手柄套设安装于末端软管的外周面 上。
作为本发明的进一步改进, 所述操控手柄包括第一夹圏、 第二夹圏、 第 一扶手、 及第二扶手, 所述第一夹圏和第二夹圏合围成圓形, 用于套设固定 在末端软管的外周面上, 所述第一扶手和第二扶手分别环设在第一夹圏和第 二夹圏的外围,所述第一扶手和第二扶手为弧形的管件结构, 中间是空心的。
本发明还提供一种末端软管的运动控制方法, 对设置在末臂节上的末端 软管进行运动控制, 所述末端软管上安装有操控手柄且所述操控手柄上设有 方向控制开关, 所述运动控制方法包括如下步骤:
由末端软管处操作员对所述方向控制开关进行操作来发出期望末端软 管运动方向的运动控制指令信号;
利用臂架姿态监测单元实时采集臂架的姿态信息并生成臂架末端的当 前位置信号;
利用运动控制单元同时接收所述运动控制指令信号及所述臂架末端的 当前位置信号, 并生成相应的控制信号; 及
利用运动执行单元接收所述控制信号, 并依据所述控制信号控制末端软 管按照操作员期望的路线进行运动。
作为本发明的进一步改进, 所述臂架姿态监测单元包括设置在各段臂节 上实时采集各段臂节与水平面的夹角的倾角传感器以及设置在转台上实时 采集臂架相对转台的转动量的角度传感器。
作为本发明的进一步改进, 所述运动控制单元根据所述运动控制指令信 号及臂架末端的当前位置信号, 确定臂架末端所需的运动量, 并分解为各段 臂节所需的运动量以及转台所需的转动量。
作为本发明的进一步改进, 所述运动执行单元包括多路阀和驱动组件, 所述多路阀包括多个电磁阀, 所述驱动组件包括回转液压马达及多个臂节油 缸, 所述回转液压马达用于驱动所述转台的回转, 所述多个臂节油缸分别用 于驱动所述多段臂节的伸缩, 所述多个电磁阀分别与所述回转液压马达及所 述多个臂节油缸对应相连。
作为本发明的进一步改进, 所述方向控制开关的数量为四个, 分别用于 发出控制末端软管向下、 向上、 向外径方向、 向内径方向运动的电信号。
本发明还提供一种混凝土泵送设备, 包括车体、 转台、 及臂架, 所述臂 架通过转台可转动地安装在车体上, 所述臂架具有多段臂节, 所述混凝土泵 送设备还包括上述的末端软管的运动控制系统。
本发明的有益效果是, 末端软管上安装有操控手柄, 可由末端软管处的 操作员直接对操控手柄上的方向控制开关进行操作, 操作员可以按照浇筑现 场的实际情况来发出期望末端软管运动方向的运动控制指令信号, 并结合由 臂架姿态监测单元生成的臂架末端的当前位置信号, 以对臂架末端(末端软 管) 的运动进行控制, 提高末端软管的运动精度、 施工效率和操作员的施工 安全性。
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述, 为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技 术手段, 而可依照说明书的内容予以实施, 并且为了让本发明的上述和其他 目的、 特征和优点能够更明显易懂, 以下特举较佳实施例, 并配合附图, 详 细说明: ¾口下。 附图概述
图 1是本发明实施例中混凝土泵送设备的结构示意图。
图 2是本发明实施例中操控手柄安装于末端软管上的侧视结构示意图。 图 3是本发明实施例中操控手柄安装于末端软管上的立体结构示意图。 图 4是本发明实施例中操控手柄的立体结构示意图。
图 5是本发明实施例中操控手柄的每一开关组件上的四个方向控制开关 的分布示意图。
图 6是本发明实施例中末端软管的运动控制方法的流程框图。
图 7是图 6所示方法中运动执行单元的结构示意图。 本发明的较佳实施方式 以下结合附图及较佳实施例, 对本发明的具体实施方式、 结构、 特征及其功 效, 详细说明如后。
请参图 1 , 本发明的实施例中混凝土泵送设备 30包括车体 31、转台 32、 及臂架 33 , 臂架 33通过转台 32在水平面内可转动地安装在车体 31上。 混 凝土泵送设备 30可以为混凝土泵车、 混凝土布料机等。 本实施例中以具有 五段臂节的混凝土泵送设备为例进行说明, 但并不表示本发明只适用于五段 臂节的混凝土泵送设备。臂架 33中的五段臂节分别为第一臂节 331、 第二臂 节 332、 第三臂节 333、 第四臂节 334、 第五臂节 335 , 其中末臂节即第五臂 节 335上设置有末端软管 20。
请结合图 2至图 4, 末端软管 20的外周面上套设安装有操控手柄 10。 操控手柄 10包括第一夹圏 11、 第二夹圏 12、 第一扶手 13、 第二扶手 14、 第一支撑辐条 15、 第二支撑辐条 16、 第一螺栓 17、 第二螺栓 18、 模式切换 开关 19、 第一开关组件 110、 第二开关组件 120、 第三开关组件 130、 第四 开关组件 140。
第一夹圏 11和第二夹圏 12分别呈半圓形, 第一夹圏 11和第二夹圏 12 围成圓形并通过第一螺栓 17和第二螺栓 18固定在混凝土泵送设备的末端软 管 20外周面的适当高度位置上, 确保操控手柄 10对末端软管 20的夹持与 定位。 第一扶手 13和第二扶手 14为弧形的管件结构, 中间是空心的, 可以 布置数据线; 第一扶手 13和第二扶手 14分别环设在第一夹圏 11和第二夹 圏 12的外围。 第一支撑辐条 15连接在第一夹圏 11与第一扶手 13之间, 第 二支撑辐条 16连接在第二夹圏 12与第二扶手 14之间; 第一支撑辐条 15和 第二支撑辐条 16 中至少有一根为中空结构, 可以布置数据线。 第一至第四 开关组件 110、 120、 130、 140沿圓周方向上对称地设置在操控手柄 10的第 一扶手 13和第二扶手 14上。
模式切换开关 19可以设置在第一支撑辐条 15或第二支撑辐条 16上, 例如, 设置在第一支撑辐条 15上靠近第一夹圏 11的位置处或设置在第二支 撑辐条 16上靠近第二夹圏 12的位置处。 模式切换开关 19对应两种状态, 其中一种状态为末端手柄操控模式, 另一种状态为遥控器操控模式, 两种状 态具有互锁功能, 保证在任意时刻只有其中一种状态处于开启。 通过按压该 模式切换开关 19, 可以选定对臂架进行运动控制的模式, 并在末端手柄操控 模式与遥控器操控模式之间进行切换, 如果当前开启状态是遥控器操控模 式, 则只能由遥控器操作员通过操控遥控器(图未示)对臂架进行运动的控 制。 如果当前开启状态是末端手柄操控模式, 就只能由末端软管操作员对其 上面的开关组件 110 ( 120、 130、 140 )进行操作控制, 发出与操作员期望运 动方向对应的运动控制指令信号。
四个开关组件 110、 120、 130、 140沿着操控手柄 10的圓周方向均匀布 置, 使得末端软管 20处的操作员在任意方位均能方便地对操控手柄 10的开 关组件进行操作。第一开关组件 110、第二开关组件 120、第三开关组件 130、 第四开关组件 140各自均为集成式的开关组件,每一开关组件 110( 120 , 130, 140 ) 包括四个集成设置的方向控制开关, 分别为开关 I、 开关 II、 开关 III、 开关 IV, 请参图 5 , 所示为每一开关组件 110 ( 120、 130、 140 ) 的四个方向 控制开关 I 、 II、 III、 IV的分布结构示意图, 所述开关 I 、 II、 III、 IV分别 设置在每一开关组件 110 ( 120、 130、 140 ) 的上端、 内侧、 下端、 外侧。
每一开关组件 110 ( 120、 130、 140 ) 的四个方向控制开关 I 、 II、 III、 IV分别用于发出控制末端软管 20向下、 向上、 向外径方向、 向内径方向运 动的电信号, 该四个方向控制开关 I 、 II、 III、 IV所具体对应控制方向 (向 下、 向上、 向外径方向、 向内径方向) 的设定可以是任意的, 但最好与操作 员的使用习惯匹配。
例如, 操作第一开关组件 110的各方向控制开关产生的控制信号为: 操 作第一开关组件 110的开关 I发出控制末端软管 20向下方向运动的电信号; 操作第一开关组件 110的开关 II发出控制末端软管 20向外径方向运动的电 信号; 操作第一开关组件 110的开关 III发出控制末端软管 20向上方向运动 的电信号; 操作第一开关组件 110的开关 IV发出控制末端软管 20向内径方 向运动的电信号。
例如,操作第二开关组件 120的各方向控制开关按钮产生的控制信号为: 操作第二开关组件 120的开关 I发出控制末端软管 20向下方向运动的电信 号; 操作第二开关组件 120的开关 II发出控制末端软管 20向外径方向运动 的电信号; 操作第二开关组件 120的开关 III发出控制末端软管 20向上方向 运动的电信号; 操作第二开关组件 120的开关 IV发出控制末端软管 20向内 径方向运动的电信号。
例如,操作第三开关组件 130的各方向控制开关按钮产生的控制信号为: 操作第三开关组件 130的开关 I发出控制末端软管 20向下方向运动的电信 号; 操作第三开关组件 130的开关 II发出控制末端软管 20向外径方向运动 的电信号; 操作第三开关组件 130的开关 III发出控制末端软管 20向上方向 运动的电信号; 操作第三开关组件 130的开关 IV发出控制末端软管 20向内 径方向运动的电信号。
例如,操作第四开关组件 140的各方向控制开关按钮产生的控制信号为: 操作第四开关组件 140的开关 I发出控制末端软管 20向下方向运动的电信 号; 操作第四开关组件 140的开关 II发出控制末端软管 20向外径方向运动 的电信号; 操作第四开关组件 140的开关 III发出控制末端软管 20向上方向 运动的电信号; 操作第四开关组件 140的开关 IV发出控制末端软管 20向内 径方向运动的电信号。
据此, 当末端软管 20 的当前开启状态是末端手柄操控模式时, 末端软 管 20处的操作员 (例如现场浇筑施工人员)在末端软管 20的任何方位均可 方便地通过第一开关组件至第四开关组件的共 16个方向控制开关的任意组 合, 进行臂架末端 (末端软管 20 ) 的运动控制。
请参图 6, 为本发明实施例中所提供的末端软管的运动控制方法的流程 框图。 该运动控制方法包括由末端软管操作员对操控手柄 10上的方向控制 开关进行操作发出运动控制指令, 并将运动控制指令信号传递给运动控制单 元 42; 利用臂架姿态监测单元 41实时监测臂架末端的当前位置, 并将臂架 末端的当前位置信号传递给运动控制单元 42; 运动控制单元 42同时接收从 操控手柄 10传送过来的运动控制指令信号和从臂架姿态监测单元 41传送过 来的臂架末端的当前位置信号, 确定臂架末端所需的运动量, 并分解为各臂 节所需的运动量以及转台所需的转动量, 再发出控制信号至控制运动执行单 元 43 ,使臂架末端向运动控制指令所表示的方向运动。 由于需要传送的控制 信号比较多, 因此可以采用 CAN总线进行信息传送, 一方面可有效减少因 为电气路线的长度而引起信号衰减; 另一方面可减少电气路线线束的重量。 当然, 也可以考虑通过无线通信进行信号的传送。
其中, 臂架姿态监测单元 41 包括设置在各臂节上用于实时采集各臂节 与水平面的夹角的倾角传感器以及设置在转台上用于实时采集臂架相对转 台的转动量的角度传感器, 在得到各臂节的倾角以及转台的转动量后, 通过 相应算法(例如在线逐点滤波)进行处理, 并转换成当前时刻的臂架末端位 置信号, 最后将臂架末端位置信号发送给运动控制单元 42。 其中作为一个例 子, 用于采集臂架相对转台的转动量的角度传感器可以为旋转编码器。
请结合图 7, 为运动执行单元 43的结构示意图。 运动执行单元 43包括 多路阀 44和驱动组件 45 , 其中多路阀 44包括六个电磁阀 441 , 驱动组件 45 包括回转液压马达 450、 第一臂节油缸 451、 第二臂节油缸 452、 第三臂节油 缸 453、 第四臂节油缸 454、 第五臂节油缸 455。 所述回转液压马达 450用于 控制所述转台 32的回转, 所述五个臂节油缸 451、 452、 453、 454、 455分 别用于控制所述五段臂节 331、 332、 333、 334、 335的伸缩, 所述六个电磁 阀 441分别与回转液压马达 430及第一至第五臂节油缸 451、 452、 453、 454、 455对应相连。运动控制单元 42将臂架末端的运动方向分解为各臂节的运动 量以及转台的转动量之后, 生成相应的控制电流信号并发送给多路阀 44 中 相应的电磁阀 441 , 运动控制单元 43 ^据多路阀 44中相应的电磁阀 441的 控制作用, 驱动相应的运动执行机构进行臂架的运动控制, 比如控制臂节油 缸 451 ( 452、 453、 454、 455 ) 的伸缩运动, 回转液压马达 450的转动运动 等, 实现末端软管 20 的混凝土出口在末端软管操作员的直接控制作用下按 照期望的浇筑路线进行运动。
综合上述, 本发明可由末端软管操作员对固定安装于末端软管 20 的操 控手柄 10上的方向控制开关进行操作, 操控手柄 10发出与操作员期望运动 方向对应的运动控制指令信号, 同时, 臂架姿态监测单元 41 实时采集臂架 的姿态信息, 并转换生成臂架末端的当前位置信号, 运动控制单元 42根据 运动控制指令信号、 臂架末端的当前位置信号, 通过预先设计好的运动控制 策略生成相应的控制信号并发送给运动执行单元 43 , 通过运动执行单元 43 中各臂节油缸、 回转液压马达的作动, 最终使臂架系统在末端软管操作员的 直接控制作用下, 实现末端软管的混凝土出口按照期望的浇筑路线进行运 动, 保持臂架末端软管的混凝土出口与期望浇筑位置一致。
本发明中, 末端软管 20上安装有操控手柄 10, 可由末端软管 20处的操 作员直接对操控手柄 10上的方向控制开关进行操作, 末端软管 20处的操作 员可以按照浇筑现场的实际情况来发出期望末端软管 20运动方向的电信号, 电信号可以传递至控制各臂架的油缸伸缩的控制机构, 由控制机构对各臂架 的油缸的伸缩控制以实现臂架末端 (末端软管 20 )按期望轨迹的运动控制, 可以提高末端软管 20 的运动精度、 施工效率和操作员的施工安全性, 且操 控手柄 10的成本低、 安装及拆卸维护方便。 另外, 操控手柄 10上设有模式 切换开关 19, 其中一种状态为末端手柄操控模式, 另一种状态为遥控器操控 模式, 可以依据需要选择末端手柄操控模式或者遥控器操控模式, 两种状态 具有互锁功能,保证在任意时刻只有其中一种状态处于开启,使用方便灵活。
可选地, 操控手柄 10上第一夹圏 11和第二夹圏 12的一端可以通过铰 接形式进行联接, 另一端可以通过螺栓进行联接; 或者操控手柄 10和末端 软管 20可做成一体, 不用通过螺栓来联接; 另外, 开关组件的数量可以不 只为 4个, 每一开关组件上设置的方向控制开关的数量也可以不只为 4个。
以上所述, 仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并非对本发明作任何形式上 的限制, 虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上, 然而并非用以限定本发明, 任何熟悉本专业的技术人员, 在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内, 当可利用上 述揭示的技术内容作出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例, 但凡是未 筒单修改、 等同变化与修饰, 均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。
工业实用性 本发明实施例中, 末端软管上安装有操控手柄, 可由末端软管处的操作 员直接对操控手柄上的方向控制开关进行操作, 操作员可以按照浇筑现场的 实际情况来发出期望末端软管运动方向的运动控制指令信号, 并结合由臂架 姿态监测单元生成的臂架末端的当前位置信号, 以对臂架末端 (末端软管) 的运动进行控制, 提高末端软管的运动精度、 施工效率和操作员的施工安全 性。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种末端软管的运动控制系统, 包括设置在末臂节上的末端软管, 其特征在于: 所述运动控制系统还包括操控手柄、 臂架姿态监测单元、 运动 控制单元、 及运动执行单元, 所述操控手柄安装在末端软管上, 所述操控手 柄上设有方向控制开关, 所述方向控制开关供末端软管处操作员进行操作来 发出期望末端软管运动方向的运动控制指令信号, 所述臂架姿态监测单元实 时采集臂架的姿态信息并生成臂架末端的当前位置信号, 所述运动控制单元 同时接收所述运动控制指令信号及所述臂架末端的当前位置信号并生成相 应的控制信号发送给运动执行单元, 所述运动执行单元依据所述控制信号控 制末端软管按照操作员期望的路线进行运动。
2. 如权利要求 1 所述的末端软管的运动控制系统, 其特征在于: 所述 臂架姿态监测单元包括设置在各段臂节上实时采集各段臂节与水平面的夹 角的倾角传感器以及设置在转台上实时采集臂架相对转台的转动量的角度 传感器。
3. 如权利要求 1 所述的末端软管的运动控制系统, 其特征在于: 所述 运动控制单元根据所述运动控制指令信号及所述臂架末端的当前位置信号, 确定臂架末端所需的运动量, 并分解为各段臂节所需的运动量以及转台所需 的转动量。
4. 如权利要求 3 所述的末端软管的运动控制系统, 其特征在于: 所述 运动执行单元包括多路阀和驱动组件, 所述多路阀包括多个电磁阀, 所述驱 动组件包括回转液压马达及多个臂节油缸, 所述回转液压马达用于驱动所述 转台的回转, 所述多个臂节油缸分别用于驱动所述多段臂节的伸缩, 所述多 个电磁阀分别与所述回转液压马达及所述多个臂节油缸对应相连。
5. 如权利要求 1 所述的末端软管的运动控制系统, 其特征在于: 所述 操控手柄上设有模式切换开关, 所述模式切换开关对应两种状态, 其中一种 状态为末端手柄操控模式, 另一种状态为遥控器操控模式, 通过按压所述模 式切换开关, 可以选定对臂架进行运动控制的模式并在末端手柄操控模式与 遥控器操控模式之间进行切换。
6. 如权利要求 1 所述的末端软管的运动控制系统, 其特征在于: 所述 方向控制开关的数量为四个, 分别用于发出控制末端软管向下、 向上、 向外 径方向、 向内径方向运动的电信号。
7. 如权利要求 6所述的末端软管的运动控制系统, 其特征在于: 所述 操控手柄上设有集成式的开关组件, 所述四个方向控制开关集成设置在所述 开关组件上。
8. 如权利要求 1 所述的末端软管的运动控制系统, 其特征在于: 所述 操控手柄套设安装于末端软管的外周面上。
9. 如权利要求 8所述的末端软管的运动控制系统, 其特征在于: 所述 操控手柄包括第一夹圏、 第二夹圏、 第一扶手、 及第二扶手, 所述第一夹圏 和第二夹圏合围成圓形, 用于套设固定在末端软管的外周面上, 所述第一扶 手和第二扶手分别环设在第一夹圏和第二夹圏的外围, 所述第一扶手和第二 扶手为弧形的管件结构, 中间是空心的。
10. 一种末端软管的运动控制方法, 对设置在末臂节上的末端软管进行 运动控制, 其特征在于: 所述末端软管上安装有操控手柄且所述操控手柄上 设有方向控制开关, 所述运动控制方法包括如下步骤:
由末端软管处操作员对所述方向控制开关进行操作来发出期望末端软 管运动方向的运动控制指令信号;
利用臂架姿态监测单元实时采集臂架的姿态信息并生成臂架末端的当 前位置信号;
利用运动控制单元同时接收所述运动控制指令信号及所述臂架末端的 当前位置信号, 并生成相应的控制信号; 及
利用运动执行单元接收所述控制信号, 并依据所述控制信号控制末端软 管按照操作员期望的路线进行运动。
11. 如权利要求 10所述的末端软管的运动控制方法, 其特征在于: 所 述臂架姿态监测单元包括设置在各段臂节上实时采集各段臂节与水平面的 夹角的倾角传感器以及设置在转台上实时采集臂架相对转台的转动量的角 度传感器。
12. 如权利要求 10所述的末端软管的运动控制方法, 其特征在于: 所 述运动控制单元根据所述运动控制指令信号及臂架末端的当前位置信号, 确 定臂架末端所需的运动量, 并分解为各段臂节所需的运动量以及转台所需的 转动量。
13. 如权利要求 12所述的末端软管的运动控制方法, 其特征在于: 所 述运动执行单元包括多路阀和驱动组件, 所述多路阀包括多个电磁阀, 所述 驱动组件包括回转液压马达及多个臂节油缸, 所述回转液压马达用于驱动所 述转台的回转, 所述多个臂节油缸分别用于驱动所述多段臂节的伸缩, 所述 多个电磁阀分别与所述回转液压马达及所述多个臂节油缸对应相连。
14. 如权利要求 10所述的末端软管的运动控制方法, 其特征在于: 所 述方向控制开关的数量为四个, 分别用于发出控制末端软管向下、 向上、 向 外径方向、 向内径方向运动的电信号。
15. 一种混凝土泵送设备, 包括车体、 转台、 及臂架, 所述臂架通过转 台可转动地安装在车体上, 所述臂架具有多段臂节, 其特征在于: 所述混凝 土泵送设备还包括如权利要求 1 至 9任一项所述的末端软管的运动控制系 统。
PCT/CN2012/086917 2012-01-09 2012-12-19 混凝土泵送设备及其末端软管的运动控制系统与方法 WO2013104240A1 (zh)

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