WO2013077424A1 - 多能性幹細胞由来の組織の凍結保存方法 - Google Patents

多能性幹細胞由来の組織の凍結保存方法 Download PDF

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WO2013077424A1
WO2013077424A1 PCT/JP2012/080365 JP2012080365W WO2013077424A1 WO 2013077424 A1 WO2013077424 A1 WO 2013077424A1 JP 2012080365 W JP2012080365 W JP 2012080365W WO 2013077424 A1 WO2013077424 A1 WO 2013077424A1
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cells
cryopreservation
tissue
pluripotent stem
cell
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PCT/JP2012/080365
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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覚 安藤
徳重 中野
芳樹 笹井
元次 永樂
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住友化学株式会社
独立行政法人理化学研究所
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Priority to US14/360,488 priority Critical patent/US11234434B2/en
Priority to CN201280058085.8A priority patent/CN103958669A/zh
Priority to CA2856850A priority patent/CA2856850C/en
Priority to ES12851379T priority patent/ES2743553T3/es
Priority to AU2012341416A priority patent/AU2012341416B2/en
Priority to KR1020147017031A priority patent/KR102135486B1/ko
Priority to IN4598CHN2014 priority patent/IN2014CN04598A/en
Priority to EP12851379.3A priority patent/EP2784154B1/en
Publication of WO2013077424A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013077424A1/ja

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N1/00—Preservation of bodies of humans or animals, or parts thereof
    • A01N1/10—Preservation of living parts
    • A01N1/12—Chemical aspects of preservation
    • A01N1/122—Preservation or perfusion media
    • A01N1/125—Freeze protecting agents, e.g. cryoprotectants or osmolarity regulators
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N1/00—Preservation of bodies of humans or animals, or parts thereof
    • A01N1/10—Preservation of living parts
    • A01N1/12—Chemical aspects of preservation
    • A01N1/122—Preservation or perfusion media
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/04—Preserving or maintaining viable microorganisms

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for cryopreserving tissue derived from pluripotent stem cells.
  • a tissue is a structure of a cell population having a structure in which a plurality of types of cells having different forms and properties are three-dimensionally arranged in a certain pattern.
  • the retinal tissue that is one of the components of the eyeball is a membrane-like tissue that covers the inner wall on the back side of the eyeball, and the retinal tissue has a layer structure in which nerve cells are regularly arranged.
  • nerve cells There are roughly five types of nerve cells in the retina: photoreceptor cells, bipolar cells, horizontal cells, amacrine cells, and ganglion cells. Light is converted into electrical signals in the photoreceptor cells, and the information is transmitted to bipolar cells and horizontal cells via chemical synapses.
  • Bipolar cells synapse with amacrine cells and ganglion cells, and the ganglion cell axons connect to the visual center of the brain as the optic nerve.
  • etiology research drug efficacy and safety research in drug discovery, cell transplantation treatment, etc. have been conducted so far, but the layer structure that reflects the human biological tissue that is the material of such research It was difficult to obtain retinal tissue with In recent years, the production of retinal tissues comparable to in vivo retinal tissues has been reported by inducing differentiation of pluripotent stem cells such as ES cells (Non-patent Document 1).
  • the present invention includes [1] a method for cryopreserving tissue derived from pluripotent stem cells, comprising the following (1) to (3): (1) A first step in which a cell protection solution containing a sulfoxide and a chain polyol is brought into contact with a tissue derived from pluripotent stem cells. (2) A tissue derived from a pluripotent stem cell brought into contact with a cell protection solution in the first step.
  • Second step of holding in cryopreservation solution (3) Third step of cryopreserving the tissue derived from pluripotent stem cells held in the cryopreservation solution in the second step in the presence of a cooling agent
  • a cooling agent [2] Sulfoxide and chain The cryopreservation method according to the above [1], wherein the cytoprotective solution containing a polyol is a cytoprotective solution containing a sulfoxide, a chain polyol and an oligosaccharide.
  • the cryopreservation method according to the above [2] wherein the sulfoxide concentration in the cell protection solution is 5 to 15%, the chain polyol concentration is 4 to 15%, and the oligosaccharide concentration is 5 to 20%.
  • the present invention enables stable preservation of pluripotent stem cell-derived tissues.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a bright-field image of retinal tissue produced in an aggregate induced to differentiate from RAX :: green fluorescent protein (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “GFP”) knock-in human ES cells.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a fluorescent image of an aggregate having the retinal tissue shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a bright-field image of retinal tissue cultured after being separated from an aggregate.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a fluorescence image of the retinal tissue shown in FIG. FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the results of immunostaining a frozen section of retinal tissue cultured after being separated from an aggregate using anti-GFP antibody, anti-Chx10 antibody, anti-Pax6 antibody, and anti-Brn3 antibody.
  • FIG. 6 shows retinal tissue cultured after being separated from aggregates.
  • retinal tissue (A, B) which was not frozen, frozen without contact with cytoprotective solution (C, D), 11.0% ( w / v) Infiltrated with a solution containing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and then frozen (E, F), with a solution containing 11.0% (w / v) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and 5.55% (w / v) ethylene glycol
  • DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
  • E, F frozen
  • G, H After osmosis treatment and freezing (G, H), after osmosis treatment with a solution containing 11.0% (w / v) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 5.55% (w / v) ethylene glycol and 10% (w / v) sucrose
  • FIG. 7 shows retinal tissues cultured after being separated from the aggregates, and after freezing after osmotic treatment with a solution containing retinal tissues (A, B) that were not frozen and 5% w / v sucrose as a control for the experiment ( C, D), Freeze (E, F) after osmosis treatment with a solution containing 10% (w / v) sucrose, Freeze (G, H) after osmosis treatment with a solution containing 20% (w / v) sucrose , 11.0% w (w / v) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and 10% (w / v) after osmosis treatment with a solution containing sucrose, frozen (I, J), 5.55% (w / v) ethylene glycol and 10% ( FIG.
  • E, F Freeze
  • G, H Freeze
  • DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the state of retinal tissue after freezing (K, L) after osmosis treatment with a solution containing w / v) sucrose.
  • FIG. 8 shows retinal tissue cultured after being separated from the aggregate, and frozen after osmotic treatment with a solution containing 11.0% (w / v) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and 5.55% (w / v) ethylene glycol. And then frozen after being permeabilized with a solution containing 11.0% (w / v) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 5.55% (w / v) ethylene glycol, and 10% (w / v) sucrose.
  • DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
  • Cryosections (C, D, E, F) of retinal tissue were obtained from anti-GFP antibody (A, C, E), anti-Chx10 antibody (B), anti-Chx10 and anti-Pax6 antibody (D), anti-Chx10 and anti-TuJ1 antibody ( It is a figure which shows the result of immunostaining using F).
  • the “transformant” in the present invention means all or part of a living organism such as a cell produced by transformation.
  • the transformant include prokaryotic cells, yeast, animal cells, plant cells, insect cells and the like.
  • a transformant may be referred to as a transformed cell, a transformed tissue, a transformed host, or the like depending on the subject.
  • the cell used in the present invention may be a transformant.
  • prokaryotic cells used in the genetic manipulation technique related to the present invention include, for example, prokaryotic cells belonging to the genus Eschericia, Serratia, Bacillus, Brevibacterium, Corynebacterium, Microbacterium, Pseudomonas, and the like.
  • Examples include Eschericia XL1-Blue, Eschericia XL2-Blue, Eschericia DH1, and the like.
  • Such cells are specifically described in ⁇ MolecularMCloning (3rd edition) '' by Sambrook, J and Russell, DW, Appendix 3 (Volume 3), Vectors and Bacterial strains. A3.2 (Cold Spring Harbor USA 2001) It is described in.
  • a “vector” in connection with the present invention means a vector capable of transferring a target polynucleotide sequence to a target cell.
  • vectors include autonomous replication in host cells such as prokaryotic cells, yeast, animal cells, plant cells, insect cells, individual animals and individual plants, or integration into chromosomes. Examples thereof include those containing a promoter at a position suitable for polynucleotide transcription.
  • a vector suitable for cloning may be referred to as a “cloning vector”.
  • Such cloning vectors usually contain multiple cloning sites containing multiple restriction enzyme sites.
  • the “vector” related to the present invention includes “expression vector”, “reporter vector”, and “recombinant vector”.
  • the “expression vector” means a nucleic acid sequence in which various regulatory elements are operably linked in a host cell in addition to a structural gene and a promoter that regulates its expression. Examples of the “regulatory element” include those containing a terminator, a selection marker such as a drug resistance gene, and an enhancer. It is well known to those skilled in the art that the type of expression vector of an organism (eg, animal) and the type of regulatory element used can vary depending on the host cell.
  • “recombinant vectors” include, for example, (a) a lambda FIX vector (phage vector) for screening genomic libraries, and (b) a lambda ZAP for screening cDNA.
  • a lambda FIX vector phage vector
  • a lambda ZAP for screening cDNA.
  • genomic DNA for example, pBluescript II II SK +/ ⁇ vector, pGEM vector, pCR2.1 vector (plasmid vector) and the like can be mentioned.
  • Examples of the “expression vector” include pSV2 / neo vector, pcDNA vector, pUC18 vector, pUC19 vector, pRc / RSV vector, pLenti6 / V5-Dest vector, pAd / CMV / V5-DEST vector, pDON-AI-2 / neo vector, pMEI-5 / neo vector, etc. (plasmid vector).
  • Examples of the “reporter vector” include pGL2 vector, pGL3 vector, pGL4.10 vector, pGL4.11 vector, pGL4.12 vector, pGL4.70 vector, pGL4.71 vector, pGL4.72 vector, pSLG vector, pSLO. Examples include vectors, pSLR vectors, pEGFP vectors, pAcGFP vectors, pDsRed vectors, and the like. Such vectors may be appropriately used with reference to the aforementioned Molecular Cloning magazine
  • examples of techniques for introducing nucleic acid molecules into cells include transformation, transduction, transfection, and the like. Specific examples of such introduction techniques include Ausubel F. A. et al. (1988), Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, Wiley, New York, NY; Sambrook J. et al. (1987), Molecular Cloning: A. Laboratory Manual, 2nd Ed. And its third edition; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY; Listed in the separate experimental medicine "Gene transfer & expression analysis experiment method", Yodosha, 1997 etc. be able to. Examples of the technique for confirming that the gene has been introduced into the cell include Northern blot analysis, Western blot analysis, and other well-known conventional techniques.
  • vector introduction methods include, for example, transfection, transduction, transformation and the like (for example, calcium phosphate method, liposome method, DEAE dextran method, electroporation method, particle gun (gene gun ) And the like.
  • the cryopreservation method of the present invention is a cryopreservation method comprising the following (1) to (3).
  • (1) A first step in which a tissue derived from a pluripotent stem cell is contacted with a cytoprotective solution containing a sulfoxide and a chain polyol.
  • (2) A tissue derived from a pluripotent stem cell brought into contact with a cytoprotective solution in the first step.
  • stem cells are cells that maintain the same differentiation ability even after cell division, and can be regenerated when the tissue is damaged.
  • the stem cells can be embryonic stem cells (ES cells) or tissue stem cells (also referred to as tissue stem cells, tissue-specific stem cells or somatic stem cells), or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells: induced pluripotent stem cell). Is not limited to them. It is known that the above stem cell-derived tissue cells can differentiate normal cells close to a living body, as can be seen from the fact that tissue regeneration is possible.
  • Stem cells can be obtained from a predetermined institution or commercially available products can be purchased.
  • human embryonic stem cells KhES-1, KhES-2, and KhES-3 are available from the Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Kyoto University.
  • mouse embryonic stem cells include EB5 cells.
  • Stem cells can be maintained and cultured by a method known per se.
  • stem cells can be maintained by culture with feeder-free cells supplemented with fetal calf serum (FCS), KnockoutockSerum Replacement (KSR), and LIF.
  • FCS fetal calf serum
  • KSR KnockoutockSerum Replacement
  • pluripotent stem cell refers to all cells that can be cultured in vitro and constitute a living body excluding the placenta (tissues derived from the three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm)). Stem cells having the ability to differentiate into (pluripotency), including embryonic stem cells (ES cells).
  • ES cells embryonic stem cells
  • a “pluripotent stem cell” is obtained from a fertilized egg, a cloned embryo, a germ stem cell, or a stem cell in tissue.
  • Pluripotent stem cells can be prepared by a method known per se. Examples of the production method include the methods described in Cell 131 (5) pp. 861-872 (2007) and Cell 126 (4) pp. 663-676 (2006).
  • an “embryonic stem cell (ES cell)” is a stem cell having self-renewal ability and pluripotency (that is, pluripotency “pluripotency”), and a pluripotent stem cell derived from an early embryo is Say. Embryonic stem cells were first established in 1981, and have been applied since 1989 to the production of knockout mice. In 1998, human embryonic stem cells were established and are being used in regenerative medicine.
  • “artificial pluripotent stem cells” are cells in which differentiated cells such as fibroblasts are directly initialized by expression of several types of genes such as Oct3 / 4, Sox2, Klf4, Myc, etc. to induce pluripotency.
  • fibroblasts are directly initialized by expression of several types of genes such as Oct3 / 4, Sox2, Klf4, Myc, etc. to induce pluripotency.
  • Yamanaka et al. Yamanaka K, Yamanaka S.Cell. 2006, 126 (4), p663-676.
  • differentiation refers to the generation of two or more types of cells having morphological and / or functional qualitative differences in a daughter cell population derived from the division of one cell.
  • cell differentiation it is common to consider cell differentiation as a state in which a specific gene group in the genome is expressed, and cell differentiation by searching for intracellular or extracellular factors or conditions that bring about such gene expression state. Can be identified.
  • the result of cell differentiation is in principle stable, especially in animal cells, which differentiates into other types of cells only in exceptional cases.
  • tissue refers to a structure of a cell population having a structure in which a plurality of types of cells having different shapes and properties are three-dimensionally arranged in a fixed pattern.
  • tissue is derived from “pluripotent stem cells”.
  • a ⁇ tissue '' is an aggregate of cells that are induced to differentiate from pluripotent stem cells, and is a structure of a cell population having a structure in which a plurality of types of cells having different forms and properties are arranged in a three-dimensional pattern.
  • Cells that are induced to differentiate from pluripotent stem cells include cerebral neurons, diencephalic neurons, hypothalamic neurons, basal ganglia neurons, cerebellar neurons, intestinal tissue cells, cardiomyocytes, pancreatic cells, liver cells, or These precursor cells are mentioned.
  • WO 2009/148170 J Neurosci. 2011 Feb 2; 31 (5): 1919-33, Nat Neurosci. 2010 Oct; 13 (10): 1171-80, Cell Stem Cell. 2008 Nov 6; 3 (5): 519-32, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 19; 105 (33): 11796-801, Nature. 2011 Feb 3; 470 (7332): 105-9, Nat Biotechnol. 2011 Mar; 29 (3): 267-72, Cell Stem Cell. 2011 Feb 4; 8 (2): 228-40, Development. 2011 Mar; 138 (5): 861-71, Nat Biotechnol. 2006 Nov; 24 (11) : 1402-11.
  • Cerebral nerve tissue means a cell constituting each nerve layer and its precursor cell in the cerebrum, diencephalon, midbrain, cerebellum, and hindbrain of the living body (for example, in the case of the cerebrum, the sixth layer-specific Tbr1 positive Cell, 5th layer specific Crip2 positive cell, 2nd to 3rd layer specific Brn2 positive cell, etc.) means a structure in which at least a plurality of types are layered and arranged in a three-dimensional manner.
  • a retinal tissue can be mentioned as a part of the cranial nerve tissue.
  • Retinal tissue is a three-dimensional layered structure of at least multiple types of cells such as photoreceptor cells, horizontal cells, bipolar cells, amacrine cells, retinal node cells, or progenitor cells that constitute each retinal layer in the living retina. Means retinal tissue arranged.
  • retinal tissue can be prepared by differentiating human ES cells. Specifically, it can be prepared by the method described in Nature 472, p51-56 (2011), WO2011 / 055855.
  • cryoprotective solution refers to a mixture of a cryoprotectant and a solvent.
  • the “cryoprotective substance” refers to a substance added for the purpose of preventing various damages caused by freezing in order to maintain the function and survival rate of the cell as much as possible when cryopreserving the cell.
  • the cryoprotective solution is also synonymous with a cytoprotective solution from the viewpoint of protecting cells during freezing.
  • the cytoprotective solution contains a sulfoxide and a chain polyol as a cryoprotectant, and preferably contains a sulfoxide, a chain polyol and an oligosaccharide.
  • a sulfoxide such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO);
  • a chain polyol such as ethylene glycol, glycerol, propanediol, propylene glycol, butanediol, and polyethylene glycol, preferably sucrose, trehalose, lactose
  • a amide compound such as acetamide, Percoll, Ficoll 70, Ficoll 70000, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the like may be included.
  • the solvent examples include a buffer solution such as physiological saline, PBS, EBSS, and HBSS, a culture solution for culturing cells and tissues such as DMEM, GMEM, and RPMI, serum, and serum substitute (KnocknOut Serum Replacement: Invitrogen) ) Or a mixture thereof.
  • the final concentration of sulfoxide in the cytoprotective solution is 5 to 15% (w / v), preferably 9 to 13% (w / v), more preferably 11% (w / v). v) Listed before and after.
  • the final concentration of the chain polyol in the cytoprotective solution is 4 to 15% (w / v), preferably 4.5% to 8% (v / v), more preferably About 5.5% (v / v).
  • the final concentration of oligosaccharide in the cytoprotective solution is 5 to 20% (w / v), preferably 8 to 12% (w / v), more preferably 10% (w / V) before and after.
  • cryopreservation solution refers to a medium for cryopreserving tissue derived from pluripotent stem cells.
  • cryopreservation solutions Cell Banker 1, 1 Plus, 2, 3 (Juji Field Co., Ltd.), TC Protector (DS Pharma Biomedical Co., Ltd.), Freezing Medium for human ES / iPS Cells (Repro Cell Co., Ltd.), Cry Commercially available products such as Oscarless DMSO-free (Bioverde), Stem Cell Keep (Bioverde), and EFS solution (NK system) can also be used.
  • the cryopreservation solution may include a mixed solution of a cryoprotectant and a solvent. Examples of the cryoprotectant and the solvent include those described above.
  • the cryopreservation solution in the present invention preferably contains dimethyl sulfoxide, acetamide and propylene glycol.
  • the concentration of dimethyl sulfoxide in the cryopreservation solution is 1 to 4M
  • the concentration of acetamide is 0.5 to 2M
  • the concentration of propylene glycol is 1.5 to 6M.
  • the first step in the cryopreservation method of the present invention is a step of contacting a tissue derived from pluripotent stem cells with a cytoprotective solution containing a sulfoxide and a chain polyol before freezing.
  • a cytoprotective solution containing sulfoxide and a chain polyol is brought into contact with the tissue derived from pluripotent stem cells.
  • a cell protection solution containing sulfoxide and a chain polyol with a tissue derived from pluripotent stem cells transfer the tissue derived from a pluripotent stem cell into a cell protection solution containing a sulfoxide and a chain polyol.
  • a cytoprotective solution containing sulfoxide and a chain polyol may be added to the tissue derived from pluripotent stem cells.
  • the time for contacting the cytoprotective solution containing sulfoxide and the chain polyol with the tissue derived from pluripotent stem cells is 1 minute to 180 minutes, preferably 5 minutes to 60 minutes, more preferably 15 minutes to 30 minutes. it can.
  • the temperature at which the cell protection solution containing sulfoxide and chain polyol is brought into contact with the tissue derived from pluripotent stem cells is ⁇ 10 ° C. to 40 ° C., preferably 0 ° C. to 25 ° C., more preferably 0 ° C. to 8 ° C. °C can be mentioned.
  • the density of tissue derived from pluripotent stem cells in the contact system in the first step for example, in terms of the number of aggregates, examples thereof include about 1 to 1000 / mL, preferably 1 to 100 aggregates / mL.
  • the number of cells per aggregate is about 10 3 to 10 6 .
  • the incubator used when contacting the cell protection solution is not particularly limited and can be appropriately determined by those skilled in the art.
  • Examples of such incubators include flasks, tissue culture flasks, dishes, petri dishes, tissue culture dishes, multi dishes, micro plates, micro well plates, micro pores, multi plates, multi well plates, chamber slides, Petri dishes, tubes, trays, culture bags, and roller bottles.
  • the second step in the cryopreservation method of the present invention is a step of holding the tissue derived from pluripotent stem cells brought into contact with the cell protection solution in a cryopreservation solution.
  • the tissue derived from the pluripotent stem cells brought into contact with the cytoprotective solution in the first step is held in a cryopreservation solution.
  • the density of the tissue derived from pluripotent stem cells in the cell preservation solution in the second step is, for example, about 1 to 1000 / mL, preferably 1 to 100 / aggregate in terms of the number of aggregates. mL.
  • the number of cells per aggregate is about 10 3 to 10 6 .
  • the third step in the cryopreservation method of the present invention is a step of cryopreserving tissue derived from pluripotent stem cells held in a cryopreservation solution in the presence of a cooling agent.
  • cryopreservation method there is a method of freezing over a long time at a slow rate of 0.1 to 10 ° C./min. This method can be carried out by using an apparatus or an instrument such as a program freezer or a bicell (Nippon Freezer Co., Ltd.).
  • a rapid freezing storage method there is a method that applies a phenomenon of vitrification that occurs when a crystalline liquid or gas is rapidly crystallized to a solid below the glass transition temperature without being crystallized.
  • This method is excellent in that it can be frozen and stored stably and in a short time with a simple operation by vitrifying a tissue, embryo, or egg previously immersed in a high-concentration preservation solution.
  • the quick cryopreservation method is a freezing method for a biological sample, which is a method of putting the sample into a coolant such as liquid nitrogen.
  • a tissue derived from pluripotent stem cells and a cryopreservation solution are placed in a freezing tube on ice, and the freezing tube is submerged in a coolant using tweezers.
  • the time from holding the pluripotent stem cell-derived tissue in the cryopreservation solution to putting it into the coolant is preferably as short as possible, and can be within 30 seconds, preferably within 10 seconds.
  • the “cooling agent” used in the present invention is preferably one that can cause vitrification of cells, and usually a cooling agent of ⁇ 20 ° C. or lower, preferably ⁇ 80 ° C. or lower, more preferably ⁇ 150 ° C. or lower is used. be able to.
  • the coolant examples include liquid nitrogen, slush nitrogen (Slush Nitrogen), liquid helium, liquid propane, and ethane slush, preferably liquid nitrogen or slush nitrogen.
  • Slush nitrogen is nitrogen in which the liquid nitrogen temperature is reduced to -205 to -210 ° C., which is lower than the normal pressure of ⁇ 196 ° C. by holding the liquid nitrogen under reduced pressure (Huang et al., Human Reproduction, Vol. 20). , No.1, pp.122-128 (2005)).
  • vitrification storage can be performed by an apparatus such as Vit-Master TM (IMT, Nes Ziona, Israel).
  • the temperature decrease rate when cryopreserving in the presence of a coolant is 10 ° C./min or more, preferably 30 ° C./min or more, more preferably 50 ° C./min or more, particularly preferably 100 ° C./min or more.
  • the rate of decrease can be mentioned.
  • the time required from the normal temperature to the intended cryopreservation temperature (for example, -196 ° C for liquid nitrogen) when performing cryopreservation in the presence of a coolant is, for example, within 5 minutes, more preferably within 3 minutes. More preferably, it can be mentioned within 1 minute.
  • RAX knock-in human ES cells A human ES cell line in which GFP was knocked in at the RAX locus, which is one of the marker genes of retinal progenitor cells, was prepared.
  • Zinc Finger Nuclease (ZFN) that specifically cleaves the RAX gene on the genomic DNA of a human ES cell line (KhES-1: human ES cell line established by Kyoto University) was purchased from Sigma Aldrich.
  • RAX knock-in human ES cells Retinal tissue differentiation was induced using established RAX :: GFP knock-in human ES cells.
  • RAX :: GFP knock-in human ES cells (derived from KhES-1) were obtained from “Ueno, M. et al. PNAS 2006, 103 (25), 9554-9559” “Watanabe, K. et al. Nat Biotech 2007, 25, 681 -686 "was cultured according to the method described in the above and used for the experiment.
  • the medium used was a DMEM / F12 medium (Invitrogen) supplemented with 20% KSR (Knockout Serum Replacement; Invitrogen), 0.1 mM 2-mercaptoethanol, 5-10 ng / ml bFGF, and the like.
  • ES cells are monodispersed using 0.25% trypsin-EDTA (Invitrogen), and a non-cell-adhesive 96-well culture plate (Sumilon Spheroid Plate, Sumitomo Bakelite) The cells were suspended in 150 ⁇ l of differentiation medium so that 9 ⁇ 10 3 cells per well were formed, and aggregates were rapidly formed, followed by culturing at 37 ° C.
  • a differentiation medium at that time a serum-free medium obtained by adding 20% KSR, Y27632, or the like to a G-MEM medium was used. Further, from the second day of culture, matrigel was added and cultured. After the initiation of differentiation, the expression of GFP was confirmed in the aggregate from about the 12th day by observation with a fluorescence microscope, and a neuroepithelium-like structure expressing GFP was formed around the aggregate in about the 14th day (FIG. 1). , FIG. 2).
  • this neuroepithelial-like structure was separated from the aggregate using tweezers, and after continuation of culture by adding fetal bovine serum or retinoic acid in a non-adhesive plastic petri dish (FIGS. 3 and 4), sections were prepared, and the differentiation state was analyzed by fluorescent immunostaining (FIG. 5).
  • a neuroepithelium-like structure 40 days after the start of differentiation induction is composed of GFP positive cells in which the RAX gene is expressed, and Pax6, which is one of the retinal progenitor cell marker genes, in the GFP positive cells. It was revealed that retinal tissue was formed in which positive cells, Chx10 positive cells, which are one of the bipolar cell marker genes, and Brn3 positive cells, which are one of the ganglion cell marker genes, were arranged in layers (FIG. 5). ).
  • Comparative Example 1 (Cryopreservation by freezing of retinal tissue induced to differentiate from human ES cells) The differentiation-induced retinal tissue was cryopreserved at a temperature decrease rate of 100 ° C./min or more.
  • DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
  • DAP213 3M propylene glycol
  • the freezing tube was immersed in liquid nitrogen and cryopreserved at a temperature decrease rate of 100 ° C./min or more.
  • the frozen tubes were stored in a ⁇ 150 ° C. freezer until thawing was performed.
  • the freezing tube was taken out from the ⁇ 150 ° C. freezer, and the medium previously warmed to 37 ° C. using a 37 ° C. water bath was placed in the freezing tube and thawed. After dispensing into a 15 ml tube and transferring the retinal tissue into 10 ml of the medium heated to 37 ° C., the supernatant was removed.
  • Comparative Example 2 (Cryopreservation by freezing after permeabilization of cryoprotectant (11.0% (w / v) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)) of retinal tissue induced to differentiate from human ES cells)
  • cryoprotectant 11.0% (w / v) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)
  • the retinal tissue induced to differentiate was subjected to osmotic treatment using a solution containing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a cryoprotectant before freezing, and then cryopreserved at a temperature decrease rate of 100 ° C./min or more.
  • About 10 to 20 retinal tissues are transferred from the culture dish to a 15 ml polypropylene tube, and the supernatant is removed.
  • a solution containing a cryoprotectant a solution obtained by adding 11.0% (w / v) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to the above-mentioned medium for retinal tissue culture was used.
  • DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
  • 200 ⁇ l of DAP213 is added as a cryopreservation solution, the retinal tissue is transferred to the cryotube together with the cryopreservation solution, and the cryotube is immediately immersed in liquid nitrogen using tweezers.
  • Cryopreservation was performed at a temperature decrease rate of at least ° C / min.
  • the frozen tubes were stored in a ⁇ 150 ° C. freezer until thawing was performed.
  • cryopreservation was performed at a temperature decrease rate of 100 ° C./min or higher after osmosis treatment using a medium for retinal tissue culture containing 11.0% (w / v) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a cryoprotectant.
  • DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
  • Example 1 Freezing by freezing after osmotic treatment of retinal tissue cryo-protective substances (11.0% (w / v) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and 5.55% (w / v) ethylene glycol) induced to differentiate from human ES cells) Save) Osmotic treatment was performed using a solution containing 11.0% (w / v) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and 5.55% (w / v) ethylene glycol (EG) as cryoprotectants using retinal tissue induced to differentiate before freezing. The procedure was the same as in Comparative Example 2 except that.
  • RAX is expressed more than when the cryoprotectant infiltration treatment using the above-mentioned culture medium for retinal tissue culture containing 11.0% (w / v) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is performed. It was found that the preservation of the retinal tissue was improved (FIGS. 6G and H), and the layer structure was retained (FIGS. 8A and B).
  • Example 2 (Cryoprotectant of retinal tissue differentiated from human ES cells (11.0% (w / v) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 5.55% (w / v) ethylene glycol (EG) and 10% (w / v) v) Sucrose) Cryopreservation by freezing after osmosis treatment)
  • DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
  • EG ethylene glycol
  • cryopreservation was performed at a temperature decrease rate of 100 ° C./min or more, and the retina not cryopreserved although the expression intensity of GFP was slightly weaker than that of the retina tissue not cryopreserved.
  • the state comparable to that of the tissue was maintained, the storage stability was very good (FIGS. 6I and J), and the layer structure was also maintained (FIGS. 8C, D and E).
  • Comparative Example 3 (Cryopreservation by freezing after cryoprotectant (sucrose) permeation treatment of retinal tissue induced to differentiate from human ES cells)
  • a cryoprotectant penetration solution retinal tissue culture medium with 5% sucrose, 10% sucrose, 20% sucrose, 5.55% EG and 10% sucrose , 11% (w / v) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and 10% (w / v) sucrose were added and frozen and thawed in the same manner as described above.
  • DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide

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JP2017515510A (ja) * 2014-05-12 2017-06-15 ルースタービオ インコーポレイテッド 即時プリント可能な細胞及び一体化されたデバイス
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CN105432597B (zh) * 2014-08-29 2018-08-03 马燕琳 冷冻保存诱导多能干细胞的试剂盒及方法

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