WO2013076925A1 - 抵抗スポット溶接継手 - Google Patents
抵抗スポット溶接継手 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013076925A1 WO2013076925A1 PCT/JP2012/007099 JP2012007099W WO2013076925A1 WO 2013076925 A1 WO2013076925 A1 WO 2013076925A1 JP 2012007099 W JP2012007099 W JP 2012007099W WO 2013076925 A1 WO2013076925 A1 WO 2013076925A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- nugget
- resistance spot
- strength
- spot welding
- concentration
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/10—Spot welding; Stitch welding
- B23K11/11—Spot welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/10—Spot welding; Stitch welding
- B23K11/11—Spot welding
- B23K11/115—Spot welding by means of two electrodes placed opposite one another on both sides of the welded parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/16—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating taking account of the properties of the material to be welded
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a joint excellent in tensile strength formed by resistance spot welding, which is a kind of lap resistance welding method.
- resistance spot welding is performed by attaching a plate set 3 of two or more stacked steel plates (here, the lower steel plate 1 and the upper steel plate 2) to a pair of upper and lower electrode tips (lower Are sandwiched between the electrode tip 4 and the upper electrode tip 5), and are melted by pressurization and energization to form a nugget 6 having a necessary size, thereby obtaining a welded joint.
- the quality of the joint obtained in this way is judged by whether or not a sufficient nugget diameter is obtained, or the shear tensile strength (strength when the tensile test is performed in the shear direction of the joint), cross It is evaluated by tensile strength (strength when a tensile test is performed in the peeling direction of the joint) or fatigue strength.
- static strength such as shear tensile strength and cross tensile strength is regarded as very important as an index of the quality of welded joints.
- the tensile shear strength of the spot welded portion tends to increase as the tensile strength of the steel plate increases.
- the cross tensile strength hardly increases regardless of the increase in the tensile strength of the steel sheet, but decreases.
- the carbon equivalent Ceq represented by the formula (1) or the like must be increased, and in addition, welding is a rapid heating and quenching phenomenon. This is thought to be because the hardness increases and the toughness decreases at the weld and heat affected zone.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 measure the hardness of the nugget and the heat-affected zone, and assume that the high strength of the joint can be ensured when the value is within a certain range.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a resistance spot welded joint that can solve the above-mentioned problems in resistance spot welding of a plate set including a high-strength steel sheet and can secure joint strength by an index that does not depend on hardness.
- the present inventors diligently studied a resistance spot welded joint excellent in cross tensile strength of a plate set including a high-strength steel plate.
- the present invention has been completed from these findings and has the following characteristics.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a resistance spot welding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the nugget and the analytical measurement range.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the evaluation of the concentration M of P (phosphorus) of the base material composition in the case of three plate assemblies.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a corona bond having a base material composition in the case of three plate assemblies.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the shape of the electrode (electrode used in the examples).
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between welding time and current according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- a welding apparatus that can be suitably used in forming a welded joint according to the present invention includes a pair of upper and lower electrode tips, can sandwich a portion to be welded with a pair of electrode tips, can be pressurized, and can be energized. It only needs to have a pressure control device and a welding current control device that can control the welding current arbitrarily, respectively, pressurization mechanism (air cylinder, servo motor, etc.), current control mechanism (AC, DC, etc.), type ( The stationary type, robot gun, etc.) are not particularly limited.
- FIG. 2 shows a region in the nugget surrounded by a closed curve with a distance of d / 100 and a closed curve with a distance of d / 5, together with the positional relationship of each length used for evaluation.
- a closed curve (d / 100) and a closed curve (d / 5) indicate a closed curve with a distance of d / 100 and a closed curve with a distance of d / 5 in the nugget inside direction from the melt end. Since this is a schematic diagram, it is shown as a perfect circle. However, when implemented, it approximates a perfect circle, but it does not necessarily have a true circle in a strict sense, and may be slightly different.
- the corona bond is generally low in strength
- the nugget surface surrounded by the corona bond is peeled off first during the tensile test and becomes the crack opening end against the nugget. This is because it is considered the most suitable to do.
- the crack direction may be shifted up and down, so that a range of 1/10 above and below the nugget thickness from the same height as the corona bond may be treated as a measurement range. .
- the reason why d / 100 is set from the end of the melted part is that the solidified end is partly melted and is not considered the object of this evaluation.
- the reason why d / 5 is set from the end of the melted part is that the range that affects the crack is considered to be up to d / 5.
- the upper limit is more preferably d / 10 or less in a narrower range.
- P P analysis is performed by surface analysis for selective or all of the above areas. Analysis by EPMA is most suitable for this evaluation.
- the area where the concentration m (mass%) of P exceeds twice the concentration M (mass%) of P in the base material composition is compared with the area of the region surrounded by the two closed curves, and the area ratio To evaluate.
- the concentration M (mass%) of P in the base material composition is the concentration (mass%) of P contained in the steel sheet if the steel sheet is a two-sheet set and has the same chemical component. .
- P1, P2 mass%
- t1, t2 plate thicknesses
- approximately P (P1 ⁇ t1 + P2 ⁇ t2) / (t1 + t2) It can be calculated.
- the concentration (mass%) of P contained in the steel sheet is welded from the viewpoint that all the steel sheets 2 are melted with respect to the steel sheets 1 and 3 in contact with the electrodes as shown in FIG.
- the nugget surrounded by the corona bond existing at the interface between the two plate assemblies whose joint strength is to be evaluated.
- Point on the horizontal plane For example, in FIG. 4, when the joint strengths of the steel plate 2 and the steel plate 3 are evaluated, a portion indicated by a solid line is a corresponding corona bond, and a horizontal plane of the nugget surrounded by the corona bond is a portion indicated by a dotted line.
- the area where the P concentration m (mass%) exceeds twice the P concentration M (mass%) of the base material composition is required to be 5% or less in terms of area ratio.
- the region in which the concentration m (mass%) of P exceeds twice the concentration M (mass%) of P in the base material composition is brittle due to solidification segregation when exceeding twice. This is because such destruction is remarkably induced.
- the reason why the area ratio is set to 5% or less is that the breakdown start can be sufficiently suppressed by setting the area ratio to 5% or less.
- analysis by EPMA is most suitable for this evaluation, but analysis by EDX or WDX can also be performed.
- the acceleration voltage is 13 to 17 kV
- the irradiation current is 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 A or more and 3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 A or less
- the beam diameter is 1 to 3 ⁇ m ⁇
- the number of steps is 1 to 3 ⁇ m
- the counting time is 3 to 3 It is preferable to carry out under the condition of 10 s / points.
- Area analysis is performed within the above range to calculate the area ratio. However, evaluation may be performed simply by line analysis.
- the area ratio can be obtained by an image analyzer. At this time, by setting the area ratio to 3% or less, it is possible to obtain a more desirable high-strength joint in which the influence of P is further reduced.
- the cooling is performed once after the non-energization time, and the time for performing the energization again (the post-process energization time) is performed twice.
- the nugget diameter size at the interface be between 3 ⁇ t and 6 ⁇ t with the thickness t of the thin plate of the two plates constituting a corona bond. This is because, in spot welding, a minimum nugget is ensured, and an excessively large heat effect is prevented.
- a non-energization time Tc of 4 to 30 cycles (1 cycle is 0.02S). This is because while minimum solidification must be ensured, it becomes inefficient if cooling is advanced and reheating is required. Thereafter, two-stage energization is performed.
- the first-stage energization current value Ip1 is set lower than the second-stage energization Ip2 to suppress the occurrence of scattering due to rapid energization. Further, from the viewpoint that the nugget needs to be heated to sufficiently diffuse P, it is desirable that Ip2 be a current higher than Im.
- heating by a post-heating device using induction heating or the like is also conceivable.
- a servo motor pressurizing type attached to a welding gun for a plate set 3 in which two steel plates (lower steel plate 1 and upper steel plate 2) are stacked. Then, resistance spot welding was performed using a single phase alternating current (50 Hz) resistance welder to produce a resistance spot welded joint.
- the pair of used electrode tips (lower electrode tip 4 and upper electrode tip 5) are both composed of an alumina-dispersed copper DR type electrode having a tip radius of curvature R40 and a tip diameter of 6 mm. did.
- the lower steel plate 1 and the upper steel plate 2 are the same steel type (steel having the same chemical composition) and have the same thickness, and have a tensile strength of 780 MPa class, tensile strength of 980 MPa class, 1180 MPa class, tensile strength.
- a 1470 MPa grade cold-rolled steel sheet was used. Using these steel plates, welding and tensile tests were performed based on JIS Z3137.
- resistance spot welding was performed based on the above-described embodiment of the present invention. At that time, as shown in FIG. 6, the time during which no energization was performed (no energization time Tc) and the time during which energization (Ip1, Ip2) was performed again (post-process energization times Tp1, Tp2) were performed twice. .
- Table 1 shows the welding conditions and welding results of the present invention example, the conventional example, and the comparative example. Welding conditions not shown in the table (for example, squeeze time or slope time) were not set. In addition, it was confirmed that the nugget diameter did not increase due to energization in the subsequent process.
- the region in the nugget surrounded by the closed curve of the distance of d / 100 and the closed curve of the distance of d / 5 in the nugget inside direction from the end of the melted part That is, in a hollow circular region surrounded by a distance of d / 100 to d / 5 from the melt end, a field analysis of 5 points at 30 ⁇ m square was randomly performed and the distribution state of P was analyzed by EPMA. Furthermore, the area ratio of the segregation part which becomes 2 times or more with respect to the base material P amount M was evaluated.
- the P concentration portion was reduced, and an improvement in the cross tensile strength was recognized.
- a plate assembly in which three steel plates (lower steel plate 1, middle steel plate 2, upper steel plate 3) were stacked was attached to a welding gun.
- Resistance spot welding was performed by using a servo motor pressurization type single-phase AC (50 Hz) resistance welding machine to produce a resistance spot welded joint.
- the pair of used electrode tips (lower electrode tip 4 and upper electrode tip 5) are both composed of an alumina-dispersed copper DR type electrode having a tip radius of curvature R40 and a tip diameter of 6 mm. did.
- Table 2 shows the plate set of the test piece.
- the strength is tensile strength, and when there is no plating, cold-rolled steel sheet and GA indicates GA steel sheet.
- the basis weight of the GA steel sheet was 45 g / mm 2 .
- welding and tensile tests were performed based on JIS Z3137. All the tensile tests were performed between the steel plate 1 and the steel plate 2.
- resistance spot welding was performed based on the above-described embodiment of the present invention. At that time, as shown in FIG. 6, the time during which no energization was performed (no energization time Tc) and the time during which energization (Ip1, Ip2) was performed again (post-process energization times Tp1, Tp2) were performed twice. .
- Table 3 shows welding conditions and welding results of the inventive examples and the comparative examples. Welding conditions not shown in the table (for example, squeeze time or slope time) were not set. It was confirmed that the nugget diameter did not increase due to energization in the post-process.
- the P-concentrated portion was reduced, and an improvement in the cross tensile strength was recognized.
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Resistance Welding (AREA)
Abstract
Description
ここで、%は質量%を意味している。
薄鋼板が構成するナゲットの径をdとしたとき、コロナボンドに囲まれたナゲットの水平面上において、
溶融部端部からナゲット内部方向に、d/100の距離の閉曲線とd/5の距離の閉曲線で囲まれるナゲット内の領域に存在するPの量の分布状態を面分析し、Pの濃度m(質量%)が、母材組成のPの濃度M(質量%)の2倍を超えている面積比率が5%以下であることを特徴とする抵抗スポット溶接継手。
(2)前記薄鋼板の枚数が3枚以上であることを特徴とする(1)に記載の抵抗スポット溶接継手。
3枚の場合には、当該鋼板の含有するPの濃度(質量%)は、図3に示すように電極に接する鋼板1及び3に対して鋼板2は全て溶融しているという観点から、溶接後の断面を切断し、ナゲットを観察することによって得られる電極と同軸上のナゲット厚み(t1~t3)を用いて、P=(P1×t1+P2×t2+P3×t3)/(t1+t2+t3)のように表す。
さらに鋼板が3枚より多いn枚の場合には、ナゲット厚み(t1~tn)を用いて同様に、P=(P1×t1+P2×t2+P3×t3+・・・+Pn×tn)/(t1+t2+t3+・・・tn)と表すことができる。
本評価には、前述したようにEPMAによる分析が最も適しているがその他EDXやWDXによる分析も行うことができる。EPMAによる分析を行う場合には、加速電圧13~17kV、照射電流は1×10-7A以上、3×10-7A以下、ビーム径1~3μmφとし、ステップ数は1~3μm、計数時間3~10s/pointsの条件で行うことが好ましい。
2 上の鋼板
3 板組
4 下の電極チップ
5 上の電極チップ
6 ナゲット
t 総板厚(mm)
d ナゲット径
Claims (2)
- 薄鋼板の抵抗スポット溶接継手において、
薄鋼板が構成するナゲットの径をdとしたとき、コロナボンドに囲まれたナゲットの水平面上において、
溶融部端部からナゲット内部方向に、d/100の距離の閉曲線とd/5の距離の閉曲線で囲まれるナゲット内の領域に存在するPの量の分布状態を面分析し、Pの濃度m(質量%)が、母材組成のPの濃度M(質量%)の2倍を超えている面積比率が5%以下である
ことを特徴とする抵抗スポット溶接継手。 - 前記薄鋼板の枚数が3枚以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の抵抗スポット溶接継手。
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP12851978.2A EP2783782B1 (en) | 2011-11-25 | 2012-11-06 | Resistance spot welding joint |
EP17162271.5A EP3199289B1 (en) | 2011-11-25 | 2012-11-06 | Method of analysis of a welded joint manufactured by a method of resistance spot welding |
KR1020167034441A KR101923944B1 (ko) | 2011-11-25 | 2012-11-06 | 저항 스폿 용접 방법 및 저항 스폿 용접 조인트의 평가 방법 |
CN201280058055.7A CN103958110B (zh) | 2011-11-25 | 2012-11-06 | 电阻点焊接头 |
KR1020147014639A KR20140088192A (ko) | 2011-11-25 | 2012-11-06 | 저항 스폿 용접 조인트 |
US14/357,016 US9737955B2 (en) | 2011-11-25 | 2012-11-06 | Welded joint manufactured by method of resistance spot welding |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2011-256906 | 2011-11-25 | ||
JP2011256906A JP5267640B2 (ja) | 2011-11-25 | 2011-11-25 | 抵抗スポット溶接継手の評価方法 |
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WO2013076925A1 true WO2013076925A1 (ja) | 2013-05-30 |
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PCT/JP2012/007099 WO2013076925A1 (ja) | 2011-11-25 | 2012-11-06 | 抵抗スポット溶接継手 |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US9737955B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP2783782B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5267640B2 (ja) |
KR (2) | KR20140088192A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103958110B (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI505890B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2013076925A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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JP2016531200A (ja) * | 2013-07-25 | 2016-10-06 | アルセロールミタル | 高強度および高成形鋼を用いたスポット溶接継手ならびにその製造方法 |
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MX2014012776A (es) | 2012-04-25 | 2014-11-21 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corp | Junta de soldadura por puntos. |
US20160082543A1 (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2016-03-24 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | Spot-welded joint and spot welding method |
EP2818272B1 (de) * | 2013-06-28 | 2018-12-26 | TI Automotive (Heidelberg) GmbH | Schweissverfahren zur Vermeidung von Rissen |
US20150314363A1 (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-05 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method of forming a vehicle body structure from a pre-welded blank assembly |
MX2016014260A (es) * | 2014-05-07 | 2017-02-22 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corp | Metodo de soldadura por puntos. |
CN107000109B (zh) * | 2014-12-01 | 2021-09-10 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | 电阻点焊方法 |
DE102014117923A1 (de) * | 2014-12-04 | 2016-06-09 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Widerstandsschweißen von Sandwichblechen |
US10946470B2 (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2021-03-16 | Jfe Steel Corporation | Resistance spot welding method and welded member production method |
KR102215856B1 (ko) | 2016-06-09 | 2021-02-15 | 제이에프이 스틸 가부시키가이샤 | 저항 스폿 용접 방법 |
JP6763483B2 (ja) | 2018-02-09 | 2020-09-30 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 抵抗スポット溶接方法、抵抗スポット溶接継手の製造方法 |
JP7043291B2 (ja) * | 2018-02-26 | 2022-03-29 | 東プレ株式会社 | テーラードブランクプレス成形品の製造方法 |
JP6963282B2 (ja) * | 2018-04-20 | 2021-11-05 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | アルミニウム材の抵抗スポット溶接継手、及びアルミニウム材の抵抗スポット溶接方法 |
JP6879345B2 (ja) * | 2018-09-07 | 2021-06-02 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 抵抗スポット溶接方法、抵抗スポット溶接継手の製造方法 |
JP7299192B2 (ja) * | 2020-04-15 | 2023-06-27 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 抵抗溶接部材の製造方法 |
CN113146007B (zh) * | 2021-04-27 | 2022-09-13 | 东风柳州汽车有限公司 | 电阻点焊的焊接搭接量确定方法以及装置 |
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- 2012-11-06 KR KR1020167034441A patent/KR101923944B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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- 2012-11-06 EP EP17162271.5A patent/EP3199289B1/en active Active
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US11504795B2 (en) | 2013-07-25 | 2022-11-22 | Arcelormittal | Spot welded joint using high strength and high forming steel and its production method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN103958110A (zh) | 2014-07-30 |
US20140308070A1 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
EP3199289A1 (en) | 2017-08-02 |
TWI505890B (zh) | 2015-11-01 |
EP2783782B1 (en) | 2017-09-06 |
US9737955B2 (en) | 2017-08-22 |
EP3199289B1 (en) | 2018-09-12 |
EP2783782A4 (en) | 2015-09-23 |
EP2783782A1 (en) | 2014-10-01 |
TW201343294A (zh) | 2013-11-01 |
KR20140088192A (ko) | 2014-07-09 |
KR20160145846A (ko) | 2016-12-20 |
JP2013111584A (ja) | 2013-06-10 |
CN103958110B (zh) | 2017-05-03 |
JP5267640B2 (ja) | 2013-08-21 |
KR101923944B1 (ko) | 2018-11-30 |
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