WO2013063882A1 - 一种在卧式预热器中心筒的筒体上焊接耳板的加工方法 - Google Patents

一种在卧式预热器中心筒的筒体上焊接耳板的加工方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013063882A1
WO2013063882A1 PCT/CN2012/071208 CN2012071208W WO2013063882A1 WO 2013063882 A1 WO2013063882 A1 WO 2013063882A1 CN 2012071208 W CN2012071208 W CN 2012071208W WO 2013063882 A1 WO2013063882 A1 WO 2013063882A1
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Prior art keywords
welding
ear plate
cylinder
weld
central cylinder
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PCT/CN2012/071208
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
汪忠
沈建新
侯超
陈仕来
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上海锅炉厂有限公司
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Application filed by 上海锅炉厂有限公司 filed Critical 上海锅炉厂有限公司
Priority to US13/808,114 priority Critical patent/US9242314B2/en
Publication of WO2013063882A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013063882A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
    • B23K37/047—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work moving work to adjust its position between soldering, welding or cutting steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K31/12—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to investigating the properties, e.g. the weldability, of materials
    • B23K31/125—Weld quality monitoring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
    • B23K37/0426—Fixtures for other work
    • B23K37/0435—Clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/007—Spot arc welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/12—Vessels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/14—Heat exchangers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for processing a welded ear plate, in particular to a processing method capable of laterally welding a fin-shaped ear plate in a circumferential direction on a cylindrical surface of a cylindrical body of a horizontal preheater,
  • the manufacture of a central cylinder for a rotary horizontal installation air preheater belongs to the technical field of rotary heat exchanger equipment. Background technique
  • the center cylinder 10 is the core component of the horizontal preheater.
  • the installation relationship of the center cylinder of the horizontal preheater is as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the center cylinder 10 is supported on the left and right intermediate beams 12 by the guide end shaft 11 after the guide end shafts 11 are mounted on both ends, and the module assembly 13 (ie, the figure)
  • the radial partition plate 131 in the latitude of 1 and the ear plate 20 welded on the cylindrical surface of the central cylinder are used for the positioning plate at the site (not shown in Fig.
  • the positioning plate has been removed after the module assembly is installed)
  • the joints are then welded into one body, and all the heat transfer elements (ie, the corrugated plates are grouped into small packets according to the shape and size of the cells shown in Fig. 1) are assembled into the module and then welded firmly. Therefore, it is a key process to manufacture the equipment to ensure the welding quality of the fin-shaped ear plate and the central cylinder body. If the welding quality is not good, the position here bears the weight of the entire heat transfer element. When the heat exchanger is running, it is affected by the shearing force, which may cause the weld to crack and affect the operation of the preheater.
  • the center cylinder can only be placed on the platform to weld the ear plate as shown in Figs. 2a and 2b without any measures.
  • the central cylindrical body 10 is composed of three parts of a first member 101, a second member 102 and a third member 103.
  • the ear plate 20 is welded to the central cylindrical body 10 composed of the three members, and the positioning plate 40 is spot-welded.
  • the lateral welding is the best choice for this process, but The use of transverse welding requires manufacturing process equipment to support the center tube and allow it to be rotated. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to manufacture a process equipment which enables the center cylinder to be vacant and can be rotated, so that the welding of the central cylinder body and the ear plate can be carried out by means of flat welding (ie, lateral welding).
  • the processing method can greatly improve the welding quality of the ear plate of the center cylinder.
  • the present invention provides a method of welding an ear plate on a cylinder of a horizontal preheater center cylinder, the method comprising the following specific steps:
  • Step 1 Design and prepare a set of process equipment, the process equipment comprises a pair of welding guide brackets, a roller frame with a pair of rollers and a pair of iron piers, and the process equipment utilizes a welding guide bracket to make the entire horizontal preheater center After the cylinder is supported, it can be hoisted on the roller frame for welding;
  • Step 2 Place the center tube on the trampoline, divide it by 24 points in the circumferential direction, and draw the assembly line of the ear plate on the cylinder;
  • Step 3 Hang the center tube on the working platform of the workshop, and after placing the position line of the ear plate on the platform, place the ear plate on the center tube and spot weld;
  • Step 4 the welding guide bracket is mounted on the center cylinder, and is integrally hoisted on the roller frame, the roller frame is placed on the iron pier, and the distance between the two rollers on the roller frame is adjusted so that the two ends of the center cylinder are substantially coaxial;
  • Step 5 Temporarily fix the flat steel at both ends of the ear plate, and swing the arc plates at both ends of the welded joint;
  • Step 6 Apply symmetric welding to the center tube ear plate, weld to 1/3 weld high, reverse Clear the root, then weld the back side to 1/2 weld height, then weld the front side to 2/3 weld height, then weld the back side, and finally weld the front side;
  • Step 7 Remove the temporary fixed flat steel, extrude the arc plate, batch weld the weld, weld the weld, and remove the spatter; Step 8. Ultrasonic flaw detection, pass the roller frame after passing the test, and remove the welding guide bracket.
  • the above-mentioned method for welding an ear plate on a cylinder of a horizontal preheater central cylinder wherein the spot welding strengthening step also includes a pre-weld preheating step.
  • the above-mentioned method for welding an ear plate on a cylinder of a horizontal preheater central cylinder wherein the anti-deformation measure refers to a group of two welders simultaneously welding one ear plate and two slabs on the ear plate Symmetrical welding.
  • the invention has the advantages that: the natural position state of the workpiece is changed and the workpiece can be smoothly rotated, and the design and manufacture process equipment has the advantages of simple structure, convenient and safe lifting, and can improve the welding quality and the operator standing when welding. Work does not feel uncomfortable and reduces labor intensity.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the installation relationship of the center cylinder of the horizontal preheater.
  • Fig. 2a is a schematic view of the center tube which can only be placed on the platform to weld the ear plate, that is, the vertical welded ear plate, without taking any measures;
  • Fig. 2b is a schematic cross-sectional view of Fig. 2a in the circumferential direction.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the method of welding the ear plates which are actually placed on the roller frame after the centering cylinder of the present invention is attached with the welding guide bracket, that is, the transverse welding ear plate.
  • Step 1 Design and manufacture a process equipment comprising a pair of welding guide brackets 31, a roller frame 32 having a pair of rollers and a pair of iron piers 33.
  • the process equipment utilizes a welding guide bracket 31 to make the entire horizontal After the preheater central cylinder 10 is supported, it can be hoisted on the roller frame for welding;
  • Step 2 placing the center cylinder 10 on the trampoline, equally dividing it in the circumferential direction by 24, and arranging the assembly line of the ear plate 20 on the cylinder;
  • Step 3 The central cylinder 10 is hung on the working platform of the workshop. After the position line of the ear plate 20 is drawn on the platform, the ear plate 20 is placed on the center cylinder 10, spot welding (preheating before welding), The position of the sample calibration ear plate is equally distributed, and the spot welding is strengthened after the drawing requirements are met (preheating before welding);
  • Step 4 Mount the welding guide bracket 31 on the center cylinder 10 with a bolt or the like, and hoist the center cylinder and the welding guide bracket to the roller frame 32.
  • the roller frame 32 is placed on the iron pier 33, and the roller is adjusted.
  • the distance between the two rollers on the frame 32 makes the central tube 10 substantially coaxial at both ends, as shown in FIG. 3;
  • Step 5 Temporarily fix the flat steel at both ends of the ear plate 20, and swing the arc plates at both ends of the welded joint;
  • Step 6 the center tube upper ear plate 20 is symmetrically welded, and welded to 1/3 weld height. , the reverse surface is cleared, then the welding surface is welded to 1/2 weld height, and then the front surface is welded to 2/3 weld seam height, then the reverse surface is welded, and finally the front surface is welded, and the welding adopts anti-deformation measures;
  • a pair of welders is used to weld one ear plate at the same time and two-way symmetric welding on the ear plate;
  • Step 7 Remove the temporary fixed flat steel, lead the arc plate, grind the weld, weld the weld, and remove the spatter;
  • Step 8 ultrasonic inspection, pass the roller frame 32 after passing, remove the welding guide bracket
  • the invention designs and manufactures a set of welding guide brackets which can support the entire central cylinder and can be hoisted and welded on the roller frame.
  • the lateral welding process of the equipment can not only greatly improve the ear of the central cylinder.
  • the welding quality of the board can also reduce the labor intensity of the operators.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Abstract

一种在卧式预热器中心筒的筒体上焊接耳板的加工方法：步骤1，设计一套工艺设备，包含焊接导向托架（31）、滚轮架（32）及铁墩（33）；步骤2，在中心筒（10）筒体上划出耳板（20）的装配线；步骤3，在工作平台上划出耳板的位置线后，将耳板摆搭在中心筒上，点燥；步骤4，将焊接导向托架装上中心筒，并整体吊装在滚轮架上，滚轮架置放在铁墩上，使中心筒两头基本同轴；步骤5，在耳板两端摆搭临时固定扁钢，摆搭引熄弧板；步骤6，在中心筒耳板两侧对称施焊；步骤7，拆除临时固定扁钢、引熄弧板，批磨焊缝、焊疤；步骤8，超声波探伤检查，合格后吊出滚轮架，拆下焊接导向托架。该加工方法能大幅提高焊接质量，减轻操作工人劳动强度。

Description

一种在卧式预热器中心筒的筒体上焊接耳板的加工方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种焊接耳板的加工方法， 具体地， 涉及一种能在卧式预热 器中心筒的筒体圆柱面上横向焊接周向分散布置呈鳍片状的耳板的加工方 法， 用于回转式卧式安装空气预热器的中心筒的制造， 属于回转式换热器设 备技术领域。 背景技术
中心筒 10是卧式预热器的核心部件。卧式预热器的中心筒的安装关系如 图 1所示，中心筒 10在两头装上导向端轴 11后依靠导向端轴 11支撑在左右 两根中间梁 12上， 模块组件 13 (即图 1中的仓格） 中的径向隔板 131与焊 接在中心筒圆柱面上的耳板 20在工地现场用定位板（图 1中未示，定位板在 装妥模块组件后已拆掉） 联结， 然后焊接成一体， 所有传热元件 （即波形板 按图 1所示仓格形状及尺寸打成一个个小包） 装进模块中后焊牢。 因此， 保 证周向呈鳍片状的耳板与中心筒筒体焊接时的焊接质量成为制造该设备的关 键工序， 如果焊接质量不好， 此处位置承受了整个传热元件的重量， 在预热 器运转时受剪切力影响， 可能会引起焊缝裂开， 影响预热器的运行。
现有技术中， 通常是采用将中心筒筒体与耳板竖向焊接的方法， 中心筒 在未采取任何措施的情况下只能如图 2a、 2b所示摆放在平台上焊接耳板。中 心筒筒体 10由第一部件 101、 第二部件 102及第三部件 103三个部件组成， 耳板 20焊接在由这三个部件组成的中心筒筒体 10上，定位板 40点焊在耳板 20上。 由于中心筒的筒体与耳板竖向焊接时， 溶透性差， 容易挂焊渣， 焊缝 成型差等影响焊接质量的因素较多， 所以采取横向焊接是这道工序的最佳选 择， 但是， 采取横向焊接需制造工艺装备把中心筒横卧腾空托住并能使之旋 转才能完成。 发明内容
本发明的目的是制造一套能使中心筒横卧腾空， 并能使之旋转的工艺装 备， 以使在焊接中心筒筒体与耳板时能采取平焊方式焊接 （即横向焊接） 的 方法， 该加工方法能大幅度地提高中心筒的耳板的焊接质量。
为实现以上目的， 本发明提供了一种在卧式预热器中心筒的筒体上焊接 耳板的加工方法， 该方法包含以下具体步骤：
步骤 1， 设计制备一套工艺设备， 该工艺设备包含一对焊接导向托架， 具有一对滚轮的滚轮架及一对铁墩， 该工艺设备利用焊接导向托架使整个卧 式预热器中心筒支撑起来后， 能够吊装于滚轮架上施焊；
步骤 2， 将中心筒放置在镗床上， 按圆周方向 24等分， 在筒体上划出耳 板的装配线；
步骤 3， 将中心筒吊放在车间工作平台上， 在平台上划出耳板的位置线 后， 将耳板摆搭在中心筒上， 点焊；
步骤 4， 将焊接导向托架装上中心筒， 并整体吊装在滚轮架上， 滚轮架 置放在铁墩上， 调整滚轮架上两滚轮间距使中心筒两头基本同轴；
步骤 5， 在耳板两端摆搭临时固定扁钢， 摆搭焊缝两端引熄弧板； 步骤 6， 在中心筒耳板两恻对称施焊， 焊至 1/3焊缝高， 反面清根， 接 着焊反面焊至 1/2焊缝高， 再焊正面至 2/3焊缝高， 然后反面焊妥， 最终正 面焊妥；
步骤 7， 拆除临时固定扁钢、 引熄弧板， 批磨焊缝、 焊疤， 清除飞溅物; 步骤 8， 超声波探伤检査， 合格后吊出滚轮架， 拆下焊接导向托架。 上述的在卧式预热器中心筒的筒体上焊接耳板的加工方法， 其中， 在步 骤 3中， 点焊时， 还包含焊前预热步骤。
上述的在卧式预热器中心筒的筒体上焊接耳板的加工方法， 其中， 在步 骤 3中， 点焊后， 还包含用样板校正耳板的位置均等分布， 满足图纸要求后 点焊加强。
上述的在卧式预热器中心筒的筒体上焊接耳板的加工方法， 其中， 所述 的点焊加强步骤， 也包含焊前预热步骤。
上述的在卧式预热器中心筒的筒体上焊接耳板的加工方法， 其中， 在步 骤 6中， 焊接过程均采用防变形措施。
上述的在卧式预热器中心筒的筒体上焊接耳板的加工方法， 其中， 所述 的防变形措施是指由两个焊工为一组同时焊接一块耳板且在耳板的两恻对称 施焊。 本发明的优点是： 采用改变工件摆放的自然位置状态同时又能够使之平 稳地旋转， 设计制造的工艺装备结构简单， 吊装方便安全， 施焊时既能提高 焊接质量又让操作工人站立着工作不至于感觉身体不舒服， 减轻劳动强度。 附图说明
图 1为卧式预热器的中心筒的安装关系结构示意图。
图 2a为中心筒在未采取任何措施的情况下只能这样摆放于平台上焊接 耳板， 即竖向焊接耳板的示意图； 图 2b为图 2a在圆周方向的截面示意图。
图 3为本发明的中心筒加装了焊接导向托架后横向摆放于滚轮架上实际 采取的焊接耳板的方法， 即横向焊接耳板的示意图。 具体实 ¾ ¾r式
以下结合附图和实施例详细说明本发明的具体实施方式。
实施例
步骤 1，设计制造一套工艺设备，该工艺设备包含一对焊接导向托架 31， 具有一对滚轮的滚轮架 32及一对铁墩 33， 该工艺设备利用焊接导向托架 31 使整个卧式预热器中心筒 10支撑起来后， 能够吊装于滚轮架上施焊；
步骤 2， 将中心筒 10放置在镗床上， 按圆周方向 24等分， 在筒体上划 出耳板 20的装配线；
步骤 3， 将中心筒 10吊放于车间工作平台上， 在平台上划出耳板 20的 位置线后， 将耳板 20摆搭于中心筒 10上， 点焊（焊前预热）， 用样板校正耳 板的位置均等分布， 满足图纸要求后点焊加强 （焊前预热）；
步骤 4， 将焊接导向托架 31用螺栓等工具装上中心筒 10上， 并将中心 筒及焊接导向托架整体吊装于滚轮架 32上，滚轮架 32置放于铁墩 33上，调 整滚轮架 32上两滚轮间距使中心筒 10两头基本同轴， 如图 3所示；
步骤 5， 在耳板 20两端摆搭临时固定扁钢， 摆搭焊缝两端引熄弧板； 步骤 6， 中心筒上耳板 20两恻对称施焊， 焊至 1/3焊缝高， 反面清根， 接着焊反面焊至 1/2焊缝高， 再焊正面至 2/3焊缝高，然后反面焊妥， 最终正 面焊妥， 焊接采用防变形措施； 该防变形措施是指由两个焊工为一组同时焊 接一块耳板且在耳板的两恻对称施焊； 步骤 7， 拆除临时固定扁钢、 引熄弧板， 批磨焊缝、 焊疤， 清除飞溅物; 步骤 8， 超声波探伤检査， 合格后吊出滚轮架 32， 拆下焊接导向托架
31。
本发明设计制造了一套能使整个中心筒支撑起来后能够吊装于滚轮架上 施焊的焊接导向托架的工艺装备， 利用该装备的横向焊接工艺方法不但能大 幅度地提高中心筒的耳板的焊接质量， 还能减轻操作工人劳动强度。
尽管本发明的内容已经通过上述优选实施例作了详细介绍， 但应当认识 到上述的描述不应被认为是对本发明的限制。 在本领域技术人员阅读了上述 内容后， 对于本发明的多种修改和替代都将是显而易见的。 因此， 本发明的 保护范围应由所附的权利要求来限定。

Claims

权利要求：
1. 一种在卧式预热器中心筒的筒体上焊接耳板的加工方法， 其特征在于， 该方法包含以下具体步骤：
步骤 1， 准备一套工艺设备， 包括一对焊接导向托架 （31 )、 具有一 对滚轮的滚轮架 （32) 及一对铁墩 （33);
步骤 2， 将卧式预热器中心筒 （10) 放置在镗床上， 按圆周方向 24 等分， 在筒体上划出耳板 （20) 的装配线；
步骤 3， 将中心筒 （10) 吊放在车间工作平台上， 在平台上划出耳 板 （20) 的位置线后， 将耳板 （20) 摆搭在中心筒 （10) 上， 点焊； 步骤 4， 将一对焊接导向托架 （31 )分别装在中心筒 （10) 的两端， 然后， 整体吊装在滚轮架 （32) 上， 滚轮架 （32) 置放在铁墩 （33) 上， 调整滚轮架上两滚轮间距使中心筒两头基本同轴；
步骤 5， 在耳板（20)两端摆搭临时固定扁钢， 摆搭焊缝两端引熄弧 步骤 6， 在中心筒耳板两恻对称施焊， 焊至 1/3焊缝高， 反面清根， 接着焊反面焊至 1/2焊缝高， 再焊正面至 2/3焊缝高， 然后反面焊妥， 最 终正面焊妥；
步骤 7， 拆除临时固定扁钢、 引熄弧板， 批磨焊缝、 焊疤， 清除飞溅 物；
步骤 8， 超声波探伤检査， 合格后吊出滚轮架 （32)， 拆下焊接导向 托架 （31 )。
2. 如权利要求 1 所述的在卧式预热器中心筒的筒体上焊接耳板的加工方 法， 其特征在于， 在步骤 3中， 点焊时， 还包含焊前预热步骤。
3. 如权利要求 1或 2所述的在卧式预热器中心筒的筒体上焊接耳板的加工 方法， 其特征在于， 在步骤 3 中， 点焊后， 还包含用样板校正耳板的位 置均等分布， 满足图纸要求后点焊加强。
4. 如权利要求 3 所述的在卧式预热器中心筒的筒体上焊接耳板的加工方 法， 其特征在于， 所述的点焊加强步骤， 也包含焊前预热步骤。
5. 如权利要求 1 所述的在卧式预热器中心筒的筒体上焊接耳板的加工方 法， 其特征在于， 在步骤 6中， 焊接过程均采用防变形措施。 如权利要求 5 所述的在卧式预热器中心筒的筒体上焊接耳板的加工方 法， 其特征在于， 所述的防变形措施是指由两个焊工为一组同时焊接一 块耳板且在耳板的两恻对称施焊。
PCT/CN2012/071208 2011-11-01 2012-02-16 一种在卧式预热器中心筒的筒体上焊接耳板的加工方法 WO2013063882A1 (zh)

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