WO2013061736A1 - ガス化システム - Google Patents
ガス化システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013061736A1 WO2013061736A1 PCT/JP2012/075573 JP2012075573W WO2013061736A1 WO 2013061736 A1 WO2013061736 A1 WO 2013061736A1 JP 2012075573 W JP2012075573 W JP 2012075573W WO 2013061736 A1 WO2013061736 A1 WO 2013061736A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
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- ash
- ash content
- coal
- gasification
- solid fuel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1671—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with the production of electricity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
- C10J2300/1807—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
- Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a gasification system for gasifying carbonaceous solid fuel to produce combustible gas fuel, and more particularly to a gasification system capable of improving the heat resistance of a combustor.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 there is a gasification system which gasifies a carbonaceous solid fuel such as coal to generate a flammable gas fuel.
- a gasification system which gasifies a carbonaceous solid fuel such as coal to generate a flammable gas fuel.
- various methods such as a fixed bed method, a fluidized bed method, an air bed method and the like have been proposed for the gasification furnace which performs gasification.
- the fluidized bed method makes the solid fuel into fine powder, and supplies the gas with a gasifying agent such as oxygen, air, etc., in a furnace at a temperature above the melting point of fuel ash (about 1300 to 1800 ° C) to react
- a gasifying agent such as oxygen, air, etc.
- it has high gasification efficiency, a wide range of applied carbon types, and excellent environmental compatibility, etc., as it converts combustible components in fuel into gas and ash into slag. It is suitable for the production of fuels and raw materials such as synthetic gas, combined power generation, and fuel cells, and is being developed in Japan and overseas.
- the temperature of the combustor reaches a high temperature of about 1,800 ° C. at the maximum in gasifying the carbonaceous solid fuel.
- This temperature is a temperature close to the heat resistance limit of the refractory material forming the inner wall surface of the combustor. Therefore, since the durability of the combustor is threatened as it is, molten slag generated by melting of ash when gasifying carbonaceous solid fuel adheres to the inner wall surface of the combustor, and the molten slag itself is utilized as a heat-resistant material of the combustor. ing.
- the heat resistance of the combustor is designed based on the state in which the molten slag adheres to the inner wall surface of the combustor.
- the heat resistance of the combustor of the gasification furnace is designed on the basis of the state in which the molten slag adheres to the inner wall surface of the combustor. For this reason, when a carbonaceous solid fuel with little ash content is supplied, there is a concern that the adhesion amount of molten slag to the inner wall surface of the combustor may be insufficient, and the heat resistance of the combustor may be reduced. Therefore, in the conventional gasification system (gasification furnace), it is difficult to gasify a carbonaceous solid fuel with low ash content, and the type of carbonaceous solid fuel applicable is limited.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is possible to stably gasify a carbonaceous solid fuel with a low ash content by a simple configuration that is applicable to existing gasification furnaces, and is applicable Gasification system capable of increasing the types of carbonaceous solid fuels.
- the present invention adopts the following means. That is, according to a first aspect of the gasification system of the present invention, a carbonaceous solid fuel is reacted with a gasifying agent in a furnace to generate a combustible gas from the carbonaceous solid fuel, and the carbon Solid fuel supply means (pulverized coal supply device) for introducing fine solid fuel into the gasifier and ash supply means (ash component supply device) for introducing the ash of carbonaceous raw material into the gasifier And have.
- the carbon Solid fuel supply means pulseverized coal supply device
- ash supply means ash component supply device
- the pulverized solid carbon fuel is introduced into the gasification furnace from the solid fuel supply means, and the ash of the carbonaceous raw material is introduced into the gasification furnace from the ash supply means . Then, when the carbonaceous solid fuel reacts with the gasifying agent in the gasification furnace, the ash content is charged into the gasification furnace, and therefore, the molten slag produced as the entire ash content after the reaction of the carbonaceous solid fuel Quantity increases. The increased molten slag adheres to the inner wall of the combustor of the gasification furnace, which has a high temperature, and functions as a heat-resistant material of the combustor.
- the carbonaceous solid fuel inherently has a small amount of ash, the amount of this small ash is compensated by the amount of ash input from the ash supply means, and the total ash amount is melted in the interior of the combustor.
- the amount of adhering molten slag can be increased to improve the heat resistance of the combustor. Therefore, even a carbonaceous solid fuel with low ash content can be gasified stably, which can increase the types of applicable carbonaceous solid fuels.
- the ash content supply means in the first aspect is characterized in that the carbonaceous solid fuel is gasified in the gasification furnace as the ash content.
- the ash content produced and discharged may be reintroduced into the gasification furnace.
- the ash content of the carbonaceous solid fuel generated in the gasification furnace is once discharged from the gasification furnace and then again introduced into the gasification furnace, so the inside of the gasification furnace
- the same ash content as the ash content of the carbonaceous solid fuel being reacted in the above will be reintroduced into the gasifier. Therefore, it is unlikely that the reaction conditions inside the gasifier will change due to the re-injection of the ash content.
- the flow state of the molten slag adhering to the inner wall surface of the combustor does not change, the operation within the assumed range becomes possible, and stable gasification can be performed.
- the ash content supplying means in the first aspect supplies, as the ash content, the ash content generated by another combustion system to the gasification furnace. It may be configured as follows.
- the ash content supply means in the first aspect is characterized in that the carbonaceous solid fuel is gasified in the gasification furnace as the ash content. Both the ash content produced and discharged and the ash content produced by other combustion systems may be input to the gasification furnace.
- the molten slag in the case where it is difficult to cause the molten slag to adhere to the inner wall surface of the combustor, such as when the operation of the gasification furnace starts or when the ash content of the carbonaceous solid fuel is extremely small. Also, the shortage of molten slag can be compensated for by introducing ash generated by other combustion systems into the gasifier. Therefore, stable gasification can be performed continuously.
- the ash content charged into the gasification furnace may be 2 to 50% by weight with respect to the charged amount of the carbonaceous solid fuel.
- the amount of ash introduced into the gasification furnace is made appropriate, the heat resistance of the inner wall surface of the combustor is improved, stable gasification is performed, and the generated combustible gas is mixed.
- the amount of ash can be reduced to facilitate the separation of the combustible gas and the ash.
- the ash supply means in any of the first to fourth aspects pulverizes the ash to make the ash together with the carbonaceous solid fuel. It may be configured to be reintroduced into the inside of the gasification furnace.
- the carbonaceous solid fuel charging part originally provided in the gasifying furnace as a charging part for charging ash into the gasification furnace. For this reason, it is possible to increase the amount of molten slag by making it possible to introduce ash into the gasification furnace without modifying the existing gasification furnace, and to improve the heat resistance of the combustor.
- the ash input portion does not open separately other than the carbonaceous solid fuel injection portion. Therefore, air or gas for transporting ash from here does not flow into the combustor, and there is no problem that the internal temperature of the combustor decreases. For this reason, the flow characteristic of the ash content in a combustor does not change from the past, and this enables stable gasification.
- the ash content supply means is controlled by the control unit to operate, and the control unit controls the amount of the ash content generated from the gasification furnace.
- the ash supply means is controlled to achieve a target ash production amount of a predetermined ratio to the input amount of carbonaceous solid fuel, and the ash content generated above the target ash production amount is input to the gasification furnace You may be the structure discarded without doing.
- the amount of ash generated from the gasifier always has a value close to the target ash production amount.
- ash can be made into an optimum amount of molten slag and attached to the inner wall of the combustor, and the heat resistance of the inner wall surface of the combustor can be improved to perform stable gasification.
- the amount of ash input to the gasification furnace can be minimized to prevent the ash from being mixed with a large amount in the generated combustible gas and to facilitate the separation of the combustible gas and the ash. it can.
- the target ash production amount in the sixth aspect is about 2 to 10% by weight relative to the input amount of the carbonaceous solid fuel. May be
- the heat content of the inner wall surface of the combustor is improved by optimizing the amount of ash re-introduced into the gasification furnace, stable gasification is performed, and the generated combustible gas is produced.
- the amount of ash mixed into the catalyst can be reduced, and the separation of combustible gas and ash can be facilitated.
- the ash in any of the first to seventh aspects is a slag after the carbonaceous solid fuel has reacted in the gasification furnace. It may be.
- the ash to be introduced into the gasifier together with the carbonaceous solid fuel is slag after the reaction of the carbonaceous solid fuel, since the unburned components contained in the slag are minute, it is reintroduced into the gasifier. The ashes do not react again. Therefore, the reaction state of the carbonaceous solid fuel can be stabilized and gasified well. Moreover, since the slag is glassy and has a good crushability, it is easy to handle.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a coal gasification system 1 (gasification system) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the coal gasification system 1 is attached to, for example, an integrated coal gasification combined cycle (IGCC) plant, and includes a coal gasification furnace 2 (gasification furnace).
- the coal gasification furnace 2 has a known structure in which the combustor 4 is accommodated inside the main pressure vessel 3 and a carbonaceous solid fuel such as coal is reacted in the furnace with a gasifying agent such as air or oxygen. It produces flammable gas from carbonaceous solid fuel.
- IGCC integrated coal gasification combined cycle
- An air supply device 12 is connected to the coal gasifier 2 via an air supply line 11.
- the air supply device 12 is, for example, an air compressor, which compresses air or oxygen and supplies it to the coal gasifier 2 as a gasifying agent.
- a pulverized coal supply device 15 (solid fuel supply means) is connected to the coal gasifier 2 via a pulverized coal supply line 16.
- the pulverized coal supply device 15 pulverizes carbonaceous solid fuel such as coal with a mill or the like (not shown) into a pulverized form, and feeds it into the coal gasifier 2 through the pulverized coal supply line 16.
- the ash content supply device 20 (ash content supply means) is connected to the pulverized coal supply line 16 via the ash content supply line 21.
- the ash content supply device 20 crushes solid slag, which is generated and discharged when pulverized coal reacts and gasifies in the coal gasifier 2, into a fine powder by a mill or the like (not shown).
- a predetermined amount of pulverized slag is reintroduced into the coal gasifier 2 via the pulverized coal supply line 16.
- a slag recovery hopper 24 is installed at the bottom of the coal gasifier 2, and the solid slag recovered by the slag recovery hopper 24 is fed to the ash content supply device 20 through a slag supply line 25. Furthermore, ash components such as slag and fly ash which do not contain unburned components are also supplied to the ash content supply device 20 through the ash content supply line 29 from other combustion systems 28 such as coal-fired boilers. That is, the ash content supply device 20 generates either the ash content such as slag which is produced and discharged when the pulverized coal is gasified in the coal gasifier 2 or the ash content produced by the other combustion system 28 Either or both of them can be introduced into the coal gasifier 2.
- the pulverized coal supply device 15 and the ash content supply device 20 are both connected to the pulverized coal supply line 16, the pulverized coal supplied from the pulverized coal supply device 15 and the ash content supplied from the ash content supply device 20 (particulate slag ) Are mixed inside the pulverized coal supply line 16 and supplied together to the coal gasifier 2.
- the ash content supply device 20 is controlled by the control unit 31 to operate.
- the control unit 31 includes, for example, data D1 of the pulverized coal supply amount from the pulverized coal supply amount sensor 32 provided in the pulverized coal supply line 16 and the slag generation amount sensor 33 provided in the slag recovery hopper 24, respectively.
- the data D2 of the amount of slag formation is input.
- various operation data D3 such as the combustion temperature and the amount of slag inside the coal gasifier 2 are input to the control unit 31 from the operation monitoring sensor 34 provided in the coal gasifier 2.
- the control unit 31 controls the ash supply device 20 based on the data D1, D2, and D3 and the amount of slag generated in the coal gasifier 2 is in a predetermined ratio to the total input amount of pulverized coal.
- the ash content supply device 20 is controlled to achieve the target slag production amount (target ash content generation amount).
- a gas lead-out line 38 for lead-out of the product gas extends, and this gas lead-out line 38 is connected to a cyclone 39 which is a centrifugal separator.
- the cyclone 39 is for separating char which is an unburned component of pulverized coal contained in the produced gas.
- a dust collection device 42, a desulfurization device 43, and the like are connected to a generated gas transfer line 41 extending from the cyclone 39, and the generated gas transfer line 41 is finally connected to, for example, a gas turbine device 44.
- an air supply device 47 different from the air supply device 12 described above is connected to the coal gasifier 2 via an air supply line 48.
- a char transfer line 51 extending from the cyclone 39 is connected to the air supply line 48, and a char recovery device 52 is connected to the middle of the char transfer line 51.
- the pulverized coal supplied from the pulverized coal supply device 15 is introduced into the coal gasification furnace 2 through the pulverized coal supply line 16 together with the compressed air etc. It is ignited by a burner (not shown) and causes a reaction in a high pressure environment, the combustible component thereof becomes combustible gas, and the remaining ash component becomes slag.
- the combustible gas generated here is led out of the coal gasifier 2 from the gas outlet line 38, sent to the cyclone 39 and separated from the unburned component of pulverized coal, etc. After passing through the transfer line 41, the dust is collected in the dust collector 42, desulfurized in the desulfurizer 43, and then supplied to the gas turbine device 44 for combustion.
- the char separated from the flammable gas by the cyclone 39 is temporarily recovered by the char recovery device 52 through the char transfer line 51, and then the air together with the gasifying agent (air, oxygen, etc.) compressed by the air supply device 47.
- the coal gasifier 2 is fed through the supply line 48 and burns in the combustor 4 together with pulverized coal.
- Slag which is an ash component of pulverized coal which has been reacted inside the combustor 4 of the coal gasifier 2 to generate combustible gas, is melted by the high temperature inside the combustor 4 and becomes molten slag S.
- the molten slag S adheres to the inner wall surface of the combustor 4 and functions as a heat-resistant material of the combustor 4 and then flows downward, for example, dropped into water and quenched to form a glassy solid slag.
- the solid slag is temporarily collected in the slag recovery hopper 24 and then supplied to the ash content supply device 20 through the slag supply line 25.
- the ash supply device 20 crushes solid slag into fine powder slag, and the fine powder slag is supplied to the fine coal supply line 16 through the ash supply line 21 and mixed with the fine coal in the fine coal supply line 16. It is supplied to the coal gasifier 2. At the same time, compressed air generated by the air supply device 12 is supplied as a gasifying agent into the coal gasifier 2 through the air supply line 11.
- the control unit 31 receives data D1 of the pulverized coal supply amount input from the pulverized coal supply amount sensor 32 provided in the pulverized coal supply line 16, and the slag generation amount sensor 33 provided in the slag recovery hopper 24
- the ash content supply device 20 is controlled based on the data D2 of the amount of generated slag and the various operation data D3 of the coal gasifier 2 input from the operation monitoring sensor 34, and the amount of generated slag corresponds to the total input amount of pulverized coal.
- the ash content supply device 20 is controlled so as to achieve a target slag production amount of a predetermined ratio with respect to that. And it controls so that it discards without supplying the coal gasification furnace 2 about the slag produced
- the target slag formation amount is set to about 2 to 10% by weight, preferably about 2 to 4%.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the change in the amount of production of slag with respect to the amount of input of pulverized coal in weight ratio.
- the amount of slag produced that is, the weight ratio of the slag discharged from the coal gasification furnace 2 to the total amount of pulverized coal fed is zero. %.
- the production amount of slag increases as operating time increases.
- the control unit 31 controls the ash supply device 20 to feed a large amount of slag into the coal gasifier 2 until time t1 at which the amount of generated slag reaches the target amount of generated slag A (for example, 3% by weight). After t1 when the target slag formation amount A is reached, the slag is introduced to such an extent that it can be maintained.
- ash content such as slag and fly ash obtained from another combustion system 28 is taken into the ash supply device 20 by the control unit 31 or artificially introduced into the coal gasifier 2.
- the solid slag which is the ash content after the reaction of the pulverized coal in the coal gasification furnace 2 is pulverized by the ash content supply device 20 and It is reinjected to the inside.
- the gasifying agent air or oxygen
- the pulverized ash is charged into the coal gasification furnace 2, so that the total ash content after the reaction of the pulverized coal
- the increased molten slag S adheres to the inner wall of the combustor 4 of the coal gasifier 2 which has a high temperature, and functions as a heat resistant material of the combustor 4.
- the amount of small ash is compensated by the pulverized slag input from the ash supply device 20, and the total amount of ash, ie, the inside of the combustor 4
- the heat resistance of the combustor 4 can be improved by increasing the amount of the molten slag S that is melted and adheres to the inner wall surface of the combustor 4. Therefore, even low-ash pulverized coal or other types of carbonaceous solid fuels can be stably gasified, thereby increasing the types of applicable carbonaceous solid fuels. .
- the ash supply device 20 uses, as the ash to be introduced into the coal gasifier 2, the slag generated and discharged when the pulverized coal supplied into the coal gasifier 2 is gasified. Therefore, the same type of slag as the pulverized coal slag that is reacting inside the coal gasifier 2 is re-injected into the coal gasifier 2. Therefore, reaction conditions inside the coal gasifier 2 are unlikely to change due to the reinjection of slag.
- the reaction conditions inside the coal gasifier 2 do not change as described above, the flow state of the molten slag S adhering to the inner wall surface of the combustor 4 does not change. For this reason, the operation
- the ash supply device 20 is configured to be able to supply the ash generated by the other combustion system 28 as the ash to be introduced into the coal gasification furnace 2, and causes the reaction inside the coal gasification furnace 2.
- Both the pulverized coal slag and the ash generated by the other combustion system 28 are configured to be able to be introduced into the coal gasifier 2. For this reason, even when it is difficult to cause the molten slag to adhere to the inner wall surface of the combustor 4 as when the operation of the coal gasifier 2 starts and when the ash content of pulverized coal and other carbonaceous solid fuel is extremely small By charging the ash generated by the other combustion system 28 into the coal gasifier 2, the shortage of molten slag can be compensated. Therefore, stable gasification can be performed continuously.
- Pulverized slag supplied from the ash supply unit 20 to the coal gasifier 2 is supplied from the ash supply line 21 to the pulverized coal supply line 16 and pulverized powder supplied from the pulverized coal supply unit 15 inside the pulverized coal supply line 16 It is mixed with the coal and re-introduced into the coal gasifier 2 together with the pulverized coal. For this reason, as an injection part which injects an ash content into the coal gasification furnace 2, the insertion part (pulverized coal supply line 16) of the pulverized coal conventionally provided in the coal gasification furnace 2 can be shared. Therefore, the heat content of the combustor 4 can be improved by increasing the amount of the molten slag S by making it possible to introduce the ash content without modifying the existing coal gasifier or other types of gasifiers. .
- the ash content supply device 20 is controlled by the control unit 31 to operate, and as shown in FIG. 2, the amount of slag generated from the coal gasifier 2 corresponds to the total input amount of pulverized coal, as shown in FIG.
- the ash content supply device 20 is controlled so that the target slag formation amount A of the predetermined ratio is obtained, and the slag generated above the target slag formation amount A is discarded without being input to the coal gasifier 2. Control. For this reason, the amount of slag generated from the coal gasifier 2 always has a value close to the target slag formation amount A.
- the molten slag S of the optimal amount can always be made to adhere to the inner wall of the combustor 4, the heat resistance of the inner wall surface of the combustor 4 can be improved, and stable gasification can be performed.
- the amount of slag input to the coal gasification furnace 2 is kept to the minimum necessary to prevent a large amount of ash from being mixed with the generated combustible gas, and the separation of the combustible gas and the ash is facilitated. be able to.
- the present invention is not limited to only the configuration of the above embodiment, and modifications and improvements can be made as appropriate without departing from the scope of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements can be made.
- the form is also included in the scope of the present invention.
- the above embodiment is configured to re-feed the slag into the coal gasification furnace 2
- the present invention is not limited to the gasification furnace for gasifying other kinds of carbonaceous solid fuels, such as petroleum coke and biomass fuel. May apply.
Abstract
Description
一方、ガス化炉で生成されるスラグ(石炭灰の灰分が、高温のガス化炉で溶け、ガス化炉下部の水中に流れ落ちて急冷されることでガラス状に固まり、粒状で排出されたもの)については、いずれもそのまま外部に排出されて適宜処理されている。
即ち、本発明に係るガス化システムの第1の態様は、炭素質固体燃料をガス化剤と共に炉内で反応させて前記炭素質固体燃料から可燃性ガスを生成するガス化炉と、前記炭素質固体燃料を微粉状にして前記ガス化炉に投入する固体燃料供給手段(微粉炭供給装置)と、炭素質原料の灰分を前記ガス化炉の内部に投入する灰分供給手段(灰分供給装置)と、を備えてなる。
しかも、コンバスタ内においては、炭素質固体燃料の投入部以外に、灰分の投入部が別途開口することがない。したがって、ここから灰分を搬送するための空気やガスがコンバスタ内に流入することもなく、コンバスタの内部温度が低下してしまう不具合もない。このため、コンバスタ内における灰分の流動特性が従来と変わることがなく、これにより安定的なガス化が可能になる。
例えば、上記実施形態では石炭ガス化炉2にスラグを再投入するように構成されているが、他の種の炭素質固体燃料、例えば石油コークスやバイオマス燃料をガス化するガス化炉に本発明を適用してもよい。
2 石炭ガス化炉(ガス化炉)
4 コンバスタ
11 空気供給ライン
12 空気供給装置
15 微粉炭供給装置(固体燃料供給手段)
20 灰分供給装置(灰分供給手段)
24 スラグ回収ホッパ
28 他の燃焼システム
31 制御部
38 ガス導出ライン
44 ガスタービン装置
A 目標スラグ生成量(目標灰分生成量)
S 溶融スラグ
Claims (9)
- 炭素質固体燃料をガス化剤と共に炉内で反応させて前記炭素質固体燃料から可燃性ガスを生成するガス化炉と、
前記炭素質固体燃料を微粉状にして前記ガス化炉に投入する固体燃料供給手段と、
炭素質原料の灰分を前記ガス化炉の内部に投入する灰分供給手段と、
を備えてなるガス化システム。 - 前記灰分供給手段は、前記灰分として、前記ガス化炉内にて前記炭素質固体燃料がガス化される際に生成されて排出される灰分を前記ガス化炉内に再投入するように構成されている請求項1に記載のガス化システム。
- 前記灰分供給手段は、前記灰分として、他の燃焼システムにて生成された灰分を前記ガス化炉に投入するように構成されている請求項1に記載のガス化システム。
- 前記灰分供給手段は、前記灰分として、前記ガス化炉内にて前記炭素質固体燃料がガス化される際に生成されて排出される灰分と、他の燃焼システムにて生成された灰分との両方を前記ガス化炉に投入可能に構成されている請求項1に記載のガス化システム。
- 前記ガス化炉に投入される前記灰分は、前記炭素質固体燃料の投入量に対して重量比で2~50%である請求項4に記載のガス化システム。
- 前記灰分供給手段は、前記灰分を微粉状にして前記炭素質固体燃料と一緒に前記ガス化炉の内部に再投入するように構成されている請求項1から5のいずれかに記載のガス化システム。
- 前記灰分供給手段は制御部に制御されて作動し、該制御部は、前記石炭ガス化炉から生成される前記灰分の量が、前記炭素質固体燃料の投入量に対して所定の比率の目標灰分生成量となるように前記灰分供給手段を制御し、前記目標灰分生成量を上回って生成される灰分については前記ガス化炉に投入せずに廃棄する請求項1から6のいずれかに記載のガス化システム。
- 前記目標灰分生成量は、前記炭素質固体燃料の投入量に対して重量比で約2~10%である請求項7に記載のガス化システム。
- 前記灰分は前記炭素質固体燃料が前記ガス化炉内で反応した後のスラグである請求項1から8のいずれかに記載のガス化システム。
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US14/235,618 US20140173983A1 (en) | 2011-10-24 | 2012-10-02 | Gasification system |
JP2013540704A JP5774117B2 (ja) | 2011-10-24 | 2012-10-02 | ガス化システム |
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CN110567261A (zh) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-12-13 | 河南心连心化学工业集团股份有限公司 | 一种四喷嘴水煤气式气流床的气化灰渣烘干装置及方法 |
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KR101966544B1 (ko) * | 2017-09-25 | 2019-04-05 | 한국서부발전 주식회사 | 선택적 분배현상에 기초한 분류층 석탄 가스화기 슬래그 조성 예측 방법 |
BR112020007743B1 (pt) * | 2017-10-19 | 2023-11-21 | Phakorn Kosonsittiwit | Aparato para produção e combustão de gás combustível |
CN108753368B (zh) * | 2018-07-31 | 2024-03-05 | 安徽科达洁能股份有限公司 | 一种循环流化床煤气化系统及方法 |
EP3726202B1 (de) * | 2019-04-15 | 2022-12-21 | L'air Liquide, Société Anonyme Pour L'Étude Et L'exploitation Des Procédés Georges Claude | Verfahren zur online-steuerung eines schlacke bildenden vergasungsprozesses und anlage für einen vergasungsprozess |
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- 2012-10-02 CN CN201280037752.4A patent/CN103717714A/zh active Pending
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- 2012-10-02 US US14/235,618 patent/US20140173983A1/en not_active Abandoned
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JPH0959654A (ja) * | 1995-08-25 | 1997-03-04 | Ube Ind Ltd | ガス化用装置 |
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CN110567261A (zh) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-12-13 | 河南心连心化学工业集团股份有限公司 | 一种四喷嘴水煤气式气流床的气化灰渣烘干装置及方法 |
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CN103717714A (zh) | 2014-04-09 |
JPWO2013061736A1 (ja) | 2015-04-02 |
US20140173983A1 (en) | 2014-06-26 |
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