WO2013053074A1 - 一种高效表达β-甘露聚糖酶的枯草芽孢杆菌及其酶产品和生产方法 - Google Patents

一种高效表达β-甘露聚糖酶的枯草芽孢杆菌及其酶产品和生产方法 Download PDF

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WO2013053074A1
WO2013053074A1 PCT/CN2011/001689 CN2011001689W WO2013053074A1 WO 2013053074 A1 WO2013053074 A1 WO 2013053074A1 CN 2011001689 W CN2011001689 W CN 2011001689W WO 2013053074 A1 WO2013053074 A1 WO 2013053074A1
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enzyme
fermentation
mannanase
tqbm
medium
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PCT/CN2011/001689
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French (fr)
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黄代勇
钱金宏
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Huang Daiyong
Qian Jimhowell
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    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/20Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N15/00Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
    • C12N15/01Preparation of mutants without inserting foreign genetic material therein; Screening processes therefor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N9/00Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
    • C12N9/14Hydrolases (3)
    • C12N9/24Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2)
    • C12N9/2402Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2) hydrolysing O- and S- glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
    • C12N9/2477Hemicellulases not provided in a preceding group
    • C12N9/2488Mannanases
    • C12N9/2494Mannan endo-1,4-beta-mannosidase (3.2.1.78), i.e. endo-beta-mannanase
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    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12YENZYMES
    • C12Y302/00Hydrolases acting on glycosyl compounds, i.e. glycosylases (3.2)
    • C12Y302/01Glycosidases, i.e. enzymes hydrolysing O- and S-glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
    • C12Y302/01078Mannan endo-1,4-beta-mannosidase (3.2.1.78), i.e. endo-beta-mannanase

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  • the present invention relates to a microbial fermentation technique and an enzyme engineering technique, and more particularly to a Bacillus sp. which efficiently expresses a ⁇ -mannanase, an enzyme product thereof and a production method thereof
  • ⁇ -mannanase is a type of endohydrolase capable of hydrolyzing mannan containing ⁇ -glucosidic bond and ⁇ -mannosidic bond.
  • Mannan is mainly found in konjac gum, guar gum, and locust bean gum.
  • Tianjing gum the main components are glucomannan and galactomannan, which constitute the second largest component of plant hemicellulose.
  • the enzyme product that hydrolyzes mannan in these plants is ⁇ -mannose poly Carbohydrase.
  • the object of the present invention is to utilize TQK strain by UV (ultraviolet mutagenesis), NTG (nitrosomuscular mutagenesis), microwave Mutagenesis 3 methods repeated 2 times of compound mutagenesis, induced the cultivation of Bacillus sp.
  • TQBm strain capable of efficiently expressing mannanase, and the production method of fermentatively producing high-efficiency ⁇ -mannanase product, thereby being efficient and economical Transformation to produce mannose oligosaccharides.
  • the present invention relates to Bacillus licheniformis TQBm, which has the property of highly expressing hemicellulase.
  • the strain was deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection on September 14, 2011, and the accession number is CCTCC No: M 211147. (hereinafter referred to as TQBm).
  • a, morphological characteristics a single cell 0.7 ⁇ 0. 8 X2 ⁇ 3 micron, uniform coloration. No capsule, Zhousheng flagella, can exercise. Gram-positive bacteria, spores 0. 6 ⁇ 0. 9X 1. 0 ⁇ 1. 5 microns, elliptical to columnar, located in the center of the bacteria or slightly biased, the cells do not expand after the formation of spores.
  • Physiological and biochemical characteristics The surface of the colony is rough and opaque, stained white or yellowish, and when grown in liquid medium, it forms wrinkle ether; aerobic bacteria; protein, various sugars and starch can be utilized.
  • the production of hemicellulase under the induction of hemicellulose plays a key role in the production of oligomannose. Widely distributed in soil and spoiled organic matter, it is easy to breed in submerged juice.
  • the present invention has been achieved in this way.
  • the TQK strain obtained from the China Center for Type Culture Collection (Accession No. CTCCC No: M 207129) is the starting bacteria.
  • UV (ultraviolet mutagenesis) is used first.
  • the conditions are: UV lamp power 15 ⁇ 30w, irradiation distance 20 ⁇ 50cm, Irradiation time l ⁇ 8min; then using NTG (nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis), the condition is: NTG concentration l ⁇ 3mg/ml, in the pH 6.0 buffer solution, 90 ⁇ 120min; finally using microwave mutagenesis,
  • the conditions are: household microwave oven, 2450MHz, minimum power 80w, maximum power 800w, petri dish uncovered, fast ice cooling, the best processing time is 50s.
  • the strain is inoculated in a Congo red plate medium containing 0.1 to 0.5%, 30 to 35 'C, and induced to culture for 24 to 48 hours. , visible transparent hydrolysis ring.
  • the formula of the medium is in terms of mass percentage: agar 1. 5 ⁇ 2. 5%, konjac zygolysin ⁇ saccharide 108 ⁇ 1. 5 ⁇ 5. 0%, (or guar gum hydrolysate ⁇ sugar 10Bx> 5 ⁇ 2%, NaCl 0. 1 ⁇ 0.
  • a strain having a large hydrolyzed circle diameter H/C colony diameter ratio was selected, and the flask was rescreened, and the enzyme activity was measured by a DNS method.
  • the excellent strains were selected for stable passage for 3 generations, and finally the high-yield hemicellulase slant strain was obtained.
  • the strain was named TQBm and stored in a refrigerator at 4 °C. It is also deposited with the China Type Culture Collection, and the deposit number is CCTCC No: M 211147 (TQBm for short).
  • the fermentation production process includes the following steps -
  • First-stage liquid culture that is, from the inclined surface to the 500ml flask, the inoculum is a ring of TQBm, and it is in the liquid culture at 30 ⁇ 35:, 200 ⁇ 300r/min, pH6.5 ⁇ 7.5.
  • the medium is incubated for 12 to 24 hours.
  • the medium formula is based on the mass percentage: konjac gelatinase ⁇ sugar 10Bx>2.5 ⁇ 5.0%, (or guar gum hydrolysate ⁇ sugar 10Bx>1.5 ⁇ 5.0%), tryptone 0.5 ⁇ 2%, yeast dip Powder 0.5 ⁇ 2%, Na 2 HP0 4 - 12H 2 0 1 ⁇ 3%, KH 2 PO 4 0.1 ⁇ 0.5%, NaCl 0.2-0. 5%, NH4CI 0.2 ⁇ 0.5, soybean meal 1 ⁇ 5%, corn residue 1 to 5%, the rest is water, add water to 500ml.
  • pure oxygen is added to form oxygen-enriched air to ensure the dissolved oxygen concentration of the fermentation liquid is 30% ⁇ 80% .
  • the activity of the enzyme solution is determined by the DNS method, and the average enzyme activity reaches 2000 ⁇ /ml.
  • the inorganic salt composite component is Na 2 HP0 4 * 12H 2 0 1 ⁇ 3%, KH 2 P0 4 0.1 ⁇ 0.5%, NaCl 0.2-0. 5 %, NH4CI 0.2-0.5;
  • the best formula konjac gelatinase ⁇ glucose 10Bx>10.0%, inorganic salt compound 2.5%, yeast extract 1.0%, tryptone 1.0%, corn slag 3%; optimal culture conditions: 35 ⁇ C, 400r/ Min, pH7.0; optimal culture for 22 hours; compressed air is supplied, and pure oxygen is added during the vigorous fermentation to form oxygen-enriched air to ensure the dissolved oxygen concentration of the fermentation liquid is 65%.
  • the carbon source in the medium formula is guar gum hydrolysate ⁇ sugar 10Bx>5 ⁇ 15%
  • other conditions are the same as in step 2.
  • the activity of the enzyme solution is determined by the DNS method, and the average enzyme activity is reached. 1350 ⁇ / ⁇ 1.
  • the medium residue and a part of the bacteria in the fermentation broth were removed at 6000 rpm using a large-capacity low-temperature high-speed centrifuge.
  • the crude filtrate was purified by a microfiltration membrane of ⁇ . ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ to further remove the remaining micro-organisms, and then treated with 6000D ultrafiltration membrane to concentrate and remove some water and inorganic salts, and the enzyme yield was 85%. .
  • ⁇ -mannanase is stored at a low temperature of 0 to 4 °C.
  • the invention adopts the compound mutagenesis technology of UV+NTG+microwave mutagenesis, and repeats the mutagenesis twice in the same order, and the synergistic effect of the compound mutagenesis is greatly enhanced, and the effect of the two compound mutagenesis techniques is improved by 33%. Screen out the new TQBm
  • the strain can efficiently express ⁇ -mannanase, and the method is simple and efficient.
  • the new carbon source is used as an enzyme-producing inducer to increase the efficiency of enzyme action.
  • the carbon source in the fermentation process of the invention adopts the enzymatic hydrolysate of konjac gum and guar gum (sweetness ⁇ , viscosity 260 ⁇ 280 raPa.s, estimated molecular weight: 8,000 ⁇ 20,000) instead of polymer konjac gum. Inducing enzyme production with guar gum separately reduces the viscosity of the medium, allowing the strain to more fully absorb the carbon nutrients.
  • the structure of the enzyme molecule has also undergone beneficial changes, greatly improving the efficiency of the enzyme action, especially increasing the substrate concentration: when the enzyme acts on konjac gum, the substrate The concentration can reach 15 ⁇ 20% of the record, 1ml enzyme solution can convert 30g konjac gum, can reduce the energy consumption by 10 ⁇ 15% ; while the enzyme acts on guar gum, the substrate concentration can reach 10 ⁇ 15%, 1ml enzyme The conversion of 15g of guar gum into liquid can reduce the energy consumption by 15 ⁇ 20%, which makes it possible for the first time in the world to produce industrial scale production of enzymatic guar gum, which is much higher than the current research level.
  • the carbon nutrient in the medium is a relatively small molecule of sugar substance
  • the enzyme production rate of the strain is increased by 8 to 10%, and after the refined enzyme liquid purification operation, the enzyme yield can reach 85%, and the technical economy The effect is remarkable.
  • Example 1 Breeding of a TQBm strain highly expressing ⁇ -mannanase.
  • the TQK strain (Catalog No. CTCC No: M 207129) obtained from the collection of the China National Culture Collection is the starting bacteria, and UV (ultraviolet mutagenesis) is used first.
  • the conditions are: UV lamp power 15 ⁇ 30w, irradiation distance 20 ⁇ 50cm , irradiation time l ⁇ 8min; and then use NTG (nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis), the condition is: NTG concentration l ⁇ 3mg/ml, in the pH of 0.60 tris buffer, treatment for 90 ⁇ 120min; finally using microwave mutagenesis
  • the conditions are: household microwave oven, 2450 Hz, minimum power 80w, maximum power 800w, culture dish without cover, fast ice cooling, the best processing time is 50s.
  • the strain was inoculated in a Congo red plate medium containing 0. 1 ⁇ 0. 5%, 30 ⁇ 35'C, induced culture for 24 to 48 hours. , visible transparent hydrolysis ring.
  • the formula of the medium is in terms of mass percentage: agar 1. 5 ⁇ 2. 5%, konjac gelatinase ⁇ Sugar ⁇ . 5 ⁇ 5. 0%, guar gum hydrolysate ⁇ Sugar ⁇ . 5 ⁇ 5. 0%, Congo red 0. 5 ⁇ 2%, yeast 0. 1 ⁇ 0. 5%, Congo red 0. 5%, Conformation of domesticated and effective induction of the strain, tryptone ⁇ 0. 5 ⁇ 2%, yeast extract powder 0. 5 ⁇ 2%, NaCl 0. 1 ⁇ 0. 5%, Congo red 0. 1 to 0. 5%.
  • a strain having a large hydrolyzed circle diameter H/C colony diameter ratio was selected, and the flask was rescreened, and the enzyme activity was measured by a DNS method.
  • Average Enzyme Activity The carbon source used in the medium formulation reached 1600 ⁇ / ⁇ 1 with konjac mash, and the carbon source used in the medium formulation reached 950 u /ml with guar gum.
  • Example 2 Fermentation to produce ⁇ -mannanase - for enzymatic hydrolysis of konjac gum
  • the DNS method detects the enzyme activity of the fermentation broth. At 30 ⁇ 35 ° C, 200 ⁇ 300r/min, pPH6.5 ⁇ 7. 5, the enzyme activity can reach 2000 ⁇ /ml.
  • Example 3 Fermentation production ⁇ -mannan 81 for enzymatic hydrolysis of guar gum
  • the guar gum gelatinization solution is used to inoculate the TQBm strain (the deposit number is CCTCC No: M2011147) in the yeast-containing powder 1. 0%, tryptone 1. 0%, sodium chloride 0.5%, guar gum (Sugar ⁇ ) 5. 0%, agar 2. 0% of the flat medium, cultured at 33 ° C for 24 hours.
  • the DNS method is used to detect the enzyme activity of the fermentation broth. At 30 ⁇ 35 ° C, 200 ⁇ 300r/min, pPH6.5 ⁇ 7. 5, the enzyme activity can reach 1350 ⁇ /ml.
  • This enzyme solution is specially used for enzymatic hydrolysis of guar gum, called enzymatic guar. Bean gum special enzyme solution BM ⁇ II. This BM--II enzyme solution can also efficiently hydrolyze locust bean gum and celery gum.
  • the activity of the enzyme solution was determined by the DNS method.
  • DNS method to measure enzyme activity 0.5% konjac gum or guar gum as a substrate, 50 ⁇ water bath insulation reaction lOmi added DNS reagent, boiling water bath color lOmin, diluted with pure water to 25ml. Colorimetry was performed at 520 nm using a 721 spectrophotometer. The corresponding reducing sugar content was determined by measuring the OD value, and the enzyme activity was calculated by using the enzyme activity formula.
  • the enzyme activity is defined as: The enzyme amount required to produce ⁇ equivalent to D_mannose reducing sugar per minute at 50 ° C and pH 6.0 is an enzyme activity unit.
  • Formula X Axlml/VxFx 1/ ⁇ 1000/180
  • Degradation and viscosity measurement method In the process of enzyme production, another method for checking the quality of the enzyme solution is: 1ml enzyme solution, 10 ⁇ 20g hemicellulose at 50°C, pH7.0 (substrate concentration 10 ⁇ 20) %) The time required for degradation into oligomannose is 2 to 4 hours, and the viscosity of the degradation solution is 60 to 120 mPa ⁇ s. This method is closely related to production practices.

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Abstract

本发明提出了一种以枯草芽孢杆菌TQK为出发菌,采用UV+NTG+微波诱变3种方法重复使用2次的复合诱变技术,诱导培养能高效表达β-甘露聚糖酶的枯草芽孢杆菌TQBm菌株,其保藏号为CCTCCNo:M 211147,用该TQBm菌株发酵生产高效能β-甘露聚糖酶及酶产品ΒΜ--I、ΒΜ--ΙΙ。在优化产酶条件下可发酵得到平均酶活力为1000〜2000μ/ml的高效能β-甘露聚糖酶,1ml酶液可转化10〜20g甘露聚糖,底物浓度可达到10〜20%。通过本发明培养出的TQBm菌株产酶量大,酶活力高,使用该酶产品能高效经济地水解魔芋、瓜尔豆、槐豆、田菁等植物中的甘露聚糖,生产甘露低聚糖。

Description

说 明 书
一种高效表达 β -甘露聚糖酶的枯草芽孢杆菌及其酶产品和生产方法 技术领域
本发明涉及微生物发酵技术和酶工程技术, 更确切说是一种高效表达 β -甘露聚糖酶的 芽孢杆菌及其酶产品和生产方法 背景技术
β -甘露聚糖酶是一类能够水解含有 β -葡萄糖苷键和 β -甘露糖苷键的甘露聚糖的内切 水解酶, 甘露聚糖主要存在于魔芋胶、 瓜尔豆胶、 槐豆胶、 田菁胶中, 主要成分是葡甘露聚 糖和半乳甘露聚糖等, 它们构成了植物半纤维素的第二大组分, 水解这些植物中甘露聚糖的 酶产品就是 β -甘露聚糖酶。
自上世纪 80年代 Akio. T等美国科学家首次发表甘露聚糖酶的研究成果以来(Akino T, Nakmura N, Horkoshi K.et al. Characterization of three β-mannanase of an alkalophilic Bacillus sp.[J].Agric Biol Chem. 1988. 52 (3)773-779) , 甘露聚糖酶及其酶法制取低聚糖的研究就引起 人们极大的关注。 最近的报道是, 李剑芳等 ( β -甘露聚糖酶高产菌株选育及产酶条件的研 究,食品与发酵工业,第 31卷第 9期. 2005), 张敏等(野皂荚多糖胶制备半乳甘露低聚糖的研 究, 食品工业斜技, Yol. 29, No. 09, 2008), 王玲玲等(酶解法制备低相对分子质量胡芦巴半 乳甘露聚糖及其产物的表征, 林产化学与工业, 第 29卷第 2期, Apr. 2009), 吴长菲等(魔芋 葡甘露低聚糖的酶法制备工艺的初步研究, 生物技术通报 2010年卷 01期)。 还有相关专利 文献: CN 1766098 A,2006.5.3;CN 1739949 A,2006.6.28; CN 100516196 C, 2007.7.22。
在上述的一些研究中, 或是存在酶活力不高, 底物浓度低, 成本高, 缺乏工业生产的基 础(对半乳甘露聚糖而言尤其如此); 或是水解过程中加碱、加酸, 给后处理工艺带来困难, 还不利于环保。 因此, 水解魔芋胶和瓜尔豆胶中甘露聚糖的 甘露聚糖酶的制取方法仍然 面临很多技术难题。 而这也是本发明创新技术的起点。 发明内容
本发明的目的是利用 TQK菌株, 通过 UV (紫外线诱变)、 NTG (亚硝基肌诱变)、 微波 诱变 3种方法重复使用 2次的复合诱变, 诱导培养能高效表达 甘露聚糖酶的芽孢杆菌 TQBm菌株, 及其发酵生产高效能 β -甘露聚糖酶产品的生产方法, 从而能高效经济地转化生 产甘露低聚糖。
使用的微生物: 本发明涉及的芽抱杆菌 TQBm, 它具有高效表达半纤维素酶的特性, 该 菌株于 2011 年 9 月 14 日在中国典型培养物保藏中心保藏, 保藏号为 CCTCC No: M 211147 (以下简称 TQBm)。
芽孢杆菌 TQBm菌株的菌学特性:
a、形态特征: 单个细胞 0.7〜0. 8 X2〜3 微米、着色均匀。无荚膜, 周生鞭毛, 能运动。 革兰氏阳性菌, 芽孢 0. 6〜0. 9X 1. 0〜1. 5微米, 椭圆到柱状, 位于菌体中央或稍偏, 芽孢 形成后菌体不膨大。
b、 生理生化特征: 菌落表面粗糙不透明, 污白色或微黄色、 在液体培养基中生长时, 形成皱醚; 需氧菌; 可利用蛋白质、 多种糖及淀粉。 在半纤维素的诱导下产生半纤维素酶, 在低聚甘露糖的生产上起到关键作用。 广泛分布在土壤及腐败的有机物中, 易在枯草浸汁中 繁殖。
本发明是这样实现的。从中国典型培养物保藏中心取得的 TQK菌株 (保藏号为 CCTCC No: M 207129)为出发菌, 先采用 UV (紫外线诱变), 条件是: 紫外灯功率 15〜30w, 照射距 离 20〜50cm,照射时间 l〜8min;再采用 NTG (亚硝基胍诱变),条件是: NTG浓度 l〜3mg/ml, 在 PH6. 0的 tris缓冲液中, 处理 90〜120min; 最后采用微波诱变, 条件是: 家用微波炉, 2450MHz,最小功率 80w,最大功率 800w,培养皿不加盖、快速冰上冷却,最佳处理时间为 50s。 按上述 3种复合诱变方法及顺序重复使用 2次后, 将菌种接种在含有 0. 1〜0. 5%的刚果红平板 培养基中, 30〜35'C, 诱导培养 24〜48小时, 可见透明水解圈。 培养基配方按质量百分比计 为: 琼脂1. 5〜2. 5%, 魔芋胶酶解物<糖度108^1. 5〜5. 0%, (或者瓜尔豆胶酶解物〈糖度 10Bx>1. 5〜5. 0%,) 以此对菌种进行适应性驯化和有效诱导, 胰蛋白胨 0. 5〜2 %, 酵母浸粉 0. 5〜2%, NaCl 0. 1〜0. 5%, 刚果红 0. 1〜0. 5%。
选取水解圈直径 H/C菌落直径比值大的菌株, 进行摇瓶复筛, 通过 DNS法测定酶活。 平均酶活力: 培养基配方中碳源用魔芋胶酶解物的达到 1600 μ /πι1, 培养基配方中碳源用瓜 尔豆胶酶解物的达到 950 μ /ml。
选取优良菌株进行稳定传代 3代, 最后得到高产半纤维素酶斜面菌株。 将该菌株命名为 TQBm, 于 4°C冰箱中保存。 并送中国典型培养物保藏中心保藏, 保藏号为 CCTCC No: M 211147 (简称 TQBm)。 发酵产酶工艺包括如下步骤-
1、 一级液体培养: 即从斜面到 500ml三角瓶的放大培养, 接种量为 TQBm斜面菌一 环,在 30〜35 :, 200~300r/min, pH6.5〜7.5条件下,在液体培养基中培养 12〜 24小时。 培养基配方按质量百分比计: 魔芋胶酶解物 <糖度 10Bx>2.5〜5.0%, (或者瓜尔豆胶酶解物< 糖度 10Bx>1.5〜5.0%), 胰蛋白胨 0.5〜2%, 酵母浸粉 0.5〜2%, Na2HP04- 12H20 1〜3%, KH2PO40.1〜0.5%, NaCl 0.2-0. 5% , NH4CI 0.2〜0.5, 豆粕粉 1〜5%, 玉米渣 1〜5%, 其 余为水, 加水至 500ml。
2、 7L小罐发酵产酶(专用于酶解魔芋胶)
以 2〜5%的接种量接种,培养条件: 35〜37 'C, 300〜500r/min, pH6.5〜7.5,培养 18〜 24小时, 培养基配方为魔芋胶酶解物 <糖度 10Bx>5〜15%, 无机盐复合成份 1.5〜3. 5 %, 胰 蛋白胨 0.5〜2%, 酵母浸粉 0.5〜2%, 豆粕粉 1〜5%, 玉米渣 1〜5%。发酵旺盛时补加纯氧, 组成富氧空气, 保证发酵液溶氧浓度为 30%〜80%; 培养结束后, DNS法测定酶液的活力, 平均酶活力达到 2000 μ /ml。
所述无机盐复合成份为 Na2HP04* 12H20 1〜3%、 KH2P040.1〜0.5%、 NaCl 0.2-0. 5 %、 NH4CI 0.2-0.5;
最佳配方:魔芋胶酶解物<糖度 10Bx>10.0%, 无机盐复合成份 2.5%, 酵母浸粉 1.0%, 胰 蛋白胨 1.0%, 玉米渣 3%; 最佳培养条件: 35士 C, 400r/min, pH7.0; 最佳培养 22小时; 通入压缩空气, 发酵旺盛时补加纯氧, 组成富氧空气, 保证发酵液溶氧浓度为 65%。
3、 7L小罐发酵产酶(专用于酶解瓜尔豆胶)
除培养基配方中的碳源为瓜尔豆胶酶解物 <糖度 10Bx>5〜15%外, 其它条件与第 2步相 同, 培养结束后, DNS法测定酶液的活力, 平均酶活力达到 1350 μ /πι1。
4、 酶的纯化
发酵完成后, 用大容量低温高速离心机以 6000r/min将发酵液中培养基残余物及部分菌 体除去。 用 Ο.ΐ μ π 的微滤膜对粗滤液进行纯化处理, 进一步除去残存的微量菌体, 再用 6000D超滤膜进行处理, 浓缩除去部分水和无机盐类物质, 酶收得率 85%。
5、 β 甘露聚糖酶于低温 0〜4°C下贮存。
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下突出特点:
1、 三重复合诱变技术构建出高效产酶菌株
本发明采用 UV+ NTG+微波诱变的复合诱变技术, 并按相同顺序重复诱变 2次, 其复合 诱变的协同效应大大增强,比通常的 2种复合诱变技术的效果提高了 33%。筛选出新型的 TQBm 菌株, 可高效表达 β 甘露聚糖酶, 方法简便, 效率高。
2、 新碳源用作产酶诱导物提高了酶作用效率
本发明在发酵过程中的碳源分别采用魔芋胶和瓜尔豆胶的酶解物 (糖度 ΙΟΒχ,粘度 260〜 280 raPa. s, 估算分子量为 8,000〜20,000)代替高分子魔芋胶和瓜尔豆胶分别进行诱导产酶, 降低了培养基的粘度, 使菌种能够更充分吸收碳营养素。 尤其重要的是, 用较小分子的碳营 养素作有效诱导, 酶分子的结构也发生了有益变化, 大大提高酶作用的效率, 特别是提高了 底物浓度: 酶作用于魔芋胶时, 底物浓度可达到创记录的 15〜20%, 1ml酶液转化 30g魔芋 胶, 可降低能耗 10〜15%; 而酶作用于瓜尔豆胶时, 底物浓度可达到 10〜15%, 1ml酶液转 化 15g瓜尔豆胶, 可降低能耗 15〜20%, 从而在全球范围内首次使酶解瓜尔豆胶的工业规模 生产成为可能, 远远高于目前的研究水平。
3、 发酵产出的酶液收得率高
由于培养基中的碳营养素是用相对小分子的糖物质, 菌种发酵产酶率提高了 8〜10%, 再经精细化的酶液纯化操作, 酶收得率可达到 85%, 技术经济效果显著。 具体实施方式
下面结合实施例, 对本发明做进一步地详细说明。
实施例 1: 高效表达 β 甘露聚糖酶的 TQBm菌株选育。
从中国典型培养物保藏中心保藏取得的 TQK菌株(保藏号为 CCTCC No: M 207129) 为出发菌, 先采用 UV (紫外线诱变), 条件是: 紫外灯功率 15〜30w, 照射距离 20〜50cm, 照射时间 l〜8min; 再采用 NTG (亚硝基胍诱变), 条件是: NTG浓度 l〜3mg/ml, 在 pH6. 0 的 tris缓冲液中, 处理 90〜120min; 最后采用微波诱变, 条件是: 家用微波炉, 2450 Hz, 最小功率 80w, 最大功率 800w, 培养皿不加盖、 快速冰上冷却, 最佳处理时间为 50s。 按上 述 3种复合诱变方法及顺序重复使用 2次后,将菌种接种在含有 0. 1〜0. 5%的刚果红平板培 养基中, 30〜35'C, 诱导培养 24〜48小时, 可见透明水解圈。 培养基配方按质量百分比计 为:琼脂 1. 5〜2. 5%,魔芋胶酶解物〈糖度 ΙΟΒχΜ. 5〜5. 0%,瓜尔豆胶酶解物〈糖度 ΙΟΒχΜ. 5〜 5. 0%, 以此对菌种进行适应性驯化和有效诱导), 胰蛋白胨 0. 5〜2 %, 酵母浸粉 0. 5〜2%, NaCl 0. 1〜0. 5%, 刚果红 0. 1〜0. 5%。
选取水解圈直径 H/C菌落直径比值大的菌株, 进行摇瓶复筛, 通过 DNS法测定酶活。 平均酶活力: 培养基配方中碳源用魔芋胶嗨解物的达到 1600 μ /ιη1, 培养基配方中碳源用瓜 尔豆胶酶解物的达到 950 u /ml。 实施例 2: 发酵生产 β 甘露聚糖酶——用于酶解魔芋胶
( 1)将 TQBm菌株(保藏号为 CCTCC No: M2011147)用划线接种在含酵母浸粉 1. 5%, 胰蛋白胨 1. 5%, 氯化钠 0. 5 %, 魔芋胶酶解物(糖度 ΙΟΒχ) 5.0%, 琼脂 2. 0%的平面培养基 上, 33°C温度下培养 24小时后使用。
[0032] (2)—级液体培养:用 500ml的三角瓶装 150ml 含酵母浸粉 1. 5%,胰蛋白胨 1. 5%, 氯化钠 0. 5%, 魔芋胶酶解物(糖度 ΙΟΒχ) 10. 0%的液体培养基, 10磅灭菌 20分钟, 接种一 环, 34Γ 摇床上震荡(260r/min)培养 24小时。
(3)用 7升发酵罐装 5升含酵母浸粉, 胰蛋白陈, 魔芋胶酶解物(糖度 10Bx), 无机 盐复合成份, 豆粕粉、 玉米渣组成的液体培养基, 同上灭菌后接摇瓶种子 150ml于 35Ό 下 通气搅拌 18〜24小时出罐放料。
(4)低温离心分离酶液: 用大容量低温高速离心机以 6000r/min 的转速在 4 V 条件 下离心 15〜20分钟, 除去菌体等残存物, 取出上清液得本发明所说的酶液, 置 0〜4Ό低温 保存备用。 此酶液专用于酶解魔芋胶, 称为酶解魔芋胶专用酶液 ΒΜ~ Ι。
[0035] (5) DNS法检测发酵液酶活力。 在 30〜35°C, 200〜300r/min, pPH6.5〜 7. 5 条 件下, 酶活可达 2000 μ /ml ,
实施例 3: 发酵生产 β -甘露聚糖 81 用于酶解瓜尔豆胶
( 1)将 TQBm菌株(保藏号为 CCTCC No: M2011147)用划线接种在含酵母浸粉 1. 0%, 胰蛋白胨 1. 0%, 氯化钠 0. 5 %, 瓜尔豆胶酶解物(糖度 ΙΟΒχ) 5. 0%, 琼脂 2. 0%的平面培养 基上, 33'C温度下培养 24 小时后使用。
(2)—级液体培养:用 500ral的三角瓶装 150ml 含酵母浸粉 1. 5%,胰蛋白胨 1. 5%, 氯 化钠 0. 5%, 瓜尔豆胶酶解物(糖度 ΙΟΒχ) 10.0%的液体培养基, 10磅灭菌 20分钟, 接种一 环, 34Ό 摇床上震荡(260r/min)培养 24小时。
(3)用 7升发酵罐装 5升含酵母浸粉, 胰蛋白陈, 半纤维素之瓜尔豆胶, 无机盐复 合成份, 豆粕粉、玉米渣组成的液体培养基, 同上灭菌后接摇瓶种子 150ml于 35Ό下通气搅 拌 18〜24小时出罐放料。
(4)低温离心分离酶液: 用大容量低温高速离心机以 6000r/min的转速在 4 °C 条件下离 心 15〜20分钟, 除去菌体等残存物, 取出上清液得本发明所说的酶液, 置 0〜4'C低温保存 备用。
(5) DNS法检测发酵液酶活力。 在 30〜35°C, 200〜300r/min, pPH6.5〜7. 5 条件下, 酶活可达 1350 μ /ml, 此酶液专用于酶解瓜尔豆胶, 称为酶解瓜尔豆胶专用酶液 BM~ II。 此种 BM-- II酶液还可以高效酶解槐豆胶, 田菁胶。
酶活的测定, 采用 DNS法测定酶液的活力。
1、 DNS法测酶活: 以 0.5%魔芋胶或瓜尔豆胶为底物, 50Ό水浴保温反应 lOmi 加入 DNS试剂, 沸水浴中显色 lOmin, 用纯水稀释定容到 25ml。 用 721分光光度计, 在 520nm 处进行比色。 通过测定 OD值求出对应的还原糖含量, 再用酶活公式计算求出酶活力。 酶活 力定义为: 在 50°C、 pH6.0条样下, 每分钟生成 Ιμπιοΐ相当于 D_甘露糖(D - mannose) 的还原糖所需的酶量为一个酶活力单位。
2、 酶活计算公式为
公式 X = Axlml/VxFx 1/Τχ 1000/180
式中: X: 酶活力, nmol/ml, A: D—甘露糖生成量, mg
3、降解测粘法:酶生产过程中,检验酶液质量的另一方法是: 1ml酶液,于 50°C, pH7.0 左右,将 10〜20g半纤维素(底物浓度 10〜20%)降解成低聚甘露糖所需时间为 2〜4小时, 降解液粘度为 60〜120mPa. s。 该方法和生产实践联系密切。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种高效表达 甘露聚糖酶的枯草芽抱杆菌( Bacillus subtill ) TQBm, 其保藏 号为 CCTCC No: M 211147c
2、 一种 甘露聚糖酶酶的制取方法, 其特征在于是使用权利要求 1 所述的枯草芽孢 杆菌 TQBm按下述步骤发酵生产的:
a、 一级液体培养: 即从斜面到 500ml三角瓶的放大培养, 接种量为 TQBm斜面菌一 环,在 30〜35°C, 200~300r/min, pH6.5〜7.5条件下,在液体培养基中培养 12〜 24小时, 培养基配方按质量百分比计: 魔芋胶酶解物 <糖度 10Bx>2.5〜5.0%, 胰蛋白胨 0.5〜2%, 酵 母浸粉 0.5〜2%, Na2HP04- 12H20 1〜3%, KH2PO40.1〜0.5%, NaCl 0.2〜0. 5%, N¾C1 0.2〜 0.5, 豆粕粉 1〜5%, 玉米渣 1〜5%, 其余为水, 加水至 500ml;
b、 7L小罐发酵产酶: 以 2〜5%的接种量接种, 培养条件: 35〜37 V, 300〜500r/min, pH6.5〜7.5, 培养 18〜24小时, 培养基配方为魔芋胶酶解物 <糖度 10Bx>5〜15%, 无机盐复 合成份 1.5〜3. 5 %, 胰蛋白胨 0.5〜2%, 酵母浸粉 0.5〜2%, 豆粕粉 1〜5%, 玉米渣 1〜5%; 发酵旺盛时补加纯氧, 组成富氧空气, 保证发酵液溶氧浓度为 30%〜80%;
所述无机盐复合成份为 Na2HP04* 12H20 1〜3%、 KH2PO40.1〜0.5%、 NaCl 0.2〜0. 5%、 NH4CI 0.2—0.5;
c、 酶的纯化
发酵完成后, 用大容量低温高速离心机以 6000r/min将发酵液中培养基残余物及部分菌 体除去, 用 Ο.ΐ μ ιη 的微滤膜对粗滤液进行纯化处理, 进一步除去残存的微量菌体, 再用 6000D超滤膜进行处理, 浓缩除去部分水和无机盐类物质, 酶收得率 85% ;
d、 β -甘露聚糖酶于低温 0〜4°C下贮存; 此酶液称为酶解魔芋胶专用酶液 BM~ I。
3、根据权利要求 2所述的一种 甘露聚糖酶酶的制取方法, 其特征在于在 b)步骤中, 最佳配方:魔芋胶酶解物 <糖度 10Bx>10.0%, 无机盐复合成份 2.5%, 酶母浸粉 1.0%, 胰 蛋白胨 1.0%, 玉米渣 3%; 最佳培养条件: 35士 1°C, 400r/min, pH7.0; 最佳培养 22小时; 通入压缩空气, 发酵旺盛时补加纯氧, 组成富氧空气, 保证发酵液溶氧浓度为 65%;
所述无机盐复合成份为 Na2HPO 12H20 1〜3%、 KH2P040.1〜0.5%、 NaCl 0.2〜0. 5 %、 NH4C1 0.2-0.50
4、 一种 β -甘露聚糖嗨嗨的制取方法, 其特征在于是使用权利要求 1 所述的枯草芽孢 杆菌 TQBm按下述步骤发酵生产的: a、 一级液体培养: 即从斜面到 500ml三角瓶的放大培养, 接种量为 TQBm斜面菌一 环,在 30〜35°C, 200〜300r/min, pH6.5〜7.5条件下,在液体培养基中培养 12〜 24小时, 培养基配方按质量百分比计: 瓜尔豆胶酶解物<糖度 10Bx>2.5〜5.0%, 胰蛋白胨 0.5〜2%, 酵母浸粉 0.5〜2%, Na2HP04* 12H20 1〜3%, KH2PO40.1〜0.5%, NaCl 0.2〜0. 5%, N C1 0.2-0.5, 豆粕粉 1〜5%, 玉米渣 1〜5%, 其余为水, 加水至 500ml;
b、 7L小罐发酵产酶: 以 2〜5 %的接种量接种, 培养条件: 35〜37 °C , 300〜500r/min, pH6.5~7.5, 培养 18〜24小时, 培养基配方为瓜尔豆胶 81解物 <糖度 10Bx>5〜15%, 无机盐 复合成份 2.5〜3.5 %,胰蛋白胨 0.5〜2%,酵母浸粉 0.5〜2%,豆粕粉 1〜5%,玉米渣 1〜5%, 通入压缩空气, 发酵旺盛时补加纯氧, 组成富氧空气, 保证发酵液溶氧浓度为 30%〜80%; c、 酶的纯化
发酵完成后, 用大容量低温高速离心机以 6000r/min将发酵液中培养基残余物及部分菌 体除去, 用 Ο.ΐ μ πι 的微滤膜对粗滤液进行纯化处理, 进一步除去残存的微量菌体, 再用 6000D超滤膜进行处理, 浓縮除去部分水和无机盐类物质, 酶收得率 85% ;
d、 β 甘露聚糖酶于低温 0〜4'C下贮存; 此酶液称为酶解瓜尔豆胶专用酶液 B ~ II。
5、根据权利要求 4所述的一种 β -甘露聚糖酶酶的制取方法,其特征在于在 b)步骤中, 最佳配方: 瓜尔豆胶酶解物<糖度 10Bx>10.0%, 无机盐复合成份 2.5%, 酶母浸粉 1.0%, 胰蛋白胨 1.0%, 玉米渣 3%; 最佳培养条件: 35士 1°C, 400r/min, pH7.0; 最佳培养 22小 时; 通入压缩空气, 发酵旺盛时补加纯氧, 组成富氧空气, 保证发酵液溶氧浓度为 65%;
所述无机盐复合成份为 Na2HP04* 12¾0 1〜3%、 KH2PO40.1〜0.5%、 NaCl 0.2〜0. 5 %、 N C1 0.2-0.50
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