WO2013027779A1 - 厚肉電縫鋼管及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
厚肉電縫鋼管及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L13/00—Non-disconnectible pipe-joints, e.g. soldered, adhesive or caulked joints
- F16L13/02—Welded joints
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
- F16L9/02—Rigid pipes of metal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
- F16L9/17—Rigid pipes obtained by bending a sheet longitudinally and connecting the edges
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a thick-walled ERW steel pipe suitable for crude oil and natural gas transportation line pipes and a method for producing the same.
- Line pipes that transport crude oil and natural gas may be deformed by earthquakes or crustal movements. Since the buckling of the line pipe occurs at a site where deformation is concentrated, there is a correlation between the deformation performance and the shape of the steel pipe. ERW steel pipes with excellent dimensional accuracy have excellent buckling resistance.
- Yield ratio (YS / TS; hereinafter also referred to as “Y / T”) represented by the ratio of yield strength (YS) to tensile strength (TS) is an index of deformation performance. It is evaluated that the lower the Y / T, the greater the molding margin and the better the deformation performance.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a low Y / T steel pipe that can prevent buckling of a pipe when laying it against such a problem.
- Patent Documents 2 and 3 as a material of a low Y / T electric resistance welded steel pipe, a hot rolled steel sheet having a multi-phase structure composed of ferrite and a hard phase such as martensite, bainite, pearlite, and the like, and a method for producing the same Has been proposed.
- a steel pipe having a thick wall thickness (t) and a small outer diameter (D), that is, a steel pipe having a high wall thickness / outer diameter ratio (t / D) is used.
- a steel pipe having a thickness / outer diameter ratio of 4% or more is used for a steel pipe laid by bending and bending back deformation. Furthermore, when laying in a cold region, low temperature toughness is also required.
- the present invention bends by controlling the structure of a hot-rolled steel sheet to be a base steel sheet in order to suppress an increase in Y / T during pipe making of a thick-walled electric-welded steel pipe, It is an object of the present invention to provide an API X60-X70 grade thick-walled electric-welded steel pipe having a low Y / T that does not cause buckling due to bending back deformation and excellent in low-temperature toughness, and a method for manufacturing the same. .
- Conventional ERW steel pipes for line pipes usually add more than 0.03% of Nb in order to increase the strength, and the steel sheets are wound at around 600 ° C in the manufacturing process of the hot-rolled steel sheet. Fine Nb carbonitride is deposited. Nb fine precipitates contribute to an increase in yield strength, but do not change the subsequent work hardening behavior. Therefore, the conventional ERW steel pipe for line pipes has an increased yield strength compared to an increase in tensile strength, and as a result, Y / T has increased.
- the present inventors examined a method for controlling the hot-rolled structure according to the composition of the base steel sheet and the hot-rolling conditions in order to reduce the Y / T of the thick-walled electric-welded steel pipe.
- the content of Nb is less than that of the prior art, and further, the hot rolling conditions are optimized, and after the hot rolling, the precipitation of Nb carbonitride is suppressed by performing two-stage accelerated cooling, As a result, it was found that low Y / T can be secured.
- the hard phase contributing to the reduction in Y / T needs to be one or both of bainite and pearlite, which has a small effect on low-temperature toughness.
- the present invention has been made on the basis of the above findings, and the gist thereof is as follows.
- the metal structure of the base steel sheet contains 50-92% polygonal ferrite in area ratio, the
- Ceq [C] + [Mn] / 6 + ([Cr] + [Mo] + [V]) / 5 + ([Ni] + [Cu]) / 15 (Formula 1)
- [C], [Mn], [Cr], [Mo], [V], [Ni], and [Cu] are the contents of C, Mn, Cr, Mo, V, Ni, and Cu, respectively. [% By mass] and 0 if not contained.
- the steel slab is heated to 1050 to 1300 ° C. and subjected to hot rolling with a total finish rolling ratio of 35 to 90%. And-rolled steel sheet, and the primary cooling at a cooling rate of 5 ⁇ 20 °C / s from above the Ar 3 point to 630 ⁇ 720 ° C., subsequently, faster than the primary cooling, to secondary cooling in the following cooling rate 60 ° C. / s, 450 Winding at ⁇ 600 ° C, the wound steel sheet is formed into a tube with a wall thickness / outer diameter ratio of 4.0 to 7.0%, the butt surface is electro-welded, Ac A method for producing a thick-walled electric-welded steel pipe, which is heated to 3 to 1100 ° C. and then allowed to cool to room temperature, or water-cooled to 200 to 650 ° C. and then allowed to cool.
- Ceq [C] + [Mn] / 6 + ([Cr] + [Mo] + [V]) / 5 + ([Ni] + [Cu]) / 15 (Formula 1)
- [C], [Mn], [Cr], [Mo], [V], [Ni], and [Cu] are the contents of C, Mn, Cr, Mo, V, Ni, and Cu, respectively. [% By mass] and 0 if not contained.
- a thick-walled electric-welded steel pipe for a line pipe and a method for producing the same, which are compatible with low Y / T and low-temperature toughness of 95% or less, preferably 92% or less.
- tissue which consists of the hard phase which consists of polygonal ferrite, pearlite, and bainite of the base material steel plate of the ERW steel pipe of this invention It is a figure which shows the structure
- the structure of the hot-rolled steel sheet has a multiphase structure composed of a soft phase and a hard phase.
- the soft phase is often ferrite and the hard phase is martensite. This is because martensite is very hard, significantly increases the tensile strength, and greatly contributes to a reduction in Y / T.
- the hard phase is preferably one or both of bainite and pearlite.
- the reason is that, when martensite is used as a hard phase, Y / T is greatly reduced, but low-temperature toughness is impaired. Furthermore, if the hard phase is martensite, the tensile strength becomes excessively high, and it becomes difficult to overmatch the circumferential welds that weld the steel pipes together, which may reduce the buckling performance.
- bainite and pearlite contribute less to the increase in tensile strength than martensite, but have less adverse effect on toughness.
- the soft layer of the multilayer structure of the base steel sheet according to the present invention is polygonal ferrite.
- Polygonal ferrite contributes to a decrease in Y / T, so the area ratio needs to be 50% or more.
- the area ratio of polygonal ferrite is set to 92% or less.
- Polygonal ferrite, bainite, and pearlite can be distinguished by observing the microstructure revealed by the nital etching with an optical microscope.
- the area ratio of polygonal ferrite is obtained by image analysis of the microstructure revealed by nital etching.
- martensite cannot be identified by nital etching. Since martensite is not colored by repeller etching, it is observed as a whitened phase in the optical microstructure. That is, whether or not martensite is present in the structure can be confirmed by structural observation by repeller etching.
- the metal structure may contain bainitic ferrite as long as it does not impair the characteristics of the electric resistance welded steel pipe of the present invention.
- bainitic ferrite has a high dislocation density, and if present, Y / T is high. Therefore, it is preferable that bainitic ferrite does not exist.
- FIG. 1A shows the structure of the base steel plate of the ERW steel pipe of the present invention, which is composed of a hard phase composed of polygonal ferrite, pearlite and bainite.
- FIG. 1B shows the bainitic of the base steel plate of the conventional ERW steel pipe. A structure made of ferrite is shown.
- the white portion in FIG. 1A is polygonal ferrite which is a relatively equiaxed grain, and the black portion is bainite or pearlite.
- the amorphous bainitic ferrite is generated on the entire surface of FIG. 1B.
- the crystal grain size of polygonal ferrite needs to be fine in order to ensure the low temperature toughness of the base material of the ERW steel pipe.
- the polygonal ferrite particle size is 15 ⁇ m or less. The smaller the polygonal ferrite particle size, the better. However, it is technically difficult to make it smaller than 1 ⁇ m. In consideration of productivity, the polygonal ferrite particle size is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more.
- the polygonal ferrite particle size is obtained by image analysis of a microstructure revealed by nital etching or by a cutting method.
- the average particle size of Nb carbonitride is preferably 40 to 100 nm.
- the Nb carbonitride can be identified by observing with a transmission electron microscope (TEM) and using an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX) attached to the TEM.
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- EDX energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer
- the average particle size of Nb carbonitride is calculated by preparing an extracted replica sample, observing it with TEM, measuring the equivalent circle radius.
- the structure of the ERW weld is made of fine-grained ferrite and pearlite or bainite, and the hardness of the ERW weld is Hv 160 to 240.
- the structure of the ERW weld can be confirmed in the same manner as the structure of the hot-rolled steel sheet described above.
- the component of the hot rolled steel sheet which is a raw material of an electric resistance steel pipe is the same as the component of the base material of an electric resistance steel pipe, and the quantity of the component demonstrated below is all the mass%.
- C 0.06 to 0.15%
- C is an element necessary for increasing the strength. Moreover, since it contributes also to the fall of Y / T, in the ERW steel pipe of this invention, C amount is increased rather than the conventional ERW steel pipe, and it is 0.06% or more. On the other hand, if the amount of C exceeds 0.15%, the formation of polygonal ferrite becomes insufficient and coarse carbides are generated to impair toughness, so the upper limit is made 0.15%.
- the C content is preferably 0.07% or more, and more preferably 0.08% or more.
- the C content is preferably 0.14% or less, and more preferably 0.12% or less.
- Mn 1.00 to 1.65%
- Mn is an element that enhances the hardenability of steel and contributes to the improvement of strength and toughness, so 1.00% or more is added.
- the Mn content is preferably 1.20% or more, more preferably 1.30% or more. More preferably, it is 1.35% or more.
- the amount of Mn is preferably 1.55% or less.
- Ti 0.005 to 0.020%
- Ti is an element that forms carbonitride and contributes to suppression of precipitation strengthening by fine Nb carbonitride. Further, TiN contributes to refinement of the structure and improvement of toughness. In order to obtain these effects, it is necessary to add 0.005% or more of Ti. On the other hand, when Ti is added excessively, coarsening of TiN and precipitation hardening due to TiC occur, toughness deteriorates and Y / T increases, so 0.020% is made the upper limit.
- the Ti content is preferably 0.008% or more, and more preferably 0.010% or more.
- the Ti content is preferably 0.018% or less, and more preferably 0.015% or less.
- Nb 0.005 to 0.030%
- Conventional ERW steel pipes for line pipes usually have an amount of Nb exceeding 0.03% added in order to increase the strength.
- the ERW steel pipe for line pipe of the present invention in order to reduce Y / T, it is important to make the amount of Nb smaller than before. That is, the ERW steel pipe of the present invention is characterized by the component composition in that it has a high C, low Nb and lowers Y / T as compared with the conventional ERW steel pipe.
- Nb is an element that lowers the recrystallization temperature.
- Nb contributes to refinement of the structure by suppressing recrystallization of austenite, and also generates Nb carbonitride to enhance precipitation. In order to contribute, 0.005% or more is added.
- the Nb content is preferably 0.015% or less.
- N 0.001 to 0.006%
- N is an element that contributes to the refinement of the structure by the formation of nitrides, particularly TiN, and contains 0.001% or more.
- the upper limit is made 0.006%, and preferably the amount of N is made 0.004% or less.
- P 0.02% or less
- P is an impurity, and the upper limit of the content is 0.02%. Since the grain boundary fracture is prevented and the toughness is improved by reducing the amount of P, the amount of P is preferably 0.015% or less, and more preferably 0.010% or less. A smaller amount of P is preferred, but usually contains 0.001% or more from the balance between characteristics and cost.
- S 0.005% or less S is an impurity, and the upper limit of the content is 0.005%.
- the amount of S is preferably 0.003% or less, and more preferably 0.002% or less.
- a smaller amount of S is preferable, but usually contains 0.0001% or more from the balance between characteristics and cost.
- Ceq in order to ensure the strength, it is necessary to set the carbon equivalent Ceq obtained by the following (formula 1) to 0.32 or more. On the other hand, in order to ensure toughness, Ceq needs to be 0.43 or less. Ceq is preferably 0.34 or more, and more preferably 0.36 or more. Ceq is preferably 0.42 or less, and more preferably 0.40 or less.
- [C], [Mn], [Cr], [Mo], [V], [Ni], and [Cu] are the contents of C, Mn, Cr, Mo, V, Ni, and Cu, respectively. (Mass%). Cr, Mo, V, Ni, and Cu are arbitrary additive elements. When not intentionally added, calculation is made as 0 in the above (formula 1).
- Si 0.45% or less Si is not an essential additive element, but is effective as a deoxidizer, and addition of 0.01% or more is preferable. Si is an element that enhances the strength by solid solution strengthening, and is preferably added in an amount of 0.10% or more, more preferably 0.20% or more. If Si exceeds 0.45%, ductility and toughness are impaired, so the upper limit is limited to 0.45%. In order to ensure toughness, the Si content is preferably 0.35% or less, more preferably 0.30% or less.
- Al 0.08% or less
- Al is not an essential additive element, but is effective as a deoxidizing agent, and 0.001% or more is preferably added.
- addition of 0.010% or more of Al is preferable, and addition of 0.015% or more is more preferable.
- the Al content is preferably 0.05% or less, and more preferably 0.03% or less.
- Mo, Cu, Ni, Cr, and V are optional additive elements and are not essential additive elements. In order to improve the hardenability of steel and increase the strength, one or more of these elements may be added.
- Mo Less than 0.20% Mo is an element that contributes to increasing the strength of steel. However, when Mo is contained, polygonal ferrite is hardly generated, and bainitic ferrite is easily generated. As a result, since Y / T of steel becomes high, it is preferable not to add Mo. If the hardenability is insufficient, it may be added in an amount of less than 0.20%, preferably 0.15% or less, if a metal structure in which 50 to 92% is polygonal ferrite is obtained.
- Cu 0.50% or less
- Cu is an element that improves the hardenability of steel and contributes to solid solution strengthening, so 0.05% or more is preferably added.
- the upper limit is made 0.50% or less.
- the Cu content is preferably 0.30% or less.
- Ni 0.50% or less
- Ni is an element having the same effect as Cu, and is an element effective for improving the strength without deteriorating toughness. Therefore, 0.05% or more is preferably added.
- Cu it is preferable to add Ni simultaneously from the viewpoint of manufacturability. Since Ni is an expensive element, the amount of Ni is 0.50% or less, preferably 0.30% or less.
- Cr 1.00% or less Cr is an element effective for improving the strength, and it is preferable to add 0.05% or more. However, if Cr is added excessively, the weldability may deteriorate when the end of the steel pipe is circumferentially welded to make a long pipe, so 1.0% is made the upper limit.
- a more preferable Cr amount is 0.50% or less, and further preferably 0.30% or less.
- V 0.10% or less
- V is an element that generates carbides and nitrides and improves the strength of the steel by precipitation strengthening. To increase the strength effectively, 0.01% or more is added. Is preferred. On the other hand, if V is added excessively, carbides and nitrides are coarsened and the toughness may be impaired, so the V content is 0.10% or less. In order to reduce Y / T, the V amount is preferably 0.05% or less.
- one or both of Ca and REM may be added.
- Ca and REM are effective elements for controlling the form of sulfide.
- Ca and REM When one or both of Ca and REM are added, they generate spherical sulfides, and thus can suppress the generation of MnS elongated in the rolling direction.
- the Ca content and the REM content exceed 0.0050%, coarse oxides increase and the toughness is deteriorated. Therefore, the Ca content and the REM content are set to 0.0050% or less.
- the lower limit values of Mo, Cu, Ni, Cr, V, Ca, and REM, which are optional additive elements, are not limited and may be 0%. Moreover, since it does not have a bad influence even if it contains the quantity which is less than the preferable lower limit of each element, it is accept
- the steel slab is heated and hot-rolled, and then subjected to two-stage controlled cooling, wound up and air-cooled to produce a hot-rolled steel sheet.
- the heating temperature of the steel slab is set to 1050 ° C. or higher in order to dissolve elements forming carbides such as Nb in the steel.
- the heating temperature is 1100 ° C. or higher, more preferably 1150 ° C. or higher.
- the temperature is set to 1300 ° C. or lower in order to prevent the grain size of polygonal ferrite from becoming coarse.
- the heating temperature is preferably 1250 ° C. or lower, more preferably 1200 ° C. or lower.
- Hot rolling needs to be performed in a temperature range where the steel structure is an austenite phase. This is because when processed after the ferrite transformation is started, processed polygonal ferrite is generated, and the anisotropy of characteristics is increased. Therefore, it is necessary to perform hot rolling at 3 or more points at Ar where the ferrite transformation starts during cooling. Further, in order to obtain polygonal ferrite of 15 ⁇ m or less, the total finish reduction ratio is set to 35 to 90%.
- the Ar 3 point can be determined from the thermal expansion behavior when heated and cooled using a test material having the same composition as the base steel plate. Moreover, it is also possible to obtain
- [C], [Mn], [Ni], [Cu], [Cr], and [Mo] are the contents (mass%) of C, Mn, Ni, Cu, Cr, and Mo, respectively. .
- Ni, Cu, Cr, and Mo are arbitrary additive elements. When not intentionally added, Ni is calculated as 0 in the above (Formula 2).
- Accelerated cooling is performed to control the area ratio, grain size, and type of hard phase of polygonal ferrite.
- the particle size of Nb carbonitride can also be controlled by accelerated cooling.
- the accelerated cooling is two-stage cooling, and after the primary cooling, the secondary cooling is performed at a higher cooling rate. Mainly, the primary cooling generates polygonal ferrite, and the secondary cooling suppresses the growth of crystal grains of Nb carbonitride and polygonal ferrite.
- the cooling rate of primary cooling is 5 to 20 ° C / s.
- Nb carbonitride increases.
- the cooling rate of the primary cooling is slow, the Nb carbonitride becomes coarse, so that the tensile strength decreases and Y / T increases.
- the cooling rate of the primary cooling is set to 5 to 20 ° C./s.
- the cooling rate of the secondary cooling is faster than the primary cooling, and the upper limit is 60 ° C./s.
- the cooling rate of the secondary cooling exceeds 60 ° C./s, the Nb carbonitride becomes too fine and Y / T increases.
- the cooling rate of the secondary cooling is slower than the primary cooling, Nb carbonitride increases and Y / T increases.
- the cooling rate of the secondary cooling is preferably 30 ° C./s or more in order to suppress polygonal ferrite grain growth.
- the cooling rate is a value at the thickness center position.
- the winding temperature is 450 to 600 ° C.
- Nb carbonitride is excessively generated, the yield strength is increased, and Y / T is increased.
- a preferable winding temperature is 500 ° C. or higher, and more preferably 520 ° C. or higher.
- An electric resistance steel pipe is manufactured by forming a hot-rolled steel sheet into a tubular shape, butting ends and electrowelding the butted surfaces.
- the wall thickness / outer diameter ratio is set to 4.0% or more in order to prevent crushing due to water pressure. If the wall thickness / outer diameter ratio exceeds 7.0%, the pipe forming distortion introduced into the ERW steel pipe increases, and the increase in Y / T cannot be suppressed.
- the diameter ratio is 7.0% or less.
- the wall thickness / outer diameter ratio is less than 4.0%, the increase in Y / T due to pipe-making distortion introduced into the ERW steel pipe is small, and buckling due to bending or unbending deformation becomes a problem. There are few things.
- the butted portion is heated and melted, and pressure is applied to join. Therefore, the electro-welded welded portion is in a state of being rapidly cooled after being plastically deformed at a high temperature. Therefore, the ERW weld is hardened compared to the base material.
- the structure of the ERW weld becomes fine ferrite and pearlite or bainite, and the hardness becomes Hv 160 to 240, so that the deformation performance of the ERW steel pipe can be further improved. it can.
- Ar 3 points in Table 2 were determined from the contents (mass%) of C, Mn, Ni, Cu, Cr, and Mo shown in Table 1.
- Ni, Cu, Cr, and Mo are arbitrary additive elements, and as shown in the blank in Table 1, when not intentionally added, calculation was made as 0 in the following (Formula 2).
- a sample for observing the structure of the C cross section (corresponding to the plate thickness surface in the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction in hot rolling) is taken from the thickness central portion of the manufactured thick ERW steel pipe, and subjected to nital etching, Microscopic observation and photography were performed with an optical microscope. Using the structure photograph, the area ratio and particle size of polygonal ferrite were measured, and the structure other than polygonal ferrite was discriminated.
- a full-thickness arc-shaped tensile test piece is taken from the welded portion of the thick-walled ERW steel pipe at 90 degrees and in the direction of the pipe axis in accordance with JIS Z 2241.
- the strength (0.2% off set) and tensile strength were determined.
- V-notch test piece was collected from a base steel plate of a thick-walled ERW steel pipe in accordance with JIS Z 2242 and subjected to a Charpy test at ⁇ 20 ° C. to obtain Charpy absorbed energy.
- the V-notch test piece was collected with the circumferential direction as the longitudinal direction.
- Nos. 1 to 14 are examples of the present invention.
- 15 to 21 are comparative examples.
- No. Nos. 1 to 14 include polygonal ferrite having a metal structure of 50 to 92% in the area of the base steel sheet, the Y / T of the steel pipe is 95% or less, the tensile strength (TS) is 525 MPa or more, and at ⁇ 20 ° C. Absorption energy (vE -20 ) is 150 J or more, and low temperature toughness is good.
- the balance of the metal structure is bainite and / or pearlite. Further, the hardness of the ERW weld is Hv 160 to 240, and the structure is bainite, fine ferrite and pearlite, or fine ferrite and bainite.
- No. No. 16 is an example in which the yield strength is increased and Y / T is increased as a result of the area ratio of polygonal ferrite being reduced because the cold speed switching speed is high.
- No. 17 is an example in which the amount of Mn is small and the strength is lowered.
- No. No. 18 is an example in which the yield strength increased due to excessive precipitation strengthening and Y / T increased because the amount of Nb was excessive.
- No. No. 19 is an example in which the amount of C is excessive and the area ratio of polygonal ferrite is reduced because the cold speed switching speed is high, and the toughness is lowered.
- No. No. 21 is an example in which the amount of C is low and the amount of Nb is excessive, so that the strength increases and Y / T increases.
- FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the amount of C, the amount of Nb, and Y / T in the inventive example and the comparative example manufactured using the manufacturing method of the present invention.
- the numerical value in the graph represents Y / T.
- the upper left of FIG. 2, that is, the region of low C high Nb is the composition of the conventional electric resistance welded steel pipe, and the lower right, ie, the region of high C low Nb is the composition of the electric resistance welded steel pipe of the present invention.
- the electric resistance welded steel pipe of the present invention has a low Y / T that does not cause buckling due to bending and unbending deformation as compared with the conventional electric resistance welded steel pipe.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a thick-walled electric-welded steel pipe for a line pipe that satisfies both low Y / T and low-temperature toughness, and a method for manufacturing the same. Since an electric resistance steel pipe having T is obtained, industrial applicability is great.
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Abstract
Description
+([Ni]+[Cu])/15…(式1)
ここで、[C]、[Mn]、[Cr]、[Mo]、[V]、[Ni]、[Cu]は、それぞれ、C、Mn、Cr、Mo、V、Ni、Cuの含有量[質量%]であり、含有されない場合は0とする。
+([Ni]+[Cu])/15…(式1)
ここで、[C]、[Mn]、[Cr]、[Mo]、[V]、[Ni]、[Cu]は、それぞれ、C、Mn、Cr、Mo、V、Ni、Cuの含有量[質量%]であり、含有されない場合は0とする。
Cは、強度を高めるために必要な元素である。また、Y/Tの低下にも寄与するので、本発明の電縫鋼管では、従来の電縫鋼管よりもC量を多くし、0.06%以上とする。一方、C量が0.15%を超えると、ポリゴナルフェライトの生成が不十分になり、粗大な炭化物が生成して靭性を損なうため、上限を0.15%とする。強度を確保するためには、C量を0.07%以上にすることが好ましく、0.08%以上にすることがさらに好ましい。靱性を確保するためには、C量を0.14%以下にすることが好ましく、0.12%以下がより好ましい。
Mnは、鋼の焼入れ性を高める元素であり、強度及び靱性の向上に寄与するので、1.00%以上を添加する。一方、Mnを過度に添加すると、ポリゴナルフェライトの生成が不十分になり、マルテンサイトを生じて、Y/T及び靱性等の特性が劣化するので、上限を1.65%とする。強度を確保するためには、Mn量を1.20%以上にすることが好ましく、1.30%以上がより好ましい。さらに好ましくは、1.35%以上である。靱性を確保するためには、Mn量を1.55%以下にすることが好ましい。
Tiは、炭窒化物を形成する元素であり、微細なNb炭窒化物による析出強化の抑制に寄与する。また、TiNは、組織を微細化し、靭性の向上に寄与する。これらの効果を得るためには、0.005%以上のTiを添加することが必要である。一方、Tiを過剰に添加するとTiNの粗大化や、TiCによる析出硬化が生じ、靭性が劣化し、Y/Tが上昇するので、0.020%を上限とする。組織を微細化して靱性を確保するためには、Ti量を、0.008%以上とするのが好ましく、0.010%以上がより好ましい。一方、析出物に起因する靱性の低下を抑制するためには、Ti量は0.018%以下が好ましく、0.015%以下がより好ましい。
従来のラインパイプ用電縫鋼管は、強度を高めるために、通常、0.03%を超える量のNbが添加されていた。しかし、本発明のラインパイプ用電縫鋼管では、Y/Tを低下させるために、Nbの量を従来よりも少なくすることが重要である。すなわち、本発明の電縫鋼管は、従来の電縫鋼管と比べ、高C低NbとしY/Tを低下させる点に、成分組成の特徴がある。
Nは、窒化物、特に、TiNの形成により、組織の微細化に寄与する元素であり、0.001%以上を含有させる。結晶粒を微細にするためには、0.0015%以上のNを含有させることが好ましく、より好ましくは含有量を0.0020%以上とする。一方、N量が過剰になると、粗大なTiNを生じて靭性が劣化するので、上限を0.006%とし、好ましくは、N量を0.004%以下とする。
Pは、不純物であり、含有量の上限を0.02%とする。P量の低減により、粒界破壊が防止され、靭性が向上することから、P量は0.015%以下が好ましく、0.010%以下がより好ましい。P量は少ない方が好ましいが、特性とコストのバランスから、通常、0.001%以上を含有する。
Sは、不純物であり、含有量の上限を0.005%とする。S量の低減により、熱間圧延によって延伸化するMnSを低減し、靭性を向上させることができることから、S量は0.003%以下が好ましく、0.002%以下がより好ましい。S量は少ない方が好ましいが、特性とコストのバランスから、通常、0.0001%以上を含有する。
+([Ni]+[Cu])/15…(式1)
Siは、必須の添加元素ではないが、脱酸剤として有効であり、0.01%以上の添加が好ましい。また、Siは固溶強化によって強度を高める元素であり、0.10%以上の添加がより好ましく、0.20%以上の添加がより好ましい。Siは、0.45%を超えて添加すると、延性や靭性を損なうので、上限を0.45%に制限する。靱性を確保するためには、Si量を0.35%以下にすることが好ましく、0.30%以下がより好ましい。
Alは、必須の添加元素ではないが、脱酸剤として有効であり、0.001%以上の添加が好ましい。脱酸の効果を高めるためには、0.010%以上のAlの添加が好ましく、0.015%以上の添加がより好ましい。Alは、0.08%を超えて添加すると、介在物が増加して、延性や靭性を損なうため、0.08%以下に制限する。靱性を確保するためには、Al量を0.05%以下にすることが好ましく、0.03%以下がより好ましい。
Moは、鋼の高強度化に寄与する元素である。しかし、Moが含有されると、ポリゴナルフェライトが生成されにくくなり、ベイニティックフェライトが生成されやすくなる。その結果、鋼のY/Tが高くなるので、Moは添加しないことが好ましい。焼入性が不足する場合は、50~92%がポリゴナルフェライトとなる金属組織が得られれば、0.20%未満、好ましくは0.15%以下の範囲で添加してもよい。
Cuは、鋼の焼入れ性を向上させる元素であり、固溶強化にも寄与するので、0.05%以上を添加することが好ましい。一方、Cuを過度に添加すると表面性状を損なうことがあるので、上限は0.50%以下とする。経済性の観点から、Cu量は0.30%以下が好ましい。
Niは、Cuと同様の効果を奏する元素であり、靭性を劣化させることなく強度を向上させるのに有効な元素であるので、0.05%以上添加することが好ましい。Cuを添加する場合は、製造性の観点から、同時にNiを添加することが好ましい。Niは高価な元素であるため、Ni量は0.50%以下とし、0.30%以下とすることが好ましい。
Crは、強度の向上に有効な元素であり、0.05%以上を添加することが好ましい。ただし、Crを過度に添加すると、鋼管の端部を円周溶接して長尺のパイプとする際に、溶接性が劣化することがあるため、1.0%を上限とする。より好ましいCr量は0.50%以下であり、さらに好ましくは0.30%以下である。
Vは、炭化物、窒化物を生成し、析出強化によって鋼の強度を向上させる元素であり、強度を効果的に上昇させるために、0.01%以上を添加することが好ましい。一方、Vを過剰に添加すると、炭化物及び窒化物が粗大化し、靭性を損なうことがあるため、V量は0.10%以下とする。Y/Tを低下させるには、V量を0.05%以下にすることが好ましい。
Ca及びREMは、硫化物の形態制御に有効な元素である。Ca、REMの一方又は双方を添加すると、これらは球状の硫化物を生成するため、圧延方向に伸長したMnSの生成を抑制することができる。この効果を得るためには、Ca量、REM量を、ともに0.0001%以上とすることが好ましい。一方、Ca量、REM量が0.0050%を超えると、粗大な酸化物が増加して靭性を劣化させるので、Ca量、REM量は、0.0050%以下とする。
-20[Cu]-15[Cr]-80[Mo]…(式2)
ここで、冷却速度は肉厚中心位置での値である。直接測定することは容易ではないが、水量密度、表面温度の測定結果からシミュレーション可能である。
-20[Cu]-15[Cr]-80[Mo]…(式2)
Claims (3)
- 管状に成形された母材鋼板を電縫溶接してなる肉厚/外径比が4.0~7.0%の厚肉電縫鋼管であって、上記母材鋼板が、質量%で、
C :0.06~0.15%、
Mn:1.00~1.65%、
Ti:0.005~0.020%、
Nb:0.005~0.030%、
N :0.001~0.006%
を含み、
P :0.02%以下、
S :0.005%以下
に制限し、任意の添加元素として、
Si:0.45%以下、
Al:0.08%以下、
Mo:0.20%未満、
Cu:0.50%以下、
Ni:0.50%以下、
Cr:1.00%以下、
V :0.10%以下、
Ca:0.0050%以下、
REM:0.0050%以下
を含有し、下記(式1)によって求めるCeqが0.32~0.43であり、残部がFe及び不可避的不純物からなる成分組成を有し、
上記母材鋼板の金属組織が、面積率で50~92%のポリゴナルフェライトを含み、
上記ポリゴナルフェライトの平均粒径が15μm以下であり、
電縫溶接部の硬さがHv160~240であり、
上記電縫溶接部の組織がベイナイト、細粒フェライト及びパーライト、又は、細粒フェライト及びベイナイトである
ことを特徴とする厚肉電縫鋼管。
Ceq=[C]+[Mn]/6+([Cr]+[Mo]
+[V])/5+([Ni]+[Cu])/15
…(式1)
ここで、[C]、[Mn]、[Cr]、[Mo]、[V]、[Ni]、[Cu]は、それぞれ、C、Mn、Cr、Mo、V、Ni、Cuの含有量[質量%]であり、意図的に添加しない元素については0とする。 - 前記母材鋼板の金属組織のNb炭窒化物の平均粒径が、40~100nmであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の厚肉電縫鋼管。
- 質量%で、
C :0.06~0.15%、
Mn:1.00~1.65%、
Ti:0.005~0.020%、
Nb:0.005~0.030%、
N :0.001~0.006%
を含み、
P :0.02%以下、
S :0.005%以下
に制限し、任意の添加元素として、
Si:0.45%以下、
Al:0.05%以下、
Mo:0.20%未満、
Cu:0.50%以下、
Ni:0.50%以下、
Cr:1.00%以下、
V :0.10%以下、
Ca:0.0050%以下、
REM:0.0050%以下
を含有し、下記(式1)によって求めるCeqが0.32~0.43であり、残部がFe及び不可避的不純物からなる鋼を鋳造して鋼片とし、
上記鋼片を1050~1300℃に加熱し、
合計の仕上圧延率を35~90%として熱間圧延を施して熱延鋼板とし、
上記熱延鋼板を、Ar3点以上から630~720℃まで5~20℃/sの冷却速度で一次冷却し、
引き続き、一次冷却より速く、60℃/s以下の冷却速度で二次冷却し、
450~600℃で巻き取り、
巻き取った鋼板を肉厚/外径比が4.0~7.0%の管状に成形し、
その突き合わせ面を電縫溶接し、続いて、
電縫溶接部をAc3点以上1100℃以下に加熱し、次いで、
室温まで放冷、又は、200~650℃まで水冷しその後放冷する
ことを特徴とする厚肉電縫鋼管の製造方法。
Ceq=[C]+[Mn]/6+([Cr]+[Mo]
+[V])/5+([Ni]+[Cu])/15
…(式1)
ここで、[C]、[Mn]、[Cr]、[Mo]、[V]、[Ni]、[Cu]は、それぞれ、C、Mn、Cr、Mo、V、Ni、Cuの含有量[質量%]であり、意図的に添加しない元素については0とする。
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EP2752499B1 (en) | 2016-10-05 |
CN103249854A (zh) | 2013-08-14 |
CN103249854B (zh) | 2014-11-05 |
KR20130058074A (ko) | 2013-06-03 |
JP5293903B1 (ja) | 2013-09-18 |
JPWO2013027779A1 (ja) | 2015-03-19 |
CA2832021A1 (en) | 2013-02-28 |
KR101367352B1 (ko) | 2014-02-26 |
EP2752499A1 (en) | 2014-07-09 |
EP2752499A4 (en) | 2015-07-15 |
CA2832021C (en) | 2014-11-18 |
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