WO2012165619A1 - 易解体性粘着剤組成物及び易解体性粘着テープ - Google Patents
易解体性粘着剤組成物及び易解体性粘着テープ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012165619A1 WO2012165619A1 PCT/JP2012/064295 JP2012064295W WO2012165619A1 WO 2012165619 A1 WO2012165619 A1 WO 2012165619A1 JP 2012064295 W JP2012064295 W JP 2012064295W WO 2012165619 A1 WO2012165619 A1 WO 2012165619A1
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- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09J133/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing halogen, nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen atoms in addition to the carboxy oxygen
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- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09J133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C09J133/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F293/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F293/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule
- C08F293/005—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule using free radical "living" or "controlled" polymerisation, e.g. using a complexing agent
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- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
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- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09J133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C09J133/062—Copolymers with monomers not covered by C09J133/06
- C09J133/066—Copolymers with monomers not covered by C09J133/06 containing -OH groups
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- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09J133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C09J133/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
- C09J133/12—Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
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- C09J153/00—Adhesives based on block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
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- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/10—Adhesives in the form of films or foils without carriers
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- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/30—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by the adhesive composition
- C09J7/38—Pressure-sensitive adhesives [PSA]
- C09J7/381—Pressure-sensitive adhesives [PSA] based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C09J7/385—Acrylic polymers
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
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- C08K5/42—Sulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof
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- C09J2301/00—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2301/40—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the presence of essential components
- C09J2301/408—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the presence of essential components additives as essential feature of the adhesive layer
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- C09J2433/00—Presence of (meth)acrylic polymer
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- C09J2453/00—Presence of block copolymer
Definitions
- the present invention provides an easily disassembleable pressure-sensitive adhesive tape that can be easily disassembled after a certain period of time after being attached to an adherend and fixing between articles, and an easy dismantling property that provides the easily dismantleable adhesive tape.
- the present invention relates to an adhesive composition.
- Adhesive tape is a bonding means with excellent workability and high bonding reliability. It is used to fix parts in various industrial fields such as OA equipment, IT / home appliances, automobiles, temporarily fix parts, and label to display product information. Used for applications. In recent years, from the viewpoint of protecting the global environment, there is an increasing demand for recycling and reuse of used products in various industrial fields such as home appliances and automobiles. When recycling and reusing various products, it is necessary to fix the parts and peel off the adhesive tape used for the labels. However, since the adhesive tape is provided at various locations in the product, Reduction of the work cost by a removal process is desired.
- a pressure-sensitive adhesive member having two or more pressure-sensitive adhesive layers having different adhesive forces is disclosed (see Patent Document 1).
- the adhesive tape is obtained by bonding the adherend through a weak adhesive layer in an adhesive member having an adhesive layer having a superposed structure, so that the adherend is firmly fixed and the weak adhesive layer can be easily used as a release surface.
- It is an adhesive member that realizes easy disassembly.
- the adhesive member since the adhesive member has a plurality of adhesive layers as essential components, there is a problem that the manufacturing cost is increased.
- Patent Document 2 a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition containing an aliphatic polyester has been disclosed (see Patent Document 2). It is disclosed that the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition can be easily peeled off by the action of promoting the hydrolysis of polycaprolactone in the peeling work by immersion in warm water. However, since the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition needs to be immersed in warm water at the time of peeling, the equipment cost is large when the member to be dismantled is large, and it is not possible to use water when reusing electronic parts etc. Was not applicable.
- an adhesive composition using an acrylic block copolymer an acrylic copolymer having a carboxyl precursor group (—COOt-butyl) in an acrylic polymer block is produced, and then the carboxyl precursor group is converted to a carboxyl group.
- a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition containing a block copolymer converted into a group is disclosed (see Patent Document 3).
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition has a step of producing an acrylic copolymer having a t-butyl group in the side chain as a carboxyl precursor group.
- the resulting pressure-sensitive adhesive composition contains the t-butyl group. The group did not remain and was not dismantling.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention can be suitably attached to an adherend and fixed between parts, and can be easily disassembled by heating or irradiation with energy rays without using water such as warm water during disassembly. It is providing the adhesive composition which can implement
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an easy-to-disassemble pressure-sensitive adhesive tape that is excellent in the above-mentioned dismantling property and excellent in adhesiveness at high temperatures, and an adhesive composition that can realize the easily-dismantling adhesive tape.
- an easy-to-disassemble adhesive tape that can be disassembled at each interface even when the adhesive tape is peeled off from the adherend during peeling or the adhesive layer is peeled off from the substrate, It is to provide a feasible pressure-sensitive adhesive composition.
- An acrylic polymer containing a group-containing monomer as a monomer component, wherein the content of the polar group-containing monomer is 5 to 30% by mass in the total monomer components forming the acrylic polymer Easy-to-disassemble pressure-sensitive adhesive composition.
- the carboxyl precursor group-containing (meth) acrylate monomer is tert-butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-methyl-2-adamantyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethyl-2-adamantyl (meth) acrylate, bornyl (meth) )
- the easily disintegratable pressure-sensitive adhesive composition according to (1) which is at least one selected from the group consisting of acrylate, isobornyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, and benzyl (meth) acrylate.
- the acrylic polymer contains a poly (meth) acrylate chain (A) composed of the carboxyl precursor group-containing (meth) acrylate monomer, the n-butyl acrylate, and the polar group-containing monomer as monomer components.
- the easily disassembleable pressure-sensitive adhesive composition of the present invention it is possible to disassemble easily without any adhesive residue by simple means such as heat and light during disassembly without reducing the good adhesive properties of the acrylic polymer. Can do.
- the adhesive layer easily peels off at the time of disassembly from the adherend of the adhesive tape and the adhesive layer from the base material at the time of disassembly, so the adhesive to the adherend and base material The layer does not easily remain, and the workability during disassembly is also good. Therefore, it is suitable for OA equipment, IT / household appliances, automobiles, etc. used for recycling and reuse, for parts fixing, parts temporarily fixing, labels for displaying product information, etc. And can be easily disassembled by simple heating equipment, energy beam irradiation equipment, etc. during disassembly.
- the acrylic polymer used in the easily disintegratable pressure-sensitive adhesive composition of the present invention is an acrylic polymer containing a carboxyl precursor group-containing (meth) acrylate monomer, n-butyl acrylate and a polar group-containing monomer as monomer components.
- the content of the polar group-containing monomer is 5 to 30% by mass of the acrylic polymer in all monomer components forming the acrylic polymer.
- the acrylic polymer has a carboxyl precursor group derived from a (meth) acrylate monomer in the side chain, and the carboxyl precursor group is an acid generator that generates acid by light or heat from the outside of the acid catalyst or the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.
- the (meth) acrylic acid increases the cohesive strength of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and foaming occurs during the formation of (meth) acrylic acid.
- the side chain is decomposed by the above, the peelability of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is improved, and it is possible to disassemble it satisfactorily.
- the carboxyl precursor group is not particularly limited as long as it becomes a carboxyl group by an acid, but is composed of an alkyl group having a secondary or tertiary carbon atom that easily causes olefin elimination by an acid and a carboxyl group.
- An ester group can be preferably used.
- a group other than an alkyl group having a secondary or tertiary carbon atom a benzyl group which can be easily removed under mild conditions can be preferably used.
- those that are eliminated to generate gases such as alkylene and alkane contribute to the improvement of the peelability of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, so that even better removability is obtained. Therefore, it is preferable.
- the structural unit having a carboxyl precursor group in the acrylic copolymer formed from a carboxyl precursor group-containing (meth) acrylate monomer is preferably a structural unit represented by the following formula (1).
- R 1 in the above formula (1) represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, preferably a hydrogen atom.
- X 1 represents an alkyl group (preferably having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 12 carbon atoms) that can be eliminated under the influence of an acid to form a carboxyl group in the formula (1).
- X 1 is an alkyl group having a secondary or tertiary carbon atom, the oxygen atom of the (meth) acryloyloxy group is bonded to the secondary or tertiary carbon atom of the alkyl group.
- the (meth) acrylate monomer in which the secondary carbon atom of the alkyl group having a secondary carbon atom and the (meth) acryloyloxy group are bonded for example, sec -Butyl (meth) acrylate, isopropyl (meth) acrylate, sec-hexyl (meth) acrylate, sec-octyl (meth) acrylate, sec-nonyl (meth) acrylate, sec-decyl (meth) acrylate, bornyl (meth) acrylate , Isobornyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, and the like can be used.
- cyclohexyl acrylate can be preferably used because it is easy to obtain suitable dismantling properties and easily obtain a colorless and highly transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.
- Examples of the (meth) acrylate monomer in which the tertiary carbon atom of the alkyl group having a tertiary carbon atom and the (meth) acryloyloxy group are bonded include tert-butyl (meth) acrylate, tert-hexyl ( 2-alkyl-2-adamantyl (meth) acrylate such as meth) acrylate, tert-octyl (meth) acrylate, tert-nonyl (meth) acrylate, tert-decyl (meth) acrylate, 2-methyl-2-adamantyl (meth) acrylate, etc. ) Acrylate or the like can be used.
- benzyl (meth) acrylate can also be preferably used as a carboxyl precursor group-containing (meth) acrylate monomer other than these.
- tert-butyl (meth) acrylate 2-methyl-2-adamantyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethyl-2-adamantyl (meth) acrylate, bornyl (meth) acrylate, isobornyl (Meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, and benzyl (meth) acrylate are suitably selected and preferably used because they preferably form a carboxyl group with an acid, and tert-butyl acrylate is particularly preferably used. Further, isobornyl acrylate can be particularly preferably used because it has a high thermal stability and is easy to obtain a colorless and highly transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive layer in addition to suitable carboxyl group formation by an acid.
- the content of the carboxyl precursor group-containing (meth) acrylate monomer is preferably 1 to 75% by mass, more preferably 1 to 60% by mass, based on all monomer components constituting the acrylic polymer.
- the content is more preferably 2 to 50% by mass, and particularly preferably 3 to 40% by mass. It becomes easy to implement
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition of the present invention those that are disassembled only by heating or ultraviolet irradiation can be preferably used.
- a significant decrease in adhesive strength can be achieved only by heating or ultraviolet irradiation alone.
- a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition that does not occur and causes a significant decrease in adhesive strength when combined with heating and ultraviolet irradiation is preferred.
- carboxyl precursor group-containing (meth) acrylate monomer it is difficult for a significant decrease in adhesive strength to occur only by heating or ultraviolet irradiation alone, and a significant decrease in adhesive strength is likely to occur by a combination of heating and ultraviolet irradiation.
- (meth) acrylate monomers and in particular, sec-butyl (meth) acrylate, isopropyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, isobornyl acrylate, bornyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate are particularly preferable. It can be preferably used.
- the acrylic polymer used in the present invention has suitable adhesive properties, particularly high temperature, by using n-butyl acrylate and a polar group-containing monomer as a copolymerization component in combination with the carboxyl precursor group-containing (meth) acrylate monomer. Underlying adhesion and disassembly can be realized.
- the polar group-containing monomer include vinyl monomers having a polar group such as a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an amino group, an imino group, or an amide group. These monomers are adhesive or adhesive during disassembly due to intermolecular interaction. This is preferable because it tends to contribute to the improvement of the cohesive strength of the layer.
- a polar group-containing vinyl monomer that can form a hydrogen bond can be preferably used, and the hydroxyl group-containing vinyl monomer is excellent in adhesion and stability over time of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer after bonding. Since it is easy to ensure the force, it contributes to the disassembly at the adherend / adhesive layer interface or the adhesive layer / base material interface, and is particularly preferable because suitable dismantling properties are easily obtained.
- Examples of the hydroxyl group-containing vinyl monomer include 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl ( (Meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxyhexyl (meth) acrylate, 6-hydroxyhexyl (meth) acrylate, 8-hydroxyoctyl (meth) acrylate, 10-hydroxydecyl (meth) acrylate, 12-hydroxylauryl (meth) acrylate, etc. It can be appropriately selected and used. Of these, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate or 4-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate can be preferably used, and 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate can be particularly preferably used.
- carboxyl group-containing vinyl monomer for example, a monomer having a carboxyl group such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, crotonic acid, acrylic acid dimer, ethylene oxide-modified succinic acid acrylate, or the like may be used. it can.
- amide group-containing vinyl monomer examples include acrylamide, methacrylamide, diethylacrylamide, N-vinylpyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylacrylamide, N, N-dimethylmethacrylamide, N, N-diethylacrylamide, N, N. -Diethylmethacrylamide, N, N'-methylenebisacrylamide, N, N-dimethylaminopropylacrylamide, N, N-dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide, diacetoneacrylamide, etc. can be used.
- amino group-containing vinyl monomers examples include Aminoethyl (meth) acrylate, N, N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, N, N-dimethylaminopropyl (meth) acrylate, and the like can be used.
- imino group-containing monomer for example, cyclohexylmaleimide, isopropylmaleimide, N-cyclohexylmaleimide, itaconimide and the like can be used.
- the content of n-butyl acrylate is preferably 20% by mass or more, and preferably 30 to 95% by mass, based on all monomer components constituting the acrylic polymer, because good adhesiveness is easily obtained. Is more preferable, 40 to 90% by mass is still more preferable, and 50 to 80% by mass is particularly preferable.
- the content of the polar group-containing monomer (preferably, the polar group-containing vinyl monomer) is 5 to 30% by mass, preferably 8 to 25% by mass, more preferably, based on all monomer components constituting the acrylic polymer. When 10 to 20% by mass is used, it can be disassembled satisfactorily even with high adhesive strength, and suitable dismantling properties can be realized at the adherend / adhesive layer interface or the adhesive layer / substrate interface.
- acrylic polymer used in the present invention monomer components other than the above monomers can be used as appropriate, and have an alkyl group having 1 to 14 carbon atoms other than the carboxyl precursor group-containing (meth) acrylate monomer and n-butyl acrylate ( Meth) acrylates may be used.
- Examples of the (meth) acrylate having an alkyl group having 1 to 14 carbon atoms include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, hexyl (meth) acrylate, 2- Ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, n-octyl (meth) acrylate, isooctyl (meth) acrylate, n-nonyl (meth) acrylate, isononyl (meth) acrylate, n-decyl (meth) acrylate, isodecyl (meth) acrylate, n- Undecyl (meth) acrylate, n-dodecyl (meth) acrylate, n-tridecyl (meth) acrylate, n-tetradecyl (meth) acryl
- the content may be equal to or less than the same mass% of the n-butyl acrylate used. Preferably, it is preferably 30% by mass or less, more preferably 20% by mass or less, and further preferably 10% by mass or less in the monomer component constituting the acrylic polymer.
- the acrylic polymer used in the present invention may be a random polymer of the above monomer component or a block polymer.
- a random polymer is preferable because it facilitates securing initial adhesive strength.
- the block polymer is preferable because stick slip hardly occurs at the time of peeling at the adherend / adhesive layer interface or the adhesive layer / base material interface, and it becomes easy to obtain a particularly suitable dismantling property.
- an acrylic polymer is used as a block polymer, it contains a poly (meth) acrylate chain (A) composed of a carboxyl precursor group-containing (meth) acrylate monomer, and n-butyl acrylate and a polar group-containing monomer as monomer components.
- the block copolymer may be a block copolymer (AB type block copolymer) of one poly (meth) acrylate chain (A) and one poly (meth) acrylate chain (B).
- a block copolymer (ABA type, BAB type, ABAB type, ABABA type, etc.) in which the poly (meth) acrylate chain (A) and a plurality of poly (meth) acrylate chains (B) are randomly block-polymerized Also good.
- the poly (meth) acrylate chain (A) is a polymer chain having 10 or more repeating units composed of a carboxyl precursor group-containing (meth) acrylate monomer
- the side chain can be decomposed by the acid component of the acid generator that generates acid, which can contribute to the peeling of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.
- the number of repeating units is the number of repeating units that can be polymerized and is not particularly limited as long as it can realize adhesive properties, but is preferably 10 or more, more preferably 20 or more, and the upper limit is preferable. Is 100,000 or less.
- the acrylic polymer is a block copolymer of the poly (meth) acrylate chain (A) and the poly (meth) acrylate chain (B)
- the content ratio of each polymer chain in the acrylic polymer is It is preferable that (A) is 75 mol% or less with respect to the sum total of (A) and (B).
- the copolymerization ratio represented by the molar ratio (A) / (B) is preferably 75/25 to 1/99, more preferably 65/35 to 3/97, and 50/50 Is more preferably from 10/90, and particularly preferably from 40/60 to 15/85.
- the mass average molecular weight of the acrylic polymer used in the present invention may be appropriately adjusted in the range of about 10,000 to 2,000,000 depending on the use mode, and the acrylic polymer is produced by the living radical polymerization method described later. In this case, it is preferably about 10,000 to 100,000 from the viewpoint of maintaining good production efficiency, preferably 150,000 or more from the viewpoint of maintaining good adhesive strength before disassembly, and 300,000 or more. More preferably, it is more preferably about 450,000 to 1,000,000. Moreover, it is also preferable to set it to 600,000 or more especially when it is desired to ensure the cohesive strength of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer at the time of disassembly.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition of the present invention is preferable when the number average molecular weight is 150,000 or more because high adhesive force and suitable disassembly are easily realized.
- the mass average molecular weight and the number average molecular weight are in terms of standard polystyrene by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- HLC-8220GPC manufactured by Tosoh Corporation
- TSKgel GMHXL manufactured by Tosoh Corporation
- the column temperature is 40 ° C.
- the eluent is tetrahydrofuran
- the flow rate is 1.0 mL / min
- standard polystyrene Can be measured by using TSK standard polystyrene.
- a chain transfer agent may be used for the polymerization.
- the chain transfer agent include known chain transfer agents such as lauryl mercaptan, glycidyl mercaptan, mercaptoacetic acid, 2-mercaptoethanol, thioglycolic acid, 2-ethylhexyl thioglycolate, and 2,3-dimethylcapto-1-propanol. Can be used.
- the acrylic polymer can be produced, for example, by subjecting a mixture of the acrylic monomers to a radical polymerization reaction.
- Specific examples of the method for producing the acrylic polymer include a living radical polymerization method and a conventionally known radical polymerization method using an azo initiator or a peroxide.
- the adoption of the living radical polymerization method does not cause side reactions such as chain transfer reaction and termination reaction in the radical polymerization process, and it can suppress the formation of low molecular weight components and produce an acrylic polymer with a narrow molecular weight distribution. This is preferable because it is possible.
- Examples of the living radical polymerization method include an atom transfer radical polymerization method (ATRP method), a living radical polymerization method using an organic hetero compound containing a high-frequency group 15 or group 16 element as a catalyst (radical weight mediated by an organic hetero compound). Law) (TERP method, etc.), reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization reaction method (RAFT method), and the like.
- ATRP method atom transfer radical polymerization method
- RAFT method reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization reaction method
- ATRP method is a method of polymerizing the above acrylic monomer in the presence of, for example, a transition metal complex and an organic halide.
- transition metal constituting the transition metal complex for example, Cu, Ru, Fe, Rh, V, Ni, and halides thereof can be used.
- the ligand that coordinates to the transition metal include bipyridyl derivatives, mercaptan derivatives, trifluorate derivatives, tertiary alkylamine derivatives, and the like.
- the organic halide is a polymerization initiator, for example, methyl 2-bromo (or chloro) propionate, ethyl 2-bromo (or chloro) propionate, methyl 2-bromo (or chloro) -2-methylpropionate , 2-bromo (or chloro) -2-methylpropionic acid ethyl, 1-phenylethyl chloride (or bromide) chloride, 2-hydroxyethyl 2-bromo (or chloro) propionate, 2-bromo (or chloro) propionic acid 4 -Hydroxybutyl, 2-hydroxyethyl 2-bromo (or chloro) -2-methylpropionate, 4-hydroxybutyl 2-bromo (or chloro) -2-methylpropionate, and the like can be used.
- methyl 2-bromo (or chloro) propionate ethyl 2-bromo (or chloro) propionate
- the radical polymerization method mediated by an organic hetero compound is a method of polymerizing the above acrylic monomer in the presence of an organic hetero compound and a radical initiator.
- the radical polymerization method mediated by the organic hetero compound is preferable because the molecular weight of the acrylic copolymer is easily increased and the adhesive force is easily improved.
- organic hetero compound used in the radical polymerization method mediated by the organic hetero compound an organic tellurium compound, an organic ditelluride compound, an organic bismuth compound, and an organic antimony compound can be preferably used.
- organic hetero compounds include JP-A No. 2004-323893, WO 2004/14818, JP-A 2006-225524, JP-A 2006-299278, JP-A 2008-291216, JP-A 2009.
- Organic tellurium compounds organic ditelluride compounds disclosed in JP-A-1149877, etc., organic bismuth compounds disclosed in JP2009-149877, WO2006 / 62255, etc., JP2009-149877, WO2006 / 1396
- Well-known compounds such as organic antimony compounds disclosed in the above can be used as appropriate.
- methyl 2-methylterranyl-2-methylpropionate ethyl 2-methylterranyl-2-methylpropionate, ethyl 2-n-butyl-2-phenylterranylpropionate, 2-methyl-2- Ethyl phenylterranylpropionate, 2-methylterranylpropionitrile, 2-methyl-2-methylterranylpropionitrile, (methylterranyl-methyl) benzene, (1-methylterranyl-ethyl) benzene, (2-methylterranyl- Propyl) benzene, (1-phenylterranyl-ethyl) benzene, 2-methyl-2-n-butylterranyl-propionic acid ethyl, 2-methyl-2-dimethylbismutanylpropionic acid methyl ester, 2-methyl-2- Diphenylbismutanylpropionitrile, 2-methyl-2-di Tylphenylbismutanylpropionitrile, 2-methyl-2
- the acrylic polymer may be, for example, a poly (meta) composed of a homopolymer of the carboxyl precursor group-containing (meth) acrylate monomer by polymerizing the carboxyl precursor group-containing (meth) acrylate monomer by the radical polymerization method described above.
- Acrylate chain (A) is manufactured, then poly (meth) acrylate chain (B) is manufactured in the same manner as described above, and the poly (meth) acrylate chain (A) and (B) are converted into the above ( It can also be produced by combining them by a click reaction such as a cycloaddition reaction of an acetylene group and an azide group introduced into A) and (B), respectively.
- the acid generator used in the present invention is, for example, a photoacid generator that generates an acid capable of initiating cationic polymerization by irradiation with energy rays such as ultraviolet rays, or a thermal acid generator that generates an acid by heating or the like. is there.
- the photoacid generator can disassemble the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer suitably by two external stimuli of light and heat, but is easy when stored as a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition or when an article is fixed as a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape.
- it can be used preferably because it is difficult to decompose and disassemble and can maintain stable storage and adhesive properties.
- photoacid generator examples include N-hydroxynaphthalimide trifluoromethanesulfonate ester, N-hydroxynaphthalimidemethanesulfonate ester, N-hydroxynaphthalimidebenzenesulfonate ester, N-hydroxynaphthalimidetriflate, bis (cyclohexyl).
- These photoacid generators may be appropriately selected according to the intended use.
- these acid generators may lower the thermal decomposition temperature when mixed with a pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- acid generators such as N-hydroxynaphthalimide trifluoromethanesulfonate and bis (cyclohexylsulfonyl) diazomethane are generated. It is preferable to use an agent having a thermal decomposition temperature of about 150 ° C. or more in order to prevent acid from being generated due to the influence of heat during storage and the like, and disassembly of the adhesive composition to proceed.
- a photoacid generator that generates a gas by heating such as bis (cyclohexylsulfonyl) diazomethane is preferable because it can easily achieve a particularly high dismantling property by acid generation by light and gas generation by heating.
- photoacid generators having a light-absorbing structure such as a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring structure in the skeleton can realize suitable disassembly with less light irradiation time and less content. It is preferable because manufacturing costs and dismantling costs can be easily reduced.
- these photoacid generators that do not have a light-absorbing structure can be preferably used when stability against light irradiation is required.
- sulfonium salts As the thermal acid generator, sulfonium salts, benzothiazonium salts, ammonium salts, and phosphonium salts can be used.
- sulfonium salts For example, 4-acetoxyphenyldimethylsulfonium hexafluoroarsenate, benzyl-4-hydroxyphenylmethyl Sulfonium hexafluoroantimonate, 4-acetoxyphenylbenzylmethylsulfonium hexafluoroantimonate, dibenzyl-4-hydroxyphenylsulfonium hexafluoroantimonate, 4-acetoxyphenylbenzylsulfonium hexafluoroantimonate, and 3-benzylbenzothiazolium hexa It can be appropriately selected from fluoroantimonate and the like.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition of the present invention contains the acrylic polymer and an acid catalyst or an acid generator.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer formed from the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition can sufficiently exhibit the adhesive properties of the acrylic polymer when applied, and when disassembled, the acid layer can be oxidized by an external catalyst such as an acid catalyst or heating or light.
- an external catalyst such as an acid catalyst or heating or light.
- an acid generator that generates a carboxyl precursor group of the acrylic polymer side chain (preferably, a secondary or primary group to which a (meth) acryloyloxy group is bonded).
- (Tertiary carbon atom) is decomposed and the adhesive strength can be greatly reduced.
- disassembly can be easily performed at the adherend / adhesive layer interface or the adhesive layer / substrate interface.
- the content of the acid catalyst or acid generator in the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition may be adjusted as appropriate according to the type of acid catalyst or acid generator used and the desired dismantling property. ) It is preferably contained in an amount of 10 mol% or less, particularly preferably in the range of 1 to 10 mol%, relative to 1 mol of the carboxyl precursor group possessed by the acrylate.
- a photoacid generator when using a photoacid generator having a light-absorbing structure, it is preferably about 0.1 to 5 mol%, particularly preferably 0.1 to 3 mol%.
- a photoacid generator having no light-absorbing structure it is preferably about 3 to 10 mol%, particularly preferably 4 to 8 mol%.
- the acid catalyst or the acid generator is preferably contained in 15 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the acrylic polymer.
- the acid catalyst or the acid generator is preferably contained in 15 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the acrylic polymer.
- it is preferably about 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, preferably 0.2 to 3 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the acrylic polymer. Is particularly preferred.
- it is preferably about 5 to 15 parts by weight, particularly preferably 7 to 12 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the acrylic polymer. .
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition of the present invention is an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive composition containing an acrylic polymer as a main constituent, and is a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition containing only the above acrylic polymer as an acrylic polymer. Alternatively, it may be a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition further containing another acrylic polymer. Moreover, you may contain tackifying resin, a crosslinking agent, another additive, etc. as needed.
- a tackifying resin may be used in order to adjust the strong adhesion of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer obtained.
- the tackifying resin used in the present invention include rosin, polymerized rosin, polymerized rosin ester, rosin phenol, stabilized rosin ester, disproportionated rosin ester, terpene, terpene phenol, petroleum A resin system etc. can be illustrated.
- a solvent usually used for the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition can be used, and for example, toluene, xylene, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, hexane and the like can be used.
- water or the aqueous solvent which has water as a main can be used.
- Crosslinking agent In the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition of the present invention, it is also preferable to use a crosslinking agent for the purpose of improving the cohesive strength of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer obtained.
- the crosslinking agent include known isocyanate crosslinking agents, epoxy crosslinking agents, aziridine crosslinking agents, polyvalent metal salt crosslinking agents, metal chelate crosslinking agents, keto-hydrazide crosslinking agents, oxazoline crosslinking agents, and carbodiimide crosslinking agents.
- a crosslinking agent, a silane crosslinking agent, a glycidyl (alkoxy) epoxysilane crosslinking agent, or the like can be used.
- a base such as aqueous ammonia
- an acid such as aqueous ammonia
- a foaming agent for adjusting pH within a range that does not impair the desired effect of the present invention as necessary.
- Softeners, antioxidants, fillers such as glass and plastic fibers, balloons, beads, metal powders, colorants such as pigments and dyes, pH adjusters, film formation aids, leveling agents, thickeners, Known materials such as water repellents and antifoaming agents can be optionally added to the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition.
- the foaming agent can be used for proceeding with the disassembly of the pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- an inorganic foaming agent, an organic foaming agent, a thermally expandable hollow sphere, and the like that expand by volume when heated can be used.
- the easily disassembleable pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of the present invention is a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape having a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer made of the above pressure-sensitive adhesive composition.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer may be a single-layer pressure-sensitive adhesive layer or may be formed by laminating a plurality of pressure-sensitive adhesive layers.
- the form of the adhesive tape which consists only of an adhesive layer which does not have a base material may be sufficient.
- the form of the double-sided adhesive tape which has an adhesive layer on both surfaces of a base material may be sufficient.
- a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape or a double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape consisting only of a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer can be suitably used.
- the base material examples include plastics made of polyolefin (eg, polypropylene, polyethylene), polyester (eg, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate), polystyrene, ABS, polycarbonate, polyimide film, polyvinyl chloride, nylon, polyvinyl alcohol, and the like.
- Non-woven fabrics made of film, pulp, rayon, Manila hemp, acrylonitrile, nylon, polyester, etc., paper, cloth, metal foil, etc. can be used, and it is easy to achieve both removability and adhesiveness. Can be suitably used.
- corona treatment, plasma treatment, anchor coating treatment, or the like may be performed on one or both surfaces of the substrate.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition is directly applied to the base material using a roll coater, a die coater, or the like, and then a separator is pasted through a drying step. It can be produced by a direct coating method or a transfer method in which a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition is once coated on a separator and dried, and then transferred to a substrate. When it does not have a base material, it can manufacture by the method of coating an adhesive composition on a separator and bonding another separator.
- the easily disassembleable pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of the present invention is formed by applying and drying the above easily disassembleable pressure-sensitive adhesive composition onto a PET film having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m using an applicator having a gap of 8 milli-inch.
- a hand roller of 2 kg in weight is reciprocated once on a SUS plate, left to stand for 1 hour, and then at a speed of 30 mm / min using a tensile tester in the 180 ° direction.
- the adhesive strength when peeled off is preferably 1 N / 20 mm or more, more preferably 2 to 30 N / 20 mm, and particularly preferably 3 to 20 N / 20 mm.
- the easily disassembleable pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of the present invention can realize suitable dismantling properties even with high adhesive force suitable for fixing between parts.
- the easy-to-disassemble adhesive tape of the present invention can be well peeled off by external stimulation by heat or light when it is attached to the object to be adhered or fixed between parts, and when disassembling and peeling off.
- the external stimulus of heat and light may be appropriately adjusted depending on the acid catalyst or acid generator used, but it can be peeled off under conditions of heat and light that do not occur in the normal use mode at the time of application. Is preferred.
- the easily disassembleable pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of the present invention contains an acid catalyst
- the elimination of the carboxyl precursor group is promoted by heating, and the acid is suitably contained in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer by increasing the fluidity of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.
- the adhesive tape can be suitably disassembled.
- an acid generator that generates an acid by heat or light is contained, the acid is generated by light irradiation or heating, and the adhesive tape can be suitably disassembled, but it is necessary in the presence of the acid. Accordingly, by further heating or the like, the pressure-sensitive adhesive tape can be more suitably disassembled by further promoting the elimination reaction of the carboxyl precursor group or by diffusing the acid due to the increase in fluidity of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.
- a photoacid generator is used, and an acid capable of disassembling the pressure-sensitive adhesive is generated by irradiating light such as ultraviolet rays, and then heated to efficiently disassemble the pressure-sensitive adhesive. It is preferable to proceed.
- the intensity of light such as ultraviolet rays may be higher than the energy at which the photoacid generator used preferably generates acid, and the heating temperature may be higher than the temperature at which the thermal acid generator suitably generates acid.
- the heating temperature in the presence of acid increases the fluidity of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer based on the glass transition temperature of the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition, and promotes the temperature at which acid can be effectively diffused and the elimination reaction of carboxyl precursor groups.
- the temperature may be adjusted at a temperature at which side chain decomposition can be performed efficiently.
- the easily disassembleable pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of the present invention has good adhesiveness for fixing between parts, particularly excellent high-temperature adhesiveness.
- it has removability that can be easily disassembled by external stimuli such as heat and light when the bonding process is inadequate in the work process or when the members are separated during recycling. For this reason, it can be suitably used as an adhesive tape for fixing parts between various products in industrial applications such as automobiles, building materials, OA, and home appliance industries.
- the polymerization solution was poured into methanol: water (80:20 volume fraction) to precipitate the polymer, and the supernatant was removed by decantation.
- the resulting precipitate was dissolved in 50 mL of chloroform and poured into methanol: water (80:20 volume fraction) to reprecipitate the polymer.
- the polymerization rate of t-butyl acrylate was 91%
- the polymerization rate of n-butyl acrylate was 90%
- the polymerization degree of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate was 90%.
- the polymerization solution was poured into methanol: water (80:20 volume fraction) to precipitate the polymer, and the supernatant was removed by decantation.
- the resulting precipitate was dissolved in 50 mL of chloroform and poured into methanol: water (80:20 volume fraction) to reprecipitate the polymer. After removing the supernatant liquid by decantation, it was vacuum dried at 40 ° C.
- the polymerization rate of t-butyl acrylate was 49%, the polymerization rate of n-butyl acrylate was 45%, and the polymerization rate of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate was 62%.
- the polymerization solution was diluted with 20 mL of chloroform, poured into methanol: water (80:20 volume fraction) to precipitate the polymer, and the supernatant was removed by decantation. The resulting precipitate was dissolved in 50 mL of chloroform and poured into methanol: water (80:20 volume fraction) to reprecipitate the polymer.
- the polymerization rate of t-butyl acrylate was 75%
- the polymerization rate of n-butyl acrylate was 41%
- the polymerization rate of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate was 48%.
- the polymerization solution was poured into methanol: water (80:20 volume fraction) to precipitate the polymer, and the supernatant was removed by decantation.
- the resulting precipitate was dissolved in 50 mL of chloroform and poured into methanol: water (80:20 volume fraction) to reprecipitate the polymer. After removing the supernatant by decantation, it is vacuum-dried at 40 ° C.
- Example 1 N-hydroxynaphthalimide triflate (NIT) as a photoacid generator was added to the t-butyl group in the acrylic block copolymer (1) to the acrylic random copolymer (1) obtained in Production Example 1 above. On the other hand, 0.4 mol% was added and diluted with acetone to obtain a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition comprising a 15 wt% acetone solution. The obtained adhesive composition was applied onto a PET film having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m using an applicator with a gap of 8 milli-inch, and dried under reduced pressure for 12 hours to prepare an adhesive sheet. The prepared adhesive sheet was evaluated for disassembly according to the following disassembly test. The obtained results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.
- Example 2 A pressure-sensitive adhesive composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the acrylic block copolymer (1) obtained in Production Example 2 was used instead of the acrylic random copolymer (1). did. About the obtained adhesive composition, it carried out similarly to Example 1, created the adhesive sheet, and evaluated disassembly property. The obtained results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.
- Example 3 A pressure-sensitive adhesive composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the acrylic random copolymer (3) obtained in Production Example 4 was used instead of the acrylic block copolymer (1). did. About the obtained adhesive composition, the adhesive sheet was created like Example 1, and disassembly property and adhesiveness were evaluated. The obtained results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.
- Example 1 A pressure-sensitive adhesive composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the random copolymer (2) obtained in Production Example 3 was used instead of the acrylic random copolymer (1). About the obtained adhesive composition, it carried out similarly to Example 1, and measured 180 degree peel strength. The obtained results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.
- Example 4 A pressure-sensitive adhesive composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the acrylic block copolymer (2) obtained in Production Example 5 was used instead of the acrylic random copolymer (1). did. About the obtained adhesive composition, the adhesive sheet was created like Example 1, and disassembly property and adhesiveness were evaluated. The obtained results are shown in Table 2 and FIG.
- Example 2 A pressure-sensitive adhesive composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the acrylic block copolymer (3) obtained in Production Example 6 was used instead of the acrylic random copolymer (1). did. About the obtained adhesive composition, the adhesive sheet was created like Example 1, and disassembly property and adhesiveness were evaluated. The obtained results are shown in Table 2 and FIG.
- One of the pressure-bonded test pieces was allowed to stand for 30 minutes in an environment of 23 ° C. and 50%, heated at 100 ° C. for 1 hour, and then allowed to cool to 23 ° C. (about 30 minutes) (heating).
- One of the pressure-bonded test pieces was allowed to stand for 30 minutes in an environment of 23 ° C. and 50%, then irradiated with ultraviolet rays for 1 hour at room temperature, and further allowed to stand for 30 minutes (UV irradiation).
- One of the pressure-bonded test pieces was allowed to stand for 30 minutes in an environment of 23 ° C. and 50%, irradiated with ultraviolet rays for 1 hour, heated at 100 ° C. for 1 hour, and allowed to cool to 23 ° C. (about 30 minutes). (UV ⁇ heating).
- the table shows the average peel strength measured at a peel distance of 30 to 120 mm.
- a Toshiba physics and chemistry mercury lamp “SHL-100UVQ-2” 75 W was used as the light source, the distance between the light source and the sample was 10 cm, and the sample was irradiated after 15 minutes had elapsed since the lamp was lit. .
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheets obtained in Example 4 and Comparative Example 2 were cut into strips having a width of 20 mm and a length of 175 mm, and a SUS plate having a width of 50 mm, a length of 150 mm, and a thickness of 0.5 mm was placed at 23 ° C. and 50 ° C. Under a% RH environment, a hand roller having a weight of 2 kg was reciprocated once and pressed to prepare two similar test pieces. One of the pressure-bonded test pieces was left to stand in an environment of 23 ° C. and 50% RH for 1 hour, and then peeled off at a rate of 30 mm / min using a tensile tester, and the 180 ° peel strength was measured (initial). .
- One of the pressure-bonded test pieces was allowed to stand in an environment of 23 ° C. and 50% RH for 30 minutes, irradiated with ultraviolet rays for 1 hour, heated at 100 ° C. for 1 hour, and allowed to cool to 23 ° C. (about 30 minutes) ) (UV ⁇ heating). About these test pieces, it peeled off at the speed
- the light source used for the ultraviolet irradiation was the same light source as described above.
- ⁇ Adhesion test> Cut the adhesive sheet into strips with a width of 20 mm and a length of 175 mm, and put a hand roller with a weight of 2 kg on a SUS plate with a width of 50 mm, a length of 150 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm in an environment of 23 ° C. and 50%.
- Two similar test pieces were prepared by reciprocating and crimping.
- One of the pressure-bonded test pieces was allowed to stand for 1 hour in an environment of 23 ° C. and 50%, and then peeled off at a rate of 300 mm / min using a tensile tester, and the 180 ° peel strength was measured (23 ° C.).
- One of the bonded test pieces was left to stand at 23 ° C. and 50% environment for 1 hour, then left to stand at 70 ° C. for 10 minutes, and peeled off at a rate of 300 mm / min using a tensile tester. 180 ° peel strength was measured (70 ° C.
- each component in the acrylic polymer in the table represents the molar ratio. Abbreviations in the table are as follows. In the item of adhesive strength (CF), it indicates that cohesive failure of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer occurred during peeling.
- CF adhesive strength
- tBA t-butyl acrylate forming poly t-butyl acrylate chain
- co-tBA t-butyl acrylate contained in polyacrylate chain composed of other copolymerization components copolymerized with poly t-butyl acrylate chain
- nBA n -Butyl acrylate
- HEA 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate
- 2EHA 2-ethylhexyl acrylate
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive compositions of the present invention of Examples 1 to 4 had suitable adhesion and disassembly properties, and were particularly excellent in adhesion at high temperatures.
- the adhesive layer did not cause cohesive failure even during disassembly, and easily peeled off at the interface.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive compositions of Examples 1, 2, and 4 did not cause stick slip even when peeled during disassembly, and had particularly suitable dismantling properties.
- the cohesive failure was seen in the adhesive composition of Example 3 in a very small part of the peeling distance, it peeled at the interface in almost the entire region.
- the easily disassembleable pressure-sensitive adhesive composition of the present invention it is possible to disassemble easily without any adhesive residue by simple means such as heat and light during disassembly without reducing the good adhesive properties of the acrylic polymer. Can do.
- the adhesive layer easily peels off at the time of disassembly from the adherend of the adhesive tape and the adhesive layer from the base material at the time of disassembly, so the adhesive to the adherend and base material The layer does not easily remain, and the workability during disassembly is also good. Therefore, it is suitable for OA equipment, IT / household appliances, automobiles, etc. used for recycling and reuse, for parts fixing, parts temporarily fixing, labels for displaying product information, etc. And can be easily disassembled by simple heating equipment, energy beam irradiation equipment, etc. during disassembly.
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Abstract
Description
(1)アクリル系重合体、および、酸触媒又は酸発生剤を含有する粘着剤組成物であって、前記アクリル系重合体が、カルボキシル前駆基含有(メタ)アクリレートモノマー、n-ブチルアクリレート及び極性基含有モノマーをモノマー成分として含有するアクリル系重合体であり、前記極性基含有モノマーの含有量が、前記アクリル系重合体を形成する全モノマー成分中の5~30質量%であることを特徴とする易解体性粘着剤組成物。
(2)前記カルボキシル前駆基含有(メタ)アクリレートモノマーが、tert-ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-メチル-2-アダマンチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-エチル-2-アダマンチル(メタ)アクリレート、ボルニル(メタ)アクリレート、イソボルニル(メタ)アクリレート、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、及びベンジル(メタ)アクリレートからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一種である前記(1)に記載の易解体性粘着剤組成物。
(3)前記極性基含有モノマーが、水酸基含有ビニルモノマーである前記(1)又は(2)に記載の易解体性粘着剤組成物。
(4)前記カルボキシル前駆基含有(メタ)アクリレートモノマーの含有量が、前記アクリル系重合体を形成する全モノマー成分中の1~75質量%である前記(1)~(3)のいずれか一項に記載の易解体性粘着剤組成物。
(5)前記アクリル系重合体が、前記カルボキシル前駆基含有(メタ)アクリレートモノマーからなるポリ(メタ)アクリレート鎖(A)と、前記n-ブチルアクリレート及び前記極性基含有モノマーをモノマー成分として含有するポリ(メタ)アクリレート鎖(B)とを有するアクリル系ブロック重合体である前記(1)~(4)のいずれか一項に記載の易解体性粘着剤組成物。
(6)前記(1)~(5)のいずれか一項に記載の粘着剤組成物からなる粘着剤層を有する易解体性粘着テープ。
本発明の易解体性粘着剤組成物に使用するアクリル系重合体は、カルボキシル前駆基含有(メタ)アクリレートモノマー、n-ブチルアクリレート及び極性基含有モノマーをモノマー成分として含有するアクリル系重合体であり、極性基含有モノマーの含有量が、アクリル系重合体を形成する全モノマー成分中の5~30質量%のアクリル系重合体である。
当該アクリル系重合体は、(メタ)アクリレートモノマー由来のカルボキシル前駆基を側鎖に有し、カルボキシル前駆基は、酸触媒や粘着剤層外部からの光や熱により酸を発生する酸発生剤の酸成分によりカルボキシル基に変換され、(メタ)アクリル酸となる。当該(メタ)アクリル酸は、粘着剤層の凝集力を高くし、また(メタ)アクリル酸生成時に発泡を生じるため、粘着剤層の粘着性を低減させることから、外部刺激により生じた酸成分により側鎖が分解することで、粘着剤層の剥離性が向上し、良好に解体することが可能となる。
極性基含有モノマーとしては、水酸基、カルボキシル基、アミノ基、イミノ基又はアミド基等の極性基を有するビニルモノマーを例示でき、これらモノマーは、分子間相互作用により、接着性や解体時の粘着剤層の凝集力の向上に寄与しやすいため好ましい。なかでも水素結合を形成できる極性基含有ビニルモノマーを好ましく使用でき、水酸基含有ビニルモノマーは、接着性の向上や、接着後の粘着剤層の経時安定性に優れ、また解体時には粘着剤層の凝集力を確保しやすいことから被着体/粘着剤層界面や粘着剤層/基材界面での解体に寄与し、好適な解体性を得やすいため特に好ましい。
また、極性基含有モノマー(好ましくは、極性基含有ビニルモノマー)の含有量としては、アクリル系重合体を構成する全モノマー成分中の5~30質量%、好ましくは8~25質量%、より好ましくは10~20質量%使用することで、高い接着力であっても良好に解体でき、また被着体/粘着剤層界面や粘着剤層/基材界面にて好適な解体性を実現できる。
本発明に使用する酸触媒としては、例えばp-トルエンスルホン酸やベンゼンスルホン酸等の芳香族スルホン酸、脂肪族スルホン酸などの有機酸や、塩酸や硫酸等の無機酸、及び、それらの水和物等から適宜選択して使用することができる。
本発明の粘着剤組成物は、上記アクリル系重合体と、酸触媒又は酸発生剤を含有する。当該粘着剤組成物により形成される粘着剤層は、貼付け時には、アクリル系重合体の粘着特性を十分に発現でき、解体を行う際には、酸触媒や、加熱や光等の外部刺激により酸を発生する酸発生剤の存在下で、加熱や光照射を行うことにより、前記アクリル系重合体側鎖のカルボキシル前駆基(好ましくは、(メタ)アクリロイルオキシ基が結合している第二級又は第三級炭素原子)が分解され、粘着力を大きく低減できる。更に、好適な解体性により、被着体/粘着剤層界面や粘着剤層/基材界面で容易に解体可能となる。
本発明の粘着剤組成物においては、得られる粘着剤層の強接着性を調整するために粘着付与樹脂を使用しても良い。本発明に使用する粘着付与樹脂としては、例えば、ロジン系、重合ロジン系、重合ロジンエステル系、ロジンフェノール系、安定化ロジンエステル系、不均化ロジンエステル系、テルペン系、テルペンフェノール系、石油樹脂系等が例示できる。
本発明の粘着剤組成物においては、粘着剤組成物に通常使用される溶媒を使用でき、例えば、トルエン、キシレン、酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、ヘキサン等を使用できる。また、水系粘着剤組成物とする場合には、水又は、水を主体とする水性溶媒を使用できる。
本発明の粘着剤組成物においては、得られる粘着剤層の凝集力を向上させる目的で、架橋剤を使用することも好ましい。架橋剤としては、公知のイソシアネート系架橋剤、エポキシ系架橋剤、アジリジン系架橋剤、多価金属塩系架橋剤、金属キレート系架橋剤、ケト・ヒドラジド系架橋剤、オキサゾリン系架橋剤、カルボジイミド系架橋剤、シラン系架橋剤、グリシジル(アルコキシ)エポキシシラン系架橋剤等が使用できる。
本発明の粘着剤組成物においては、添加剤として、必要に応じて本発明の所望の効果を阻害しない範囲で、pHを調整するための塩基(アンモニア水など)や酸、発泡剤、可塑剤、軟化剤、酸化防止剤、ガラスやプラスチック製の繊維・バルーン・ビーズ・金属粉末等の充填剤、顔料・染料等の着色剤、pH調整剤、皮膜形成補助剤、レベリング剤、増粘剤、撥水剤、消泡剤等の公知のものを粘着剤組成物に任意で添加することができる。
前記発泡剤は、粘着剤の解体を進行するうえで使用することができ、例えば加熱することにより体積膨張する、無機発泡剤、有機発泡剤及び熱膨張性中空球体等を使用することができる。
本発明の易解体性粘着テープは、上記の粘着剤組成物からなる粘着剤層を有する粘着テープである。粘着剤層は単層の粘着剤の層であっても良く、複数の粘着剤の層が積層されてなるものであってもよい。また、基材を有する粘着テープであっても、基材を有さない粘着剤層のみからなる粘着テープの形態であってもよい。また、基材の片面にのみ粘着剤層を有する形態であっても、基材の両面に粘着剤層を有する両面粘着テープの形態であってもよい。二以上の部材固定用途においては、粘着剤層のみからなる粘着テープや両面粘着テープが好適に使用できる。
また、基材と粘着剤層との密着性を向上させることを目的に、基材の片面または両面に、コロナ処理、プラズマ処理、アンカーコート処理等を施しても良い。
本発明の易解体性粘着テープは、貼付け時には良好に被着対象への接着や、部品間固定がなされ、解体、剥離を行う際には、熱や光による外部刺激により良好に剥離が可能となる。熱や光の外部刺激は、使用する酸触媒又は酸発生剤により適宜調整されれば良いが、貼付け時の通常の使用態様において発生しない温度や強度の熱、光条件にて剥離可能となることが好ましい。
2,2’-アゾビス(4-メトキシー2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)(AMVN)0.96mg、t-ブチルアクリレート1.89g、n-ブチルアクリレート3.11g、2-ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート0.65gおよび酢酸エチル5.65gの混合溶液を試験管に入れ、30分間のアルゴンガスバブリングにより脱気した。有機モノテルル化合物3.56μLを、マイクロシリンジを用いて試験管に添加し、50℃のオイルバスで4時間反応させた。1H-NMR(300MHz)分析より、t-ブチルアクリレートの重合率は77%、n-ブチルアクリレートの重合率は76%、2-ヒドロキシエチルアクリレートの重合度は79%であった。反応終了後、重合溶液をメタノール:水(80:20体積分率)中に注ぎポリマーを沈澱させ、デカンテーションにより上澄み液を除去した。得られた沈澱をクロロホルム50mLに溶解し、メタノール:水(80:20体積分率)中に注ぎポリマーを再沈澱させた。デカンテーションにより上澄み液を除去した後、減圧下40℃で10時間真空乾燥し、アクリル系ランダム共重合体(1)を得た。GPC分析より、Mn=253,400、Mw=475,000、PD=1.88であった。共重合体中の構成成分の質量比は、tBA/nBA/HEA=33.5/53.7/12.8、であった。
ポリt-ブチルアクリレート(1)の合成:2,2’-アゾビス(4-メトキシー2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)(AMVN)1.21mg、t-ブチルアクリレート1.33gおよび酢酸エチル2.66gの混合溶液を試験管に入れ、30分間のアルゴンガスバブリングにより脱気した。有機モノテルル化合物4.49μLを、マイクロシリンジを用いて試験管に添加し、50℃のオイルバスで2時間反応させて、ポリt-ブチルアクリレート(1)の反応溶液を得た。1H-NMR(300MHz)分析より、重合率は79%であった。またGPC分析より、Mn=73,800、PD=1.26であった。
アクリル系ブロック共重合体(1)の合成:上記で得られたポリt-ブチルアクリレート(1)の反応溶液に、あらかじめ30分間のアルゴンガスバブリングを行ったn-ブチルアクリレート5.90gおよび2-ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート1.16gの混合溶液を添加し、50℃で3時間反応させた。1H-NMR(300MHz)分析より、t-ブチルアクリレートの重合率は90%、2-エチルヘキシルアクリレートの重合率は42%、n-ブチルアクリレートの重合率は49%であった。
反応終了後、重合溶液をメタノール:水(80:20体積分率)中に注ぎポリマーを沈澱させ、デカンテーションにより上澄み液を除去した。得られた沈澱をクロロホルム50mLに溶解し、メタノール:水(80:20体積分率)中に注ぎポリマーを再沈澱させた。デカンテーションにより上澄み液を除去した後、減圧下40℃で10時間真空乾燥し、アクリル系ブロック共重合体(1)を得た。GPC分析より、Mn=266,300、Mw=570,000、PD=2.14であった。共重合体中の構成成分の質量比は、tBA/nBA/HEA=33.2/53.1/13.7、であった。
2,2’-アゾビス(4-メトキシー2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)(AMVN)1.23mg、t-ブチルアクリレート1.89g、n-ブチルアクリレート3.29g、2-ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート0.16gおよび酢酸エチル2.05gの混合溶液を試験管に入れ、30分間のアルゴンガスバブリングにより脱気した。有機モノテルル化合物4.55μLを、マイクロシリンジを用いて試験管に添加し、50℃のオイルバスで5時間反応させた。1H-NMR(300MHz)分析より、t-ブチルアクリレートの重合率は91%、n-ブチルアクリレートの重合率は90%、2-ヒドロキシエチルアクリレートの重合度は90%であった。反応終了後、重合溶液をメタノール:水(80:20体積分率)中に注ぎポリマーを沈澱させ、デカンテーションにより上澄み液を除去した。得られた沈澱をクロロホルム50mLに溶解し、メタノール:水(80:20体積分率)中に注ぎポリマーを再沈澱させた。デカンテーションにより上澄み液を除去した後、減圧下40℃で10時間真空乾燥し、アクリル系ランダム共重合体(2)を得た。GPC分析より、Mn=277,100、Mw=463,000、PD=1.67であった。共重合体中の構成成分の質量比は、tBA/nBA/HEA=33.6/61.1/3.4、であった。
2,2’-アゾビス(イソブチロニトリル)(AIBN)4.47mg、t-ブチルアクリレート(tBA)1.15g、n-ブチルアクリレート(nBA)1.92g、2-ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート(HEA)0.38gおよびトルエン6.90gの混合溶液を試験管に入れ、30分間のアルゴンガスバブリングにより脱気した後、60℃のオイルバスで3時間反応させた。1H-NMR(300MHz)分析より、t-ブチルアクリレートの重合率は49%、n-ブチルアクリレートの重合率は45%、2-ヒドロキシエチルアクリレートの重合率は62%であった。
反応終了後、重合溶液をクロロホルム20mLで希釈し、メタノール:水(80:20体積分率)中に注ぎポリマーを沈澱させ、デカンテーションにより上澄み液を除去した。得られた沈澱をクロロホルム50mLに溶解し、メタノール:水(80:20体積分率)中に注ぎポリマーを再沈澱させた。デカンテーションにより上澄み液を除去した後、減圧下40℃で10時間真空乾燥し、アクリル系ランダム共重合体(3)を得た。GPC分析より、Mn=209,400、PD=2.10であった。共重合体中の構成成分の質量比は、tBA/2nBA/HEA=33.1/51.6/15.3、であった。
ポリt-ブチルアクリレート(2)の合成:2,2’-アゾビス(4-メトキシ-2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)(AMVN)0.76mg、t-ブチルアクリレート(tBA)1.32gおよび酢酸エチル2.63gの混合溶液を試験管に入れ、30分間のアルゴンガスバブリングにより脱気した。有機モノテルル化合物2.80μLを、マイクロシリンジを用いて試験管に添加し、50℃のオイルバスで2時間反応させて、ポリt-ブチルアクリレート(2)の反応溶液を得た。1H-NMR(300MHz)分析より、重合率は63%であった。またGPC分析より、Mn=55,700、PD=1.31であった。
アクリル系ブロック共重合体(2)の合成:上記で得られたポリt-ブチルアクリレート(2)の反応溶液に、あらかじめ30分間のアルゴンガスバブリングを行ったn-ブチルアクリレート(nBA)4.86gおよび2-ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート(HEA)0.61gの混合溶液を添加し、50℃で5時間反応させた。1H-NMR(300MHz)分析より、t-ブチルアクリレートの重合率は75%、n-ブチルアクリレートの重合率は41%、2-ヒドロキシエチルアクリレートの重合率は48%であった。
反応終了後、重合溶液をメタノール:水(80:20体積分率)中に注ぎポリマーを沈澱させ、デカンテーションにより上澄み液を除去した。得られた沈澱をクロロホルム50mLに溶解し、メタノール:水(80:20体積分率)中に注ぎポリマーを再沈澱させた。デカンテーションにより上澄み液を除去した後、減圧下40℃で10時間真空乾燥し、ポリt-ブチルアクリレート鎖と、他の共重合成分からなるポリアクリレート鎖からなるアクリル系ブロック共重合体(2)を得た。GPC分析より、Mn=190,000、Mw=304,000、PD=1.60であった。共重合体中の構成成分の質量比は、tBA/nBA/HEA=28.2/61.4/10.4、であった。
ポリt-ブチルアクリレート(3)の合成:2,2’-アゾビス(4-メトキシ-2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)(AMVN)0.93mg、t-ブチルアクリレート1.71gおよび酢酸エチル3.42gの混合溶液を試験管に入れ、30分間のアルゴンガスバブリングにより脱気した。有機モノテルル化合物3.43μLを、マイクロシリンジを用いて試験管に添加し、50℃のオイルバスで2時間反応させて、ポリt-ブチルアクリレート(3)の反応溶液を得た。1H-NMR(300MHz)分析より、重合率は76%であった。またGPC分析より、Mn=93,200、PD=1.30であった。
アクリル系ブロック共重合体(3)の合成:上記で得られたポリt-ブチルアクリレート(3)の反応溶液に、あらかじめ30分間のアルゴンガスバブリングを行った2-エチルヘキシルアクリレート(2EHA)5.66g、2-ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート0.23gを添加し、50℃で4時間反応させた。1H-NMR(300MHz)分析より、t-ブチルアクリレートの重合率は87%、2-エチルヘキシルアクリレートの重合率は46%、2-ヒドロキシエチルアクリレートの重合率は52%であった。
反応終了後、重合溶液をメタノール:水(80:20体積分率)中に注ぎポリマーを沈澱させ、デカンテーションにより上澄み液を除去した。得られた沈澱をクロロホルム50mLに溶解し、メタノール:水(80:20体積分率)中に注ぎポリマーを再沈澱させた。デカンテーションにより上澄み液を除去した後、減圧下40℃で10時間真空乾燥し、アクリル系ブロック共重合体(3)を得た。GPC分析より、Mn=257,800、Mw=383,000、PD=1.49であった。共重合体中の構成成分の質量比は、tBA/2EHA/HEA=35.3/61.5/3.2、であった。
上記製造例1にて得られたアクリル系ランダム共重合体(1)に光酸発生剤としてN-ヒドロキシナフタルイミドトリフラート(NIT)をアクリル系ブロック共重合体(1)中のt-ブチル基に対して0.4mol%加え、アセトンで希釈して15重量%アセトン溶液からなる粘着剤組成物を得た。得られた粘着剤組成物をギャップ8milli-inchのアプリケータを使用して、厚さが50μmのPETフィルム上に塗布し、12時間減圧乾燥して粘着シートを作成した。作成した粘着シートを、下記解体性試験にしたがって解体性を評価した。得られた結果を表1及び図1に示した。
アクリル系ランダム共重合体(1)に代えて、上記製造例2にて得られたアクリル系ブロック共重合体(1)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして粘着剤組成物を作成した。得られた粘着剤組成物について、実施例1と同様にして粘着シートを作成し、解体性を評価した。得られた結果を表1及び図2に示した。
アクリル系ブロック共重合体(1)に代えて、上記製造例4にて得られたアクリル系ランダム共重合体(3)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして粘着剤組成物を作成した。得られた粘着剤組成物について、実施例1と同様にして粘着シートを作成し、解体性及び接着性を評価した。得られた結果を表1及び図3に示した。
アクリル系ランダム共重合体(1)に代えて、上記製造例3にて得られたランダム共重合体(2)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして粘着剤組成物を作成した。得られた粘着剤組成物について、実施例1と同様にして180°剥離強度を測定した。得られた結果を表1及び図4に示した。
アクリル系ランダム共重合体(1)に代えて、上記製造例5にて得られたアクリル系ブロック共重合体(2)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして粘着剤組成物を作成した。得られた粘着剤組成物について、実施例1と同様にして粘着シートを作成し、解体性及び接着性を評価した。得られた結果を表2及び図5に示した。
アクリル系ランダム共重合体(1)に代えて、上記製造例6にて得られたアクリル系ブロック共重合体(3)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして粘着剤組成物を作成した。得られた粘着剤組成物について、実施例1と同様にして粘着シートを作成し、解体性及び接着性を評価した。得られた結果を表2及び図6に示した。
実施例1~3及び比較例1にて得られた粘着シートを幅20mm、長さ175mmの短冊状に切断し、幅50mm、長さ150mm、厚さ0.5mmのSUS板上に、23℃50%環境下で、重さ2kgのハンドローラーを1往復させて圧着して、同様の試験片を4個作成した。
圧着した試験片のうち1個は、23℃50%環境下で1時間静置した後、引っ張り試験器を用いて30mm/分の速度で引き剥がし、180°剥離強度を測定した(初期)。
圧着した試験片のうち1個は、23℃50%環境下で30分静置後、100℃で1時間加熱した後23℃下まで放冷した(約30分)(加熱)。
圧着した試験片のうち1個は、23℃50%環境下で30分静置後、室温で紫外線を1時間照射し、さらに30分静置した(UV照射)。
圧着した試験片のうち1個は、23℃50%環境下で30分静置後紫外線を1時間照射した後、100℃で1時間加熱し、23℃下まで放冷した(約30分)(UV→加熱)。
これらの試験片について、引っ張り試験器を用いて30mm/分の速度で引き剥がし、180°剥離強度を測定した。表中には剥離距離30~120mmにて測定された剥離強度の平均値を示した。
なお、紫外線照射は、光源として東芝理化学用水銀ランプ「SHL-100UVQ-2」(75W)を使用し、光源と試料の距離を10cmとして、ランプ点灯後15分以上経過してから試料に照射した。
圧着した試験片のうち1個は、23℃50%RH環境下で1時間静置した後、引っ張り試験器を用いて30mm/分の速度で引き剥がし、180°剥離強度を測定した(初期)。
圧着した試験片のうち1個は、23℃50%RH環境下で30分静置後、紫外線を1時間照射した後、100℃で1時間加熱し、23℃まで放冷した(約30分)(UV→加熱)。
これらの試験片について、引っ張り試験器を用いて30mm/分の速度で引き剥がし、180°剥離強度を測定した。表中には、剥離距離30~120mmにて測定された剥離強度の平均値を示し、スティックスリップを示したものは、その振幅を示した。
なお、紫外線照射に用いた光源は、上記と同様の光源を用いた。
粘着シートを幅20mm、長さ175mmの短冊状に切断し、幅50mm、長さ150mm、厚さ0.5mmのSUS板上に、23℃50%環境下で、重さ2kgのハンドローラーを1往復させて圧着して、同様の試験片を2個作成した。
圧着した試験片のうち1個は、23℃50%環境下で1時間静置した後、引っ張り試験器を用いて300mm/分の速度で引き剥がし、180°剥離強度を測定した(23℃)。
圧着した試験片のうち1個は、23℃50%環境下で1時間静置した後、70℃環境下で10分間静置し、引っ張り試験器を用いて300mm/分の速度で引き剥がし、180°剥離強度を測定した(70℃)。
tBA:ポリt-ブチルアクリレート鎖を形成するt-ブチルアクリレート
co-tBA:ポリt-ブチルアクリレート鎖と共重合される他の共重合成分からなるポリアクリレート鎖に含まれるt-ブチルアクリレート
nBA:n-ブチルアクリレート
HEA:2-ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート
2EHA:2-エチルヘキシルアクリレート
Claims (6)
- アクリル系重合体、および、酸触媒又は酸発生剤を含有する粘着剤組成物であって、
前記アクリル系重合体が、カルボキシル前駆基含有(メタ)アクリレートモノマー、n-ブチルアクリレート及び極性基含有モノマーをモノマー成分として含有するアクリル系重合体であり、
前記極性基含有モノマーの含有量が、前記アクリル系重合体を形成する全モノマー成分中の5~30質量%であることを特徴とする易解体性粘着剤組成物。 - 前記カルボキシル前駆基含有(メタ)アクリレートモノマーが、tert-ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-メチル-2-アダマンチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-エチル-2-アダマンチル(メタ)アクリレート、ボルニル(メタ)アクリレート、イソボルニル(メタ)アクリレート、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、及びベンジル(メタ)アクリレートからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一種である請求項1に記載の易解体性粘着剤組成物。
- 前記極性基含有モノマーが、水酸基含有ビニルモノマーである請求項1又は2に記載の易解体性粘着剤組成物。
- 前記カルボキシル前駆基含有(メタ)アクリレートモノマーの含有量が、前記アクリル系重合体を形成する全モノマー成分中の1~75質量%である請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の易解体性粘着剤組成物。
- 前記アクリル系重合体が、前記カルボキシル前駆基含有(メタ)アクリレートモノマーからなるポリ(メタ)アクリレート鎖(A)と、前記n-ブチルアクリレート及び前記極性基含有モノマーをモノマー成分として含有するポリ(メタ)アクリレート鎖(B)とを有するアクリル系ブロック重合体である請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の易解体性粘着剤組成物。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の粘着剤組成物からなる粘着剤層を有する易解体性粘着テープ。
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WO2019188819A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-26 | 2019-10-03 | リンテック株式会社 | 粘着剤組成物、粘着シートおよび加工物の製造方法 |
JP2019210405A (ja) * | 2018-06-06 | 2019-12-12 | 公立大学法人大阪 | 易解体性アクリル系粘着剤及び一対の部材の分離方法 |
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JPWO2012165619A1 (ja) | 2015-02-23 |
CN103608420B (zh) | 2016-04-20 |
US9206340B2 (en) | 2015-12-08 |
CN103608420A (zh) | 2014-02-26 |
TWI535810B (zh) | 2016-06-01 |
EP2716727B1 (en) | 2020-01-15 |
TW201307503A (zh) | 2013-02-16 |
EP2716727A4 (en) | 2014-10-29 |
KR20140061999A (ko) | 2014-05-22 |
EP2716727A1 (en) | 2014-04-09 |
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