WO2012165560A1 - 分級装置および分級方法、およびこの分級装置を備えたブラスト加工装置およびブラスト加工方法 - Google Patents
分級装置および分級方法、およびこの分級装置を備えたブラスト加工装置およびブラスト加工方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012165560A1 WO2012165560A1 PCT/JP2012/064113 JP2012064113W WO2012165560A1 WO 2012165560 A1 WO2012165560 A1 WO 2012165560A1 JP 2012064113 W JP2012064113 W JP 2012064113W WO 2012165560 A1 WO2012165560 A1 WO 2012165560A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C9/00—Appurtenances of abrasive blasting machines or devices, e.g. working chambers, arrangements for handling used abrasive material
- B24C9/006—Treatment of used abrasive material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
- B03B5/62—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by hydraulic classifiers, e.g. of launder, tank, spiral or helical chute concentrator type
- B03B5/64—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by hydraulic classifiers, e.g. of launder, tank, spiral or helical chute concentrator type of the free settling type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
- B03B5/62—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by hydraulic classifiers, e.g. of launder, tank, spiral or helical chute concentrator type
- B03B5/623—Upward current classifiers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D3/00—Differential sedimentation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C9/00—Appurtenances of abrasive blasting machines or devices, e.g. working chambers, arrangements for handling used abrasive material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wet classifier for classifying particles dispersed in a liquid to a predetermined size.
- An apparatus for sorting solid particles dispersed in a slurry with a predetermined size is widely used in a wet blasting apparatus or the like (for example, JP-A-2005-335044).
- a cyclone classifier a method using a filter opened to a predetermined size such as a filter cloth or a net, and a sedimentation separation method using a thickener or the like are known. Separation by a filter has a problem that the opening is closed by particles when used for a long time. Sedimentation separation can be applied only to particles that require a long time to settle or have a large specific gravity.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-066685 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-005626 disclose separation devices that combine hydraulic power and sedimentation separation.
- the slurry is allowed to flow in parallel to be discharged from the outlet through the first sorting chamber and the second sorting chamber from the inlet at the top of the sorting chamber, and the fine particles are separated from the coarse particles.
- the liquid at the bottom of the second sorting chamber is allowed to flow through a pump. Since relatively light particles are accumulated at the bottom of the second sorting chamber, the path to the pump may be closed by the particles that have settled. Moreover, since the said pump is required, an apparatus becomes complicated.
- water is allowed to flow from the lower part of the sorting cylinder, and particles that are to be sorted are introduced from above the sorting cylinder.
- the present invention provides a wet classification apparatus and classification method that can classify solid particles in a slurry with a simple structure and high accuracy, and a wet blast processing apparatus and blast processing method that include this classification apparatus.
- a first aspect of the present invention is an apparatus for classifying solid particles dispersed in a slurry by utilizing a difference in sedimentation speed, wherein the classification apparatus introduces the slurry and introduces large-diameter particles. And a slurry introduction mechanism for introducing slurry into the casing, the casing standing from the bottom surface of the casing, and the ceiling of the casing
- the housing is partitioned into a first recovery chamber and a second recovery chamber by a plate-shaped classification member having a tip provided with a gap between the first recovery chamber and the first recovery chamber.
- a plate-like slurry introducing member erected from the bottom surface of the recovery chamber, or the slurry introducing member and the wall surface of the first recovery chamber form a side wall, and a lower end of the slurry connected to the slurry introducing mechanism.
- a slurry introduction chamber is formed with an inlet and an open top. And butterflies.
- a second invention of the present invention is an apparatus for classifying solid particles dispersed in a slurry by utilizing a difference in sedimentation speed, and the classification apparatus introduces the slurry and has a large size.
- the housing is partitioned into a first recovery chamber and a second recovery chamber by a plate-shaped classification member provided with a possible opening, and the first recovery chamber is separated from the bottom of the first recovery chamber.
- a plate-like slurry introduction member standing upright, or the slurry introduction member and the wall surface of the first recovery chamber form a side wall, and a slurry introduction port connected to the slurry introduction mechanism is formed at the lower end. And a slurry introduction chamber having an open upper end is formed.A slurry introduction chamber having an upper end opened by a slurry introduction member is formed.
- relatively heavy large-diameter particles settle at the bottom of the first recovery chamber.
- the relatively light small-diameter particles move to the second collection chamber through the gap between the classification member and the ceiling or the opening provided in the classification member.
- a third invention is the classification device according to the first or second invention, wherein at least a part of the classification member is detachable.
- the particle diameter recovered in the first recovery chamber and the second recovery chamber can be changed by changing the height by attaching / detaching at least a part of the classification member.
- a fourth invention is the classification device according to any one of the first to third inventions, wherein the slurry introduction chamber has a cross-sectional area that increases upward.
- the solid particles in the slurry may aggregate to form secondary particles. Secondary particles lead to a decrease in classification accuracy.
- the secondary particles can be crushed into primary particles when passing through the slurry introduction chamber.
- the cross-sectional area increases upward is a concept that includes not only the case of continuous enlargement but also the case where only a part thereof is enlarged. For example, it is good also as a structure which has the same cross-sectional area continuously in the upper end part vicinity. Further, as described later, after the cross-sectional area is enlarged upward, the cross-sectional area may be reduced in the vicinity of the upper end portion.
- 5th and 6th invention is a classification apparatus as described in any one of 1st thru
- the acceleration mechanism for accelerating a slurry is provided in the upper end part of the said slurry introduction chamber. It is characterized by.
- the classification accuracy can be improved by increasing the speed when passing through the upper end of the slurry introduction chamber.
- 7th and 8th inventions are the classification devices according to the 5th or 6th invention, wherein the cross-sectional area of the slurry is reduced upward by the acceleration mechanism.
- the speed of the slurry passing through the upper end portion of the slurry introduction chamber can be increased with a simple structure.
- a ninth invention is the classification apparatus according to any one of the first to eighth inventions, wherein the slurry introduction mechanism includes a lift mechanism for lifting the slurry, and the slurry introduction port and the An introduction speed adjusting mechanism for adjusting the introduction speed of the slurry is disposed between the lift mechanism and the lift mechanism.
- the classification point can be finely adjusted by adjusting the speed of the slurry introduced from the slurry inlet.
- a tenth aspect of the invention is a blasting apparatus for performing a blasting process by spraying a slurry in which abrasive grains are dispersed in a liquid together with a high-pressure gas onto a workpiece
- the blasting apparatus includes an injection nozzle inside A slurry processing chamber, a slurry tank for storing the slurry, a sorting mechanism for classifying particles in the slurry in the slurry tank, and a slurry containing small-diameter particles classified by the classification device And a separation mechanism for separating the solid and liquid, wherein the sorting mechanism is the classification device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
- the classifying apparatus of the present invention is a wet blasting apparatus for sorting abrasive grains that can be blasted again, and abrasive grains that have become unsuitable for blasting and cutting particles of the workpiece. It can be suitably used as a mechanism.
- An eleventh aspect of the invention is the blasting apparatus according to the tenth aspect of the invention, wherein the separation mechanism is a magnetic force separation device.
- the separation mechanism is a magnetic force separation device.
- a twelfth invention is the blasting apparatus according to the tenth or eleventh invention, wherein a cleaning nozzle for cleaning the workpiece after blasting is disposed in the blasting chamber, The cleaning nozzle ejects the liquid separated by the separation mechanism. Abrasive grains, cutting particles of the workpiece or the like are attached to the workpiece after blasting, and it is necessary to clean the workpiece, and a solid-liquid separated liquid can be used as the cleaning medium.
- a thirteenth invention is a method for classifying solid particles dispersed in a slurry using the classification device according to any one of the first to twelfth inventions, wherein the slurry is fed from the slurry inlet to the slurry.
- Introducing the slurry into the introduction chamber; diffusing and discharging the introduced slurry from the opening at the upper end of the slurry introduction chamber; and the small diameter particles in the solid particles in the slurry, the classification member and the ceiling Passing through the gap or an opening provided in the classification member and moving into the second recovery chamber, and sinking large particles in the solid particles in the slurry to the bottom of the first recovery chamber; And a step of allowing the small-sized particles that have moved into the second collection chamber to settle at the bottom of the second collection chamber.
- the relatively large heavy-sized particles settle on the bottom of the first recovery chamber without moving to the second recovery chamber.
- the relatively light small-diameter particles move to the second recovery chamber and settle to the bottom of the second recovery chamber.
- the sedimentation to the bottoms of the first recovery chamber and the second recovery chamber may be performed only by the self-weight of the solid particles, or may be combined with the discharge force from the opening provided at each bottom.
- a fourteenth invention is the classification method according to the thirteenth invention, wherein the solid moves to the second recovery chamber by changing the height of the classification member or the distance between the lower end of the opening and the ceiling.
- the particle diameter is changed.
- the diameter of the solid particles moving to the second recovery chamber can be changed. That is, the classification point can be changed.
- the diameter of the solid particles moving to the second recovery chamber is increased, so that the classification point can be increased.
- the fifteenth and sixteenth inventions are methods for classifying solid particles dispersed in a slurry using the classifying device according to the fifth or sixth, wherein the slurry is introduced into the slurry introduction chamber from the slurry introduction port.
- a seventeenth aspect of the invention is a method for classifying solid particles dispersed in a slurry using the classification device according to the ninth aspect of the invention, wherein the introduction speed of the slurry is changed by the introduction speed adjusting mechanism, and the second recovery chamber is changed. It is characterized by changing the diameter of the solid particles that move to the surface. By changing the slurry introduction speed by the introduction speed adjustment mechanism, the classification point can be easily adjusted.
- An eighteenth aspect of the invention is a blasting method using the blasting apparatus according to any one of the tenth to twelfth aspects of the invention, and a slurry is obtained by introducing and dispersing liquid and abrasive grains into the slurry tank.
- solid particles in a slurry can be separated into abrasive grains suitable for performing blasting again, abrasive grains having a size unsuitable for blasting, and cutting particles of a workpiece. .
- a nineteenth aspect of the invention is a blasting method using the blasting apparatus according to the eleventh aspect of the invention, in which a slurry having liquid and magnetism is introduced and dispersed in the slurry tank to obtain a slurry, and the slurry Transferring the slurry in the tank to the injection nozzle, mixing the high pressure gas and injecting the slurry toward the magnetic workpiece from the injection nozzle, and the injected slurry and the cutting particles of the workpiece in the slurry tank.
- the step of storing the slurry, the step of transferring the slurry in the slurry tank to the classifier, and the large-sized particles recovered in the first recovery chamber being transferred to the slurry tank as solid particles for blasting again.
- a slurry containing the second recovered small-diameter particles that is, abrasive grains having a size unsuitable for blasting, cutting particles of the workpiece, etc.
- Solid-liquid separation can be easily performed, and the small-diameter particles can be recovered as sludge.
- a twentieth aspect of the invention is an apparatus for classifying solid particles dispersed in a slurry by utilizing a difference in settling speed, wherein the classification apparatus introduces the slurry and introduces a large particle and a small particle. And a slurry introduction mechanism for introducing the slurry, and the case is provided with a gap between a bottom surface of the case and a ceiling surface of the case.
- a plate-shaped classification member for partitioning the housing into a first recovery chamber in which a large particle discharge port is formed on the bottom surface and a second recovery chamber in which a small particle discharge port is formed on the bottom surface; Disposed upward from the bottom surface between the slurry inlet opening at the bottom of the first recovery chamber and the large particle outlet, and the slurry introduced into the first recovery chamber from the slurry inlet is upward.
- a plate-like slurry introduction member for diffusing toward the surface, and introducing the slurry Structure is characterized in that one end is the other end communicates with the threaded lift mechanism and communicates to the slurry inlet. According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an apparatus capable of classifying with a simple structure and high accuracy.
- the present invention can provide a classification device and a classification method with a simple structure and high classification accuracy.
- the classification device of the present invention can be classified more efficiently when the specific gravity difference between the large diameter particles and the small diameter particles is larger. Slurry classification in a wet blasting machine is performed with abrasive particles that have a size that is not suitable for re-use due to cutting particles generated by blasting and cracking or chipping caused by collision with the workpiece. Therefore, the specific gravity difference with the reusable abrasive grains that are large-diameter particles is large. Therefore, the classification device of the present invention can be used preferably.
- the diameter and specific gravity of the solid particles that can be classified according to the present invention are not particularly limited, but the larger the difference between the specific gravity and the particle diameter of the large particle and the small particle, the more accurately the particle can be classified. Further, the specific gravity difference between the large and small particles and the difference in particle size are large, but the classification point is also particularly good if the classification point is in the range of 100 to 1000 ⁇ m for the slurry S with respect to the slurry S having a broad particle size distribution. It can be performed.
- FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram showing a longitudinal section
- FIG. 1B is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1A.
- classification device of the present invention and the case where this classification device is used in a wet blasting apparatus will be described as an example.
- classification apparatus of this invention is not limited to the form as described in embodiment, It can change suitably as needed.
- left-right and up-down direction as described in this embodiment points out the direction in a figure unless there is particular notice.
- the classification device 10 includes a housing 11 and a slurry introduction mechanism 17. As shown in FIG. 1A, the housing 11 has a cylindrical shape with a quadrangular cross section, and the ceiling portion (the uppermost portion in the figure) is closed by a top plate. A slurry introduction port 12a, a large-diameter particle discharge port 13a, and a small-diameter particle discharge port 14a are opened in order from the left in FIG.
- a classification member 16 is erected on the bottom of the housing 11, and the space inside the housing 11 is located upstream of the slurry flow. It is divided into a first recovery chamber 13 and a second recovery chamber 14 on the downstream side of the slurry flow.
- the classifying member 16 has a plate shape and is disposed so that a gap is formed between the upper end and the ceiling of the housing 11.
- a slurry introduction member 15 is disposed upward from the bottom of the housing.
- the slurry introduction member 15 has a plate shape, and the height position of the upper end (the vertical direction in FIG. 1A) is lower than the height position of the upper end of the classification member 16.
- the slurry introduction member 15 is disposed so as to surround the slurry introduction port, and partitions the slurry introduction chamber 12 into the space inside the first recovery chamber 13.
- the slurry is introduced by the slurry introduction member 15 arranged in three directions (upper, lower, right) and the side wall of the casing 11 located in the left direction.
- the direction and shape in which the slurry introduction member 15 is arranged are not particularly limited. For example, three directions (upper, lower, leftward in the figure) may be the wall surface of the first recovery chamber 13, and only the remaining one wall surface (rightward in the figure) may be the slurry introduction member 15 (see FIG. 2A). ), Or a slurry introduction member 15 arranged in four directions (up, down, left, right) (see FIG. 2B).
- the cross section of the slurry introduction chamber 12 (the cross section in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG.
- 1A is not limited to a quadrangle as in the embodiment, and is formed by, for example, a cylindrical slurry introduction member 15 and the side wall of the housing 11. It may be a semicircular shape (see FIG. 2C) or a circular shape formed only by the cylindrical slurry introduction member 15 (see FIG. 2D).
- the internal space of the housing 11 is partitioned by the slurry introduction member 15 and the classification member 16.
- the slurry introduction chamber 12 which is a space including the slurry introduction port 12a
- the first collection chamber 13 which is a space including the slurry introduction chamber 12
- the large particle discharge port 13a and the small particle discharge port 14a are included.
- the large particle discharge port 13a and the small particle discharge port 14a are preferably connected to a large particle discharge valve and a small particle discharge valve, which are valves each having a closing and flow rate adjusting mechanism (not shown). ). Before the start of classification, the large particle discharge valve and the small particle discharge valve are closed.
- a slurry introduction mechanism 17 is connected to the slurry introduction port 12a.
- Slurry introducing mechanism 17 includes a lift mechanism P1 (canned motor pump in the present embodiment), and the hose H 1, a.
- a lift mechanism P1 (canned motor pump in the present embodiment)
- the hose H 1, a By a hose H 1, and the lift mechanism 17 and the slurry inlet 12a is connected.
- the lift mechanism P1 is connected hose H2 is, the hose H 2, and the lift mechanism 17 and the slurry tank 22 is connected.
- the slurry S in which solid particles to be classified are dispersed in a liquid is put into the slurry tank 22.
- a stirring mechanism (not shown) in the slurry tank.
- the stirring mechanism may be either stirring the slurry with a stirring blade, stirring using a water flow, circulating the slurry with a pump or the like, and select other known methods as appropriate. can do.
- the slurry S is introduced into the casing 11 from the slurry inlet 12a.
- the flow rate of the slurry S is preferably 0.5 to 5 m / s so that the solid particles do not settle in the slurry introduction chamber 12 and do not affect the classification.
- solid particles may aggregate to form aggregates (secondary particles).
- the classifying apparatus of the present invention performs classification using the difference in the sedimentation rate of solid particles. If the small particles form aggregates and the aggregates have a sedimentation rate equal to or higher than that of the large particles, the aggregates are collected together with the large particles, resulting in poor classification accuracy. Therefore, it is preferable to break up the aggregation of small-diameter particles into single particles (primary particles).
- the secondary particles of small diameter particles can be crushed.
- the small diameter particles are primary particles.
- the cross-sectional area of the cross section of the slurry introduction chamber 12 (the cross section in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 1A) is expanded upward in FIG.
- the slurry introducing member 15 is preferably disposed.
- the ratio (S 1 / S 2 ) between the cross-sectional area S 1 at the position where the cross-sectional area is the maximum and the cross-sectional area S 2 at the position where the cross-sectional area is the minimum is as follows. 2.5 to 5.0 is preferable, and 3.0 to 4.0 is more preferable.
- 1B is inclined 2 to 8 ° (preferably 2 to 4 °) from the vertical to the right, and the vertical slurry introduction member 15 is inclined. It is possible to enlarge the cross-sectional area of the cross section by standing up without doing. If the inclination is less than 2 °, the secondary particles cannot be sufficiently crushed. If the inclination exceeds 8 °, the slurry flow is separated from the slurry introduction member 15, so that the slurry flow becomes unstable. In this embodiment, the inclination is 4 °. As a result, the classification accuracy ⁇ (D 75 / D 25 ) of the large-sized particles recovered in the first recovery chamber becomes 1.20 to 1.75.
- the classification accuracy ⁇ (D 75 / D 25 ) is the lower 1 ⁇ 4 value (same 75) with respect to the upper 1 ⁇ 4 value (particle size where particles larger than the particle size are 25% of the cumulative particle size frequency curve). % Of the particle size).
- the cross-sectional area expands upward is not limited to a case where the cross-sectional area continuously increases upward, and a part of the cross-sectional area may continuously have the same cross-section upward. For example, after the cross-sectional area is continuously increased upward from the lower end, the same cross-section can be continuously formed toward the upper end.
- an acceleration mechanism in the vicinity of the upper end of the slurry introduction chamber 12.
- the acceleration mechanism desirably increases the speed of the slurry S without disturbing the flow of the slurry S.
- the acceleration member 19 having a triangular longitudinal section is disposed in the vicinity of the upper end of the slurry introduction chamber 12 so that the cross-sectional area of the transverse section expands upward. Further, the vicinity of the upper end portion of the slurry introducing member 15 is vertical.
- the cross-sectional area of the cross section is enlarged upward by the inclined portion 15a of the slurry introduction member 15, it is directed toward the upper end by an acceleration mechanism composed of the acceleration member 19 and the vertical portion 15b of the slurry introduction member 15. Is gradually reduced. Because the acceleration mechanism increases the flow rate of the slurry S when passing through the upper end of the slurry introduction chamber 12, the straightness of the small diameter particles is improved. For this reason, the small-diameter particles easily move to the second recovery chamber. If the small diameter particles do not move to the second recovery chamber and stay in the first recovery chamber for a long time, the small diameter particles may aggregate to form secondary particles and settle in the first recovery chamber.
- the acceleration mechanism may increase the flow rate of the slurry S by disposing a member having another shape, and configure the side wall of the slurry introduction chamber 12 so that the cross-sectional area of the slurry introduction chamber 12 becomes narrow near the upper end. Thus, the flow rate of the slurry S may be increased.
- the larger the flow rate of the slurry S the easier it is to move the large-diameter particles having a higher settling speed to the second recovery chamber.
- the upper limit of the classification point can be increased by increasing the flow rate of the slurry S by the acceleration mechanism.
- the classification point is a particle size in which the mass of the large particle and the small particle is the same in the particle size distribution (distribution of writing amount with respect to the particle size) of the small particle and large particle after classification.
- the speed at which the slurry passes the upper end of the slurry introduction chamber 12 by the acceleration mechanism is 1.0 to 5.0 m / s.
- this speed is less than 1.0 m / s, the effect of the acceleration mechanism cannot be obtained.
- this speed exceeds 5.0 m / s, the flow of the slurry in the first recovery is disturbed, and the classification accuracy decreases.
- the upper limit value of the classification point can be increased.
- the ratio of the height h 3 of the acceleration member 19 to the height h 1 of the slurry introduction chamber 12 is preferably 0.2 to 1.0. If it is less than 0.2, the acceleration distance of the slurry is insufficient, so that the slurry S cannot be accelerated sufficiently. Therefore, the upper limit value of the classification point is reduced, and the adjustment range of the classification point is narrowed. If the ratio exceeds 1.0, the wall resistance generated at the boundary between the acceleration mechanism and the slurry S increases, so that the acceleration of the particles is hindered.
- the cross-sectional area of the slurry introduction chamber 12 does not have to be gradually increased upward. Also in this case, the acceleration mechanism can be arranged in the slurry introduction chamber 12 as necessary.
- the slurry S that has passed through the slurry introduction chamber 12 flows into the first recovery chamber 13.
- small-diameter particles having a slow sedimentation rate stay near the liquid surface of the slurry S.
- the slurry S in the first recovery chamber increases and the liquid level exceeds the upper end of the classification member 16
- the slurry S passes through a gap formed between the upper end of the classification member 16 and the ceiling of the casing 11. And flows into the second recovery chamber 14.
- the small diameter particles staying near the liquid surface of the slurry S in the first recovery chamber 13 move to the second recovery chamber 14.
- the large particle discharge valve and the small particle discharge valve are opened, and the slurry in which the large particle is dispersed and the slurry in which the small particle is dispersed are recovered from the classifier.
- the flow rate is adjusted so that the discharge amount (slurry flow rate) from the large particle discharge port 13a and the small particle discharge port 14a becomes appropriate. For example, if the discharge amount from the large particle discharge port 13a is too large, the slurry S will not move to the second recovery chamber. On the other hand, if the amount is too small, the amount of movement to the second collection chamber increases, and as a result, particles larger than the target particle size collected in the second collection chamber move to the second collection chamber.
- the cross-sectional areas of the cross sections are reduced toward the large particle discharge port 13a and the small particle discharge port 14a, respectively. Therefore, the large diameter particles and the small diameter particles are efficiently discharged from the housing 11 without accumulating on the bottoms of the first recovery chamber 13 and the second recovery chamber 14.
- the ratio (S 3 / S 2 ) of the cross-sectional area S 3 of the first recovery chamber at the uppermost surface of the slurry introduction chamber 12 to the cross-sectional area S 2 of the cross-section of the slurry introduction chamber 12 is 2-10. It is preferable to select from.
- the classification point can be easily changed by changing the interval between the classification member 16 and the top plate.
- the classifying member 16 can be attached and detached, and the classifying member 16 can be easily changed within a range of 100 to 1000 ⁇ m by changing the classifying member 16 with a different height (vertical direction in FIG. 1A). be able to. If the difference in height between the uppermost end of the slurry introduction chamber 12 and the uppermost end of the classification member 16 is too small, large-diameter particles are also sent to the second recovery chamber 14, and if the difference is too large, the housing 11 is unnecessarily large. Height increases. Therefore, the ratio of the height h 1 of the classification slurry introduction chamber 12 of the height h 2 of the member 16 (h 2 / h 1) is preferably from 1.2 to 5.0 is 1.2-3.0 More preferred.
- the classifying device of the present invention is divided into a first recovery chamber 13 and a second recovery chamber 14 by a classification member 16, and has a gap through which slurry can move from the first recovery chamber 13 to the second recovery chamber 14. If it does, it is not limited to the above-mentioned structure. For example, you may arrange
- the classification point can be changed by selecting the opening to be opened.
- the ratio of the height to the lower part of the opened opening to the height of the slurry introduction chamber is preferably in the range of 1.2 to 5.0.
- the classification point can be further adjusted by disposing an introduction speed adjusting mechanism 18 for adjusting the introduction speed of the slurry S into the housing 11 between the slurry introduction port 12a and the pump P1 as the lifting mechanism.
- the introduction rate adjustment mechanism 18 in this embodiment includes a hose H 3, H 4, which is connected to the valve V 1, and the valve V 1.
- the hose H 1 was branched, a hose H 3 was connected to the branch point, and the hose H 4 was connected to the slurry tank 22.
- the path between the slurry introducing port 12a and the pump P1 is branched, one of them connected to the slurry introducing port 12a, and the other is connected to the valve V 1.
- the valve V 1 by opening while adjusting the degree of opening, a portion of the predetermined amount of the slurry S is returned to the slurry tank 22. Therefore, the introduction speed of the slurry S into the housing 11 can be adjusted.
- the lower limit of the classification point can be lowered by lowering the slurry rising speed in the vicinity of the slurry liquid level in the first recovery chamber.
- the rising speed of the slurry is selected from 0.003 to 0.050 m / s.
- the speed of the slurry passing through the upper end of the slurry introduction chamber by the acceleration mechanism was set to 1.0 to 5.0 m / s.
- the classification point can be selected from the range of 50 to 300 ⁇ m.
- the blasting apparatus 20 includes a blasting chamber 21, a slurry tank 22 disposed below the blasting chamber, and a sorting mechanism that classifies particles in the slurry S in the slurry tank 22.
- an injection nozzle 23 for injecting the slurry S is disposed inside the blast processing chamber 21.
- the slurry tank 22 stores slurry S in which abrasive grains (abrasive material) for blasting are dispersed in a liquid (in this embodiment, water).
- abrasive grains are various particles that can be generally used for blasting regardless of whether dry or wet, such as iron and non-ferrous particles (shots, grids, cut wires, etc.), ceramic particles, plant particles, and resin particles. If it is, it will not be specifically limited.
- the abrasive grains are mixed and dispersed in water so as to be 5 to 60% by volume of the whole slurry.
- the slurry tank 22 is provided with a stirring mechanism (not shown) for stirring and dispersing the abrasive grains as described above.
- the slurry S in the slurry tank 22 is sucked up by a lifting mechanism P2 (canned motor pump in this embodiment) and sent to an injection nozzle 23 arranged in a blast processing chamber 21.
- the slurry S sent to the injection nozzle 23 is mixed with the high-pressure gas (compressed air in this embodiment) sent from the high-pressure gas generation source 24, and is injected toward the workpiece W as a solid-gas liquid three-phase flow.
- the injected slurry flows into the slurry tank 22.
- abrasive grains that are cracked or chipped by colliding with the workpiece W, cutting particles of the workpiece W generated by blasting, and the like also flow into the slurry tank 22.
- the abrasive grains are circulated and used many times.
- the abrasive grains with cracks and chips there are abrasive grains having a diameter that is not suitable for blasting. That is, the slurry S in the slurry tank 22 includes abrasive grains that have a diameter unsuitable for blasting (cannot be reused), cutting particles of the workpiece W, and the like. is there. Therefore, as described above, blasting is performed and sorting is performed by the sorting mechanism. Reusable abrasive grains sorted by the sorting mechanism are returned to the slurry tank 22 and sprayed from the spray nozzle 23 again.
- the classification device 10 of the present invention can be suitably used for the sorting mechanism. That is, the reusable abrasive grains in the slurry S can be separated as large-diameter particles, and the abrasive grains that have become non-reusable size and the cutting particles of the workpiece can be separated as small-diameter particles.
- the slurry in which the reusable abrasive grains are dispersed is discharged from the large-diameter particle discharge port 13 a and returned to the slurry tank 22.
- the slurry in which abrasive grains having a size that cannot be reused or cutting particles of the workpiece are dispersed is discharged from the small-diameter particle discharge port 14a.
- the slurry discharged from the small particle outlet 14a is sent to the separation mechanism 25, where solid-liquid separation is performed.
- a known method such as a thickener, a filter press, a centrifugal separator, a sieve, or a magnetic separator can be used.
- a magnetic separator can be suitably used.
- the solid particles separated by the separation mechanism 25 are recovered as sludge.
- the separated solid is recovered in the sludge tank 26 as sludge.
- the separated liquid is stored in the liquid storage tank 27.
- the liquid can be used to adjust the concentration of the slurry when the slurry tank 22 is replenished with abrasive grains reduced in amount as the blasting progresses. Or you may use in order to wash the to-be-processed object W which the blasting process was complete
- the lift mechanism P3 the liquid is sent to the cleaning spray nozzle 28 and sprayed toward the workpiece W together with the high-pressure gas sent from the high-pressure gas generation source 24, thereby remaining on the surface of the workpiece W. Grains and cutting particles can be removed.
- the lift mechanism P1 and the lift mechanism P2 can be made the same.
- the hose H 1 (see FIG. 1A) can be branched and the branch point can be connected to the injection nozzle 23 via the hose.
- an injection amount adjusting mechanism 29 for adjusting the introduction amount of the slurry S to the injection nozzle 23 may be disposed on the path from the branch point to the injection nozzle 23.
- the injection amount adjusting mechanism 29 can use a tubular body having one end connected to the valve V 2 and the other end disposed in the vicinity of the slurry tank 22.
- opening the valve V 2 slurry S may adjust the rate of introduction of slurry S to the injection nozzle 23 by adjusting the opening degree of the valve for will return to the slurry tank 22.
- the introduction rate adjustment mechanism 18 for adjusting the rate of introduction of slurry S to the classification device 10 may be located (see FIG. 1 (A)).
- a pipe having a smaller diameter than the pipe (throttle) is used instead of the valve.
- Tube may be used. Since the internal structure of the valve is complicated, there is a risk of failure when using a slurry S that is heavily worn. The throttle tube has fewer failures than the valve, and even if internal wear progresses and adjustment of the rate of introduction of the slurry S becomes difficult, it is cheaper than the valve and can be easily replaced.
- a densitometer for measuring the concentration of slurry may be arranged in order to stabilize the blasting capability.
- the abrasive concentration or liquid can be charged automatically or manually into the slurry tank to make the slurry concentration constant.
- a result of classifying a slurry in which an iron grid (GH-3: average particle size: 300 ⁇ m) and white alundum (WA # 320: average particle size: 40 ⁇ m) are classified by the classification device of the present invention will be described as a first example.
- the slurry is prepared by dispersing slurry in water so that the solid particle (abrasive) content is 40% by volume and 10% by volume, respectively, and the flow rate of the slurry at the slurry inlet is 2.5 m / s.
- the slurry discharged from the large particle outlet and the small particle outlet is passed through a sieve having a mesh size of 125 ⁇ m, and the color of the slurry that has passed through the sieve is visually confirmed to be classified into large particles and small particles. Judged whether it has been.
- the classification device of the present embodiment is used as a sorting device for a blast processing device
- the slurry used was an iron grid (GH-3: average particle size 300 ⁇ m) dispersed in water so as to have a concentration of 30% by mass.
- This slurry was sprayed from a suction-type spray nozzle toward a chrome steel (SCr) for blasting.
- the distance between the nozzle and the workpiece was 100 mm
- the pressure of the lift mechanism P1 was 0.33 MPa
- the pressure of the high-pressure gas (compressed air) was 0.4 MPa.
- Blasting was performed by changing the inclination angle of the slurry introduction member 15 and the ratio of the height of the acceleration member 19 to the height of the slurry introduction chamber (h 3 / h 1 ) as shown in Table 1.
- the slurry was recovered from the large particle outlet 13a and the small particle outlet 14a, respectively.
- the particle size distribution was measured with a laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer (SALD-2100: manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). Based on the measured particle size distribution, the classification point and classification accuracy ⁇ (D 75 / D 25 ) of the large-diameter particles were calculated.
- the classification point could be changed by changing the ratio of the inclination angle of the slurry introduction member 15 and the height of the acceleration member 19 to the height of the slurry introduction chamber (h 3 / h 1 ).
- the classification accuracy ⁇ is 1.0 or more, classification can be performed satisfactorily, and when the classification accuracy ⁇ is 1.5 or more, classification can be performed extremely satisfactorily. In each of Examples 1 to 13, the classification accuracy was 1.2 or more, and good results were shown.
- Another object of the present invention is to remove small-diameter particles (such as abrasive grains having a size that cannot be reused or cutting particles of a workpiece) from a slurry when a classification device is used as a sorting device for a blasting device. Therefore, when the classification point is set to about 90 ⁇ m, the classification accuracy ⁇ is 1.60 as shown in Example 5. This suggests that the classifying device of the present invention can be favorably used as a separating device for a blast processing apparatus.
- the classifying device of the present invention is a foreign object in the slurry. It can be applied to all wet classification applications such as removal, beneficiation, sorting and liquid purification.
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Abstract
Description
また、本発明は以下の詳細な説明により更に完全に理解できるであろう。しかしながら、詳細な説明および特定の実施例は、本発明の望ましい実施の形態であり、説明の目的のためにのみ記載されているものである。この詳細な説明から、種々の変更、改変が、当業者にとって明らかだからである。
出願人は、記載された実施の形態のいずれをも公衆に献上する意図はなく、開示された改変、代替案のうち、特許請求の範囲内に文言上含まれないかもしれないものも、均等論下での発明の一部とする。
本明細書あるいは請求の範囲の記載において、名詞及び同様な指示語の使用は、特に指示されない限り、または文脈によって明瞭に否定されない限り、単数および複数の両方を含むものと解釈すべきである。本明細書中で提供されたいずれの例示または例示的な用語(例えば、「等」)の使用も、単に本発明を説明し易くするという意図であるに過ぎず、特に請求の範囲に記載しない限り本発明の範囲に制限を加えるものではない。
まず、分級装置について説明する。分級装置10は、筐体11とスラリ導入機構17とを含む。図1(A)に示すように、筐体11は、横断面が四角形の筒状であり、天板により天井部(同図における最上部)が閉止されている。底部には同図の左から順にスラリ導入口12a、大径粒子排出口13a、小径粒子排出口14aが開口されている。
次に、本発明の分級装置を湿式のブラスト加工装置に用いた場合について説明する。図4に、本発明の湿式のブラスト加工装置20の構成を示す。ブラスト加工装置20は、ブラスト加工室21と、該ブラスト加工室の下方に配置されたスラリ槽22と、スラリ槽22中のスラリS中の粒子を分級する選別機構と、を含む。また、ブラスト加工室21の内部には、スラリSを噴射するための噴射ノズル23が配置されている。
10 分級装置
11 筐体
12 スラリ導入室
12a スラリ導入口
13 第一回収室
13a 大径粒子排出口
14 第二回収室
14a 小径粒子排出口
15 スラリ導入部材
16 分級部材
17 スラリ導入機構
18 導入速度調整機構
19 加速部材
20 ブラスト加工装置
21 ブラスト加工室
22 スラリ槽
23 噴射ノズル
24 高圧ガス発生源
25 分離機構
26 スラッジ槽
27 貯液槽
28 洗浄用噴射ノズル
29 噴射量調整機構
P1、P2、P3 揚程機構
W 被加工物
S スラリ
V1、V2 バルブ
[産業上の利用の可能性]
Claims (20)
- スラリ中に分散されている固体粒子を沈降速度の差を利用して分級するための装置であって、
前記分級装置は、前記スラリを導入すると共に大径粒子と小径粒子とに分級するための筐体と、
前記筐体にスラリを導入するためのスラリ導入機構と、を備え、
前記筐体は、該筐体の底面より立設し、該筐体の天井面との間に隙間を設けた先端を有する板状の分級部材によって、該筐体内を第一回収室と第二回収室とに仕切られており、
前記第一回収室内には、該第一回収室の底面から立設された板状のスラリ導入部材、又は前記スラリ導入部材と前記第一回収室の壁面と、で側壁を成し、下端には、前記スラリ導入機構と連結されたスラリ導入口が形成されると共に上端が開放されたスラリ導入室が形成されていることを特徴とする分級装置。 - スラリ中に分散されている固体粒子を沈降速度の差を利用して分級するための装置であって、
前記分級装置は、前記スラリを導入すると共に大径粒子と小径粒子とに分級するための筐体と、
前記筐体にスラリを導入するためのスラリ導入機構と、を備え、
前記筐体は、該筐体の底面より立設し、複数の閉止可能な開口部を設けた板状の分級部材によって、該筐体内を第一回収室と第二回収室とに仕切られており、
前記第一回収室内には、該第一回収室の底面から立設された板状のスラリ導入部材、又は前記スラリ導入部材と前記第一回収室の壁面と、で側壁を成し、下端には、前記スラリ導入機構と連結されたスラリ導入口が形成されると共に上端が開放されたスラリ導入室が形成されていることを特徴とする分級装置。 - 前記分級部材の少なくとも一部が着脱可能であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の分級装置。
- 前記スラリ導入室は、上方に向かって断面積が拡大することを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の分級装置。
- 前記スラリ導入室の上端部に、スラリを加速するための加速機構を備えることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の分級装置。
- 前記スラリ導入室の上端部に、スラリを加速するための加速機構を備えることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の分級装置。
- 前記加速機構によって、前記スラリ導入部材の断面積が上方に向かって徐々に縮小されていることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の分級装置。
- 前記加速機構によって、前記スラリ導入部材の断面積が上方に向かって徐々に縮小されていることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の分級装置。
- 前記スラリ導入機構は、スラリを揚程するための揚程機構を備え、
前記スラリ導入口と前記揚程機構との間に、前記スラリの導入速度を調整するための導入速度調整機構が配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の分級装置。 - 液体中に砥粒を分散させたスラリを高圧ガスと共に被加工物に噴射してブラスト加工を行うためのブラスト加工装置であって、
前記ブラスト加工装置は、内部に噴射ノズルが配置されたブラスト加工室と、
前記スラリを貯留するためのスラリ槽と、
前記スラリ槽中のスラリ中の粒子を分級するための選別機構と、
前記分級装置によって分級された小径粒子を含むスラリを固液分離するための分離機構と、を備え、
前記選別機構は請求項1または請求項2に記載の分級装置であることを特徴とするブラスト加工装置。 - 前記分離機構が磁力選別装置であることを特徴とする請求項10に記載のブラスト加工装置。
- 前記ブラスト加工室内にはブラスト加工後の被加工物を洗浄するための洗浄用ノズルが配置されており、
前記洗浄用ノズルは、前記分離機構で分離された液体を噴射することを特徴とする請求項10に記載のブラスト加工装置。 - 請求項1または請求項2に記載の分級装置を用いたスラリ中に分散した固体粒子の分級方法であって、
前記スラリを前記スラリ導入口から前記スラリ導入室内に導入する工程と、
導入された前記スラリを前記スラリ導入室の上端の開口部より拡散させて排出する工程と、
前記スラリ中の固体粒子における小径粒子を、前記分級部材と前記天井との隙間または前記分級部材に設けられた開口部を通過して前記第二回収室内に移動させると共に、前記スラリ中の固体粒子における大径粒子を前記第一回収室の底部に沈降させる工程と、
前記第二回収室内に移動した前記小径粒子を該第二回収室の底部に沈降させる工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする分級方法。 - 前記分級部材の上端と前記天井との距離または前記開口部の下端と前記天井との距離を変更して前記第二回収室に移動する固体粒子の径を変更することを特徴とする請求項13に記載の分級方法。
- 請求項5に記載の分級装置を用いたスラリに分散した固体粒子の分級法であって、
前記スラリを前記スラリ導入口から前記スラリ導入室内に導入する工程と、
導入された前記スラリを前記加速機構によって加速させると共に、前記スラリ導入室の上端の開口部より拡散させて排出する工程と、
前記スラリ中の固体粒子における小径粒子を、前記分級部材と前記天井との隙間または前記分級部材に設けられた開口部を通過して前記第二回収室内に移動させると共に、前記スラリ中の固体粒子における大径粒子を前記第一回収室の底部に沈降させる工程と、
前記第二回収室内に移動した前記小径粒子を該第二回収室の底部に沈降させる工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする分級方法。 - 請求項6に記載の分級装置を用いたスラリに分散した固体粒子の分級法であって、
前記スラリを前記スラリ導入口から前記スラリ導入室内に導入する工程と、
導入された前記スラリを前記加速機構によって加速させると共に、前記スラリ導入室の上端の開口部より拡散させて排出する工程と、
前記スラリ中の固体粒子における小径粒子を、前記分級部材と前記天井との隙間または前記分級部材に設けられた開口部を通過して前記第二回収室内に移動させると共に、前記スラリ中の固体粒子における大径粒子を前記第一回収室の底部に沈降させる工程と、
前記第二回収室内に移動した前記小径粒子を該第二回収室の底部に沈降させる工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする分級方法。 - 請求項9に記載の分級装置を用いたスラリに分散した固体粒子の分級法であって、
前記スラリを前記スラリ導入口から前記スラリ導入室内に導入する工程と、
導入された前記スラリを前記スラリ導入室の上端の開口部より拡散させて排出する工程と、
前記スラリ中の固体粒子における小径粒子を、前記分級部材と前記天井との隙間または前記分級部材に設けられた開口部を通過して前記第二回収室内に移動させると共に、前記スラリ中の固体粒子における大径粒子を前記第一回収室の底部に沈降させる工程と、
前記第二回収室内に移動した前記小径粒子を該第二回収室の底部に沈降させる工程と、
を含み、
前記導入速度調整機構でスラリの導入速度を変更して前記第二回収室に移動する固体粒子の径を変更することを特徴とする分級方法。 - 請求項10に記載のブラスト加工装置によるブラスト加工方法であって、
前記スラリ槽に液体および砥粒を投入して分散させ、スラリを得る工程と、
前記スラリ槽中のスラリを前記噴射ノズルに移送すると共に、高圧ガスと混合して該噴射ノズルより被加工物に向けて噴射する工程と、
噴射したスラリおよび被加工物の切削粒子をスラリ槽で貯留する工程と、
前記スラリ槽のスラリを前記選別機構に移送する工程と、
前記第一回収室にて回収された大径粒子を、再度ブラスト加工を行うための固体粒子としてスラリ槽に移送する工程と、
前記第二回収室にて回収された小径粒子をスラッジとして回収する工程と、
を含むことを特徴とするブラスト加工方法。 - 請求項11に記載のブラスト加工装置によるブラスト加工方法であって、
前記スラリ槽に液体および磁性を有する砥粒を投入して分散させ、スラリを得る工程と、
前記スラリ槽中のスラリを前記噴射ノズルに移送すると共に、高圧ガスと混合して該噴射ノズルより磁性を有する被加工物に向けて噴射する工程と、
噴射したスラリおよび被加工物の切削粒子をスラリ槽で貯留する工程と、
前記スラリ槽のスラリを前記選別機構に移送する工程と、
前記第一回収室にて回収された大径粒子を、再度ブラスト加工を行うための固体粒子としてスラリ槽に移送する工程と、
前記第二回収室にて回収された小径粒子を含むスラリを前記磁力選別装置に移送する工程と、
前記磁力選別装置に移送されたスラリを磁力によって固液分離する工程と、
を含むことを特徴とするブラスト加工方法。 - スラリ中に分散されている固形粒子を沈降速度の差を利用して分級するための装置であって、
前記分級装置は、前記スラリを導入すると共に大径粒子と小径粒子に分級する筒状の筐体と、前記スラリを導入するためのスラリ導入機構とを備え、
前記筐体は、該筐体の底面から該筐体の天井面との間に隙間を設けて立設され、該筐体を底面に大径粒子排出口が形成された第一回収室と底面に小径粒子排出口が形成された第二回収室とに仕切るための板状の分級部材と、前記第一回収室の底面に開口されたスラリ導入口と前記大径粒子排出口との間の底面から上方に向けて配置され、前記スラリ導入口から該第一回収室内に導入されたスラリを上方に向けて拡散させるための板状のスラリ導入部材と、を備え、
前記スラリ導入機構は一端が前記スラリ導入口に連通され他端が揚程機構と連通されていることを特徴とする分級装置。
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JP5915650B2 (ja) | 2016-05-11 |
CN103338867A (zh) | 2013-10-02 |
JPWO2012165560A1 (ja) | 2015-02-23 |
KR101933138B1 (ko) | 2018-12-27 |
CN103338867B (zh) | 2015-07-08 |
KR20140015318A (ko) | 2014-02-06 |
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