WO2012153736A1 - 内視鏡システム - Google Patents
内視鏡システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012153736A1 WO2012153736A1 PCT/JP2012/061766 JP2012061766W WO2012153736A1 WO 2012153736 A1 WO2012153736 A1 WO 2012153736A1 JP 2012061766 W JP2012061766 W JP 2012061766W WO 2012153736 A1 WO2012153736 A1 WO 2012153736A1
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- zoom
- electronic zoom
- electronic
- image
- instruction
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00002—Operational features of endoscopes
- A61B1/00004—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing
- A61B1/00009—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing of image signals during a use of endoscope
- A61B1/000094—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing of image signals during a use of endoscope extracting biological structures
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00002—Operational features of endoscopes
- A61B1/00004—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing
- A61B1/00009—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing of image signals during a use of endoscope
- A61B1/000095—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing of image signals during a use of endoscope for image enhancement
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00163—Optical arrangements
- A61B1/00188—Optical arrangements with focusing or zooming features
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
- A61B1/05—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances characterised by the image sensor, e.g. camera, being in the distal end portion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
- G02B23/2407—Optical details
- G02B23/2423—Optical details of the distal end
- G02B23/243—Objectives for endoscopes
- G02B23/2438—Zoom objectives
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an endoscope system having a zoom function.
- endoscope systems have been widely used in the medical field and the industrial field.
- the subject is imaged by an imaging element provided at the distal end of the endoscope insertion portion, and the subject image is displayed on the monitor device.
- the surgeon can observe the image of the subject displayed on the monitor.
- An image sensor and an observation optical system are built in the distal end portion of the endoscope insertion portion.
- an endoscope having a mechanism for moving a lens frame of an observation optical system in an optical axis direction in an insertion portion for a bifocal focusing function of a subject image
- a mirror device has been proposed.
- the actuator for moving the lens frame a shape memory alloy wire is used, and it expands and contracts by controlling the current flowing through the wire, thereby realizing the focusing function of the observation optical system.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-48120 discloses an actuator system that stores a maximum resistance value and a minimum resistance value when a current flows through a shape memory alloy wire and performs resistance control based on the current value flowing through the wire. Proposed.
- Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-156156 (unpublished) by the present applicant has been proposed as an improvement in the responsiveness of lens movement in the bifocal optical zoom operation.
- the present invention solves this problem, and in an endoscope equipped with an optical zoom and an electronic zoom, by performing an interlocking operation based on the interlocking setting of both zoom functions, troublesome settings and operations can be performed when observing a subject.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an endoscope system that is unnecessary and has excellent operability.
- An endoscope system includes a lens control unit that controls an optical zoom lens to change an optical zoom magnification, a photoelectric conversion element that photoelectrically converts an image formed by the optical zoom lens, and the photoelectric conversion.
- Electronic zoom means for changing the electronic zoom magnification of the captured image photoelectrically converted by the element, instruction means for instructing enlargement / reduction of the image, and only the lens control means operates when an instruction is given by the instruction means
- An operation selection instruction means for selecting and instructing a first setting for operating, a second setting for operating only the electronic zoom means, and a third setting for operating both the lens control means and the electronic zoom means.
- Parameter setting means for setting the control parameter value of the lens control means set by the parameter setting means and the zoom of the electronic zoom means corresponding to the instruction by the instruction means and the instruction by the operation selection instruction means
- Zoom control means for outputting a control signal to the lens control means and the electronic zoom means based on the parameters.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of an endoscope system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the block diagram which shows the structure of an electronic zoom means.
- the figure which shows another another aspect of the combination of the calculated numerical value of IHb, the endoscopic image corresponding to the presence or absence of IHb image processing, and the display mode at the time of visualization shows another another aspect of the combination of the calculated numerical value of IHb, the endoscopic image corresponding to the presence or absence of IHb image processing, and the display mode at the time of visualization.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of an endoscope system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- an endoscope system 1 includes a processor 2, a plurality of endoscopes (hereinafter referred to as scopes) 3, an external device 4, an instruction unit 5, a monitor 6 as a display device, and a recording device 7. It has.
- the scope 3, the external device 4, the instruction unit 5, the monitor 6, and the recording device 7 are connected to the outside of the processor 2.
- the scope 3 includes a plurality of (for example, two) scopes 31 and 32.
- One of the scopes 31 and 32 (for example, the scope 31) is a zoom endoscope provided with an optical zoom mechanism (a structure in which an optical zoom lens can be moved).
- the optical zoom function includes, for example, two focal points, a near point focus (hereinafter referred to as “Near”) and a far point focus (hereinafter referred to as “Far”).
- Each of the scopes 31 and 32 includes photoelectric conversion elements 31a and 32a and a scope switch (not shown) disposed in the operation unit of each scope.
- the photoelectric conversion element is an expression including a lens that forms a subject optical image and an imaging element such as a CCD that receives the subject image passing through the lens and outputs it as an electrical signal.
- the instruction means 5 is composed of any of a scope switch, a keyboard or a front panel (touch panel) as an external input instruction means, and inputs instructions for various operations, settings, and selections.
- the operation selection instruction means 6 includes a first setting for operating only the lens control means 221 when the instruction is given by the instruction means 5, a second setting for operating only the electronic zoom means 222, and the lens control means. 221 and the third setting in which the electronic zoom unit 222 operates together are instructed to select.
- the operation selection instruction means 6 for example, a specific key on a scope switch, a keyboard, a front panel (touch panel) or the like is assigned.
- the processor 2 includes a video signal input detection unit 21, a control unit 22, a synthesis / layout unit 23, a smoothing processing unit 24, and a hemoglobin (hereinafter referred to as IHb) calculation unit 25.
- IHb hemoglobin
- the video signal input detection means 21 detects a video signal input by identifying a scope identification number (hereinafter, scope ID) while detecting a synchronization signal of the video signal.
- the control unit 22 controls to output one video signal of a plurality of video signal inputs after detection of the video signal input as a main screen video signal and to output another video signal input as a sub screen video signal. Can do. At that time, it is possible to control so that only the video signal from the scope 31 having the optical zoom function is output as the main screen video signal and the video signal from the scope 32 and the video signal from the external device 4 are not output.
- the lens control unit 221 and the electronic zoom unit 222 can be used to process and output at an appropriate magnification.
- the electronic zoom unit 222 is used for the video signal from the scope 32.
- the small-screen video signal can be generated by processing at an appropriate reduction ratio.
- the control unit 22 includes a lens control unit 221, an electronic zoom unit 222, a child screen generation unit 223, a parameter setting unit 224, and a zoom control unit 225.
- the lens control means 221 changes the optical zoom magnification by controlling the position of the optical zoom lens.
- the optical zoom has a structure for zooming a photographed image by moving the zoom lens in the photographing optical axis direction so that the zoom lens can be moved back and forth at the distal end portion of the insertion portion of the scope 31. In this embodiment, there are two focal points, Far (far point) and Near (near point).
- the electronic zoom means 222 changes the electronic zoom magnification of the captured image photoelectrically converted by the photoelectric conversion element 31a.
- the electronic zoom performs image enlargement / reduction processing (hereinafter referred to as enlargement / reduction processing) by signal-processing the photoelectrically converted imaging signal and increasing / decreasing the number of pixels based on the captured pixels.
- the sub-screen generation unit 223 generates and outputs a sub-screen video signal at a reduction ratio corresponding to each display mode when the composition / layout unit 23 performs two-screen superimposed display or two-screen juxtaposition display.
- the parameter setting unit 224 sets the control parameter value of the lens control unit 221 and the zoom parameter of the electronic zoom unit 222 corresponding to the instruction from the instruction unit 5 and the instruction from the operation selection instruction unit 6.
- the zoom control unit 225 corresponds to the instruction by the instruction unit 5 and the instruction by the operation selection instruction unit 6 and the control parameter value of the lens control unit 221 set by the parameter setting unit 224 and the electronic zoom unit 222. Based on the zoom parameter, a control signal for changing the zoom magnification is output to the lens control unit 221 and the electronic zoom unit 222.
- the synthesizing / layout means 23 displays a picture-in-picture (hereinafter, PinP) or a picture-out-picture (hereinafter, PoutP) that is displayed side by side in a superposed display of the main screen video signal and the subscreen video signal.
- PinP picture-in-picture
- PoutP picture-out-picture
- the two video signals of the main screen video signal and the sub screen video signal are combined, and the layout of both on the display screen at the time of combining (the parallel display arranged in parallel on the left and right, or the parent and child to superimpose the sub screen on the main screen) Display, full-screen display of only an endoscopic image that can be optically zoomed, or full-screen display of only one of the input video signals).
- a numerical value such as an average value of IHb by the IHb calculating means 25 in a specific region or the entire region in the image may be additionally displayed on the screen.
- the synthesizing / layout means 23 can output two types of synthesized video signals, that is, a synthesized video signal laid out for monitor display and a synthesized video signal laid out for recording equipment. Of course, it is also possible to zoom only the endoscopic image from the control unit 22 and output it in full screen.
- the smoothing processing means 24 when displaying the child screen in a reduced size, depending on the reduction ratio, for example, the image of the child screen reduced by reducing it to 1/4 times the normal size and its image This is to prevent the image quality from deteriorating by smoothing the boundary portion in order to prevent the jaggy from occurring in the image at the boundary portion with the surrounding mask area (jagged portion in the boundary portion).
- smoothing is performed by interpolating pixels obtained by performing interpolation using peripheral pixels at the jagged boundary portion generated during the reduction process.
- the zoom operation mode in the endoscope system of the present embodiment described above includes an operation mode in which the optical zoom is operated alone, an operation mode in which the electronic zoom is operated alone, an operation mode in which the optical zoom and the electronic zoom are cooperatively operated, There are three operation modes. When the optical zoom and the electronic zoom operate in conjunction with each other, it is preferable to operate the electronic zoom after the optical zoom is always prioritized.
- Each processor is provided with a predetermined number of electronic zoom magnifications that can be selected in advance at specific transition steps of a series of setting operations.
- Processor A [OFF], [ ⁇ 1.2], [ ⁇ 1.5], [ ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ 1.2], [ ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ 1.5]
- Processor B [OFF], [ ⁇ 1.4], [ ⁇ 1.6], [ ⁇ 1.8 / 2.0], [ ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ 1.4], [ ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ 1.6], [ ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ 1.8 / 2.0]
- operation transition mode operation mode
- [OFF] means electronic zoom off (that is, electronic magnification interlocking off), and [ ⁇ 1.2] and [ ⁇ 1.5] correspond to the operation mode 1 and
- [ ⁇ 1.2] represents 1.2 times the normal size [ ⁇ 1.0]
- [ ⁇ 1.5] is 1.5 times the normal size [ ⁇ 1.0]. It represents something.
- [ ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ 1.2] and [ ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ 1.5] correspond to operation mode 2, and [ ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ 1.2] temporarily changes from the state set to the normal size [ ⁇ 1.0], and the magnification [ ⁇ 1.2 ] Indicates that the zoom setting is set, and [ ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ 1.5] indicates that the normal size [ ⁇ 1.0] is changed once and the zoom is set to the magnification [ ⁇ 1.5].
- the state transition can be performed by the user operating an electronic enlargement interlock button or a dedicated transition button.
- Processor B has the same notation. [ ⁇ 1.4], [ ⁇ 1.6] and [ ⁇ 1.8 / 2.0] correspond to operation mode 1, and [ ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ 1.4], [ ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ 1.6] and [ ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ 1.8 / 2.0] correspond to operation mode 2. It corresponds to. [ ⁇ 1.8 / 2.0] indicates that there may be [ ⁇ 1.8] or [ ⁇ 2.0] depending on the type of scope B.
- either [ ⁇ 1.4] [ ⁇ 1.6] [ ⁇ 1.8 / 2.0] corresponding to the operation mode 1 is set as the electronic zoom magnification setting when the electronic magnification interlocking mode is set.
- one of [ ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ 1.4] [ ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ 1.6] [ ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ 1.8 / 2.0] can be set corresponding to the operation mode 2.
- Operation mode 1 and operation mode 2 in conjunction with electronic magnification are different in setting and observation modes as described below.
- the setting screen for the magnification [ ⁇ 1.X] is, for example, as shown in FIG. When the cursor is pointed to the right frame of "Electronic Enlargement Linkage" on the setting screen, the magnifications that can be selected from the pull-down menu are displayed.
- the optical zoom can be controlled by one of two predetermined focal points, that is, a far point focus (Far) and a near point focus (Near). That is, for optical zoom, Far or Near is determined in advance for each transition step.
- the “electronic enlargement interlock” button of the scope switches provided in the operation unit of the scope is pressed to set the electronic enlargement interlock operation mode, and then the transition button is pressed.
- the zoom magnification states set in advance in the order of the following (1), (2), and (3) are transitioned to enable observation in each transition state.
- the “electronic enlargement” menu has four magnifications of ⁇ 1.0, ⁇ 1.4, ⁇ 1.6, and ⁇ 1.8 / 2.0, and these four can be toggled to change the magnification for observation. Yes.
- the optical zoom can be controlled with either one of two predetermined focal points, a far point focus (Far) and a near point focus (Near). That is, as for the optical zoom, as in the operation mode 1, Far or Near is determined in advance for each transition step.
- the transition state (1) control is performed so that only the optical zoom Far state is achieved.
- the electronic expansion control by the “electronic expansion” operation under the states (2) and (3) is permitted.
- the “electronic enlargement” menu has three magnifications of ⁇ 1.0, ⁇ 1.2, and ⁇ 1.5. Toggle with these three to change the magnification and observe.
- the “electronic enlargement” menu has four magnifications of ⁇ 1.0, ⁇ 1.4, ⁇ 1.6, and ⁇ 1.8 / 2.0, and these four can be toggled to change the magnification for observation. Yes.
- the electronic enlargement control is performed according to the “electronic enlargement interlocking” setting regardless of the electronic enlargement magnification under the condition (2). If X is set to 1.2, the optical zoom is set to Near and the electronic magnification is set to [ ⁇ 1.2].
- Fig. 2 shows the setting screen for the electronic enlargement link.
- This setting screen shows a state in which the observation setting “” screen is opened from the user menu displayed on the display screen of the monitor 7. Various settings necessary for observation can be performed.
- the “observation setting” screen includes a tab linked to electronic enlargement.
- processor A [OFF], [ ⁇ 1.2], [ ⁇ 1.5], [ ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ 1.2], [ ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ 1.5]
- Processor B [OFF], [ ⁇ 1.4], [ ⁇ 1.6], [ ⁇ 1.8 / 2.0], [ ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ 1.4], [ ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ 1.6], [ ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ 1.8 / 2.0] Setting values are provided.
- the image may be lost when repeated hits are repeated.
- the parameter setting processing time is delayed and repeated before the parameter display appears on the monitor.
- a parameter in an incomplete setting state is input.
- doubled parameters are input together.
- the software masks the parameter so that it will not accept the next parameter until the parameter is finalized (setting completed). Thereby, even if button operation is performed continuously, the operation
- FIG. 3 shows a configuration example of the optical zoom in the imaging unit in the endoscope.
- reference numeral 17 is an objective lens system
- 17a, 17b, 17c, 17d, and 17e are a plurality of lenses (including optical elements) constituting the objective lens system
- 18 is a CCD as an imaging element
- 19 is an imaging unit.
- 29 is an actuator
- 29a is an actuator moving part
- 29b is an actuator main body
- 33 is a lens frame
- 34 is a moving lens frame
- 34a is a lens holding frame part
- 34b penetrates a long groove (not shown) provided in the CCD frame 35.
- Reference numeral 34c denotes an actuator connecting portion
- 35 denotes a CCD frame.
- the cemented lens 17d can be set to move to any position within the movable range, with the movable range from the near view position to the far view position.
- the cemented lens 17d is movable within a movable range (moving range), and is set at a position indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. In this setting state, a near view focused on the near point side is imaged on the CCD 18.
- the actuator drive signal is supplied from the control unit 22 based on the zoom instruction.
- the cemented lens 17d is set to the rearmost position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 3, and this state is a far-field setting state at the far point side.
- this state is a far-field setting state at the far point side.
- the distant view is focused and focused on the CCD 18.
- the cemented lens 17d is moved back and forth on the optical axis O of the objective lens system 17 by the actuator 29, and the CCD 18 is moved from the near view (near point side) to the far view (far point side) as shown in FIG. Can image.
- FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the electronic zoom means in the processor.
- the electronic zoom means 222 includes an edge enhancement means 222a that generates an edge enhancement signal based on a captured image from the scope 31, and an electronic zoom area determination means that determines an electronic zoom area in the captured image based on the intensity of the edge enhancement signal. 222b, and electronic zooming is performed on the electronic zoom region determined by the electronic zoom region determining means 222b.
- an image is divided into 5 areas, and how many edge components are present in each area, that is, how much horizontal edge components and vertical edge components are present, is extracted. Select and electronically zoom the area.
- FIG. 5 shows five areas divided by the electronic zoom area determining means.
- the five areas are composed of five areas including a central portion and four corner peripheral portions on the display screen.
- FIG. 6 shows selection criteria for selecting an area based on the edge component as a result of edge extraction for each area.
- the area of the part where the edge component is the most dense is marked with ⁇ . If edge components are concentrated in the central area E, the area E is selected even in the areas A to D even if the edge detection amount is the same (equivalent).
- the electronic zoom region is determined based on the edge component of the captured image, but the electronic zoom region may be determined based on the brightness component of the captured image.
- the protruding portion such as a polyp on the inner wall is photographed brightly by irradiation of illumination light, so by measuring the brightness level of the captured image, the bright part of the image is used as the electronic zoom region. It can also be determined.
- the present invention is not limited to the case of focusing on two focal points, and can be applied to the case of focusing on a single focal point. Is possible.
- the optical zoom and the electronic zoom are provided as separate operation functions, so that each zoom magnification change needs to be adjusted individually. Further, in an endoscope equipped with an optical zoom and an electronic zoom, when the both zoom functions are operated in a coordinated manner, the operation procedure and the operation time are increased because only the individual function settings are performed. In response to such a problem, according to the embodiment of the present invention described above, in an endoscope provided with an optical zoom and an electronic zoom, the subject is operated by interlocking operation based on the interlocking setting of both zoom functions. Troublesome settings and operations are not required for observation, and an endoscope system with excellent operability can be realized.
- an image is divided into a plurality of areas, and an electronic zoom area is determined on the assumption that an area with a lot of edge components or brightness components is an area to be noticed in each area.
- an endoscope system with excellent operability can be provided.
- this two-screen composite display for example, PinP
- the aspect ratio, surface size, etc. differ between the monitor and the recording device, the PinP layout of the display monitor is recorded. If applied to the device as it is, the visibility of the PinP image of the recording device will deteriorate.
- FIGS. 7A-B to 9A-B propose a mode in which a two-screen composite display (aspect ratio 16: 9) is output to a recording device (same ratio 4: 3).
- the images shown in FIGS. 7A to 7A-B all show the image state when moving images are sent from the endoscope system to the monitor or recording device, and control of the monitor or recording device which is the output side device is shown. Does not mention.
- FIGS. 7A and 7B when the monitor 7 is in the HD (high resolution) 16: 9 display state (FIG. 7A), the endoscopic image and the external input image can be displayed in parallel so that they do not overlap. If output to the recording device 8 (SD (standard resolution) 4: 3) as shown in FIG. 7B as it is, the two images are excessively overlapped due to the difference in aspect ratio. Therefore, only the endoscopic image (or only the external input image) is output to the recording device 8 as shown in FIG. 7B.
- SD standard resolution
- the image on the monitor 7 is the same as that in FIGS. 7A and 7B.
- the size of the endoscopic image is smaller in the image of the recording device 8 than the external input image.
- the external input image is displayed as a parent screen
- the endoscope image is displayed as a child screen so that the parent and child are overlapped.
- the parent-child relationship may be reversed.
- the image on the monitor 7 is the same as that in FIGS. 7A and 7B, and the output of the recording device 8 at the time of image recording is not the original two types of superimposed images, but as shown in FIG. 9B.
- the endoscopic image and the external input image that are sequentially output to the recording device 8 output moving images every several seconds (that is, several tens of frames).
- the recording device 8 can record images of both the internal viewing image and the external input image in a large size.
- a PinP image can be output in an appropriate layout to the monitor and the recording device without performing detailed settings at the time of PinP display. It becomes possible.
- IHb color enhancement of hemoglobin
- IHb is a function for visualizing the stomach mucosa and the like by image processing.
- IHb is extracted and processed in the captured image range and displayed as an image on the monitor.
- the image processing range covers the entire imaging signal, and the image processing range captures the image.
- There is a central region mode that targets the center of the signal ie, the center of the monitor. At this time, the surgeon may want to know only the numerical value of IHb rather than displaying an image related to the extracted and processed IHb.
- FIGS. 10 to 13 show a combination of the calculated IHb value, an endoscopic image corresponding to the presence or absence of IHb image processing, and a display mode for visualization.
- FIG. 10 shows a normal endoscopic image 7a that is not subjected to image processing related to IHb in the center region mode, and displays an IHb average value (symbol 7b).
- FIG. 11 shows the image 7c on which the image processing related to IHb in the central area mode is superimposed and the IHb average value (symbol 7d).
- FIG. 12 shows a normal endoscopic image 7f that is not subjected to image processing related to IHb in the all-region mode, and shows an IHb average value (symbol 7d).
- FIG. 13 shows an image 7g subjected to image processing related to IHb in the all-region mode and an IHb average value (symbol 7d). Thereby, the operator can see the actual numerical value and which side is actually inflamed by the color difference by using the processed image 7g.
- the surgeon can quickly know the value of IHb even in a state where image processing relating to IHb is not performed, and the convenience during diagnosis can be increased.
- the size of the original image is reduced by a fraction of the image displayed as the sub-screen. Since the monitor generally interlaces the odd and even horizontal scanning lines of each of the odd and even fields alternately, the odd number is simply used when creating a small-screen image with a reduction ratio of 1/3.
- an image that is thinned by 1/3 horizontally and vertically is generated. Is done.
- Such a diagnostic image is usually displayed with an octagonal outline in a mask area on the screen.
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Abstract
Description
図1は本発明の一実施形態の内視鏡システムの全体構成のブロック図を示している。
光学ズーム機能としては、例えば近点フォーカス(以下、Near)及び遠点フォーカス(以下、Far)の2焦点を備えたものである。
指示手段5は、外部入力指示手段としてのスコープスイッチ,キーボードまたはフロントパネル(タッチパネル)などのいずれかで構成され、各種の動作,設定,及び選択についての指示を入力するものである。
制御部22は、映像信号入力検知後の複数の映像信号入力のうちの1つの映像信号を親画面映像信号として出力し、他の映像信号入力を子画面映像信号として出力するように制御することができる。その際、光学ズーム機能を備えたスコープ31からの映像信号のみを親画面映像信号として出力し、スコープ32からの映像信号や外部機器4からの映像信号を出力させないように制御することもできる。このようにスコープ31からの映像信号のみを親画面映像信号として出力し、スコープ32からの映像信号や外部機器4からの映像信号を出力させない場合には、スコープ31からの映像信号に対してはレンズ制御手段221及び電子ズーム手段222を用いて適宜の拡大倍率で処理して出力することができる。なお、スコープ31からの映像信号を親画面映像信号として出力し、スコープ32からの映像信号を子画面映像信号として出力する場合には、スコープ32からの映像信号に対して電子ズーム手段222を用いて適宜の縮小倍率で処理して子画面映像信号を作成することができる。
レンズ制御手段221は、光学系ズームレンズの位置を制御して光学ズーム倍率を変更するものである。光学ズームは、スコープ31の挿入部の先端部分でズームレンズを撮影光軸方向に進退可能に移動して撮影画像をズーミングする構造となっている。本実施形態では、Far(遠点),Near(近点)の2焦点となっている。
パラメータ設定手段224は、指示手段5による指示と前記動作選択指示手段6による指示とに対応する、前記レンズ制御手段221の制御パラメータ値と前記電子ズーム手段222のズームパラメータとを設定する。
プロセッサA:[OFF]、[×1.2]、[×1.5]、[×1.0⇒1.2]、[×1.0⇒1.5]
プロセッサB:[OFF]、[×1.4]、[×1.6]、[×1.8/2.0]、[×1.0⇒1.4]、[×1.0⇒1.6]、[×1.0⇒1.8/2.0]
なお、電子拡大連動の動作遷移態様(動作モード)にはどのプロセッサA,Bについても後述する二種類の動作モード1,2がある。
《動作モード1》
(設定時)
「電子拡大連動」=[×1.X]の選択時 倍率1.XとしてはプロセッサA用として1.2及び1.5のいずれか、プロセッサB用として1.4,1.6及び1.8/2.0のいずれかをユーザーが選択して設定可能となっている。倍率[×1.X]の設定画面は例えば図2に示すようになっている。設定画面の「電子拡大連動」の右側枠にカーソルをポイントするとプルダウンメニューで等で選択可能な倍率が表示される。
「電子拡大連動」のパラメータ設定後、まずスコープの操作部に設けられているスコープスイッチのうちの「電子拡大連動」ボタンを押し電子拡大連動の動作モードとした後、次に遷移ボタンを押す。遷移ボタンを押す度に、下記の(1),(2),(3)の順に予め設定したズーム倍率状態を遷移させて、各遷移状態での観察をすることが可能となる。
(2) Near&電子拡大[×1.X]
(3) Far&電子拡大[×1.0]
下記に(1)~(3)に関連する、制御部22の制御動作を説明する。
まず、遷移状態(1)では光学ズームのFarのみの状態に制御する。
次に、遷移状態(2)に移行すると、(2)状態下の「電子拡大」操作による電子拡大制御を許可する。つまり、「電子拡大連動」用のメニューとは別に「電子拡大」というメニューがあって、プロセッサAの場合、「電子拡大」メニューには×1.0,×1.2,×1.5という3つの倍率があって、この3つでトグルして倍率変更して観察可能となっている。プロセッサBの場合は、「電子拡大」メニューには×1.0,×1.4,×1.6,×1.8/2.0という4つの倍率があって、この4つでトグルして倍率変更して観察可能となっている。
(設定時)
「電子拡大連動」=[×1.0⇒1.X]選択時 倍率遷移{×1.0⇒1.X]における倍率1.XとしてはプロセッサA用として1.2及び1.5のいずれか、プロセッサB用として1.4,1.6及び1.8/2.0のいずれかを設定可能となっている。
動作モード1との違いは、上記の(1)Farと(2)Near&電子拡大[×1.X]の間に、下記の(2)Near&電子拡大[×1.0]のステップを挿入したものである。それ故、遷移ボタンを押すと、下記の(1)Farから(3)Near&電子拡大[×1.X]に移行する前に、一旦、電子拡大しない標準状態である(2)Near&電子拡大[×1.0]のステップに移行した後、次の(3)Near&電子拡大[×1.X]に移行する。更にその後、(4)のFar&電子拡大[×1.0]に移行する。
(2) Near&電子拡大[×1.0]
(3) Near&電子拡大[×1.X]
(4) Far&電子拡大[×1.0]
下記に(1)~(4)に関連する、制御部22の制御動作を説明する。
次に、遷移状態(2)を経て遷移状態(3)に移行すると、(2)(3)状態下の「電子拡大」操作による電子拡大制御を許可する。つまり、「電子拡大連動」用のメニューとは別に「電子拡大」というメニューがあって、プロセッサAの場合、「電子拡大」メニューには×1.0,×1.2,×1.5という3つの倍率があって、この3つでトグルして倍率変更して観察可能となっている。プロセッサBの場合は、「電子拡大」メニューには×1.0,×1.4,×1.6,×1.8/2.0という4つの倍率があって、この4つでトグルして倍率変更して観察可能となっている。
プロセッサA:[OFF]、[×1.2]、[×1.5]、[×1.0⇒1.2]、[×1.0⇒1.5]
プロセッサB:[OFF]、[×1.4]、[×1.6]、[×1.8/2.0]、[×1.0⇒1.4]、[×1.0⇒1.6]、[×1.0⇒1.8/2.0]
の設定値が用意されている。
図3において、符号17は対物レンズ系、17a,17b,17c,17d,17eは対物レンズ系17を構成する複数のレンズ(光学素子を含む)、18は撮像素子としてのCCD、19は撮像ユニット、29はアクチュエータ、29aはアクチュエータ移動部、29bはアクチュエータ本体、33はレンズ枠、34は移動レンズ枠、34aはレンズ保持枠部、34bはCCD枠35に設けた長溝(図示略)内を貫通するアーム部、34cはアクチュエータ連結部、35はCCD枠である。
このように、接合レンズ17dをアクチュエータ29により対物レンズ系17の光軸O上を前後に移動して、図3に示すように近景(近点側)から遠景(遠点側)までをCCD18に結像できる。
電子ズーム手段222は、スコープ31からの撮像画像に基づき輪郭強調信号を生成する輪郭強調手段222aと、前記輪郭強調信号の強度に基づき、前記撮像画像における電子ズーム領域を決定する電子ズーム領域決定手段222bとを備え、前記電子ズーム領域決定手段222bにより決定された電子ズーム領域に対して、電子ズームを行う。
5つの領域は、表示画面における中央部と4隅の周辺部を含む5つの領域で構成される。
図10は、中央領域モードでのIHbに関する画像処理を施さないままの通常の内視鏡画像7aを表示したものであり、IHb平均値(符号7b)を表示したものである。この場合、中央領域モードであることを「IHb_p=」の表記形態によって視認することができる。術者は、このIHbの数値さえみれば、どれ位の症状なのかが分かるので、画像としては通常の画像7aを表示しているが、通常の画像7aと共に算出したIHb数値(符号7b)だけを載せている。
Claims (4)
- 光学系ズームレンズを制御して光学ズーム倍率を変更するレンズ制御手段と、
前記光学系ズームレンズにより結像した像を光電変換する光電変換素子と、
前記光電変換素子により光電変換された撮像画像の電子ズーム倍率を変更する電子ズーム手段と、
画像の拡大・縮小を指示する指示手段と、
前記指示手段による指示が行われた時、前記レンズ制御手段のみが動作する第1の設定と、前記電子ズーム手段のみが動作する第2の設定と、前記レンズ制御手段と前記電子ズーム手段とが共に動作する第3の設定と、を選択指示する動作選択指示手段と、
前記指示手段による指示と前記動作選択指示手段による設定とに対応する、前記レンズ制御手段の制御パラメータ値と前記電子ズーム手段のズームパラメータとを設定するパラメータ設定手段と、
前記指示手段による指示と前記動作選択指示手段による指示とに対応する、前記パラメータ設定手段により設定された前記レンズ制御手段の制御パラメータ値と前記電子ズーム手段のズームパラメータとに基づき、前記レンズ制御手段と前記電子ズーム手段とに制御信号を出力するズーム制御手段と、
を備えたことを特徴とする内視鏡システム。 - 前記電子ズーム手段は、
前記撮像画像から輪郭強調信号を生成する輪郭強調手段と、
前記輪郭強調信号の強度に基づき、前記撮像画像における電子ズーム領域を決定する電子ズーム領域決定手段と、を備え、
前記電子ズーム領域決定手段により決定された前記電子ズーム領域に対して、電子ズームを行うことを特徴とする請求項1記載の内視鏡システム。 - 前記電子ズーム領域決定手段は、前記撮像画像のエッジ成分に基づき電子ズーム領域を決定することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の内視鏡システム。
- 前記電子ズーム領域決定手段は、前記撮像画像の明るさ成分に基づき電子ズーム領域を決定することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の内視鏡システム。
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