WO2012137303A1 - 集塵用フィルタ、それを備えた集塵装置、及び、集塵用フィルタの製造方法 - Google Patents
集塵用フィルタ、それを備えた集塵装置、及び、集塵用フィルタの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012137303A1 WO2012137303A1 PCT/JP2011/058605 JP2011058605W WO2012137303A1 WO 2012137303 A1 WO2012137303 A1 WO 2012137303A1 JP 2011058605 W JP2011058605 W JP 2011058605W WO 2012137303 A1 WO2012137303 A1 WO 2012137303A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- dust
- filter cloth
- surface side
- dust collection
- Prior art date
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/08—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/02—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/02—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
- B01D46/04—Cleaning filters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/02—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
- B01D46/06—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material with means keeping the working surfaces flat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
- B01D46/70—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter
- B01D46/71—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter with pressurised gas, e.g. pulsed air
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
- B01D2239/065—More than one layer present in the filtering material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
- B01D2239/065—More than one layer present in the filtering material
- B01D2239/0659—The layers being joined by needling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2275/00—Filter media structures for filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D2275/10—Multiple layers
Definitions
- the filter cloth formed in a cylindrical shape is configured by laminating a base fabric layer made of a woven fabric and a filter layer made of a nonwoven fabric bonded to at least the filtration surface side of the base fabric layer, Dust collected by passing dust-containing air from the filtration surface side of the filter cloth to the filtration back surface side and performing filtration while passing a backflow air from the filtration back surface side of the filter cloth to the filtration surface side.
- the present invention relates to a dust collection filter that is configured to remove the dust, a dust collection device that includes the dust collection filter, and a method for manufacturing the dust collection filter.
- a filter filter having a filter cloth shape As a filter for collecting dust in a dust collector, a filter filter having a filter cloth shape (bag filter) is often used.
- the filter cloth a structure in which a filter layer made of a nonwoven fabric is bonded to the filtration surface side of a base cloth layer made of a woven cloth to form a laminated state is often used (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- the woven fabric of the base fabric layer in the filter fabric is formed by weaving warps and wefts.
- a dust collecting filter formed in a cylindrical shape has a warp direction parallel to the cylindrical axis direction of the cylindrical filter cloth, and a weft direction perpendicular to the cylindrical axis direction. It is arranged to become.
- the dust collector is operated, and dust is trapped in the dust collector filter by passing dust-containing air from the filtration surface side of the filter cloth in the dust collection filter to the filtration back surface side.
- the filter for dust collection becomes clogged in the filter layer, and pressure loss increases.
- the direction of the warp in the woven fabric of the base fabric layer is parallel to the cylinder axis direction of the filter cloth formed in a cylindrical shape, and the weft was arranged so as to be perpendicular to the cylinder axis direction (the directions of the warp and the weft may be reversed).
- the filter for dust collection is vibrated or expanded / contracted, the displacement in the surface direction (cylinder circumferential direction) of the filter layer is limited by the weft, so the filter layer is positive in the surface direction (cylinder circumferential direction). Did not work.
- the configuration is not such that the filter can be positively displaced toward the filtration surface side (cylinder radial direction side) of the dust collection filter.
- dust collected on the filtration surface of the dust collection filter is removed by passage of the backflow airflow.
- the action of positively expanding and contracting the filter layer in the surface direction does not work as described above, it has been difficult to efficiently remove dust that has entered the dust collection filter.
- the present invention improves the efficiency of dust removal during regeneration of the dust collection filter, saves energy by reducing the average pressure loss of the dust collection filter, and reduces the filter life.
- An object of the present invention is to realize a dust collecting filter capable of extending the service life of the dust collector and to realize a dust collecting apparatus equipped with the dust collecting filter.
- a dust collecting filter includes a base cloth layer formed of a woven cloth and a non-woven cloth in which a filter cloth formed in a cylindrical shape is bonded to at least the filtration surface side of the base cloth layer.
- a filter layer comprising: a filter layer comprising: filter-filtered by passing dust-containing air from a filter surface side of the filter cloth to a filter back surface side; and from the filter back surface side of the filter cloth to the filter surface side.
- the dust collecting filter is configured to allow a countercurrent airflow to pass therethrough and to remove the collected dust
- the first characteristic configuration thereof is a warp constituting the woven fabric of the base fabric layer
- One and the other of the weft and the weft are in a point inclined with respect to the cylinder circumferential direction of the filter cloth formed in the cylinder shape.
- the filter cloth formed in a cylindrical shape is configured by laminating a base fabric layer made of a woven fabric and a filter layer made of a nonwoven fabric bonded to at least the filtration surface side of the base fabric layer.
- a bag filter one and the other of the warp and the weft constituting the woven fabric of the base fabric layer are arranged to be inclined with respect to the cylinder circumferential direction of the filter cloth formed in a cylindrical shape. Therefore, the displacement of the cylindrically formed filter cloth to the filtration surface side (cylinder radial direction side) is not limited by any of the warp and the weft constituting the woven fabric of the base fabric layer. .
- the reverse flow from the filtration back surface side to the filtration surface side of the filter cloth is performed.
- the dust is attached to the filtration surface of the dust collecting filter by passing the air flow.
- the filter cloth is filtered on the filtration surface side by the backflow air flowing from the filtration back side of the filter cloth to the filtration surface side. And the original position is restored by stopping the backflow.
- one and the other of the warp and the weft constituting the woven fabric of the base fabric layer are arranged so as to be inclined with respect to the cylinder circumferential direction of the filter cloth formed in a cylindrical shape. Therefore, the displacement of the filter layer in the surface direction (cylinder circumferential direction) is not limited by either one or the other of the warp and the weft, and as a result, the filter surface side of the filter cloth ( The displacement to the cylinder radial direction side is not limited (that is, a certain amount of displacement is allowed). In this case, the crossing angle between the warp and the weft in the base cloth layer of the filter cloth can be changed relatively greatly as the filter cloth is displaced toward the filtration surface.
- the expansion and contraction in the surface direction of the filter layer made of the nonwoven fabric bonded to at least the filtration surface side of the base fabric layer occurs greatly.
- the filter layer is comprised with the nonwoven fabric formed in which a fine fiber is entangled, the expansion-contraction of the surface direction of a filter layer will change the shape of the clearance gap between these fine fibers over the whole surface. Accordingly, the dust collected in the filter layer is appropriately dispersed and crushed while the aggregation is suppressed, and can be easily detached from the filter layer made of a nonwoven fabric. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a dust collection filter that can improve the dust removal efficiency and can realize energy saving and longer filter life by reducing the average pressure loss of the dust collection filter.
- the second characteristic configuration of the dust collecting filter according to the present invention is such that one of the warp and the weft is inclined with respect to a cylindrical circumferential direction of the filter cloth formed in the cylindrical shape.
- the inclination angle is in the range of 30 to 60 degrees.
- one of the warp and the weft is formed in a cylindrical shape because the inclination angle with respect to the cylindrical circumferential direction of the filter cloth formed in the cylindrical shape is within a range of 30 degrees to 60 degrees.
- the displacement restriction by one of the warp and the weft is small.
- the inclination angle at which one of the warp and the weft is inclined with respect to the cylinder circumferential direction of the filter cloth formed in a cylindrical shape is 45 degrees
- the filtration surface side (cylinder diameter) of the filter cloth formed in the cylinder shape In the range deviating from this angle, the inclination angle at which one of the warp and the weft is inclined with respect to the cylinder circumferential direction of the filter cloth formed in a cylindrical shape is within the range of 30 to 60 degrees, the displacement of the filter cloth formed in a cylindrical shape toward the filtration surface can be caused more reliably.
- the displacement of the filter cloth toward the filtration surface side contributes precisely to the change in the crossing angle between the warp and weft of the base fabric layer, and as described above, in the surface direction of the filter layer made of nonwoven fabric.
- the dust that is expanded and contracted and collected in the filter layer is appropriately dispersed and crushed while the aggregation is suppressed, so that it can be easily detached from the filter layer made of nonwoven fabric.
- the third characteristic configuration of the dust collecting filter according to the present invention is such that the other of the warp and the weft is in the cylindrical axis direction of the filter cloth formed in the cylindrical shape. It is in the point where it is arranged.
- the filter cloth since the other of the warp and the weft is arranged in the cylinder axis direction of the filter cloth formed in a cylindrical shape, the filter cloth applied to the dust collecting filter in the cylinder axis direction. There is little expansion and contraction with respect to force (tensile force), and a stable state can be achieved.
- the fourth characteristic configuration of the dust collecting filter according to the present invention is such that the other of the warp and the weft is in the cylinder axis direction of the filter cloth formed in the cylindrical shape. It is in the point arrange
- the filter formed in the cylinder shape is used. Due to the displacement of the cloth to the filtration surface side (cylinder radial direction side), the filter cloth formed in the cylindrical shape can be expanded and contracted in the cylinder axis direction. Therefore, the displacement of the filter cloth toward the filtration surface side (cylinder radial direction side) accurately contributes to the change in the crossing angle between the warp and the weft of the base fabric layer.
- the change in the crossing angle between the warp and the weft of the base fabric layer causes the expansion and contraction in the surface direction of the filter layer made of nonwoven fabric as described above, and the dust collected in the filter layer is moderately suppressed while agglomeration is suppressed. It is dispersed and crushed and can be easily detached from the filter layer made of nonwoven fabric.
- the other of the warp and the weft is inclined with respect to a cylindrical axis direction of the filter cloth formed in the cylindrical shape.
- the inclination angle is in the range of 30 to 60 degrees.
- the other of the warp and the weft is formed in a cylindrical shape because the angle of inclination with respect to the cylindrical axis direction of the filter cloth formed in the cylindrical shape is in the range of 30 to 60 degrees.
- the displacement of the filter cloth to the filtration surface side contributes more accurately to the change in the crossing angle between the warp and the weft of the base fabric layer. That is, if the inclination angle at which the other of the warp and the weft is inclined with respect to the cylinder axis direction of the filter cloth formed in the cylindrical shape is 45 degrees, the filter cloth formed in the cylinder shape expands and contracts in the cylinder axis direction.
- the inclination angle at which the other of the warp and the weft is inclined with respect to the cylinder axis direction of the filter cloth formed in a cylindrical shape is 30 to 60 degrees. If it is within the range, the displacement of the filter cloth formed in the cylindrical shape toward the filtration surface side, or the expansion and contraction of the filter cloth formed in the cylinder shape in the cylinder axis direction can be caused more reliably.
- the change in the crossing angle between the warp and the weft of the base fabric layer causes the expansion and contraction in the surface direction of the filter layer made of nonwoven fabric as described above, and the dust collected in the filter layer is appropriately dispersed and suppressed while agglomeration is suppressed. Since it is crushed, it can be easily detached from the filter layer made of non-woven fabric.
- a sixth characteristic configuration of the dust collecting filter according to the present invention is that, in addition to any one of the first to fifth characteristic configurations, the filter cloth formed in the cylindrical shape is cylindrical.
- the displacement of the dust collecting filter toward the filtration surface side is equivalent to the displacement of the filter cloth forming the side peripheral surface of the cylinder. Will be allowed to. And, for example, when it is formed into a rectangular tube shape, it does not receive a resistance against the displacement at its corners, so the displacement in the cylindrical radial direction is good for the change in the crossing angle between the warp and the weft. Will be converted.
- the change in the crossing angle between the warp and weft of the base fabric layer causes expansion and contraction in the surface direction of the filter layer made of non-woven fabric as described above, so that dust collected on the filter layer is moderately suppressed while agglomeration is suppressed. It can be easily dispersed from the filter layer made of nonwoven fabric.
- the base fabric layer is formed by spirally winding a woven fabric woven in a band shape. It is formed in a cylindrical shape and stitched.
- the base fabric layer is formed by spirally winding a woven fabric woven in a strip shape into a tubular shape and stitching, so that the warp yarns constituting the woven fabric of the base fabric layer and Cutting a belt-shaped woven fabric as much as possible with a dust collecting filter configured such that one of the weft and the other of the warp and the weft is inclined with respect to the cylindrical circumferential direction of the filter cloth formed in a cylindrical shape And can be easily manufactured.
- the portion that cannot be used in the woven fabric woven in a band shape when manufacturing the dust collecting filter is only the triangular portion at both ends of the band shape.
- the belt-shaped woven fabric is spirally wound to form a cylinder, and the spiral shape If the long sides of the adjacent strip-shaped woven fabrics are stitched together while being wound on one side, one and the other of the warp and weft constituting the base fabric layer in the filter fabric formed in a cylindrical shape are formed in the cylindrical shape.
- the inclined filter cloth is surely inclined with respect to the cylinder circumferential direction. For example, if a rectangular woven fabric is cut diagonally, a rectangular woven fabric in which warps or wefts are inclined with respect to each side can be obtained. However, in this case, do not use each corner portion of the original woven fabric. Therefore, the yield is not good. Therefore, the filter for dust collection which can be manufactured easily and can use the woven fabric with a high yield can be obtained.
- An eighth characteristic configuration of the dust collecting filter according to the present invention is the filter cloth in which the non-stretchable string-like body is formed in the cylindrical shape in addition to any one of the first to seventh characteristic configurations.
- the filter cloth is constructed between an upper part and a lower part, and the filter cloth is supported in a covered state on a support body formed in a cylindrical bowl shape through which air can flow.
- the non-stretchable string-like body is laid between the upper part and the lower part of the filter cloth, the tubular and hook-like support body is inserted into the filter cloth and the filter cloth is inserted.
- the string-like body prevents the filter cloth from being stretched in the cylindrical axis direction by the frictional force with the support to be inserted, and the insertion tip of the support Can be securely inserted to the tip of the filter cloth.
- the insertion tip of the support when inserting a cylindrical bowl-shaped support from the opening formed on the base end side of the filter cloth and covering the filter cloth on the support, the insertion tip of the support The outer periphery of the filter cloth moves toward the tip while abutting against the inner surface of the filter cloth, so that the filter cloth is stretched in the cylinder axis direction, and the insertion tip of the support is moved to the tip of the filter cloth. ), The excess portion of the filter cloth may be formed between the insertion tip portion of the support and the tip portion of the filter cloth.
- the filter cloth is restricted from extending in the cylinder axis direction of the filter cloth by the non-stretchable string-like body disposed from the upper part to the lower part thereof.
- the filter cloth can be appropriately prevented from being stretched in the cylinder axis direction. It becomes.
- the string-like body is used which has at least a stretchability smaller than that of the filter cloth (referred to as “non-stretchability” in the present application).
- the insertion tip of the support is made to be the tip of the filter cloth (place (Insertion position at the stage) can be reliably inserted.
- the filter cloth is configured to include a base cloth layer that easily expands and contracts in the cylinder axis direction of the filter cloth, the insertion tip of the support is securely inserted to the tip of the filter cloth. be able to.
- the first characteristic configuration of the dust collecting apparatus is such that a dust collection filter having any one of the first to eighth characteristic configurations is formed so that air can flow therethrough. It is supported by a support and is filtered by passing dust-containing air from the filtration surface side of the filter cloth to the filtration back surface side of the dust collection filter. When dust is removed, the dust collection filter The backflow airflow is passed from the filtration back surface side of the filter cloth to the filtration surface side, and the collected dust is removed.
- the dust collection filter is supported by the support body formed so that air can flow therethrough, both at the time of filtration and at the time of dust removal in the dust collection filter.
- a backflow airflow is passed from the filtration back surface side of the filter cloth in the dust collection filter to the filtration surface side so that the filter cloth is moved to the filtration surface side.
- the dust collection filter having the above first to eighth characteristic configurations is supported on a support and used to achieve good regeneration when dust is removed, and the dust collection The dust collector which can realize the energy saving and the long life of the filter by reducing the average pressure loss of the filter is obtained.
- the second feature configuration of the dust collecting apparatus is the method of filtering while passing dust-containing air from the filtration surface side of the filter cloth to the filtration back surface side.
- the high-pressure air as a backflow airflow is intermittently ejected to remove dust collected.
- the dust-collected air is intermittently jetted from the filtration surface side of the filter cloth from the filtration surface side to the filtration back side, and the high-pressure air as the countercurrent airflow is intermittently ejected. Since it is a so-called pulse jet type dust collector that drops, the filter cloth in the dust collection filter is largely displaced toward the filtration surface side by high-pressure air, and warps and wefts of the base cloth layer of the filter cloth Will greatly change the angle of intersection. Furthermore, the backflow airflow is intermittently ejected, whereby the displacement of the filter cloth to the filtration surface side as described above is repeated intermittently.
- a third characteristic configuration of the dust collector according to the present invention is such that, in addition to the first or second characteristic configuration, a tension is applied to the dust collecting filter in a cylindrical axis direction of a filter cloth formed in a cylindrical shape. It is in the point provided with the tension providing means to do.
- the dust collecting filter is provided with tension applying means for applying tension in the cylindrical axis direction of the filter cloth formed in a cylindrical shape, and is thus collected on the filtration surface of the filter cloth.
- the tension applying means When the filter cloth is displaced to the filtration surface side due to the backflow airflow passing from the filtration back surface side of the filter cloth to the filtration surface side in the dust collection filter when dust is removed, the tension applying means has a stable restoring force. It will be granted.
- the tension applied by the tension applying means is
- the filter cloth is stretched along the cylinder axis direction, that is, it works in a direction in which the angle formed by the cylinder axis direction of the filter cloth and the warp is reduced.
- the displacement of the filter cloth toward the filtration surface side works in the direction of increasing the angle formed by the cylinder axis direction of the filter cloth and the warp, so that the tension by the tension applying means and the filtration surface side of the filter cloth are moved to the filtration surface side.
- the displacement of the filter cloth toward the filtration surface side oscillates until the equilibrium state is restored after the displacement of the filter cloth to the filtration surface side. It will decay. Therefore, the change in the crossing angle between the warp and the weft of the base cloth layer of the filter cloth accompanying the displacement of the filter cloth toward the filtration surface side also vibrates in the same manner, and the dust collected in the filter layer aggregates. It is properly dispersed and crushed while being suppressed. Accordingly, it is possible to obtain a dust collector capable of realizing better regeneration when dust is removed and saving energy and extending the filter life by reducing the average pressure loss of the dust collection filter.
- the vibration as described above hardly occurs, but is given by the tension applying means. Since the applied tension acts as a drag against the displacement of the filter cloth toward the filtration surface, the filter cloth tries to return to its original state immediately after the displacement toward the filtration surface. For this reason, the change in the crossing angle between the warp and the weft of the base cloth layer of the filter cloth also occurs promptly, and the dust collected in the filter layer is appropriately dispersed and crushed while agglomeration is suppressed.
- a method for producing a dust collecting filter according to the present invention includes a base fabric layer made of a woven fabric and a filter layer made of a nonwoven fabric bonded to at least the filtration surface side of the base fabric layer.
- a filter for dust collection formed by forming a filter cloth formed into a cylindrical shape,
- the characteristic configuration is that one and the other of the warp and the weft constituting the woven fabric of the base fabric layer is inclined with respect to the cylinder circumferential direction of the filter cloth formed in the cylindrical shape, and the filter cloth is cylindrical. The point is to form.
- one and the other of the warp and the weft constituting the woven fabric of the base fabric layer is inclined with respect to the cylinder circumferential direction of the filter cloth formed in a cylindrical shape so that the filter cloth is cylindrical. Therefore, the dust collection filter having the first characteristic configuration can be obtained.
- FIG. 11 It is a figure showing the method of forming the filter for dust collection concerning another embodiment in a cylinder shape. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view and cross-sectional view which show the structure of the filter cloth and strip
- the dust collector of this invention is demonstrated.
- the inside of the housing 2 is divided into a dust-containing air introduction chamber 4 (also referred to as a dirty side) and a purified air chamber 5 (also referred to as a clean side) by a partition wall 3. It is divided and formed.
- the dust-containing air introduction chamber 4 is provided with a tapered falling dust receiving portion 4b at the lower portion, and a falling dust discharge port 4c is provided at the tapered bottom portion. Further, a dust-containing air introduction port 4 a for introducing the dust-containing air A into the dust-containing air introduction chamber 4 is provided at the side of the dust-containing air introduction chamber 4.
- a purified air suction pipe 6 having a suction device 7 is connected to the purified air chamber 5.
- a high-pressure air introduction pipe 8 is provided in which one end side is closed and a compressed air tank as high-pressure air supply means B is connected to the other end side while penetrating the side wall of the purified air chamber 5.
- a compressor for supplying high-pressure air is connected to the compressed air tank.
- a valve 11 is provided on the high-pressure air supply pipe B side of the high-pressure air introduction pipe 8 to switch the supply and stop of the high-pressure air into the high-pressure air introduction pipe 8.
- the high-pressure air introduction pipe 8 is provided with a high-pressure air ejection nozzle 9 at a position corresponding to each upper part of the plurality of openings 3 a formed in the partition wall 3.
- the valve 11 can be switched between a state in which high-pressure air as a backflow airflow H is sent and a state in which it is not sent to each of the high-pressure air ejection nozzles 9 by opening and closing the valve 11.
- a control device (not shown) is connected to the valve 11, and a difference between the gas pressure in the dust-containing air introduction chamber 4 and the gas pressure in the purified air chamber 5 is greater than a set value by a pressure detection unit (not shown).
- a pressure detection unit not shown
- the filter cloth P constituting the dust collection filter F includes a base fabric layer 20 made of a woven fabric, and a filter layer 21 a made of a nonwoven fabric bonded to the filtration surface side of the base fabric layer 20. And a filter layer 21b made of a nonwoven fabric bonded to the filtration back surface side of the base fabric layer 20, and this filter cloth P is formed in a bag shape having an open top so as to form a dust collecting filter F. Is configured.
- the base fabric layer 20 is composed of a woven fabric woven in a belt shape in which the warp yarn 20a and the weft yarn 20b are orthogonal to each other and are not clogged.
- the base fabric layer 20 and the filter layers 21a and 21b are entangled with each other by a needle punch.
- bonding methods such as the coupling
- it can also comprise so that only the filter layer 21a of the filtration surface side of the base fabric layer 20 may be provided among the filter layers 21a and 21b.
- the filter layers 21a and 21b may be collectively referred to as the filter layer 21, but when described in this way, the configuration including only the filter layer 21a or the configuration including both the filter layers 21a and 21b. One or both of them.
- the base fabric layer 20 combined with the filter layer 21 is in a state in which the warp yarn 20a and the weft yarn 20b are orthogonal to each other as shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b).
- the belt-shaped woven fabric is cut into a rectangular shape that is inclined with respect to each side of the woven fabric, and the opposite sides n and m are stitched together to form a cylinder.
- one and the other of the warp 20a and the weft 20b which comprise the woven fabric of the base fabric layer 20 incline with respect to the cylinder circumferential direction Y of the filter cloth P formed in the cylinder shape. It will be arranged (hereinafter also referred to as bias).
- the inclination angle at which one of the warp yarn 20a and the weft yarn 20b in the base fabric layer 20 of the filter F for dust collection formed in a cylinder is inclined with respect to the cylinder circumferential direction Y of the filter cloth P formed in a cylinder.
- angle ⁇ in FIG. 4B is configured to be within a range of 30 degrees to 60 degrees. That is, when the inclination angle ⁇ (configured at 45 degrees in FIG.
- the filter cloth P formed in a cylindrical shape has its filtration surface side ( (Displacement in the cylinder radial direction side), the displacement restriction by one of the warp yarn 20a and the weft yarn 20b is small, and the displacement causes a change in the crossing angle between the warp yarn 20a and the weft yarn 20b of the base fabric layer 20. It will contribute precisely.
- the change in the crossing angle between the warp yarn 20a and the weft yarn 20b of the base fabric layer 20 causes expansion and contraction in the direction along the surface direction (cylindrical circumferential direction Y) of the filter layer 21 made of nonwoven fabric as described above.
- the dust collected in the water is appropriately dispersed and crushed while the aggregation is suppressed, and can be easily detached from the filter layer 21 made of a nonwoven fabric.
- the inclination angle (angle ⁇ in FIG. 4B) at which the other one of the warp yarn 20a and the weft yarn 20b is inclined with respect to the cylinder axis direction X of the filter cloth P formed in a cylindrical shape is 30 to 60 degrees. It is comprised so that it may become in the range. That is, if the inclination angle at which the other one of the warp yarn 20a and the weft yarn 20b is inclined with respect to the tube axis direction X of the filter cloth P formed in a tube shape is 45 degrees as shown in FIG.
- the filter cloth P formed in the direction of expansion and contraction in the direction along the cylinder axis direction X is most likely to occur, but in the range deviating from this angle, the other of the warp yarn 20a and the weft yarn 20b is formed in a cylindrical shape. If the angle of inclination of the cloth P with respect to the cylinder axis direction X is within a range of 30 degrees to 60 degrees, the filter cloth P formed in a cylindrical shape is displaced toward the filtration surface side or formed in a cylindrical shape. The expansion and contraction of the filter cloth P in the direction along the cylinder axis direction X can be caused more reliably.
- the expansion and contraction in the direction along the cylinder axis direction X contributes to the change in the crossing angle between the warp yarn 20a and the weft yarn 20b of the base fabric layer 20, and the crossing angle between the warp yarn 20a and the weft yarn 20b of the base fabric layer 20 is increased.
- the change causes expansion and contraction in the direction along the surface direction (cylindrical circumferential direction Y) of the filter layer 21 made of nonwoven fabric as described above, so that the dust collected in the filter layer 21 is appropriately dispersed and suppressed while aggregation is suppressed. It is crushed and can be easily detached from the filter layer 21 made of nonwoven fabric.
- the intersection angle between the warp yarn 20a and the weft yarn 20b of the base fabric layer 20 is configured to be in the range of 60 degrees to 120 degrees.
- the dust collection filter F is configured to be attached to the opening 3 a in a state of being covered and supported by the support C.
- the support C is a cylindrical bar-like shape capable of allowing air to flow by welding a straight bar-like support bar 51 and a circular support ring 52 provided in a state of being spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the support bar 51.
- a flange 3f having a diameter larger than the diameter of the opening 3a provided in the partition wall 3 is provided at one end of the support C, and the flange 3f is a peripheral edge of the opening 3a. Placed and supported on the part.
- a press-contact holding portion 3b provided with a convex portion protruding toward the inner diameter side is suspended in a cylindrical shape on the dust-containing air introduction chamber 4 side at the peripheral edge portion of the opening 3a in the partition wall 3.
- a snap ring 3s fitted so as to be biased in the diameter expansion direction is provided immediately below the flange portion 3f of the support C, and the snap ring 3s is expanded in diameter.
- the filter cloth P is pressed from the inside while being sandwiched between the snap ring 3s and the convex portion of the pressure contact holding portion 3b. In this way, the dust collection filter F and the support C are in a state of being integrally fixed to the opening 3a.
- the bottom of the dust collecting filter F formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape is formed in a disc shape having a substantially the same diameter as the support ring 52.
- a shaping bottom plate 53 is provided.
- the shape-retaining bottom plate 53 is a member independent of the support C, and is placed and supported by the bottom of a dust collecting filter F configured in a bottomed cylindrical shape.
- the weight body 54 since the weight body 54 is provided in a state of being placed on the shape-retaining bottom plate 53, as shown in FIG. 2, the shape-retaining bottom plate 53 pushes down the bottom of the dust collecting filter F by its weight and supports it.
- the body C is in a state of being separated from the lowermost support ring 52a. At this time, tension is generated in the cylindrical axial direction X on the peripheral wall surface of the dust collecting filter F. That is, the weight body 54 serves as tension applying means for applying tension to the dust collecting filter F in the cylinder axis direction X.
- FIG. 5A shows a state of the dust collection filter F in a state where the operation of the dust collector 1 is stopped (referred to as an operation stop state).
- FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram illustrating a state of the warp yarn 20a and the weft yarn 20b of the base fabric layer 20 in the operation stop state.
- the warp yarn 20a and the weft yarn 20b are substantially perpendicular to each other, but in actuality, the warp yarn 20a is slightly stretched along the cylinder axis direction X of the filter cloth P formed in the cylindrical shape by the weight of the filter cloth P, etc.
- An angle ⁇ formed by 20a and the cylindrical axis direction X of the filter cloth P formed in the cylindrical shape is in a slightly small state.
- FIG. 6A shows a state where the dust collector 1 is operated to perform filtration (referred to as a filtration operation state).
- a filtration operation state dust-containing air A is passed from the filtration surface side of the filter cloth P toward the filtration back surface side, and dust is collected on the filtration surface of the filter cloth P.
- the filter cloth P is displaced to the back side of the filtration (inward side of the support C).
- the angle (beta) which the distance between the warps 20a becomes small and the warp 20a and the cylinder axial direction X of the filter cloth P formed in the said cylinder form is a little. It has become smaller.
- the lowermost support ring 52 a and the shape retaining bottom plate 53 in the support C are provided. Between the two, a slight gap is formed by the elongation of the filter cloth P due to the mass of the weight body 54.
- FIG. 7A shows a state where dust adhering to the filtration surface of the filter cloth P is being removed in the operation state of the dust collector 1 (referred to as a “dropped state”).
- a dropped state dust collected by temporarily ejecting high-pressure air as the backflow airflow H while filtering the dust-containing air A from the filtration surface side to the filtration back surface side of the filter cloth P (So-called pulse jet system). That is, a high-pressure airflow as a backflow airflow H directed from the inside of the cylinder of the dust collection filter F toward the outside of the cylinder is applied to the filter cloth P formed in the cylindrical shape of the dust collection filter F on the filtration surface side ( That is, by greatly displacing toward the diameter increasing side), as shown in FIG.
- the angle ⁇ formed by the warp yarn 20a and the cylinder axial direction X of the filter cloth P formed in a cylindrical shape increases. Become. Then, the filter cloth P formed in a cylindrical shape is contracted along the cylinder axis direction X, and moves upward until the shape-retaining bottom plate 53 contacts the lowermost support ring 52a in the support C.
- the filter cloth of the dust collecting filter F repeats the state of being displaced toward the filtration surface side and the original state, whereby the angles ⁇ and ⁇ are also intermittent And the expansion and contraction in the direction along the surface direction of the filter layer 21 is also intermittently generated. Therefore, the dust collected in the filter layer 21 is appropriately dispersed and crushed while aggregation is suppressed. Will be.
- the displacement to the filtration surface side of the filter cloth P of the filter F for dust collection is converted into the force of the shrinkage
- Comparative Examples 1 and 2 use a conventional dust collecting filter in which the warp yarn 20a and the weft yarn 20b in the base fabric layer 20 are in the cylinder circumferential direction Y and the cylinder axis direction X of the filter cloth P (that is, in a regular lattice shape). Comparative Example 1 is a case where tension is not applied by the weight body, and Comparative Example 2 is a case where tension is applied by the weight body.
- the pressure loss immediately after dropping is significantly lower in Examples 1 and 2 than in Comparative Examples 1 and 2. Further, in the case of Example 2 in which the tension is applied by the weight 54, the pressure loss immediately after dropping is a numerical value lower than that in the case of Example 1 in which no tension is applied.
- the pressure loss ratio before and after the removal shows substantially the same numerical values when Examples 1 and 2 are used, that is, when the dust collecting filter F constituted by the biased base fabric layer 20 is used. And 2, that is, when the dust collecting filter F constituted by the base fabric layer 20 having no bias is used, the pressure loss ratio before and after the removal is the dust collecting filter constituted by the base fabric layer 20 having the bias. It is larger than when F is used.
- the dust collection filter F of the present invention is intermittently injected with high-pressure air as the backflow airflow H in a state where the introduction of the dust-containing air A is continued.
- a so-called pulse jet type dust collector that dusts off the dust collected in the filter
- it can also be applied to other types of dust collectors.
- the introduction of the dust-containing air A is stopped, the purified air chamber 5 side is set to a slightly higher pressure than the dust-containing air introduction chamber 4 side, and the air flow is continuously reversed (filtering through the dust collecting filter F).
- the bowl-shaped support body C and the weight body 54 formed by the straight bar-shaped support bar 51 and the support ring 52 can be omitted.
- the dust collection filter F is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape and is configured such that the dust collection filter F is erected upward with respect to the opening of the partition wall (not shown).
- the shape-retaining bottom plate having a bottomed cylindrical shape is suspended by a spring that biases upward.
- the shape-retaining ring formed in an annular shape for shape retention is attached to the cylindrical dust collection filter F while being separated in the direction of the cylinder axis. In other words, the shape retaining ring becomes the support C, and the spring becomes the tension applying means.
- the direction of the dust-containing air A at the time of filtration and the backflow airflow H at the time of the dust adhering to the filtration surface of the filter cloth P are opposite to the case of the said embodiment.
- the dust-containing air A at the time of filtration passes from the inside of the cylinder of the cylindrical dust collecting filter F toward the outside of the cylinder, and the backflow air flow H at the time of dust removal is the cylindrical dust collecting air.
- the filter F passes from the outside of the cylinder toward the inside of the cylinder.
- the partition wall 3 includes a plurality of openings 3a for attaching the dust collection filter F as shown in FIG. 2, and the dust collection filter F is provided for each of the openings 3a. Is installed. In FIG. 1, eight dust collecting filters F are attached. However, the number of the dust collecting filters F can be arbitrarily changed according to the scale of the dust collecting device 1, and is attached as shown in FIG. A plurality of rows of the collected dust collecting filters F may be provided.
- the support C is provided with three support rings 52, and the six support bars 51 are illustrated as being spaced apart and fixed to the support rings 52.
- the number of 52 or the number of the support bars 51 it is arbitrary in the range which does not disturb an air flow.
- the method of fixing the support bar 51 and the support ring 52 can be arbitrarily selected as long as it is a fixing method that can secure necessary strength, such as screwing, in addition to the above-described welding. As long as the required strength can be ensured, it can be arbitrarily selected.
- the outer diameter of the support C is formed to be approximately the same as the inner diameter of the dust collection filter F, but the support C is inserted into the dust collection filter F, In order to prevent the dust collection filter F from being stretched in the cylinder axis direction X when the dust collection filter F is covered on the support C, the outer diameter of the support C is changed to the inner diameter of the dust collection filter F. It can also be formed with a slightly smaller diameter.
- valve 11 when the difference between the gas pressure in the dust-containing air introduction chamber 4 and the gas pressure in the purified air chamber 5 is equal to or greater than a set value, the valve 11 is opened and high-pressure air is ejected.
- the high pressure air as the backflow airflow H is sent to each of the nozzles 9, it is not limited to such a configuration.
- a time interval for sending high-pressure air to each of the high-pressure air ejection nozzles 9 may be set, and high-pressure air may be sent to each of the high-pressure air ejection nozzles 9 at regular time intervals.
- Various types of valves such as an electromagnetic valve and a manual on-off valve can be applied to the valve 11 in accordance with the mode of switching between supply and stop of the high-pressure air.
- the filter cloth P is formed in a cylindrical shape to configure the dust collecting filter F.
- the filter is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and is, for example, a polygonal cylinder having a cross section of a triangle or more. It may be configured in a shape or an elliptical shape. Further, it may be a cross-sectional shape in which the inner angle of one or more corners is 180 degrees or more, for example, a shape having a star shape or a large number of pleats.
- each of the warp yarn 20a and the weft yarn 20b in the woven fabric of the base fabric layer 20 is inclined with respect to the cylinder axial direction X of the filter cloth P formed in a cylindrical shape, and the weight 54
- the bottom plate 53 for shape retention pushes down the bottom of the filter F for dust collection due to the weight and is separated from the lowermost support ring 52a of the support C.
- the configuration is limited to such a configuration. is not.
- the warp yarn 20a is disposed along the cylinder axis direction X of the filter cloth P formed in a cylindrical shape
- the weft yarn 20b is formed in a cylindrical shape.
- the filter cloth P is disposed so as to be inclined in the cylinder circumferential direction Y, that is, the other of the warp yarn 20a and the weft yarn 20b is disposed along the cylinder axis direction X of the filter cloth P formed in a cylindrical shape.
- You may comprise as follows. By comprising in this way, it can be made into a stable state without expansion-contraction with respect to the force in the direction along the cylinder axial direction X of the filter cloth P applied to the filter F for dust collection, especially the downward pulling force. it can.
- such a filter cloth P has warps 20a arranged in parallel to the longitudinal direction of the belt-like woven fabric, and the wefts 20b as the belt-like woven fabric.
- the bottom portion of the filter cloth P is suspended and supported in order to suppress extension in the direction along the cylinder axis direction X due to its own weight or the like.
- the hanging thread for this purpose may be arranged separately from the warp 20a and the weft 20b.
- a belt-shaped woven fabric in which the warp yarn 20a and the weft yarn 20b are orthogonally crossed is used as the base fabric layer 20. It cut
- the base fabric layer 20 is formed by spirally winding a belt-shaped woven fabric in which the warp yarn 20a and the weft yarn 20b are orthogonal to each other as described above.
- It may be formed in a cylindrical shape, and the longitudinal sides of adjacent strip-shaped woven fabrics may be formed by stitching together in a spirally wound state. Even in this case, using the woven fabric woven so that the warp yarn 20a and the weft yarn 20b are not orthogonal to each other, one and the other of the warp yarn 20a and the weft yarn 20b are made of the filter cloth P formed in the cylindrical shape. It is also possible to form a spiral so as to be inclined with respect to the cylinder circumferential direction Y.
- the weight body 54 is placed on the shape-retaining bottom plate 53, and tension is applied to the dust collecting filter F in the cylindrical tube axial direction X.
- a configuration without the body 54 is also possible.
- one and the other of the warp yarn 20a and the weft yarn 20b constituting the woven fabric of the base fabric layer 20 are inclined with respect to the cylinder circumferential direction Y of the filter cloth P formed in a cylindrical shape. Since the displacement of the filter cloth P toward the filtration surface occurs, and the change in the crossing angle between the warp 20a and the weft 20b occurs, the dust collected on the filter layer 21 is moderately suppressed while agglomeration is suppressed. The effect of being dispersed and crushed is manifested.
- the filter cloth P formed in a cylindrical shape is formed separately from the filter cloth P and woven in a band shape (band-like shape).
- a non-stretchable string-like body 60 made of a woven fabric may be constructed between the upper portion and the lower portion of the tubular filter cloth P (see FIG. 11).
- the support body C when inserting the cylindrical support body C from the opening formed on the base end side of the filter cloth P and covering the filter cloth P on the support body C, the support body The insertion tip of C and the outer periphery move toward the tip while contacting the inner surface of the filter cloth P, thereby stretching the filter cloth P in the cylinder axis direction X, and the insertion tip of the support C. May not be inserted up to the tip of the filter cloth P (the desired insertion position), and an excess portion of the filter cloth P may be formed between the insertion tip of the support C and the tip of the filter cloth P. There is.
- the filter cloth P is restricted from extending in the cylinder axis direction X by the non-stretchable string-like body 60 disposed from the upper part to the lower part of the filter cloth P, the support body Even if the insertion tip of C moves while contacting the inner surface of the filter cloth P and a frictional force in the cylinder axial direction X is generated against the filter cloth P, the filter cloth P is stretched in the cylinder axial direction X. It becomes the structure which can prevent moderately.
- the string-like body 60 is made of a non-stretchable belt-like woven fabric, but may be a non-stretchable string-like body such as a rope.
- the string-like body 60 and the filter cloth P are installed between the upper part and the lower part in a state where three parts are sewn at the upper part and three parts at the lower part (in the left-right direction in FIG. 11). (See solid line). Therefore, when covering the filter cloth P on the support C, it is possible to satisfactorily prevent the filter cloth P from being stretched in the cylinder axis direction X by the support C, and to insert the insertion tip of the support C into the filter cloth. It can be reliably inserted up to the tip of P (the desired insertion position).
- the filter cloth P is configured to include the base fabric layer 20 that easily expands and contracts in the cylinder axis direction X of the filter cloth P.
- the insertion tip of the support C can be reliably inserted to the tip of the filter cloth P.
- the two string-like bodies 60 are provided on the inner peripheral surface (filter back side) of the filter cloth P, and when the support C is inserted into the filter cloth P, the support C
- the support C can better prevent the filter cloth P from being stretched in the cylinder axis direction X, and the insertion tip of the support C can be prevented. It can insert more reliably to the front-end
- the string-like body 60 may be provided on the outer peripheral surface (filtering surface side) of the filter cloth P instead of the inner peripheral surface of the filter cloth P. It can also be set as the structure which provides the string-like body 60 of this or 3 or more. Furthermore, the stitching location and the number of stitches between the string-like body 60 and the filter cloth P can be appropriately changed.
- the present invention relates to a dust collecting filter and a dust collecting filter that can improve the efficiency of dust removal during regeneration of the dust collecting filter and can realize energy saving and longer filter life by reducing the average pressure loss of the dust collecting filter. It can be effectively used as a dust device.
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Abstract
Description
また、そのような集塵用フィルタを特許文献2に示すような集塵装置に適用して使用した場合、逆流気流の通過によって集塵用フィルタの濾過表面に捕集された塵埃を払落すことはできるものの、上述の如くフィルタ層を面方向に積極的に伸縮するような作用が働かないため、集塵用フィルタの内部に入り込んだ塵埃を効率よく払落すことは困難であった。
この経糸と緯糸との交差角度の変化により、基布層の少なくとも濾過表面側に結合されている不織布からなるフィルタ層の面方向の伸縮は、大きく発生することとなる。そして、フィルタ層は微細繊維が絡み合って形成される不織布により構成されているので、フィルタ層の面方向の伸縮は該微細繊維同士の隙間の形状を全面に亘って変化させることとなる。従って、フィルタ層に捕集された塵埃は、凝集が抑制されつつ適度に分散及び解砕され、不織布からなるフィルタ層から容易に離脱できることとなる。
よって、塵埃の払落し効率を向上して、集塵用フィルタの平均圧力損失の低減による省エネやフィルタ寿命の長寿命化を実現できる集塵用フィルタが得られるものとなった。
つまり、経糸と緯糸との一方が筒状に形成された濾布の筒周方向に対して傾斜する傾斜角度が45度であれば、筒状に形成された濾布の濾過表面側(筒径方向側)への変位が最も発生し易いのであるが、この角度から偏差した範囲において、経糸と緯糸との一方が筒状に形成された濾布の筒周方向に対して傾斜する傾斜角度が30度~60度の範囲内であれば、筒状に形成された濾布の濾過表面側への変位をより確実に起こさせることができるものとなる。濾布の濾過表面側(筒径方向側)への変位は、基布層の経糸と緯糸との交差角度の変化に的確に寄与するものとなり、上述の如く不織布からなるフィルタ層の面方向の伸縮を発生させ、フィルタ層に捕集された塵埃は凝集が抑制されつつ適度に分散及び解砕されるので、不織布からなるフィルタ層から容易に離脱できることとなる。
説明を加えると、帯状の織布の経糸は通常その帯状の長手方向と平行に構成されるものであるから、帯状に織られた織布を螺旋状に巻いて筒状に形成し、螺旋状に巻いた状態で隣接する帯状の織布の長手辺同士を縫合すれば、筒状に形成された濾布における基布層を構成する経糸と緯糸との一方及び他方は、該筒状に形成された濾布の筒周方向に対して、確実に傾斜することとなる。
尚、例えば矩形の織布を斜めに切り取れば経糸又は緯糸が各辺に対して傾斜する矩形の織布を得ることができるが、この場合は、元の織布の各隅部分を利用しないこととなり、歩留まりが良くないものとなる。
従って、製造が容易であり、且つ織布を歩留まりよく使用できる集塵用フィルタが得られるものとなった。
説明を加えると、濾布の基端側に形成された開口部から筒形で籠状の支持体を挿入して当該濾布を支持体に覆設する際には、支持体の挿入先端部や外周部等が濾布の内面に当接しながら先端部に向けて移動することにより当該濾布を筒軸方向に引き伸ばしてしまい、当該支持体の挿入先端部を濾布の先端部(所期の挿入位置)にまで挿入できずに、支持体の挿入先端部と濾布の先端部との間に濾布の余剰部分が形成される虞がある。しかしながら、上記特徴構成では、濾布はその上部から下部に亘って配設された非伸縮性の紐状体により濾布の筒軸方向への伸びが制限されているため、支持体の挿入先端部や外周部等が濾布の内面に当接しながら移動して濾布に対し筒軸方向の摩擦力が発生したとしても、当該濾布が筒軸方向に引き伸ばされることを適度に防止できる構成となる。なお、紐状体は、少なくとも濾布よりも伸縮性が小さい(本願では「非伸縮性」と呼ぶ)紐状のものが利用される。
これにより、濾布を支持体に覆設する際において、支持体により濾布が筒軸方向に引き伸ばされることを良好に防止して、当該支持体の挿入先端部を濾布の先端部(所期の挿入位置)にまで確実に挿入することができる。特に、例えば、濾布が当該濾布の筒軸方向に伸縮し易い基布層を備えて構成される場合であっても、支持体の挿入先端部を濾布の先端部まで確実に挿入することができる。
また、濾布の濾過表面に捕集された塵埃の払い落し時には、当該集塵用フィルタにおける濾布の濾過裏面側から濾過表面側に逆流気流を通過させて前記濾布を前記濾過表面側に変位させるものであるが、上記第1~第8特徴構成を備えた集塵用フィルタを支持体に支持させて用いていることによって、塵埃の払落し時に良好な再生を実現して、集塵用フィルタの平均圧力損失の低減による省エネやフィルタ寿命の長寿命化を実現できる集塵装置が得られるものとなった。
従って、濾布の基布層の経糸と緯糸との交差角度の大きな変化による集塵用フィルタのフィルタ層の面方向への確実な伸縮が間欠的に繰り返されるものとなり、同フィルタ層に捕集された塵埃は凝集が抑制されつつ適度に分散及び解砕されるので、塵埃の払落し時にさらに良好な再生を実現して、集塵用フィルタの平均圧力損失の低減による省エネやフィルタ寿命の長寿命化を実現できるものとなった。
その特徴構成は、前記基布層の織布を構成する経糸と緯糸との一方及び他方を、前記筒状に形成された濾布の筒周方向に対して傾斜させて当該濾布を筒状に形成する点にある。
図1及び図2に基づいて、本発明の集塵装置について説明する。
本発明の集塵装置は、図1に示すように、筐体2の内部を区画壁3によって含塵空気導入室4(ダーティ側とも称する)と浄化空気室5(クリーン側とも称する)とに区画して形成されている。
図3に示すように、集塵用フィルタFを構成する濾布Pは、織布からなる基布層20と、当該基布層20の濾過表面側に結合された不織布からなるフィルタ層21aと、当該基布層20の濾過裏面側に結合された不織布からなるフィルタ層21bとを積層して構成され、この濾布Pを、上部が開口した袋状に形成して、集塵用フィルタFが構成されている。
このように構成することによって、基布層20の織布を構成する経糸20aと緯糸20bとの一方及び他方が、筒状に形成された濾布Pの筒周方向Yに対して傾斜して配設される(以下、バイアスすると表現することもある)ものとなる。
つまり、傾斜角度α(図4(b)においては45度に構成されている)が30度~60度の範囲内であることによって、筒状に形成された濾布Pがその濾過表面側(筒径方向側)に変位することに対して、経糸20aと緯糸20bとの一方による変位の制限は少ないものとなり、その変位が基布層20の経糸20aと緯糸20bとの交差角度の変化に的確に寄与するものとなる。そして、基布層20の経糸20aと緯糸20bとの交差角度の変化は、上述の如く不織布からなるフィルタ層21の面方向(筒周方向Y)に沿う方向の伸縮を発生させ、フィルタ層21に捕集された塵埃は凝集が抑制されつつ適度に分散及び解砕され、不織布からなるフィルタ層21から容易に離脱できることとなる。
つまり、経糸20aと緯糸20bとの他方が筒状に形成された濾布Pの筒軸方向Xに対して傾斜する傾斜角度が図4(b)で示すように45度であれば、筒状に形成された濾布Pの筒軸方向Xに沿う方向の伸縮が最も発生し易いのであるが、この角度から偏差した範囲において、経糸20aと緯糸20bとの他方が筒状に形成された濾布Pの筒軸方向Xに対して傾斜する傾斜角度が30度~60度の範囲内であれば、筒状に形成された濾布Pの濾過表面側への変位、又は、筒状に形成された濾布Pの筒軸方向Xに沿う方向の伸縮をより確実に起こさせることができるものとなる。
従って、その筒軸方向Xに沿う方向の伸縮が基布層20の経糸20aと緯糸20bとの交差角度の変化に的確に寄与し、基布層20の経糸20aと緯糸20bとの交差角度の変化は、上述の如く不織布からなるフィルタ層21の面方向(筒周方向Y)に沿う方向の伸縮を発生させるので、フィルタ層21に捕集された塵埃は凝集が抑制されつつ適度に分散及び解砕され、不織布からなるフィルタ層21から容易に離脱できることとなる。
ここで、基布層20の経糸20aと緯糸20bとの交差角度は、60度から120度の範囲となるように構成されている。
次に、集塵用フィルタFを、集塵装置1に取付ける取付け構成について説明する。
図2に示すように、集塵用フィルタFは、支持体Cに覆設させ支持される状態で開口部3aに取付けられるように構成されている。支持体Cは、直線棒状の支持バー51と、該支持バー51の長手方向に離間する状態で備える平面視円形の支持リング52とを溶接して、空気が通流可能な円筒形の籠状に形成される。尚、該支持体Cの一方側の端部には、区画壁3に設けられた開口部3aの径よりも大径のフランジ部3fが設けられ、このフランジ部3fが該開口部3aの周縁部分に載置支持される。また、区画壁3における開口部3aの周縁部には、内径側に突出する凸部を備えた圧接保持部3bが含塵空気導入室4側に筒状に垂設されている。集塵用フィルタFの取付け状態において、支持体Cのフランジ部3fの直下方には、拡径方向に付勢するように嵌めこまれたスナップリング3sが備えられ、該スナップリング3sが拡径して濾布Pをスナップリング3sと圧接保持部3bの凸部とで挟み込む状態で、内側から押さえつけることとなる。このようにして、集塵用フィルタF及び支持体Cは、開口部3aに一体に固定される状態となる。
次に、図5~図7に基づいて、上記のように構成される集塵用フィルタFを備えた集塵装置1の運転について説明する。
図5(a)は、集塵装置1の運転を停止している状態(運転停止状態と称する)における、集塵用フィルタFの状態を表している。図5(b)は、運転停止状態における基布層20の経糸20a及び緯糸20bの状態を表す模式図である。この図においては、経糸20aと緯糸20bとは略直交しているが、実際は濾布Pの自重等により若干前記筒状に形成される濾布Pの筒軸方向Xに沿って引き伸ばされ、経糸20aと前記筒状に形成される濾布Pの筒軸方向Xとがなす角βは、やや小さくなる状態となっている。
集塵装置1の運転停止状態、及び、濾過運転状態においては、図5(a)及び図6(a)に示すように、支持体Cにおける最下層の支持リング52aと、保形用底板53との間には、錘体54の質量による濾布Pの伸びによって若干の隙間が形成されている。
すなわち、集塵用フィルタFの筒内方から筒外方に向かう逆流気流Hとしての高圧の空気流が、集塵用フィルタFの筒状に形成された濾布Pを、その濾過表面側(つまり径が大きくなる側)に向かって大きく変位させることによって、図7(b)に示すように、経糸20aと筒状に形成された濾布Pの筒軸方向Xとがなす角度βが大きくなる。そして、筒状に形成された濾布Pが筒軸方向Xに沿って縮む状態となって、保形用底板53が支持体Cにおける最下層の支持リング52aに接するまで上昇移動する。
以下、表1に基づいて、本発明の効果を検証するために行った実験の結果を説明する。
この実験は、含塵空気Aの空気流量及びその中に含まれる塵埃の総量が、略一定となる条件の下で実施した。
実施例1及び2は、基布層20における経糸20a及び緯糸20bを濾布Pの筒軸方向Xに対して傾斜して配置した場合、すなわち、バイアスのある基布層20にて構成した集塵用フィルタFを使用した場合であり、実施例1はそのうち、錘体54により張力を付与しなかった場合、実施例2は、錘体54により張力を付与した場合である。
また、比較例1及び2は、基布層20における経糸20a及び緯糸20bが濾布Pの筒周方向Y及び筒軸方向Xである(つまり正格子状の)従来の集塵用フィルタを使用した場合であり、比較例1は、そのうち、錘体により張力を付与しなかった場合、比較例2は錘体により張力を付与した場合である。
次に別実施形態を説明する。
(1)上記の実施形態においては、本発明の集塵用フィルタFを、含塵空気Aの導入を継続した状態で逆流気流Hとしての高圧空気を間欠的に噴射して集塵用フィルタFに捕集された塵埃の払落しを行う、所謂パルスジェット方式の集塵装置に適用したが、他の方式の集塵装置に適用することも可能である。例えば、含塵空気Aの導入を停止し、浄化空気室5側を含塵空気導入室4側よりも相対的に若干高圧にして、継続的に空気流を逆流(集塵用フィルタFの濾過裏面側から濾過表面側へ通過)させることで捕集された塵埃の払い落しを行う、所謂逆洗方式の集塵装置に適用することも可能である。
また、上記の実施形態においては、支持体Cの外径は集塵用フィルタFの内径と略同径に形成されているが、集塵用フィルタF内に支持体Cを挿入して、当該集塵用フィルタFを支持体Cに覆設するに当たり、集塵用フィルタFを筒軸方向Xに引き伸ばしてしまうことを防止するために、支持体Cの外径を集塵用フィルタFの内径よりも若干小径に形成することもできる。
説明を加えると、濾布Pの基端側に形成された開口部から筒形で籠状の支持体Cを挿入して当該濾布Pを支持体Cに覆設する際には、支持体Cの挿入先端部や外周部等が濾布Pの内面に当接しながら先端部に向けて移動することにより当該濾布Pを筒軸方向Xに引き伸ばしてしまい、当該支持体Cの挿入先端部を濾布Pの先端部(所期の挿入位置)にまで挿入できずに、支持体Cの挿入先端部と濾布Pの先端部との間に濾布Pの余剰部分が形成される虞がある。しかしながら、本構成では、濾布Pはその上部から下部に亘って配設された非伸縮性の紐状体60により濾布Pの筒軸方向Xへの伸びが制限されているため、支持体Cの挿入先端部等が濾布Pの内面に当接しながら移動して濾布Pに対し筒軸方向Xの摩擦力が発生したとしても、当該濾布Pが筒軸方向Xに引き伸ばされることを適度に防止できる構成となる。なお、本実施例では、紐状体60は、非伸縮性の帯状織布で構成されているが、別にロープなどの非伸縮性の紐状体でも構わない。また、紐状体60と濾布Pとは、その上部にて3箇所及び下部にて3箇所が縫合される状態で、上部と下部との間を架設されている(図11の左右方向の実線参照)。
よって、濾布Pを支持体Cに覆設する際において、支持体Cにより濾布Pが筒軸方向Xに引き伸ばされることを良好に防止して、当該支持体Cの挿入先端部を濾布Pの先端部(所期の挿入位置)にまで確実に挿入することができる。特に、例えば、経糸20a及び緯糸20bを筒軸方向Xに対し傾斜させ、濾布Pが当該濾布Pの筒軸方向Xに伸縮し易い基布層20を備えて構成される場合であっても、支持体Cの挿入先端部を濾布Pの先端部まで確実に挿入することができる。
加えて、本構成では、2本の紐状体60を濾布Pの内周面(濾過裏面側)に設けており、支持体Cが濾布Pに挿入された際には、支持体Cの挿入先端部や外周面が紐状体60に直接接触する可能性があるものの、濾布Pの内周面への直接的な接触はできるだけ防止できる構成とされている。このため、濾布Pを支持体Cに覆設する際において、支持体Cにより濾布Pが筒軸方向Xに引き伸ばされることをより良好に防止して、当該支持体Cの挿入先端部を濾布Pの先端部(所期の挿入位置)にまで、より確実に挿入することができる。
なお、このような構成に限らず、紐状体60を濾布Pの内周面ではなく、濾布Pの外周面(濾過表面側)に設けてもよく、また、2本ではなく、1本又は3本以上の紐状体60を設ける構成とすることもできる。さらに、紐状体60と濾布Pとの縫合箇所及び縫合数は、適宜変更することができる。
P 濾布
F 集塵用フィルタ
20 基布層
20a 経糸
20b 緯糸
21 フィルタ層
60 紐状体
A 含塵空気
H 逆流気流
C 支持体
X 濾布の筒軸方向
Y 濾布の筒周方向
Claims (12)
- 筒状に形成された濾布が、織布からなる基布層と、当該基布層の少なくとも濾過表面側に結合された不織布からなるフィルタ層とを積層して構成され、
前記濾布の濾過表面側から濾過裏面側に含塵空気を通過させて濾過を行い、且つ、前記濾布の前記濾過裏面側から前記濾過表面側に逆流気流を通過させて、捕集された塵埃の払落しを行うように構成されている集塵用フィルタであって、
前記基布層の織布を構成する経糸と緯糸との一方及び他方が、前記筒状に形成された濾布の筒周方向に対して傾斜して配設されている集塵用フィルタ。 - 前記経糸と緯糸との一方が前記筒状に形成された濾布の筒周方向に対して傾斜する傾斜角度が30度~60度の範囲内である請求項1記載の集塵用フィルタ。
- 前記経糸と緯糸との他方が、前記筒状に形成された濾布の筒軸方向に配設されている請求項1又は2記載の集塵用フィルタ。
- 前記経糸と緯糸との他方が、前記筒状に形成された濾布の筒軸方向に対して傾斜して配設されている請求項1又は2記載の集塵用フィルタ。
- 前記経糸と緯糸との他方が前記筒状に形成された濾布の筒軸方向に対して傾斜する傾斜角度が30度~60度の範囲内である請求項4記載の集塵用フィルタ。
- 前記筒状に形成された濾布が円筒状である請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の集塵用フィルタ。
- 前記基布層は、帯状に織られた織布を螺旋状に巻いて筒状に形成し、縫合して形成されている請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の集塵用フィルタ。
- 非伸縮性の紐状体が、前記筒状に形成された濾布の上部と下部との間に架設され、前記濾布は、空気を通流可能な筒形の籠状に形成された支持体に覆設状態で支持される請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の集塵用フィルタ。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の集塵用フィルタを、空気が通流可能に形成された支持体に支持させて配設し、
当該集塵用フィルタにおける濾布の濾過表面側から濾過裏面側に含塵空気を通過させて濾過を行ない、塵埃の払落し時には、当該集塵用フィルタにおける濾布の濾過裏面側から濾過表面側に逆流気流を通過させて、捕集された塵埃の払落しを行う集塵装置。 - 前記濾布の前記濾過表面側から前記濾過裏面側に含塵空気を通過させて濾過を行いながら、前記逆流気流としての高圧空気を間欠的に噴射して捕集された塵埃の払落しを行う請求項9記載の集塵装置。
- 前記集塵用フィルタに対し、筒状に形成された濾布の筒軸方向に張力を付与する張力付与手段を備えた請求項9又は10に記載の集塵装置。
- 織布からなる基布層と、当該基布層の少なくとも濾過表面側に結合された不織布からなるフィルタ層とを積層して構成した濾布を筒状に形成してなる集塵用フィルタの製造方法であって、
前記基布層の織布を構成する経糸と緯糸との一方及び他方を、前記筒状に形成された濾布の筒周方向に対して傾斜させて当該濾布を筒状に形成する集塵用フィルタの製造方法。
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WO2016193530A1 (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2016-12-08 | Pmu Air Oy | Filter unit for filtering air and method for cleaning said filter |
CN107913556A (zh) * | 2016-10-10 | 2018-04-17 | Bha阿尔泰有限责任公司 | 连接器和联接的打褶过滤器区段 |
US10195559B2 (en) | 2016-10-10 | 2019-02-05 | Bha Altair, Llc | Connector and joined pleated filter sections |
CN109772041A (zh) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-05-21 | 沈阳环境科学研究院 | 一种布袋快拆式除尘环保设备 |
Also Published As
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KR101568072B1 (ko) | 2015-11-10 |
CN103442781A (zh) | 2013-12-11 |
CN103442781B (zh) | 2015-02-25 |
KR20130126699A (ko) | 2013-11-20 |
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