WO2012132588A1 - プラズマcvd装置、プラズマcvd方法、反応性スパッタリング装置および反応性スパッタリング方法 - Google Patents
プラズマcvd装置、プラズマcvd方法、反応性スパッタリング装置および反応性スパッタリング方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012132588A1 WO2012132588A1 PCT/JP2012/053403 JP2012053403W WO2012132588A1 WO 2012132588 A1 WO2012132588 A1 WO 2012132588A1 JP 2012053403 W JP2012053403 W JP 2012053403W WO 2012132588 A1 WO2012132588 A1 WO 2012132588A1
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- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/0021—Reactive sputtering or evaporation
- C23C14/0036—Reactive sputtering
- C23C14/0063—Reactive sputtering characterised by means for introducing or removing gases
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- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
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- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/0021—Reactive sputtering or evaporation
- C23C14/0036—Reactive sputtering
- C23C14/0068—Reactive sputtering characterised by means for confinement of gases or sputtered material, e.g. screens, baffles
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- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/56—Apparatus specially adapted for continuous coating; Arrangements for maintaining the vacuum, e.g. vacuum locks
- C23C14/562—Apparatus specially adapted for continuous coating; Arrangements for maintaining the vacuum, e.g. vacuum locks for coating elongated substrates
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/40—Oxides
- C23C16/401—Oxides containing silicon
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/40—Oxides
- C23C16/401—Oxides containing silicon
- C23C16/402—Silicon dioxide
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45517—Confinement of gases to vicinity of substrate
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/50—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/54—Apparatus specially adapted for continuous coating
- C23C16/545—Apparatus specially adapted for continuous coating for coating elongated substrates
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- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32431—Constructional details of the reactor
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- H01J37/32559—Protection means, e.g. coatings
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- H01J37/3405—Magnetron sputtering
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- H01J2237/32—Processing objects by plasma generation
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- H01J2237/3321—CVD [Chemical Vapor Deposition]
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a plasma CVD apparatus that forms a thin film on the surface of a long substrate by generating a plasma in a gap between a long base material and a plasma generating electrode and chemically reacting a source gas supplied using the formed plasma.
- the present invention relates to a CVD method, a reactive sputtering apparatus, and a reactive sputtering method.
- a plasma is formed by applying direct current power or high frequency power to a plasma generating electrode, and a raw material gas is chemically reacted by this plasma, and a desired gas is generated.
- Many plasma CVD apparatuses and plasma CVD methods for forming a thin film have been studied so far.
- the reactive sputtering method is a technique in which a target atom blown off by sputtering reacts with a gas such as oxygen or nitrogen, and the generated substance is deposited as a thin film on a substrate. Both the CVD method and the reactive sputtering method can form oxides and nitrides.
- the long base material (original fabric) P5 is conveyed from the unwinding roll P2 to the guide roll P4, the main roll P6, another guide roll P4, and the winding roll P3 in this order.
- a plasma generating electrode P7 is provided in the vicinity of the main roll P6.
- the source gas is supplied between the main roll P6 and the plasma generating electrode P7 from the nozzle P8 through the pipe P9.
- plasma is generated between the plasma generating electrode P7 and the main roll P6, the source gas is decomposed, and a film forming material is generated. In this way, a thin film is continuously formed on the surface of the long base material P5 conveyed by the main roll.
- Patent Document 1 a plasma generating electrode in which a mesh electrode is arranged in a box-shaped reaction tube (reaction chamber) opened only on a surface facing the main roll is used.
- a magnet is provided on the reaction tube side in the main roll and on the side opposite to the main roll of the mesh electrode, and a high-density plasma is formed by generating a magnetic field in the film formation space, and a DLC (diamond-like carbon) film
- An apparatus for improving the film forming speed of the above is disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 in addition to the magnet being disposed inside the plasma generating electrode, an ejection hole for generating a holocathode discharge is formed on the surface of the plasma generating electrode facing the cooling drum. By concentrating the plasma on the surface of the plasma generating electrode, damage to the long base material due to the plasma is suppressed.
- the insulator adheres to the target surface as the sputtering time progresses, and the electric field of the target surface changes and the uniformity of the film is impaired. It causes problems such as causing arc discharge.
- Patent Document 1 source gas is supplied to a reaction tube, and plasma is used for decomposition and film formation.
- the remaining gas that has not been used for film formation is exhausted out of the vacuum vessel by an exhaust device.
- gas is supplied from the lower side in the vertical direction of the base material. According to the knowledge of the present inventor, in such a gas supply method, particles generated in plasma tend to adhere to the substrate.
- the gas is supplied in a direction substantially parallel to the base material and exhausted, the particles hardly fly in the base material direction.
- Patent Document 2 it is preferable to set the pressure in the vacuum vessel to 1 Pa or less in order to suppress the generation of particles in the gas phase, but there is no description about the countermeasure against particles as the device structure.
- the silane compound which is a raw material, is supplied from a raw material introduction pipe (raw material ejection part). If a projection such as a pipe is arranged in the vicinity of the plasma region in this way, abnormal discharge occurs particularly when high-frequency power is used. It becomes the cause of.
- An object of the present invention is made in view of the above-described problems, and suppresses abnormal discharge in a plasma processing apparatus and method for forming a thin film on the surface of a long base material while conveying the long base material.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a plasma CVD apparatus, a plasma CVD method, a reactive sputtering apparatus and a method capable of suppressing electrode and target contamination and forming a thin film having a uniform film formation speed and film quality.
- the plasma CVD processing apparatus for achieving the above object is as follows.
- the plasma CVD apparatus includes a main roll and a plasma CVD electrode in a vacuum vessel, and forms a thin film on the surface of the long substrate while transporting the long substrate along the surface of the main roll.
- the long base material is disposed on the upstream side and the downstream side in the transport direction of the long base material so as to surround the film formation space sandwiched between the main roll and the plasma generating electrode.
- At least one side wall extending in the width direction is provided, and the side wall is electrically insulated from the plasma generating electrode, and either the upstream side or the downstream side in the transport direction of the long base material
- a plasma CVD apparatus including a gas supply hole on one side wall is provided.
- the said gas supply hole is provided with the gas supply hole arranged in a line in the width direction of the said elongate base material
- the plasma CVD apparatus provided with the said gas supply hole row
- the term “one row” may mean that the center of each gas supply hole varies from the center line of the gas supply hole row within a range of several times the diameter of the hole. If it can be regarded as a single line when viewed macroscopically, it is called a single line.
- the exhaust gas is exhausted to the side wall provided on the upstream side and the downstream side in the transport direction of the long base material and opposite to the side wall provided with the gas supply hole.
- a plasma CVD apparatus having a port and a plurality of exhaust holes provided in the exhaust port.
- the gas supply hole is provided on the upstream side wall in the transport direction of the long base material, and the exhaust port is provided on the downstream side wall in the transport direction of the long base material.
- a plasma CVD apparatus is provided.
- the gas supply hole row includes two or more rows, and at least the gas supply hole row closest to the plasma generating electrode is different from the gas supplied by other gas supply hole rows.
- a plasma CVD apparatus capable of supplying various types of gases is provided.
- a plasma CVD apparatus which is any one of the above-described apparatuses, wherein a magnet for generating magnetic flux on the surface of the plasma generating electrode is provided in the plasma generating electrode.
- a plasma CVD apparatus according to any one of the above-described devices, wherein a supply hole for supplying a polymerizable gas in the gas supply hole row is an insulating gas supply hole formed of an insulator. .
- a raw material gas is supplied from the gas supply hole or the gas supply hole array, and plasma is generated by the plasma generation electrode to form a thin film on a long substrate being transferred.
- a plasma CVD method is provided.
- the gas supply hole row includes two or more rows, and at least the gas supply hole row closest to the plasma generating electrode is a different type of gas from the gas supplied by the other gas supply hole row.
- a plasma CVD method for supplying a gas of a type different from the source gas supplied by another gas supply hole row from at least the gas supply hole row closest to the plasma generating electrode using a plasma CVD apparatus capable of supplying I will provide a.
- the gas supplied from the gas supply hole closest to the plasma generating electrode in the gas supply hole array is only a non-reactive gas, and from any of the other gas supply hole arrays.
- At least one of the gas supply holes is a Si atom in a molecule using a plasma CVD apparatus in which the gas supply hole is an insulating gas supply hole formed of an insulator.
- a plasma CVD method is provided in which a gas containing at least C atoms is supplied from the insulating gas supply hole array.
- a vacuum vessel is provided with a main roll and a magnetron electrode on which a target can be placed, and a thin film is formed on the surface of the long base material while transporting the long base material along the surface of the main roll.
- a reactive sputtering apparatus that, on the upstream side and the downstream side in the transport direction of the long substrate, sandwiching the film formation space so as to surround the film formation space sandwiched between the main roll and the magnetron electrode Providing at least one side wall extending in the width direction of the long base material, the side wall being electrically insulated from the magnetron electrode, and upstream of the long base material in the transport direction;
- a gas formed by a plurality of gas supply holes arranged in a line in the width direction of the long base material on the side wall not provided with the gas exhaust port, provided with a gas exhaust port on one of the downstream side walls
- Two supply hole rows The gas supply hole row, which is closest to the target surface, is for supplying a non-reactive gas in the vicinity of the target surface
- a reactive sputtering apparatus including a current plate extending in a width direction is provided.
- the gas supply hole row closest to the target surface and the target surface second among the two or more gas supply hole rows.
- a reactive sputtering apparatus in which an intermediate position with a close gas supply hole array is vertically above a center position of the area of the gas exhaust port.
- a reactive sputtering apparatus in which a plurality of exhaust holes are provided in the gas exhaust port among the above-described apparatuses.
- non-reactive gas is supplied from one row closest to the target surface among the gas supply hole rows, and reactive gas is supplied from the other gas supply hole rows,
- a reactive sputtering method is provided in which plasma is generated by applying electric power to the magnetron electrode to form a thin film on the long substrate.
- the non-reactive gas is argon
- the reactive gas is a gas containing at least one of nitrogen and oxygen
- the target material is copper, chromium, titanium, aluminum
- a plasma CVD apparatus and a reactive sputtering apparatus that generate a thin film on the surface of a base material while conveying a long base material
- the occurrence of abnormal discharge is reduced, and contamination on the electrode surface is suppressed.
- a plasma CVD apparatus and a reactive sputtering apparatus that can maintain film formation speed and film quality uniformity are provided.
- the plasma CVD apparatus and the reactive sputtering apparatus of the present invention it is possible to suppress film formation speed and film quality non-uniformity due to adhesion of dirt to the electrode. Since the film can be formed in an environment where mixing into the film to be formed is suppressed, a high-quality thin film with few defects can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an example of the plasma CVD apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of a plasma generating electrode part of an example of the plasma CVD apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a gas supply portion of an example of the plasma CVD apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another example of the plasma CVD apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of still another example of the plasma CVD apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a conventional plasma processing apparatus.
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged perspective view of a plasma generating electrode portion of still another example of the plasma CVD apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an example of the plasma CVD apparatus of the present invention.
- a plasma CVD apparatus E1 of the present invention has a vacuum vessel 1.
- An exhaust device 12 is connected to the vacuum vessel 1.
- an unwinding roll 2 and a winding roll 3 are provided, and a guide roll 4 for unwinding the long base material 5 and conveying it to the main roll 6 is disposed.
- the main roll 6 may include a temperature adjustment mechanism such as a cooling mechanism.
- the long base material 5 that has passed through the main roll 6 passes through another guide roll 4 and is taken up by the take-up roll 3.
- the position of the plasma generating electrode 7 can be freely selected in consideration of the structure in the vacuum vessel 1 as long as the main roll 6 and the plasma generating electrode 7 can be arranged to face each other.
- the size (width) of the surface of the plasma generating electrode 7 facing the long base material 5 can be selected in consideration of the width of the long base material 5, but the end of the long base material 5 can be formed.
- it is preferable that the length of the long base 5 of the plasma generating electrode 7 in the width direction is larger than the width of the long base 5 because the film formation surface becomes wider in the width direction.
- the plasma generating electrode 7 is insulated from the vacuum vessel 1 by an insulator 13.
- a power source 11 is connected to the plasma generating electrode 7.
- an arbitrary power source such as a high frequency power source, a pulse power source, or a DC power source can be used.
- the frequency in the case of using a high frequency power supply can also be set arbitrarily.
- a high-frequency power source in the VHF band is suitable as a high-frequency power source to be used because low-electron temperature and high-density plasma is easily generated. Pulse modulation or amplitude modulation may be applied to the output of the high frequency power source.
- Side walls 8a and 8b are arranged one by one with the plasma generating electrode 7 in between on the upstream side and the downstream side with respect to the conveying direction of the long base material 5.
- the two side walls 8 a and 8 b are electrically insulated from the plasma generating electrode 7.
- plasma can be generated in a localized manner in a region surrounded by the main roll 6, the plasma generating electrode 7, and the side walls 8a and 8b, that is, a film formation space. Due to the localization of the plasma, the electric power input from the power source 11 is effectively used to generate the film-forming species, so that not only the film-forming efficiency is improved but also unnecessary film adhesion to the inner wall of the vacuum vessel 1 or the like. Can be prevented.
- the material of the side walls 8a and 8b is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use a metal such as stainless steel or aluminum from the viewpoint of strength, heat resistance, and local plasma generation. Further, the two side walls 8a and 8b may be set to the same potential by connecting them with a conductor such as a conducting wire. Further, the potential of the two side walls 8a and 8b is more preferable because the plasma is well confined in the film formation space when the ground potential is used.
- a power supply capable of non-grounded output of two terminals is used as the power supply 11 without setting the two side walls 8a and 8b to the ground potential, and one terminal of the output is the plasma generating electrode 7 and the other terminal is 2 Connecting to the side walls 8a and 8b is also a preferable mode because the discharge can be stably continued for a long time even if a thin film adheres to the side walls 8a and 8b.
- a gas supply hole for supplying a source gas is provided on either the side wall 8a or the side wall 8b, and a gas pipe is attached to the side wall. By making the gas supply in one direction, the gas flow is more stable than when the gas is introduced from both sides.
- the source gas introduced from the gas supply hole reacts in the film formation space which is a plasma region, and forms a thin film on the long base material 5.
- the inner diameter of the gas supply hole is preferably 0.1 mm or more and 3 mm or less from the viewpoint of the stability of the discharge state due to the plasma entering the gas supply hole, and 0.5 mm or more considering the processing cost and the like. More preferably, it is 3 mm or less.
- the exhaust gas that has not been used for forming the thin film is mainly the side wall not provided with the gas supply holes. (The side wall 8b in FIGS. 1 and 2) and the gap between the main roll and the portion opened in the transport direction are exhausted from the film formation space.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the plasma generating electrode 7 and the side walls 8a and 8b in the plasma CVD apparatus E1 of FIG.
- the size of the side walls 8 a and 8 b may be arbitrarily determined depending on the size of the plasma generation electrode 7 and the distance between the plasma generation electrode 7 and the main roll 6.
- the side walls 8a and 8b have a gap with the side surface of the plasma generating electrode 7 (left and right of the plasma generating electrode 7 in FIGS. 1 and 2).
- the width of the gap is preferably 1 to 5 mm for the purpose of suppressing abnormal discharge in the gap.
- the number of side walls is two in the figure, side walls (in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the front and back of the plasma generating electrode 7) extending in the transport direction may be prepared, and the plasma generating electrode 7 may be enclosed like a box.
- the main roll 6 is often long in the width direction, and accordingly, the plasma generation electrode 7 and the side walls 8a and 8b are also long in the main roll width direction. Therefore, what is important for the purpose of enclosing the plasma is the side wall on the upstream side and the downstream side in the transport direction of the long base material 5. However, in order to more reliably enclose the plasma, it is more preferable to have a side wall extending in the transport direction.
- a gas supply hole row 9 in which the gas supply holes are arranged in the width direction of the long base 5 as shown in FIG.
- the gas supply holes are arranged in a line in the width direction of the long base material 5.
- the gas supply holes may be arranged obliquely in the width direction of the long base material 5 or arranged in a lattice form when viewed microscopically.
- the interval at which the gas supply holes are arranged may be arbitrarily determined, according to the knowledge of the present inventors, the interval between the gas supply holes is preferably less than 50 mm from the viewpoint of film formation unevenness.
- FIG. 3A shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of the gas supply hole row 9 and its periphery
- FIG. 3B shows an enlarged rear view of the gas supply hole row 9 and its periphery
- the side wall 8a is provided with through holes through which gas is blown out at an arbitrary interval and number.
- a gas pipe 14 is attached to a surface of the side wall 8a opposite to the plasma generating electrode 7.
- the gas pipe 14 is provided with a hole smaller than the through hole of the side wall 8a at a position corresponding to the through hole provided in the side wall 8a. It is preferable to make the through hole of the side wall 8 a larger than the hole of the gas pipe 14 because gas easily passes from the gas pipe 14 to the film formation region.
- the raw material gas is introduced from the gas pipe 15 attached to the gas pipe 14 and can be distributed and uniformly supplied from the gas pipe 14 to each gas supply hole, but the gas supply mechanism is not limited to this.
- the side wall not provided with the gas supply hole row 9 (side wall 8b in FIGS. 1 and 2) and It is mainly exhausted from the gap between the main rolls.
- the gas exhaust port 10 for gas exhaust is provided on the side wall opposite to the gas supply hole row, the exhaust gas can be exhausted quickly even when the interval between the main roll and the side wall 8b is narrowed, and the particles are efficiently collected. Since it can discharge
- the gas exhaust port 10 is arranged near the connection port of the exhaust device 12 or, if possible, the connection port of the gas exhaust port 10 and the exhaust device 12 may be connected by a duct. preferable.
- the shape, size, and number of the gas exhaust ports 10 are not particularly limited, but it is preferable to arrange the exhaust ports 10 so that the gas is uniformly exhausted in the width direction of the long base material 5. More preferably, the gas supply hole array 9 is opened in a range including a point projected on the side wall 8b in the horizontal direction with respect to the surface of the plasma generating electrode 7. Examples of the exhaust port 10 provided in the side wall 8b are shown in FIGS. Examples of the exhaust port 10 include one having a rectangular opening as shown in FIG. 10 and one having a plurality of circular openings as shown in FIG. 11, but are not limited thereto. .
- the gas exhaust port 10 since abnormal discharge may occur at the gas exhaust port 10, it is preferable to have a plurality of exhaust holes in the gas exhaust port 10 so as not to disturb the gas flow in order to stabilize the discharge. It becomes possible to localize the plasma in the film formation space, and it is possible to generate the plasma stably without causing discharge in an unnecessary place inside the vacuum vessel 1. Moreover, the contamination by the film
- the plurality of exhaust holes for example, it is convenient to stretch a metal mesh on the gas exhaust port 10 or the like, but fine holes may be formed in the insulator. Even when the metal mesh is stretched, any material such as stainless steel, nickel, or aluminum can be used. Further, the mesh coarseness is preferably 0.1 mm or more and 3 mm or less from the viewpoint of plasma leakage, and the mesh pitch is 0.5 mm or more and the aperture ratio is 30% in view of the exhaust flow. The above is preferable.
- the pressure in the vacuum vessel 1 is kept low, and film formation is performed in a region close to the molecular flow, so that an accompanying flow due to the rotation of the main roll 6 hardly occurs. Therefore, the gas introduction direction only needs to be introduced between the long base material 5 and the plasma generating electrode 7 in substantially parallel to the long base material 5.
- the gas supply is introduced from the upstream in the conveying direction of the long base material 5,
- the gas exhaust port 10 is preferably arranged on the downstream side in the transport direction.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a second plasma CVD apparatus E2 showing another example of the plasma processing apparatus of the present invention.
- the gas supply hole row 9 is made up of two or more rows, and for one row closest to the surface of the plasma generation electrode 7 (the upper surface of the plasma generation electrode in FIG. 4), another gas supply hole row 9 is provided. It is possible to supply a gas of a different type from the gas supplied from. As a result, gas can be supplied separately from a region close to and far from the plasma generating electrode 7, and a reactive gas that easily generates particles can be supplied separately to a region far from the plasma. It is preferable because the reaction state in the decomposition of gas and the formation of a thin film can be controlled. In addition, contamination of the electrode surface can be reduced by introducing a non-reactive gas into a region near the plasma generating electrode 7.
- the reactive gas is a gas that can form a polymer such as a thin film or fine particles by the combination of active species generated by being decomposed by plasma alone.
- reactive gases include silane, disilane, TEOS (tetraethoxysilane), TMS (tetramethoxysilane), HMDS (hexamethyldisilazane), HMDSO (hexamethyldisiloxane), methane, ethane, Examples thereof include, but are not limited to, ethylene and acetylene.
- the non-reactive gas is a gas that does not form a polymer by combining active species generated by decomposition by plasma with the gas alone. Specific examples of such a non-reactive gas include, but are not limited to, rare gases such as helium and argon, and gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen.
- At least two of the gas pipes 14 are attached, one row closest to the upper surface of the plasma generating electrode 7 and the other supply hole row 9.
- the shape, size, and number of the gas exhaust ports 10 are not particularly limited, but the gas is uniformly exhausted in the width direction of the long base material 5. It is preferable to arrange the exhaust port 10 at the position. In order to exhaust the gas evenly, it is preferable that the gas exhaust port 10 is open within a range including the point where the gas supply hole array 9 is projected on the side wall 8b in the horizontal direction with respect to the surface of the plasma generating electrode 7. More preferred.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of a third plasma CVD apparatus E3 showing another example of the plasma CVD apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a horizontal sectional view showing the inside of the plasma generating electrode. As shown in FIG. 12, the magnetron magnetic field is such that a central magnet 22a and an outer peripheral magnet 22b are arranged inside the plasma generating electrode 7 and the polarities of the central magnet 22a and the outer peripheral magnet 22b are reversed.
- the shape of the magnetic field lines representing the magnetic field generated on the surface is a racetrack-shaped tunnel type.
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged perspective view showing another example of the plasma generating electrode and the side walls 8a and 8b in the plasma CVD apparatus E1.
- the insulating gas supply hole array 18 for supplying the raw material gas formed on either the side wall 8a or the side wall 8b is formed of an insulator such as alumina.
- an insulator such as alumina.
- a method in which a ceramic having a hole of a desired size is inserted or a ceramic is sprayed is preferable.
- the plasma CVD apparatus of the present invention prevents the particles generated in the process of forming the silicon oxide film on the long substrate 5 from being mixed into the thin film as much as possible, and suppresses the deterioration of the film quality due to the mixing into these thin films. It functions particularly effectively for producing a silicon oxide film having a film quality.
- plasma is generated between a mesh-like anode incorporated in a reaction tube and a rotatable main roll installed opposite to the reaction tube, and the plasma is generated in the reaction tube.
- the introduced gas is decomposed by plasma, and a thin film is deposited on the surface of the film base with a magnetic layer conveyed by the main roll.
- a method is disclosed in which a magnetic field generation source is disposed on the opposite side of the substrate with respect to the anode, and the magnetic field acts in a direction crossing the direction of the electric field by the magnetic field generation source.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-131965 discloses an apparatus for forming a film by a plasma CVD method while running a support, an ion source configured to cause plasma discharge by an inert gas, and an ion source And a film forming gas introduction mechanism provided on the downstream side in the running direction of the support with reference to the above.
- a film cleaning process can be performed simultaneously with the film forming process using only a single ion source, and a high-quality film with high adhesion can be formed for a long time with high film forming efficiency.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-274385 discloses an apparatus having a structure in which a magnet for forming a magnetic field on an electrode surface is provided in an electrode in which an ejection hole for ejecting plasma by a holocathode discharge is formed. Has been. Further, in this apparatus, a method is also shown in which oxygen is supplied from the ejection holes and a silane compound is supplied from a separately provided raw material ejection portion. Using such an apparatus and method, it is said that a dense thin film with good adhesion can be obtained while reducing the thermal load on the substrate.
- the gas is introduced from the back surface of the anode, and the raw material gas that is the basis of the film forming species and the plasma generation gas for plasma formation are introduced without distinction. ing.
- the gas supply amount and input power are increased to increase the film formation rate, the film may adhere to the anode and the reaction tube, and the discharge may become unstable.
- the generated plasma is localized near the anode having a magnetic field, the amount of active species in the vicinity of the substrate may be insufficient and a desired film quality may not be obtained.
- a plasma CVD apparatus and plasma CVD method capable of forming a high-quality thin film with high productivity by supplying as many active species as possible on the surface of a long substrate by plasma CVD.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view of a fourth plasma CVD apparatus E4 showing another example of the plasma CVD apparatus of the present invention.
- the apparatus configuration of FIG. 8 is substantially the same as the apparatus configuration of FIG. 4 except for the plasma generation suppressing gas supply port 19a and the plasma generation promoting gas supply port 19b.
- the plasma generating electrode 7 is functionally the same as that of FIG. 4 and FIG. 8 in that it has a function of generating electric discharge by applying electric power to a conductive object.
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged perspective view of the plasma generating electrode 7 of the plasma CVD apparatus E4.
- the gas supply ports are a plasma generation suppression type gas supply port 19a for supplying gas while suppressing the generation of plasma, and a plasma generation promotion type gas supply port for supplying gas while promoting the generation of plasma. 19b.
- the plasma generation suppression type gas supply port 19a is a gas supply port having a function of releasing gas into the film formation space without generating plasma inside the gas supply port.
- the gas supplied from the plasma generation suppression type gas supply port 19a is released into the film formation space without being subjected to plasma decomposition or excitation inside the gas supply port, and is only decomposed or excited by the plasma in the film formation space. Is affected.
- the plasma generation promoting gas supply port 19b is a gas supply port having a function of releasing gas into the film formation space while actively generating plasma inside the gas supply port.
- the gas supplied from the plasma generation promoting gas supply port 19b is decomposed and excited by the plasma generated in the gas supply port and then released to the film formation space, and further decomposed by the plasma in the film formation space. And excitation is promoted.
- Such a gas supply port configuration functions particularly effectively when two or more kinds of source gases are used. In particular, a great effect is exhibited when film formation is performed by simultaneously supplying a reactive gas and a non-reactive gas as source gases.
- TEOS which is a reactive gas
- oxygen which is a non-reactive gas
- source gases when TEOS, which is a reactive gas, is supplied from the plasma generation promoting type gas supply port 19b, TEOS decomposition species are generated in the gas supply port and their polymerization reaction also occurs, and a polymer is formed on the inner wall of the gas supply port. Is attached to the gas supply port, and the gas supply amount from the gas supply port becomes unstable or the gas supply port is clogged. In order to avoid such a problem, it is preferable to provide a plasma generation suppressing gas supply port 19a for supplying a reactive gas.
- oxygen which is a non-reactive gas
- the opening is sufficiently narrow so that plasma does not enter the gas supply port, and it is a hole-shaped gas supply port having a sufficiently small inner diameter.
- a slit-shaped gas supply port having a sufficiently narrow slit gap can be used. Even if the opening of the gas supply port and the internal space of the gas supply port are wide, if the gas supply port is filled with a gas permeable substance such as porous ceramics or steel wool, the plasma It can be applied as a generation suppression type gas supply port.
- the plasma generation suppressing gas supply port 19a it is preferable to use a plurality of holes having a small inner diameter, that is, a plurality of small diameter gas supply holes, as the plasma generation suppressing gas supply port 19a. If it is a hole shape, processing is easy, and even if the temperature of the side wall 8a rises, gas can be stably supplied without deformation of the hole shape, which is preferable.
- the inner diameter of the small diameter gas supply hole is preferably 0.1 mm or more and 3 mm or less.
- a hole diameter of 0.1 mm or more is preferable, and 0.5 mm or more is more preferable. Further, when the inner diameter is 3 mm or less, there is a low possibility that plasma will enter the gas supply port, and generation of plasma can be sufficiently suppressed.
- the opening is sufficiently wide so that plasma can enter the gas supply port.
- a slit-shaped gas supply port having a sufficiently wide slit gap can be used.
- the inner diameter of the large-diameter gas supply hole is preferably 4 mm or more and 15 mm or less.
- the plasma that has entered the supply port is preferable because the plasma density is increased by the hollow discharge effect, and gas decomposition and excitation can be promoted.
- the inner diameter of the large-diameter gas supply hole is 4 mm or more, plasma is likely to enter the supply port, and if the inner diameter is 15 mm or less, the hollow discharge effect in the supply port is likely to be strong. Therefore, the plasma density in the supply hole becomes sufficiently high, and plasma generation is easily promoted.
- the plasma generation suppression type gas supply ports 19a may be formed as one or more plasma generation suppression type gas supply port rows 20a arranged in the width direction of the long base material 5.
- the plasma generation promoting gas supply ports 19b may be formed as one or more plasma generation promoting gas supply port rows 19b arranged in the width direction of the long base material 5.
- the gas supply port arranged at the position closest to the main roll 6 is preferably a plasma generation promoting gas supply port 19b.
- a plasma generation promoting gas supply port 19b In general, when power is applied to the plasma generating electrode 7 to generate plasma in the film formation space, high density plasma is often formed in the vicinity of the plasma generating electrode 7. On the other hand, the density of the plasma in the vicinity of the long base 5 is not so high. When the distance between the plasma generating electrode 7 and the long base material 5 is large, the difference in plasma density between the vicinity of the plasma generating electrode 7 and the vicinity of the long base material 5 becomes significant.
- the gas supply port arranged at the position closest to the main roll 6 is the plasma generation promoting gas supply port 19b. This is preferable because high-density plasma can be distributed in the vicinity of the long base material 5.
- the gas supply port arranged at the position closest to the plasma generating electrode 7 may be the plasma generation promoting gas supply port 19b.
- the plasma generation promoting gas supply port 19b if non-polymerizable gas is supplied from the plasma generation promoting gas supply port 19b, not only the plasma in the vicinity of the plasma generation electrode 7 can be further densified by the plasma generated inside the gas supply port. The adhesion of dirt to the plasma generating electrode 7 can be reduced by the flow of the non-polymerizable gas from the plasma generation promoting gas supply port 19b.
- an exhaust port 10 is provided on the side wall 8b opposite to the side wall 8a having the plasma generation suppressing gas supply port 19a and the plasma generation promoting gas supply port 19b, out of the two side walls. It is preferable that
- the plasma generation promotion provided not only on the surface of the plasma generating electrode 7 but also on the side wall 8a. It is more preferable because high-density plasma is generated inside the mold gas supply port 19b and the generation of active species contributing to film formation is further promoted by a synergistic effect.
- a plasma CVD apparatus such as E4
- a high-quality thin film can be formed stably for a long time with high productivity, which is preferable.
- the first embodiment of the silicon oxide film forming method is a manufacturing method using the plasma CVD apparatus E1 shown in FIG. 1 and the plasma CVD apparatus when the insulating gas supply hole array 18 shown in FIG. 7 is used in E1. .
- the plasma CVD apparatus E1 of FIG. 1 is used as an example.
- a silicon oxide film is formed on the long base material 5 using the plasma CVD apparatus E1.
- the long base material 5 is set on the unwinding roll 2 of the plasma CVD apparatus E1, wound around the guide roll 4 and the main roll 6, and passed to the winding roll 3.
- the gas exhaust device 12 exhausts the gas in the vacuum vessel 1 sufficiently. Thereafter, a raw material gas containing silicon and oxygen are introduced from the gas pipe 15 to the gas pipe 14, and gas is supplied to the plasma formation region by the gas supply hole array 9.
- the inside of the vacuum vessel 1 is adjusted to a pressure for performing desired plasma CVD. Power is supplied from the power source 11 to the plasma generating electrode 7 to form plasma between the plasma generating electrode 7 and the main roll 6 to decompose the gas.
- the exhaust port 10 is provided with a metal mesh or the like because the discharge can be confined in the vicinity of the plasma generating electrode 7 without hindering the gas exhaust.
- a reactive gas containing Si atoms or C atoms in the molecule is used as the source gas.
- Specific examples include silane, disilane, TEOS (tetraethoxysilane), TMS (tetramethoxysilane), HMDS (hexamethyldisilazane), HMDSO (hexamethyldisiloxane), methane, ethane, ethylene, acetylene, and the like.
- the source gas may be diluted with a rare gas such as argon in addition to oxygen.
- the silicon oxide film formed on the long base material 5 is uniform and has a good quality with little mixing of particles.
- the second embodiment of the silicon oxide film forming method is a manufacturing method using plasma CVD apparatuses E2 and E3 shown in FIGS. As an example, a case where the plasma CVD apparatus E2 of FIG. 4 is used will be described.
- a silicon oxide film is formed on the long base material 5 using the plasma CVD apparatus E2.
- the long base material 5 is set on the unwinding roll 2 of the plasma CVD apparatus E2, wound around the guide roll 4 and the main roll 6, and passed to the winding roll 3.
- the gas exhaust device 12 exhausts the gas in the vacuum vessel 1 sufficiently. If two or more gas supply hole arrays 9 are provided and a gas different from the other gas supply hole arrays is supplied to the gas supply hole array 9 closest to the surface of the plasma generating electrode 7, particles are less likely to adhere to the electrodes. Therefore, it is preferable.
- the inside of the vacuum vessel 1 is adjusted to a pressure for performing desired plasma CVD.
- Power is supplied from the power source 11 to the plasma generating electrode 7 to form plasma between the plasma generating electrode 7 and the main roll 6 to decompose the gas.
- the used gas is exhausted from the gas exhaust port 10 to the outside of the film formation space.
- the long base material 5 is conveyed from the unwinding roll 2 to the take-up roll 3, and a silicon oxide film is formed on the long base material 5.
- the exhaust port 10 is provided with a metal mesh or the like because the discharge can be confined in the vicinity of the plasma generating electrode 7 without hindering the gas exhaust.
- a polymerizable gas containing Si atoms or C atoms in the molecule is supplied from a gas supply hole array 9 far from the plasma generating electrode 7, and non-circular gas such as argon or helium is supplied from the gas supply hole array 9 closest to the plasma generating electrode 7. It is more preferable to supply a polymerizable gas because particles are less likely to adhere to the electrode.
- the polymerizable gas containing Si atoms or C atoms in the molecule includes silane, disilane, TEOS (tetraethoxysilane), TMS (tetramethoxysilane), HMDS (hexamethyldisilazane), and HMDSO (hexa). Methyldisiloxane), methane, ethane, ethylene, acetylene, and the like, but are not limited thereto.
- the film By forming the film in this way, it is difficult for particles to adhere to the vicinity of the electrode, the film can be formed more stably, and mixing of particles into the film can be suppressed.
- the third embodiment of the silicon oxide film forming method is a manufacturing method using the plasma CVD apparatus E4 shown in FIGS.
- gas is supplied from a plurality of gas supply ports into the decompression space, plasma is generated by the plasma generating electrode 7, and a thin film is formed on the surface of the long base material 5 conveyed along the surface of the main roll 6.
- the film formation space sandwiched between the main roll 6 and the plasma generating electrode 7 is sandwiched from the upstream side and the downstream side in the transport direction of the long base material 5 and extends in the width direction of the long base material 5.
- a plasma generation suppression type gas supply port 19a for supplying gas to one of the two side walls 8a while suppressing the generation of plasma, and to promote the generation of plasma.
- a non-polymerizable gas from the plasma generation promotion type gas supply port 19b in a state where plasma is introduced into the gas supply hole. Further, it is preferable to supply a gas containing at least a polymerizable gas containing Si atoms or C atoms in the molecule from the plasma generation suppressing gas supply port 19a in a state where the plasma does not enter the gas supply hole.
- the non-polymerizable gas can be strongly activated by the plasma inside the gas supply port and supplied to the surface of the long base material 5 to improve the film formation rate. Further, it is preferable because the film quality can be improved.
- the polymerizable gas since the plasma does not enter the gas supply port, the polymerizable gas is preferable because a problem that a polymerization reaction occurs at the gas supply port and the gas supply port is clogged does not occur.
- the vacuum thin film forming method there are various film forming methods such as a vapor deposition method and a sputtering method in addition to the CVD method, and the optimum film forming method is selected depending on the balance between required film characteristics and productivity.
- a sputtering method is often used.
- Sputtering methods have the major disadvantages of not being able to increase the deposition rate and lowering productivity compared to other deposition methods.
- the deposition rate has been improved by establishing plasma densification techniques such as magnetron sputtering. It has been.
- the reactive sputtering method is a technique in which a target atom blown off by sputtering reacts with a gas such as oxygen or nitrogen, and the generated substance is deposited as a thin film on a substrate.
- a gas such as oxygen or nitrogen
- the generated substance is deposited as a thin film on a substrate.
- the reactive sputtering method not only a metal material but also an oxide or nitride film can be formed.
- an insulator such as copper nitride formed with a copper target and nitrogen
- the insulator adheres to the target surface as the sputtering time advances, and the electric field on the target surface changes to change the film surface. There was a problem that uniformity was impaired and arc discharge was caused.
- JP 2009-199813 A as a device for laminating a transparent conductive film, in a sputtering electrode having a cathode electrode and a high-frequency application unit, argon gas is reacted near the cathode electrode surface, that is, near the target surface, and the high-frequency application unit is reacted.
- a reactive sputtering apparatus that supplies a reactive gas is used. According to this apparatus, reactive sputtering can be performed without changing the surface state of the target by separately supplying argon gas near the target and supplying reactive gas near the substrate.
- high frequency inductively coupled plasma can be generated between the target and the substrate during sputtering, the reaction between the target atoms and the reactive gas can be improved, and a stable, high-quality transparent conductive film can be produced. it can.
- the above-mentioned documents do not describe anything about the contamination on the high-frequency application part exposed to the plasma as in the cathode electrode.
- the metal particles sputtered from the target react with the reactive gas in the vicinity of the high frequency application part, and the film adheres to the high frequency application part in addition to the base material. For this reason, the stability of the plasma may be lost in a long-time discharge, and stable film formation may not be performed.
- the high-frequency application unit is eliminated in the above-described apparatus, the reaction between the sputtered metal particles and the reactive gas is not promoted, and the film formation rate is reduced. Furthermore, the gas supply and exhaust methods are not clear.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of the reactive sputtering apparatus of the present invention.
- the reactive sputtering apparatus E4 of the present invention has a vacuum vessel 1.
- An exhaust device 12 is connected to the vacuum vessel 1.
- an unwinding roll 2 and a winding roll 3 are provided, and a guide roll 4 for unwinding the long base material 5 and conveying it to the main roll 6 is disposed.
- the main roll 6 may include a temperature adjustment mechanism such as a cooling mechanism.
- the long base material 5 that has passed through the main roll 6 passes through another guide roll 4 and is taken up by the take-up roll 3.
- a magnetron electrode 24 connected to the power source 11 and holding the target 23 is disposed at a position facing the main roll 6.
- the material of the target 23 may be selected, for example, when copper nitride is formed, but is not limited to this, and can be freely selected depending on the desired film type.
- Side walls 8 a and 8 b are arranged one by one with the magnetron electrode 8 interposed between the upstream side and the downstream side with respect to the conveying direction of the long base material 5.
- Gas supply hole arrays 9a and 9b for supplying source gas are provided on one of the upstream side wall and the downstream side wall (side wall 8a in the figure), and the remaining one side wall (side wall 8b in the figure)
- a gas exhaust port 10 for gas exhaust is provided.
- the position of the magnetron electrode 24 can be freely selected in consideration of the structure in the vacuum vessel 1 as long as the main roll 6 and the magnetron electrode 24 can be arranged to face each other.
- the size (width) of the surface of the magnetron electrode 24 facing the long base material 5 can also be selected in consideration of the size of the long base material 5, but the end of the long base material 5 in the width direction is also selected.
- the length in the width direction of the long base 5 in the magnetron electrode 24 is larger than the width of the long base 5.
- the size of the target 23 held by the magnetron electrode 24 can be selected in the same way.
- magnetic field generating means such as a magnetron magnetic circuit is provided inside the magnetron electrode 24 .
- a magnetic field By using a magnetic field, high-density plasma can be formed on the surface of the target 23. Further, since heat may be generated during plasma formation and the internal magnet may be demagnetized, it is preferable that a cooling water flow path is formed in the plasma generation electrode.
- a DC power source As the power source 11, a DC power source, a DC pulse power source, an RF power source, or the like can be used. However, when an insulating material such as copper nitride is formed, the DC pulse power source is used from the viewpoint of discharge stability and film forming speed. Is preferably used.
- FIG. 18 is an enlarged perspective view of the magnetron electrode 24 and the side walls 8a and 8b in the reactive sputtering apparatus E1 of FIG.
- the size of the side walls 8 a and 8 b is selected according to the size of the magnetron electrode 24 and the distance between the magnetron electrode 24 and the main roll 6.
- the side walls 8 a and 8 b have a gap with a side surface of the magnetron electrode 24 (left and right of the magnetron electrode 24 in FIG. 18) and are insulated from the magnetron electrode 24.
- the width of the gap is preferably 1 to 5 mm for the purpose of suppressing abnormal discharge in the gap.
- An insulator may be sandwiched between the magnetron electrode 24 and the side walls 8a and 8b.
- the side walls 8a and 8b are preferably grounded.
- the plasma is localized and generated in the region surrounded by the main roll 6, the plasma generating electrode 24, and the side walls 8a and 8b, that is, the film formation space. It becomes easy to let you. Moreover, since unnecessary film
- a power source capable of non-grounded output of two terminals is used as the power source 11 without setting the two side walls 8a and 8b to the ground potential, and one terminal of the output is the plasma generation electrode 24 and the other terminal is the 2 Connecting to the side walls 8a and 8b is also a preferable mode because the discharge can be stably continued for a long time even if a thin film adheres to the side walls 8a and 8b. Without the side walls 8a and 8b, the plasma spreads on the main roll 6 and the vacuum vessel 1, and the plasma tends to become unstable.
- the side walls 8a and 8b are arranged one by one on the upstream side and the downstream side with respect to the conveying direction of the long base material 5, but with respect to the width direction of the long base material 5.
- Side walls may be provided on the front side and the back side, and the entire side surface of the magnetron electrode 24 may be covered with the side walls so as to have a box shape.
- the main roll 6 is often long in the width direction, and accordingly, the plasma generation electrode 24 and the side walls 8a and 8b are also long in the main roll width direction. Therefore, what is important for the purpose of enclosing the plasma is the side wall on the upstream side and the downstream side in the transport direction of the long base material 5. However, in order to localize the plasma more reliably, it is more preferable that there are side walls on the front side and the back side with respect to the width direction of the long base material 5.
- the gas supply holes 9a and 9b provided in the side wall 8a are arranged in the width direction of the long base material 5 as shown in FIG. Preferably, side-by-side rows are formed. If the gas can be uniformly supplied to the film formation space, there is no strict restriction on the way in which the gas supply holes are arranged. For example, even if they are arranged obliquely in the width direction of the long base material 5, they are lattice-like when viewed microscopically. It does not matter if they are lined up.
- the interval at which the gas supply holes are arranged may be arbitrarily determined, according to the knowledge of the present inventors, it is difficult for film formation unevenness to occur, and therefore the interval between the gas supply holes is preferably 50 mm or less.
- Non-reactive gas is supplied from one of the gas supply hole rows 9a and 9b closest to the surface of the target 23 (the gas supply hole row 9b in FIGS. 18 and 19). Reactive gas is supplied from the other gas supply hole row (the gas supply hole row 9a in FIGS. 18 and 19).
- the non-reactive gas for example, an arbitrary gas can be selected from gases that do not cause a chemical reaction with the material of the target 23, such as argon.
- the reactive gas for example, when forming a copper nitride film, nitrogen may be selected.
- the reactive gas is not limited to this, and can be freely selected according to a desired film type.
- a high-density plasma region is formed by magnetron discharge, but the gas supply hole array 9b closest to the surface of the target 23 is arranged so that non-reactive gas is supplied to the high-density plasma region. It is preferable. Specifically, in order to supply the non-reactive gas to the vicinity of the surface of the target 23, it is preferable that the positions of the gas supply holes included in the gas supply hole row 9b on the side wall 8a are as follows.
- a plane parallel to the surface of the target 23 including a point that is 50% of the maximum value of the parallel magnetic flux density on the surface is used as a reference plane, and the gas supply hole row 9b is preferably included in a region closer to the target 23 than the reference plane.
- the measurement part at the tip of the probe is directly contacted with the surface of the target 7, and the position of the maximum magnetic flux density on the surface of the target 23 is specified.
- the probe is moved from that position toward the main roll 6 to measure the parallel magnetic flux density.
- the gas supply hole row 9a is preferably arranged so that the reactive gas is supplied to the main roll 6 side from the high-density plasma region. Specifically, it is preferable that the gas supply hole row 9a is in a region closer to the main roll 6 than the reference surface described above.
- the film formation rate can be improved by the magnetron discharge, and at the same time, it is possible to suppress the film formation species generated by the reaction between the target particles and the reactive gas from adhering to the surface of the target 23, Sputtering can be performed stably for a long time.
- FIG. 23 (a) shows an enlarged side view of the gas supply part of an example of the reactive sputtering apparatus of the present invention
- FIG. 23 (b) shows an enlarged rear view of the gas supply part of an example of the reactive sputtering apparatus of the present invention.
- the side wall 8a is provided with through holes through which gas is blown out at an arbitrary interval and number.
- Gas pipes 14 a and 14 b are attached to the surface of the side wall 8 a opposite to the magnetron electrode 24.
- the gas pipes 14a and 14b are provided with holes through which gas is introduced at locations corresponding to the through holes provided in the side wall 8a.
- the raw material gases introduced from the gas pipes 15a and 15b connected to the gas pipes 14a and 14b are distributed and supplied from the gas pipes 15a and 15b to the respective gas supply holes.
- the inner diameter of the gas supply hole is preferably 0.1 mm or more and 3 mm or less from the viewpoint of the stability of the discharge state due to the plasma entering the gas supply hole, and 0.5 mm or more considering the processing cost and the like. More preferably, it is 3 mm or less.
- the pressure in the vacuum vessel 1 is maintained at a low pressure, and film formation is performed in a region close to the molecular flow, so that an accompanying flow due to the rotation of the main roll 6 hardly occurs. Therefore, the gas supply direction may be introduced between the long base material 5 and the target 23 and the magnetron electrode 24 substantially in parallel with the long base material 5. In the case where there is a possibility that the gas flow becomes close to a viscous flow depending on the film forming conditions, it is preferable to introduce the gas supply from the upstream side in the transport direction of the long base material 5.
- the side wall 8b facing the side wall 8a has a gas exhaust port 10.
- the gas exhaust port 10 is preferably disposed near the connection port of the exhaust device 12 or, if possible, the gas exhaust port 10 and the connection port of the exhaust device 12 are preferably connected by a duct. . Further, it is more preferable that the gas exhaust port 10 is opened within a range including many points of the gas supply hole row 9 projected on the side wall 8b in the horizontal direction with respect to the surface of the plasma generating electrode 7.
- FIG. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second reactive sputtering apparatus E5 showing another example of the reactive sputtering apparatus of the present invention.
- the gas supply hole array closest to the surface of the target 23 held by the magnetron electrode 24 and the gas supply closest to the second surface from the surface of the target 23 are provided among two or more gas supply hole arrays.
- a current plate 25 extending in the width direction of the long base material 5 is provided between the hole rows. The presence of the rectifying plate 25 allows the gas to flow in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the target 23 by the rectifying plate 25 even if the direction in which the non-reactive gas is blown out is not the surface direction of the target 23.
- the 20 is an enlarged perspective view of the magnetron electrode 24 and the side walls 8a and 8b in the reactive sputtering apparatus E5 of FIG.
- the current plate 25 has a length in the direction in which the gas blows out from the side wall 8a.
- the gas introduced from the gas supply hole arrays 9a and 9b diffuses in the film formation space maintained at a low pressure.
- the non-reactive gas that has flowed out of the gas supply hole array 9a on the target 7 side and the reactive gas that has flowed out of the gas supply hole array 9b on the main roll 6 side in the film formation space are sandwiched by the rectifying plate 17. It becomes difficult to mix, and the non-reactive gas easily flows along the surface of the target 23.
- the length of the rectifying plate 25 in the conveying direction of the long base material 5 is 15 mm or more and the length of the long base material 5 of the electrode from the viewpoint of the effect of suppressing the gas flow and the discharge stability. It is preferably less than 25% of the width in the transport direction. More preferably, the rectifying plate 25 is not applied to the region where the plasma is concentrated by the magnetic circuit.
- FIG. 21 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a third reactive sputtering apparatus E6 showing another example of the reactive sputtering apparatus of the present invention.
- the intermediate position between the gas supply hole row closest to the surface of the target 23 and the gas supply hole row closest to the surface of the target 23 among the plurality of gas supply hole rows provided in the side wall 8a is.
- the gas exhaust port 10 is positioned above the main roll 6 in the vertical direction from the center position of the area of the gas exhaust port 10.
- the center position of the area of the gas exhaust port 10 refers to the center of gravity of the shape of the gas exhaust port 10. For example, if it is a rectangle, the intersection of two diagonal lines is the center position of the area, and if it is a circle, the center point of the circle is the center position of the area. If the shape of the gas exhaust port is a triangle, the center of the triangle is the point where the line (midline) connecting each vertex and the midpoint of the side facing the vertex of two of the three vertices of the triangle intersects Yes, it is the central point in the area of the exhaust port. For squares such as squares and rectangles whose diagonals are not the same length, the center of gravity is obtained as follows.
- a quadrangle can be divided into two triangles in two ways using each of the two diagonals.
- the center of gravity of the two divided triangles is obtained, and a single line (center of gravity line) can be drawn by connecting the points.
- the intersection of the barycentric line obtained using the first diagonal line and the barycentric line obtained using the second diagonal line is the center of gravity of the rectangle.
- the center of gravity can be obtained by dividing it into a triangle and a quadrangle.
- the center of gravity can be obtained by devising the division method.
- the shape of the gas exhaust port 11 is preferably a shape close to an ellipse or a rectangle because exhaust is uneven when the shape is asymmetrical.
- the gas exhaust port 10 since abnormal discharge may occur at the gas exhaust port 10, it is preferable to have a plurality of exhaust holes in the gas exhaust port 10 so as not to disturb the gas flow in order to stabilize the discharge. It becomes possible to localize the plasma in the film formation space, and it is possible to generate the plasma stably without causing discharge in an unnecessary place inside the vacuum vessel 1. Moreover, the contamination by the film
- the plurality of exhaust holes for example, it is convenient to stretch a metal mesh on the gas exhaust port 10 or the like, but fine holes may be formed in the insulator. Even when the metal mesh is stretched, any material such as stainless steel, nickel, or aluminum can be used.
- the mesh has a mesh roughness of preferably 0.5 mm to 2 mm and an aperture ratio of 30% or more from the viewpoint of plasma leakage and exhaust flow.
- the embodiment of the copper nitride film forming method is a manufacturing method using the reactive sputtering apparatuses E4, E5, and E6 shown in FIGS. As an example, the case where the reactive sputtering apparatus E4 of FIG. 17 is used will be described.
- the long base material 5 is set on the unwinding roll 2 in the vacuum vessel 1, wound around the guide roll 4 and the main roll 6, and passed to the winding roll 3.
- the inside of the vacuum vessel 1 is sufficiently evacuated by the exhaust device 12. Thereafter, argon as a non-reactive gas is introduced from the gas pipe 15b to the gas pipe 14b, and nitrogen as a reactive gas is introduced from the gas pipe 15a to the gas pipe 14a. Reactive gas is supplied from the gas supply hole row 9b and non-reactive gas is supplied from the gas supply hole row 9a to the film formation space.
- the inside of the vacuum vessel 1 is adjusted to a pressure for performing reactive sputtering.
- Power is supplied from the power source 11 to the magnetron electrode 24 to form plasma between the target 23 and the magnetron electrode 24 and the main roll 6.
- High density plasma is formed on the surface of the target 23 made of metal or the like held by the magnetron electrode 24 by a magnetic circuit inside the magnetron electrode 24.
- the particles released from the target 23 into the film formation space by sputtering react with the reactive gas and become film formation seeds.
- the used gas is exhausted from the gas exhaust port 10 to the outside of the film formation space.
- the long base material 5 is conveyed from the unwinding roll 2 to the take-up roll 3, and a film-forming species is adhered to the surface of the long base material 5 to form a film.
- the reactive sputtering method of the present invention it is preferable to select a rare gas that does not cause a chemical reaction with the material of the target 23 as the non-reactive gas, and it is particularly preferable to select argon from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost.
- the material of the target 23 is selected from metals such as copper, chromium, titanium, and aluminum, and the reactive gas is selected from a gas containing nitrogen or oxygen, and nitrides, oxides, or oxynitrides of these metals are selected.
- the thin film is formed on the surface of the long base material, it can be formed particularly stably and is more preferable.
- the surface of the target 23 is hardly contaminated, and the film formation can be stably performed for a long time without disturbing the film formation speed and the film quality.
- Example 1 Based on the first embodiment of the silicon oxide film formation method, the plasma state during the formation of the silicon oxide film and the state of the electrode after the film formation were observed using the plasma CVD apparatus E1 shown in FIG.
- the main roll 6 has a diameter of 500 mm and a width of 340 mm.
- the plasma generating electrode 7 was formed by combining a titanium plate having a length of 236 mm, a width of 80 mm and a thickness of 6 mm and a SUS box having a length of 236 mm, a width of 80 mm and a height of 30 mm. Cooling water is poured into the SUS box to cool the titanium plate.
- the thickness of the side walls 8a and 8b is 3 mm.
- the height of the side walls 8a and 8b was 50 mm from the main roll side surface of the plasma generating electrode 7, and the length in the width direction was 248 mm.
- the gas supply hole row 9 was formed on the side wall (8a in FIG. 1) on the upstream side with respect to the transport direction.
- the hole size of each gas supply hole was 0.5 mm, and five holes were formed in a horizontal row at a height of 40 mm from the plasma generating electrode 7 with a gap of 34 mm at both ends and 45 mm intervals.
- a gas exhaust port 10 was provided on the downstream side (8b in FIG. 1) with respect to the transport direction, and a metal mesh was stretched on the exhaust port.
- the plasma generating electrode 7 was connected to an MF band high frequency power source, and the side walls 8a and 8b were grounded.
- the long substrate used as the base material is a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film.
- the exhaust device 12 is evacuated until the pressure in the vacuum vessel 1 becomes 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 Pa or less, and then a mixed gas of source gas, oxygen, and Ar is introduced from the source gas supply hole row 9. did.
- a mixed gas of source gas, oxygen, and Ar is introduced from the source gas supply hole row 9.
- HMDSO 0.1 g / min was vaporized using Ar 100 sccm as a carrier gas with a vaporization feeder (not shown) and mixed with oxygen 100 sccm.
- the pressure in the vacuum vessel 1 was adjusted to 30 Pa with the pressure adjustment valve.
- plasma is generated by supplying 500 W of power at a frequency of 100 kHz to the plasma generating electrode, and the silicon oxide film is converted into the PET raw material. Formed on the opposite surface. The state of plasma during the formation of the silicon oxide film and the state of the electrode after film formation were observed.
- Example 2 Using the plasma CVD apparatus E2 shown in FIG. 4, the state of the plasma during the formation of the silicon oxide film and the state of the electrode after the film formation were observed based on the second embodiment of the silicon oxide film formation method.
- the gas supply hole array 9 for supplying the source gas was disposed at the same position as in Example 1. Further, another gas supply hole row 9 is formed at a position 9 mm away from the gas supply hole row 9 for supplying the source gas to the plasma discharge electrode 7 side, and is different from the carrier gas from the gas supply hole row. Ar was introduced.
- HMDSO 0.1 g / min As a raw material gas, HMDSO 0.1 g / min was vaporized by using Ar 50 sccm as a carrier gas with a vaporizer not shown, and mixed with 100 sccm of oxygen. Separately from the source gas, Ar 50 sccm was supplied from the lower gas supply hole row. The other parts were the same as in Example 1.
- Example 3 Using the plasma CVD apparatus E3 shown in FIG. 5, the state of the plasma during the formation of the silicon oxide film and the state of the electrode after the film formation were observed based on the third embodiment of the method for forming a participating silicon film.
- the film formation rate was 45 nm ⁇ m / min when there was no magnet, but it improved to 110 nm ⁇ m / min when there was a magnet.
- Table 2 there was no abnormal discharge and stable film formation was achieved. I did it.
- electrode contamination after film formation was reduced.
- the plasma CVD apparatus E1 shown in FIG. 1 is changed to the electrode shown in FIG. 7, and the silicon oxide film is being formed on the basis of the first embodiment of the participating silicon film forming method. The state of the plasma and the state of the electrode after film formation were observed.
- the gas supply holes of the gas supply hole row 9 were formed by forming holes at the gas hole positions on the side wall 8a and inserting a curler with an alumina ceramic brim having an inner diameter of 3 mm.
- the other parts were the same as in Example 1.
- a silicon oxide film was formed using a plasma CVD apparatus PA1 shown in FIG.
- the plasma generating electrode P7 is the same as that used in Examples 1 to 3.
- the gas supply nozzle P8 was formed with an inner diameter of 5 mm, and the pipe P9 with a copper tube.
- the vacuum container P1, the unwinding roll P2, the winding roll P3, the guide roll P4, the long base material P5, the main roll P6, and the exhaust device P10 are the same as those in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the side wall 8a on the upstream side in the conveying direction of the long base material 5.
- a plurality of small-diameter gas supply holes are arranged in a row in the width direction of the long base material as the plasma generation suppressing gas supply ports 19a.
- Plasma generation suppression type gas supply ports 20a arranged in a line and a plurality of large diameter gas supply holes arranged in a row in the width direction of the long substrate as plasma generation promotion type gas supply ports 19b Row 20b was provided.
- the distances d1 and d2 from the surface of the plasma generation electrode 7 to the plasma generation suppression type gas supply port array 20a and the plasma generation promotion type gas supply port array 20b were 10 mm and 40 mm, respectively.
- the inner diameter of the hole of the plasma generation promoting gas supply port 19b which is the gas supply port disposed closest to the main roll 6, was 5 mm.
- the inner diameter of the plasma generation suppressing gas supply port 19a was 0.5 mm.
- An exhaust port 12 and a metal mesh 21 as shown in FIG. 10 are installed on the side wall 8b on the downstream side of the long base material 5 in the conveying direction. Further, as shown in FIG. 12, a central magnet 22a and an outer peripheral magnet 22b are arranged inside the plasma generating electrode 7, and the magnetron is formed on the surface of the plasma generating electrode 7 by reversing the polarities of the central magnet 22a and the outer peripheral magnet 22b. A magnetic field was formed.
- HMDSO was used as a source gas for plasma CVD.
- HMDSO which is a reactive gas
- oxygen which is a non-reactive gas was supplied from the plasma generation promoting gas supply port 19b at a flow rate of 100 sccm.
- the pressure in the vacuum vessel was 30 Pa.
- a high frequency power source with a frequency of 100 kHz was used as the power source.
- Example 6 As shown in a schematic view showing another example of the side wall 8a shown in FIG. 14, the gas supply port arranged at the position closest to the main roll 6 is defined as a plasma generation suppressing gas supply port 19a.
- Example 5 The same as in Example 5 except that the distances d1 and d2 from the surface of the plasma generation electrode 7 to the plasma generation suppression type gas supply port array 20a and the plasma generation promotion type gas supply port array 20b were set to 40 mm and 10 mm, respectively.
- a SiOC thin film was formed on the surface of the scale substrate 5.
- the polymerizable gas HMDSO and the carrier gas Ar are supplied from the plasma generation suppressing gas supply port 19a, and the non-polymerizable gas oxygen is supplied from the plasma generation promoting gas supply port 19b.
- high-density plasma was stably generated inside the plasma generation promoting gas supply port 19b.
- the thickness of the thin film obtained at this time was 85 nm, and an improvement in the deposition rate was observed.
- Example 5 In Example 5, a SiOC thin film was formed on the surface of the long base material 5 in the same manner except that the inner diameter of the plasma generation suppressing gas supply port 19a was 0.15 mm. After the continuous film formation for 30 minutes, the plasma generation suppression type gas supply port 19a was observed, but no troubles such as clogging occurred. The thickness of the thin film obtained at this time was 115 nm, and a great improvement in the deposition rate was observed. [Example 8] In Example 5, a SiOC thin film was formed on the surface of the long base material 5 in the same manner except that the inner diameter of the plasma generation suppressing gas supply port 19a was 0.05 mm.
- Example 9 After the continuous film formation for 30 minutes, the plasma generation suppressing gas supply port 19a was observed, but although some of the plasma generation suppressing gas supply ports 19a showed signs of clogging, the thin film obtained at this time The film thickness was 110 nm, and the film formation rate was greatly improved.
- Example 9 In Example 5, a SiOC thin film was formed on the surface of the long substrate 5 in the same manner except that the inner diameter of the plasma generation promoting gas supply port 19b was set to 4.3 mm. At this time, it was confirmed that high-density plasma was stably generated inside the plasma generation promoting gas supply port 19b. The thickness of the thin film obtained at this time was 120 nm, and a great improvement in the deposition rate was observed.
- Example 10 In Example 5, a SiOC thin film was formed on the surface of the long base material 5 in the same manner except that the inner diameter of the plasma generation suppressing gas supply port 19a was 2.5 mm and the film forming pressure was 20 Pa. Stable plasma was confirmed without abnormal discharge. The thickness of the thin film obtained at this time was 115 nm, and a great improvement in the deposition rate was observed. [Example 11] In Example 5, a SiOC thin film was formed on the surface of the long base material 5 in the same manner except that the inner diameter of the plasma generation promoting gas supply port 19b was 3.7 mm.
- Example 12 In Example 6, a SiOC thin film was formed on the surface of the long substrate 5 in the same manner except that the inner diameter of the plasma generation promoting gas supply port 19b was 16 mm. At this time, weak plasma entered the inside of the plasma generation promoting gas supply port 19b during film formation. The thickness of the thin film obtained at this time was 70 nm, and a slight improvement in the deposition rate was observed.
- FIG. 15 As an upstream side wall 8a in the conveying direction of the long base material 5, as shown in FIG. 15, plasma generation suppression type gas supply ports 19a are arranged in a line in the width direction of the long base material. The one in which only one row of mouth rows 20a is arranged was used. The distance d3 from the surface of the plasma generating electrode 7 to the plasma generation suppressing gas supply port array 20a was 2.5 cm. The reactive gas HMDSO, the carrier gas Ar, and the non-polymerizable gas oxygen were mixed and supplied from the gas plasma generation suppression supply port array 20a of FIG. The inner diameter of the gas supply port 19a was 0.5 mm. Other conditions were the same as in Example 5, and a SiOC thin film was formed on the surface of the long base material 5.
- the thickness of the thin film obtained at this time was 50 nm.
- the plasma generation promoting gas supply ports 19b are arranged in a line in the width direction of the long base as the side wall 8a on the upstream side in the transport direction of the long base 5 as shown in FIG. The one in which only one row of mouth rows 20b is arranged was used.
- the distance d4 from the surface of the plasma generating electrode 7 to the plasma generation suppressing gas supply port array 19a was 2.5 cm.
- the reactive gas HMDSO, the carrier gas Ar, and the non-polymerizable gas oxygen were mixed and supplied from the gas plasma generation promotion type supply port array 20b of FIG.
- the inner diameter of the gas supply port 19b was 5 mm.
- the plasma CVD apparatus according to the present invention is preferably used for forming a thin film having a uniform and good film quality with less abnormal discharge.
- the plasma processing apparatus according to the present invention can also be applied as an etching apparatus or a plasma surface modification apparatus.
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Abstract
Description
を供給すると、電極にパーティクルが付着し難くなるため、好ましい。真空容器1内を、所望のプラズマCVDを行う圧力に調整する。電源11からプラズマ発生電極7に電力を供給し、プラズマ発生電極7とメインロール6の間にプラズマを形成し、ガスを分解する。使用したガスは、ガス排気口10より成膜空間の外に排気される。巻き出しロール2から巻き取りロール3へ長尺基材5を搬送し、長尺基材5上に酸化珪素膜を形成する。この際、排気口10には金属メッシュ等が張られている方が、ガスの排気を妨げることなく放電をプラズマ発生電極7近傍に閉じ込めることが出来るため、好ましい。
[実施例1]
図1に示すプラズマCVD装置E1を用いて、上記酸化珪素膜形成方法の第1の実施形態に基づき、酸化珪素膜の成膜中のプラズマの様子および成膜後の電極の様子を観察した。
[実施例2]
図4に示すプラズマCVD装置E2を用いて、上記酸化珪素膜形成方法の第2の実施形態に基づき、酸化珪素膜の成膜中のプラズマの様子および成膜後の電極の様子を観察した。原料ガスを供給するためのガス供給孔列9は、実施例1と同様の位置に配置した。また、原料ガスを供給するガス供給孔列9よりも、プラズマ放電電極7側へ9mm離した位置にガス供給孔列9をもう1列形成し、そのガス供給孔列よりキャリアガスとは別のArを導入した。原料ガスとして、HMDSO0.1g/minを図示しない気化供給機でキャリアガスであるAr50sccmを用いて気化し、酸素100sccmと混合した。また、原料ガスとは別にAr50sccmを上記下段のガス供給孔列より供給した。それ以外の部分は実施例1と同様とした。
[実施例3]
図5に示すプラズマCVD装置E3を用いて、上記参加珪素膜形成方法の第3の実施形態に基づき、酸化珪素膜の成膜中のプラズマの様子および成膜後の電極の様子を観察した。プラズマ発生電極7のSUSの箱の内部には幅10mm、高さ15mmのネオジム磁石16を配置し、冷却水流路17に冷却水を流した。それ以外の部分は実施例2と同様とした。
[実施例4]
図1に示すプラズマCVD装置E1における電極を、図7に示す電極に変更したプラズマCVD装置を用いて、上記参加珪素膜形成方法の第1の実施形態に基づき、酸化珪素膜の成膜中のプラズマの様子および成膜後の電極の様子を観察した。ガス供給孔列9のガス供給孔は、側壁8aのガス孔位置に孔を形成し、内径3mmのアルミナセラミックスツバ付きカーラーを差し込んで形成した。それ以外の部分は実施例1と同様とした。
[比較例1]
図6に示すプラズマCVD装置PA1を用いて、酸化珪素膜を形成した。プラズマ発生電極P7は、実施例1~3で使用したものと同様である。ガス供給用のノズルP8は内径5mm、配管P9は銅管で形成した。真空容器P1および巻き出しロールP2、巻き取りロールP3、ガイドロールP4、長尺基材P5、メインロールP6、排気装置P10は実施例1と同様である。
[実施例5]
図8および図9に示すプラズマCVD装置E4を用いて薄膜を形成した。長尺基材5として厚さ100μmのPETフィルムを使用した。プラズマ発生電極7の表面から側壁8aのメインロール6側端部までの距離を5cm、側壁8aのメインロール6側端部とメインロール6との隙間を1mmに設定した。図13は長尺基材5の搬送方向の上流側の側壁8aの概略図である。長尺基材5の搬送方向の上流側の側壁8aには、図13に示すようにプラズマ発生抑制型ガス供給口19aとして複数の小径ガス供給孔が長尺基材の幅方向に1列に並んだプラズマ発生抑制型ガス供給口列20aと、プラズマ発生促進型ガス供給口19bとして複数の大径ガス供給孔が長尺基材の幅方向に1列に並んだプラズマ発生促進型ガス供給口列20bとを設けた。プラズマ発生電極7の表面からプラズマ発生抑制型ガス供給口列20aおよびプラズマ発生促進型ガス供給口列20bまでの距離d1およびd2をそれぞれ10mmおよび40mmとした。メインロール6に最も近い位置に配置されているガス供給口であるプラズマ発生促進型ガス供給口19bの孔の内径を5mmとした。また、プラズマ発生抑制型ガス供給口19aの孔の内径を0.5mmとした。長尺基材5の搬送方向の下流側の側壁8bには図10に示すような排気口12および金属メッシュ21を設置した。また、プラズマ発生電極7の内部には図12に示すように中央磁石22aと外周磁石22bを配置し、中央磁石22aと外周磁石22bの極性を逆にすることでプラズマ発生電極7の表面にマグネトロン磁場を形成した。
[実施例6]
図14に示す側壁8aの別の一例を示す概略図のように、メインロール6に最も近い位置に配置されているガス供給口をプラズマ発生抑制型ガス供給口19aとした。プラズマ発生電極7の表面からプラズマ発生抑制型ガス供給口列20aおよびプラズマ発生促進型ガス供給口列20bまでの距離d1およびd2をそれぞれ40mmおよび10mmとした以外は、実施例5と同様にして長尺基材5の表面にSiOC薄膜を形成した。重合性ガスのHMDSOとキャリアガスのArはプラズマ発生抑制型ガス供給口19aから、非重合性ガスの酸素はプラズマ発生促進型ガス供給口19bから供給したことも同様である。この場合もプラズマ発生促進型ガス供給口19bの内部には高密度なプラズマが安定して発生していた。このとき得られた薄膜の膜厚は85nmであり、成膜速度の改善が見られた。また、表2に示すとおり、成膜後の電極汚れも軽減された。
[実施例7]
実施例5において、プラズマ発生抑制型ガス供給口19aの孔の内径を0.15mmとしたこと以外は同様にして、長尺基材5の表面にSiOC薄膜を形成した。30分間の連続成膜を実施したあとプラズマ発生抑制型ガス供給口19aを観察したが、閉塞などのトラブルは全く発生しなかった。このとき得られた薄膜の膜厚は115nmであり、成膜速度の大きな改善が見られた。
[実施例8]
実施例5において、プラズマ発生抑制型ガス供給口19aの孔の内径を0.05mmとしたこと以外は同様にして、長尺基材5の表面にSiOC薄膜を形成した。30分間の連続成膜を実施したあとプラズマ発生抑制型ガス供給口19aを観察したところ、一部のプラズマ発生抑制型ガス供給口19aに閉塞の兆候が見られたものの、このとき得られた薄膜の膜厚は110nmであり、成膜速度の大きな改善が見られた。
[実施例9]
実施例5において、プラズマ発生促進型ガス供給口19bの孔の内径を4.3mmとしたこと以外は同様にして、長尺基材5の表面にSiOC薄膜を形成した。このとき、プラズマ発生促進型ガス供給口19bの内部には高密度なプラズマが安定して発生することを確認できた。このとき得られた薄膜の膜厚は120nmであり、成膜速度の大きな改善が見られた。
[実施例10]
実施例5において、プラズマ発生抑制型ガス供給口19aの内径を2.5mmとし、成膜圧力を20Paとしたこと以外は同様にして、長尺基材5の表面にSiOC薄膜を形成した。異常放電なく安定したプラズマを確認した。このとき得られた薄膜の膜厚は115nmであり、成膜速度の大きな改善が見られた。
[実施例11]
実施例5において、プラズマ発生促進型ガス供給口19bの内径を3.7mmとしたこと以外は同様にして、長尺基材5の表面にSiOC薄膜を形成した。このとき、成膜中にプラズマ発生促進型ガス供給口10bの内部に発生した高密度なプラズマの一部が若干明滅したものの、このとき得られた薄膜の膜厚は110nmであり、成膜速度の大きな改善が見られた。
[実施例12]
実施例6において、プラズマ発生促進型ガス供給口19bの内径を16mmとしたこと以外は同様にして、長尺基材5の表面にSiOC薄膜を形成した。このとき、成膜中にプラズマ発生促進型ガス供給口19bの内部に弱いプラズマが入り込んでいた。このとき得られた薄膜の膜厚は70nmであり、成膜速度の若干の改善が見られた。
[比較例2]
長尺基材5の搬送方向の上流側の側壁8aとして、図15に示すようにプラズマ発生抑制型ガス供給口19aが長尺基材の幅方向に1列に並んだプラズマ発生抑制型ガス供給口列20aを1列のみ配置したものを用いた。プラズマ発生電極7の表面からプラズマ発生抑制型ガス供給口列20aまでの距離d3は2.5cmとした。反応性ガスのHMDSOとキャリアガスのArおよび非重合性ガスの酸素を混合して図15のガスプラズマ発生抑制型供給口列20aから供給した。ガス供給口19aの内径は0.5mmとした。その他の条件は実施例5と同様にして、長尺基材5の表面にSiOC薄膜を形成した。このとき得られた薄膜の膜厚は50nmであった。
[比較例3]
長尺基材5の搬送方向の上流側の側壁8aとして、図16に示すようにプラズマ発生促進型ガス供給口19bが長尺基材の幅方向に1列に並んだプラズマ発生促進型ガス供給口列20bを1列のみ配置したものを用いた。プラズマ発生電極7の表面からプラズマ発生抑制型ガス供給口列19aまでの距離d4は2.5cmとした。反応性ガスのHMDSOとキャリアガスのArおよび非重合性ガスの酸素を混合して図16のガスプラズマ発生促進型供給口列20bから供給した。ガス供給口19bの内径は5mmとした。その他の条件は実施例5と同様にして、長尺基材5の表面にSiOC薄膜を形成した。このとき、成膜時間が経過するにつれてガス供給孔19bの内部に白色の付着物が蓄積し、プラズマが不安定になり、安定した成膜を行うことができなかった。
2 : 巻き出しロール
3 : 巻き取りロール
4 : ガイドロール
5 : 長尺基材
6 : メインロール
7 : プラズマ発生電極
8a、8b : 側壁
9、9a、9b : ガス供給孔列
10 : ガス排気口
11 : 電源
12 : 排気装置
13 : 絶縁物
14a、14b : ガス管
15a、15b : ガスパイプ
16 : 磁石
17 : 冷却水流路
18 : 絶縁ガス供給孔列
19a : プラズマ発生抑制型ガス供給口
19b : プラズマ発生促進型ガス供給口
20a : プラズマ発生抑制型ガス供給口列
20b : プラズマ発生促進型ガス供給口列
21 : 排気孔
22a : 中央磁石
22b : 外周磁石
23 : ターゲット
24 : マグネトロン電極
25 : 整流板
E1、E2、E3、E4、PA1 : プラズマCVD装置
E5、E6、E7 : 反応性スパッタリング装置
P1 : 真空容器
P2 : 巻き出しロール
P3 : 巻き取りロール
P4 : ガイドロール
P5 : 長尺基材
P6 : メインロール
P7 : プラズマ発生電極
P8 : ノズル
P9 : 配管
P10: 排気装置
Claims (17)
- 真空容器内に、メインロールと、プラズマ発生電極とを備え、長尺基材を前記メインロールの表面に沿わせて搬送しながら前記長尺基材の表面に薄膜を形成するプラズマCVD装置であって、前記メインロールと前記プラズマ発生電極とで挟まれる成膜空間を囲むように、前記成膜空間を挟んで前記長尺基材の搬送方向の上流側および下流側に、前記長尺基材の幅方向に延在する少なくとも1枚ずつの側壁を設け、前記側壁は前記プラズマ発生電極とは電気的に絶縁されており、前記長尺基材の搬送方向の上流側および下流側のいずれか一方の側壁にガス供給孔を備えるプラズマCVD装置。
- 前記ガス供給孔が、前記長尺基材の幅方向に一列に並んだガス供給孔を備え、該ガス供給孔列を1列以上備える請求項1に記載のプラズマCVD装置。
- 前記長尺基材の搬送方向の上流側および下流側に設けられた側壁であって前記ガス供給孔列が設けられた側壁とは反対側の側壁に排気口を備え、排気口には複数の排気孔が設けてある、請求項1または2に記載のプラズマCVD装置。
- 前記ガス供給孔列を前記長尺基材の搬送方向の上流側の側壁に備え、前記排気口を前記長尺基材の搬送方向の下流側の側壁に備える請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のプラズマCVD装置。
- 前記ガス供給孔列が2列以上であり、少なくとも最も前記プラズマ発生電極に近いガス供給孔列は、他のガス供給孔列が供給するガスとは異なる種類のガスが供給可能である、請求項2~4のいずれかに記載のプラズマCVD装置。
- 前記プラズマ発生電極表面に磁束を発生させるための磁石がプラズマ発生電極内に備えられている、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のプラズマCVD装置。
- 前記ガス供給孔のうち、重合性ガスを供給するための供給孔が、絶縁物で形成された絶縁ガス供給孔である、請求項5または6に記載のプラズマCVD装置。
- 請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の装置を用いて、前記ガス供給孔または前記ガス供給孔列から原料ガスを供給し、前記プラズマ発生電極によりプラズマを生成させて搬送中の長尺基材に薄膜を形成する、プラズマCVD方法。
- 請求項5に記載の装置を用いて、少なくとも最も前記プラズマ発生電極に近いガス供給孔列からは、他のガス供給孔列が供給する原料ガスとは異なる種類のガスを供給するプラズマCVD方法。
- 請求項9に記載の方法を用いて、前記ガス供給孔列のうち最も前記プラズマ発生電極に近いガス供給孔から供給されるガスは非反応性ガスのみとし、それ以外のガス供給孔列の何れかからは分子中にSi原子またはC原子を少なくとも含むガスを供給し、前記プラズマ発生電極によりプラズマを生成させて搬送中の前記長尺基材に薄膜を形成する、プラズマCVD方法。
- 請求項7の装置において、分子中にSi原子またはC原子を少なくとも含むガスを、前記絶縁ガス供給孔列から供給するプラズマCVD方法。
- 真空容器内に、メインロールと、ターゲットを載置できるマグネトロン電極とを備え、長尺基材を前記メインロールの表面に沿わせて搬送しながら前記長尺基材の表面に薄膜を形成する反応性スパッタリング装置であって、前記メインロールと前記マグネトロン電極とで挟まれる成膜空間を囲むように、前記成膜空間を挟んで前記長尺基材の搬送方向の上流側および下流側に、前記長尺基材の幅方向に延在する少なくとも1枚ずつの側壁を設け、前記側壁は前記マグネトロン電極とは電気的に絶縁されており、前記長尺基材の搬送方向の上流側および下流側のいずれか一方の側壁にガス排気口を備え、前記ガス排気口を備えていない方の側壁には前記長尺基材の幅方向に一列に並んだ複数のガス供給孔が形成するガス供給孔列を2列以上備え、前記ガス供給孔列のうち前記ターゲット表面に最も近い一列は、前記ターゲット表面近傍に非反応性ガスを供給するためのものであり、それ以外の前記ガス供給孔列は反応性ガスを供給するためのものである、反応性スパッタリング装置。
- 前記ガス供給孔列のうち前記ターゲット表面に最も近いガス供給孔列と、前記ターゲット表面に2番目に近いガス供給孔列との間に、前記長尺基材の幅方向に延在する整流板を備える、請求項12に記載の反応性スパッタリング装置。
- 前記メインロールの軸に対して垂直な断面において、前記2列以上のガス供給孔列のうち前記ターゲット表面に最も近いガス供給孔列と前記ターゲット表面に2番目に近いガス供給孔列との中間位置が、前記ガス排気口の面積の中心位置よりも鉛直方向上側にある、請求項12または13に記載の反応性スパッタリング装置。
- 前記ガス排気口には複数の排気孔が設けてある、請求項12~14のいずれかに記載の反応性スパッタリング装置。
- 請求項12~15のいずれかに記載の装置を用いて、前記ガス供給孔列のうち前記ターゲット表面に最も近い一列より非反応性ガスを供給し、他の前記ガス供給孔列より反応性ガスを供給し、前記マグネトロン電極に電力を印加することによりプラズマを生成させて前記長尺基材に薄膜を形成する、反応性スパッタリング方法。
- 前記非反応性ガスをアルゴンとし、前記反応性ガスを窒素または酸素の少なくともいずれか一方を含むガスとし、前記ターゲットの材質を銅、クロム、チタン、アルミニウムのいずれかとした、請求項16に記載の反応性スパッタリング方法。
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- 2012-02-14 CN CN201280016136.0A patent/CN103459661B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US20140212600A1 (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2014-07-31 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Common deposition platform, processing station, and method of operation thereof |
US9873945B2 (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2018-01-23 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Common deposition platform, processing station, and method of operation thereof |
US20180100236A1 (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2018-04-12 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Common deposition platform, processing station, and method of operation thereof |
CN104294235A (zh) * | 2013-07-19 | 2015-01-21 | 日东电工株式会社 | 薄膜形成装置 |
CN104294225A (zh) * | 2013-07-19 | 2015-01-21 | 日东电工株式会社 | 溅射装置 |
US20150021172A1 (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2015-01-22 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Thin film forming apparatus |
US20150021173A1 (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2015-01-22 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Sputtering device |
KR20150010616A (ko) * | 2013-07-19 | 2015-01-28 | 닛토덴코 가부시키가이샤 | 스퍼터 장치 |
TWI555868B (zh) * | 2013-07-19 | 2016-11-01 | 日東電工股份有限公司 | 濺鍍裝置 |
TWI568873B (zh) * | 2013-07-19 | 2017-02-01 | 日東電工股份有限公司 | 成膜裝置 |
KR101982361B1 (ko) * | 2013-07-19 | 2019-05-27 | 닛토덴코 가부시키가이샤 | 스퍼터 장치 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MY182033A (en) | 2021-01-18 |
EP2692898B1 (en) | 2020-03-25 |
TWI539026B (zh) | 2016-06-21 |
EP2692898A4 (en) | 2014-09-17 |
TW201245487A (en) | 2012-11-16 |
US20140023796A1 (en) | 2014-01-23 |
CN103459661B (zh) | 2016-06-22 |
KR20140043714A (ko) | 2014-04-10 |
EP2692898A1 (en) | 2014-02-05 |
CN103459661A (zh) | 2013-12-18 |
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