WO2012128261A1 - フロートガラスおよびその製造方法 - Google Patents
フロートガラスおよびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012128261A1 WO2012128261A1 PCT/JP2012/057058 JP2012057058W WO2012128261A1 WO 2012128261 A1 WO2012128261 A1 WO 2012128261A1 JP 2012057058 W JP2012057058 W JP 2012057058W WO 2012128261 A1 WO2012128261 A1 WO 2012128261A1
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- bath
- float glass
- glass
- molten
- molten tin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B18/00—Shaping glass in contact with the surface of a liquid
- C03B18/02—Forming sheets
- C03B18/18—Controlling or regulating the temperature of the float bath; Composition or purification of the float bath
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B18/00—Shaping glass in contact with the surface of a liquid
- C03B18/02—Forming sheets
- C03B18/20—Composition of the atmosphere above the float bath; Treating or purifying the atmosphere above the float bath
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a float glass and a manufacturing method thereof.
- the float glass is produced by flowing molten glass continuously supplied onto molten tin in a bath toward the exit of the bath on molten tin and forming it into a strip shape (for example, Patent Document 1). reference).
- the molten glass is cooled in the process of flowing in a predetermined direction in the bath, and is pulled up from the molten tin in the vicinity of the exit of the bath to become float glass.
- the molten glass supplied into the bath is generally produced by putting a powdery glass raw material into a melting furnace.
- the melting furnace has a plurality of burners for jetting flames in the melting furnace, and melts the glass raw material by radiant heat from the flames jetted by each burner.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a high-quality float glass and a method for producing the same.
- the present invention provides a float glass produced by causing molten glass continuously supplied onto molten tin in a bath to flow toward the outlet of the bath on the molten tin.
- X ( ⁇ m) is the distance in the thickness direction from the first surface located on the molten tin side in the bath to an arbitrary position toward the other second surface, which is one of the two main surfaces of the float glass.
- Float glass characterized by satisfying the following formula (1), where Da ( ⁇ m) is the distance in the plate thickness direction from the first surface at the maximum position, and Ca (mass ppm) is the water concentration at the position of Da. I will provide a.
- float glass In the float glass according to the invention, It may be a float glass that satisfies the following formula (2).
- the present invention provides a float glass manufacturing method in which float glass is produced by flowing molten glass continuously supplied onto molten tin in a bath toward the outlet of the bath on the molten tin.
- a method for producing float glass characterized in that the amount of water eluted from molten glass into molten tin in the bath is 0.5% or less of the amount of water in the molten glass immediately before flowing into the bath. .
- the temperature of the molten tin in the bath so that the amount of water eluted from the molten glass into the molten tin in the bath is 0.5% or less of the amount of water in the molten glass immediately before flowing into the bath. Or / and the temperature of the molten glass in the bath may be adjusted.
- Hydrogen in the atmosphere of the bath so that the amount of water eluted from the molten glass into the molten tin in the bath is 0.5% or less of the amount of water in the molten glass immediately before flowing into the bath.
- the gas concentration may be adjusted.
- the water concentration in the molten glass immediately before flowing into the bath may be 470 mass ppm or more.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a float glass manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is a plan view of an internal structure of a bus.
- FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the bus of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a method for producing a sample for measuring the physical properties of float glass.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing an example of the distribution of ⁇ -OH in the float glass calculated based on the result of microscopic FT-IR measurement.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing an example of the distribution of moisture concentration in the float glass calculated based on the measurement result of microscopic FT-IR.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of the distribution of the count ratio (hydrogen atoms / silicon atoms) in the float glass based on the SIMS measurement results.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing an example of the moisture concentration distribution in the float glass, which is calculated based on the microscopic FT-IR measurement results and the SIMS measurement results.
- the type of the float glass of the present embodiment is soda lime glass, but the type of the float glass of the present invention is not limited, and may be, for example, an alkali-free glass.
- the float glass is produced by flowing molten glass continuously supplied onto molten tin in a bath toward the outlet of the bath on the molten tin.
- the molten glass is cooled in the process of flowing in a predetermined direction in the bath, and is pulled up from the molten tin in the vicinity of the exit of the bath to become float glass.
- the float glass is pulled out from the exit of the bath and then transported to a slow cooling furnace where it is gradually cooled. Subsequently, the side edges (so-called ears) of the float glass are cut off. And it cut
- the moisture concentration in the float glass tends to be lower in the vicinity of the bottom surface as it approaches the bottom surface. This is because the moisture contained in the molten glass elutes into the molten tin through the bottom surface in the bath.
- the moisture concentration in the float glass is substantially constant, so that moisture does not escape.
- the amount of water (hereinafter also referred to as “initial amount”) contained in the molten glass immediately before flowing into the bath is referred to as A1 (g).
- A1 is calculated from the following formula (3). Note that “length” means a dimension in the X direction in FIG. 1, and “width” means a dimension in the Y direction in FIG.
- D is the distance between the two principal surfaces of the float glass (that is, the thickness of the float glass) ( ⁇ m)
- Ca is the position where the moisture concentration is maximum between the two principal surfaces of the float glass.
- Moisture concentration (ppm by mass) that is, substantially constant moisture concentration at a position sufficiently away from the bottom surface toward the top surface
- ⁇ represent the density (g / cm 3 ) of the float glass.
- 10 4 is for converting the unit of D from “ ⁇ m” to “cm”.
- A2 is as follows: Calculated from equation (4).
- x is one of the two main surfaces of the float glass, and is directed from the first surface (bottom surface) located on the molten tin side in the bath to the other second surface (top surface).
- the distance ( ⁇ m) in the plate thickness direction to an arbitrary position, C (x) is a function of moisture concentration (mass ppm) with x as a variable, and Da is the moisture concentration between both main surfaces of the float glass.
- board thickness direction from the 1st surface (bottom surface) of the position which becomes the maximum is each shown.
- a method for measuring the function C (x) of the moisture concentration will be described later.
- x, D, Ca, and ⁇ have the same meaning as in Formula (3).
- 10 4 is for converting the unit of x from “ ⁇ m” to “cm”.
- the float glass of this embodiment is characterized in that A calculated from the following formula (5) is 0.5% or less. A shows the ratio (%) of the elution amount A2 to the initial amount A1.
- the ratio A is preferably 0.47 (%) or less, more preferably 0.45 (%) or less.
- the present invention is suitable because the effect becomes remarkable when the water concentration Ca serving as an index of the initial amount A1 is 470 (mass ppm) or more, and is particularly suitable when it is 490 (mass ppm) or more. is there. Further, when expressed in a later beta-OH which is an indicator of water content Ca, the case of soda lime glass, it is preferable that is 0.26 mm -1 or higher, it is particularly preferable that is 0.27 mm -1 or higher .
- the product thickness of the float glass is not limited, but is, for example, 0.1 to 25 mm, preferably 0.5 to 25 mm.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a float glass manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is a plan view of an internal structure of a bus.
- FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the bus of FIG.
- the float glass 100 is produced by flowing a molten glass 30 continuously supplied onto the molten tin 20 in the bath 10 toward the outlet 12 of the bath 10 on the molten tin 20 and forming it into a strip shape.
- the molten glass 30 is cooled in the process of flowing in the bath 10 in the X direction, and is pulled up from the molten tin 20 near the outlet 12 of the bath 10 to become the float glass 100.
- the float glass 100 is drawn out from the outlet 12 of the bath 10 and then conveyed to a slow cooling furnace and gradually cooled. Subsequently, the float glass 100 is cut at both side edges (so-called ears). And it cut
- the bus 10 is provided with a spout trip 40, a plurality of heaters 50, a gas supply pipe 60, and the like.
- the spout trip 40 is a supply path that is provided near the entrance 14 of the bath 10 and supplies the molten glass 30 to the bath 10.
- the spout trip 40 is connected to a melting furnace for melting a powdery glass raw material. Therefore, the temperature of the molten glass 30 flowing into the bath 10 can be adjusted by the output of a burner provided in the melting furnace, the output of a heater provided near the spout trip 40, or the like.
- the plurality of heaters 50 heat the inside of the bus 10, and are suspended from the ceiling of the bus 10, for example, as shown in FIG.
- the plurality of heaters 50 are provided in a matrix in the flow direction (X direction) and the width direction (Y direction) of the molten glass 30.
- the temperature distribution of the molten tin 20 and the molten glass 30 in the bus 10 can be adjusted by the output of the plurality of heaters 50 and the like, and is set so that the temperature decreases toward the outlet 12 of the bus 10.
- the gas supply pipe 60 supplies a reducing gas into the bus 10, and supplies the reducing gas into the bus 10 from the side wall of the bus 10 or the ceiling of the bus 10 as shown in FIG. .
- the reducing gas includes nitrogen (N 2 ) gas, hydrogen (H 2 ) gas, and the like, and is preheated to a predetermined temperature and then blown into the bath 10.
- the concentration of hydrogen gas is preferably 15% by volume or less.
- Hydrogen gas suppresses oxidation of molten tin 20 by reacting with oxygen gas mixed in bath 10.
- the hydrogen concentration in the atmosphere in the bus 10 can be adjusted by changing the output of the gas supply pipe 60 or the type of reducing gas.
- the moisture concentration in the molten glass 30 flowing into the bath 10 is determined by the moisture concentration in the atmosphere in the melting furnace. The higher the moisture concentration in the atmosphere in the melting furnace, the higher the moisture concentration in the molten glass 30 in the melting furnace, so the moisture concentration in the molten glass 30 flowing into the bath 10 from the melting furnace increases.
- the elution amount A2 is 0.5% or less (preferably 0.47% or less, more preferably 0.45% or less) of the initial amount A1.
- the quantity (for example, hydrogen amount and oxygen amount) of the gas component dissolved in the molten tin 20 can be suppressed lower than the saturation amount.
- the saturation amount is determined by the temperature of the molten tin 20, and the saturation amount decreases as the temperature of the molten tin 20 decreases. It is particularly suitable when the ratio of the daily float glass production (ton / Day) to molten tin 20 (ton) is 300 to 600%.
- the molten tin 20 flows in the X direction along the molten glass 30 and is cooled. In the process, the supersaturated precipitation of the gas component from the molten tin 20 can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of defects (dents with a diameter of several tens of ⁇ m to several mm) on the contact surface of the molten glass 30 with the molten tin 20 in the middle stream region or the downstream region in the bath 10. The quality of the surface 102 can be improved.
- the present invention is suitable because the effect becomes remarkable when the water concentration Ca serving as an index of the initial amount A1 is 470 (mass ppm) or more, and is particularly suitable when it is 490 (mass ppm) or more. is there. Further, when expressed in a later beta-OH which is an indicator of water content Ca, the case of soda lime glass, it is preferable that is 0.26 mm -1 or higher, it is particularly preferable that is 0.27 mm -1 or higher .
- the temperature of the molten tin 20 in the bath 10 is such that the elution amount A2 is 0.5% or less (preferably 0.47% or less, more preferably 0.45% or less) of the initial amount A1. Or / and the temperature of the molten glass 30 in the bath 10 is adjusted. It is effective to perform these temperature adjustments on the upstream region in the bus 10. This is because the amount of the gas component dissolved in the molten tin 20 in the upstream region in the bath 10 determines the amount of the gas component that is supersaturated and precipitated from the molten tin 20 in the midstream region and downstream region in the bath 10.
- the “upstream area in the bus 10” means all areas upstream from the position 160 inches (corresponding to 406 cm) in the X direction from the tip (downstream end) of the spout trip 40.
- the temperature of the molten tin 20 in the upstream region in the bath 10 is T1 (° C.)
- T1 the temperature of the molten tin 20 in the upstream region in the bath 10
- T1 the temperature of the molten tin 20 in the upstream region in the bath 10
- the temperature T1 can be adjusted by the output of the burner for injecting flame into the melting furnace, the output of the heater provided near the spout trip 40, or the output of the heater 50 provided in the bus 10. It is also possible to adjust by installing a cooling body (cooler).
- the temperature of the molten glass 30 in the upstream region in the bath 10 is T2 (° C.)
- T2 the lower the temperature T2
- the slower the reaction rate between the molten glass 30 and the molten tin 20 so the amount of elution decreases.
- the temperature T2 is set according to the type and thickness of the float glass 100.
- the temperature T2 can be adjusted by the output of a burner for injecting flame into the melting furnace, the output of a heater (for example, platinum heater) provided in the vicinity of the spout trip 40, or the output of the heater 50 provided in the bus 10. . It is also possible to adjust by installing a cooling body (cooler).
- the hydrogen gas concentration in the atmosphere in the bath 10 is adjusted so that the elution amount A2 is 0.5% or less (preferably 0.47% or less, more preferably 0.45% or less) of the initial amount A1. May be. Assuming that the hydrogen gas concentration in the atmosphere in the upstream region in the bus 10 is U (volume%), the higher the hydrogen gas concentration U, the higher the concentration of hydrogen gas dissolved in the molten tin 20 and the less the amount of elution. Prone.
- the hydrogen gas concentration U is set according to the type and thickness of the float glass 100.
- the hydrogen gas concentration U is preferably 5 (volume%) or more, more preferably 10 (volume%) or more.
- the hydrogen gas concentration U is preferably 15 (volume%) or less from the viewpoint of cost.
- the hydrogen gas concentration U can be adjusted by the output of the gas supply pipe 60 for supplying the reducing gas into the bus 10 and the type of the reducing gas.
- an additive may be added to the molten tin 20 in order to keep the elution amount low.
- the ratio of the elution amount A2 to the initial amount A1 is measured from the concentration distribution of moisture in the float glass 100 as a product.
- the ratio of the elution amount A2 to the initial amount A1 is A (%), the ratio A is calculated from the above equation (5).
- the water concentration Ca and the water concentration function C (x) are obtained.
- the sample 200 for obtaining the function C (x) of the moisture concentration is obtained by slicing the thickness F of the sample from the end of the float glass 100 whose bottom surface 102 is not polished. Prepared by cutting out from the center of 100 width direction (Y direction). The thickness direction of the sample 200 is orthogonal to the thickness direction of the float glass 100, and the outer peripheral surface of the sample 200 includes the bottom surface 102 and the top surface 104 of the float glass 100.
- a sample for obtaining the moisture concentration Ca is prepared by polishing the bottom surface 102 and the top surface 104 of the float glass 100 and cutting out the portion where the moisture concentration is maximized (the portion where the moisture concentration is constant). .
- F shows the plate
- board thickness (micrometer) of the sample 200, for example, is F 100 (micrometer).
- B1 represents the transmittance (%) of the sample 200 at a reference wave number of 4000 / cm
- B2 represents the minimum transmittance (%) of the sample 200 near the hydroxyl absorption wave number of 3600 / cm.
- 10 3 is for converting the unit of F from “ ⁇ m” to “mm”.
- ⁇ is the molar extinction coefficient (L / mol ⁇ cm) of glass
- ⁇ is the density of glass (g / cm 3 ).
- 10 4 converts the unit of Ea from “mm ⁇ 1 ” to “cm ⁇ 1 ”, and the unit of ⁇ from “L / mol ⁇ cm” to “cm 2 / mol”. Is multiplied by “10 ⁇ 2 ” for converting to “10” and “10 6 ” for expressing the moisture concentration Ca in “mass ppm”.
- the function C (x) of the water concentration is calculated based on the measurement result of microscopic FT-IR and the measurement result of SIMS (secondary ion mass spectrometer).
- the IR spectrum of the sample 200 is measured at an interval of 10 ⁇ m from the bottom surface 102 to the top surface 104, and ⁇ at each measurement point is measured in the same manner as described above.
- -OH is calculated and converted to moisture concentration.
- the moisture concentration increases from the bottom surface 102 toward the top surface 104, and when there is no position where the moisture concentration becomes substantially constant, for example, in the case of a thin float glass with a thickness of 0.1 mm, the measurement end point May be a position where the moisture concentration is maximum, that is, in the vicinity of the top surface 104.
- the ⁇ -OH obtained using the microscopic FT-IR is calibrated with the ⁇ -OH obtained using the above-mentioned macro FT-IR in order to improve reliability.
- ⁇ -OH at each measurement point before calibration is B
- ⁇ -OH at the measurement end point before calibration, or the average value of ⁇ -OH at each measurement point at which the water concentration is substantially constant is B1
- ⁇ -OH obtained using the macro FT-IR is B2
- ⁇ -OH at each measurement point after calibration is represented by B ⁇ B2 / B1.
- the water concentration obtained using the microscopic FT-IR is similarly calibrated with ⁇ -OH obtained using the above-mentioned macro FT-IR.
- FIG. 4 shows an example of the distribution of ⁇ -OH after calibration obtained using the microscopic FT-IR
- FIG. 5 shows an example of the distribution of moisture concentration after calibration. 4 and 5, it can be seen that the moisture concentration is substantially constant at a position sufficiently away from the bottom surface 102, and almost no water is eluted into the molten tin 20. 4 and 5, it can be seen that in the vicinity of the bottom surface 102, the moisture concentration becomes lower as the bottom surface 102 is approached, and the water is eluted into the molten tin 20.
- FIG. 6 shows an example of the distribution of the count ratio (hydrogen atoms / silicon atoms) in the float glass 100 based on the SIMS measurement results. As is clear from FIG. 6, in the region 10 ⁇ m or more away from the bottom surface 102, the closer to the bottom surface 102, the smaller the count ratio (hydrogen atoms / silicon atoms). .
- the count ratio (hydrogen atom / silicon atom) increases in the region less than 10 ⁇ m from the bottom surface 102 as it approaches the bottom surface 102. This is presumably because protons (hydrogen ions) separated from water vapor adhered to the bottom surface 102 of the float glass 100 in the slow cooling furnace and ion exchanged with sodium (Na) ions in the glass. Accordingly, the count ratio (hydrogen atom / silicon atom) at each measurement point less than 13 ⁇ m from the bottom surface 102 is inappropriate as an index representing the moisture content and is excluded from the following processing.
- Ea represents the value of ⁇ -OH (mm ⁇ 1 ) at the position where the water concentration is maximum (the position where the water concentration sufficiently away from the bottom surface 102 is substantially constant). As described above, it is calculated from the equation (6) based on the measurement result by the macro FT-IR.
- Ha represents the value of the count ratio (hydrogen atom / silicon atom) at the position where the water concentration is maximum (the position where the water concentration sufficiently away from the bottom surface 102 is substantially constant). Is measured. The number of SIMS measurement points is 1200, and the average of these measurement results is Ha.
- the moisture concentration after calibration obtained using the microscopic FT-IR and the moisture concentration obtained using SIMS are connected to obtain a moisture concentration distribution in the float glass 100.
- the obtained results are shown in FIG.
- “ ⁇ ” represents the value of the moisture concentration after calibration obtained using the microscopic FT-IR
- “ ⁇ ” represents the value of the moisture concentration obtained using SIMS.
- the value of the moisture concentration obtained using SIMS is a moving average value of 10 points because of a large error. From FIG. 7, it can be seen that the moisture concentration value after calibration obtained by microscopic FT-IR and the moisture concentration value obtained by SIMS are in agreement.
- variable parameter in the following equation (10) is minimized so that the error between the concentration distribution of moisture in the float glass 100 and the following equation (10) which is a model equation of the function C (x) of the concentration distribution is minimized. Is obtained by the method of least squares.
- Ca represents the value (mass ppm) of the moisture concentration at the position where the moisture concentration is maximum (the position where the moisture concentration sufficiently away from the bottom surface 102 is substantially constant). Based on the measurement result by the macro FT-IR, it is calculated from the equations (6) and (7).
- Da represents the distance ( ⁇ m) in the plate thickness direction from the bottom surface 102 at the position where the moisture concentration is maximum between both main surfaces of the float glass.
- i is an integer from 0 to n
- n is the number of micro FT-IR measurement points
- the float glass 100 whose bottom surface 102 is not polished is used.
- the bottom surface 102 of the float glass 100 may be polished. If the polishing is performed on the float glass used for the glass substrate for liquid crystal, the elution amount for the polished plate thickness is negligible and can be ignored. Therefore, the moisture concentration can be obtained as described above. Further, in the case of float glass used by polishing the bottom surface 102 so that the elution amount of the polished plate thickness cannot be ignored, the approximate equation is obtained as described above, and the approximate equation is extended by the plate thickness to be polished. The amount of elution corresponding to the removed plate thickness is estimated and obtained.
- Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 In Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, the molten glass flowed on the molten tin toward the outlet of the bath in the same manner except that the temperatures T1 and T2 of the molten tin and the molten glass in the upstream region in the bath were changed. Thus, a float glass having a product thickness of 5 mm was produced. The type of float glass was soda lime glass.
- the sample was cut out from the produced float glass by the above method, and the physical properties of the sample were measured with the following apparatus and measurement conditions.
- T1 in Table 1 is data measured at a point of 95 inches (corresponding to 240 cm) in the X direction from the tip of the spout trip and on a bare tin surface without molten glass in the Y direction.
- T2 and U indicate data measured at a point 95 inches (corresponding to 240 cm) in the X direction from the tip of the spout trip and in the center in the Y direction in the upstream area in the bus.
- T1 and T2 are data measured by a radiation thermometer. From Table 1, it can be seen that when the product thickness is 5 mm, by setting T1 to 1010 (° C.) or less, A becomes 0.5 (%) or less and the bottom surface defect is eliminated.
- Example 2 and Comparative Examples 2 to 3 were the same as Example 1 except that the temperatures T1 and T2 of the molten tin and molten glass in the upstream region in the bath were changed and the product thickness of the float glass was changed to 3 mm. A float glass was prepared.
- T1, T2, and U in Table 2 are data measured at the same positions as T1, T2, and U in Table 1. From Table 2, it can be seen that when the product thickness is 3 mm, by setting T1 to 995 (° C.) or less, A becomes 0.5 (%) or less, and defects on the bottom surface are eliminated.
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Abstract
Description
前記フロートガラスの両主面の一方である、前記バス内で前記溶融スズ側に位置した第1面から他方の第2面に向かって任意の位置までの板厚方向における距離をx(μm)、xを変数とする水分濃度(質量ppm)の関数をC(x)、前記フロートガラスの両主面の間の距離をD(μm)、前記フロートガラスの両主面の間で水分濃度が最大となる位置の前記第1面からの板厚方向における距離をDa(μm)、Daの位置における水分濃度をCa(質量ppm)として、下記式(1)を満たすことを特徴とするフロートガラスを提供する。
前記バス内において溶融ガラスから溶融スズに溶出する水分量を、前記バスに流入する直前の溶融ガラス中の水分量の0.5%以下とすることを特徴とするフロートガラスの製造方法を提供する。
前記バス内において前記溶融ガラスから前記溶融スズに溶出する水分量が、前記バスに流入する直前の溶融ガラス中の水分量の0.5%以下となるように、前記バス内の溶融スズの温度または/および前記バス内の溶融ガラスの温度を調節してもよい。
前記バス内において前記溶融ガラスから前記溶融スズに溶出する水分量が、前記バスに流入する直前の溶融ガラス中の水分量の0.5%以下となるように、前記バス内の雰囲気中の水素ガス濃度を調節してもよい。
前記バス内に流入する直前の溶融ガラス中の水分濃度が470質量ppm以上であってもよい。
フロートガラスは、バス内の溶融スズ上に連続的に供給される溶融ガラスを、溶融スズ上でバスの出口に向けて流動させて作製される。溶融ガラスは、バス内を所定方向に流動する過程で冷却され、バスの出口付近で溶融スズから引き上げられ、フロートガラスとなる。
図1は、本発明の一実施形態によるフロートガラスの製造方法の説明図であって、バスの内部構造の平面図である。図2は、図1のバスの側面断面図である。
初期量A1に対する溶出量A2の割合は、製品であるフロートガラス100中の水分の濃度分布から測定される。初期量A1に対する溶出量A2の割合をA(%)とすると、割合Aは上記式(5)から算出される。
式(8)において、Haは、水分濃度が最大となる位置(ボトム面102から十分に離れた水分濃度が略一定である位置)におけるカウント比(水素原子/ケイ素原子)の値を示し、SIMSを用いて測定される。SIMSの測定点数は1200個とし、これらの測定結果の平均値をHaとする。EaやHaは、ガラスの種類によって異なるが、ソーダライムガラスの場合、例えば、Ea=0.271(mm-1)、Ha=0.0173である。
また、式(10)において、KやLが可変パラメータである。図7において、K=282(質量ppm)、L=0.021(μm-1)の近似曲線を実線で示す。
実施例1および比較例1では、バス内の上流域における、溶融スズおよび溶融ガラスの温度T1、T2を変更した他は、同様にして、溶融ガラスを溶融スズ上でバスの出口に向けて流動させて、製品厚さ5mmのフロートガラスを作製した。フロートガラスの種類は、ソーダライムガラスとした。
装置:島津製作所社製、FT-IR-8400
スキャン回数70回
スペクトル分解能:4cm-1
(顕微FT-IR)
装置:Thermo Fisher Sientific社製、顕微FT-IR Nicolet iN10
検出器:冷却型
スキャン回数:128回
スペクトル分解能:16cm-1
アパーチャ:幅10μm、高さ150μm、角度0°
(SIMS)
装置:アルバックファイ社製、ADEPT1010
1次イオンCs+、マイナスイオン検出
加速電圧:5kV
ビーム電流:1μA
ラスターサイズ:200×200μm
試料角度:60°
これらの測定結果に基づき、上記方法で初期量A1に対する溶出量A2の割合の値A(%)、ボトム面から十分に離れた水分濃度が略一定である位置、この場合、ボトム面から1000μmの位置におけるβ-OHの値Ea(mm-1)、および同様にボトム面から1000μmの位置における水分濃度の値Ca(質量ppm)を算出した。また、作製したフロートガラスのボトム面における欠陥(短径1.5mm以上の凹み)の有無を目視で確認した。これらの結果を、フロートガラスの成形条件と共に表1に示す。
表1から、製品厚さ5mmの場合、T1を1010(℃)以下とすることで、Aが0.5(%)以下となり、ボトム面の欠陥がなくなることがわかる。
実施例2および比較例2~3では、バス内の上流域における溶融スズおよび溶融ガラスの温度T1、T2を変更し、フロートガラスの製品厚さを3mmとした他は、実施例1と同様にして、フロートガラスを作製した。
表2から、製品厚さ3mmの場合、T1を995(℃)以下とすることで、Aが0.5(%)以下となり、ボトム面の欠陥がなくなることがわかる。
本出願は、2011年3月23日出願の日本特許出願2011-065086に基づくものであり、その内容はここに参照として取り込まれる。
12 バスの出口
14 バスの入口
20 溶融スズ
30 溶融ガラス
40 スパウトリップ
50 ヒータ
60 ガス供給管
100 フロートガラス
102 ボトム面
104 トップ面
Claims (6)
- バス内の溶融スズ上に連続的に供給される溶融ガラスを、前記溶融スズ上で前記バスの出口に向けて流動させて作製されるフロートガラスにおいて、
前記フロートガラスの両主面の一方である、前記バス内で前記溶融スズ側に位置した第1面から他方の第2面に向かって任意の位置までの板厚方向における距離をx(μm)、xを変数とする水分濃度(質量ppm)の関数をC(x)、前記フロートガラスの両主面の間の距離をD(μm)、前記フロートガラスの両主面の間で水分濃度が最大となる位置の前記第1面からの板厚方向における距離をDa(μm)、Daの位置における水分濃度をCa(質量ppm)として、下記式(1)を満たすことを特徴とするフロートガラス。
- バス内の溶融スズ上に連続的に供給される溶融ガラスを、前記溶融スズ上で前記バスの出口に向けて流動させてフロートガラスを作製する、フロートガラスの製造方法において、
前記バス内において溶融ガラスから溶融スズに溶出する水分量を、前記バスに流入する直前の溶融ガラス中の水分量の0.5%以下とすることを特徴とするフロートガラスの製造方法。 - 前記バス内において前記溶融ガラスから前記溶融スズに溶出する水分量が、前記バスに流入する直前の溶融ガラス中の水分量の0.5%以下となるように、前記バス内の溶融スズの温度または/および前記バス内の溶融ガラスの温度を調節する請求項3に記載のフロートガラスの製造方法。
- 前記バス内において前記溶融ガラスから前記溶融スズに溶出する水分量が、前記バスに流入する直前の溶融ガラス中の水分量の0.5%以下となるように、前記バス内の雰囲気中の水素ガス濃度を調節する請求項3または4に記載のフロートガラスの製造方法。
- 前記バスに流入する直前の溶融ガラス中の水分濃度が470質量ppm以上である請求項3から5のいずれか一項に記載のフロートガラスの製造方法。
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KR1020137024869A KR20140015384A (ko) | 2011-03-23 | 2012-03-19 | 플로트 유리 및 그의 제조 방법 |
EP12760141.7A EP2690072B1 (en) | 2011-03-23 | 2012-03-19 | Float glass and process for producing same |
JP2013505970A JP6144622B2 (ja) | 2011-03-23 | 2012-03-19 | フロートガラス |
CN201280014641.1A CN103443039B (zh) | 2011-03-23 | 2012-03-19 | 浮法玻璃及其制造方法 |
BR112013023880A BR112013023880A2 (pt) | 2011-03-23 | 2012-03-19 | vidro plano e processo para produzir o mesmo |
RU2013147171/03A RU2013147171A (ru) | 2011-03-23 | 2012-03-19 | Флоат-стекло и способ его получения |
US14/032,531 US20140024517A1 (en) | 2011-03-23 | 2013-09-20 | Float glass and process for producing same |
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Cited By (6)
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KR20140039238A (ko) * | 2011-07-01 | 2014-04-01 | 아사히 가라스 가부시키가이샤 | 화학 강화용 플로트 유리 |
US20140377529A1 (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2014-12-25 | Asahi Glass Company, Limited | Float glass plate and method of manufacturing thereof |
CN105377778A (zh) * | 2013-08-22 | 2016-03-02 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 浮法玻璃制造装置以及使用该装置的浮法玻璃制造方法 |
JP2016056092A (ja) * | 2012-03-26 | 2016-04-21 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 化学強化時の反りを低減できるガラス板 |
WO2023039227A1 (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2023-03-16 | James William Masten | Method for forming shaped glass |
US11851357B2 (en) | 2021-09-09 | 2023-12-26 | James William Masten, JR. | Method for forming shaped glass |
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EP3781526B1 (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2022-12-14 | Corning Incorporated | Apparatus and method for controlling an oxygen containing atmosphere in a glass manufacturing process |
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CN105377778A (zh) * | 2013-08-22 | 2016-03-02 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 浮法玻璃制造装置以及使用该装置的浮法玻璃制造方法 |
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Also Published As
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JP2016222532A (ja) | 2016-12-28 |
EP2690072B1 (en) | 2019-12-04 |
CN103443039B (zh) | 2015-08-26 |
KR20140015384A (ko) | 2014-02-06 |
US20140024517A1 (en) | 2014-01-23 |
JPWO2012128261A1 (ja) | 2014-07-24 |
RU2013147171A (ru) | 2015-04-27 |
EP2690072A1 (en) | 2014-01-29 |
JP6144622B2 (ja) | 2017-06-07 |
CN103443039A (zh) | 2013-12-11 |
BR112013023880A2 (pt) | 2016-12-13 |
EP2690072A4 (en) | 2014-08-20 |
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